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8/13/2019 IAS 5th Sem
1/63
Sr. No. Topic Page number Site link
1 G-7 2 ,3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7
2 G-8 4-14 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8
3. G-20 15-27 http://vreelander.blogspot.in/2010/11/g20-revisited-ask-it-sam.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-20_major_economies
4. OPEC 27-36 http://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/25.htm
http://iasblogz.blogspot.in/2011/04/mnemonics-for-ias.html
5. ASEAN 37-46 http://riseofthepolyglot.wordpress.com/2013/07/08/how-to-learn-the-10-asean-nations-using-thailands-got-talent/#more-139
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nation
6. SAARC 47-55 http://www.go4quiz.com/1153/saarc-countries/
7. Grand Slam 56
8. Federalism 56 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalism_in_India
9. Indian PMs 57-58 http://sapost.blogspot.in/2012/07/list-of-indian-prime-ministers-
1947.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_India
10. Indian PRez 58-62 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_India
11. Vice Prez 62-63 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_India
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8http://vreelander.blogspot.in/2010/11/g20-revisited-ask-it-sam.htmlhttp://vreelander.blogspot.in/2010/11/g20-revisited-ask-it-sam.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-20_major_economieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-20_major_economieshttp://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/25.htmhttp://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/25.htmhttp://iasblogz.blogspot.in/2011/04/mnemonics-for-ias.htmlhttp://iasblogz.blogspot.in/2011/04/mnemonics-for-ias.htmlhttp://riseofthepolyglot.wordpress.com/2013/07/08/how-to-learn-the-10-asean-nations-using-thailands-got-talent/#more-139http://riseofthepolyglot.wordpress.com/2013/07/08/how-to-learn-the-10-asean-nations-using-thailands-got-talent/#more-139http://riseofthepolyglot.wordpress.com/2013/07/08/how-to-learn-the-10-asean-nations-using-thailands-got-talent/#more-139http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nationshttp://www.go4quiz.com/1153/saarc-countries/http://www.go4quiz.com/1153/saarc-countries/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalism_in_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalism_in_Indiahttp://sapost.blogspot.in/2012/07/list-of-indian-prime-ministers-1947.htmlhttp://sapost.blogspot.in/2012/07/list-of-indian-prime-ministers-1947.htmlhttp://sapost.blogspot.in/2012/07/list-of-indian-prime-ministers-1947.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Vice_Presidents_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Prime_Ministers_of_Indiahttp://sapost.blogspot.in/2012/07/list-of-indian-prime-ministers-1947.htmlhttp://sapost.blogspot.in/2012/07/list-of-indian-prime-ministers-1947.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Federalism_in_Indiahttp://www.go4quiz.com/1153/saarc-countries/http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Association_of_Southeast_Asian_Nationshttp://riseofthepolyglot.wordpress.com/2013/07/08/how-to-learn-the-10-asean-nations-using-thailands-got-talent/#more-139http://riseofthepolyglot.wordpress.com/2013/07/08/how-to-learn-the-10-asean-nations-using-thailands-got-talent/#more-139http://iasblogz.blogspot.in/2011/04/mnemonics-for-ias.htmlhttp://www.opec.org/opec_web/en/about_us/25.htmhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G-20_major_economieshttp://vreelander.blogspot.in/2010/11/g20-revisited-ask-it-sam.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G78/13/2019 IAS 5th Sem
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G7-------FIG JUG + CANADAFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
For other uses, seeG7 (disambiguation).
"Group of Six" redirects here. For other uses, seeG6 (disambiguation).
G7 finance ministers at the 2008 meeting (front row, L-R):
Canadian Finance MinisterJim Flaherty,
French Finance MinisterChristine Lagarde,
German Finance MinisterPeer Steinbrueck,
U.S. Treasury SecretaryHenry Paulson,
Italy's Finance MinisterTommaso Padoa-Schioppa,
Japan's Finance MinisterFukushiro Nukaga,
UK Chancellor of the ExchequerAlistair Darlingand
Chairman of theEurogroup,Jean-Claude Juncker.
