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Linfoma de Hodgkin recidivado e refratário: Quais as alternativas de tratamento no Brasil?
Dra Caroline Bonamin dos Santos Sola
HC UFPR
Instituto Pasquini Hematologia e TMO
Evolução dos Resultados
Ann
Arbor
Avançado
Adaptado de: Gallamini A, et al. Semin Hematol. 2016 ;53(3):148-54.
Adaptado de Armitage JO. N Engl J Med 2010;363:653–62
SG 5 a: 90% SG 5 a : 70%
Inicial
GHSG Classificação de Risco para LH
Estadio (Ann Arbor)
Fatores de risco IA, IB, IIA IIB IIIA, IIIB IVA, IVB
Nenhum Precoce
favorável
Avançada
≥3 Áreas de
linfonodos
Precoce
desfavorá
vel
VHS aumentado
Grande massa
mediastinal ou
Bulky
Doença
extranodal
Adaptado de: German Hodgkin Study group GHSG. Risk Groups. [internet] [ 2015 Oct 07]. Available from:
http://en.ghsg.org/risk-groups.
Linfoma de Hodgkin Localizado
Fonte: Klimm B, et al. Ann Oncol.2013; 24(12): 3070–6.
International Prognostic Index IPS
1.Idade > 45 anos
2.Sexo masculino
3.Estadio IV
4.Anemia (Hb < 10,5 g/dL)
5.Leucocitose (> 15 x 109/L)
6.Linfopenia (< 0,6 x 109/L)
7.Hipoalbuminemia
Hasenclever D, et al. N Engl J Med. 1998; 339(21): 1506-14.
Cada fator de risco
reduz a SLP em 7- 8%
IPS-7
Hasenclever D, et al. N Engl J Med. 1998; 339(21): 1506-14.
Fatores Prognósticos Biológicos
Non-Italics, non-bold: Potential prognostic factors – evidence from univariate analysis or simply correlation with response rates or other prognostic markers Of note: Potential prognostic factors derived from gene expression studies are not included (see table 2). References are not provided and many of them have been omitted due to space limitations.
Table 2: Selected biological prognostic models in Hodgkin lymphoma. Author [REF]
Patients, Stages
Treatment (Anthrac-based, %)
Material/Method Evaluated markers
Selected Prognostic Markers
High-Risk Group
Definition Size (% of total)
5-yr FFS
Serological Models
Casasnovas, 2007 [49]
519 cHL all stages
100% Plasma levels TNFα, TNFR1, TNFR2, IL-10, IL-1RA, IL-6, sCD30
IL-6 >668 IL-1RA >30 sCD30 >80
All 3 markers elevated
All: 4% IPS≥3: 14% IPS<3: 1.7%
22%
Marri, 2013 [50]
140 cHL all stages
>90% Serum levels of 30 molecules, including IL-10, IL-1RA, IL-6, TARC, sCD30
IL-6 >95
thpc
IL-2R >95
thpc
Both elevated
All: 14%
~40% IPS≥4: ~15%
Immunohistochemical Models
Montalban, 2004 [68]
259 cHL all stages
84% IHC/ISH 40 markers (HRS, background, cell cycle, apoptosis)
p53 bcl-XL TUNEL
2-3 positive
High-risk plus IPS≥3: 10%
<50%
Greaves, 2012 [67]
122 cHL all stages
46% RT only 11%
IHC FOXP3, CD68, CD20 (microen-vironment), CD3, CD4, CD8
FOXP3 CD68
Low FOXP3 High CD68
47%
Kelley, 2007 [65]
81 cHL all stages
Not precisely specified
IHC FOXP3, Granzyme B, bcl-2, MAL
FOXP3/GrB Bcl-2 MAL
2-3 positive
33%
48%
Molecular Models
Scott, 2013 [69]
290 cHL (III/IV-I/IIXmed)
100% Gene Expression Analysis (259 selected genes, including previously shown prognostic)
23 genes – indep of IPS
High score
29%
51%
Sanchez-Espiridion, 2010 [70]
262 cHL IIBX/III/IV
100% RT-PCR (30 selected genes expressed by HRS or microenvironment)
11 gene score plus stage IV
High score (quartile 4)
25%
24%
Bröckelmann PJ et al. Seminars in Hematology. 2016 ;53:155–64
Fatores Prognósticos Biológicos
• CD30 solúvel: relação com massa tumoral (sCD30 > 100 U/mL)
• sCD30 < 20 U/mL bom prognóstico mesmo em doença avançada
• sCD30 > 200 U/mL prognóstico reservado
• IL-10: produzido pelas células de RS e pelos linfócitos reativos
• Níveis elevados estão relacionados a pior resultado (escape tumoral?)
