Inglês BásicoInglês BásicoProfessor AlexandreProfessor Alexandre

Aula 5Aula 5

The Past Continuous The Past Continuous TenseTense

Forma-se com o verbo to be (past Forma-se com o verbo to be (past tense) + o verbo principal no tense) + o verbo principal no infinitivo sem infinitivo sem toto acrescido de ING. acrescido de ING.

É usado para descrever uma ação É usado para descrever uma ação que estava acontecendo no passado, que estava acontecendo no passado, ações passadas que estavam ações passadas que estavam ocorrendo simultaneamente, ou uma ocorrendo simultaneamente, ou uma ação passada que estava ocorrendo ação passada que estava ocorrendo quando uma outra ação ocorreu.quando uma outra ação ocorreu.

Exemplos:Exemplos: She She was waitingwas waiting for him last week. for him last week.

While he While he was studyingwas studying, she , she was was cookingcooking..

We We were crossingwere crossing the street when the street when we saw the accident.we saw the accident.

The Future Continuous The Future Continuous TenseTense

Forma-se com o verbo to be (future Forma-se com o verbo to be (future tense) + verbo principal no infinitivo tense) + verbo principal no infinitivo sem o sem o to to acrescido de ING.acrescido de ING.

Descreve uma ação que estará Descreve uma ação que estará acontecendo no futuro.acontecendo no futuro.

Exemplos:Exemplos:

She She will be travellingwill be travelling to Europe to Europe next month.next month.

I I will be waitingwill be waiting for you tomorrow. for you tomorrow.

Dica: Dica: Não confunda o uso do Future Continuous Tense do Não confunda o uso do Future Continuous Tense do Inglês com o GERUNDISMO do Brasil.Inglês com o GERUNDISMO do Brasil.Este uso da língua portuguesa nasceu da influência do Este uso da língua portuguesa nasceu da influência do inglês, mas atualmente é muito criticado por ser inglês, mas atualmente é muito criticado por ser utilizado erroneamente. Foi disseminado principalmente utilizado erroneamente. Foi disseminado principalmente pelo setor dos atendentes de telemarketing.pelo setor dos atendentes de telemarketing.Exemplos:Exemplos:

Eu vou estar resolvendo o problema do senhor em Eu vou estar resolvendo o problema do senhor em alguns dias.alguns dias.

No lugar de: Eu resolverei o problema do senhor em No lugar de: Eu resolverei o problema do senhor em alguns dias. alguns dias.

Ou: Eu vou resolver o problema para o senhor em alguns Ou: Eu vou resolver o problema para o senhor em alguns dias.dias.

Estudiosos discutem o valor semântico deste uso na Estudiosos discutem o valor semântico deste uso na Língua Portuguesa. A maioria afirma que este uso denota Língua Portuguesa. A maioria afirma que este uso denota falta de compromisso, traço típico da cultura brasileira.falta de compromisso, traço típico da cultura brasileira.

The Present Perfect The Present Perfect TenseTense

É formado com o verbo É formado com o verbo to haveto have (present tense) + verbo principal no (present tense) + verbo principal no past participle.past participle.É usado para descrever:É usado para descrever:

Uma ação que ocorreu em um ponto Uma ação que ocorreu em um ponto de tempo indefinido no passado:de tempo indefinido no passado:

She She has gonehas gone away. away.

Uma ação que começou no passado Uma ação que começou no passado e tem continuidade até o presente e tem continuidade até o presente momento:momento:

I I have livedhave lived here since 1990. here since 1990. She She has beenhas been there for hours. there for hours.

Uma ação que acabou de ocorrer:Uma ação que acabou de ocorrer: The old man The old man hashas just just dieddied..

Advérbios que podem acompanhar o Advérbios que podem acompanhar o Present Perfect Tense.Present Perfect Tense.already – yet – ever – lately – so far – etc.already – yet – ever – lately – so far – etc.

Exemplos:Exemplos: She has She has alreadyalready left. (já) left. (já) Have you met him Have you met him yetyet? (já)? (já) I haven’t seen him I haven’t seen him yetyet. (ainda). (ainda) Have you Have you everever seen a ghost? seen a ghost? (alguma (alguma

vez na vida)vez na vida) Nobody has arrived Nobody has arrived so farso far. (até agora). (até agora) I haven’t seen him I haven’t seen him latelylately. (ultimamente). (ultimamente)

Nota:Nota:

Observe bem a diferença entre o Observe bem a diferença entre o Simple Past e o Present Perfect:Simple Past e o Present Perfect:

He He has eaten has eaten all the apples. all the apples. He He ateate them last night. them last night.

The Past Perfect TenseThe Past Perfect Tense

Forma-se com o verbo to have (past Forma-se com o verbo to have (past tense) + verbo principal no past tense) + verbo principal no past participle.participle.

Descreve uma ação passada anterior Descreve uma ação passada anterior a outra também passada.a outra também passada.

Exemplos:Exemplos: He told me he He told me he had beenhad been there there

before.before.

After he After he had foundhad found her phone her phone number, he called her up.number, he called her up.

After he After he had finishedhad finished the exercises, the exercises, he went to bed.he went to bed.

One night, after he had gotten One night, after he had gotten ready for bed, my husband went out ready for bed, my husband went out to the driveway to retrieve some to the driveway to retrieve some work papers from his car. Since it work papers from his car. Since it was dark, he figured no one would was dark, he figured no one would see him make the quick run in his see him make the quick run in his underwear.underwear.