The G7, or G-7, is a group consisting of thefinance ministersof seven developed nations: the U.S., U.K., France, Germany,
Italy, Canada and Japan. They are the seven developed wealthiest nations on Earth by globalnet wealth.The G7 represents
more than the 66% of net global wealth ($223 trillion), according to Credit Suisse Global Wealth Report September 2012. The
last meeting of the G7 took place in May 2013 inAylesburyin the United Kingdom. Other meetings of the G7 are already
planned.
History[edit source|editbeta]
The G7 began in 1975 as the Group of Six and included the countries ofFrance,West Germany,Italy,Japan,United Kingdom,
andUnited Statesand was joined byCanadathe following year.[1]Collectively, the G7 nations comprised 50.4% of global
nominal GDP and 39.3% of global GDP (PPP). This group meets several times a year to discuss economic policies. Their work
is supported by regular, functional meetings of officials, including the G7 finance disputes.[2]
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G6_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G6_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G6_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Flahertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Flahertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Flahertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagardehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagardehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagardehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_Steinbrueckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_Steinbrueckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_Steinbrueckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Paulsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Paulsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Paulsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommaso_Padoa-Schioppahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommaso_Padoa-Schioppahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommaso_Padoa-Schioppahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushiro_Nukagahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushiro_Nukagahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushiro_Nukagahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alistair_Darlinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alistair_Darlinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alistair_Darlinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurogrouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurogrouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurogrouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Claude_Junckerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Claude_Junckerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Claude_Junckerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finance_ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finance_ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finance_ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_wealthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_wealthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_wealthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aylesburyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aylesburyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aylesburyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&veaction=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&veaction=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&veaction=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&veaction=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:G7_Finance_ministers.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:G7_Finance_ministers.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:G7_Finance_ministers.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:G7_Finance_ministers.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&veaction=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G7&action=edit§ion=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aylesburyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_wealthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Finance_ministerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Claude_Junckerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurogrouphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alistair_Darlinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fukushiro_Nukagahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tommaso_Padoa-Schioppahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Paulsonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_Steinbrueckhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christine_Lagardehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Flahertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G6_(disambiguation)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7_(disambiguation)8/13/2019 IAS 5th Sem
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The G7 met inWashington, D.C.,twice in 2008[3]and in February 2009, inRome,to discuss the globalfinancial crisis of 2007-
2010.[4][5]The group of finance ministers has pledged to take "all necessary steps" to stem the crisis.[6]
Date Host country Host leader Location held
November 1517,
1975France
Jean-Pierre
Fourcade
Chteau de Rambouillet,Rambouillet
June 2728, 1976 United StatesJan JordanRodriguez
Dorado Beach Hotel,Dorado,Puerto Rico
May 78, 1977United
KingdomDenis Healey 10 Downing Street,London
July 1617, 1978 West Germany Hans Matthfer
Official residence of the Chancellor of the Federal Republic ofGermanyBonn
May 2830, 1983 United States Ronald Reagan Colonial Williamsburg,Williamsburg,Virginia
June 1923, 1988 Canada Michael Wilson Metro Toronto Convention Centre,Toronto,Ontario
July 911, 1990 United States James BakerRice University and other locations in the MuseumDistrictHouston,Texas
June 1517, 1995 Canada Paul Martin Summit Place,Halifax.Nova Scotia
June 2729, 1996 France Jean Arthuis Museum of Contemporary Art (Muse d'art Contemporain deLyon),Lyon
February 1113,2001 Italy
Vincenzo Visco Palermo
February 68, 2010 Canada Jim Flaherty Iqaluit,Nunavut
10-11 May, 2013United
KingdomGeorge Osbourne Hartwell House Hotel and Spa,Aylesbury
