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Dilogos Revista Electrnica de HistoriaOn-line versionISSN
1409-469X
Dilogos rev. electr. hist vol.12 n.1 San Pedro Aug. 2011
Mujeres, trabajo y educacin A principios del siglo XX:
lasmaestras en la prensa catlica del sudoeste bonaerense
argentino
Luca Bracamontes
Doctora en Historia.!"iliar docente en el De#arta$ento de
H!$anidades de la %niversidadNacional del S!r &'a()a 'lanca*
rgentina+ Integrante del #ro,ecto !lt!ra #ol)tica ,re#resentaciones
en 'a()a 'lanca d!rante el siglo XX/* I2NIE3 &onseo Nacional
deInvestigaciones ient)5icas , 3cnicas+ Direccin #ostal7 8a!delino
r! 4:;cri=a.ed!.ar.3el5ono7 ?4 ;91 1?4;@9:
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ne"t7 t(e laicis$ in #!=lic ed!cation* t(e re$!nerated orF o5
o$en o!t o5 t(e (o!se andt(e secondar, ed!cation o5 o$en. In
#artic!lar* t(e o=ective o5 t(is article is to identi5,
t(earg!$ents t(e cat(olics !sed to eval!ate t(e teac(ing
#ro5ession. 3(e so!rces !sed are t(e#ress #!=lications t(at are
#rinted in 'a(ia 'lanca and are disse$inated in a ide area
o5in5l!ence t(at covers t(e so!t(est o5 t(e rovincia de '!enos
ires* t(e 5ederal territor, o58a a$#a and t(e nort( o5 atagonia*
d!ring t(e 5irst t(ree decades o5 t(e XX ent!r,.8ooFing at t(e
#ress disco!rse 5ro$ a genre #oint o5 vie* it ill =e s(on t(at
alt(o!g(t(ere is a laicis$ #rocess* t(e cat(olic 5or$!lations
contri=!te in t(e #ro5ile constr!ction o5t(e teac(ing #ro5ession as
a 5e$inine $ission it( roots in t(e $aternal nat!re. lso* even(en
t(ese ideas are not $eant to s!=vert t(e genre relations* t(e,
s!##ort so$e$!tations in t(e 5e$inine condition =eca!se in so$e
cases t(e, legiti$ate t(e access to(ig(er ed!cation* t(e orF and
t(e rig(t to associate.In t(e 5irst #lace* t(e #artic!lar sit!ation
o5 t(e teac(ing as a o= 5or o$en in t(eso!t(est o5 rovincia de
'!enos ires is reconstr!cted. In t(e second #lace* t(e #oint o5vie
a=o!t t(e teac(ing #ro5ession trans$itted =, t(e cat(olic #ress is
anal,ed.
Key words:Go$en* orF* ed!cation* teac(ers* #ress.
#rinci#ios del siglo XX* el tra=ao 5e$enino asalariado
constit!,e !no de los t#icosintegrantes de la deno$inada* de
ac!erdo con los cnones de la #oca* c!estin de la
$!er/. Se trata de !n as!nto de de=ate a nivel internacional*
A!e tiene s! correlato en largentina en el $arco de los ca$=ios
#rod!cidos en la condicin 5e$enina de la $ano de
la$oderniacin.;
Desde la #tica de los catlicos* A!e ad(ieren a la teor)a de la
divisin de las es5eras #C=licas, #rivadas de ac!erdo al se"o* el
tra=ao de las $!eres es algo antinat!ral , de=er)a sers!#ri$ido.
Sin e$=argo* si =ien la ine"istencia de la $!er tra=aadora
constit!ir)a a s!soos la sit!acin ideal* #!es s!stentan el $odelo
5e$enino de do$esticidad , $aternidad* no#!eden sosla,ar el (ec(o
de A!e $!c(as $!eres tra=aan. or lo tanto* o#tan #or ace#tardic(a
sit!acin* !sti5icndola general$ente en los casos de necesidad de
s!=sistencia.
