Formação cidadã, jornalismo e entretenimento no programa CQC

8/9/2019 Formação cidadã, jornalismo e entretenimento no programa CQC

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@G\YALVÄÍA '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 6

3 ” \FEFX@]ÍA% EFD@]ECÄÍA F ]AM@FLCLF '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?

3'3' C e`gdvcdfk |fefx`}`xc f c} f}|yc|àd`c} lf mc~|cäía la ~úie`ma '''''''''''''''''''''''''' ?

3'9' C efd`}ecäía ~cyc c \X ga Iyc}è: c ~yadyckcäía flvmc|`xc |fefx`}àgclc ''''' 39

3'=' C `ghevêgm`c lc |fefx`}ía gc }am`flclf ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 3=

9 ” JAYGCE@]KA% \FEFX@]ÍA F HAYKCÄÍA M@LCLÍ '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 34

9'3' A jaygce`}ka f c haykcäía m`lclí ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 34

9'9' C |fefx`}ía maka kfl`clayc lc haykcäía m`lclí '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' 99

9'=' Maghe`|a} f maa~fycäía ~cyc c haykcäía ~ay kfà la cvlàx`}vce ''''''''''''''''''' 98

= ” C HAYKCÄÍA M@LCLÍ F A MSM '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =>

='3' MSM /Mv}|f a svf mv}|cy) ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =>

='9' @ghaykcäía% ~yf}|cäía lf }fyx`äa}% jaygce`}ka f fg|yf|fg`kfg|a ''''''''''''''''''''' =6

='=' ̂ ya|f}|f Jã% MS\f}|f f MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =8

='='3' A} svclya} '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =8

='='9' Cgãe`}f la} svclya} '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =4

='='9'3' ^ya|f}|f Jã ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' =4

='='9'9' MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c '''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <3

='='9'='MS\f}|f ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <=

='='=' Cgãe`}f dfyce ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <<

MAGMEV]ÍA ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <4

YFHFYÊGM@C] I@IE@ADYÃH@MC] ''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' <0



6

@G\YALVÄÍA

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A jaygce`}ka }fk~yf ha` x`}|a maka `gl`}~fg}ãxfe ca f fymëmà lc lfkamycm`c f lcm`lclcg`c% maka ch`ykav Dakf} /9>>= ' A jaygce`}ka à `k~yf}m`glëxfe ~cyc c}}am`flclf} lfkamyã|`mc} jv}|ckfg|f ~aysvf à mc~cz lf }fyx`y ca `g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma'^yf}|cy }fyx`äa î ~a~vecäía à |ckiàk ~c~fe lc |fefx`}ía% maka xfëmvea lf makvg`mcäía%svf lfxf xae|cy }vc c|fgäía ~cyc c haykcäía m`lclí f ~cyc }vc efd`}ecäía svcg|a î ~yadyckcäía'

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Mak vk ~yadyckc f ì`la fk oayãyà lfgak`gcla gaiyf gc |fefx`}ía iyc}èf`yc% av

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8

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Yaify|a Kcy`goa'

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4

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0

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@}}a à mcycm|fy`zcla ~ay ]alyà /30?3 maka vkc |fg|c|`xc lc |fefx`}ía l`zfy svf cxfylclf }f mag}|yý` ~ay kfà lf yf~yf}fg|cäöf} }am`c`}' C}}`k% ~cyc a cv|ay% cyf~yf}fg|cäía lf vk hfgükfga }am`ce svcesvfy mag}`}|f gvk magjvg|a lf `kcdfg}%f}|yv|vycla ~fea }`}|fkc lf }`dg`h`mcäöf} }am`c`} av lc} c|`|vlf} la} }vjf`|a} lcyf~yf}fg|cäía' F}}c} yf~yf}fg|cäöf} }am`c`} }fyxfk ~cyc haykcy a~`g`öf} f

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33

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39

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36

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lf}`ghaykcla} ~ay csvfec} `ghaykcäöf} svf a} lf` ck maghv}a}' Lf cmayla makTae|ag /3008 % }ía c} a~`g`öf} la} `gl`xëlva} svf mak~öf a ~úie`ma lc |fefx`}ía% svfeof} ~fyk`|fk f}maeofy a svf svfyfk xfy% cmf`|cgla a svf }f c~ya `kc lc} }vc}a~`g`öf} f yfjf`|cgla a} svf a} ~fy|vyic' Gf}}f mag|f |a c |fefx`}ía }f ch`ykc makaxfëmvea lf makvg`mcäía lf kc}}c% ~a`} }fdvgla a cv|ay% |ala kvgla c}}`}|f c} kf}kc}`kcdfg}% kc} g`gdvàk xê c kf}kc ma`}c' Ga fg|cg|a% Tae|ag /3008 ch`ykc svf a kfà

9C} c}}am`cäöf} lf |fef}~fm|clayf}: Cg|fc /C}}am`cäía Gcmàgce lf \fef}~fm|clayf} f Avx`g|f}2 Cgclf|/C}}am`cäía Gcmàgce lf Lfhf}c lc \fefx`}ía 2 Ec |àef f}| î gav} /C |fefx`}ía à ga}}c 2 Eê} ~`fl} lcg} ef

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38

lf makvg`mcäía lf kc}}c gía à vk mcgce svf ~fyk`|f svf c} `kcdfg} mofdvfk calf}|`ga% kc} mag|yìv` mak a lf}fgxaex`kfg|a la c}~fm|a mve|vyce ga svce c} `kcdfg}}f jv}|`h`mck'

ây|cg|a% ~cyc Tae|ag /3008)% c |fefx`}ía à a ―f}~feoa lc }am`flclf‛ f `}}a }`dg`h`mc svfc }am`flclf }f xê c|ycxà} lc |fefx`}ía' ]fdvgla a cv|ay% ca hczfy c }am`flclf yfhef|`y }aiyf }`% c |fefx`}ía my`c% gía c~fgc} vkc `kcdfk f vkc yf~yf}fg|cäía% kc} ~yakaxfvk ecäa c |ala} csvfef} svf c c}}`}|fk' Lf cmayla mak Tae|ag /3008 % c |fefx`}ía à vkla} úg`ma} f fk~ea} fk svf f}}c }am`flclf }f fgmag|yc% ~fyk`|`gla svf mclc vk |fgoccmf}}a c f}}c yf~yf}fg|cäía'

^cyc Tae|ag /3008 % }f c |fefx`}ía c|yc` ~úie`ma% gía à }ý ~aysvf fec l`}}fk`gc `kcdfg}%kc} |ckiàk ~aysvf c yfecäía mak a kvgla svf fec }`kiae`zc f}|ã ―}`g|ag`zclc‛ mak cc|`|vlf mve|vyce lak`gcg|f% ~yf}fg|f ga ma|`l`cga lc} ~f}}ac}' ]fdvgla a cv|ay% c|fefx`}ía |aygc+}f `g}f~cyãxfe lc lfkamycm`c lf kc}}c f ~yfm`}c yf}~f`|cy a `gl`xëlva f ~yaxfy a m`lclía% `}|a à% lcy ca f}~fm|clay% a} kfà} lf magofmfy a kvgla fk svf fefx`xf' Tae|ag /3008 ch`ykc svf c |fefx`}ía% à% vkc svf}|ía |ía `k~ay|cg|f svcg|a îflvmcäía% c }cúlf av c lfhf}c% ~cyc a lf}fgxaex`kfg|a lc} }am`flclf}'



34

9 ” JAYGCE@]KA% \FEFX@]ÍA F HAYKCÄÍA M@LCLÍ

F}}f mc~ë|vea xc` |yc|cy lc ~yã|`mc lc ~yf}|cäía lf }fyx`äa} ~ay kfà la} xfëmvea} lfmakvg`mcäía lf kc}}c% f}~fm`h`mckfg|f lc |fefx`}ía' A aijf|`xa la mc~ë|vea à ciaylcy c`k~ay|égm`c lf}}c ~yf}|cäía lf }fyx`äa} ~cyc c haykcäía la} m`lclía} f svc`} a}lf}chà} fghyfg|cla} ~cyc svf }f cemcgmf f}}f} aijf|`xa}% efxcgla fk mag|c a svf lfh`gfc ef` }aiyf c ~yadyckcäía flvmc|`xc f lf ~yf}|cäía lf }fyx`äa}% svf ~yakaxfk chaykcäía m`lclí'

^cyc ^fyvzza /9>>= % c kël`c jã }f ~yf}|c c lfkamyc|`zcäía lc `ghaykcäía f lamagofm`kfg|a' ̂ cyc c cv|ayc% c kël`c |fk mag|yìvëla% fkiayc gía }fjc lf|fyk`gcg|f% ga ~yamf}}a lf magofm`kfg|a f haykcäía mve|vyce f cmf}}a î `ghaykcäía% ~alfgla ~fymfify }vc `k~ay|égm`c gc ~yakaäía lc m`lclcg`c' F `}}a |fk }`la hf`|a ~ay kfà lcmakvg`mcäía m`lclí% svf }fdvgla ^fyvzza /9>>= % à hf`|c ~fec lfkamyc|`zcäía la ~alfy lf makvg`mcy f svf yf~yf}fg|c c haykcäía lf vkc }am`flclf gía }ý lf yfmf~|ayf}% kc}`dvcekfg|f lf fk`}}ayf}'

9'3' A jaygce`}ka f c haykcäía m`lclí

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~úie`ma' À `}}a ~cyc a cv|ay% a svf |aygcy`c a jaygce`}ka vkc `g}|`|v`äía efd`|`kclc la ~ag|a lf x`}|c }am`ce' ]fgla c}}`k ~cyc Dakf} /9>>= % svcgla }f hcec lf }fyx`äa lf



3?

