Análise Elasto-plástica de Pórticos Metálicos para Pavilhão Industrial

8/12/2019 Anlise Elasto-plstica de Prticos Metlicos para Pavilho Industrial

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FICHA CATALOGRFICA

ALENCAR, GUILHERME SANTANA

ANLISE ELASTO-PLSTICA DE PRTICOS METLICOS PARA PAVILHOINDUSTRIAL

xi, 140 p., 2! "" #ENC$UEG, %&'(&)*+, E*(&)i& Cii+, 201/

P)*3 i&+ 5 Ui6&6* E73&68&+ 6* Gi97. Ui6&6* Ui*)7i39)i& 6* Ci:'i&7 Ex&3&7 *T*'+;i'&7

C8)7 6* E*(&)i& Cii+

1. A9+i7* E+&73-p+973i'& 2. E73)838)&7 M*39+i'&7 2. C73)838+ #S?)i*

REFERNCIA BIBLIOGRFICA

ALENCAR, G. S. A9+i7* E+&73-p+973i'& 6* P;)3i'7 M*39+i'7 P+&7 6* Vi&7 I'+i&6&7

p&)& P&i+(= I6873)i&+, P8@+i'&


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GUILHERME SANTANA ALENCAR

ANLISE ELASTO-PLSTICA DE PRTICOS METLICOSPARA PAVILHO INDUSTRIAL

PROETO INAL SU%METIDO AO CURSO DE ENGENHARIA CIVIL DAUNIVERSIDADE ESTADUAL DE GOIS COMO PARTE DOS REJUISITOS

NECESSRIOS PARA A O%TENO DO GRAU DE %ACHAREL.

APROVADO POR

EDSON TEERINA CALDERN, DS'. #UEG#ORIENTADOR

CLAUDIO MARRA ALVES, MS'. #UEG#CO-ORIENTADOR

MARCUS VINBCIUS CAVALCANTI, DS'.#EAMINADOR INTERNO

D&3& A9p+i7$GO, 6* maro6* 2014.


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AGRADECIMENTOS

A)&6*7

Si"*7 6& Si+& * R8i Si"*7, p*+7 *x'*+*3*7 +i)7 p)68i67, * p*+& p)38i6&6* 6* 3*)

'(*'i6 8" p8' "&i7 6* p*)3 3)&@&+( 6*7*+i6 & A77'i&


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RESUMO

A7 p)p)i*6&6*7 "*'i'&7 6 "&3*)i&+ &


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ABSTRACT

T(* "*'(&i'&+ p)p*)3i*7 73**+ i*7 i3 & p&)3i'8+&) 78i3&@i+i3Y ) p+&73i' 6*7i. I &'3,

3(* *xi73*'* & Yi*+6 )&* &++Z7 3 +Y 3 *&+8&3* 3(* 7*'3i7 73)*3( &778"i 33&+

p+&73ii'&3i, &7 Z*++ &7 *&+8&3i 3(* +@&+ 73)*3( & 73)8'38)* 3&i &6&3&* i37

(ip*)*73&3i'7 &6 p))*77i* p+&73ii'&3i. T(i7 p77i@i+i3Y )*78+37 i p3*3i&++Y ")*

*'"i'&+ 73)8'38)*7, 3()8( & @*33*) 87* "&3*)i&+7. T(* p+&73i' 6*7i 73**+ 73)8'38)*7

i7 p&)3i'8+&)+Y 87*6 i 3(* 6*7i i6873)i&+ @8i+6i7 Zi3( p)3&+ )&"*7 &6 7+pi

@*&"7.T(i7 3Yp* 73)8'38)*7 3(&3 pp8+&)i*6 3(* p+&73i' &&+Y7i7 73)8'38)*7 )" 1K0, i

E+&6, Zi3( 3(* p8@+i'&3i [T(* S3**+ S*+*3[, )" %&*), H*Y"& * H)* #1K4.

