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ESCOLA POLITCNICA DA USPDEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA HIDRULICA E SANITRIAPHD 2411 SANEAMENTO I
COAGULAOProf. Dr. Roque Passos PiveliProf. Dr. Sidney Seckler Ferreira Filho
COAGULAOIntroduoDefinio de um sistema coloidalColides liofbicos e lioflicosColides hidrofbicos e hidroflicosEstabilidade de um sistema coloidal
COAGULAODefinio do processo de coagulao em guas de abastecimentoForas intermoleculares de Van der WaalsTeoria da Dupla Camada
COAGULAOComportamento qumico em meio aquoso dos coagulantes mais utilizados no processo de tratamento de guaSais de alumnio (Sulfato de alumnio)Sais de Ferro (Cloreto frrico e sulfato frrico)
COAGULAOMecanismos de desestabilizao de partculas coloidaisCompresso da Dupla CamadaAdsoro neutralizaoVarreduraPonte interparticularExerccio Dimensionamento de Calhas Parshall
Tratamento Convencional de guas de AbastecimentoManancialCoagulaoFloculaoSedimentaoFiltraoDesinfecoFluoretaoCorreo de pHgua final Agente oxidanteCAPCoagulanteAlcalinizanteAgente oxidantePolmeroPolmeroAgente oxidanteAgente oxidanteFlor
Alcalinizante
COAGULAO
COAGULAO
DISTRIBUIO DE TAMANHO DE PARTCULAS EM GUAS NATURAIS
ESPECTRO DE DIMETROS DE PARTCULAS
DISTRIBUIO DE TAMANHO DE PARTCULAS EM GUAS NATURAIS
COAGULAO SISTEMAS COLOIDAIS
Grf2
10000.0001143558
100000.000246372
1000000.0005307924
10000000.0011435576
30000000.0016492955
50000000.0019554561
80000000.0022871153
100000000.0024637202
300000000.0035532995
500000000.0042129024
800000000.0049274405
1000000000.0053079244
3000000000.0076553516
5000000000.009076423
8000000000.0106158487
10000000000.0114355764
100000000000.0246372025
1000000000000.0530792436
10000000000000.1143557638
100000000000000.2463720246
1000000000000000.5307924364
10000000000000001.1435576382
100000000000000002.4637202459
1000000000000000005.3079243643
100000000000000000011.4355763825
1000000000000000000024.6372024589
10000000000000000000053.0792436427
Concentrao de partculas=10,0 mg/lMassa Especfica=2.750 Kg/m3
Nmero de partculas (por litro)
rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
Dimetro das partculas (um)
Nmero de partculas (#/L)
rea superficial (m2/l)
Sistemas coloidais
Clculo da rea de um Sistema Coloidal
Cp (mg/l)=10
Massa Esp. (Kg/m3)=2,750
Nmero de partculas (por litro)Dimetro das partculas (um)rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
1.00E+031.91E+020.0001143558
1.00E+048.86E+010.000246372
1.00E+054.11E+010.0005307924
1.00E+061.91E+010.0011435576
3.00E+061.32E+010.0016492955
5.00E+061.12E+010.0019554561
8.00E+069.54E+000.0022871153
1.00E+078.86E+000.0024637202
3.00E+076.14E+000.0035532995
5.00E+075.18E+000.0042129024
8.00E+074.43E+000.0049274405
1.00E+084.11E+000.0053079244
3.00E+082.85E+000.0076553516
5.00E+082.40E+000.009076423
8.00E+082.06E+000.0106158487
1.00E+091.91E+000.0114355764
1.00E+108.86E-010.0246372025
1.00E+114.11E-010.0530792436
1.00E+121.91E-010.1143557638
1.00E+138.86E-020.2463720246
1.00E+144.11E-020.5307924364
1.00E+151.91E-021.1435576382
1.00E+168.86E-032.4637202459
1.00E+174.11E-035.3079243643
1.00E+181.91E-0311.4355763825
1.00E+198.86E-0424.6372024589
1.00E+204.11E-0453.0792436427
Dimetro das partculas (um)Nmero de partculas (por litro)rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
190.792148016810000.0001143558
88.5578703776100000.000246372
41.10492222731000000.0005307924
19.079214801710000000.0011435576
13.228788688530000000.0016492955
11.157592502350000000.0019554561
9.539607400880000000.0022871153
8.8557870378100000000.0024637202
6.1402597859300000000.0035532995
5.1788956768500000000.0042129024
4.4278935189800000000.0049274405
4.11049222271000000000.0053079244
2.85005612583000000000.0076553516
2.40383043445000000000.009076423
2.05524611148000000000.0106158487
1.907921480210000000000.0114355764
0.8855787038100000000000.0246372025
0.41104922231000000000000.0530792436
0.19079214810000000000000.1143557638
0.0885578704100000000000000.2463720246
0.04110492221000000000000000.5307924364
0.019079214810000000000000001.1435576382
0.008855787100000000000000002.4637202459
0.00411049221000000000000000005.3079243643
0.0019079215100000000000000000011.4355763825
0.00088557871000000000000000000024.6372024589
0.000411049210000000000000000000053.0792436427
&A
Page &P
Sistemas coloidais
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Concentrao de partculas=10,0 mg/lMassa Especfica=2.750 Kg/m3
Dimetro das partculas (um)
rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
Nmero de partculas
Dimetro das partculas (um)
rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
Sistema Coloidal
Aluminio e ferro
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Concentrao de partculas=10,0 mg/lMassa Especfica=2.750 Kg/m3
Nmero de partculas (por litro)
rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
Dimetro das partculas (um)
Nmero de partculas (#/L)
rea superficial (m2/l)
Potencial Zeta
SOLUBILIDADE DOS COMPOSTOS ALUMNIO E FERRO
As concentraes esto calculadas em log
pHFe+3FeOH+2FeOH2+1FeOH4-1Fe2OH2+4Fe TotalAl+3AlOH+2Al7OH17+4Al13OH34+5ALOH4-1Al2OH2+4AL Total
3-5-4.16-5.74-16-6.85-4.08998795790-22.24.6-9.7-0.35.7162001117
3.1-5.3-4.36-5.84-15.9-7.25-4.2991114996-0.3-2.21.84.1-9.6-0.75.2167828157
3.2-5.6-4.56-5.94-15.8-7.65-4.5051902617-0.6-2.41.43.6-9.5-1.14.7175154513
3.3-5.9-4.76-6.04-15.7-8.05-4.7084808697-0.9-2.613.1-9.4-1.54.2184362942
3.4-6.2-4.96-6.14-15.6-8.45-4.9091330377-1.2-2.80.62.6-9.3-1.93.7195932181
3.5-6.5-5.16-6.24-15.5-8.85-5.1071931548-1.5-30.22.1-9.2-2.33.2210460051
3.6-6.8-5.36-6.34-15.4-9.25-5.3026084363-1.8-3.2-0.21.6-9.1-2.72.7228691568
3.7-7.1-5.56-6.44-15.3-9.65-5.4952319172-2.1-3.4-0.61.1-9-3.12.225155288
3.8-7.4-5.76-6.54-15.2-10.05-5.6848291253-2.4-3.6-10.6-8.9-3.51.7280191806
3.9-7.7-5.96-6.64-15.1-10.45-5.8710877177-2.7-3.8-1.40.1-8.8-3.91.2316025621
4-8-6.16-6.74-15-10.85-6.053631601-3-4-1.8-0.4-8.7-4.30.7360796545
4.1-8.3-6.36-6.84-14.9-11.25-6.2320409277-3.3-4.2-2.2-0.9-8.6-4.70.2416634989
4.2-8.6-6.56-6.94-14.8-11.65-6.405878722-3.6-4.4-2.6-1.4-8.5-5.1-0.2513869756
4.3-8.9-6.76-7.04-14.7-12.05-6.5747236341-3.9-4.6-3-1.9-8.4-5.5-0.742759195
4.4-9.2-6.96-7.14-14.6-12.45-6.7382065807-4.2-4.8-3.4-2.4-8.3-5.9-1.2320785088
4.5-9.5-7.16-7.24-14.5-12.85-6.8960471937-4.5-5-3.8-2.9-8.2-6.3-1.7188988735
4.6-9.8-7.36-7.34-14.4-13.25-7.0480847393-4.8-5.2-4.2-3.4-8.1-6.7-2.2026918574
4.7-10.1-7.56-7.44-14.3-13.65-7.1942981819-5.1-5.4-4.6-3.9-8-7.1-2.6828318686
4.8-10.4-7.76-7.54-14.2-14.05-7.3348116632-5.4-5.6-5-4.4-7.9-7.5-3.1585728783
4.9-10.7-7.96-7.64-14.1-14.45-7.4698845278-5.7-5.8-5.4-4.9-7.8-7.9-3.6290066109
5-11-8.16-7.74-14-14.85-7.5998882061-6-6-5.8-5.4-7.7-8.3-4.0929806873
5.1-11.3-8.36-7.84-13.9-15.25-7.7252746674-6.3-6.2-6.2-5.9-7.6-8.7-4.5489268352
5.2-11.6-8.56-7.94-13.8-15.65-7.8465420712-6.6-6.4-6.6-6.4-7.5-9.1-4.9944717021
5.3-11.9-8.76-8.04-13.7-16.05-7.9642026369-6.9-6.6-7-6.9-7.4-9.5-5.4254909942
5.4-12.2-8.96-8.14-13.6-16.45-8.0787561612-7.2-6.8-7.4-7.4-7.3-9.9-5.8337839559
5.5-12.5-9.16-8.24-13.5-16.85-8.1906707432-7.5-7-7.8-7.9-7.2-10.3-6.2021019815
5.6-12.8-9.36-8.34-13.4-17.25-8.3003707127-7.8-7.2-8.2-8.4-7.1-10.7-6.4983464546
5.7-13.1-9.56-8.44-13.3-17.65-8.4082307404-8.1-7.4-8.6-8.9-7-11.1-6.6843697004
5.8-13.4-9.76-8.54-13.2-18.05-8.5145746625-8.4-7.6-9-9.4-6.9-11.5-6.7515995319
5.9-13.7-9.96-8.64-13.1-18.45-8.6196775102-8.7-7.8-9.4-9.9-6.8-11.9-6.7334379881
6-14-10.16-8.74-13-18.85-8.7237694316-9-8-9.8-10.4-6.7-12.3-6.6701160407
6.1-14.3-10.36-8.84-12.9-19.25-8.8270404813-9.3-8.2-10.2-10.9-6.6-12.7-6.5863045364
6.2-14.6-10.56-8.94-12.8-19.65-8.9296455244-9.6-8.4-10.6-11.4-6.5-13.1-6.4935775592
6.3-14.9-10.76-9.04-12.7-20.05-9.0317087284-9.9-8.6-11-11.9-6.4-13.5-6.3969299525
6.4-15.2-10.96-9.14-12.6-20.45-9.1333272484-10.2-8.8-11.4-12.4-6.3-13.9-6.2985113683
6.5-15.5-11.16-9.24-12.5-20.85-9.2345737709-10.5-9-11.8-12.9-6.2-14.3-6.1992708571
6.6-15.8-11.36-9.34-12.4-21.25-9.3354975347-10.8-9.2-12.2-13.4-6.1-14.7-6.0996403616
6.7-16.1-11.56-9.44-12.3-21.65-9.4361233053-11.1-9.4-12.6-13.9-6-15.1-5.9998217648
6.8-16.4-11.76-9.54-12.2-22.05-9.5364474936-11.4-9.6-13-14.4-5.9-15.5-5.899911378
6.9-16.7-11.96-9.64-12.1-22.45-9.6364301512-11.7-9.8-13.4-14.9-5.8-15.9-5.799955836
7-17-12.16-9.74-12-22.85-9.7359808637-12-10-13.8-15.4-5.7-16.3-5.6999779568
7.1-17.3-12.36-9.84-11.9-23.25-9.8349355342-12.3-10.2-14.2-15.9-5.6-16.7-5.5999889857
7.2-17.6-12.56-9.94-11.8-23.65-9.9330196566-12.6-10.4-14.6-16.4-5.5-17.1-5.4999944922
7.3-17.9-12.76-10.04-11.7-24.05-10.0297920477-12.9-10.6-15-16.9-5.4-17.5-5.3999972442