`g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma% av svcgla }f ch`ykc svf a jaygce`}ka }fyxf î a~`g`ía ~úie`mc% cam`lclía makvk% î }am`flclf f ca ifk makvk% kcg|êk+}f `gce|fyclc c `là`c lf svfcsvèa svf hay la `g|fyf}}f f svf ~yakaxc c m`lclcg`c }fyã aijf|a la }fyx`äa svf a jaygce`}ka ~yf}|c î }am`flclf'

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Kc} Dakf} /9>>= ch`ykc svf c l`}mv}}ía ~úie`mc m`xè% gía à hyfsvfg|fkfg|f ~yc|`mclcgc} }am`flclf}' A cv|ay lfmecyc% svf gf}}f mag|f |a% }ý yf}|c c}}fdvycla a ~c~fe la

`g}|`|v|a lc fef`äía hf`|a ~fec f}hfyc m`xè% lf haykc svf }f ~alf ch`ykcy svf clfkamycm`c mag|fk~ayégfc f}|ã gc lfkamycm`c fef`|ayce' Av }fjc% c kcày`c la}m`lclía} xffk c lfkamycm`c }akfg|f svcgla |êk l`yf`|a ca xa|a' Gf}}f }fg|`la% ~cyc acv|ay% a jaygce`}ka ~alf }fyx`y î f}hfyc m`xè% l`}~agìè`zcgla `ghaykcäía fmagofm`kfg|a + gfmf}}ãyà} fk |fk~a} lc gía c|`x`lclf mëx`mc% av }fjc lf fef`äöf}% f lfl`}|cgm`ckfg|a fg|yf }am`flclf f ~aeë|`mc ” lf svf c m`lclcg`c gfmf}}`|c ~cyc |akcy ~a}`äía gc} magmayyêgm`c} fef`|ayc`}% kvg`gla a m`lclía lf cydvkfg|a} ~cyc f}maeoc la

xa|a% ~ay f fk~ea'

Ha` ~ay kfà lc mag}`lfycäía la xa|a% svf }fdvgla ]èxc /9>>9 % a jaygce`}ka ~úie`ma}vyd`v ga} F}|cla} Vg`la}' Lf cmayla mak a cv|ay% x`v+}f c gfmf}}`lclf lf ~yakaxfy vk jaygce`}ka svf ka|`xc}}f a} gay|f+ckfy`mcga} ca xa|a% svf ~cyc fef} à hcmve|c|`xa% ~a`} a} jaygc`} gía mag}fdv`ck kc`} c|yc`y ef`|vyc% ~fec haykc maka c `k~yfg}cl`xvedcxc c} `ghaykcäöf}% ~cv|cgla ~fea lyckc' C}}`k% }fdvgla ]èxc /9>>9 % a}

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30

gía fgmag|yav vk magmf`|a lfh`g`|`xa' Kc} ]èxc /9>>9 ch`ykc svf }f ~alf l`zfy svfgía à vkc mý~`c la kalfea gay|f+ckfy`mcga% f svf vkc lc} ~y`gm`~c`} xfy|fg|f} ~cyc amagmf`|a lf jaygce`}ka ~úie`ma ga Iyc}è à a \fymf`ya ]f|ay' ^cyc a cv|ay% c} AGD¼} |êk ~yamvycla haykc} lf cgdcy`cy f}~cäa gc kël`c' Gf}}f }fg|`la% c} `ghaykcäöf} }aiyflf}fgxaex`kfg|a }am`ce ~yakax`la ~fec} AGD¼} }fy`ck% }aiyf|vla% a haygfm`kfg|a lfmag|fúla} svf yfhef|fk }aiyf c yf}~ag}ciè`lclf }am`ce'

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99

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9'9' C |fefx`}ía maka kfl`clayc lc haykcäía m`lclí

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96

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^cyc ]flpm`c} /9>>4 % c |fefx`}ía ~alf }fy vkc hfyyckfg|c cmclêk`mc ú|è% f |fk }`lav}clc fk }cec} lf cvec mak h`gce`lclf} cmclêk`mc} lf}lf 304>' Lf cmayla mak a cv|ay%a} ~yadyckc} lf |fefx`}ía }ía v}cla} ~cyc cjvlcy my`cgäc} fk xãy`c} c|`x`lclf}% f }íav|è`zcla} fk magjvg|a mak av|ya} kc|fy`c`} lf fg}`gckfg|a% ~cyc lcy vkc ~ya `k`lclfkc`} ciycgdfg|f ca} kà|ala} lf c~yfgl`zcla' @}}a |fk ~yaxcla }fy fh`m`fg|f vkc xfzsvf }fdvgla ]flpm`c} /9>>4 % c} my`cgäc} ~yfhfyfk c~yfglfy x`}vcekfg|f svcgla kc`} jaxfg}'

ây|cg|a% c f}maec lfxf lcy /fg hasvf a kvgla cvlàx`}vce' Mcygf`ya /9>>9 }vdfyf svf}f hcäc lc \X aijf|a lf f}|vla% magofmfgla c e`gdvcdfk% c ~yadyckcäía% c} magl`äöf}lf ~yalväía f lf yfmf~äía f |yciceof a} magmf`|a} gc f}maec' Lf cmayla mak c cv|ayc%f}|vla} dcycg|fk svf }f lfxf ciaylcy c yfecäía flvmcäía+|fefx`}ía c ~cy|`y lf |yê}

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magjvg|a mak c f}maec' ]f c \X v|è`zc lf `kcdfg} ~cyc c|`gd`y l`hfyfg|f} mckclc} lc ~a~vecäía f l`hfyfg|f} c}~fm|a} lc yfce`lclf }am`ce c f}maec |ckiàk lfxf yfmagofmfy c`k~ay|égm`c lc yf~yf}fg|cäía `müg`mc ~cyc mag|`gvcy }fgla c|ycfg|f î} my`cgäc}% ~ay f fk~ea'

Ic}|c c~fgc} svf c f}maec: + cmf`|f c ~cy|`y lc yfce`lclf la flvmcgla% fk svf cmve|vyc e`xyf}mc svc}f gía }f magh`dvyc f svf à% }aiyf|vla mcycm|fy`zclc ~fec |ycl`äíaayce f cdayc |fefx`}`xc2 l`}|`gdc ~ag|a lf ~cy|`lc /c yfce`lclf la cevga f }vc haykc lfc~yffg}ía lf}}c yfce`lclf lf ~ag|a lf mofdclc /mak~yffg}ía myë|`mc lc yfce`lclf 2yfmayyc c vk mck`goa% maka kà|ala% c v|è`zcäía lc `kcdfk f la l`ãeada ~cyc cyfce`zcäía% ~cyc c mag}|yväía lc mag}m`êgm`c myë|`mc la flvmcgla /svf ―`k~e`mc ceìfy|cäía la oakfk lf }vc} e`k`|cäöf} f `gl`dêgm`c} ~fec mag}m`êgm`c lfec}‛)/^FG\FCLA% 3003% ~'333

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A |yciceoa f}maec f \X% ~ay|cg|a% |fk fk makvk c mag}|cg|f iv}mc ~fea magofm`kfg|asvf à ~alfy' @}}a à mcycm|fy`zcla ~fea mag|yaef svf a m`lclía ~alf |fy la}cmag|fm`kfg|a} ca }fv yflay' Gf}}f }fg|`la% jã svf c f}maec f c |fefx`}ía }ía ~yalv|ayc}lf magofm`kfg|a} f ~ay e`lcy mak c} kc}}c}% lfxfk l`yfmàgcy }vc} c|fgäöf} ~cyc vk|`~a lf ~yakaäía la magofm`kfg|a lf haykf m`lclía}'

Gf}}f }fg|`la xê+}f fk cedvg} ~yadyckc} |fefx`}`xa}% ~fy}agcdfg} svf |êk f ~fy`êgm`c%mak c ~yakaäía la magofm`kfg|a% maka a c~yf}fg|clay la MSM% Kcymfea \c}' Ac~yf}fg|clay% svf jã ~cy|`m`~av lf ~yadyckc} svf |yav fyck lf kala l`yf|a c f}maec% ~cyc c |fefx`}ía% maka a ^yahf}}ay \ìúymà% lfkag}|yav mafyêgm`c gc ~yakaäía lamagofm`kfg|a% ca `g}fy`y c f}maec gc \X'

]fdv`gla c kf}kc e`goc% a égmayc f c~yf}fg|clay la MSM% iv}mc `ghaykcy a

|fef}~fm|clay lf }fv ~yadyckc% vk ~úie`ma clve|a% lc} }`|vcäöf} svf a fgxaexfk fk }fv



90

ma|`l`cga' C} kc|ày`c} f svclya} la MSM% mag|êk magmf`|a} svf fghc|`zck gc ~yakaäía lc m`lclcg`c% maka `ghaykcäöf} }aiyf a} l`yf`|a} f lfxfyf} la} f}~fm|clayf}%mak la}f} lf ovkay% svf mag}fdvf kcg|fy cvl`êgm`c'