I %)&i+ 3(*)* (&7 @** & p))*77i* i')*&7* i 3(* "&)*3 73**+ '73)8'3i, Z(i'(

)*+*'37 3(* i')*&7i '"p*3i3i**77 3(i7 3Yp* 73)8'38)&+ 7+83i i 7"* 7*'3) 3(*

'73)8'3i i6873)Y. T(i7 )Z3( )*8i)*7 &"i+i&)i3Y *i**)7 Zi3( 6*7i 3(&3 p)"3*

8&+i3Y, 7&*3Y &6 '"p*3i3i**77 73**+. T(i7 p)*'3 &i"7 3 i"p+*"*3 73Z&)* )

'&+'8+&3i p)3&+ )&"*7 73**+ @Y p+&73i' "*3(67, '7i73i 3Z '+8"7 &6 3Z I

@*&"7 7+p*6 "&6* )" 73**+ p)i+*7 Zi6* +&*7. T(i7 3Yp* 73)8'38)* #'"" )i6873)i&+ @8i+6i7 Z&7 '(7* 3 i++873)&3* 3(* )*+*&3 &7p*'37 p+&73i' 6*7i 73**+

73)8'38)*7. T(* )83i*7 '"p)i7* & p))&" i"p+*"*3*6 3 @3&i 7+83i7 ) &83"&3*6

p)*-7ii 3(* p)i+*7.

\*Y-Z)67 p+&73i' 6*7i, 73**+ )&"*, p)3&+ )&"*, i6873)i&+ @8i+6i7


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LISTA DE FIGURAS

F'()&* P+(',*

i. 1.1 5 I+873)&


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i739*+......................................................................................................................................]1

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#200!........................................................................................................................................!

i. !.1 5 Si73*"& i77393i'7 @3i67 p&)& p;)3i'. 3* H)* #1! '" &+3*)&


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LISTA DE TABELAS

T*/* P+(',*

T&@*+& K.1 5 P)i'ip&i7 ;)"8+&7 p&)& p*)i7 I 8 H 6* &@&7 p&)&+*+&7. 3* T&@*+& 6* P*)i7

6& A)'*+)Mi33&+........................................................................................................................//

T&@*+& K.2 5 C"p&)&


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LISTA DE ABREVIATURAS

A%NT A77'i&


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SUMRIO

1 INTRODUO.......................................................................................................................1

1.1 %REVE HISTRICO DOS MODELOS ESTRUTURAIS..................................................1

1.2 MODELO UTILIeADO......................................................................................................./

1./ TIPOS DE ANLISE...........................................................................................................4

1.4 ESTADO DA ARTE..............................................................................................................!

1.K USTIICATIVA...................................................................................................................

1.K.1 O MERCADO %RASILEIRO DA CONSTRUO METLICA.................................10

2 METODOLOGIA..................................................................................................................12

2.1 O%ETIVO GERAL...........................................................................................................12

2.2 O%ETIVOS ESPECBICOS..............................................................................................1/

/ PRTICO PARA PAVILHO INDUSTRIAL......................................................................14

4 O MATERIAL AO...............................................................................................................1!

4.1 O COMPORTAMENTO PLSTICO DOS METAIS........................................................1`

4.1.1 ENSAIOS PARA SE ESTUDAR O COMPORTAMENTO PLSTICO DO AO........1

4.1.2 CURVAS DE TENSO-DEORMAO DO AO......................................................20

4.1./ MODELO BSICO ADOTADO PARA O MATERIAL..................................................21

4.2 CONSIDERAfES SO%RE O DIAGRAMA TENSO-DEORMAO.....................2/

4.2.1 ENCRUAMENTO OU DEORMAO A RIO..........................................................2/

4.2.2 EEITO DE %AUSCHINGER........................................................................................24

K O COMPORTAMENTO PLSTICO DAS SEfES...........................................................2]

K.1 UNO DE ESCOAMENTO..........................................................................................2`

K.2 SEfES UTILIeADAS NO PRESENTE PROETO......................................................./2


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K.2.1 RMULAS DAS PROPRIEDADES GEOMTRICAS...............................................//

K./ PROPRIEDADES DA SEO WDUPLO EX...................................................................../4

K./.1 COMPARAO ENTRE OS MODELOS 1 E 2............................................................/!

K./.2 MDULOS ELSTICO E PLSTICO DA SEO DUPLO E..................................../

K././ CONCLUSO DOS RESULTADOS DO PERIL WDUPLO EX....................................40

K./.4 MODELO ESTRUTURAL DOS REOROS...............................................................41

K.4 CLASSIICAO DE SEfES JUANTO Q LAM%AGEM.......................................42

] ANLISE ESTRUTURAL ELASTO-PLSTICA...............................................................K0

].1 %REVE HISTRICO DOS PRINCIPAIS CONCEITOS..................................................K1

].2 ANLISE ELASTO-PLSTICA SEGUNDO A NORMA %RITgNICA %S KK0...........K2

].2.1 O MTODO GRICO..................................................................................................K2

].2.2 TRA%ALHO VIRTUAL E O MTODO DOS MECANISMOS....................................K/

].2./ ANLISE ELASTO-PLSTICA....................................................................................K4

! ANLISE ELASTO-PLSTICA 5 MTODOS...................................................................K]

!.1 MTODO DAS ANLISES ELSTICAS SUCESSIVAS...............................................K]

!.1.1 NhMERO DE RTULAS...............................................................................................]2

!.1.2 IMPLEMENTAO COMPUTACIONAL....................................................................]/

!.2 MTODO DA eONA PLSTICA.....................................................................................]]

