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QUIMICA GENERAL E INORGANICA Prof. Dra. Susana Llesuy Cinética Química

Cinética química

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Cinética químicaQuímica General e InorgánicaFacultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica - Universidad de Buenos Aires

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Page 1: Cinética química

QUIMICA GENERAL E INORGANICA

Prof. Dra. Susana Llesuy

Cinética Química

Page 2: Cinética química

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n . n o o .o

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H2O2 eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

H2Oeeeeeoeeeeee

O2 eeeoeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeeeeeHeH2O

n n

n

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ne

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2 H2O2 . 2 H2O O O2 n

ee n eeeeHeeee eeeeeeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeHeee

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aeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeHeeHeee ee eeeeeeeeHeee eeeeeneeeee

eHeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeeoeeeeoeeeee

neeeeeeeeeeHeHeHHOH HeHHOeOeOH

eeeeea eOeb e cne Oed,,

OOH ][][1

tt

ddddddddd

2

222

t

D

dt

C

dt

B

bt

A

d

][1][1][1][1ddddddddd

Vnnncndadndnnnnaccnnn

anaanaanaaanan a

nnann annaaaasn

aaaanarannn:

anaannaaana

dacdnnndndnnnnnddnndndnndnnnandnnncndad dddnndnnnndnnnannndndnndnnncndad

ee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeoe eeeeee

eeHeeeeHee eHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

Heeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeee ee

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k[]]m[]]n

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dndndnndnnncndad

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k[]]0

lldndnndnnnandnnncndadnnnncnan

He. ee eeH eeeeeee

o . eeeeeeeeeHeee n o . e .. o .

ekn]]O]He]nHH]

o . l lOl l l 2l s 11

Page 3: Cinética química

nnnacnnnnnndnnnnnnnndnnndnnnnaccnnnndnnancnncnndnacnnn

ee o n

eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 1annn,e anaan aaanaaa

eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 1 aan,e nanaanaaa

eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee 1 nn ,e eeeaaannaanaaa

eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeann ,e . nasnasnan

eA2H ee]]H3] e2eHek

H]H3 A e ]H A eOe3eHH A

kn e ee1A

nnaccnnnndndnnnndnnncnnn

1 llH3l

=

] ]H3 ]eee e]]H3 ] 1 k ee

ek llH3l0 = k

. o o n

. . o o n

nnaccnnnndnnnndnnncnnn

k . o o n n o

) .o

1 llH3l

= ek llH3l0 = k

n

] ]H3 ]ee e1 k eeeOe]]H3 ]

- mx + b

nnaccnnnndnndnnennnnndnn

eee n o . eeeHeeeeeeeeeee

eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeee eeeeeeee eeeeeeeee

eeeeeeee e

e ek] ]1 ek] ]

eee n n eeeeeeneeoeeeeeeeee eeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeee

eeeeee eeeeeoeeeeneeeeHeeeeeee

He]] ]d2] ] ]e eHe] ]d He] ] e kd

l]la e ka Oe l]l0 - mx + b

lndndandnnnandnnncndadndnnnnaccnnn

) .o s O2 n lH2O2l s

aeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeedn e3 ee

aeHeeeeeee

eeeeeeH

eeeeeeeeeee

eHeeeeeeeeeeeee

eees ee

) .o

dnnednnndnnnnaccnnnndnndnnennnnndnn

o =1k

) .o

n o n = lH2O2l 0

lH2O2l = 1k O lH2O2l0

Vndanendnandnnnannnaccnnn

. a½ n .o . . . n

He] ]d He] ] e1kee

He]] ] He] ] e knd]

He ] e e k d]

d] = He ] 2k e s/3 2k e s/32k) .o

eeee anaannn nnnna,eHee eeeeeeeeeeeee

eeeeeeeeeeeeeeoeee o k, enn eeeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeHeeeeeeeee ee

eek eeeeeeeeeee,ed] eeeeeeeeeeeeHeeHeee,e eeeeed] eee

eeeeeeee,ek eeeeeeeeeeeeHeeHeee

eHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeHee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeHeeHeeeee

Heeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeHeeeeeneeeeee,e e ,eeeeeeeee,e

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Vndanendnandnnnannnaccnnn nnaccnnnndnndnndndnnnndnn

eeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeAeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeHe eeee

eHeeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeeeeeHeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeAeeHeeeH

k[]]m[]]n m n 2 2

k[]]2 m 2 2

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e eeeeeee] ]eeeeoeeeeneeeeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeAeeeeeee

oeeee

1][]]t kt + 1][]]

Page 4: Cinética química

122= 12 llO2l0 k

H]OH A e He]Oe A eOeeOH A

A2e] ]OH ]eee A2e]]OH ] Oek ee

ka= s11 11

nnaaaanan anna nnaannannnna

1 llO2l 2

= ek llO2l 2

) .o

nn aana

2 k

2 k ]]]

2 k ]]]2

e e e ee

e e e ee

e e ee

O n n a o k a

k .

lndnnndndnnnncndndnnnancnnldncanddaenca

. 1. o . o n .

n .o n o n 1030 o n .

n . o n . o . . 106 s 11.

104

s 11. . n . .o .

n . o n n n . .. .