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007-2010http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007-2010http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007-2010http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Fourcadehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Fourcadehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Fourcadehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorado,_Puerto_Ricohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorado,_Puerto_Ricohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorado,_Puerto_Ricohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Ricohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Ricohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Ricohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Healeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_Downing_Streethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_Downing_Streethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Matth%C3%B6ferhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Matth%C3%B6ferhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(politician)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(politician)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Toronto_Convention_Centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Toronto_Convention_Centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torontohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torontohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torontohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Bakerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Bakerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houstonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houstonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Martinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Martinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halifax_Regional_Municipalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halifax_Regional_Municipalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halifax_Regional_Municipalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Scotiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Scotiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Scotiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Arthuishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Arthuishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenzo_Viscohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenzo_Viscohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palermohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palermohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Flahertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Flahertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iqaluithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iqaluithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunavuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunavuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunavuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aylesburyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aylesburyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aylesburyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aylesburyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Osbournehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nunavuthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iqaluithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jim_Flahertyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palermohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincenzo_Viscohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Italyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lyonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Arthuishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nova_Scotiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halifax_Regional_Municipalityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Martinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Texashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houstonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Bakerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ontariohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torontohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Toronto_Convention_Centrehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Michael_Wilson_(politician)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canadahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamsburg,_Virginiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ronald_Reaganhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonnhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hans_Matth%C3%B6ferhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Londonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10_Downing_Streethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Denis_Healeyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Puerto_Ricohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorado,_Puerto_Ricohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Fourcadehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Pierre_Fourcadehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-6http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007-2010http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Financial_crisis_of_2007-2010http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7#cite_note-3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington,_D.C.8/13/2019 IAS 5th Sem
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Wiki Loves Monuments: Photograph a monument, help Wikipedia and win!
G8From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
"Group of Eight" redirects here. For other uses, seeG8 (disambiguation).
Group of Eight
Canada
Prime MinisterStephen Harper
France
PresidentFranois Hollande
Germany
ChancellorAngela Merkel
Italy
Prime MinisterEnrico Letta
Japan
Prime MinisterShinz Abe
Russia
PresidentVladimir Putin
United Kingdom
Prime MinisterDavid Cameron
President of the G8 for 2013
United States of America
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PresidentBarack Obama
Also represented
European Union
Council PresidentHerman Van Rompuy
Commission PresidentJos Manuel Barroso
The Group of Eight(G8) is a forum for the governments of eight of the world's largest national economies; not included
areBrazilat 7th andChinaat 2nd.[1]The forum originated with a 1975 summit hosted byFrancethat brought together
representatives of six governments: France, the FederalRepublic of Germany,Italy,Japan,theUnited Kingdom,and theUnited
States,thus leading to the name Group of Sixor G6. The summit became known as the Group of Sevenor G7the following
year with the addition ofCanada.TheG7is composed by the 7 developed wealthiest countries on Earth (as nationalnet wealth)
and by the 7 developed wealthiest countries on Earth by GDP,[1]and it remains active despite the creation of the G8. In
1997,Russiawas added to the group which then became known as the G8.[2]TheEuropean Unionis represented within the G8
but cannot host or chair summits.[3]
"G8" can refer to the member states in aggregate or to the annualsummit meetingof the G8heads of government.The former
term, G6, is now frequently applied to thesix most populous countries within the European Union.G8 ministers also meet
throughout the year, such as theG7/8 finance ministers (who meet four times a year), G8 foreign ministers, or G8 environment
ministers.
Collectively, the G8 nations comprise50.1% of 2012 global nominal GDPand40.9% of global GDP (PPP).Each calendar year,
the responsibility of hosting the G8 rotates through the member states in the following order: France, United States, United
Kingdom, Russia, Germany, Japan, Italy, and Canada. The holder of thepresidencysets the agenda, hosts the summit for that
year, and determines which ministerial meetings will take place. Lately, both France and the United Kingdom have expressed a
desire to expand the group to include five developing countries, referred to as the Outreach Five(O5) or the Plus Five: Brazil
(6th country in the world by GDP[1]), People's Republic of China (2nd country in the world by GDP[1]), India (9th country in the
world by GDP[4]), Mexico, and South Africa. These countries have participated as guests in previous meetings, which are
sometimes calledG8+5.