=>

= ” C HAYKCÄÍA M@LCLÍ F A MSM

='3' MSM /Mv}|f a svf mv}|cy)

A MSM /Mv}|f a svf mv}|cy à vk ~yadyckc f ì`la gc Yflf Icglf`ycg|f} lf \fefx`}ía/ Icgl svf yfúgf jaygce`}ka f ovkay maka haykc lf ~yakaxfy c `ghaykcäía% ~ay kfàlf }fv} svclya} f haykc|a jaygceë}|`ma% mak kc|ày`c} f yf~ay|cdfg}' A ~yadyckc f}|yfavfk kcyäa lf 9>>?%gc Icgl f }vc my`cäía à lc Fpftab}+Mvc|ya Mcifzc}=% ~yalv|ayc laMv}|f a svf Mv}|cy svf |fk a ~yadyckc f ì`la% fk av|ya} ~cë}f} maka Cydfg|`gc%Moèf% F}~cgoc% ceàk la Iyc}è<' ]fdvgla a jaygce`}|c Kcymfea \c}% c l`hfyfgäc la MSMfg|yf a} ~cë}f}% à mve|vyce% fk svf mclc ~cë} |fk vk ovkay ~fmve`cy% f f}|ã ga} hc|a}ciaylcla} ~fea ~yadyckc' Av }fjc% ~cyc fef c úg`mc ma`}c }fkfeocg|f à a mfgãyà f a|fyga ~yf|a'

Ma}|vka l`zfy ca L`fda Dvfife% lc Mvc|ya Mcifzc}% svf |fk }flf fk Ivfga} C`yf}%svf a MSM à c ~y`kf`yc ma`}c svf lfv mfy|a ga KFYMA]VE# ^fg}a svf Iyc}è fCydfg|`gc |êk kv`|c} ma`}c} c |yamcy' @ghfe`zkfg|f% la ecla lf mã% la ecla iyc}èf`yac`glc yaec kv`|a ~yfmagmf`|a f `dgayégm`c' Fef} clayck c dfg|f# /\C]% 9>>06

Ga Iyc}è% a MSM `g`màv+}f mak }f|f `g|fdycg|f} oakfg}% f yfmfg|fkfg|f c ~yalväíala ~yadyckc yfce`zav c }fefäía ~cyc a a`|cxa `g|fdycg|f la MSM% svcgla ha` f}maeo`lcvkc kveofy% Küg`mc @azz`% c~ý} xãy`c} f|c~c} la ~yamf}}a }fef|`xa' ^cyc a jaygce`}|cKcymfea \c}% mak vkc kveofy c} yfvg`öf} lf ~cv|c la ~yadyckc h`mcyck kc`}cdyclãxf`}'

A} ga}}a} fg|yfx`}|cla} |ckiàk hayck aiy`dcla} c }f maeamcy gvkc gaxc }`|vcäía'\fk kv`|a jadclay lf hv|fiae f cy|`}|c hcka}a}% maka Mo`ma Ivcysvf% ~ay f fk~ea%c~c` agcla ~fec Küg`mc' /\C]% 9>>08

A MSM à f ì`la î} }fdvglc}+hf`yc}% î} 99o36% f |fk yf~y`}f} ca} }ãicla}% î} 9=o<6% gcIcgl' A ~yadyckc% svf c~yf}fg|c |fkc} maka ~aeë|`mc% c|vce`lclf}% mfefiy`lclf}%f}~ay|f}% f av|ya} mak vk |ak lf ovkay f `yag`c% ~alf }fy lfh`g`la maka vk yf}vka}fkcgce lf ga|ëm`c}% maka à ch`ykcla fkahh 4% ca `gëmà la MSM' C haykc maka }f

= Fk cda}|a lf 9>>4 a dyv~a oaecglê} Fpftayb} mak~yav c Mvc|ya Mcifzc}% ~yalv|ayc cydfg|`gc' Cvg`ía mak a dyv~a oaecglê} lfv gaxc lfgak`gcäía c fk~yf}c% svf cla|av a gakf Fpftayb} ” Mvc|yaMcifzc}' Hag|f : o||~:!!ttt'mvc|yamcifzc}'mak!`glf 3'o|ke'< Hag|f : o||~:!!ttt'mvc|yamcifzc}'mak!`glf 3'o|ke'6

Fk ic|f ~c~a ga }`|f Y4% lc Yflf Yfmayl% fk 94!3>!9>>0'8 Fk ic|f ~c~a ga }`|f Y4% lc Yflf Yfmayl% fk 94!3>!9>>0'4 Xaz eamv|ay la ~yadyckc



=3

c~yf}fg|ck c} kc|ày`c} ga ~yadyckc% ~alf }fy vkc mcycm|fyë}|`mc c|yc|`xc }fdvgla a svfch`ykc Y`gmýg /9>>9 ' ^cyc a cv|ay% a} ~yadyckc} |fefx`}`xa} lfxfk c|yc`y a|fef}~fm|clay svf à haykcla ga f}~f|ãmvea% svf xê a mcygcxce% hf}|c% magmfy|a f hv|fiae ~fec |fefx`}ía' Hv|fiae f fxfg|a} }am`c`} }ía cedvkc} lc} maify|vyc} jaygceë}|`mc} hf`|c} ~fea} yf~ýy|fyf} la MSM' Y`gmýg /9>>9 lf}|cmc |ckiàk% svf c f}|yv|vyc lc |fefx`}ía ~úie`mc% lfxf iv}mcy c f}|à|`mc% c `gaxcäía lc gcyyc|`xc% c cify|vyc lf dêgfya} fhaykc|a}% c f ~eaycäía lf `là`c} f a c~cyfm`kfg|a lf gaxa} |cefg|a}% mcycm|fyë}|`mc}f}}c}% svf yf~yf}fg|ck a haykc|a la MSM'

Ga Iyc}è% }fdvgla lcla} l`xvedcla} ~fec Haeoc lf ]' ^cvea? c cvl`êgm`c lc Icglmag}fdv`v laiycy% c~ý} c f ì`äía la MSM% fk kcà lf 9>>?% gc} ga`|f} lf }fdvglc+hf`yc% fk }f`} ~ag|a} lf kàl`c% mak ~`ma lf a`|a ~ag|a}% h`mcgla fk |fymf`ya evdcy ga@ia~f lc Dycglf ]ía ^cvea' C|vcekfg|f% a ~yadyckc |fk a }fdvgla kcày ìa~f lcIcglf`ycg|f}% h`mcgla c|yã} ga Iyc}è Vydfg|f% f ì`la î} 34o=> f fk~c|cla mak aJaygce lc Icgl% f ì`la î} 9>o'

C Yflf Icglf`ycg|f} /Icgl % ga fg|cg|a% magh`ykav c} mcycm|fyë}|`mc} `gaxclayc}% svflfxfk f}|cy ~yf}fg|f} gc |fefx`}ía% f gc iv}mc lf gaxa} |cefg|a}% l`}my`k`gclc} ~ay

Y`gmýg /9>>9 % ca mak~ycy a} l`yf`|a} lf f ì`äía la MSM% lc Fpftayb} ” Mvc|yaMcifzc}' C Icgl% lvycg|f kv`|a} cga} ha` magofm`lc maka fk`}}ayc la f}~ay|f' A mcgcemakfäav c `gxf}|`y kc`} ga }fdkfg|a f}~ay|`xa c ~cy|`y lf 30?=% mak c f}|yà`c la―]oat la F}~ay|f‛' Mak c kcyc|agc lf |ycg}k`}}íalf mak~f|`äöf} ca} lak`gda}%eada c fk`}}ayc }f mag}cdycxc maka a Mcgce la F}~ay|f'

Kc} a Dyv~a Icglf`ycg|f}% f}~fm`h`mckfg|f c \X% }f lfh`gf% maka ~yaka|ayc la

jaygce`}ka% lc fkaäía la f}~ay|f f lf ~yadyckc} svf fg|yf|êk% l`xfy|fk f `ghaykck'0 Gf}|f }fg|`la% kf}mec+}f a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a f `ghaykcäía ga ~yadyckc MSM% ~ay kfà ~y`gm`~cekfg|f lc }|cgl v~ makflp ” |`~a lf c~yf}fg|cäía fk svf c f}~ag|cgf`lclf àfefkfg|a `gl`}~fg}ãxfe' Fef} v|è`zck+}f lf}|c mcycm|fyë}|`mc hyfsvfg|fkfg|f% a svf hczmak svf a jaygce`}ka hf`|a mak ovkay |fgoc }fg|`la' ^cyc ]alyà /30?3 c `g|fy~fecäíal`yf|c fhf|vclc ~fea c~yf}fg|clay /|ceb`gd ofcl % ~yf}fg|f gc }|cgl v~ makflp%à a

?L`}~agëxfe fk ttt3'haeoc'vae'mak'iy!haeoc!èv}|yclc!ve|0>v<>6?90'}o|ke' Cmf}}a fk 94 lf kcà lf9>>?'