7.4-18.2-12.96-10.14-11.6-24.45-10.1245617538-13.2-10.8-15.4-17.4-5.3-17.9-5.2999986206
7.5-18.5-13.16-10.24-11.5-24.85-10.2162717825-13.5-11-15.8-17.9-5.2-18.3-5.1999993093
7.6-18.8-13.36-10.34-11.4-25.25-10.3033506058-13.8-11.2-16.2-18.4-5.1-18.7-5.0999996541
7.7-19.1-13.56-10.44-11.3-25.65-10.3835536832-14.1-11.4-16.6-18.9-5-19.1-4.9999998267
7.8-19.4-13.76-10.54-11.2-26.05-10.4538613871-14.4-11.6-17-19.4-4.9-19.5-4.8999999132
7.9-19.7-13.96-10.64-11.1-26.45-10.5105629352-14.7-11.8-17.4-19.9-4.8-19.9-4.7999999565
8-20-14.16-10.74-11-26.85-10.5496904195-15-12-17.8-20.4-4.7-20.3-4.6999999782
8.1-20.3-14.36-10.84-10.9-27.25-10.5678645695-15.3-12.2-18.2-20.9-4.6-20.7-4.5999999891
8.2-20.6-14.56-10.94-10.8-27.65-10.5633091654-15.6-12.4-18.6-21.4-4.5-21.1-4.4999999945
8.3-20.9-14.76-11.04-10.7-28.05-10.5364882031-15.9-12.6-19-21.9-4.4-21.5-4.3999999973
8.4-21.2-14.96-11.14-10.6-28.45-10.4899335081-16.2-12.8-19.4-22.4-4.3-21.9-4.2999999986
8.5-21.5-15.16-11.24-10.5-28.85-10.4273854763-16.5-13-19.8-22.9-4.2-22.3-4.1999999993
8.6-21.8-15.36-11.34-10.4-29.25-10.3527927839-16.8-13.2-20.2-23.4-4.1-22.7-4.0999999997
8.7-22.1-15.56-11.44-10.3-29.65-10.2696233144-17.1-13.4-20.6-23.9-4-23.1-3.9999999998
8.8-22.4-15.76-11.54-10.2-30.05-10.1805880855-17.4-13.6-21-24.4-3.9-23.5-3.8999999999
8.9-22.7-15.96-11.64-10.1-30.45-10.0876514436-17.7-13.8-21.4-24.9-3.8-23.9-3.8
9-23-16.16-11.74-10-30.85-9.9921678881-18-14-21.8-25.4-3.7-24.3-3.7
9.1-23.3-16.36-11.84-9.9-31.25-9.8950418916-18.3-14.2-22.2-25.9-3.6-24.7-3.6
9.2-23.6-16.56-11.94-9.8-31.65-9.796865081-18.6-14.4-22.6-26.4-3.5-25.1-3.5
9.3-23.9-16.76-12.04-9.7-32.05-9.6980193766-18.9-14.6-23-26.9-3.4-25.5-3.4
9.4-24.2-16.96-12.14-9.6-32.45-9.5987492648-19.2-14.8-23.4-27.4-3.3-25.9-3.3
9.5-24.5-17.16-12.24-9.5-32.85-9.4992104226-19.5-15-23.8-27.9-3.2-26.3-3.2
9.6-24.8-17.36-12.34-9.4-33.25-9.3995016445-19.8-15.2-24.2-28.4-3.1-26.7-3.1
9.7-25.1-17.56-12.44-9.3-33.65-9.299685493-20.1-15.4-24.6-28.9-3-27.1-3
9.8-25.4-17.76-12.54-9.2-34.05-9.1998015333-20.4-15.6-25-29.4-2.9-27.5-2.9
9.9-25.7-17.96-12.64-9.1-34.45-9.0998747656-20.7-15.8-25.4-29.9-2.8-27.9-2.8
10-26-18.16-12.74-9-34.85-8.9999209783-21-16-25.8-30.4-2.7-28.3-2.7
10.1-26.3-18.36-12.84-8.9-35.25-8.899950139-21.3-16.2-26.2-30.9-2.6-28.7-2.6
10.2-26.6-18.56-12.94-8.8-35.65-8.7999685392-21.6-16.4-26.6-31.4-2.5-29.1-2.5
10.3-26.9-18.76-13.04-8.7-36.05-8.6999801493-21.9-16.6-27-31.9-2.4-29.5-2.4
10.4-27.2-18.96-13.14-8.6-36.45-8.599987475-22.2-16.8-27.4-32.4-2.3-29.9-2.3
10.5-27.5-19.16-13.24-8.5-36.85-8.4999920972-22.5-17-27.8-32.9-2.2-30.3-2.2
10.6-27.8-19.36-13.34-8.4-37.25-8.3999950137-22.8-17.2-28.2-33.4-2.1-30.7-2.1
10.7-28.1-19.56-13.44-8.3-37.65-8.2999968538-23.1-17.4-28.6-33.9-2-31.1-2
10.8-28.4-19.76-13.54-8.2-38.05-8.1999980149-23.4-17.6-29-34.4-1.9-31.5-1.9
10.9-28.7-19.96-13.64-8.1-38.45-8.0999987475-23.7-17.8-29.4-34.9-1.8-31.9-1.8
11-29-20.16-13.74-8-38.85-7.9999992097-24-18-29.8-35.4-1.7-32.3-1.7
11.1-29.3-20.36-13.84-7.9-39.25-7.8999995014-24.3-18.2-30.2-35.9-1.6-32.7-1.6
11.2-29.6-20.56-13.94-7.8-39.65-7.7999996854-24.6-18.4-30.6-36.4-1.5-33.1-1.5
11.3-29.9-20.76-14.04-7.7-40.05-7.6999998015-24.9-18.6-31-36.9-1.4-33.5-1.4
11.4-30.2-20.96-14.14-7.6-40.45-7.5999998747-25.2-18.8-31.4-37.4-1.3-33.9-1.3
11.5-30.5-21.16-14.24-7.5-40.85-7.499999921-25.5-19-31.8-37.9-1.2-34.3-1.2
11.6-30.8-21.36-14.34-7.4-41.25-7.3999999501-25.8-19.2-32.2-38.4-1.1-34.7-1.1
11.7-31.1-21.56-14.44-7.3-41.65-7.2999999685-26.1-19.4-32.6-38.9-1-35.1-1
11.8-31.4-21.76-14.54-7.2-42.05-7.1999999801-26.4-19.6-33-39.4-0.9-35.5-0.9
11.9-31.7-21.96-14.64-7.1-42.45-7.0999999875-26.7-19.8-33.4-39.9-0.8-35.9-0.8
12-32-22.16-14.74-7-42.85-6.9999999921-27-20-33.8-40.4-0.7-36.3-0.7
12.1-32.3-22.36-14.84-6.9-43.25-6.899999995-27.3-20.2-34.2-40.9-0.6-36.7-0.6
12.2-32.6-22.56-14.94-6.8-43.65-6.7999999969-27.6-20.4-34.6-41.4-0.5-37.1-0.5
12.3-32.9-22.76-15.04-6.7-44.05-6.699999998-27.9-20.6-35-41.9-0.4-37.5-0.4
12.4-33.2-22.96-15.14-6.6-44.45-6.5999999987-28.2-20.8-35.4-42.4-0.3-37.9-0.3
12.5-33.5-23.16-15.24-6.5-44.85-6.4999999992-28.5-21-35.8-42.9-0.2-38.3-0.2
12.6-33.8-23.36-15.34-6.4-45.25-6.3999999995-28.8-21.2-36.2-43.4-0.1-38.7-0.1
12.7-34.1-23.56-15.44-6.3-45.65-6.2999999997-29.1-21.4-36.6-43.9-0-39.1-0
12.8-34.4-23.76-15.54-6.2-46.05-6.1999999998-29.4-21.6-37-44.40.1-39.50.1
12.9-34.7-23.96-15.64-6.1-46.45-6.0999999999-29.7-21.8-37.4-44.90.2-39.90.2
13-35-24.16-15.74-6-46.85-5.9999999999-30-22-37.8-45.40.3-40.30.3
pHAl+3AlOH+2Al7OH17+4Al13OH34+5ALOH4-1Al2OH2+4AL Total
30-22.24.6-9.7-0.35.7162001117
3.1-0.3-2.21.84.1-9.6-0.75.2167828157
3.2-0.6-2.41.43.6-9.5-1.14.7175154513
3.3-0.9-2.613.1-9.4-1.54.2184362942
3.4-1.2-2.80.62.6-9.3-1.93.7195932181
3.5-1.5-30.22.1-9.2-2.33.2210460051
3.6-1.8-3.2-0.21.6-9.1-2.72.7228691568
3.7-2.1-3.4-0.61.1-9-3.12.225155288
3.8-2.4-3.6-10.6-8.9-3.51.7280191806
3.9-2.7-3.8-1.40.1-8.8-3.91.2316025621
4-3-4-1.8-0.4-8.7-4.30.7360796545
4.1-3.3-4.2-2.2-0.9-8.6-4.70.2416634989
4.2-3.6-4.4-2.6-1.4-8.5-5.1-0.2513869756
4.3-3.9-4.6-3-1.9-8.4-5.5-0.742759195
4.4-4.2-4.8-3.4-2.4-8.3-5.9-1.2320785088
4.5-4.5-5-3.8-2.9-8.2-6.3-1.7188988735
4.6-4.8-5.2-4.2-3.4-8.1-6.7-2.2026918574
4.7-5.1-5.4-4.6-3.9-8-7.1-2.6828318686
4.8-5.4-5.6-5-4.4-7.9-7.5-3.1585728783
4.9-5.7-5.8-5.4-4.9-7.8-7.9-3.6290066109
5-6-6-5.8-5.4-7.7-8.3-4.0929806873
5.1-6.3-6.2-6.2-5.9-7.6-8.7-4.5489268352
5.2-6.6-6.4-6.6-6.4-7.5-9.1-4.9944717021
5.3-6.9-6.6-7-6.9-7.4-9.5-5.4254909942
5.4-7.2-6.8-7.4-7.4-7.3-9.9-5.8337839559
5.5-7.5-7-7.8-7.9-7.2-10.3-6.2021019815
5.6-7.8-7.2-8.2-8.4-7.1-10.7-6.4983464546
5.7-8.1-7.4-8.6-8.9-7-11.1-6.6843697004
5.8-8.4-7.6-9-9.4-6.9-11.5-6.7515995319
5.9-8.7-7.8-9.4-9.9-6.8-11.9-6.7334379881
6-9-8-9.8-10.4-6.7-12.3-6.6701160407
6.1-9.3-8.2-10.2-10.9-6.6-12.7-6.5863045364
6.2-9.6-8.4-10.6-11.4-6.5-13.1-6.4935775592
6.3-9.9-8.6-11-11.9-6.4-13.5-6.3969299525
6.4-10.2-8.8-11.4-12.4-6.3-13.9-6.2985113683
6.5-10.5-9-11.8-12.9-6.2-14.3-6.1992708571
6.6-10.8-9.2-12.2-13.4-6.1-14.7-6.0996403616
6.7-11.1-9.4-12.6-13.9-6-15.1-5.9998217648
6.8-11.4-9.6-13-14.4-5.9-15.5-5.899911378
6.9-11.7-9.8-13.4-14.9-5.8-15.9-5.799955836
7-12-10-13.8-15.4-5.7-16.3-5.6999779568
7.1-12.3-10.2-14.2-15.9-5.6-16.7-5.5999889857
7.2-12.6-10.4-14.6-16.4-5.5-17.1-5.4999944922
7.3-12.9-10.6-15-16.9-5.4-17.5-5.3999972442
7.4-13.2-10.8-15.4-17.4-5.3-17.9-5.2999986206
7.5-13.5-11-15.8-17.9-5.2-18.3-5.1999993093
7.6-13.8-11.2-16.2-18.4-5.1-18.7-5.0999996541
7.7-14.1-11.4-16.6-18.9-5-19.1-4.9999998267
7.8-14.4-11.6-17-19.4-4.9-19.5-4.8999999132
7.9-14.7-11.8-17.4-19.9-4.8-19.9-4.7999999565
8-15-12-17.8-20.4-4.7-20.3-4.6999999782
8.1-15.3-12.2-18.2-20.9-4.6-20.7-4.5999999891
8.2-15.6-12.4-18.6-21.4-4.5-21.1-4.4999999945
8.3-15.9-12.6-19-21.9-4.4-21.5-4.3999999973
8.4-16.2-12.8-19.4-22.4-4.3-21.9-4.2999999986
8.5-16.5-13-19.8-22.9-4.2-22.3-4.1999999993
8.6-16.8-13.2-20.2-23.4-4.1-22.7-4.0999999997
8.7-17.1-13.4-20.6-23.9-4-23.1-3.9999999998
8.8-17.4-13.6-21-24.4-3.9-23.5-3.8999999999
8.9-17.7-13.8-21.4-24.9-3.8-23.9-3.8
9-18-14-21.8-25.4-3.7-24.3-3.7
9.1-18.3-14.2-22.2-25.9-3.6-24.7-3.6
9.2-18.6-14.4-22.6-26.4-3.5-25.1-3.5
9.3-18.9-14.6-23-26.9-3.4-25.5-3.4
9.4-19.2-14.8-23.4-27.4-3.3-25.9-3.3
9.5-19.5-15-23.8-27.9-3.2-26.3-3.2
9.6-19.8-15.2-24.2-28.4-3.1-26.7-3.1
9.7-20.1-15.4-24.6-28.9-3-27.1-3
9.8-20.4-15.6-25-29.4-2.9-27.5-2.9
9.9-20.7-15.8-25.4-29.9-2.8-27.9-2.8
10-21-16-25.8-30.4-2.7-28.3-2.7
10.1-21.3-16.2-26.2-30.9-2.6-28.7-2.6
10.2-21.6-16.4-26.6-31.4-2.5-29.1-2.5
10.3-21.9-16.6-27-31.9-2.4-29.5-2.4
10.4-22.2-16.8-27.4-32.4-2.3-29.9-2.3
10.5-22.5-17-27.8-32.9-2.2-30.3-2.2
10.6-22.8-17.2-28.2-33.4-2.1-30.7-2.1
10.7-23.1-17.4-28.6-33.9-2-31.1-2
10.8-23.4-17.6-29-34.4-1.9-31.5-1.9
10.9-23.7-17.8-29.4-34.9-1.8-31.9-1.8
11-24-18-29.8-35.4-1.7-32.3-1.7
11.1-24.3-18.2-30.2-35.9-1.6-32.7-1.6
11.2-24.6-18.4-30.6-36.4-1.5-33.1-1.5
11.3-24.9-18.6-31-36.9-1.4-33.5-1.4
11.4-25.2-18.8-31.4-37.4-1.3-33.9-1.3
11.5-25.5-19-31.8-37.9-1.2-34.3-1.2
11.6-25.8-19.2-32.2-38.4-1.1-34.7-1.1
11.7-26.1-19.4-32.6-38.9-1-35.1-1
11.8-26.4-19.6-33-39.4-0.9-35.5-0.9
11.9-26.7-19.8-33.4-39.9-0.8-35.9-0.8
12-27-20-33.8-40.4-0.7-36.3-0.7
12.1-27.3-20.2-34.2-40.9-0.6-36.7-0.6
12.2-27.6-20.4-34.6-41.4-0.5-37.1-0.5
12.3-27.9-20.6-35-41.9-0.4-37.5-0.4
12.4-28.2-20.8-35.4-42.4-0.3-37.9-0.3
12.5-28.5-21-35.8-42.9-0.2-38.3-0.2
12.6-28.8-21.2-36.2-43.4-0.1-38.7-0.1
12.7-29.1-21.4-36.6-43.9-0-39.1-0
12.8-29.4-21.6-37-44.40.1-39.50.1
12.9-29.7-21.8-37.4-44.90.2-39.90.2
13-30-22-37.8-45.40.3-40.30.3
pHFe TotalAl Total
3-4.08998795795.7162001117
3.1-4.29911149965.2167828157
3.2-4.50519026174.7175154513