!./ MTODO DA MATRIe DE REDUO PLSTICA......................................................!2

!./.1 NATUREeA INCREMENTAL DA ANLISE...............................................................!/

!./.2 REGRA DE LUO........................................................................................................!K

!././ CRITRIO DE PARADA................................................................................................!]

!.4 MTODO GRICO OU DA IMPOSIO DE DIAGRAMA.......................................!!

!.4.1 EEMPLO 5 APLICAO DO MTODO DA IMPOSIO DE DIAGRAMA A UM


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PRTICO DE VIGAS INCLINADAS.....................................................................................!`

!.4.1.1 MODELO ESTRUTURAL..........................................................................................`K

!.4.1.2 CASOS DE CARREGAMENTO.................................................................................`!

!.4.1./ VERIICAO DAS DEORMAfES...................................................................2

!.4.1.4 COMPARAO COM MTODO ELSTICO CLSSICO...................................../

` CONCLUSO.......................................................................................................................4

ANEO A 5 CDIGO ORTRAN #ESPECIICAO !! DO PROGRAMA ELASTIC-

PLASTIC RAME DO ENG. HAC\SOO LEE......................................................................K

A.1 ARJUIVOS EEMPLO.................................................................................................101

ANEO % 5 PRANCHA COM DETALHES ILUSTRATIVOS DE UM PROETO TIPO DE

PAVILHO INDUSTRIAL EM ESTRUTURA METLICA...............................................104

REERNCIAS......................................................................................................................10K


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1

" INTRODUO

E73* 3)&@&+( *7386& & &9+i7* *73)838)&+ 6* p;)3i'7 "*39+i'7 p+&7 6* i&7

i'+i&6&7 )*i"* *+&73-p+973i'. E77* 3ip 6* *73)838)& i *7'+(i6 p&)& 6*"73)&) 7

&7p*'37 )*+*&3*7 6& &9+i7* p+973i'& * & p)9*+ *'"i& &6i6& 6* &p)*i3&) &

'&p&'i6&6* )*7i73*3* 6&7 7*6&.

"." BREVE HISTRICO DOS MODELOS ESTRUTURAIS

U"& *x'*+*3* (i73;)i& 6 6*7*+i"*3 6& T*)i& 6&7 E73)838)&7 ? 6&6& p)

Ti"7(* #1K/ *"&ist'ria da %esist(ncia dos Materiais) S*86 *73& @)&, p)i"*i)


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2

& 6'8"*3&) "6*+7 *73)838)&i7 '" & i&+i6&6* 6* &&+i&) '"p)3&"*3 6&7 *73)838)&7

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)*7i73:'i& 6* @&))&7 6* *)) 6* 9)i7 '"p)i"*37X, D& Vi'i 6*7')** 8" "6*+

*73)838)&+, *78*"&3i&6 & i. 1.1 * & & 7*8i3* @7*)&


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6*p*6*3* 6 '"p)i"*3. D& "*7"& )"&, *73& p8@+i'&38+ 4.1.

i. 1.2 5 E78*"& 6 3*73* 6* 3*7*7 *x*'83&6 p) G&+i+*.

".! MODELO UTILI0ADO

P&)& 8* 7*& p77>*+ )*&+i&) 8&+8*) &9+i7*, &7 *73)838)&7 p)*'i7&" 7*) i6*&+i&6&7.

M*"@)7 8* p778*" +&)8)& * &+38)&, &77i" '" '"p)i"*3, 7=, p) '*


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i. 1.K 5 ^x_ 5 I+873)&


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!