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=9

fefkfg|a hã|`ma% av }fjc% lf makvg`mcäía f iv}mc ~fec ~ya `k`lclf% kc`} x`}ëxfe lc|fefx`}ía' ^cyc a cv|ay% c hckè`cy`lclf `g}|cvyclc ~fea ya}|a la c~yf}fg|clay avyf~ýy|fy% fk c|`|vlf lf ~ya `k`lclf% gc|vyce`zc c c~yf}fg|cäía la kvgla ~fec |fefx`}ía'C hvgäía la |ceb`gd ofcl ga MSM f}|ã~y`gm`~cekfg|f% mak a jaygce`}|c Kcymfea \c}'

]fdvgla `ghaykcäöf} la }`|f3> la ~yadyckc% Kcymfea \c} à jaygce`}|c% c|ay%c~yf}fg|clay% ya|f`y`}|c f l`yf|ay lf l`xfy}a} ~yadyckc} lf |fefx`}ía f yãlà' ―\c}‛ h`mavmagofm`la ~fea }fv ~fy}agcdfk ovkayë}|`ma Fygf}|a Xcyfec% yf~ýy|fy h`m|ëmà svf`yag`zcxc ~fy}agce`lclf} mak ~fydvg|c} lf}magmfy|cg|f} lvycg|f c cify|vyc ~aeë|`mc' A jaygce`}|c |ckiàk |fxf ~cy|`m`~cäöf} ga} ~yadyckc} Xëlfa ]oat /Yflf Deaia fX`|y`gf /\X Mve|vyc ' Kcymfea \c} |ckiàk ha` c|ay% l`yf|ay f ya|f`y`}|c lf ~yadyckc} ~yfk`cla}% maka c} }ày`f} Yã+\`k+Ivk /aglf `g|fy~yf|cxc a ^yahf}}ay \ìúymà f aMc}|fea Yã+\`k+Ivk /ga svclya âysvf ]`k Gía À Yf}~a}|c '

Gc ãyfc flvmc|`xc% }fdvgla a }`|f33 la ~yadyckc MSM% \c} myàv a dckf )Ifma lc}^cecxyc}) ~cyc a Kv}fv lc Eëgdvc ây|vdvf}c2 f ha` a Maaylfgclay lf My`cäía la\fefmvy}a lc Hvglcäía Yaify|a Kcy`goa' C|vcekfg|f% Kcymfea à cv|ay f c~yf}fg|clay la Iead la \c} ga ~ay|ce lf `g|fygf| VAE' ^fymfif+}f% gc |ycjf|ýy`c la c~yf}fg|clay%

égmayc laMSM%}vc ~yfamv~cäía mak c haykcäía f `ghaykcäía% mag}`lfycgla }vc|ycjf|ýy`c ga mck~a flvmc|`xa' Ceàk l`}}a% Kcymfea \c} jã ~yc|`mcxc c }|cgl v~ makflp%lfy`xclc la MSM cydfg|`ga% mak a yf~ýy|fy Fygf}|a Xcyfec'

Cmak~cgock Kcymfea \c}% gc icgmclc la MSM% a} yf~ýy|fyf}% Ych`goc Ic}|a}% maka àmagofm`la f Kcyma Evsvf' C} `ghaykcäöf} la }`|f la ~yadyckc39 lf}myfxfk svfYch`goc Ic}|a} |fxf mag|c|a mak c cy|f lc }|cgl v~ makflpsvcgla }f kvlav ~cyc a}

F}|cla} Vg`la}% aglf h`mav ~ay 36 cga}' Ych`goc v|è`zc c @g|fygf| ~cyc l`xvedcy a }fv|yciceoa f oajf }f c~yf}fg|c ~fea Iyc}è mak c makàl`c }aea% C Cy|f la @g}ve|a' Ceàk lfmak~ay c icgmclc la MSM% fef hcz }|cgl+v~ makflp% f}~f|ãmvea} lf `k~yax`}a f c`glc ~ya|cdag`zc vk }fy`cla gc \X c mcia'

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39 o||~:!!ttt'icgl'mak'iy!msm ' Cmf}}cla fk 9<!3>!9>>0'

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==

Kcyma Evsvf hcz ~cy|f la fefgma h` a la Dyv~a\fyäc @g}cgc% aglf }f c~yf}fg|c|ckiàk ga haykc|a }|cgl v~ makflp' ]fdvgla a }`|f 3= la MSM% Evsvf jã c|vav ga}oat Makàl`c ca Mvia% la} C}|ya} Icy f ga dyv~a Mak~cgo`c la} Ëmagf} f fk ~fäc}maka )Svcgla c} Kãsv`gc} ^cyck)% lf êëgà Kcyma}' A `g|fdycg|f la MSM |ckiàk àeamv|ay% kf}|yf lf mfy`küg`c% hcz makfym`c`} f à cy|`}|c ~eã}|`ma'

Ceàk lc icgmclc% a ~yadyckc MSM mag|c mak kc`} m`gma yf~ýy|fyf}% Lcgèa Dfg|è`%Ychcfe May|fz% Hfe`~f Cglyfae`% A}mcy Hèoa f Küg`mc @azz`% svf ha` f}maeo`lc c a`|c`g|fdycg|f la ~yadyckc' Lf cmayla mak a }`|f3< la ~yadyckc% Lcgèa Dfg|è` à ~vie`m`|ãyà% ovkay`}|c% f}my`|ay f mcy|vg`}|c f hfz }vc ~y`kf`yc c~yf}fg|cäía fk }|cgl v~makflp fk 9>>6' A yf~ýy|fy laMSM ha` hvglclay lc Makàl`c ca X`xa f `g|fdyc|ckiàk a Mevif lc Makàl`c ]|cgl+v~% ~y`gm`~ce dyv~a la dêgfya ga ~cë}' Lcgèa à vkla} ~y`gm`~c`} l`xvedclayf} lc Makàl`c]|cgl+V~ga Iyc}è'

Ychcfe May|fz à c|ay% kú}`ma f jaygce`}|c f }fdvgla a }`|f36 la MSM% gc \X% ceàk lfl`xfy}a} hèkf} ~vie`m`|ãyà}% Ychcfe ~cy|`m`~av lf ~yalväöf} `glf~fglfg|f} xf`mveclc}gc} yflf} MG\% Dczf|c f Yflf Kveofy lf \fefx`}ía' A yf~ýy|fy la MSM à jaygce`}|chaykcla ~fec ^VM+]^ f |yciceoav fk l`xfy}c} c}}f}}ay`c} lf `k~yfg}c% gc yfx`}|c lc

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makfäav mfla gc \X Yfmayl% |yciceocgla gc ~yalväía lf ~yadyckc}% f mak c~fgc} 9>cga} mofdav c c~yf}fg|cy vk svclya fk vk ~yadyckc fxcgdàe`ma' F}}c f ~fy`êgm`c amc~cm`|av ~cyc |yciceocy mak l`xfy}a} ~úie`ma}' Lf~a`} ha` ~cyc \X Mve|vyc% aglfck~eàv }vc} hvgäöf} mak yf~ay|cdfk% x`lfayyf~ay|cdfk f c~yf}fg|cäía'

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Mak c f ~fy`êgm`c la} `g|fdycg|f} la ~yadyckc% mak a jaygce`}ka f a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a% aMSM v|è`zc lf}}c} lvc} kalce`lclf} lf ~yalväía |fefx`}`xc ~cyc ~yakaxfy a y`}a% f lc ~`clc% ~cyc hczfy jaygce`}ka' ây|cg|a% à ~a}}ëxfe ~fymfify svf a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a gía àgfmf}}cy`ckfg|f vk fefkfg|a lf}magh`dvyclay maka ch`ykc Ifyga /9>>= ' ^cyc a cv|ay%a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a |fk f}~cäa kcày svf c `ghaykcäía lfx`la î ~yfamv~cäía mak xfyic ~vie`m`|ãy`c% svf lfkcglc c cvl`êgm`c la} ~yadyckc} |fefx`}`xa}' Ifyga /9>>= ch`ykcsvf c ~yfamv~cäía mak dycglf} cvl`êgm`c} amayyf fk lf|y`kfg|a î mve|vyc f amagofm`kfg|a svf a} ~yadyckc} lc \X gía ga} |ycg}k`|fk% |ycg}haykcgla a} xfëmvea}lf makvg`mcäía fk kfà} lf f ~eaycäía lf l`gof`ya f lf ~yadyckc} }fk mag|fúla`ghaykc|`xa'

Ga fg|cg|a% a MSM v|è`zc ~vie`m`lclf} gc} mockclc} f fgmfyyckfg|a lc} kc|ày`c}% jãsvf c |fefx`}ía lf~fglf }`k lf xfyic ~vie`m`|ãy`c ~cyc mag}fdv`y kcg|fy a} ~yadyckc}'Cgvgm`cg|f} maka ]bae% \y`lfg|f% ]bp% Cg|fgc} ^cyciýe`mc} Fe}pv}% Maedc|f f ^f~}` ~a}}vfk `g}fyäöf}% lvycg|f a ~yadyckc f ga} `g|fyxcea}% svf f}|ía ~yf}fg|f}% |ckiàk% ~fec f `}|êgm`c la fg|yf|fg`kfg|a ga MSM'

A fg|yf|fg`kfg|a% svf à ka|f ~cyc cvl`êgm`c% }fyxf ~cyc yf}}ce|cy cedvkc}

mcycm|fyë}|`mc}la jaygce`}ka ―}àyà‛% maka a} yfmvy}a} cvlàx`}vc`} ~cyc f ~ay c}yfcäöf} la} fg|yfx`}|cla}' ^cyc svf a ~yadyckc mag|`gvf }fgla f ì`la% magmf`|a}m`|cla} ~ay Y`gmýg /9>>9 }ía gfmf}}ãyà}% maka c `g}fyäía lf mag|fúla} svf fghasvfkl`xfy}`lclf} f}|à|`mc}% à|g`mc}% cki`fg|c`} f lf }fg}ìè`lclf}% lfkcglcgla% ~ay|cg|a% a`gxf}|`kfg|a lf mc~`|ce% svf xfk mak c ~vie`m`lclf'