With theG-20 major economiesgrowing in stature since the2008 Washington summit,world leaders from the group announced
at theirPittsburgh summiton September 25, 2009, that the group will replace the G8 as the main economic council of wealthy
nations.[5][6]
At the 34th G8 Summit atToyako, Hokkaido,formal photo during Tanabata matsuri event for world leadersSilvio Berlusconi(Italy),Dmitry
Medvedev(Russia),Angela Merkel(Germany),Gordon Brown(UK),Yasuo Fukuda(Japan),George W. Bush(US),Stephen
Harper(Canada),Nicolas Sarkozy(France),Jos Manuel Barroso(EU)July 7, 2008.
The concept of a forum for the world's major industrializeddemocraciesemerged following the1973 oil crisis.On Sunday,
March 25, 1973,Secretary of StateGeorge Shultzconvened an informal gathering of representatives from Western Germany
(Helmut Schmidt), France (Valry Giscard d'Estaing), and Britain (Anthony Barber)before an upcoming meeting in Washington
DC. When running the idea past PresidentNixon,he noted that he would be out of town, and offered use ofthe White House;
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the meeting was subsequently held in the library on the ground floor.[7]Taking their name from the setting, this original group of
four became known as the "Library Group".[8]In mid-1973, at the World Bank-IMF meetings, Shultz proposed the addition of
Japan to the original four nations, who agreed.[9]The informal gathering of senior financial officials from the United States, the
United Kingdom,West Germany,Japan, and France became known as the "Group of Five."[10]
This cooperation took the next step in 1975, with Schmidt and d'Estaing both serving as heads of state in their respective
countries. After mentioning the idea to President Ford andHenry Kissingerthat democratic leaders should meet in a similar
manner as the library group, Schmidt and d'Estaing arranged a meeting with George Shultz at Marly, nearVersailles,in France.
Shultz claims this is where the idea of the "Summit Seven" was originally born.[11]In 1975, French PresidentValry Giscard
d'Estainginvited theheads of governmentfrom West Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom and the United States to a
summit inChteau de Rambouillet;the annual meeting of the six leaders was organized under a rotating presidency, forming
the Group of Six (G6). The following year, Canada joined the group at the behest of Germany's ChancellorHelmut
SchmidtandU.S. PresidentGerald Ford[12]and the group became the Group of Seven (G7). TheEuropean Unionis
represented by thePresident of the European Commissionand the leader of the country that holds thePresidency of the
Council of the European Union.ThePresident of the European Commissionhas attended all meetings since first invited by the
United Kingdom in 1977[13]and theCouncil Presidentnow also regularly attends.
Following1994's G7 summit in Naples,Russian officials held separate meetings with leaders of the G7 after the group's
summits. This informal arrangement was dubbed the Political 8 (P8)or, colloquially, the G7+1. At the invitation ofPrime
Minister of the United KingdomTony BlairandPresident of the United StatesBill Clinton,[14]Russia formally joined the group in
1997, resulting in the Group of Eight, or G8.
Food[edit source|editbeta]
A major focus of the G8 since 2009 has been the global supply of food.[15]At the 2009 L'Aquila summit, the G8's members
promised to contribute $20 billion to the issue over three years.[16]Since then, only 22% of the promised funds have been
delivered.[17]
At the 2012 summit, President Barack Obama plans to ask G8 leaders to adopt a policy that would privatize global food
investment.[18][19]
Structure and activities[edit source|editbeta]
Leaders of the G8 on 7 June 2007, inHeiligendamm,Germany
By design, the G8 deliberately lacks an administrative structure like those for international organizations, such as theUnited
Nationsor theWorld Bank.The group does not have a permanent secretariat, or offices for its members.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versailles_(city)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versailles_(city)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versailles_(city)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heads_of_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heads_of_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heads_of_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Fordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Fordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Fordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Fordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_G7_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_G7_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_G7_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Blairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Blairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Blairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clintonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clintonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-Reuters_5May-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-Reuters_5May-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-Reuters_5May-15http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-Spotlight_15Sept-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-Spotlight_15Sept-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-Spotlight_15Sept-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-FUK18May-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-FUK18May-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-FUK18May-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiligendammhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiligendammhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:33rdG8Leaders.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:33rdG8Leaders.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:33rdG8Leaders.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:33rdG8Leaders.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_Nationshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heiligendammhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=3http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-18http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-FUK18May-17http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-Spotlight_15Sept-16http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-Reuters_5May-15http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=2http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-14http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill_Clintonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tony_Blairhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_Minister_of_the_United_Kingdomhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/20th_G7_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Councilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-13http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presidency_of_the_Council_of_the_European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_European_Commissionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Unionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G7http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Fordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerald_Fordhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/President_of_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helmut_Schmidthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Rambouillethttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heads_of_governmenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Val%C3%A9ry_Giscard_d%27Estainghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-11http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Versailles_(city)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Kissingerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-10http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Germanyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-9http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-8http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-78/13/2019 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The presidency of the group rotates annually among member countries, with each new term beginning on 1 January of the year.
