Maternidade Segura m2

8/12/2019 Maternidade Segura m2

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INTERNATIONAL LABOUR ORGANIZATION

Conditions of Work and Employment Proramme !TRA"AIL# $ %&'%

Module 2:

Maternity Protection at work:

For whom?

Maternity Protection Resource Package(rom Aspiration to Reality for All



)ATERNIT* PROTECTION RE+OURCE PAC,AGE- (RO) A+PIRATION TO REALIT* (OR ALL

Part '. )ATERNIT* PROTECTION AT WOR,. T/E BA+IC+

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2 Maternity Protection at work: For whom?

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Key contentsT0is mod1le 0i0li0ts t0e importan2e of maternity prote2tion for all

3orkers not 41st t0ose in t0e formal e2onomy- It in2l1des t0e follo3in.

E52l1sion from t0e leal s2ope of national la3 E52l1sion d1e to restri2ti6e 71alifyin 2onditions 8is2onne2tion 9et3een la3 and pra2ti2e or t0e :implementation

ap;

An o6er6ie3 of t0e prin2iple of in2l1sion and 0o3 it 0as e6ol6ed in

international la9o1r standards o6er time

Ways in 30i20 3omen 2an 9e e52l1ded from maternity prote2tion at3ork.

Case e5amples of efforts to e5tend maternity prote2tion to e52l1ded

ro1ps

Types of meas1res t0at stake0olders 2an take to e5tend maternity

prote2tion to 3omen in all types of 3ork





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All employed women, including those inatypical forms of dependent work should

e co!ered y maternity protection"

Convention No. 183, Article 2(1)

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Atypi2al 3ork in2l1des 3ork s120 as.

Part<time= 2as1al and seasonal 3ork

>o9<s0arin

(i5ed<term 2ontra2ts Temporary aen2y 3ork

/ome<9ased 3ork

Remote 3orkin

#he principle of inclusion





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?

$%tending Maternity Protection to all women workers

#imeline of commitments towards the e%tension of maternity protectionfor all women workers

&'&'. ILO mem9er +tates adopt )aternity Prote2tion Con6ention= '@'@ !No- ?# pro6idin maternityprote2tion to 3omen in p19li2 or pri6ate 2ommer2ial or ind1strial 1ndertakins-

&'((. T0e 8e2laration of P0iladelp0ia= part of t0e ILO Constit1tion= 9esto3ed 1pon t0e ILO t0e responsi9ility to promote maternity prote2tion in all of its mem9er +tates-

&')2. T0e se2ond )aternity Prote2tion Con6ention= '@% !No- '&?# e5tends t0e s2ope of prote2tion to:3omen employed in ind1strial 1ndertakins and in non<ind1strial and ari21lt1ral o221pations=in2l1din 3omen 3ae earners 3orkin at 0ome-;

&'*). T0e ILC iss1ed a 8e2laration on E71ality of Opport1nity and Treatment for Women Workers= statint0at all 3omen s0o1ld 9e entitled to maternity prote2tion paid for 9y so2ial se21rity-

&'+). T0e ILC iss1ed a Resol1tion on e71al opport1nities and e71al treatment for men and 3omen inemployment= settin 1ni6ersal maternity prote2tion as an ILO priority-

2. T0e ILO adopted its t0ird )aternity Prote2tion Con6ention= %&&& !No- '?#= 30i20 states t0at maternityprote2tion m1st apply to all employed 3omen= in2l1din t0ose in atypi2al forms of dependent 3ork-

2(. T0e ILC adopted a Resol1tion 2on2ernin t0e promotion of Gender E71ality= Pay E71ality and)aternity Prote2tion= 30i20 2alls 1pon o6ernments to e5tend )aternity Prote2tion to all 3omen-

2'. T0e ILC adopted a Resol1tion 2on2ernin Gender E71ality at t0e /eart of 8e2ent Work= 30i20 desinates o6ernments as 0oldin key responsi9ility for maternity prote2tion-

2&. T0e United Nations +o2ial Prote2tion (loor Initiati6e !+P(# is la1n20ed= in 2olla9oration 3it0 t0e ILO- It 2alls for a22ess to maternal 0ealt0 2are and in2ome se21rity aro1nd 20ild9irt0 to all 3omen-





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Realties and challenges

'- T0ey are e52l1ded from t0e s2ope of maternity

prote2tion la3s

%- T0ey are not elii9le for maternity prote2tion

?- T0ere are aps in t0e implementation of

maternity prote2tion

T0e ma4ority of 3omen still la2k maternity prote2tion

T0ree main reasons 30y t0ey are not 2o6ered.