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=6

='9' @ghaykcäía% ~yf}|cäía lf }fyx`äa}% jaygce`}ka f fg|yf|fg`kfg|a

A kà|ala lf ~f}sv`}c v|è`zcla }fyã a lf cgãe`}f lf mag|fúla la} svclya} ^ya|f}|f Jã%MS\f}|f%f MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c3?% ga} svc`} }ía c~yf}fg|clc} `ghaykcäöf} }aiyf a} l`yf`|a}f lfxfyf} la m`lclía f lf mag|fúla dfyce' A} svclya} f}maeo`la} ~yf|fglfk ka}|ycy svfa MSM |fk vkc ciaylcdfk svf iv}mc c ~ya `k`lclf mak a |fef}~fm|clay' SvcglaX`f`yc /9>>= ch`ykc svf `ghaykcäía f magofm`kfg|a ~yf}}v~öfk c|`x`lclf} ~cy|`m`~cg|f} gc kël`c% fef svfy l`zfy a m`lclía c}}`}|f c vk ~yadyckc lf |fefx`}ía%svcgla f}}f ~yadyckc |fk a ~y`gmë~à la yf}~f`|a ca} xceayf} f `lfc`} la f}~fm|clay'

Kcymfea \c}% vk la} c~yf}fg|clayf} la ~yadyckc MSM% ciyf a ~yadyckc l`zfgla chyc}f: ―A ~yadyckc lc hckëe`c iyc}èf`yc‛' @}}a lã magl`äöf}î ch`ykcäía lf X`f`yc/9>>= % svf lfmecyc svf c xfylclf gía ~fy|fgmf ca} kfà} lf makvg`mcäía% kc} î}am`flclf' ]v~öf+}f svf c `g|fgäía la c~yf}fg|clay la MSM à lcy ca m`lclía c xaz svffef ~yfm`}c gc }am`flclf'

A MSM ~yakaxf a jaygce`}ka% ce`cla ca fg|yf|fg`kfg|a /ovkay % f c ~yã|`mc lc }|cgl v~ makflp% svf }fdvgla Dv|kcgg% ]cg|a} f Dakf} /9>>? à vk |`~a lf c~yf}fg|cäía

fk svf c f}~ag|cgf`lclf à fefkfg|a `gl`}~fg}ãxfe% mcycm|fy`zclc ~fea `k~yax`}a f }fkyfmvy}a} lf fl`äía' A MSM ~alf }fy `lfg|`h`mcla maka vk ~yadyckc svf }f ~yfamv~cmak a `g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma f mak c myflìè`lclf lc `ghaykcäía% svf ~alfk }fy cgce`}cla}ga} svclya} ^ya|f}|f Jã% MS\f}|f f MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c% fk svf }ía lfkag}|yclc} c}x`xêgm`c} la} m`lclía} f }fv} l`yf`|a} f lfxfyf}% mak~cy|èocla} gc efd`}ecäía f galfxfy lf `ghaykcy a f}~fm|clay'

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=8

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^cyc `}}a% mc|fday`c} lf cgãe`}f }fyía mag}`lfyclc} ~cyc a f}|vla f ~f}sv`}c la} svclya}m`|cla} la ~yadyckc MSM' Vk la} my`|àyà} }fyã c yfce`zcäía lc hvgäía }am`ce lc kël`c%ga svf }f yfhfyf c ~yakaäía lc m`lclcg`c2 |ckiàk }fyã cgce`}clc c ~yalväía la} ~yadyckc} lf |fefx`}ía% ~cyc fg|fglfyka} maka à ~a}}ëxfe hczfy vk ~yadyckc svfaijf|`xf c haykcäía la f}~fm|clay% ~ay kfà lc vg`ía la jaygce`}ka f fg|yf|fg`kfg|a2 akala maka c `ghaykcäía à l`xvedclc ~ay kfà lc ~cy|`m`~cäía la ~úie`ma gc}dycxcäöf}% f ~ay úe|`ka }fyía mag}`lfyclc} c} hag|f} lf `ghaykcäía svf f}|íayfecmàgclc} î myflìè`lclf la jaygce`}ka'

='=' ^ya|f}|f Jã% MS\f}|f f MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c

='='3' A} svclya}

A ^ya|f}|f Jã |fk lvycäía lf 3= k`gv|a} f mcycm|fy`zc+}f maka yf~ay|cdfk% jã svfciaylc |fkc} lf yfefxégm`c }am`ce' Mak c maify|vyc la} ~yaiefkc} lc} m`lclf}% a

svclya lfkag}|yc mecyckfg|f c x`gmvecäía la ~yadyckc c magmf`|a} la jaygce`}ka makayf}~ag}ciè`lclf }am`ce f `g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma% m`|cla} ~ay Dakf} /9>>= ' C} `ghaykcäöf}gc |fec% c} hag|f} v|è`zclc}% a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a% }ía v}cla} ~cyc lcy êghc}f ca }fg|`la lf―}fyx`äa ~úie`ma‛% av|yc mcycm|fyë}|`mc la jaygce`}ka'

A svclya à maglvz`la ~fea yf~ýy|fy Ych`goc Ic}|a}% svf mak~öf c icgmclc la MSM% jvg|a c Kcymfea \c} f Kcyma Evsvf' A yf~ýy|fy c~cyfmf lvycg|f c mockclc ga

~yadyckc% }fgla xf}|`la% maka }v~fy+ofyý`% mak vkc hcg|c}`c lf ka}mc% fk fhf`|a}l`d`|c`}% av }fjc% mak vkc |fmgaead`c lf lf}`dg dyãh`ma lf ~yalväía |fefx`}`xc' C ka}mcà vkc mcycm|fyë}|`mc yfkf|`lc ca} `g|fdycg|f} la MSM svf à f ~yf}}c gc hyc}f l`|c}fk~yf ca h`gce la} ~yadyckc}: ―Fef} f}|ía c }ae|c% kc} gý} f}|cka} mayyfgla c|yã}lfef}‛'

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A MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c à c~yf}fg|cgla ~fea} yf~ýy|fyf} Ychcfe May|fz f Lcgèa Dfg|è`' Asvclya |fk lvycäía lf m`gma k`gv|a} f à mak~a}|a ~ay kc|ày`c} }aiyf c ~aeë|`mc iyc}èf`yc% av }fjc% }aiyf c efd`}ecäía feciayclc ~fea} ~aeë|`ma} lf |ala a ~cë} ~y`gm`~cekfg|f fk Iyc}ëe`c f fk ]ía ^cvea'

A MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c à `g}fy`la lvycg|f a ~yadyckc% ~ay kfà lc mockclc yfce`zclc ~ay Kcymfea \c}' C mockclc f ~e`mc a svf }fyã ciaylcla lvycg|f c kc|ày`c f à ~yfmfl`lc lfmakfg|ãyà} la Kcymfea \c}% jvg|a c }fv} mak~cgof`ya} lf icgmclc% Ych`goc Ic}|a} fKcyma Evsvf% svf c~yf}fg|ck |ckiàk svce yf~ýy|fy yfce`zav a svclya fk svf}|ía'

A MS|f}|f à vk jada lf ~fydvg|c} f yf}~a}|c} mak cy|`}|c} svf |êk svf yf}~aglfy svf}|öf} svf ciaylck |fkc} maka m`êgm`c}% o`}|ýy`c% ~aeë|`mc f f}~ay|f}' A svclya àc~yf}fg|cla ~fea yf~ýy|fy Ychcfe May|fz f ce`c `ghaykcäía% svcgla haygfmf caf}~fm|clay magofm`kfg|a }aiyf a} |fkc} ciaylcla} f fg|yf|fg`kfg|a% svcgla ~ya~aymàgc ca m`lclía makvk% magofmfy a} cy|`}|c} svf ~alfk }fy clk`ycla} ~ay fef'

A MS|f}|f |fk lvycäía kàl`c lf 4 k`gv|a} f à vk la} úe|`ka} svclya} c~yf}fg|cla} ga ~yadyckc'

='='9' Cgãe`}f la} svclya}

='='9'3' ^ya|f}|f Jã

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30 Kcymfea \c} fk ic|f ~c~a% ga }`|f Y4 lc Yflf Yfmayl% fk 94 lf av|viya lf 9>>0'



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yf~ýy|fy Ych`goc Ic}|a}% ~yfamv~c+}f mak a mak~yak`}}a lc `ghaykcäía f m`lclcg`c% asvf ~alf ka}|ycy vk lf}e`dckfg|a mak svcesvfy yfmfà ~aeë|`ma% svf f `}|c ~ay kfà lalakëgà'