Bröckelmann PJ et al. Seminars in Hematology. 2016 ;53:155–64
Recidiva
• 20-30% pacientes com LH vão apresentar recaída ou doença refratária
NOVA BIÓPSIA
Fatores Prognósticos Recidiva
Institut Català d'OncologiaInstitut Català d’Oncologia
Not all the Patients Do Equally Well After the Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation Procedure
Adverse Prognostic
Factors for an Adequate
Long Term Outcome
Primary Refractory Disease
Short Duration of 1st CR (< 12 months)
Bulky Disease
B Symptoms
Extranodal Disease
Advanced Disease
Fatores Prognósticos na Recidiva
• Quimiossensibilidade à QT Resgate
Autor Resultado
Czyz 2013 HR 2,33
Sirohi 2008 69% vs 14% (CR vs SD)
Majhail 2006 RR 2,9 (<PR) e RR 2,3 (<CR)
Sureda 2005 RR 4,5 (<PR)
Czyz 2004 62% vs 16% (<PR)
Brice 1997 75% vs 25% <PR (OS)
Bröckelmann PJ et al. Sem Hematol. 2016;53:155-64
Fatores Prognósticos na Recidiva
• PET Negativo x Positivo
Autor Resultado
Cocorocchio 2013 79% x 43%
Devillier 2012 79% x 29%
Moskowitz 2012 92% x 30%
Moskowitz 2010 75% x 31%
Bröckelmann PJ et al. Sem Hematol. 2016;53:155-64
Fatores Prognósticos na Recidiva
• Meta-análise
• 11 estudos
• 745 pacientes com Hodgkin refratário/recidivado
• FDG-PET pré-TACTH
• Positividade FDG-PET
• 25 a 65,2%
Estudos =11 FDG-PET
Positivo Negativo
SLP 0 – 52% 55 - 85%
SG 17 – 77% 78 – 100%
Sensibilidade: 67,2% (CI 58,2-75,3)
Especificidade: 70,7% (CI 64,2 – 76,5)
Adams HJA, et al. Ann Hematol. 2016;95:695–706
Diretrizes de Tratamento do LH
1. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. Hodgkin lymphoma version 2.2016.
2. Eichenauer DA, et al. Ann Oncol. 2014 Sep;25 Suppl 3:iii70-5.
Sequência de
tratamento
NCCN guidelines, 2016
Tratamento1
ESMO guidelines, 2014
Tratamento2
1º linha - frontline
• ABVD + IFRT
• Stanford V
• BEACOPP
• BEACOPP seguido por ABVD + RT
• ABVD somente
• Tratamento individualizado pode ser necessário
para os pacientes mais idosos e para os pacientes
com doenças concomitantes (2A)
• ABVD ou BEACOPP ± RT (I–II,A)
2º linha –
resgate/
salvamento • Quimioterapia de alta dose + TACT • Quimioterapia de alta dose + TACT
3º linha
• Brentuximabe vedotina
• Transplante alogênico
• Não há dados para apoiar os resultados com
qualquer tratamento posterior; terapia
individualizada recomendado
• Estudo clínico pode ser recomendado
• Brentuximabe vedotina
• Transplante alogênico
• Não há dados para apoiar os resultados com qualquer
tratamento posterior; terapia individualizada
recomendado
• Estudo clínico pode ser recomendado
Qual Melhor QT Resgate?
0 20 40 60 80 100
ESHAP
GDP
GVD
DHAP
ICE
Dexa-BEAM
MINE
ASHAP
mini-BEAM
IGEV
% Taxa de Resposta
Resposta Completa (RC)
Resposta Parcial (RP)
Adaptado: Armitage JO. N Engl J Med 2010;363:653–62.
Resa Sobrevida e grau de resposta antes TMO
17% com doença resistente (p<0,0001)
Sirohi B, et al. Ann Oncol 2008;19:1312–9; 2. Majhail NS, et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2006;12:1065–72.
100
80
60
40
20
0 5 10 15 20
n
Resposta completa 53
Resposta parcial 96
Resistente 46
Pro
ba
bil
ida
de
de
SG
(%
)
Tempo após o transplante (anos)
5-anos SG:
59% RP
79% RC
SLP e grau de resposta antes TMO
69%
49%
14%
Sirohi B, et al. Ann Oncol 2008;19:1312–9;
Esquemas Condicionamento
BEAM
Conclusões
• Linfoma de Hodgkin tem altas taxas de cura
• Pacientes que não respondem à terapia ou que recidivam tem um prognóstico reservado
• Fatores prognósticos são úteis em identificar pacientes com alta probabilidade de recidiva pós TMO
• Estratégias pós TMO devem ser buscadas para melhorar o prognóstico
• Avaliação por exames funcionais de imagem tem valor, porém vários pacientes com PET negativo recairão pós TMO e vários PET positivos continuam em remissão
Como melhorar resultados do TACT em pacientes risco alto de recaída?