3.3-4.70848086974.2184362942
3.4-4.90913303773.7195932181
3.5-5.10719315483.2210460051
3.6-5.30260843632.7228691568
3.7-5.49523191722.225155288
3.8-5.68482912531.7280191806
3.9-5.87108771771.2316025621
4-6.0536316010.7360796545
4.1-6.23204092770.2416634989
4.2-6.405878722-0.2513869756
4.3-6.5747236341-0.742759195
4.4-6.7382065807-1.2320785088
4.5-6.8960471937-1.7188988735
4.6-7.0480847393-2.2026918574
4.7-7.1942981819-2.6828318686
4.8-7.3348116632-3.1585728783
4.9-7.4698845278-3.6290066109
5-7.5998882061-4.0929806873
5.1-7.7252746674-4.5489268352
5.2-7.8465420712-4.9944717021
5.3-7.9642026369-5.4254909942
5.4-8.0787561612-5.8337839559
5.5-8.1906707432-6.2021019815
5.6-8.3003707127-6.4983464546
5.7-8.4082307404-6.6843697004
5.8-8.5145746625-6.7515995319
5.9-8.6196775102-6.7334379881
6-8.7237694316-6.6701160407
6.1-8.8270404813-6.5863045364
6.2-8.9296455244-6.4935775592
6.3-9.0317087284-6.3969299525
6.4-9.1333272484-6.2985113683
6.5-9.2345737709-6.1992708571
6.6-9.3354975347-6.0996403616
6.7-9.4361233053-5.9998217648
6.8-9.5364474936-5.899911378
6.9-9.6364301512-5.799955836
7-9.7359808637-5.6999779568
7.1-9.8349355342-5.5999889857
7.2-9.9330196566-5.4999944922
7.3-10.0297920477-5.3999972442
7.4-10.1245617538-5.2999986206
7.5-10.2162717825-5.1999993093
7.6-10.3033506058-5.0999996541
7.7-10.3835536832-4.9999998267
7.8-10.4538613871-4.8999999132
7.9-10.5105629352-4.7999999565
8-10.5496904195-4.6999999782
8.1-10.5678645695-4.5999999891
8.2-10.5633091654-4.4999999945
8.3-10.5364882031-4.3999999973
8.4-10.4899335081-4.2999999986
8.5-10.4273854763-4.1999999993
8.6-10.3527927839-4.0999999997
8.7-10.2696233144-3.9999999998
8.8-10.1805880855-3.8999999999
8.9-10.0876514436-3.8
9-9.9921678881-3.7
9.1-9.8950418916-3.6
9.2-9.796865081-3.5
9.3-9.6980193766-3.4
9.4-9.5987492648-3.3
9.5-9.4992104226-3.2
9.6-9.3995016445-3.1
9.7-9.299685493-3
9.8-9.1998015333-2.9
9.9-9.0998747656-2.8
10-8.9999209783-2.7
10.1-8.899950139-2.6
10.2-8.7999685392-2.5
10.3-8.6999801493-2.4
10.4-8.599987475-2.3
10.5-8.4999920972-2.2
10.6-8.3999950137-2.1
10.7-8.2999968538-2
10.8-8.1999980149-1.9
10.9-8.0999987475-1.8
11-7.9999992097-1.7
11.1-7.8999995014-1.6
11.2-7.7999996854-1.5
11.3-7.6999998015-1.4
11.4-7.5999998747-1.3
11.5-7.499999921-1.2
11.6-7.3999999501-1.1
11.7-7.2999999685-1
11.8-7.1999999801-0.9
11.9-7.0999999875-0.8
12-6.9999999921-0.7
12.1-6.899999995-0.6
12.2-6.7999999969-0.5
12.3-6.699999998-0.4
12.4-6.5999999987-0.3
12.5-6.4999999992-0.2
12.6-6.3999999995-0.1
12.7-6.2999999997-0
12.8-6.19999999980.1
12.9-6.09999999990.2
13-5.99999999990.3
Titulao de uma amostra com sulfato de alumnio ou cloreto frrico
pH da amostra=7.4
Alcalinidade (mg/l como CaCO3)=15
Alcalinidade (eq/litro)=3.00E-04
Temperatura da amostra (C)=25
Temperatura da amostra (K)=298.15
Calculo das constantes de equilbrio do cido carbnico
K1=4.456E-07
K2=4.435E-11
Kw=9.275E-15
Clculo dos valores de alfa 1 e alfa 2 iniciais
Alfa 1=0.9170400504
Alfa 2=0.001021546
Clculo da concentrao de carbono inorgnico inicial total
CTinicial=3.262E-04
Clculo para o cloreto frrico
pH[H+]K1K2KWALFA 1ALFA 2Fe+3Fe(OH)+2Fe(OH)2+1Fe(OH)4-1Fe2(OH)2+4Cb-CaC inorg TCt(alfa1+2*alfa2)Cl-Dos FeCl3*6H2OFe AplicadoFe SoluvelVol Lodo (mg/l)
7.43.981E-080.0000004456000.91704005040.001021546000003.00E-043.262E-042.998E-040.000E+0000.000E+0000
7.26.310E-080.0000004456000.87541559660.0006152957000.0000000001003.00E-043.262E-042.859E-041.399E-051.26006914134.663E-060.00000000010.4982759679
71.000E-070.0000004456000.81640455540.0003620554000.0000000002003.00E-043.262E-042.665E-043.349E-053.01667557011.116E-050.00000000021.1929131752
6.81.585E-070.0000004456000.73746727640.0002063538000.0000000004003.00E-043.262E-042.407E-045.943E-055.35305061051.981E-050.00000000042.1168132415
6.62.512E-070.0000004456000.63940950920.0001128882000.0000000006003.00E-043.262E-042.086E-049.159E-058.24940400383.053E-050.00000000063.2621469593
6.43.981E-070.0000004456000.52808879510.000058827000.0000000009003.00E-043.262E-041.723E-041.281E-0411.53723255274.270E-050.00000000094.5622749184
6.26.310E-070.0000004456000.41387516860.0000290897000.0000000014003.00E-043.262E-041.350E-041.656E-0414.91592082455.520E-050.00000000155.8983108755
61.000E-060.0000004456000.308219710.000013668800.00000000010.0000000023003.00E-043.262E-041.005E-042.005E-0418.05437720576.682E-050.00000000247.139311111
5.81.585E-060.0000004456000.21943522220.000006140100.00000000020.0000000036003.00E-043.262E-047.157E-052.300E-0420.71608689397.667E-050.00000000388.1917218793
5.62.512E-060.0000004456000.15065500860.000002659800.00000000050.0000000057003.00E-043.262E-044.914E-052.534E-0422.82071655628.446E-050.00000000639.0237320257
5.43.981E-060.0000004456000.1006531730.000001121200.00000000140.0000000091003.00E-043.262E-043.283E-052.712E-0424.42256069999.039E-050.00000001059.6567313932
5.26.310E-060.0000004456000.06595793130.000000463600.00000000350.0000000144003.00E-043.262E-042.151E-052.848E-0425.65245876619.494E-050.000000017810.1423023297
51.000E-050.0000004456000.04265492910.000000189200.00000000870.0000000228003.00E-043.262E-041.391E-052.961E-0426.6711583539.871E-050.000000031510.5436871069
Clculo para o sulfato de alumnio
pH[H+]K1K2KWALFA 1ALFA 2Al+3Al(OH)+2Al7(OH)17+4Al13(OH)34+5Al(OH)4-1Al2(OH)2+4Cb-CaC inorg TCt(alfa1+2*alfa2)SO4-2Dos Al2(SO4)3*18H2OAl aplicadoAl solvelVol Lodo (mg/l)
7.43.981E-080.000000445609.28E-150.91704005040.001021546000.000E+000003.00E-043.262E-042.998E-040.000E+0000.000E+000.000E+000
7.26.310E-080.0000004456000.87541559660.0006152957001.219E-1400.000002933103.00E-043.262E-042.859E-045.529E-061.22760905873.686E-062.933E-060.0586832391
71.000E-070.0000004456000.81640455540.000362055400.00000000017.691E-1400.000001850703.00E-043.262E-042.665E-041.582E-053.51312722981.055E-051.851E-060.67818402
6.81.585E-070.0000004456000.73746727640.000206353800.00000000034.853E-1300.000001167703.00E-043.262E-042.407E-042.913E-056.46898434281.942E-051.168E-061.4234676535
6.62.512E-070.0000004456000.63940950920.000112888200.00000000083.062E-1200.000000736803.00E-043.262E-042.086E-044.543E-0510.08719137853.029E-057.376E-072.3041440649
6.43.981E-070.0000004456000.52808879510.0000588270.00000000010.0000000021.932E-1100.000000464903.00E-043.262E-041.723E-046.382E-0514.17047461034.255E-054.672E-073.281231861
6.26.310E-070.0000004456000.41387516860.00002908970.00000000030.0000000051.219E-100.00000000010.000000293303.00E-043.262E-041.350E-048.266E-0518.35512593675.511E-053.004E-074.2739644512
61.000E-060.0000004456000.308219710.00001366880.00000000130.00000001257.691E-100.00000000070.000000185103.00E-043.262E-041.005E-041.002E-0422.23839836226.677E-052.140E-075.189879126
5.81.585E-060.0000004456000.21943522220.00000614010.0000000050.00000003154.853E-090.00000000750.000000116803.00E-043.262E-047.157E-051.150E-0425.53784312247.667E-052.845E-075.9568631237
5.62.512E-060.0000004456000.15065500860.00000265980.00000001990.00000007913.062E-080.00000007480.000000073703.00E-043.262E-044.914E-051.270E-0428.20100603158.467E-051.360E-066.4965388519
5.43.981E-060.0000004456000.1006531730.00000112120.00000007910.00000019861.932E-070.00000074810.00000004650.00000000023.00E-043.262E-043.283E-051.381E-0430.67034043449.208E-051.140E-056.2915054359
5.26.310E-060.0000004456000.06595793130.00000046360.00000031480.00000049891.219E-060.00000748140.00000002930.00000000123.00E-043.262E-042.151E-051.645E-0436.52620407981.097E-041.066E-040.2361677928
51.000E-050.0000004456000.04265492910.00000018920.00000125310.00000125317.691E-060.00007481420.00000001850.00000000793.00E-043.262E-041.391E-053.536E-0478.51579633762.357E-041.029E-03-61.8560245732
pHFeCl3*6H2O (Alc=100,0)Al2(SO4)3*18H2O (Alc=100,0)FeCl3*6H2O (Alc=15,0)Al2(SO4)3*18H2O (Alc=15,0)
7.40000
7.28.32979246599.94231204811.26006914131.2276090587
720.001634788724.45013821033.01667557013.5131272298
6.835.540330006643.68022471475.35305061056.4689843428
6.654.803617503267.47361584288.249404003810.0871913785
6.476.654772720894.439531249111.537232552714.1704746103
6.299.0706237949122.090902836714.915920824518.3551259367
6119.8157372844147.677540484418.054377205722.2383983622
5.8137.2708794001169.212546083320.716086893925.5378431224
5.6150.835009332186.001600016922.820716556228.2010060315
5.4160.7673499652198.739766639424.422560699930.6703404344
5.2167.7774709961211.720792619525.652458766136.5262040798
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Potencial Zeta
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000000
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#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
#REF!