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F}|ã cë vkc mcycm|fyë}|`mc la jaygce`}ka% svf ~yf|fglf lcy xaz ca |fef}~fm|clay% }fdvglaDakf} /9>>= ' ^cyc a cv|ay a l`}mvy}a lf myflìè`lclf la jaygce`}ka xfk lc f `}|êgm`clf vkc `k~yfg}c e`xyf f lfmayyf lc }vc `k~ay|égm`c ~cyc c lfhf}c la `g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma%`}|a à% la magjvg|a la} `g|fyf}}f} lc m`lclcg`c' Ch`ykcgla c ~yfamv~cäía mak a`g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma% Ych`goc Ic}|a}% e`dc ~cyc a gúkfya 368% lf `ghaykcäöf} lc ^yfhf`|vyclf ]ía ^cvea% ~cyc hcecy mak a} yf}~ag}ãxf`} ~fea yfmaeo`kfg|a lf mcymcäc} f fg|veoa}%

lc }vi~yfhf`|vyc lc yfd`ía aglf f}|ã eamce`zcla a mcyya cicglagcla% kc} gía mag}fdvfc|fgl`kfg|a ~fea |fefhagf'

^cyc ch`ykcy a mak~yak`}}a mak c yf}aeväía la ~yaiefkc% a yf~ýy|fy la MSM xc` c|à c}vi~yfhf`|vyc ~cyc lcy xaz î} hag|f}% svf ~alfyía f ~e`mcy a ~aysvê la dycglf gúkfyalf mcyya} cicglagcla} f mag}fdvf magxfy}cy mak a }vi~yfhf`|a% If|a Kfglf}'

Jã kcglf` hczfy vk kc~fckfg|a lc yfd`ía ~cyc xfy aglf f}|ía eamce`zcla} a}fg|veoa} f mcymcäc}' F |fgoa magofm`kfg|a ~ay kfà lf}}c }ae`m`|cäía yfmfi`lc ~ay fkcè% la ~yaiefkc la mcyya cicglagcla ~yý `ka c yf}`lêgm`c la kayclay laJcyl`k Mc~fe`goc% fk ]ía ^cvea f xcka} yfmaeofy a mcyya oajf kf}ka' /If|aKfglf}% }vi~yfhf`|a lf ]ía ^cvea

Ych`goc% fg|ía% `glcdc a kayclay ~cyc svf fef ch`ykf a ~aysvê la mc}a f}|cy }fglayf}aex`la gcsvfef kakfg|a' A kayclay ch`ykc svf ha` ~yfm`}a c ~cy|`m`~cäía lc`k~yfg}c' ^yf}}v~öf+}f c}}`k% svf m`lclía ~yfm`}c la jaygce`}ka ~cyc }fy `ghaykcla% f ~cyc svf |fgoc }fv} l`yf`|a} dcycg|`la}'



<3

='='9'9' MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c

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C mc}|ycäía svëk`mc à vk |yc|ckfg|a kàl`ma svf x`}c l`k`gv`y c eì`la la} ~flýhèa}% f}|v~yclayf} f av|ya} m`lclía} mak ~yaiefkc} }fkfeocg|f}' /YchcfeMay|fz% ga ~yadyckc la l`c 3<!0!9>>0

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~y`gmë~à f ~yamfl`kfg|a svf ~ya|fdfk c }am`flclf lc xàeêgm`c av la cyië|yà' À lcy xaz ca ~axa% gc} `glcdcäöf} ca} ~aeë|`ma}'

Gc kc|ày`c hayck fg|yfx`}|cla} Ceaë}à Kfymclcg|f% Kcymfea My`xfec f Eaiía Hèoa'

Fv cmoa svf c }aeväía ~cyc a} ~flýhèa} }fy`c c ~fgc lf kay|f' /Eaiía Hèoa% fkfg|yfx`}|c c Ychcfe May|fz% ga ~yadyckc la l`c 3<!0!9>>0

L`cg|f lc ch`ykcäía la ~aeë|`ma% Ychcfe May|fz }vikf|f Eaiía Hèoa c vk |f}|f%mockcla ~fea yf~ýy|fy lf―|f}|f lf `k~ve}a}‛% ~cyc }v~a}|ckfg|f ka}|ycy ca ~aeë|`ma



<9

svf c ~flahè`c |yc|c+}f lf vk ~yaiefkc' V}cgla gaxckfg|f a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a% ayf~ýy|fy |yav f yfx`}|c} ~aygadyãh`mc} f l`gof`ya% hczfgla cev}ía ca} lf}fja} la} ~aeë|`ma}'

A MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c% f ì`la ga }fdvgla ~yadyckc yfmaeo`la ~cyc cgãe`}f% |yc|av lc`gh`lfe`lclf ~cy|`lãy`c% v}cgla gaxckfg|f la} yfmvy}a} a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a% makakf|ãhayc}% svf yfecmàgcxck c }`|vcäía ~ya~y`ckfg|f l`|c f c `gh`lfe`lclf fk |ala amag|f |a svf à ~a}}ëxfe' Av }fjc c `gh`lfe`lclf ~cy|`lãy`c f chf|`xc% ~ay f fk~ea' YchcfeMay|fz gaxckfg|f `ghaykc a |fef}~fm|clay }aiyf a svf à c `gh`lfe`lclf ~cy|`lãy`c%|yc|cgla+}f lf vkc ef` svf ~vgf mak c ~fylc lf kcglc|a a} ~aeë|`ma} svf kvlcyfk lf ~cy|`la c~ý} fef`|a}' Kc} `}}a gía |fk amayy`la lf cmayla mak a yf~ýy|fy% svf xc``glcdcy a} ~aeë|`ma} }aiyf c }`|vcäía'

La} 3? ~aeë|`ma} mak ~yamf}}a ~ay `gh`lfe`lclf ~cy|`lãy`c% 34 hayck ci}aex`la} /Ychcfe May|fz ga ~yadyckc la l`c 93!0!9>>0

C `ghaykcäía à av|yc xfz c~yf}fg|clc ca f}~fm|clay maka haykc lf ~yf}|cäía lf}fyx`äa ~cyc c ~yakaäía la lfic|f' Ychcfe May|fz xc` fg|ía ca Magdyf}}a `glcdcy ca} ~aeë|`ma}% svf }ía hag|f} efdë|`kc} f svf f}|ía fgxaex`la} ga c}}vg|a% }aiyf c`gh`lfe`lclf ~cy|`lãy`c% lcgla xaz ca |fef}~fm|clay% ~ay kfà la} svf}|àgckfg|a}yfce`zcla}' ^cyc Dakf} /9>>= % a jaygce`}ka ~alf }fyx`y î f}hfyc m`xè% l`}~agìè`zcglahaykc} lf `ghaykcäía% gfmf}}ãy`c} fk vk kakfg|a lf ~avmc ev|c ~fea} l`yf`|a} lam`lclía f lf l`}|cgm`ckfg|a myf}mfg|f fg|yf f}}f f c ~aeë|`mc% lf svf c m`lclcg`cgfmf}}`|c ~cyc |akcy ~a}`äía ga} mck~fagc|a} fef`|ayc`}'

Svf}|àgcgla a} ~aeë|`ma} }aiyf c `gh`lfe`lclf ~cy|`lãy`c% Ychcfe May|fz% |ycz ca

f}~fm|clay c a~ay|vg`lclf lf magofmê+ea}' A} ~aeë|`ma}% gc kcày`c lc} xfzf}% h`mckmak yfmfà lf yf}~aglfy c} ~fydvg|c} hf`|c} ~fea yf~ýy|fy% ~a`}% av jã ~yc|`mcyck c`gh`lfe`lclf ~cy|`lãy`c% av }f xêk ~a}}ìè`|cla} c ~yc|`mcy' ]fdvgla Dakf} /9>>= % csvf}|ía la `g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma% gc |fay`c f gc ~yã|`mc lfkamyã|`mc% mag}`}|f ga ~yaiefkclf hczfy dcycg|`y svf a svf `g|fyf}}c î f}hfyc m`xè% ca ~úie`ma% f svf ~a}}c |fy `ghevêgm`cgc ~yalväía lc lfm`}ía ~aeë|`mc'

^cyc a cv|ay% }fyx`y ca `g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma }`dg`h`mc ahfyfmfy î f}hfyc m`xè c ~a}}ìè`lclflf }f xfy yf~yf}fg|clc f }c|`}hf`|c svcg|a î f}maeoc svf h`zfyck fk fef`äöf}% la}



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~aeë|`ma} svf makcglck a ~cë}' C}}`k% Dakf} /9>>= lfmecyc svf a }fyx`äa svf a jaygce`}ka ~alf ~yf}|cy c ~a~vecäía% à c ~yalväía f m`ymvecäía lf `ghaykcäöf} ~cyc svfa m`lclía ~a}}c `ghevfgm`cy c lfm`}ía ~aeë|`mc f c df}|ía la F}|cla% ~cyc svf }f ~a}}cxcefy gc f}hfyc ~aeë|`mc'

Ga |fymf`ya ~yadyckc cgce`}cla% ga svclya MSM fk Iyc}ëe`c% Ychcfe May|fz xc` cafgmag|ya lf Evec fk ]ía ^cvea% aglf a ~yf}`lfg|f ~cy|`m`~c lc F ~a}`äía la} Mc|clayf}lf ^c~fe' Gf}}f }fg|`la% a yf~ýy|fy hcz c mag|f |vce`zcäía la |fkc'

A Iyc}è à a ~cë} mck~fía kvgl`ce fk yfm`mecdfk' /Ychcfe May|fz% ga ~yadyckc lal`c 9!33!9>>0