• AETHERA: Brentuximab manutenção pós TACT
• Refratário ao tratamento de 1ª linha
• Recidivado em <12 meses após tratamento de 1ª linha
• Recidivado com ≥12 meses mas com envolvimento extranodal
Estudo Fase III de Brentuximabe vedotina vs placebo em LH refratário ou recidivado em pacientes com risco de recidiva após TACT
Dose e cronograma: Os pacientes foram randomizados 1:1 para receber 16 ciclos a cada 21 dias de brentuximabe vedotina 1.8 mg/kg
EV no dia 1 ou placebo
• Pacientes que progrediram no placebo puderam receber brentuximabe vedotina
Fatores
de risco
avaliados
Fatores de Risco
(estratificação)
Terapia
de
salvamento
Re-
estrat
ificaç
ão
Fator de Estratificação adicional
Início do tratamento
do estudo D30-45
pós TACT
Não elegível
RC
RP
DE
DP
TACT n = 165
n = 164
Moskowitz CH; Nademanee A; Masszi T, et al. Lancet 2015; 385:1853-62
Característica
Brentuximabe
vedotina
n=165
Placebo
n=164
Idade média, anos (faixa) 33 (18–71) 32 (18–76)
Nº de terapias de salvamento sistêmicas anteriores
1
≥2
57%
43%
52%
48%
Estado do LH após a terapia de 1ª linha
Refratário
recidivado <12 meses
recidivado ≥12 meses
60%
32%
8%
59%
33%
8%
Resposta à terapia de salvamento pré-TACT
RC
RP
DE
37%
35%
28%
38%
34%
28%
Envolvimento extranodal na recidiva pré TACT 33% 32%
Sintomas B após a terapia de linha de frente 28% 24%
PET pré-TACT
FDG positivo
FDG negativo
Não disponível
39%
34%
27%
31%
35%
34%
AETHERA
Moskowitz CH; Nademanee A; Masszi T, et al. Lancet 2015; 385:1853-62
AETHERA
SLP por CRI SLP por investigador†
Resultado
de SLP
Brentuximabe
vedotina
(n=165)
Placebo
(n=164)
SLP 43 meses 24
meses
HR (95% IC)
0,57 (0,40, 0,81)
p=0,0013
SLP de 2 anos
63% 51%
Resultado
de SLP
Brentuximab
e vedotina
(n=165)
Placebo
(n=164)
SLP NR 16
meses
HR (95%
IC)
0,50 (0,36, 0,70)
valor p NR
SLP de 2 anos
65% 45%
* * * * * * * * * * * *
Brentuximabe vedotina
Placebo Po
rcen
tagem
de
pa
cie
nte
s
livre
s d
e D
P o
u ó
bito
Brentuximabe vedotina
Placebo
Tempo (Meses) Tempo (Meses) N em Risco
(Eventos) N em Risco
(Eventos)
AETHERA
Subgroup analysis of PFS per IRF
PFS, progression-free survival; IRF, independent review facility; PD, progressive death; ASCT, autologous stem cell transplantation; HL, Hodgkin lymphoma; ECOG, European Cooperative Oncology Group; FDG, fluorodeoxyglucose
Moskowitz C et al. Lancet Oncology 2016
SLP pelos critérios de inclusão do
investigador
Nº de
fatores
de risco n
SLP por CRI
RR
(95% IC)
SG
RR
(95% IC)
≥1
329
0,57
(0,40, 0,81)
1,15
(0,67, 1,97)
≥2*
280
0,49
(0,34, 0,71)
0,94
(0,53, 1,67)
≥3*
166
0,43
(0,27, 0,68)
0.92
(0,45, 1,88)
* Sint B, RP/estável, +2QT
AETHERA
p=0.62
SG
SLP e SG por nº de fatores de risco
Porc
enta
gem
de
pacie
nte
s v
ivo
s
Tempo (Meses) N em Risco (Eventos)
Moskowitz CH; Nademanee A; Masszi T, et al. Lancet 2015; 385:1853-62
Efeitos Colaterais
Qualquer evento
Neutropenia
Neuropatia sensorial
periférica
Fadiga
Infecção do trato
respiratório superior
Náusea
Neuropatia motora
periférica
Diarreia
Tosse
Incidência da porcentagem
Grau 3 Grau 3 Moskowitz CH; Nademanee A; Masszi T, et al.
Lancet 2015; 385:1853-62
Recaída Pós Autólogo
Overall Survival by Time to Relapse After Transplant1,2
1. Horning S et al. Ann Oncol. 2008;19(suppl 4):Abstract 118. 2. Arai S et al. Leuk Lymphoma. 2013;54:2531-2533.
Diretrizes de Tratamento do LH
Adaptado de 1. NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. Hodgkin lymphoma version 2.2016.