pH
Log C
Sheet3
0-22.24.6-9.7-0.35.7162001117
-0.3-2.21.84.1-9.6-0.75.2167828157
-0.6-2.41.43.6-9.5-1.14.7175154513
-0.9-2.613.1-9.4-1.54.2184362942
-1.2-2.80.62.6-9.3-1.93.7195932181
-1.5-30.22.1-9.2-2.33.2210460051
-1.8-3.2-0.21.6-9.1-2.72.7228691568
-2.1-3.4-0.61.1-9-3.12.225155288
-2.4-3.6-10.6-8.9-3.51.7280191806
-2.7-3.8-1.40.1-8.8-3.91.2316025621
-3-4-1.8-0.4-8.7-4.30.7360796545
-3.3-4.2-2.2-0.9-8.6-4.70.2416634989
-3.6-4.4-2.6-1.4-8.5-5.1-0.2513869756
-3.9-4.6-3-1.9-8.4-5.5-0.742759195
-4.2-4.8-3.4-2.4-8.3-5.9-1.2320785088
-4.5-5-3.8-2.9-8.2-6.3-1.7188988735
-4.8-5.2-4.2-3.4-8.1-6.7-2.2026918574
-5.1-5.4-4.6-3.9-8-7.1-2.6828318686
-5.4-5.6-5-4.4-7.9-7.5-3.1585728783
-5.7-5.8-5.4-4.9-7.8-7.9-3.6290066109
-6-6-5.8-5.4-7.7-8.3-4.0929806873
-6.3-6.2-6.2-5.9-7.6-8.7-4.5489268352
-6.6-6.4-6.6-6.4-7.5-9.1-4.9944717021
-6.9-6.6-7-6.9-7.4-9.5-5.4254909942
-7.2-6.8-7.4-7.4-7.3-9.9-5.8337839559
-7.5-7-7.8-7.9-7.2-10.3-6.2021019815
-7.8-7.2-8.2-8.4-7.1-10.7-6.4983464546
-8.1-7.4-8.6-8.9-7-11.1-6.6843697004
-8.4-7.6-9-9.4-6.9-11.5-6.7515995319
-8.7-7.8-9.4-9.9-6.8-11.9-6.7334379881
-9-8-9.8-10.4-6.7-12.3-6.6701160407
-9.3-8.2-10.2-10.9-6.6-12.7-6.5863045364
-9.6-8.4-10.6-11.4-6.5-13.1-6.4935775592
-9.9-8.6-11-11.9-6.4-13.5-6.3969299525
-10.2-8.8-11.4-12.4-6.3-13.9-6.2985113683
-10.5-9-11.8-12.9-6.2-14.3-6.1992708571
-10.8-9.2-12.2-13.4-6.1-14.7-6.0996403616
-11.1-9.4-12.6-13.9-6-15.1-5.9998217648
-11.4-9.6-13-14.4-5.9-15.5-5.899911378
-11.7-9.8-13.4-14.9-5.8-15.9-5.799955836
-12-10-13.8-15.4-5.7-16.3-5.6999779568
-12.3-10.2-14.2-15.9-5.6-16.7-5.5999889857
-12.6-10.4-14.6-16.4-5.5-17.1-5.4999944922
-12.9-10.6-15-16.9-5.4-17.5-5.3999972442
-13.2-10.8-15.4-17.4-5.3-17.9-5.2999986206
-13.5-11-15.8-17.9-5.2-18.3-5.1999993093
-13.8-11.2-16.2-18.4-5.1-18.7-5.0999996541
-14.1-11.4-16.6-18.9-5-19.1-4.9999998267
-14.4-11.6-17-19.4-4.9-19.5-4.8999999132
-14.7-11.8-17.4-19.9-4.8-19.9-4.7999999565
-15-12-17.8-20.4-4.7-20.3-4.6999999782
-15.3-12.2-18.2-20.9-4.6-20.7-4.5999999891
-15.6-12.4-18.6-21.4-4.5-21.1-4.4999999945
-15.9-12.6-19-21.9-4.4-21.5-4.3999999973
-16.2-12.8-19.4-22.4-4.3-21.9-4.2999999986
-16.5-13-19.8-22.9-4.2-22.3-4.1999999993
-16.8-13.2-20.2-23.4-4.1-22.7-4.0999999997
-17.1-13.4-20.6-23.9-4-23.1-3.9999999998
-17.4-13.6-21-24.4-3.9-23.5-3.8999999999
-17.7-13.8-21.4-24.9-3.8-23.9-3.8
-18-14-21.8-25.4-3.7-24.3-3.7
-18.3-14.2-22.2-25.9-3.6-24.7-3.6
-18.6-14.4-22.6-26.4-3.5-25.1-3.5
-18.9-14.6-23-26.9-3.4-25.5-3.4
-19.2-14.8-23.4-27.4-3.3-25.9-3.3
-19.5-15-23.8-27.9-3.2-26.3-3.2
-19.8-15.2-24.2-28.4-3.1-26.7-3.1
-20.1-15.4-24.6-28.9-3-27.1-3
-20.4-15.6-25-29.4-2.9-27.5-2.9
-20.7-15.8-25.4-29.9-2.8-27.9-2.8
-21-16-25.8-30.4-2.7-28.3-2.7
-21.3-16.2-26.2-30.9-2.6-28.7-2.6
-21.6-16.4-26.6-31.4-2.5-29.1-2.5
-21.9-16.6-27-31.9-2.4-29.5-2.4
-22.2-16.8-27.4-32.4-2.3-29.9-2.3
-22.5-17-27.8-32.9-2.2-30.3-2.2
-22.8-17.2-28.2-33.4-2.1-30.7-2.1
-23.1-17.4-28.6-33.9-2-31.1-2
-23.4-17.6-29-34.4-1.9-31.5-1.9
-23.7-17.8-29.4-34.9-1.8-31.9-1.8
-24-18-29.8-35.4-1.7-32.3-1.7
-24.3-18.2-30.2-35.9-1.6-32.7-1.6
-24.6-18.4-30.6-36.4-1.5-33.1-1.5
-24.9-18.6-31-36.9-1.4-33.5-1.4
-25.2-18.8-31.4-37.4-1.3-33.9-1.3
-25.5-19-31.8-37.9-1.2-34.3-1.2
-25.8-19.2-32.2-38.4-1.1-34.7-1.1
-26.1-19.4-32.6-38.9-1-35.1-1
-26.4-19.6-33-39.4-0.9-35.5-0.9
-26.7-19.8-33.4-39.9-0.8-35.9-0.8
-27-20-33.8-40.4-0.7-36.3-0.7
-27.3-20.2-34.2-40.9-0.6-36.7-0.6
-27.6-20.4-34.6-41.4-0.5-37.1-0.5
-27.9-20.6-35-41.9-0.4-37.5-0.4
-28.2-20.8-35.4-42.4-0.3-37.9-0.3
-28.5-21-35.8-42.9-0.2-38.3-0.2
-28.8-21.2-36.2-43.4-0.1-38.7-0.1
-29.1-21.4-36.6-43.9-0-39.1-0
-29.4-21.6-37-44.40.1-39.50.1
-29.7-21.8-37.4-44.90.2-39.90.2
-30-22-37.8-45.40.3-40.30.3
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Al+3
AlOH+2
Al7OH17+4
Al13OH34+5
ALOH4-1
Al2OH2+4
AL Total
pH
Log C
Sheet4
-4.08998795795.7162001117
-4.29911149965.2167828157
-4.50519026174.7175154513
-4.70848086974.2184362942
-4.90913303773.7195932181
-5.10719315483.2210460051
-5.30260843632.7228691568
-5.49523191722.225155288
-5.68482912531.7280191806
-5.87108771771.2316025621
-6.0536316010.7360796545
-6.23204092770.2416634989
-6.405878722-0.2513869756
-6.5747236341-0.742759195
-6.7382065807-1.2320785088
-6.8960471937-1.7188988735
-7.0480847393-2.2026918574
-7.1942981819-2.6828318686
-7.3348116632-3.1585728783
-7.4698845278-3.6290066109
-7.5998882061-4.0929806873
-7.7252746674-4.5489268352
-7.8465420712-4.9944717021
-7.9642026369-5.4254909942
-8.0787561612-5.8337839559
-8.1906707432-6.2021019815
-8.3003707127-6.4983464546
-8.4082307404-6.6843697004
-8.5145746625-6.7515995319
-8.6196775102-6.7334379881
-8.7237694316-6.6701160407
-8.8270404813-6.5863045364
-8.9296455244-6.4935775592
-9.0317087284-6.3969299525
-9.1333272484-6.2985113683
-9.2345737709-6.1992708571
-9.3354975347-6.0996403616
-9.4361233053-5.9998217648
-9.5364474936-5.899911378
-9.6364301512-5.799955836
-9.7359808637-5.6999779568
-9.8349355342-5.5999889857
-9.9330196566-5.4999944922
-10.0297920477-5.3999972442
-10.1245617538-5.2999986206
-10.2162717825-5.1999993093
-10.3033506058-5.0999996541
-10.3835536832-4.9999998267
-10.4538613871-4.8999999132
-10.5105629352-4.7999999565
-10.5496904195-4.6999999782
-10.5678645695-4.5999999891
-10.5633091654-4.4999999945
-10.5364882031-4.3999999973
-10.4899335081-4.2999999986
-10.4273854763-4.1999999993
-10.3527927839-4.0999999997
-10.2696233144-3.9999999998
-10.1805880855-3.8999999999
-10.0876514436-3.8
-9.9921678881-3.7
-9.8950418916-3.6
-9.796865081-3.5
-9.6980193766-3.4
-9.5987492648-3.3
-9.4992104226-3.2
-9.3995016445-3.1
-9.299685493-3
-9.1998015333-2.9
-9.0998747656-2.8
-8.9999209783-2.7
-8.899950139-2.6
-8.7999685392-2.5
-8.6999801493-2.4
-8.599987475-2.3
-8.4999920972-2.2
-8.3999950137-2.1
-8.2999968538-2
-8.1999980149-1.9
-8.0999987475-1.8
-7.9999992097-1.7
-7.8999995014-1.6
-7.7999996854-1.5
-7.6999998015-1.4
-7.5999998747-1.3
-7.499999921-1.2
-7.3999999501-1.1
-7.2999999685-1
-7.1999999801-0.9
-7.0999999875-0.8
-6.9999999921-0.7
-6.899999995-0.6
-6.7999999969-0.5
-6.699999998-0.4
-6.5999999987-0.3
-6.4999999992-0.2
-6.3999999995-0.1
-6.2999999997-0
-6.19999999980.1
-6.09999999990.2
-5.99999999990.3
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Fe Total
Al Total
pH
Log (Al ou Fe)
Diagrama de Solubilidade do Alumnio e do Ferro
Sheet5
0000
8.32979246599.94231204811.26006914131.2276090587
20.001634788724.45013821033.01667557013.5131272298
35.540330006643.68022471475.35305061056.4689843428
54.803617503267.47361584288.249404003810.0871913785
76.654772720894.439531249111.537232552714.1704746103
99.0706237949122.090902836714.915920824518.3551259367
119.8157372844147.677540484418.054377205722.2383983622
137.2708794001169.212546083320.716086893925.5378431224
150.835009332186.001600016922.820716556228.2010060315
160.7673499652198.739766639424.422560699930.6703404344
167.7774709961211.720792619525.652458766136.5262040798
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FeCl3*6H2O (Alc=100,0)
Al2(SO4)3*18H2O (Alc=100,0)
FeCl3*6H2O (Alc=15,0)
Al2(SO4)3*18H2O (Alc=15,0)
pH
Dosagem de coagulante (mg/l)
Sheet6
Variao do Potencial Zeta com o pH
pHPotencial Zeta (mV)
36.6
4-10.2
4.84-26.1
6-29
6.97-30.6
8-35.2
9-42
Dosagem de Ca+2pH=4,0pH=5,0pH=6,0pH=7,0pH=8,0pH=9,0
0-18.8-22.5-27.2-28.4-30.3-31.8
10-14.3-19.3-20-22.1-23.8-25.9
20-10.8-15.6-17-19.6-20.2-22.9
30-10.8-15.6-17-19.5-19.8-22.8
60-10.8-15.5-16.9-19.4-20-22.9
Dosagem de Ca+2pH=4,0pH=5,0pH=6,0pH=7,0pH=8,0pH=9,0
0-10.2-26.1-29-30.6-35.2-42
3-5-12.4-25.7-27.5-31.2-38.2
61.4-2.8-11.9-19.4-31.7-38.1
912.47.8-4.7-14.9-27.9-33.7
121917.65.7-11.5-24.4-31
1520.318.46.8-4.3-16.4-29
1822.220.811.62-11.3-25.4
2122.321.2200.4-7.8-21.9
2522.422.521.13.6-5-19.1
3022.422.422.33-22.6-35.3
4022.222.522.22.2-24.3-35.1
5022.422.322.22.9-22.4-35.1
6022.222.222.33.4-23.3-33.3
Variao do Potencial Zeta da gua Decantada com o pH
pHPotencial Zeta (mV)
323.2
416.7
55
6-2.2
7-25.4
8-35.9
9-41.3
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0
0
0
0
0
0
0
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Potencial Zeta (mV)
pH
Potencial Zeta (mV)
gua Bruta - ETA GuaraVariao do Potencial Zeta com o pH
Sheet7