".4 ESTADO DA ARTE

O C9+'8+ E+&73-P+973i' 6* E73)838)&7, "*&6&"*3* '" "&3*)i&+ &*&7, &3)&?7 6& )"8+&


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= ? "&'i7*7. N %)&7i+, &i6& 8* *xi73& &38&+"*3* 8"

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#2c C+&p7 6* p;)3i'7 7i"p+*7 #/c A9+i7* Li"i3* #4c P)*3&6 83i+i&6 & T*)i&

P+973i'& #Kc D*)"&38+7 * '3*67, 7*" )*73)i


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6*7*+i6 8" p))&"& *" ';6i ORTRAN #&3*)i) F *7p*'ii'&'i7 &+37, "ii73)&6 & 6i7'ip+i& E73)838)&7 *" R*i"*

E+&73-p+973i' #P;7-G)&68&38+ ], 7*8 6*7*+i"*3 * 6i8+&*i7, p. *x. 5 6i"*7i&"*3 7*)i&

'68i6 6* "6 8*, p&)& &7 7+i'i3&


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'&7 6& 3*7= )"&+, = 7*)i& *x'*6i6 8"& '*)3& p)'*3&*" 6& 3*7= 6* *7'&"*3.

P)?", p6*-7* &i)"&) 8* p)&3i'&"*3* *" 36&7 &7 *73)838)&7 6i"*7i&6&7 p*+

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*x'*6i6&7 *" 9)i7 +'&i7 6*i6 & *"*7 6* ''*3)&


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11

A%CEM 5 A77'i&


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! METODOLOGIA

O "?36 83i+i&6 p)*7*3* 3)&@&+( ? 6* p*78i7& @i@+i)9i'& '"

i73)8"*3 6* +*&3&"*3 * &9+i7* 6* i)"&


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!.! OB%ETIVOS ESPEC6FICOS

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C+977i'7 6* R;38+& P+973i'&, M?36 6& I"p7i


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# PRTICO PARA PAVILHO INDUSTRIAL

N& p)93i'& '))*3*, 7*86 Pi( #200K, *xi73*" 6i7 3ip7 @97i'7 6* p&i+(*7 *"

p;)3i'7, 6*ii67 *" 8


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N3*-7* 8* 7= "8i3 7 &3)*7 8* i+8*'i&" * '&@* & p)*3i73& *'3)&) &

)*+&


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4 O MATERIAL AO

O &i'& m a !`K0 $"/.

E" )*+&


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7"*3* 7= )*'i67 7@ *'"*6& #ERREIRA, 2012.

4." O COMPORTAMENTO PLSTICO DOS METAIS

O &6*3i Wp+973i'X *" 6 G)* C+977i' ;>?@, #3)&7+. p+977*i, * 7iii'&

"+6&), * 6*7')**, &77i", 7 "&3*)i&i7 3&i7 '" "*3&i7 6'3*i7, &)i+& 8 "&77& 6*

i6)&'*i), 8* p778*" & p)p)i*6&6* 6* 7 @*37 &@)i'&67 & p&)3i) 6*+*7 3*)*" 78& )"&

&'i+"*3* &+3*)&6& p) &p+i'&i"&

&+3*)&-7* ')"* & 3*"p*)&38)& *" 8* 7* *'3)& "&3*)i&+ #LU%LINER, 201/. C"

8"& p*8*& &p+i'&"*)7 * & &@)i'&-+&. N

*3&3, &8i 7 i3*)*77& '"p)3&"*3 * & p+&73i'i6&6* 6 &


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4."." ENSAIOS PARA SE ESTUDAR O COMPORTAMENTO PLSTICO DO AO

L8@+i*) #201/, &p3& 8* *7&i "&i7 &p)p)i&6 p&)& 7* *7386&) & p+&73i'i6&6* 6

"&3*)i&+ p6* 7*) )*&+i&6 p)68i6-7* 8" *73&6 6* 6*)"&*+ &*) "8i3 '" 7 7*87 )*78+3&67, p)8* = 7* 7&@* 8* *+*7 )*&+"*3*

7iii'&". E+*7 7= )*78+3&6 6* 8"& 7?)i* 6* p)'*777 >7i'7 "8i3 '"p+i'&67 #...X.

#OROAN, 144 &p86 LU%LINER, 201/.

I3*)*77&3* 3&), 8*, & 6*7p*i3 6& p)*'8p&


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*7&i '73);i-7* 3&"@?" 7 6i*)*3*7 "6*+7 6* '8)& 3*7=-6*)"&i'& &6i"*7i&+.


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i. 4.1 - Di&)&"& 3*7=-6*)"&


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i. 4.2 - M6*+ *+973i'-p*)*i3&"*3* p+973i'. 3* COR%ANI #201/.