C`glc gc mag|f |vce`zcäía la |fkc% Ychcfe May|fz fg|yfx`}|c vkc mc|clayc svf hcec lc}l`h`mvelclf} f a~ay|vg`lclf} svf c ~yah`}}ía lf mc|clayc ahfyfmf% lfg|yf fef} svf c ~yah`}}ía à c`glc mag}`lfyclc ̀ ghaykce'

C}}`k% a yf~ýy|fy la MSM f `glcdc a ~yfhf`|a lf ]ía ^cvea% Dèify|a Bc}}ci% }aiyf c}`|vcäía la} mc|clayf}% maka haykc gaxckfg|f lf lcy xaz ca ~úie`ma fgxaex`la gc}`|vcäía' F}|ã cë% gaxckfg|f% vkc lc} hvgäöf} la jaygce`}ka% svf à avx`y |ala} a}fgxaex`la} ga hc|a% maeofy c} `ghaykcäöf} lc} hag|f} fgxaex`lc}'

='='9'=' MS\f}|f

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Lfka /9>>> % c }v}|fg|ciè`lclf lf vk ~cë} f}|ã ceàk lc fmagak`c% gc svce`h`mcäía lam`lclía% fk svf c haykcäía f flvmcäía }ía `k~ay|cg|f} gc dcycg|`c lalf}fgxaex`kfg|a }v}|fg|ãxfe'

Gf}}f }fg|`la% ai}fyxcka} svf a svclyaMS\f}|f ch`ykc c ~yakaäía lf magofm`kfg|a%fg}`gcla gc} f}maec}% f svf }f |aygc c|yc|`xa% l`cg|f lc} |àmg`mc} lf ~yalväía |fefx`}`xcf ga haykc|a lf jada' ^cyc ]fl`mpc} /9>>4 % c |fefx`}ía ~alf }fy vkc hfyyckfg|c

cmclêk`mc ú|è% f |fk }`la v}clc fk }cec} lf cvec mak h`gce`lclf} cmclêk`mc} lf}lf



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304>' Lf cmayla mak a cv|ay% a} ~yadyckc} lf |fefx`}ía }ía v}cla} ~cyc cjvlcy my`cgäc}fk xãy`c} c|`x`lclf}% f }ía v|è`zcla} fk magjvg|a mak av|ya} kc|fy`c`} lffg}`gckfg|a% ~cyc lcy vkc ~ya `k`lclf kc`} ciycgdfg|f ca} kà|ala} lf c~yfgl`zcla'^cyc ]fl`mpc} /9>>4 % `}}a |fk ~yaxcla }fy fh`m`fg|f vkc xfz svf c} my`cgäc} ~yfhfyfkc~yfglfy x`}vcekfg|f svcgla kc`} jaxfg}

Ga svclya cgce`}cla |fka}c} Moffyefclfy}93% svf yf}~aglfk svf}|öf} yfecmàgclc} îmve|vyc dfyce% f}~ay|f}% eýd`mc f m`êgm`c}' A svclya à mak~a}|a ~ay m`gma ~fydvg|c}% c ~cy|`y la kakfg|a fk svf }ía hf`|c}% oã vk myagükf|ya l`}~cycla ~cyc ai|fy c ~ag|vcäía h`gce la} ~cy|`m`~cg|f}' F}|f} fg|yck ~cyc a ycgb`gd lc} mfefiy`lclf} svf |fkkc`}% av kfga} magofm`kfg|a dfyce'

Ga |fymf`ya ~yadyckc cgce`}cla% Ychcfe May|fz% yfce`zc aMS\f}|f mak c Kveofy Kfeía99' C `là`c à ka}|ycy ca |fef}~fm|clay c ~cy|f `g|fefm|vce la cy|`}|c ~cyc svf fef|akf lfm`}öf} f haykf a~`g`öf} c yf}~f`|a' ^cyc Tae|ag /3008 % }f c |fefx`}ía à c|yc|`xcà }ý ~aysvf fec f}|ã ―}`g|ag`zclc‛ mak vkc f}~àm`flf c|`|vlf mve|vyce lak`gcg|f―kveofyf} hyv|c}‛' ]fdvgla a cv|ay% c |fefx`}ía |aygc+}f `gl`}}am`ãxfe lc lfkamycm`c lfkc}}c f yf~av}c }aiyf c kf}kc c~a}|c: yf}~f`|cy a `gl`xëlva à ~yaxfy a m`lclía% `}|a à%

a f}~fm|clay% a} kfà} lf mak~yffglfy a kvgla fk svf fef x`xf'

A MS|f}|f `ghaykc ga svclya mak c kveofy kfeía% c}}vg|a} }aiyf f}~ay|f% mve|vyc dfycef cy|f}' Ca h`gce la svclya% Kcymfea \c} ch`ykc a ~ya~ý}`|a laMS\f}|f% l`zfgla svf }f|yc|cxc lf mve|vyc gc \X' Gf}}f }fg|`la% jã svf c f}maec f c |fefx`}ía }ía ~yalv|ayc} lfmagofm`kfg|a} f ~ay e`lcy mak c} kc}}c}% lfxfk l`yfmàgcy }vc} c|fgäöf} ~cyc vk |`~alf ~yakaäía la magofm`kfg|a svf haykf m`lclía}'

='='=' Cgãe`}f dfyce

]f mag}`lfycyka} svf c m`lclcg`c à mak~a}|c ~fec ~yf}|cäía lf }fyx`äa} ~ay kfà lc`ghaykcäía% ~alfka} l`zfy svf a} jaygc`}% gaxfec} f av|ya} ~yadyckc} gc |fefx`}ía iyc}èf`yc% f}|ía mvk~y`gla ~cyc c haykcäía m`lclí' Ga fg|cg|a% a lf}chà à vg`y c

93Cg`kclayc} lf |aym`lc'99 Mfefiy`lclf `g}|cg|égfc svf }vyd`v mak a} xãyà} |`~a} lf‗kveofyf} hyv|c}‑% haykclc} ~fec |fefx`}ía

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<6

`ghaykcäía |`lc maka }ày`c f f ì`lc ga} |fefjaygc`}% f c efxfzc la fg|yf|fg`kfg|a ~yf}fg|f fk dycglf ~cy|f la} ~yadyckc} lf cvl`|ýyà f gc} gaxfec}' Y`gmýg /9>>9 l`zsvf c |fefx`}ía à f}~cäa lf l`xfy}ía% kc} |ckiàk lfxf hamcy vk l`}mvy}a svf c|fglc c}gfmf}}`lclf} la ~úie`ma ~cyc svf f}}f my`f magmf`|a}% svf }fyía c~e`mcla} gc }am`flclf%maka haykc lf lf}fgxaex`kfg|a lf vk ~cë}'

Gf}}f }fg|`la% a MSM% svf à f ì`la fk vkc fk`}}ayc lf |fefx`}ía cify|c f makfym`ce%mag}fdvf ce`cy a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a f a jaygce`}ka% ~yamvycgla mvk~y`y mak cyf}~ag}ciè`lclf }am`ce l`cg|f la ~úie`ma' ^cyc `}}a% a ~yadyckc |ycz vkc gaxc f}|à|`mc ~cyc c |fefx`}ía% av }fjc% à vk ~yadyckc gaxa gc |fefx`}ía iyc}èf`yc% f svf gía à

}fkfeocg|f ca jaygce`}ka c~yf}fg|cgla ga} |fefjaygc`} f gfk xae|cla `g|f`yckfg|f îl`xfy}ía% lf` cgla lf ecla a mak~yak`}}a mak c `ghaykcäía'

A MSM à vkc `gaxcäía lc |fefx`}ía iyc}èf`yc% c`glc svf ~yf}fg|f fk av|ya} ~cë}f}% fsvf }f ka}|yc maka |fefjaygce% mak `g|fdycg|f} fk vkc icgmclc c~yf}fg|cgla ga|ëm`c}%f c`glc à vk ~yadyckc lf cvl`|ýyà% svf lfga|c a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a' A jaygce`}ka f}|ã gcc~yf}fg|cäía lf hc|a} maify|a} ~fec `k~yfg}c l`|c }ày`c f a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a f}|ã gc }ã|`ychf`|c c ~fy}agce`lclf} ~úie`mc}' F}}c }ã|`yc xfk lc f ~fy`êgm`c la} mak~agfg|f} la ~yadyckc% a svf à hvglckfg|ce ~cyc c vg`ía la jaygce`}ka f fg|yf|fg`kfg|a% f svf ~fyk`|f c ~yakaäía lc `ghaykcäía magh`ãxfe% av }fjc% gía à ~aysvf f `}|f c }ã|`yc% svf af}~fm|clay gía xfyã myflìè`lclf ga ~yadyckc MSM'

A svf ~alf ch`ykcy c myflìè`lclf la ~yadyckc }ía a} svclya} cgce`}cla}% fk svf gía

}ía a} yf~ýy|fyf} svf my`ck `ghaykcäöf}% kc} hag|f} }ía v|è`zclc}% |cg|a ~cyc lcy xazca |fef}~fm|clay% svcg|a ~cyc svf c} `ghaykcäöf} |fgock myflìè`lclf% c ~cy|`y la}lf~a`kfg|a} la} fg|yfx`}|cla}'

C}}`k% à ~a}}ëxfe ai}fyxcy ga MSM% c mag}|yväía lc myflìè`lclf jaygceë}|`mc' C`g|fgäía lc `}fgäía c `g|fyf}}f} |ckiàk ~alf `lfg|`h`mclc ga ~yadyckc% svcgla c} ~f}}ac} f }`|vcäöf} }ía svf}|àgclc}' C}}`k maka c aijf|`x`lclf% c c|vce`lclf f a