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
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pH=4,0
pH=5,0
pH=6,0
pH=7,0
pH=8,0
pH=9,0
Concentrao de ons Ca+2
Potencial Zeta (mV)
Sheet8
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
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pH=4,0
pH=5,0
pH=6,0
pH=7,0
pH=8,0
pH=9,0
Dosagem de Coagulante (Al2(SO4)3.18H2O)
Potencial Zeta (mV)
Sheet9
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
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Potencial Zeta (mV)
pH
Potencial Zeta (mV)
gua Decantada - ETA GuaraVariao do Potencial Zeta com o pH
Sheet10
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Sheet12
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Sheet13
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Sheet14
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Sheet15
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Sheet16
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COAGULAODefinio: Operao unitria responsvel pela desestabilizao das partculas coloidais em um sistema aquoso, preparando-as para a sua remoo nas etapas subseqentes do processo de tratamento.
COAGULAO Dimetro das partculasFreqncia relativagua bruta gua coagulada
SISTEMAS COLOIDAISColides liofbicos: So aqueles que formam um sistema heterogneo com o solvente (Sistema Bifsico). Desta forma, distingue-se uma fase contnua (solvente) e uma fase dispersa (colides). Uma vez que predomina um sistema bifsico, pode-se definir uma rea de interface.
SISTEMAS COLOIDAISColides lioflicos: So aqueles que formam um sistema homogneo com o solvente (Sistema Unifsico). Desta forma, distingue-se uma nica fase contnua tendo o solvente e o sistema coloidal como soluto.
ESTABILIDADE DE SISTEMAS COLOIDAISQuando a fase contnua a gua, os sistemas coloidais so denominados hidrofbicos e hidroflicos.
ESTABILIDADE DE SISTEMAS COLOIDAISSistemas coloidais hidrofbicos: So sistemas instveis, pois as interaes com o solvente so pequenas.
ESTABILIDADE DE SISTEMAS COLOIDAISSistemas coloidais hidroflicos: So sistemas estveis, as interaes com o solvente so tais que previnem o sistema contra alteraes em sua estrutura global.
CARACTERSTICAS DOS SISTEMAS COLOIDAISMovimento Browniano: Bombardeamento pelas molculas de gua.Efeito Tyndall: Propriedade de dispersar a luz. A quantificao desta propriedade de um sistema coloidal denominada nefelometria.Comportamento Eltrico: Existncia de cargas negativas e positivas na superfcie do colide (Eletroforese).
TEORIA DA DUPLA CAMADA
TEORIA DA DUPLA CAMADAESTABILIDADE COLOIDAL
TEORIA DA DUPLA CAMADAESTABILIDADE COLOIDAL
ESTABILIDADE COLOIDAL
O PROCESSO DE COAGULAOMecanismos de desestabilizao de partculas coloidaisCompresso da dupla camadaAdsoro-neutralizaoVarreduraPonte interparticular
COAGULANTES EMPREGADOS EM ENGENHARIA AMBIENTALSulfato de alumnio (slido ou lquido) Cloreto frrico (lquido) Sulfato frrico (lquido) Cloreto de polialumnio (slido ou lquido) Coagulantes orgnicos catinicos (slido ou lquido)
DOSAGENS DE COAGULANTE USUALMENTE EMPREGADOS NO TRATAMENTO DE GUAS DE ABASTECIMENTOSulfato de alumnio (5 mg/l a 100 mg/l)Cloreto frrico (5 mg/l a 70 mg/l)Sulfato frrico (8 mg/l a 80 mg/l)Coagulantes orgnicos catinicos (1 mg/l a 4 mg/l)
O PROCESSO DE COAGULAOCompresso da dupla camada
O PROCESSO DE COAGULAOPorque a compresso da dupla camada incompleto no que tange explicao do mecanismo de desestabilizao de partculas coloidais ?
So desprezados os efeitos entre o coagulante e o solvente, bem como da partcula coloidal e o solvente
COAGULAO: REAES QUMICASALUMNIO
COAGULAO: REAES QUMICASFERRO
DIAGRAMA DE SOLUBILIDADE DO FERRO E ALUMNIO EM MEIO AQUOSO
Grf21
-4.08998795795.7162001117
-4.29911149965.2167828157
-4.50519026174.7175154513
-4.70848086974.2184362942
-4.90913303773.7195932181
-5.10719315483.2210460051
-5.30260843632.7228691568
-5.49523191722.225155288
-5.68482912531.7280191806
-5.87108771771.2316025621
-6.0536316010.7360796545
-6.23204092770.2416634989
-6.405878722-0.2513869756
-6.5747236341-0.742759195
-6.7382065807-1.2320785088
-6.8960471937-1.7188988735
-7.0480847393-2.2026918574
-7.1942981819-2.6828318686
-7.3348116632-3.1585728783
-7.4698845278-3.6290066109
-7.5998882061-4.0929806873
-7.7252746674-4.5489268352
-7.8465420712-4.9944717021
-7.9642026369-5.4254909942
-8.0787561612-5.8337839559
-8.1906707432-6.2021019815
-8.3003707127-6.4983464546
-8.4082307404-6.6843697004
-8.5145746625-6.7515995319
-8.6196775102-6.7334379881
-8.7237694316-6.6701160407
-8.8270404813-6.5863045364
-8.9296455244-6.4935775592
-9.0317087284-6.3969299525
-9.1333272484-6.2985113683
-9.2345737709-6.1992708571
-9.3354975347-6.0996403616
-9.4361233053-5.9998217648
-9.5364474936-5.899911378
-9.6364301512-5.799955836
-9.7359808637-5.6999779568
-9.8349355342-5.5999889857
-9.9330196566-5.4999944922
-10.0297920477-5.3999972442
-10.1245617538-5.2999986206
-10.2162717825-5.1999993093
-10.3033506058-5.0999996541
-10.3835536832-4.9999998267
-10.4538613871-4.8999999132
-10.5105629352-4.7999999565
-10.5496904195-4.6999999782
-10.5678645695-4.5999999891
-10.5633091654-4.4999999945
-10.5364882031-4.3999999973
-10.4899335081-4.2999999986
-10.4273854763-4.1999999993
-10.3527927839-4.0999999997
-10.2696233144-3.9999999998
-10.1805880855-3.8999999999
-10.0876514436-3.8
-9.9921678881-3.7
-9.8950418916-3.6
-9.796865081-3.5
-9.6980193766-3.4
-9.5987492648-3.3
-9.4992104226-3.2
-9.3995016445-3.1
-9.299685493-3
-9.1998015333-2.9
-9.0998747656-2.8
-8.9999209783-2.7
-8.899950139-2.6
-8.7999685392-2.5
-8.6999801493-2.4
-8.599987475-2.3
-8.4999920972-2.2
-8.3999950137-2.1
-8.2999968538-2
-8.1999980149-1.9
-8.0999987475-1.8
-7.9999992097-1.7
-7.8999995014-1.6
-7.7999996854-1.5
-7.6999998015-1.4
-7.5999998747-1.3
-7.499999921-1.2
-7.3999999501-1.1
-7.2999999685-1
-7.1999999801-0.9
-7.0999999875-0.8
-6.9999999921-0.7
-6.899999995-0.6
-6.7999999969-0.5
-6.699999998-0.4
-6.5999999987-0.3
-6.4999999992-0.2
-6.3999999995-0.1
-6.2999999997-0
-6.19999999980.1
-6.09999999990.2
-5.99999999990.3
Fe Total
Al Total
pH
Log (Al ou Fe)
Sistemas coloidais
Clculo da rea de um Sistema Coloidal
Cp (mg/l)=10
Massa Esp. (Kg/m3)=2,750
Nmero de partculas (por litro)Dimetro das partculas (um)rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
1.00E+031.91E+020.0001143558
1.00E+048.86E+010.000246372
1.00E+054.11E+010.0005307924
1.00E+061.91E+010.0011435576
3.00E+061.32E+010.0016492955
5.00E+061.12E+010.0019554561
8.00E+069.54E+000.0022871153
1.00E+078.86E+000.0024637202
3.00E+076.14E+000.0035532995
5.00E+075.18E+000.0042129024
8.00E+074.43E+000.0049274405
1.00E+084.11E+000.0053079244
3.00E+082.85E+000.0076553516
5.00E+082.40E+000.009076423
8.00E+082.06E+000.0106158487
1.00E+091.91E+000.0114355764
1.00E+108.86E-010.0246372025
1.00E+114.11E-010.0530792436
1.00E+121.91E-010.1143557638
1.00E+138.86E-020.2463720246
1.00E+144.11E-020.5307924364
1.00E+151.91E-021.1435576382
1.00E+168.86E-032.4637202459
1.00E+174.11E-035.3079243643
1.00E+181.91E-0311.4355763825
1.00E+198.86E-0424.6372024589
1.00E+204.11E-0453.0792436427
Dimetro das partculas (um)Nmero de partculas (por litro)rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
190.792148016810000.0001143558
88.5578703776100000.000246372
41.10492222731000000.0005307924
19.079214801710000000.0011435576
13.228788688530000000.0016492955
11.157592502350000000.0019554561
9.539607400880000000.0022871153
8.8557870378100000000.0024637202
6.1402597859300000000.0035532995
5.1788956768500000000.0042129024
4.4278935189800000000.0049274405
4.11049222271000000000.0053079244
2.85005612583000000000.0076553516
2.40383043445000000000.009076423
2.05524611148000000000.0106158487
1.907921480210000000000.0114355764
0.8855787038100000000000.0246372025
0.41104922231000000000000.0530792436
0.19079214810000000000000.1143557638
0.0885578704100000000000000.2463720246
0.04110492221000000000000000.5307924364
0.019079214810000000000000001.1435576382
0.008855787100000000000000002.4637202459
0.00411049221000000000000000005.3079243643
0.0019079215100000000000000000011.4355763825
0.00088557871000000000000000000024.6372024589
0.000411049210000000000000000000053.0792436427