) .

nannnaaannaaaaasaaana

eeeeoeeeeeeeeeHeeeneeeeeeeeeeH eeHeee

e eeeeAeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeene,eee ee

e eeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeneeeeeeeeeA e,eeee

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dnnnnaandnnacdndacnnn dnnnnaancnnldnca

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eoeeee eeeeeeee

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s l

s o o

n.

) .o a aaTaa1

snnnaandnnnadncnnndnnnnd

eennnnnaandnnacdndacnnnnEda eeeHeeeeeeeeA eee eeee,eeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeA eeeee eeeeeeeeee,eoeeeee eeeeeeeeeHeeeeeH eeHeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeoeeeeeeAeeHeAeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeoe eeee e

eeHee eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeneeeeeeHe eee,eenHeeeHAeeeeeeeH eeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeeA eeeee eeeee eHeeeeeeeeneeeeeeeeeHeeee

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snnnaandnncnnndnnnnd

neHeeeneeoe eee He

neHeeeeeeeeeeeoe eee Hee

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eeeeeeeeeoeeeeeHeeeeeeeeeee e eeeoeeeeeHee

eHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeene

snnnaandnnnnddadnndnndnandncnnn

H eeeeHe e eeee eee ee eee eeeeeee

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eeeeee ee Hee eeeeeeeee ee ee eeeee

ee ee e H ee e o e H ee eee eeeee ene

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Page 5: Cinética química

snnnaandnnnnddadnndnndnandncnnn

eeanaaananaaanaannann asanan naannaaanaananna

naaanna ana eeeHHeeeeeeeHe n

o o n n . . .o o

n. n

n n n

na =134 kJ

na =360 kJ

l .o o

s

n l n H

dkncdnndnnnandnednnaddna

] . .o

] . .o

s n . s n .

n n n n n n

Ha+a+Ha+an

anaanaanaaanan a

nnann annaaaasn

aaaanarannn:

anaannaaana

dacdnnndndnnnnnddnndndnndnnnandnnncndad

kndnndncnandnnnandnnncndadndnnnnaccnnnncnnnnan

dnednnaddna

1 ] . n . . . .o n. o n :

k eenEdaTns

A . aaaannannaannaanaaaa o o o o . n . o . o n .

o n n n 2na o o n . . o n. o o n .

nndnndnndacnnnnnnskncandnnennsnnndd

l2O5 ll 4 2O4 ll 4 O ½ O2 n

e1A,H A 4 KR

1da

na = 1 0 102 kJ . 11

Heek eeeeeeeeeeeeeeOeHeeen

1da

s

Ak 2 ---TTTTT

dcdacnnnndnnennsnnndd

ke e nEdaTns Heeke eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeOeHee R

1da

o

A

HeekH HeekA eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeOeHee e1 1 Hee R

1da

oH

A

R

1da

oA

A

Heeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeee1

R

1da

oH

A

kH

kA

oA

A

60 kJ2 . n o o . .o .

10 kJ2 . n o n . .o .

anaanaanaaanan a

nnann annaaaasn

aaaanarannn:

anaannaaana

dacdnnndndnnnnnddnndndnndnnnandnnncndadaaasna a

a s o o n . n. n .

n n n

s n s

s n s

] . n o n n. n

l o o n .

l . n

aadsnndndnsnennlnna

) o n . n .

n n n

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Page 6: Cinética química

aadsnndndnsndnnnnlnna:

HeeeeeHe.eeeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeeeenHeee

eeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeoeeeeAeeeeeeeeeH oeeeeeeeee

e eee eeee

eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeee eeeHeeeeeeeoeeeeeeeeeH eeeeeeeee

eeeeeeeeeee

lncanndendndnnnnaccnnn

eeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeHHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeoe eeee He. . n eeeeeeee .o o oeeeeeHeeHeeAeeeeHeeeeeeeeHHe eeeeeeeeeHeee eeHeeeo o eeeHeeeeeeeene

neeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeennaccnnnnnnnnenndanH

oeeeeoeeeeeeneeeeHeeeHeeeoeeeeeeeoeeeeeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeA eeeeAeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeH eeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeH eeHee

eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeee eH

eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeoeeeeeee eeeeeHeeeeeeeeneeAHe eH

,eeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeeeneeeee eHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeHeeeee Heeeeeeeeeeeee eee eHeeeeeeeeeeeHeeedndnnennacnnnndnnnddnnnenndanndnneeeHeeHe eeee eHeeeeee

nnaccnnnnnnnenndan

eeeeHeeeHeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeHeeeeeeHeeee

eeoeeeeeeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeHe eee,eeeeeeeee

eeH eeHeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeHee

eeeeeeneeeHeeeeeeH

nnaccnnnnnnnnenndan

eeee eeeeeeeeeeeeHeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeneeeeeeHeeeeeeeeeeoeeeHeeeeeeoeeeeeeeeeeeeeoeeee eeeeee eeeHeeeeeeeeneee eeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeee

eeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeHeeeeeeeee eeee Hee

eeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeHe eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee

eeeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeHeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeHeeeeeeeeeeoeeeeeeeeeHeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeHee eHeeeeee

lncanndenndnnnnaccnnn

. .. o . n

o .. .

aeHeeeeeeeHeeee

eeeeeeeeeee

= k1 llO2l2

lO2 O lO lO O lO2

lO2 O lO2 lO3 O lO

lO3 O lO lO2 O lO2

Heeee

eeeeee

n n n :

n o :

:

k1

k2

lncanndenndnnnnaccnnn