Body and Soul

Uma Canção, 2 Revoluções, 2 Homenagens.

Objectivos

Pretende-se com esta apresentação uma pequena contextualização de um momento particular da história do jazz e das suas consequências no desenvolvimento de uma corrente muito importante no Jazz vocal - o VOCALESE

Breve explicação do que pode ser considerado o pensamento jazzístico pela análise sucinta de um solo de Coleman Hawkins.

Explicação do que é o Vocalese e alguns dos seus mais importantes executantes através do estudo de um dos trabalhos mais conhecidos.

A transição da Era do Swing e a Revolução Be-Bop

A Era das Big Bands

Cansaço dos Músicos

Necessidade de afirmação

Busca de espaços mais livres para experiência

“Fome” do público por algo novo

Jam Sessions

Body And Soul

Composto por Johnny Green em 1930.

Estrutura do tema muito apelativa pelas constantes mudanças de tonalidade e progressão harmónicas.

Análise do tema

Body And Soul

Coleman Hawkins(21/Nov/1904-19/Maio/1969)

Um dos primeiros nomes importantes do Sax Tenor é considerado um dos grandes Jazzmen da História

Um improvisador moderno para a altura “...he was 20 years ahead of his time...” (Eddie Jefferson)

Gravação de “Body and Soul” efectuada em 11 de Out. de 1939, alguns dias depois de uma sessão de gravação com a sua orquestra.

Foi um grande êxito comercial tendo atingido o #1 de vendas apesar da polémica com os puristas.

Gostava de improvisar em temas com construções harmónicas complicadas que implicavam linhas melódicas muito alicerçados nos acordes (pensamento vertical).

“Body and Soul” Coleman Hawkins Tenor Saxofone Solo

Análise ao solo

Como foi referido apenas no primeiro A do tema existe referência à melodia original.

A harmonia também está alterada em relação ao original para permitir mais linhas cromáticas para o baixo (Sub. Tritónicas).

Análise ao Solo

A aproximação da mudança de centro tonal é efectuada de forma a antecipar a modulação sempre delineando os acordes e as escalas mais apropriadas caracteristico do pensamento vertical.

O momento máximo de tensão encontra-se entre os compassos 57 e 59 tanto em termos de amplitude como de dinâmica e de ritmo. É por demais evidente a capacidade superior de estruturação mental, antecipação e de estratégia musical envolvidos neste improviso para permitir um equilibrio tão perfeito.

QuickTime™ and a decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

Eddie Jefferson(3/Ago/1918-9/Maio/1979)

O Fundador do Vocalese Não era grande cantor mas fazia

o máximo com aquilo de que disponha (primazia do conteúdo sobre a forma)

Antes de cantar era conhecido pelos dotes de sapateado.

Primeiros poemas para solos de Charlie Parker “Parker’s Mood” e de Lester Young no tema “I Cover the Waterfront”.

Grava em 1959 a sua versão do solo de Coleman Hawkins.

A letra funciona como uma homenagem ao saxofonista com referências a sua vida, ao seu som e a seu legado no mundo do jazz pelos seus pares.

Referências humorísticas às

suas passagens pela Europa.

“Body and Soul” EDDIE JEFFERSON LYRICS

Don't you know, he is the king of saxophones Yes indeed he is;Talkin' 'bout the guy that made it sound so goodSome people know him by the Bean But Hawkins was his nameHe sure can swing and play pretty tooSounds good to me -- should sound good to youI love to hear him playing Body and SoulVery pleasing to the ear

When I first heard it on the recordI just stopped-- right there,Sounded like a band of angels in the sky,And I have never ever heard a sweeter toneI fact I pay no 'ttention to the saxophone'Til Coleman Hawkins came along and spoke to everyone --Saying better listen won't you hear me,While I play for you --

Sometimes it's hot Then again it's blueMy soul just seems to wander,Pleasing each and everyone --It's what I've long been craving forThe doors have not been always open,But I am trying to please you. Please don't try stop me.Hope you like it folks

And then he started cookin' Every time he playedSome melodic melody fast or slow You could tell that it was Hawkins --

No other one ever hasQuite captured his toneJust he alone --Has the sound that penetratesIt will sure go right through you Yes it will --And every chorus gives you just another thrill

Dixie Land or Jazz It makes no differenceEveryone in Europe really loves himIn Gay Paris in Germany, it’s Ya and Oui, OuiAnd all his fans in Sweden loves him Place no one above him

Here in the USA I heard them say Oh Hawkins still the manHe’s had is own band Folks in all lands gives him their handsCause he’s so grand yes sir-eeAnd in New Zealand music lovers are still talkin ‘bout Coleman Hawkins, all around the world he is known There can be no doubt about itHis knowledge of the horn He must have been born to blow the tenor‘Cause the melody just flows everywhere Flows right through the air, oh yeah!