&A
Page &P
Sistemas coloidais
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&A
Page &P
Concentrao de partculas=10,0 mg/lMassa Especfica=2.750 Kg/m3
Dimetro das partculas (um)
rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
Nmero de partculas
Dimetro das partculas (um)
rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
Sistema Coloidal
Aluminio e ferro
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
00
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00
00
00
00
00
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00
00
Concentrao de partculas=10,0 mg/lMassa Especfica=2.750 Kg/m3
Nmero de partculas (por litro)
rea Superficial Total (m2/l)
Dimetro das partculas (um)
Nmero de partculas (#/L)
rea superficial (m2/l)
Potencial Zeta
SOLUBILIDADE DOS COMPOSTOS ALUMNIO E FERRO
As concentraes esto calculadas em log
pHFe+3FeOH+2FeOH2+1FeOH4-1Fe2OH2+4Fe TotalAl+3AlOH+2Al7OH17+4Al13OH34+5ALOH4-1Al2OH2+4AL Total
3-5-4.16-5.74-16-6.85-4.08998795790-22.24.6-9.7-0.35.7162001117
3.1-5.3-4.36-5.84-15.9-7.25-4.2991114996-0.3-2.21.84.1-9.6-0.75.2167828157
3.2-5.6-4.56-5.94-15.8-7.65-4.5051902617-0.6-2.41.43.6-9.5-1.14.7175154513
3.3-5.9-4.76-6.04-15.7-8.05-4.7084808697-0.9-2.613.1-9.4-1.54.2184362942
3.4-6.2-4.96-6.14-15.6-8.45-4.9091330377-1.2-2.80.62.6-9.3-1.93.7195932181
3.5-6.5-5.16-6.24-15.5-8.85-5.1071931548-1.5-30.22.1-9.2-2.33.2210460051
3.6-6.8-5.36-6.34-15.4-9.25-5.3026084363-1.8-3.2-0.21.6-9.1-2.72.7228691568
3.7-7.1-5.56-6.44-15.3-9.65-5.4952319172-2.1-3.4-0.61.1-9-3.12.225155288
3.8-7.4-5.76-6.54-15.2-10.05-5.6848291253-2.4-3.6-10.6-8.9-3.51.7280191806
3.9-7.7-5.96-6.64-15.1-10.45-5.8710877177-2.7-3.8-1.40.1-8.8-3.91.2316025621
4-8-6.16-6.74-15-10.85-6.053631601-3-4-1.8-0.4-8.7-4.30.7360796545
4.1-8.3-6.36-6.84-14.9-11.25-6.2320409277-3.3-4.2-2.2-0.9-8.6-4.70.2416634989
4.2-8.6-6.56-6.94-14.8-11.65-6.405878722-3.6-4.4-2.6-1.4-8.5-5.1-0.2513869756
4.3-8.9-6.76-7.04-14.7-12.05-6.5747236341-3.9-4.6-3-1.9-8.4-5.5-0.742759195
4.4-9.2-6.96-7.14-14.6-12.45-6.7382065807-4.2-4.8-3.4-2.4-8.3-5.9-1.2320785088
4.5-9.5-7.16-7.24-14.5-12.85-6.8960471937-4.5-5-3.8-2.9-8.2-6.3-1.7188988735
4.6-9.8-7.36-7.34-14.4-13.25-7.0480847393-4.8-5.2-4.2-3.4-8.1-6.7-2.2026918574
4.7-10.1-7.56-7.44-14.3-13.65-7.1942981819-5.1-5.4-4.6-3.9-8-7.1-2.6828318686
4.8-10.4-7.76-7.54-14.2-14.05-7.3348116632-5.4-5.6-5-4.4-7.9-7.5-3.1585728783
4.9-10.7-7.96-7.64-14.1-14.45-7.4698845278-5.7-5.8-5.4-4.9-7.8-7.9-3.6290066109
5-11-8.16-7.74-14-14.85-7.5998882061-6-6-5.8-5.4-7.7-8.3-4.0929806873
5.1-11.3-8.36-7.84-13.9-15.25-7.7252746674-6.3-6.2-6.2-5.9-7.6-8.7-4.5489268352
5.2-11.6-8.56-7.94-13.8-15.65-7.8465420712-6.6-6.4-6.6-6.4-7.5-9.1-4.9944717021
5.3-11.9-8.76-8.04-13.7-16.05-7.9642026369-6.9-6.6-7-6.9-7.4-9.5-5.4254909942
5.4-12.2-8.96-8.14-13.6-16.45-8.0787561612-7.2-6.8-7.4-7.4-7.3-9.9-5.8337839559
5.5-12.5-9.16-8.24-13.5-16.85-8.1906707432-7.5-7-7.8-7.9-7.2-10.3-6.2021019815
5.6-12.8-9.36-8.34-13.4-17.25-8.3003707127-7.8-7.2-8.2-8.4-7.1-10.7-6.4983464546
5.7-13.1-9.56-8.44-13.3-17.65-8.4082307404-8.1-7.4-8.6-8.9-7-11.1-6.6843697004
5.8-13.4-9.76-8.54-13.2-18.05-8.5145746625-8.4-7.6-9-9.4-6.9-11.5-6.7515995319
5.9-13.7-9.96-8.64-13.1-18.45-8.6196775102-8.7-7.8-9.4-9.9-6.8-11.9-6.7334379881
6-14-10.16-8.74-13-18.85-8.7237694316-9-8-9.8-10.4-6.7-12.3-6.6701160407
6.1-14.3-10.36-8.84-12.9-19.25-8.8270404813-9.3-8.2-10.2-10.9-6.6-12.7-6.5863045364
6.2-14.6-10.56-8.94-12.8-19.65-8.9296455244-9.6-8.4-10.6-11.4-6.5-13.1-6.4935775592
6.3-14.9-10.76-9.04-12.7-20.05-9.0317087284-9.9-8.6-11-11.9-6.4-13.5-6.3969299525
6.4-15.2-10.96-9.14-12.6-20.45-9.1333272484-10.2-8.8-11.4-12.4-6.3-13.9-6.2985113683
6.5-15.5-11.16-9.24-12.5-20.85-9.2345737709-10.5-9-11.8-12.9-6.2-14.3-6.1992708571
6.6-15.8-11.36-9.34-12.4-21.25-9.3354975347-10.8-9.2-12.2-13.4-6.1-14.7-6.0996403616
6.7-16.1-11.56-9.44-12.3-21.65-9.4361233053-11.1-9.4-12.6-13.9-6-15.1-5.9998217648
6.8-16.4-11.76-9.54-12.2-22.05-9.5364474936-11.4-9.6-13-14.4-5.9-15.5-5.899911378
6.9-16.7-11.96-9.64-12.1-22.45-9.6364301512-11.7-9.8-13.4-14.9-5.8-15.9-5.799955836
7-17-12.16-9.74-12-22.85-9.7359808637-12-10-13.8-15.4-5.7-16.3-5.6999779568
7.1-17.3-12.36-9.84-11.9-23.25-9.8349355342-12.3-10.2-14.2-15.9-5.6-16.7-5.5999889857
7.2-17.6-12.56-9.94-11.8-23.65-9.9330196566-12.6-10.4-14.6-16.4-5.5-17.1-5.4999944922
7.3-17.9-12.76-10.04-11.7-24.05-10.0297920477-12.9-10.6-15-16.9-5.4-17.5-5.3999972442
7.4-18.2-12.96-10.14-11.6-24.45-10.1245617538-13.2-10.8-15.4-17.4-5.3-17.9-5.2999986206
7.5-18.5-13.16-10.24-11.5-24.85-10.2162717825-13.5-11-15.8-17.9-5.2-18.3-5.1999993093
7.6-18.8-13.36-10.34-11.4-25.25-10.3033506058-13.8-11.2-16.2-18.4-5.1-18.7-5.0999996541
7.7-19.1-13.56-10.44-11.3-25.65-10.3835536832-14.1-11.4-16.6-18.9-5-19.1-4.9999998267
7.8-19.4-13.76-10.54-11.2-26.05-10.4538613871-14.4-11.6-17-19.4-4.9-19.5-4.8999999132
7.9-19.7-13.96-10.64-11.1-26.45-10.5105629352-14.7-11.8-17.4-19.9-4.8-19.9-4.7999999565
8-20-14.16-10.74-11-26.85-10.5496904195-15-12-17.8-20.4-4.7-20.3-4.6999999782
8.1-20.3-14.36-10.84-10.9-27.25-10.5678645695-15.3-12.2-18.2-20.9-4.6-20.7-4.5999999891
8.2-20.6-14.56-10.94-10.8-27.65-10.5633091654-15.6-12.4-18.6-21.4-4.5-21.1-4.4999999945
8.3-20.9-14.76-11.04-10.7-28.05-10.5364882031-15.9-12.6-19-21.9-4.4-21.5-4.3999999973
8.4-21.2-14.96-11.14-10.6-28.45-10.4899335081-16.2-12.8-19.4-22.4-4.3-21.9-4.2999999986
8.5-21.5-15.16-11.24-10.5-28.85-10.4273854763-16.5-13-19.8-22.9-4.2-22.3-4.1999999993
8.6-21.8-15.36-11.34-10.4-29.25-10.3527927839-16.8-13.2-20.2-23.4-4.1-22.7-4.0999999997
8.7-22.1-15.56-11.44-10.3-29.65-10.2696233144-17.1-13.4-20.6-23.9-4-23.1-3.9999999998
8.8-22.4-15.76-11.54-10.2-30.05-10.1805880855-17.4-13.6-21-24.4-3.9-23.5-3.8999999999
8.9-22.7-15.96-11.64-10.1-30.45-10.0876514436-17.7-13.8-21.4-24.9-3.8-23.9-3.8
9-23-16.16-11.74-10-30.85-9.9921678881-18-14-21.8-25.4-3.7-24.3-3.7
9.1-23.3-16.36-11.84-9.9-31.25-9.8950418916-18.3-14.2-22.2-25.9-3.6-24.7-3.6
9.2-23.6-16.56-11.94-9.8-31.65-9.796865081-18.6-14.4-22.6-26.4-3.5-25.1-3.5
9.3-23.9-16.76-12.04-9.7-32.05-9.6980193766-18.9-14.6-23-26.9-3.4-25.5-3.4
9.4-24.2-16.96-12.14-9.6-32.45-9.5987492648-19.2-14.8-23.4-27.4-3.3-25.9-3.3
9.5-24.5-17.16-12.24-9.5-32.85-9.4992104226-19.5-15-23.8-27.9-3.2-26.3-3.2
9.6-24.8-17.36-12.34-9.4-33.25-9.3995016445-19.8-15.2-24.2-28.4-3.1-26.7-3.1
9.7-25.1-17.56-12.44-9.3-33.65-9.299685493-20.1-15.4-24.6-28.9-3-27.1-3
9.8-25.4-17.76-12.54-9.2-34.05-9.1998015333-20.4-15.6-25-29.4-2.9-27.5-2.9
9.9-25.7-17.96-12.64-9.1-34.45-9.0998747656-20.7-15.8-25.4-29.9-2.8-27.9-2.8
10-26-18.16-12.74-9-34.85-8.9999209783-21-16-25.8-30.4-2.7-28.3-2.7
10.1-26.3-18.36-12.84-8.9-35.25-8.899950139-21.3-16.2-26.2-30.9-2.6-28.7-2.6
10.2-26.6-18.56-12.94-8.8-35.65-8.7999685392-21.6-16.4-26.6-31.4-2.5-29.1-2.5
10.3-26.9-18.76-13.04-8.7-36.05-8.6999801493-21.9-16.6-27-31.9-2.4-29.5-2.4
10.4-27.2-18.96-13.14-8.6-36.45-8.599987475-22.2-16.8-27.4-32.4-2.3-29.9-2.3
10.5-27.5-19.16-13.24-8.5-36.85-8.4999920972-22.5-17-27.8-32.9-2.2-30.3-2.2
10.6-27.8-19.36-13.34-8.4-37.25-8.3999950137-22.8-17.2-28.2-33.4-2.1-30.7-2.1
10.7-28.1-19.56-13.44-8.3-37.65-8.2999968538-23.1-17.4-28.6-33.9-2-31.1-2
10.8-28.4-19.76-13.54-8.2-38.05-8.1999980149-23.4-17.6-29-34.4-1.9-31.5-1.9
10.9-28.7-19.96-13.64-8.1-38.45-8.0999987475-23.7-17.8-29.4-34.9-1.8-31.9-1.8
11-29-20.16-13.74-8-38.85-7.9999992097-24-18-29.8-35.4-1.7-32.3-1.7
11.1-29.3-20.36-13.84-7.9-39.25-7.8999995014-24.3-18.2-30.2-35.9-1.6-32.7-1.6
11.2-29.6-20.56-13.94-7.8-39.65-7.7999996854-24.6-18.4-30.6-36.4-1.5-33.1-1.5
11.3-29.9-20.76-14.04-7.7-40.05-7.6999998015-24.9-18.6-31-36.9-1.4-33.5-1.4
11.4-30.2-20.96-14.14-7.6-40.45-7.5999998747-25.2-18.8-31.4-37.4-1.3-33.9-1.3
11.5-30.5-21.16-14.24-7.5-40.85-7.499999921-25.5-19-31.8-37.9-1.2-34.3-1.2
11.6-30.8-21.36-14.34-7.4-41.25-7.3999999501-25.8-19.2-32.2-38.4-1.1-34.7-1.1
11.7-31.1-21.56-14.44-7.3-41.65-7.2999999685-26.1-19.4-32.6-38.9-1-35.1-1
11.8-31.4-21.76-14.54-7.2-42.05-7.1999999801-26.4-19.6-33-39.4-0.9-35.5-0.9
11.9-31.7-21.96-14.64-7.1-42.45-7.0999999875-26.7-19.8-33.4-39.9-0.8-35.9-0.8
12-32-22.16-14.74-7-42.85-6.9999999921-27-20-33.8-40.4-0.7-36.3-0.7