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&" $%clusion from the legal scope of Maternity Protection

)any 3omen are eit0er not 2o6ered 9y or e52l1ded from t0e s2opeof maternity prote2tion

Typi2ally e52l1ded 2ateories.

8omesti2 3orkers )em9ers of t0e employerDs family or

3omen 3orkin in family 1ndertakins Cas1al or temporary 3orkers Ari21lt1ral 3orkers Workers in t0e armed for2es andor poli2e )anaers91siness e5e21ti6es

Workers earnin o6er a 2ertain 2eilin Apprenti2es Workers in small enterprises /ome 3orkers +elf<employed or o3n<a22o1nt 3orkers





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2" $%clusion on the asis of eligiility re-uirements .&/

F

Elii9ility re71irements for lea6e and 2as0 9enefits-

Elii9ility re71irements for lea6e may in2l1de.

A period of noti2e for a 3oman to inform 0er employer t0at s0e

is oin on lea6e

T0at a 3oman m1st 0a6e 9een employed for a 2ertain period of

time 9efore t0e maternity lea6e= often 3it0 t0e same employer

R1les settin minim1m 3orkin 0o1rs as a 2ondition of

elii9ility for lea6e

Restri2tions on t0e n1m9er of times a 3oman 2an takematernity lea6e= or a restri2tion of one lea6e allo3ed 3it0in a

i6en period of time

Citiens0ip





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H

2" $%clusion on the asis of eligiility re-uirements .2/

Elii9ility re71irements for 2as0 9enefits are allo3ed 9y t0e

ILO if.

T0ey 2an 9e met 9y a lare ma4ority of 3omen

T0ose 30o dont meet t0em are entitled to ade71ate 9enefits

T0ese re71irements most 2ommonly in2l1de.

A minim1m period of employment= often 3it0 t0e same

employer

A limit of t0e n1m9er of times 3omen 2an re2ei6e 9enefits

A minim1m period of 2ontri91tions to ins1ran2e s20emes





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0" $%clusion ecause of 1implementation gaps

E52l1sion 9e2a1se of aps

9et3een la3 and pra2ti2e 2an 9e

2a1sed 9y.

Am9i1ity of leal prote2tion

La2k of 2omm1ni2ation and

a3areness<raisin

La2k of o6ernment in6estment in

implementation

La2k of a22ess to so2ial se21rity





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3hat can e done?)eas1res to promote in2l1sion 2an in2l1de.

@

Assessin t0e s2ope of national leislation and ad6o2atin for its

e5tension

Limitin t0e restri2ti6e effe2t of elii9ility re71irements= in parti21lar

for 61lnera9le ro1ps E5tendin 2o6erae 9y rele6ant 2olle2ti6e areements and poli2ies

to in2l1de atypi2al 3orkers

E5tendin elii9ility for 0ealt0 and so2ial 2are and so2ial prote2tion

+ettin 1p national so2ial prote2tion floors t0at in2l1de a minim1m

set of maternity 2as0 and medi2al 9enefits to all 3omen

E5tendin a22ess to so2ial se21rity systems= allo3in fle5i9le

2ontri91tions and s1pportin mi2ro 0ealt0 ins1ran2e pro4e2ts for

poor 3omen 3orkin in t0e informal e2onomy





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Key points

'&

International la9o1r standards and frame3orks 0a6e e6ol6ed

to3ards t0e prin2iple of in2l1sion= aimin at proressi6ely

e5tendin maternity prote2tion to all 3omen 3orkers= reardless of

t0e type of paid 3ork t0ey perform or of t0eir employment stat1s-

As a eneral trend= national maternity prote2tion la3s aro1nd t0e

3orld are in2reasinly in line 3it0 ILO la9o1r standards-

T0ere are still many aps in in2l1sion at t0e national and

s19national le6els-

An effort to pro6ide ade71ate and effe2ti6e leal standards is still

needed in order to a20ie6e 1ni6ersal maternity prote2tion at 3ork- Proper assessment of t0e s2ope of national leislation= in2l1si6e

71alifyin 2onditions and t0e settin 1p of national +o2ial

Prote2tion (loor 1arantees 2an 0a6e a tremendo1s effe2t on

e5tendin maternity prote2tion to all 3omen 3orkers-

Documents

Maternidade Segura m2