P&)& &i'& & 7* &3ii) & 3*7=

6* *7'&"*3 ? 6* &p)xi"&6&"*3* 0,12 k. J8&6 & 6*)"&i'& 6* &p)xi"&6&"*3* 1,4 k

#8" p8' "&i7 6* 6* **7 & 6*)"&'i 6& p+&73ii'&i6-p+973i' 6& i. 4./, *" 8* = (9 &7* *+973i'& *

] D* &3*"=, *73& ? & p)i"*i)& (ip;3*7* 6& &9+i7* p+973i'& +i"i3*.

! &*6-7*fafy) I73 = '&87& p)@+*"&7, 9 8* 7= "8i3 p);xi"7 * "8i37 *+*"*37 *73)838)&i7

= *xi@*" *73& 6i*)*


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"&3*)i&+ p+&73ii'&-7* i"*6i&3&"*3*. E73* "6*+ ? i"p)3&3* 6*7*+i"*3 67

M?367 C+977i'7 6* A9+i7* E+&73-p+973i'& p*+ P)i'>pi 67 T)&@&+(7 Vi)38&i7, 8*

'7i6*)& 7 *+*"*37 +i*&)*7 6& *73)838)& )>i6-p+973i'7.

i. 4./ 5 M6*+ )>i6-p+973i'. 3* )* #201/.

4.! CONSIDERA8ES SOBRE O DIAGRAMA TENSO-DEFORMAO

4.!." ENCRUAMENTO OU DEFORMAO A FRIO

D* &')6 '" P*i+ * P*i+ #200, 6*i6 F &+3*)&


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F )8p38)&. I73 i3)68 &+87 *))7, pi7 "8i3&7 *73)838)&7, 8&6 6 '+&p7, 3*)= p37

'" *73&6 6* 3*7= *73& )*i= 6 6i&)&"& 3*7=-6*)"&


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i. 4.4 - E*i3 6* %&87'(i*). 3* ORGE #201/.

O "6*+ &63&6 i)& **i3 6* %&87(i*). I73 '&87& *))7, "&7 *)&+"*3* *+*7

7= p*8*7. N *3&3, 7*86 MY #1`1, 7 *))7 p6*" 7*) 7iii'&3i7 *"

*73)838)&7 *" 8* ? p77>*+ (&*) )**)7= '"p+*3& 6 *73&6 6* 3*7=. P) *x*"p+,

i"&i* '&7 6& )"&


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1 O COMPORTAMENTO PLSTICO DAS SE8ES

O ""*3 6* p+&73ii'&y? & 3*7= 6* *7'&"*3 6 *7&i 6* 3)&


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i. K.1 5 E739i7 6* 3*7=-6*)"&


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*"?3)i' *" 8* p37 & 78p*)>'i* i6i'&" 7*'i* *73= )*i"* *+973i' 5 & *xi73:'i& 6* p37

*x3*)7 F 78p*)>'i* = ? &6"i3i6&. S* 7* 3)&3&) 6* 8"& &9+i7* p+&& 6* 3*7*7 #o/a0,

&6*8&6 p&)& *73)838)&7 p+&&7, '" &7 6*77* p)*3 3*"-7* *3= 8"& '8)& 6*

*7'&"*3 p+& '&)3*7i& o1xo2.

N& +i3*)&38)& *xi73*" "8i3&7 p)p73&7 6* '8)&7, 8* 7* @&7*i&" *" "6*+7 3*;)i'7

* *xp*)i"*3&i7 * *" 8" ')i3?)i 6* *7'&"*3, *" 8* *3*6*-7* p) W')i3?)iX 8"&

(ip;3*7* 8* 6*i* 8&6 * *" 8* *73&6 6* 3*7*7 '"*


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O6* P, MY* Mx7= *7)


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M'G8i)* *3 &+ #2000 78*)* & 7*8i3* 78p*)>'i* 6* *7'&"*3, '3>8& *" 7*8

6">i, 8* &p)xi"& 8"*)i'&"*3* &7 68&7 +3i"&7 *xp)*77*7, p+3&6& & i. K./

i. K./ 5 S8p*)>'i* 6* E7'&"*3 6*i6 F i3*)&


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1.! SE8ES UTILI0ADAS NO PRESENTE PRO%ETO

P&)& p)*7*3* p)*3 )&" p*78i7&67 '&39+7 6* p*)i7 +&"i&67 & 8*3* 6*

&@&7 p&)&+*+&7 * @&7 i8&i7 6& i673)i& 7i6*))i'& @)&7i+*i)& G*)6&8 A


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//

1.!." FRMULAS DAS PROPRIEDADES GEOMTRICAS

T&@*+& K.1 5 P)i'ip&i7 ;)"8+&7 p&)& p*)i7 I 8 H 6* &@&7 p&)&+*+&7. 3* T&@*+& 6* P*)i7 6& A)'*+)Mi33&+.