12.1-32.3-22.36-14.84-6.9-43.25-6.899999995-27.3-20.2-34.2-40.9-0.6-36.7-0.6
12.2-32.6-22.56-14.94-6.8-43.65-6.7999999969-27.6-20.4-34.6-41.4-0.5-37.1-0.5
12.3-32.9-22.76-15.04-6.7-44.05-6.699999998-27.9-20.6-35-41.9-0.4-37.5-0.4
12.4-33.2-22.96-15.14-6.6-44.45-6.5999999987-28.2-20.8-35.4-42.4-0.3-37.9-0.3
12.5-33.5-23.16-15.24-6.5-44.85-6.4999999992-28.5-21-35.8-42.9-0.2-38.3-0.2
12.6-33.8-23.36-15.34-6.4-45.25-6.3999999995-28.8-21.2-36.2-43.4-0.1-38.7-0.1
12.7-34.1-23.56-15.44-6.3-45.65-6.2999999997-29.1-21.4-36.6-43.9-0-39.1-0
12.8-34.4-23.76-15.54-6.2-46.05-6.1999999998-29.4-21.6-37-44.40.1-39.50.1
12.9-34.7-23.96-15.64-6.1-46.45-6.0999999999-29.7-21.8-37.4-44.90.2-39.90.2
13-35-24.16-15.74-6-46.85-5.9999999999-30-22-37.8-45.40.3-40.30.3
pHAl+3AlOH+2Al7OH17+4Al13OH34+5ALOH4-1Al2OH2+4AL Total
30-22.24.6-9.7-0.35.7162001117
3.1-0.3-2.21.84.1-9.6-0.75.2167828157
3.2-0.6-2.41.43.6-9.5-1.14.7175154513
3.3-0.9-2.613.1-9.4-1.54.2184362942
3.4-1.2-2.80.62.6-9.3-1.93.7195932181
3.5-1.5-30.22.1-9.2-2.33.2210460051
3.6-1.8-3.2-0.21.6-9.1-2.72.7228691568
3.7-2.1-3.4-0.61.1-9-3.12.225155288
3.8-2.4-3.6-10.6-8.9-3.51.7280191806
3.9-2.7-3.8-1.40.1-8.8-3.91.2316025621
4-3-4-1.8-0.4-8.7-4.30.7360796545
4.1-3.3-4.2-2.2-0.9-8.6-4.70.2416634989
4.2-3.6-4.4-2.6-1.4-8.5-5.1-0.2513869756
4.3-3.9-4.6-3-1.9-8.4-5.5-0.742759195
4.4-4.2-4.8-3.4-2.4-8.3-5.9-1.2320785088
4.5-4.5-5-3.8-2.9-8.2-6.3-1.7188988735
4.6-4.8-5.2-4.2-3.4-8.1-6.7-2.2026918574
4.7-5.1-5.4-4.6-3.9-8-7.1-2.6828318686
4.8-5.4-5.6-5-4.4-7.9-7.5-3.1585728783
4.9-5.7-5.8-5.4-4.9-7.8-7.9-3.6290066109
5-6-6-5.8-5.4-7.7-8.3-4.0929806873
5.1-6.3-6.2-6.2-5.9-7.6-8.7-4.5489268352
5.2-6.6-6.4-6.6-6.4-7.5-9.1-4.9944717021
5.3-6.9-6.6-7-6.9-7.4-9.5-5.4254909942
5.4-7.2-6.8-7.4-7.4-7.3-9.9-5.8337839559
5.5-7.5-7-7.8-7.9-7.2-10.3-6.2021019815
5.6-7.8-7.2-8.2-8.4-7.1-10.7-6.4983464546
5.7-8.1-7.4-8.6-8.9-7-11.1-6.6843697004
5.8-8.4-7.6-9-9.4-6.9-11.5-6.7515995319
5.9-8.7-7.8-9.4-9.9-6.8-11.9-6.7334379881
6-9-8-9.8-10.4-6.7-12.3-6.6701160407
6.1-9.3-8.2-10.2-10.9-6.6-12.7-6.5863045364
6.2-9.6-8.4-10.6-11.4-6.5-13.1-6.4935775592
6.3-9.9-8.6-11-11.9-6.4-13.5-6.3969299525
6.4-10.2-8.8-11.4-12.4-6.3-13.9-6.2985113683
6.5-10.5-9-11.8-12.9-6.2-14.3-6.1992708571
6.6-10.8-9.2-12.2-13.4-6.1-14.7-6.0996403616
6.7-11.1-9.4-12.6-13.9-6-15.1-5.9998217648
6.8-11.4-9.6-13-14.4-5.9-15.5-5.899911378
6.9-11.7-9.8-13.4-14.9-5.8-15.9-5.799955836
7-12-10-13.8-15.4-5.7-16.3-5.6999779568
7.1-12.3-10.2-14.2-15.9-5.6-16.7-5.5999889857
7.2-12.6-10.4-14.6-16.4-5.5-17.1-5.4999944922
7.3-12.9-10.6-15-16.9-5.4-17.5-5.3999972442
7.4-13.2-10.8-15.4-17.4-5.3-17.9-5.2999986206
7.5-13.5-11-15.8-17.9-5.2-18.3-5.1999993093
7.6-13.8-11.2-16.2-18.4-5.1-18.7-5.0999996541
7.7-14.1-11.4-16.6-18.9-5-19.1-4.9999998267
7.8-14.4-11.6-17-19.4-4.9-19.5-4.8999999132
7.9-14.7-11.8-17.4-19.9-4.8-19.9-4.7999999565
8-15-12-17.8-20.4-4.7-20.3-4.6999999782
8.1-15.3-12.2-18.2-20.9-4.6-20.7-4.5999999891
8.2-15.6-12.4-18.6-21.4-4.5-21.1-4.4999999945
8.3-15.9-12.6-19-21.9-4.4-21.5-4.3999999973
8.4-16.2-12.8-19.4-22.4-4.3-21.9-4.2999999986
8.5-16.5-13-19.8-22.9-4.2-22.3-4.1999999993
8.6-16.8-13.2-20.2-23.4-4.1-22.7-4.0999999997
8.7-17.1-13.4-20.6-23.9-4-23.1-3.9999999998
8.8-17.4-13.6-21-24.4-3.9-23.5-3.8999999999
8.9-17.7-13.8-21.4-24.9-3.8-23.9-3.8
9-18-14-21.8-25.4-3.7-24.3-3.7
9.1-18.3-14.2-22.2-25.9-3.6-24.7-3.6
9.2-18.6-14.4-22.6-26.4-3.5-25.1-3.5
9.3-18.9-14.6-23-26.9-3.4-25.5-3.4
9.4-19.2-14.8-23.4-27.4-3.3-25.9-3.3
9.5-19.5-15-23.8-27.9-3.2-26.3-3.2
9.6-19.8-15.2-24.2-28.4-3.1-26.7-3.1
9.7-20.1-15.4-24.6-28.9-3-27.1-3
9.8-20.4-15.6-25-29.4-2.9-27.5-2.9
9.9-20.7-15.8-25.4-29.9-2.8-27.9-2.8
10-21-16-25.8-30.4-2.7-28.3-2.7
10.1-21.3-16.2-26.2-30.9-2.6-28.7-2.6
10.2-21.6-16.4-26.6-31.4-2.5-29.1-2.5
10.3-21.9-16.6-27-31.9-2.4-29.5-2.4
10.4-22.2-16.8-27.4-32.4-2.3-29.9-2.3
10.5-22.5-17-27.8-32.9-2.2-30.3-2.2
10.6-22.8-17.2-28.2-33.4-2.1-30.7-2.1
10.7-23.1-17.4-28.6-33.9-2-31.1-2
10.8-23.4-17.6-29-34.4-1.9-31.5-1.9
10.9-23.7-17.8-29.4-34.9-1.8-31.9-1.8
11-24-18-29.8-35.4-1.7-32.3-1.7
11.1-24.3-18.2-30.2-35.9-1.6-32.7-1.6
11.2-24.6-18.4-30.6-36.4-1.5-33.1-1.5
11.3-24.9-18.6-31-36.9-1.4-33.5-1.4
11.4-25.2-18.8-31.4-37.4-1.3-33.9-1.3
11.5-25.5-19-31.8-37.9-1.2-34.3-1.2
11.6-25.8-19.2-32.2-38.4-1.1-34.7-1.1
11.7-26.1-19.4-32.6-38.9-1-35.1-1
11.8-26.4-19.6-33-39.4-0.9-35.5-0.9
11.9-26.7-19.8-33.4-39.9-0.8-35.9-0.8
12-27-20-33.8-40.4-0.7-36.3-0.7
12.1-27.3-20.2-34.2-40.9-0.6-36.7-0.6
12.2-27.6-20.4-34.6-41.4-0.5-37.1-0.5
12.3-27.9-20.6-35-41.9-0.4-37.5-0.4
12.4-28.2-20.8-35.4-42.4-0.3-37.9-0.3
12.5-28.5-21-35.8-42.9-0.2-38.3-0.2
12.6-28.8-21.2-36.2-43.4-0.1-38.7-0.1
12.7-29.1-21.4-36.6-43.9-0-39.1-0
12.8-29.4-21.6-37-44.40.1-39.50.1
12.9-29.7-21.8-37.4-44.90.2-39.90.2
13-30-22-37.8-45.40.3-40.30.3
pHFe TotalAl Total
3-4.08998795795.7162001117
3.1-4.29911149965.2167828157
3.2-4.50519026174.7175154513
3.3-4.70848086974.2184362942
3.4-4.90913303773.7195932181
3.5-5.10719315483.2210460051
3.6-5.30260843632.7228691568
3.7-5.49523191722.225155288
3.8-5.68482912531.7280191806
3.9-5.87108771771.2316025621
4-6.0536316010.7360796545
4.1-6.23204092770.2416634989
4.2-6.405878722-0.2513869756
4.3-6.5747236341-0.742759195
4.4-6.7382065807-1.2320785088
4.5-6.8960471937-1.7188988735
4.6-7.0480847393-2.2026918574
4.7-7.1942981819-2.6828318686
4.8-7.3348116632-3.1585728783
4.9-7.4698845278-3.6290066109
5-7.5998882061-4.0929806873
5.1-7.7252746674-4.5489268352
5.2-7.8465420712-4.9944717021
5.3-7.9642026369-5.4254909942
5.4-8.0787561612-5.8337839559
5.5-8.1906707432-6.2021019815
5.6-8.3003707127-6.4983464546
5.7-8.4082307404-6.6843697004
5.8-8.5145746625-6.7515995319
5.9-8.6196775102-6.7334379881
6-8.7237694316-6.6701160407
6.1-8.8270404813-6.5863045364
6.2-8.9296455244-6.4935775592
6.3-9.0317087284-6.3969299525
6.4-9.1333272484-6.2985113683
6.5-9.2345737709-6.1992708571
6.6-9.3354975347-6.0996403616
6.7-9.4361233053-5.9998217648
6.8-9.5364474936-5.899911378
6.9-9.6364301512-5.799955836
7-9.7359808637-5.6999779568
7.1-9.8349355342-5.5999889857
7.2-9.9330196566-5.4999944922
7.3-10.0297920477-5.3999972442
7.4-10.1245617538-5.2999986206
7.5-10.2162717825-5.1999993093
7.6-10.3033506058-5.0999996541
7.7-10.3835536832-4.9999998267
7.8-10.4538613871-4.8999999132
7.9-10.5105629352-4.7999999565
8-10.5496904195-4.6999999782
8.1-10.5678645695-4.5999999891
8.2-10.5633091654-4.4999999945
8.3-10.5364882031-4.3999999973
8.4-10.4899335081-4.2999999986
8.5-10.4273854763-4.1999999993
8.6-10.3527927839-4.0999999997
8.7-10.2696233144-3.9999999998
8.8-10.1805880855-3.8999999999
8.9-10.0876514436-3.8
9-9.9921678881-3.7
9.1-9.8950418916-3.6
9.2-9.796865081-3.5
9.3-9.6980193766-3.4
9.4-9.5987492648-3.3
9.5-9.4992104226-3.2
9.6-9.3995016445-3.1
9.7-9.299685493-3
9.8-9.1998015333-2.9
9.9-9.0998747656-2.8
10-8.9999209783-2.7
10.1-8.899950139-2.6
10.2-8.7999685392-2.5
10.3-8.6999801493-2.4
10.4-8.599987475-2.3
10.5-8.4999920972-2.2
10.6-8.3999950137-2.1
10.7-8.2999968538-2
10.8-8.1999980149-1.9
10.9-8.0999987475-1.8
11-7.9999992097-1.7
11.1-7.8999995014-1.6
11.2-7.7999996854-1.5
11.3-7.6999998015-1.4
11.4-7.5999998747-1.3
11.5-7.499999921-1.2
11.6-7.3999999501-1.1
11.7-7.2999999685-1
11.8-7.1999999801-0.9
11.9-7.0999999875-0.8
12-6.9999999921-0.7
12.1-6.899999995-0.6
12.2-6.7999999969-0.5
12.3-6.699999998-0.4
12.4-6.5999999987-0.3
12.5-6.4999999992-0.2
12.6-6.3999999995-0.1
12.7-6.2999999997-0
12.8-6.19999999980.1
12.9-6.09999999990.2
13-5.99999999990.3
Titulao de uma amostra com sulfato de alumnio ou cloreto frrico
pH da amostra=7.4
Alcalinidade (mg/l como CaCO3)=100
Alcalinidade (eq/litro)=2.00E-03
Temperatura da amostra (C)=25
Temperatura da amostra (K)=298.15
Calculo das constantes de equilbrio do cido carbnico
K1=4.456E-07
K2=4.435E-11
Kw=9.275E-15
Clculo dos valores de alfa 1 e alfa 2 iniciais
Alfa 1=0.9170400504
Alfa 2=0.001021546
Clculo da concentrao de carbono inorgnico inicial total
CTinicial=2.176E-03
Clculo para o cloreto frrico
pH[H+]K1K2KWALFA 1ALFA 2Fe+3Fe(OH)+2Fe(OH)2+1Fe(OH)4-1Fe2(OH)2+4Cb-CaC inorg TCt(alfa1+2*alfa2)Cl-Dos FeCl3*6H2OFe AplicadoFe SoluvelVol Lodo (mg/l)
