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BIOLOGIA
Prof. Daniele Duó
Moléculas, Células e Tecidos
Introdução ao Metabolismo Energético
Parte 2
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Introdução ao Metabolismo Energético
• Conjunto de todas as reações do organismo
• Dividido em :Anabolismo e Catabolismo
Reações de síntese Reações de degradação
Obs :É por meio das reações catabólicas que os seres vivos obtêm a
matéria-prima e energia necessárias à vida.https://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.com
Introdução ao Metabolismo Energético
Reações endotérmicas
- Característica: Precisam receber energia
- Ex.:Fotossíntese e quimiossíntese
Reações exotérmicas
- Característica: Liberam energia
- Ex.:Respiração e fermentaçãohttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.com
Introdução ao Metabolismo Energético
• Processo anaeróbio de síntese de ATP que ocorre na ausência
de O2 (solos profundos e regiões com teor de O2 quase zero) e
que não envolve a cadeia respiratória.
• Seres Anaeróbios:
– ESTRITOS
– FACULTATIVAS
FERMENTAÇÃO
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Introdução ao Metabolismo Energético
–ESTRITOS: só realiza um dos processos anaeróbios
(fermentação ou respiração anaeróbia)
Ex.: Clostridium tetani
–FACULTATIVAS: realizam fermentação ou respiração aeróbia.
Ex.: Sacharomyces cerevisiae
• Procedimento: Glicose degradada em: ácido lático
(fermentação lática) e álcool etílico (fermentação alcoólica)
Fermentação
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Introdução ao Metabolismo Energético
• O piruvato é transformado em ácido lático.
• Realizada por bactérias, fungos protozoários e por algumas
células do tecido muscular humano.
• Exemplos:
– Cãibra: fermentação devido à insuficiência de O2
– Azedamento do leite.
– Produção de conservas.
Fermentação lática
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Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoFermentação lática
Glicólise
Glicose (6 C)
C6H12O6
ATP
ATP
Piruvato (3 C)
Piruvato (3 C)
NADH
NADH
Ácido
lático 3 C
NAD
Ácido
lático 3 C
NAD
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Introdução ao Metabolismo Energético
• O piruvato é transformado em álcool etílico.
• Realizada por bactérias e leveduras.
• Exemplos:
– Sacharomyces cerevisiae produção de bebidas alcoólicas
(vinho e cerveja)
– Levedo fabricação de pão.
Fermentação alcóolica
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Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoFermentação alcóolica
Glicólise
Glicose (6 C)
C6H12O6
ATP
ATP
Piruvato (3 C)
Piruvato (3 C)
NADH
NADH
CO2
CO2
Álcool
etílico 3 C
Álcool
etílico 3 C
NAD
NAD
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Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoFermentação acética
Glicólise
Glicose (6C)
C6H12O6
ATP
ATP
NADH
NADH
Ácido
acético
3 C
CO2
NAD NADH2
H2O
Ácido
acético
3 CCO2
NAD NADH2
H2O
Piruvato (3 C)
Piruvato (3 C)
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Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoTipos de fermentação
Glicose ácido lático + 2 ATP
Fermentação Lática
Glicose álcool etílico + CO2 + 2 ATP
Fermentação Alcoólica
Glicose ácido acético + CO2 + 2 ATP
Fermentação Acética
Glicose + O2 CO2 + H2O + 36 ou 38 ATP
Respiração
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Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoRENDIMENTO ENERGÉTICO
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Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoRENDIMENTO ENERGÉTICO
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Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoRELAÇÃO ENTRE RESPIRAÇÃO
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Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoRESUMINDO
Alcoólica
Lácticahttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.comhttps://www.qconcursos.com
Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoRESUMINDO
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Introdução ao Metabolismo EnergéticoRESUMINDO
METABOLISMO ENERGÉTICO
- Fotossíntese
- Respiração aeróbia
- Respiração Anaeróbia
- Ciclo de Krebs
- Fermentação
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