The country holding the presidency is responsible for planning and hosting a series of ministerial-level meetings, leading up to a
mid-year summit attended by the heads of government. The president of the European Commission participates as an equal in
all summit events.[20]
The ministerial meetings bring together ministers responsible for various portfolios to discuss issues of mutual or global concern
The range of topics include health, law enforcement, labor, economic and social development, energy, environment, foreign
affairs, justice and interior, terrorism, and trade. There are also a separate set of meetings known as theG8+5,created during
the 2005Gleneagles,Scotland summit, that is attended by finance and energy ministers from all eight member countries in
addition to the five "outreach countries" which are also known as theGroup of FiveBrazil,People's Republic of
China,India,Mexico,andSouth Africa.[21]
In June 2005, justice ministers and interior ministers from the G8 countries agreed to launch an international database
onpedophiles.[22]The G8 officials also agreed to pool data onterrorism,subject to restrictions by privacy and security laws in
individual countries.[23]
Global energy[edit source|editbeta
]Main articles:International Partnership for Energy Efficiency CooperationandClimate Investment Funds
G8 leaders confer during the2009 summitinL'Aquila(Abruzzo,Italy).
At theHeiligendamm Summitin 2007, the G8 acknowledged a proposal from the EU for a worldwide initiative onefficient energy
use.They agreed to explore, along with theInternational Energy Agency,the most effective means to promote energy efficiency
internationally. A year later, on 8 June 2008, the G8 along with China, India, South Korea and theEuropean
Communityestablished theInternational Partnership for Energy Efficiency Cooperation,at the Energy Ministerial meeting hosted
by Japan holding 2008 G8 Presidency, inAomori.[24]
G8 Finance Ministers, whilst in preparation for the34th Summit of the G8 Heads of State and GovernmentinToyako, Hokkaido,
met on the 13 and 14 June 2008, inOsaka, Japan.They agreed to the G8 Action Plan for Climate Change to Enhance the
Engagement of Private and Public Financial Institutions. In closing, Ministers supported the launch of newClimate Investment
Funds(CIFs) by theWorld Bank,which will help existing efforts until a new framework under theUNFCCCis implemented after
2012. The UNFCCC is not on track to meeting any of its stated goals.[25]
Annual summit[edit source|editbeta]
The annual G8 leaders summit is attended by the heads of government.[26]The member country holding the G8 presidency is
responsible for organizing and hosting the year's summit.