And he probably would have And he probably would have made it too, if not for our motion-made it too, if not for our motion-sensor light, which illuminated him sensor light, which illuminated him just as he reached the car door.just as he reached the car door.

By Beverly W. Dillard By Beverly W. Dillard

The Present Perfect The Present Perfect Continuous TenseContinuous Tense

É usado para descrever uma ação É usado para descrever uma ação que começou no passado e que tem que começou no passado e que tem continuidade até o presente continuidade até o presente momento.momento.

Forma-se com o verbo to be (present Forma-se com o verbo to be (present perfect tense) + verbo principal no perfect tense) + verbo principal no infinito sem infinito sem toto acrescido de ING. acrescido de ING.

Exemplos:Exemplos:

He He has been waitinghas been waiting for him for for him for hours.hours.

They They have been doinghave been doing it since last it since last week.week.

Observe que o Observe que o The Present Perfect The Present Perfect ContinuousContinuous TenseTense é sinônimo do é sinônimo do Present Perfect TensePresent Perfect Tense,, quando o quando o intuito é mostrar uma ação que teve intuito é mostrar uma ação que teve início no passado e que continua até o início no passado e que continua até o presente momento. No entanto, presente momento. No entanto, prefere-se este tempo verbal quando prefere-se este tempo verbal quando nos referimos a ações mais recentes.nos referimos a ações mais recentes.

He He has livedhas lived here since last year. here since last year. == He He has been livinghas been living here since last here since last

year.year.

Se não houver continuidade de ação, os Se não houver continuidade de ação, os dois tempos verbais nada têm em dois tempos verbais nada têm em comum.comum.

He He has donehas done it. ≠ He it. ≠ He has been doinghas been doing it. it.

Whoever has been watching life go by, Whoever has been watching life go by, without being a part of it, has been without being a part of it, has been dying each day.dying each day.

M. StephensM. Stephens

Time ClausesTime ClausesSão orações introduzidas por São orações introduzidas por conjunções temporais. Uma Time conjunções temporais. Uma Time Clause sempre vem acompanhada Clause sempre vem acompanhada de uma outra oração, que é a de uma outra oração, que é a principal (main clause).principal (main clause).

When she arrives, we will talk to her.When she arrives, we will talk to her. After he finishes the letter, tell me.After he finishes the letter, tell me.

O verbo da Time Clause é o Simple O verbo da Time Clause é o Simple Present, enquanto que o da Main Clause Present, enquanto que o da Main Clause pode ser o Simple Future ou o Imperative.pode ser o Simple Future ou o Imperative.As principais conjugações temporais que As principais conjugações temporais que acompanham as Time Clauses são: acompanham as Time Clauses são: as, after, by the time, since, when, while, as, after, by the time, since, when, while, as soon as, before, by the time, till (until) e as soon as, before, by the time, till (until) e whenever.whenever.

I will wait I will wait tilltill Jane does it. Jane does it. Finish this job Finish this job beforebefore you leave. you leave.

Somewhere in the middleSomewhere in the middleDishwallaDishwalla

I was out the other dayI was out the other dayand I saw you in your big black carand I saw you in your big black carand I was waving as you were passingand I was waving as you were passingcause I know who you arecause I know who you areyou had this look that of an angelyou had this look that of an angelit was such a bad disguiseit was such a bad disguisedid you think for a second I would not did you think for a second I would not realizerealize

Chorus:Chorus: Tripping hard falling down onto the Tripping hard falling down onto the

groundground´cause I can't stand up´cause I can't stand upand I can't fall downand I can't fall downcause I'm somewhere in the middle cause I'm somewhere in the middle of thisof this

I was out the other nightI was out the other nightand I saw you so we had a fightand I saw you so we had a fightand it was late and I was lonelyand it was late and I was lonelyIt was such a long way homeIt was such a long way homeso I asked you if you'd join meso I asked you if you'd join mefor a single last call drinkfor a single last call drinkso you turned and bought us 2so you turned and bought us 2and you didn't even blinkand you didn't even blinkyou had this look that of an angelyou had this look that of an angelit was such a bad disguiseit was such a bad disguisewhen you drink it makes you angrywhen you drink it makes you angrywhen I drink I want you more and more when I drink I want you more and more and more and more

Chorus:Chorus:

Tripping hard falling down onto the Tripping hard falling down onto the groundgroundcause I can't stand upcause I can't stand upand I can't fall downand I can't fall downcause I'm somewhere in the middle of thiscause I'm somewhere in the middle of this

Tripping hard falling down onto the groundTripping hard falling down onto the groundcause I can't stand upcause I can't stand upand I can't fall downand I can't fall downcause I'm somewhere in the middle of this cause I'm somewhere in the middle of this

Somewhere in the middle ..Somewhere in the middle ..You know I find it hardYou know I find it hardI always tried to find the sane lifeI always tried to find the sane lifeSomewhere in the middle ..Somewhere in the middle ..but I don't like the way things but I don't like the way things areareI keep falling to my kneesI keep falling to my kneessomewhere in the middle of thissomewhere in the middle of thisCause I´m somewhere in the Cause I´m somewhere in the middle of thismiddle of this

Chorus:Chorus:

Tripping hard falling down onto the Tripping hard falling down onto the groundgroundcause I can't stand upcause I can't stand upand I can't fall downand I can't fall downcause I'm somewhere in the middle of thiscause I'm somewhere in the middle of this

Cause Im somewhere in the middle of thisCause Im somewhere in the middle of thisSomewhere in the middle. Somewhere in the middle.

The endThe end