`g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma' Ga|c+}f |ckiàk c yf}~ag}ciè`lclf }am`ce f c ~yamvyc ~fea hvya



<8

jaygceë}|`ma% svcgla a} |fkc} ciaylcla} ga} svclya}% gía hayck f ì`la} lf haykc `dvce ~ay svcesvfy ~yadyckc lc |fefx`}ía iyc}èf`yc' Av|yc mcycm|fyë}|`mc `k~ay|cg|f ~cyc cl`xvedcäía lf `ghaykcäöf} à c `glf~fglêgm`c la mck~a ~aeë|`ma% ceàk lc ch`ykcäía lcgfmf}}`lclf lc ~vie`m`lclf ~cyc c f ì`äía la ~yadyckc'



<4

MAGMEV]ÍA

C efd`}ecäía lc yclàl`hv}ía% ga Iyc}è% ~yfxê svf c} fk`}}ayc} lf |fefx`}ía lffk ~yfhfyêgm`c î ~yadyckcäía flvmc|`xc% `ghaykc|`xc f mve|vyce' Gf}}f mag|f |a% à`k~ay|cg|f ~fymfify svf c |fefx`}ía f}|ã e`dclc î} cvl`êgm`c} f ~yamvyc }fk~yf }fkcg|fy maka xfëmvea lf makvg`mcäía kc`} cmf}}ëxfe f x`}|a ~fec ~a~vecäía lf vk ~cë}% ~cyc mc~|cy yfmvy}a} ~vie`m`|ãyà}' C ~yadyckcäía% ~ay|cg|a% lfxf c|yc`y a ~úie`ma ~cycsvf mag}vkc ~vie`m`lclf' F}}c ~yadyckcäía ~y`kc% gc kcày ~cy|f% ~feafg|yf|fg`kfg|a% a svf gía }`dg`h`mc svf gía ocjc f}~cäa ~cyc a magofm`kfg|a f chaykcäía m`lclí'

Gf}}f }fg|`la% }vydf c gfmf}}`lclf lf vg`y a jaygce`}ka maka ~yf}|cäía lf }fyx`äa c`g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma% f a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a % ~cyc svf c |fefx`}ía }f kcg|fgoc maka ~y`gm`~cemcgce lf makvg`mcäía f mag|`gvf c|yc`gla cvl`êgm`c}% `k~ay|cg|f gc mc~|cäía lf xfyic} ~vie`m`|ãy`c}' A MSM /Mv}|f a svf Mv}|cy % ~yadyckc f}maeo`la maka kc|fy`cefk~ëy`ma% ~cyc c ~f}sv`}c% à mc~cz lf vg`y a jaygce`}ka f a fg|yf|fg`kfg|a% mak`g}fyäía ~vie`m`|ãy`c gc} cify|vyc} f fgmfyyckfg|a} la} svclya} f kc|ày`c}% f ì`lc}lvycg|f a ~yadyckc'

A ~yadyckc% svf makfäav c }fy f ì`la fk kcà lf 9>>?% mag}fdv`v laiycy c cvl`êgm`cga oayãyà% lc Yflf Icglf`ycg|f}% }fdvgla ~f}sv`}c lc Haeoc lf ]' ^cvea9=% fk 94 lfkcà lf 9>>?' A MSM% svf à f ì`la} lc} 99o36 î} >o36% |fk a }fdvgla kcày ìa~flc Icglf`ycg|f}% h`mcgla c|yã} la Iyc}è Vydfg|f /34o=> f fk~c|cla mak a Jaygce lcIcgl /9>o ' ^fymfif+}f cë maka à ~a}}ëxfe kcg|fy c cvl`êgm`c lc |fefx`}ía f ca kf}ka|fk~a ~yakaxfy `ghaykcäía ~cyc c m`lclcg`c' A MSM v|è`zc lc }|cgl v~ makflp%

c~yf}fg|cäía makvk c |ala} a} yf~ýy|fyf} la ~yadyckc'

C ]|cgl V~ Makflp à vk f fk~ea lc vg`ía la jaygce`}ka f fg|yf|fg`kfg|a f svf }fka}|yc mc~cz lf lcy xaz ca |fef}~fm|clay% svf }f `lfg|`h`mc mak a svf a c~yf}fg|clay |ycg}k`|f' F}}f à a |`~a lf c~yf}fg|cäía fk svf c f}~ag|cgf`lclf à fefkfg|a`gl`}~fg}ãxfe' A} a`|a mak~agfg|f} la ~yadyckc v|è`zck+}f lf}}c mcycm|fyë}|`mc% svfhcz mak svf a jaygce`}ka% hf`|a mak ovkay% |fgoc }fg|`la' Av }fjc% ca kf}ka |fk~a

9= L`}~agëxfe fk ttt3'haeoc'vae'mak'iy!haeoc!èv}|yclc!ve|0>v<>6?90'}o|ke' Cmf}}a fk 94 lf kcà lf9>>?







6>

EA^F]% Xfyc lf Ae`xf`yc Gv}lfa' C ef` lc ]fexc'@g: IVMM@% Fvdfgà' C \X ca} 6> +my`|`mcgla c |fefx`}ía iyc}èf`yc fk }fv m`gsõfg|fgãyà' ]ía ^cvea: Hvglcäía ^fy}fvCiycka% 9>>>'

KCMOCLA% Cye`gla' C |fefx`}ía efxclc c }àyà' ]ía ^cvea: Fl`|ayc ]FGCM% 9>>='

KC\\A]% ]fydà' A mag|yaef la} kfà} lf makvg`mcäía: a} `g}|yvkfg|a} lf mag|yaefla} kfà} lf makvg`mcäía' L`}~agëxfe fko||~:!!ttt'}fydàkc||a}'mak'iy!e`xQmag|yaef>='o|ke' Cmf}}a fk 30!?!9>>0'

AE@XF@YC% Hciëaecc~vl DAKF]% Tè}ag' Jaygce`}ka f F}hfyc M`xè: A `g|fyf}}f ~úie`ma maka ~y`gmë~à kayce ga jaygce`}ka'@g: ^FYVZZA% M`mëe`c Kcy`c Byaoe`gd fCEKF@LC% Hfygcgla Hfyyf`yc'Makvg`mcäía ~cyc c m`lclcg`c' ]ía ^cvea: @g|fymak2

]cexclay: VGFI% 9>>='

^FG\FCLA% Ofeaë}c Lv~c}' \fefx`}ía f F}maec ” Maghe`|a av maa~fycäía' ]ía ^cvea:May|fz Fl`|ayc% 3003'

^FYVZZA% M`mëe`c Kcy`c Byaoe`gd f CEKF@LC% Hfygcgla Hfyyf`yc' Makvg`mcäía ~cycc m`lclcg`c' ]ía ^cvea: @g|fymak2 ]cexclay: VGFI% 9>>='

Y@GMÝG% Akcy /ayd\fefx`}ía ^úie`mc: la mag}vk`lay ca m`lclía' ]ía ^cvea:Hy`flfy`mo Fify| ]|`h`gd ” ̂ yajf|a Ec|`ga+ckfy`mcga lf Kfà} lf Makvg`mcäía% 9>>4'

]@EXC% Ev`} Kcy|`g}' @k~yfg}c f m`lclcg`c: ~a}}ìè`lclf} f mag|ycl`äöf}' Iyc}ëe`c:VgI% 9>>9'

]FLPM@C]% Yaify|a: C |fefx`}ía f flvmcäía' L`}~agëxfe fk:o||~:!!ttt'tficy|`da}'mak!cy|`mef}!900?!3!c+|fefx`}ca+f+flvmcmca!~cd`gc3'o|keCmf}}a fk 9>!8!9>>0'

]ALYÀ% Kvg`z'A kaga~ýeà lc hcec ” Hvgäía f e`gdvcdfk lc |fefx`}ía ga Iyc}è '^f|yý~ae`}' Fl`|ayc Xazf}% 30?3

X@F@YC% Yaify|a'A} kfà} lf makvg`mcäía lf kc}}c f c m`lclcg`c' @g: ^FYVZZA%M`mëe`c Kcy`c Byaoe`gd f CEKF@LC% Hfygcgla Hfyyf`yc'Makvg`mcäía ~cyc cm`lclcg`c' ]ía ̂ cvea: @g|fymak2 ]cexclay: VGFI% 9>>=

_CX@FY F IYCVGF% Cekcgcsvf lc \X ' Yà lf Jcgf`ya: Flàvya% 9>>4'

http://www.sergiomattos.com.br/liv_controle03.html.%20Acesso%20em%2019/8/2009

http://www.webartigos.com/articles/2998/1/a-televisao-e-educacao/pagina1.html

http://www.webartigos.com/articles/2998/1/a-televisao-e-educacao/pagina1.html

http://www.sergiomattos.com.br/liv_controle03.html.%20Acesso%20em%2019/8/2009



63

TAE\AG% Lak`g`svf' Feadà la dycglf ~úie`ma ” Vk |fay`c myë|`mc lc |fefx`}ía']ía^cvea' Fl`|ayc Ã|`mc% 3008'

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Formação cidadã, jornalismo e entretenimento no programa CQC