The serial annual summits can be parsed chronologically in arguably distinct ways, including as the sequence of host countries
for the summits has recurred over time, series, etc.[27]
Date Host country Host leader Location held Website Notes
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-20http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8%2B5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8%2B5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8%2B5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleneagles,_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleneagles,_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleneagles,_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_of_Fivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_of_Fivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_of_Fivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedophilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedophilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-pedophile-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-pedophile-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-pedophile-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-terrorismdata-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-terrorismdata-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-terrorismdata-23http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Partnership_for_Energy_Efficiency_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Partnership_for_Energy_Efficiency_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Partnership_for_Energy_Efficiency_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/35th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/35th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/35th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Aquilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Aquilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Aquilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abruzzohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abruzzohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abruzzohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/33rd_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/33rd_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/33rd_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_energy_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_energy_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_energy_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_energy_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Energy_Agencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Energy_Agencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Energy_Agencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Partnership_for_Energy_Efficiency_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Partnership_for_Energy_Efficiency_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Partnership_for_Energy_Efficiency_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aomori,_Aomorihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aomori,_Aomorihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/34th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/34th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/34th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyako,_Hokkaidohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyako,_Hokkaidohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyako,_Hokkaidohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka,_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka,_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka,_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNFCCChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNFCCChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNFCCChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-feldman1-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-feldman1-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-feldman1-26http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:G8_leaders_confer_together.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-27http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-feldman1-26http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-25http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UNFCCChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Bankhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Osaka,_Japanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyako,_Hokkaidohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/34th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-24http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aomori,_Aomorihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Partnership_for_Energy_Efficiency_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Communityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Energy_Agencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_energy_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efficient_energy_usehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/33rd_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abruzzohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%27Aquilahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/35th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climate_Investment_Fundshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Partnership_for_Energy_Efficiency_Cooperationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&veaction=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=G8&action=edit§ion=4http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-terrorismdata-23http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrorismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-pedophile-22http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pedophilehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-21http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Africahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexicohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/People%27s_Republic_of_Chinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Group_of_Fivehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gleneagles,_Scotlandhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8%2B5http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-208/13/2019 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1stNovember 1517,1975 France
Valry Giscardd'Estaing
Rambouillet(Castle of Rambouillet) G6 Summit
2nd June 2728, 1976 United States Gerald R. Ford Dorado,Puerto Rico[28]Also called "RambouilletII;" Canada joins the group,forming the G7[28]
3rd May 78, 1977 United Kingdom James Callaghan London President of the EuropeanCommissionis invitedto
join the annual G-7 summits
4th July 1617, 1978 West Germany Helmut Schmidt Bonn,North Rhine-Westphalia
5th June 2829, 1979 Japan Masayoshi hira Tokyo
6th June 2223, 1980 Italy Francesco Cossiga Venice
7th July 2021, 1981 Canada Pierre E. Trudeau Montebello,Quebec
8th June 46, 1982 France Franois Mitterrand Versailles
9th May 2830, 1983 United States Ronald Reagan Williamsburg,Virginia
10th June 79, 1984 United Kingdom Margaret Thatcher London
11th May 24, 1985 West Germany Helmut Kohl Bonn,North Rhine-Westphalia
12th May 46, 1986 Japan Yasuhiro Nakasone Tokyo
13th June 810, 1987 Italy Amintore Fanfani Venice
14th June 1921, 1988 Canada Brian Mulroney Toronto
15th July 1416, 1989 France Franois Mitterrand Paris
16th July 911, 1990 United States George H. W. Bush Houston
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17th July 1517, 1991 United Kingdom John Major London
18th July 68, 1992 Germany Helmut Kohl Munich,Bavaria
19th July 79, 1993 Japan Kiichi Miyazawa Tokyo
20th July 810, 1994 Italy Silvio Berlusconi Naples
21st June 1517, 1995 Canada Jean Chrtien Halifax,Nova Scotia [29]
22nd June 2729, 1996 France Jacques Chirac Lyon
Internationalorganizations' debut to G8Summits periodically. Theinvited ones here
were:UnitedNations, WorldBank,InternationalMonetary FundandtheWorld TradeOrganization.[30]
23rd June 2022, 1997 United States Bill Clinton Denver [31] Russia joins the group,forming G8
24th May 1517, 1998 United Kingdom Tony Blair Birmingham [32]
25th June 1820, 1999 Germany Gerhard Schrder Cologne,North Rhine-Westphalia[33]
First Summit of theG-20major economiesat Berlin
26th July 2123, 2000 Japan Yoshiro Mori
Nago,Okinawa[34]
Formation oftheG8+5starts, when SouthAfrica was invited. Untilthe38th G8 summitin2012, it has been invited tothe Summit annuallywithout interruption. Also,with permission from a G8
leader, other nations wereinvited to the Summit on aperiodical basis for the firsttime. Nigeria, Algeria andSenegal accepted theirinvitations here. TheWorldHealth Organizationwasalso invited for the firsttime.[30]
27th July 2022, 2001 Italy Silvio Berlusconi Genoa [35]
Leaders from Bangladesh,Mali and El Salvadoraccepted their invitations
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here.[30]DemonstratorCarloGiulianiis shot and killed
by police during a violentdemonstration. One of thelargest and mostviolentanti-globalizationmovementprotests occurredfor the27th G8summit.[36]Following thoseevents and theSeptember11 attackstwo months later
in 2001, the G8 have met atmore remote locations.