2. Eichenauer DA, et al. Ann Oncol. 2014 Sep;25 Suppl 3:iii70-5.
Sequência de
tratamento
NCCN guidelines, 2016
Tratamento1
ESMO guidelines, 2014
Tratamento2
1º linha - frontline
• ABVD + IFRT
• Stanford V
• BEACOPP
• BEACOPP seguido por ABVD + RT
• ABVD somente
• Tratamento individualizado pode ser necessário para os
pacientes mais idosos e para os pacientes com doenças
concomitantes (2A)
• ABVD ou BEACOPP ± RT (I–II,A)
2º linha – resgate/
salvamento
• Radioterapia ou quimioterapia de resgate/salvamento ±
radioterapia seguida de quimioterapia de alta dose +
TACT / transplante alogênico
• Quimioterapia de resgate/ salvamento + TACT
• BEACOPP escalonado ou radioterapia de resgate
/salvamento
3º linha
• Brentuximabe vedotina
• Transplante alogênico • Estudo clínico pode ser recomendado
• Brentuximabe vedotina
• Transplante alogênico • Estudo clínico pode ser recomendado
Desenho do Estudo Pivotal fase II Aberto de um Braço do Brentuximabe Vedotina em LH R/R
ELIGIBILIDADE
LH CD30+ R/R
≥12 anos
Doença mensurável
≥1.5 cm
ECOG 01
TCTA prévio
• Brentuximabe vedotina: 1.8 mg/kg IV c/21
dias
• 8 a 16 ciclos para DE ou melhor
• Reestadiamento (RE)
• Avaliação a cada 3 meses por 2
anos.
• A cada 6 meses dos anos 3-5.
• Anualmente após 5 anos.
N=102
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
10 11
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
# c
iclo
s
me
se
s
Follo
w-u
p
RE RE RE RE
OBJETIVO PRIMÁRIO
Taxa de Resposta Objetiva por Serviço
de Revisão Independente
Younes A, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(18):2183-9.
Características Basais Pacientes
n=102
Mediana de idade, anos (variação) 31 (1577)
Sexo 48 M / 54 F
Capacidade funcional pelo ECOG
0
1
42 (41%)
60 (59%)
Refratários à primeira linha 72 (71%)
Refratários ao tratamento mais recente 43 (42%)
Regimes de quimioterapia prévios 3.5 (113)
Irradiação previa 67 (66%)
TACT prévio
1
2
91 (89%)
11 (11%)
Tempo do TACT à primeira recidiva pos-transplante 6.7 meses (0131)
1. Younes A, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(18):2183-9.
2. Gopal AK, et al. Blood. 2013;122(21):A4382.
• Objetivo primário: taxa de resposta objetiva (TRO; RC+RP) – mediana seguimento 1,5 anos
TRO
75% [95% CI:
65, 83]
Pacie
nte
s (
%)
Estudo SG035-0003 Pivotal de fase II de brentuximabe vedotina em pacientes com LH R/R pós-TCTA
Resultados Grau de Resposta
1.Younes A, et al. J Clin Oncol 2012;30:2183-89.
2. Cheson BD, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(5):579-586
Mediana (variação) dos ciclos de tratamento: 9 (1–16)
Duração do Tratamento e da Resposta
Avaliação Independente (n=102)
Tempo mediano para RG (variação) 5.7 sem (5.1-56)
Duração mediana da RG (95% CI) 6.7 meses (3.6–14.8)
Tempo mediano até a RC (variação) 12 sem (5.1–56)
Duração mediana da RC (95% CI) 20.5 meses (10.8, –)
SG mediana (95% CI) 40.5 meses (28.7, –)
Taxa de sobrevida estimada em 3 anos (95% CI)
54% (44, 64)
SLP mediana (95% CI) 5.6 meses (5.0, 9.0)
Younes A, et al. J Clin Oncol. 2012;30(18):2183-9.; Gopal AK, et al. Blood. 2013;122(21):A4382.
Avaliação PET após ciclo 4
Sobrevida global e Sobrevida Livre de Progressão de acordo com PET após ciclo 4
Tempo (Meses)
Po
rce
nta
gem
de P
ac
ien
tes
Liv
res
de
Eve
nto
s
Pro B, et al. Blood. 2013;122(21):A1809
SG PET -
SG PET +
SLP PET +
SLP PET -
Eventos Adversos
%EA, >20% dos pacientes Todos os
graus
Grau
3
Grau
4
Neuropatia sensorial
periférica 47 9 0
Fadiga 46 2 0
Náusea 42 0 0
Infeção respiratória superior 37 0 0
Diarreia 36 1 0
Pirexia 29 2 0
Neutropenia 22 14 6
Vómito 22 0 0
Tosse 21 0 0
Gopal AK, et al. Blood. 2013;122(21):A4382.
Manejo da Neuropatia Periférica
Gravidade da neuropatia periférica
sensorial ou motora (sinais e sintomas
de acordo com CTCAE)
Modificação da dose e do esquema
Grau 1
Parestesia e/ou perda de reflexos,
sem perda de função
Continuar com a mesma dose e
esquema.
Grau 2
Interferência com função mas não
com atividades diárias ou
Grau 3
Interferência com atividades diárias
Suspender a dose até a toxicidade
retornar para grau 1 ou basal.
Reiniciar o tratamento com dose
reduzida de 1.2 mg/kg a cada três
semanas.
Grau 4
Neuropatia sensorial incapacitante ou
neuropatia motora que oferece risco
de vida ou leva à paralisia
Suspender definitivamente o
tratamento.
Adcetris® [Bula]. São Paulo, Takeda Pharma.