)*& A=23 fD+(h23 f) tw+(4;)r2

)*&R*7i73*3* &Ci7&+(&"*3

A+H=A2@3 f+(tw+2)) tf

M&77& p)Ui6&6* 6*

C"p)i"*3

:=Am 5 6*7i6&6* *7p*'>i'& 6 &


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6* * h7= & +&)8)& * & &+38)& 6 p*)i+ I, )*7p*'3i&"*3*, tf? & *7p*778)& 67 @&7, tw

? & *7p*778)& 6& &+"&, *& & &+38)& 6 ')3* & 7*


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1.#." COMPARAO ENTRE OS MODELOS " E !

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1.#.# CONCLUSO DOS RESULTADOS DO PERFIL ;DUPLO E*+ *" q(33p$$ZZZ.7'i*+.@)$7'i*+.p(p}pi6aS0/!0-44]!200!00020000K7')ip3a7'i&)33*x3s. A'*77 *" 1` "&).

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p'3i6a2/!KKp'6a/2&&&i)&&2s. A'*77 *" 21 "&). 201/.

ERREIRA, R&i*) Pi*&i. ME0ANINO ESTRUTARADO EM AO: PRO%ETO9FABRICAO E MONTAGEM. 2012. 1/ . T)&@&+( 6* C'+87= 6* C8)7 #%&'(&)*+ -C8)7 6* E*(&)i& Cii+, D*p&)3&"*3 6* Ui6&6* Ui*)7i39)i& 6* Ci:'i&7 Ex&3&7 *T*'+;i'&7 - &'8+6&6* 6* E*(&)i& Cii+, Ui*)7i6&6* E73&68&+ 6* Gi97, A9p+i7,2012.

HORNE, Mi'(&*+ R.. PLASTIC THEOR OF STRUCTURES.2. *6. Ox)6 P*)&"P)*77, 1!. 1! p.

ORGE, R. M. N&3&+c DINIS, L. M. . S.. TEORIA DA PLASTICIDADE.&'8+6&6* 6*


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LU%LINER, &'@. PLASTICIT THEOR: R*i7*6 E6i3i #PD. Ui*)7i3Y C&+i)i& &3 %*)*+*Y. Di7p>*+ *"q(33p$$ZZZ.'*.@*)*+*Y.*68$l'@Y$p+&[email protected]. A'*77 *" 21 "&). 201/.

MCGUIRE, i++i&"c GALLAGHER, Ri'(&)6 H.c eIEMIAN, R&+6 D.. M*&'> S&)@)&*/A,*/3'3.2. *6. N*Z j) ( i++*Y S7, I', 2000. 4]0 p.

MOj, S38&)3 S. .. PLASTIC METHODS FOR STEEL AND CONCRETESTRUCTURES. L6 T(* M&'"i++& P)*77 L36, 1`1. 221 p.

NEAL, %. G. THE PLASTIC METHODS OF STRUCTURAL ANALSIS. /. *6. L6.C(&"p"& H&++, 1K]. 20K p.

PEIL, &+3*)c PEIL, Mi'(+*. ESTRUTURAS DE AO: Di"*7i&"*3 P)93i' 6* A')6'" & N%R ``00200`. `. *6. Ri 6* &*i) L3', 200. /K! p.

PINHO, *)&6 O33@i. GALP8ES EM PRTICOS DE AO.C73)8*+ *"q(33p$$*36.+i@."*38.*68.3)$8p+&6$12]10`4$i6*x.p6s. A'*77 *" 1` "&). 201/.

SALTER, P)c MALI\, A7c \ING, C". DESIGN OF SINGLE-SPAN STEEL PORTALFRAMES TO BS 11-":!. S3**+ C73)8'3i I73i383*. Di7p>*+ *"qZZZ.3*+'73)8'3i.i$i+*SCIP2K2.p6 s. A'*77 *" 21 "&). 201/.


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ESTRUTURAS METLICAS:M?367 A&

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