And I’ve got to remind you20 years it took him, playin’ everydayTo obtain his first claim to fame And he was 20 years ahead of his timeAnd he knew with Bud he kept right on cookin’When all around the world Makin’ rhythm ‘cause music sure was in him and I know it was Benny Goodman was king of swingEverybody loves to dance Hawkins knew he had a chance to play music

And he Blew, and he blew...His tenor and he played it summer and winterThen he cut his masterpiece and I’m trying to sing it for youHope that I am getting through to everyoneThere I go, I didn’t mean to reminisce You can surly bet that I wont forget‘Cause I haven’t yet Good-bye

Vocalese Consiste na arte de

escrever poemas para solos anteriormente gravados

Forma de homenagear obras importantes do jazz e os seus executantes

Revoluciona o papel da voz

Espaço para libertação dos temas tradicionais

Forma de aprendizagem da linguagem jazzística.

1.Bob Dorough, 2.Jon Hendricks, 2. Lambert Hendricks & Ross, 4. Kurt Elling & Al Jarreau, 5. Mark Murphy 6. King Pleasure, 7. Roberta Gambarini, 8. Annie Ross

Manhattan Transfer

Banda de Nova York fundada em 1972.

Em 1979 voltam a gravar a versão de Eddie Jefferson mas desta vez com uma alteração da letra em que prestam homenagem ao próprio Jefferson.

O arranjo vocal permite uma exploração mais próxima da extensão real to tenor de Hawkins.

“Body and Soul” EDDIE JEFFERSON LYRICS and Manhattan transfere

Don't you know, he was the king of saxophones Yes indeed he was;Talkin' 'bout the guy that made it sound so goodSome people knew him by the Bean But Hawkins was his nameHe sure could swing and play pretty tooSounds good to me should sound good to youI love to hear him playing Body and SoulVery pleasing to the ear

When I first heard it on the record I just stopped-- right there,Sounded like a band of angels in the sky,And I have never ever heard a sweeter toneI fact I pay no 'ttention to the saxophone'Til Coleman Hawkins came along and spoke to everyone --Saying better listen won't you hear me,While I play for you Sometimes it's hotThen again it's blue My soul just seems to wander,Pleasing each and everyone It's what I've long been craving for

The doors have not been always open,But I am trying to please you.Please don't stop me.Hope you like it folks And then he started cookin' --Everytime he played Some melodic melody fast or slowYou could tell that it was Hawkins --

No other one ever hasQuite captured his tone Just he alone --Has the sound that penetratesIt will sure go right through you Yes it will --And every chorus gives you just another thrill

Then along came Eddie Jefferson He sang the melody like Hawkins played itHe sang it true He sang it blue Made words for it tooAll his fans in New York loved himThere's no one above him Here in the USAI've heard 'em say ol' Eddie was the manOh how he could sing Man did he swingSang on the wing, did his own thing Yes he did

Throughout the country Music lovers are still wiggin' on Eddie's singin'All around the world he is known Rhythm was his special joy He swung it like a horn He must have been born to be a singer'Cause his lyrics were so sincere and true Funny sad or blue Oh yeah!

And we've got to remind you Many years it took himSinging every day to achieve his first claim to fameHe was twenty years ahead of his time And he knew itBut he kept right on-a singing He went all around the world making rhythm'Cause music sure was in him and he knew it wasSang with Moody and Richie Cole He could sing it just like BirdBut his forte was the words he wrote toMusic that he sang So he sang, and he sangAnd he sang his words so clever And I know they'll silence him never'Cause he cut this masterpiece

And now we're trying to sing it for youHope the Bean and Eddie both would still approveThere we go We didn't mean to reminisceYou can surely bet That we won't forget'Cause we hear them yetGoodbye

Obrigado!