• Taxa de sobrevida geral em 5 anos foi 41% e SLP 22% • RC: SG 70% e SLP 52%
Perc
entu
al de P
acie
nte
s V
ivos
Tempo (Meses)
Pacientes no Estudo e em Remissão
Eventos
Mediana
(Meses)
Tempo (Meses)
Eventos Mediana
(Meses)
Pacientes ITT
Perc
entu
al de P
acie
nte
s V
ivos
RC
RP
DE
Chen R, et al. Blood. 2016;126(23):2736
Chen R. Blood 2016
Sobrevida global Sobrevida livre de evento
TMO alogênico
Sem transplante
• 34 pacientes obtiveram RC após BV • 6 submetidos a transplante alogênico
Perc
entu
al de P
acie
nte
s V
ivos
Pe
rce
ntu
al d
e P
acie
nte
s L
ivre
s d
e D
P o
u M
ort
e
Tempo (Meses) Tempo (Meses)
Transplante Célula Tronco Após Tratamento
Sem Transplante Após Tratamento Transplante Célula Tronco Após Tratamento
Sem Transplante Após Tratamento
Eventos Mediana
(Meses) Eventos
Mediana
(Meses)
Chen R, et al. Blood. 2016;126(23):2736
Chen R. Blood 2016
83%
60% 67%
48%
• 9 pacientes (9%) permaneceram com doença em RC após BV isolado
• Mediana resposta 4 ciclos, sendo que 2 atingiram RC após 10° ciclo e 1 , após 16°
• Pacientes mais jovens, com doença extranodal e tempo menor entre recaída e início brentuximab
Chen R, et al. Blood. 2016;126(23):2736
Chen R. Blood 2016
Mechanisms of Action of Immunotherapy Modalities1
1. Batlevi CL et al. Nat Rev Clin Oncol. 2016;13:25-40.
May 17, 2016: FDA approved nivolumab for relapsed HL
Nivolumab in Classical HL Following BV Failure1
Nivolumab for Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma After Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation and
Brentuximab Vedotin Failure: A Phase 2 Study
Anas Younes1, Armando Santoro2, Margaret Shipp3, Pier Luigi Zinzani4, John M Timmerman5, Stephen Ansell6, Philippe Armand3, Michelle Fanale7, Voravit Ratanatharathorn8, John Kuruvilla9, Jonathon Cohen10, Graham Collins11, Kerry J Savage12, Marek Trneny13, Kazunobu Kato14, Benedetto Farsaci14, Susan M Parker14, Scott
Rodig15, Margaretha GM Roemer3, Azra H Ligon15, Andreas Engert16
1Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. 2Humanitas Cancer Center, Humanitas University, Rozzano-Milan, Italy. 3Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. 4Institute of Hematology "Le A Seràgnoli", University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy .
5University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA. 6Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. 7University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. 8Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA. 9University of Toronto and Princess
Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada. 10Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. 11Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK. 12Department of Medical Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver,
BC, Canada. 13Charles University in Prague and General University Hospital in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. 14Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA. 15Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. 16University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
1.Younes A et al. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17:1283-1294.
100
75
50
25
0
-25
-50
-75
-100
Ch
an
ge
Fro
m B
as
eli
ne
, %
PR (58%)
CR (9%; FDG-PET negative)
SD, PD, or unable to determine
CheckMate205B
All but one responder had a reduction of ≥50% from baseline in tumor burden
Tumor Burden Change From Baseline (All Response-Evaluable Patients)1
1.Younes A et al. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17:1283-1294.
Median follow-up (range), months
8.9 (1.9-11.7)
Median PFS (95% CI), months
10.0 (8.41-NA)
PFS rate at 6 months (95% CI), %
76.9 (65-85)
Median OS Not reached
OS rate at 6 months (95% CI), %
98.7 (91-100)
CheckMate205
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
Pro
ba
bil
ity
of
Ev
en
t
0 3 6 9 12
76.9%
PFS (24/80 events)
Months
98.7% OS (3/80 events)
Progression-Free and Overall Survival1
1.Younes A et al. Lancet Oncol. 2016;17:1283-1294.
Immune-Related Adverse Events1
Gastrointestinal
Colitis/diarrhea1,3
Neuromuscular
Peripheral sensory
neuropathy1
Respiratory
Pneumonitis1,2
Hepatic Autoimmune hepatitis1,2
ALT/AST increases1,3
Renal Nephritis1
Renal failure5
Skin Maculopapular rash1
Pruritus1,3
Endocrine Hypophysitis1-3
Thyroiditis1,2
Type 1 diabetes4
1. Teply BA et al. Oncology. 2014;28(suppl 3):30-38. 2. Topalian SL et al. N Engl J Med. 2012;366:2443-2454. 3. Hodi FS et al. N Engl J
Med. 2010;363:711-723. 4. Mellati M et al. Diabetes Care. 2015;38:e137-e138; 5. Forde PM et al. Anticancer Res. 2012;32;4607-4608.