28th June 2627, 2002 Canada Jean Chrtien Kananaskis,Alberta [37] Russia gains permission toofficially host aG8 Summit
29th June 23, 2003 France Jacques Chirac vian-les-Bains [2]
The G8+5was unofficially made, whenChina, India, Brazil, andMexico were invited to thisSummit for the first time.South Africa has joined theG8 Summit, since 2000,until the 2012 edition. Otherfirst-time nations that wereinvited by the French
president included: Egypt,Morocco, Saudi Arabia,Malaysia andSwitzerland.[30]
30th June 810, 2004 United States George W. Bush Sea Island, Georgia [38]
A record number of leadersfrom 12 different nationsaccepted their invitationshere. Amongst a couple of
veteran nations, the otherswere: Ghana, Afghanistan,Bahrain, Iraq, Jordan,Turkey, Yemen andUganda.[30]Also, thestatefuneral of former presidentRonald Reagantook placein Washington during thesummit.
31st July 68, 2005 United Kingdom Tony Blair Gleneagles [39]
The G8+5 was officiallyformed. On the second dayof the meeting, suicide
bombers killed 52 people on
the London Undergroundand a bus. Nations that wereinvited for the first timewere Ethiopia and TanzaniaTheAfrican UnionandtheInternational EnergyAgencymade their debuthere.[30]During the31st G8summitin United Kingdom,225,000 people took to thestreets of Edinburgh as partof theMake PovertyHistorycampaign callingfor Trade Justice, Debt
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ki/Albertahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kananaskis_Improvement_Districthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Chr%C3%A9tienhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/28th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11_attackshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_11_attackshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-36http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/27th_G8_summithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-globalization_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anti-globalization_movementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Giulianihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carlo_Giulianihttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G8#cite_note-G8_paper-308/13/2019 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Relief and Better Aid.Numerous otherdemonstrations also took
place challenging thelegitimacy of the G8.[40]
32nd July 1517, 2006 Russia Vladimir Putin Strelna,St. Petersburg [3]
First G8 Summit on Russiansoil. Also, theInternationalAtomic Energy
AgencyandUNESCOmadtheir debut here.[30]
33rd June 68, 2007 Germany Angela Merkel Heiligendamm,Mecklenburg-Vorpommern
[4]
Seven different internationaorganizations accepted theirinvitations to this Summit.TheOrganisation forEconomic Co-operation andDevelopmentandtheCommonwealth ofIndependent Statesmadetheir debut here.[30]
34th July 79, 2008 Japan Yasuo Fukuda Toyako (Lake Toya),Hokkaido[41]
Nations that accepted theirG8 Summit invitations forthe first time are: Australia,Indonesia and SouthKorea.[30]
35th July 810, 2009 Italy Silvio Berlusconi L'Aquila,Abruzzo [5]
This G8 Summit wasoriginally planned to beinLa Maddalena(Sardinia),
but was moved to L'Aquilaas a way of showing PrimeMinister Berlusconi's desire
to help the region in andaround L'Aquila after theearthquake that hit the areaon the April 6th, 2009.
Nations that accepted theirinvitations for the first timewere: Angola, Denmark,
Netherlands and Spain.[42]Arecord of TEN (10)international organizationswere represented in this G8Summit. For the first time,theFood and AgricultureOrganization,theInternational Fund forAgricultural Development,
theWorld FoodProgramme,andtheInternational LabourOrganizationaccepted theirinvitations.[43]
36th June 2526, 2010[44] Canada Stephen Harper Huntsville, Ontario[45] [46]
Malawi, Colombia, Haiti,and Jamaica accepted theirinvitations for the firsttime.[47]
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