7.43.981E-084.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.91704005040.001021546000002.00E-032.176E-032.000E-030.000E+0000.000E+0000
7.26.310E-084.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.87541559660.0006152957000.0000000001002.00E-032.176E-031.907E-039.245E-058.32636981243.082E-050.00000000013.2926322943
71.000E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.81640455540.0003620554000.0000000002002.00E-032.176E-031.778E-032.220E-0419.99844276757.401E-050.00000000027.9083209002
6.81.585E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.73746727640.0002063538000.0000000003002.00E-032.176E-031.606E-033.946E-0435.53744467561.315E-040.000000000314.0531738296
6.62.512E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.63940950920.0001128882000.0000000005002.00E-032.176E-031.392E-036.085E-0454.80111148312.028E-040.000000000521.6709305252
6.43.981E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.52808879510.000058827000.0000000007002.00E-032.176E-031.149E-038.511E-0476.65269501842.837E-040.000000000730.3120622642
6.26.310E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.41387516860.0000290897000.0000000011002.00E-032.176E-039.007E-041.100E-0399.06898148753.667E-040.000000001239.1764867651
61.000E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.308219710.000013668800.00000000010.0000000018002.00E-032.176E-036.707E-041.330E-03119.81449007954.434E-040.000000001947.3801766399
5.81.585E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.21943522220.000006140100.00000000020.0000000029002.00E-032.176E-034.775E-041.524E-03137.26994959045.080E-040.000000003154.2827750891
5.62.512E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.15065500860.000002659800.00000000040.0000000046002.00E-032.176E-033.278E-041.675E-03150.83429743385.582E-040.00000000559.6465585017
5.43.981E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.1006531730.000001121200.00000000110.0000000072002.00E-032.176E-032.190E-041.785E-03160.76674207195.950E-040.000000008363.5739658186
5.26.310E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.06595793130.000000463600.00000000280.0000000115002.00E-032.176E-031.435E-041.863E-03167.776826146.209E-040.000000014266.3454581834
51.000E-054.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.04265492910.000000189200.00000000690.0000000182002.00E-032.176E-039.281E-051.917E-03172.67749469756.391E-040.000000025168.2822535835
Clculo para o sulfato de alumnio
pH[H+]K1K2KWALFA 1ALFA 2Al+3Al(OH)+2Al7(OH)17+4Al13(OH)34+5Al(OH)4-1Al2(OH)2+4Cb-CaC inorg TCt(alfa1+2*alfa2)SO4-2Dos Al2(SO4)3*18H2OAl aplicadoAl solvelVol Lodo (mg/l)
7.43.981E-084.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.91704005040.001021546000.000E+000002.00E-032.176E-032.000E-030.000E+0000.000E+000.000E+000
7.26.310E-084.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.87541559660.0006152957002.512E-1500.000003162302.00E-032.176E-031.907E-034.464E-059.9126550352.976E-053.162E-062.0742024135
71.000E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.81640455540.000362055400.00000000011.585E-1400.000001995302.00E-032.176E-031.778E-031.100E-0424.43015199137.335E-051.995E-065.5641098861
6.81.585E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.73746727640.000206353800.00000000031.000E-1300.000001258902.00E-032.176E-031.606E-031.967E-0443.6665341331.311E-041.259E-0610.1252345408
6.62.512E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.63940950920.000112888200.00000000066.310E-1300.000000794302.00E-032.176E-031.392E-033.038E-0467.4641115632.026E-047.950E-0715.7330397958
6.43.981E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.52808879510.0000588270.00000000010.00000000163.981E-1200.000000501202.00E-032.176E-031.149E-034.253E-0494.43285413012.835E-045.029E-0722.0698744055
6.26.310E-074.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.41387516860.00002908970.00000000030.0000000042.512E-1100.000000316202.00E-032.176E-039.007E-045.498E-04122.08604105153.665E-043.207E-0728.5583820888
61.000E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.308219710.00001366880.0000000010.000000011.585E-1000.000000199502.00E-032.176E-036.707E-046.651E-04147.67314211714.434E-042.122E-0734.5574245174
5.81.585E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.21943522220.00000614010.0000000040.00000002511.000E-090.00000000040.000000125902.00E-032.176E-034.775E-047.620E-04169.20308660035.080E-041.672E-0739.6016294214
5.62.512E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.15065500860.00000265980.00000001580.00000006316.310E-090.0000000040.000000079402.00E-032.176E-033.278E-048.374E-04185.94523235545.583E-042.543E-0743.514586545
5.43.981E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.1006531730.00000112120.00000006310.00000015853.981E-080.00000003980.00000005010.00000000012.00E-032.176E-032.190E-048.929E-04198.26329687695.953E-041.068E-0646.3350903074
5.26.310E-064.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.06595793130.00000046360.00000025120.00000039812.512E-070.00000039810.00000003160.00000000082.00E-032.176E-031.435E-049.337E-04207.3146172676.224E-047.616E-0647.9436132982
51.000E-054.4555E-074.4348E-119.2754E-150.04265492910.00000018920.0000010.0000011.585E-060.00000398110.000000020.0000000052.00E-032.176E-039.281E-059.742E-04216.32137439426.495E-046.488E-0545.5870338638
pHFeCl3*6H2O (Alc=100,0)Al2(SO4)3*18H2O (Alc=100,0)FeCl3*6H2O (Alc=15,0)Al2(SO4)3*18H2O (Alc=15,0)
7.40000
7.28.32979246599.94231204811.26006914131.2276090587
720.001634788724.45013821033.01667557013.5131272298
6.835.540330006643.68022471475.35305061056.4689843428
6.654.803617503267.47361584288.249404003810.0871913785
6.476.654772720894.439531249111.537232552714.1704746103
6.299.0706237949122.090902836714.915920824518.3551259367
6119.8157372844147.677540484418.054377205722.2383983622
5.8137.2708794001169.212546083320.716086893925.5378431224
5.6150.835009332186.001600016922.820716556228.2010060315
5.4160.7673499652198.739766639424.422560699930.6703404344
5.2167.7774709961211.720792619525.652458766136.5262040798
&RA-&P
Page &P
Potencial Zeta
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
&A
Page &P
Fe+3
FeOH+2
FeOH2+1
FeOH4-1
Fe2OH2+4
Fe Total
pH
Log C
Sheet3
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
&A
Page &P
Al+3
AlOH+2
Al7OH17+4
Al13OH34+5
ALOH4-1
Al2OH2+4
AL Total
pH
Log C
Sheet4
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
&A
Page &P
Fe Total
Al Total
pH
Log (Al ou Fe)
Sheet5
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
&A
Pgina &P
FeCl3*6H2O (Alc=100,0)
Al2(SO4)3*18H2O (Alc=100,0)
FeCl3*6H2O (Alc=15,0)
Al2(SO4)3*18H2O (Alc=15,0)
pH
Dosagem de Coagulante (mg/l)
Efeito da Alcalinidade na Aplicao de Coagulante Metlico
Sheet6
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
0000000
Diagrama de solubilidade do alumnio em meio aquoso
Al+3
AlOH+2
Al7OH17+4
Al13OH34+5
ALOH4-1
Al2OH2+4
AL Total
pH
Log Al
Sheet7
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Diagrama de solubilidade do alumnio em meio aquoso
Al+3
pH
Log Al
Sheet8
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
00
Diagrama de solubilidade do alumnio em meio aquoso
Al+3
AlOH+2
pH
Log Al
Sheet9
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
000
Diagrama de solubilidade do alumnio em meio aquoso
Al+3
AlOH+2
Al13OH34+5
pH
Log Al
Sheet10
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
0000
Diagrama de solubilidade do alumnio em meio aquoso
Al+3
AlOH+2
Al7OH17+4
Al13OH34+5
pH
Log Al
Sheet11
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
Diagrama de solubilidade do alumnio em meio aquoso
Al+3
AlOH+2
Al7OH17+4
Al13OH34+5
Al2OH2+4
pH
Log Al
Sheet12
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
Diagrama de solubilidade do alumnio em meio aquoso
Al+3
AlOH+2
Al7OH17+4
Al13OH34+5
ALOH4-1
Al2OH2+4
pH
Log Al
Sheet13
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
000000
Diagrama de solubilidade do ferro em meio aquoso
Fe+3
FeOH+2
FeOH2+1
FeOH4-1
Fe2OH2+4
Fe Total
pH
Log Fe
Sheet14
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
00000
Diagrama de solubilidade do ferro em meio aquoso
Fe+3
FeOH+2
FeOH2+1
FeOH4-