0
25
50
75
100
CR
PR
Re
sp
on
se R
ate
, %
• High response rates • Potentially combinable at full doses
Single-Agent Activity of Novel Agents in Relapsed cHL1,2
1. Updated from Betlevi CL, Younes A. Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program. 2013;2013:394-399.
2. Smith K et al. In: Hoffman RM. Textbook of Hematology. 2015. (In Press).
BV Prior to ASCT in HL1
Robert Chen1, Joycelynne Palmer2, Peter Martin5, Ni-Chun Tsai2, Young Kim3, Sandra Thomas1, Shan Yuan1, Michelle Mott1, Firoozeh Sahebi1,4, Tanya Siddiqi1, Leslie Popplewell1, Stephen Forman1
Results of a Multicenter Phase 2 Trial of
Brentuximab Vedotin as Second-Line Therapy
before Autologous Transplantation in Relapsed/
Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma
Departments of 1Hematology & Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, 2Information Sciences and 3Pathology, City of Hope, Duarte, CA,
USA; 4Kaiser Permanente of Southern California, Los Angles, CA, USA; 5Division of Hematology/Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical
College, New York, NY, USA
1. Chen R. et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2015;21:2136-2140.
COH and Cornell
Investigator-Initiated Study1
BV x 2 cycles
CT or PET
scan
CR PR
SD
PD
BV x 2 cycles
Salvage chemo
CT or PET
scan
SD PD
PR
CR
Stem cell mobilization
ASCT
Salvage chemo
• BV given at 1.8 mg/kg IV outpatient every 3 weeks for four cycles max • No premedication with first cycle
1. Chen R et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2015;21:2136-2140.
Characteristics N (%) or Median (Range)
Age 34 (11-67)
Institution • City of Hope • Weill Cornell
31 (84%) 6 (16%)
Stage at diagnosis
• I-II • III-IV
19 (51%) 18 (49%)
B symptoms 23 (62%)
Bulky disease (>5 cm) 32 (86%)
Induction chemotherapy
• ABVD • ABVD/BEACOPP
• ABVE-PC
34 2
1
Prior XRT 9 (24%)
Best response to induction
• Primary refractory • Relapsed (within 7 months)
24 (65%) 13 (35%)
Baseline Patient Characteristics1
1. Chen R et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2015;21:2136-2140.
Best Response to BV
(N = 37)
Response to Combination Chemotherapy
(ICE/DICE/IGEV/GVD) Post-BV
(N = 18)
ORR 25/37 (68%) 16/18 (89%)
CR 13/37 (35%) 10/18 (56%)
PR 12/37 (32%) 6/18 (33%)
SD 10/37 (27%) 1/18 (6%)
PD 2/37 (5%) 1/18 (6%)
Response Rates1
Univariate analysis: no differences in terms of age, sex, disease stage,
response to induction, bulky disease, or B symptoms
1. Chen R et al. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant. 2015;21:2136-2140.
Median Follow-Up
27.3 Months
OS 93.6% (76.9, 98.4)
PFS 71.9% (52.9, 84.3)
NRM D100
-3.1% (0.5, 21.5)
PFS Results Post-ASCT1,2
1. Chen R et al. 2015 American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting (ASH 2015). Abstract 519.
2. Herrera A et al. 10th International Symposium on Hodgkin Lymphoma (ISHL10 2016). Abstract P086.
Summary
ASCT indicated for patients with relapsed/refractory HL after induction therapy failure
• CR status at ASCT is predictive of good outcome
• Primary refractory disease, relapse <1 year, and extranodal disease at relapse are poor risk predictors
Brentuximab vedotin–based strategy as bridge to ASCT
• Brentuximab vedotin followed by ICE, 2-year PFS 72%
• BV + bendamustine/ESHAP/ICE, ORR 90%+
• BV + nivolumab, ORR 90%, CR 62%
Novel therapy as maintenance post-ASCT
• BV as consolidation, improves 2-year PFS
Novel therapy for patients who are not ASCT eligible
• BV single agent or in combination
4
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
HLA-Id Sib WMUD 10/10 CB Haplo
Allo-SCT in Relapsed / Refractory HL.
Fact or Fiction in 2016
EBMT LymphomaDatabase, withpermission
TMO no Linfoma Hodgkin
TMO no Linfoma Hodgkin
Sureda, Cur Thr Oncolol. 2014
Resultados Condicionamento Mieloablativo
Reddy N. Hematol Oncol Clin N Am. 2014
Resultados Condicionamento Intensidade Reduzida
TRM Relapse PFS OS
Reddy N. Hematol Oncol Clin N Am. 2014
Comparison of Outcomes of HLA-Matched Related, Unrelated, or
HLA-Haploidentical Related Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
following Nonmyeloablative Conditioning for Relapsed or
Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma
Lauri M. Burroughs1, Paul V. O’Donnell1, Brenda M. Sandmaier1, Barry E. Storer1, Leo
Luznik2, Heather J. Symons2, Richard J. Jones2, Richard F. Ambinder2, Michael B. Maris3,
Karl G. Blume4, Dietger W. Niederwieser5, Benedetto Bruno6, Richard T. Maziarz7, Michael
A. Pulsipher8, Finn B. Petersen9, Rainer Storb1, Ephraim J. Fuchs2, and David G. Maloney1
1Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer
Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland 3Rocky Mountain Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Denver,
Colorado 4Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 5University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany 6University
of Torino, Torino, Italy 7Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 8University of Utah, Salt
Lake City, Utah 9Intermountain Blood & Marrow Transplant Program, Salt Lake City, Utah
Abstract
We compared the outcome of nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT)
for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) based on donor cell source. Ninety
patients with HL were treated with nonmyeloablative conditioning followed by HCT from HLA-
matched related, n = 38, unrelated, n = 24, or HLA-haploidentical related, n = 28 donors. Patients
were heavily pretreated with a median of 5 regimens and most patients had failed autologous HCT
(92%) and local radiation therapy (83%). With a median follow-up of 25 months, 2-year overall
survivals, progression-free survivals (OS)/(PFS), and incidences of relapsed/progressive disease
were 53%, 23%, and 56% (HLA-matched related), 58%, 29%, and 63% (unrelated), and 58%, 51%,
and 40% (HLA-haploidentical related), respectively. Nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was significantly
lower for HLA-haploidentical related (P =.02) recipients compared to HLA-matched related
recipients. There were also significantly decreased risks of relapse for HLA-haploidentical related
recipients compared to HLA-matched related (P = .01) and unrelated (P = .03) recipients. The
incidences of acute grades III–IV and extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD, cGVHD)
were 16%/50% (HLA-matched related), 8%/63% (unrelated), and 11%/35% (HLA-haploidentical
related). These data suggested that salvage allogeneic HCTusing nonmyeloablative conditioning
provided antitumor activity in patients with advanced HL; however, disease relapse/progression
continued to be major problems. Importantly, alternative donor stem cell sources are a viable option.
Keywords
Hodgkin lymphoma; Hematopoietic cell transplantation; Nonmyeloablative
Correspondence and reprint requests: David G. Maloney, MD, PhD, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview AvenueNorth, MS D1–100, Seattle, WA 98109 (e-mail: [email protected]).
NIH Public AccessAuthor ManuscriptBiol Blood Marrow Transplant . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 February 24.
Published in final edited form as:
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant . 2008 November ; 14(11): 1279–1287. doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.08.014.
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• 38 AP- Cond TBI 200 rads • 24 NAP: Cond TBi+ Flu 150 • 24 Haplo: Cond: Cy29+ Flu 150+ TBI 200
IP: Cy100 pós+CSA+MMF
Figure 1.
Incidences of (A) grade II-IV aGVHD, (B) grade III–IV aGVHD, and (C) extensive cGVHD
according to donor type.
Burroughs et al. Page 12
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 February 24.
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Comparison of Outcomes of HLA-Matched Related, Unrelated, or
HLA-Haploidentical Related Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
following Nonmyeloablative Conditioning for Relapsed or
Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma
Lauri M. Burroughs1, Paul V. O’Donnell1, Brenda M. Sandmaier1, Barry E. Storer1, Leo
Luznik2, Heather J. Symons2, Richard J. Jones2, Richard F. Ambinder2, Michael B. Maris3,
Karl G. Blume4, Dietger W. Niederwieser5, Benedetto Bruno6, Richard T. Maziarz7, Michael
A. Pulsipher8, Finn B. Petersen9, Rainer Storb1, Ephraim J. Fuchs2, and David G. Maloney1
1Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer
Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland 3Rocky Mountain Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Denver,
Colorado 4Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 5University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany 6University
of Torino, Torino, Italy 7Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 8University of Utah, Salt
Lake City, Utah 9Intermountain Blood & Marrow Transplant Program, Salt Lake City, Utah
Abstract
We compared the outcome of nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT)
for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) based on donor cell source. Ninety
patients with HL were treated with nonmyeloablative conditioning followed by HCT from HLA-
matched related, n = 38, unrelated, n = 24, or HLA-haploidentical related, n = 28 donors. Patients
were heavily pretreated with a median of 5 regimens and most patients had failed autologous HCT
(92%) and local radiation therapy (83%). With a median follow-up of 25 months, 2-year overall
survivals, progression-free survivals (OS)/(PFS), and incidences of relapsed/progressive disease
were 53%, 23%, and 56% (HLA-matched related), 58%, 29%, and 63% (unrelated), and 58%, 51%,
and 40% (HLA-haploidentical related), respectively. Nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was significantly
lower for HLA-haploidentical related (P =.02) recipients compared to HLA-matched related
recipients. There were also significantly decreased risks of relapse for HLA-haploidentical related
recipients compared to HLA-matched related (P = .01) and unrelated (P = .03) recipients. The
incidences of acute grades III–IV and extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD, cGVHD)
were 16%/50% (HLA-matched related), 8%/63% (unrelated), and 11%/35% (HLA-haploidentical
related). These data suggested that salvage allogeneic HCTusing nonmyeloablative conditioning
provided antitumor activity in patients with advanced HL; however, disease relapse/progression
continued to be major problems. Importantly, alternative donor stem cell sources are a viable option.
Keywords
Hodgkin lymphoma; Hematopoietic cell transplantation; Nonmyeloablative
Correspondence and reprint requests: David G. Maloney, MD, PhD, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview AvenueNorth, MS D1–100, Seattle, WA 98109 (e-mail: [email protected]).
NIH Public AccessAuthor ManuscriptBiol Blood Marrow Transplant . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 February 24.
Published in final edited form as:
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant . 2008 November ; 14(11): 1279–1287. doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.08.014.
NIH
-PA Author Manuscript
NIH
-PA Author Manuscript
NIH
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Figure 1.
Incidences of (A) grade II-IV aGVHD, (B) grade III–IV aGVHD, and (C) extensive cGVHD
according to donor type.
Burroughs et al. Page 12
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 February 24.N
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Figure 2.
Incidences of relapse according to donor type.
Burroughs et al. Page 13
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 February 24.
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Burroughts, BBMT 2008
Figure 3.
Incidences of (A) OS, and (B) PFS according to donor type.
Burroughs et al. Page 14
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 February 24.
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Comparison of Outcomes of HLA-Matched Related, Unrelated, or
HLA-Haploidentical Related Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation
following Nonmyeloablative Conditioning for Relapsed or
Refractory Hodgkin Lymphoma
Lauri M. Burroughs1, Paul V. O’Donnell1, Brenda M. Sandmaier1, Barry E. Storer1, Leo
Luznik2, Heather J. Symons2, Richard J. Jones2, Richard F. Ambinder2, Michael B. Maris3,
Karl G. Blume4, Dietger W. Niederwieser5, Benedetto Bruno6, Richard T. Maziarz7, Michael
A. Pulsipher8, Finn B. Petersen9, Rainer Storb1, Ephraim J. Fuchs2, and David G. Maloney1
1Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 2Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer
Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore, Maryland 3Rocky Mountain Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Denver,
Colorado 4Stanford University, Palo Alto, California 5University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany 6University
of Torino, Torino, Italy 7Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 8University of Utah, Salt
Lake City, Utah 9Intermountain Blood & Marrow Transplant Program, Salt Lake City, Utah
Abstract
We compared the outcome of nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT)
for patients with relapsed or refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) based on donor cell source. Ninety
patients with HL were treated with nonmyeloablative conditioning followed by HCT from HLA-
matched related, n = 38, unrelated, n = 24, or HLA-haploidentical related, n = 28 donors. Patients
were heavily pretreated with a median of 5 regimens and most patients had failed autologous HCT
(92%) and local radiation therapy (83%). With a median follow-up of 25 months, 2-year overall
survivals, progression-free survivals (OS)/(PFS), and incidences of relapsed/progressive disease
were 53%, 23%, and 56% (HLA-matched related), 58%, 29%, and 63% (unrelated), and 58%, 51%,
and 40% (HLA-haploidentical related), respectively. Nonrelapse mortality (NRM) was significantly
lower for HLA-haploidentical related (P =.02) recipients compared to HLA-matched related
recipients. There were also significantly decreased risks of relapse for HLA-haploidentical related
recipients compared to HLA-matched related (P = .01) and unrelated (P = .03) recipients. The
incidences of acute grades III–IV and extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD, cGVHD)
were 16%/50% (HLA-matched related), 8%/63% (unrelated), and 11%/35% (HLA-haploidentical
related). These data suggested that salvage allogeneic HCTusing nonmyeloablative conditioning
provided antitumor activity in patients with advanced HL; however, disease relapse/progression
continued to be major problems. Importantly, alternative donor stem cell sources are a viable option.
Keywords
Hodgkin lymphoma; Hematopoietic cell transplantation; Nonmyeloablative
Correspondence and reprint requests: David G. Maloney, MD, PhD, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview AvenueNorth, MS D1–100, Seattle, WA 98109 (e-mail: [email protected]).
NIH Public AccessAuthor ManuscriptBiol Blood Marrow Transplant . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 February 24.
Published in final edited form as:
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant . 2008 November ; 14(11): 1279–1287. doi:10.1016/j.bbmt.2008.08.014.
NIH
-PA Author Manuscript
NIH
-PA Author Manuscript
NIH
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Figure 3.
Incidences of (A) OS, and (B) PFS according to donor type.
Burroughs et al. Page 14
Biol Blood Marrow Transplant . Author manuscript; available in PMC 2009 February 24.
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Burroughts, BBMT 2008
58%
58%
53%
51%
29%
23%
p NS P =.0008
FU 24m
A GVHD C GVHD
Raiola, BMT 2014
Raiola, BMT 2014
FU 24m
Rocha V, BMT 2017
CR/P
R
PD
• Follow up 30 meses
• MRT 13% 100 dias/ 26% 2anos
• SLP 2a: 54%
• SG 2a: 66%
• DECH a: 17%
• DECH c: 24%
Rocha V, BMT 2017
Strategy A Strategy B
PD-1/ PD-L1
antibodies
Brentuximab vedotin
PI3Ki mTORI
HDACi
Chemo
Brentuximab vedotin
+
PD-1/PD-L1
antibody
PI3Ki mTORI
Chemo
Hodgkin Lymphoma: Future Directions
HDACi
Obrigada