8
por Alan Wood HOUGHTON MIFFLIN Number of Words: 293 LESSON 21 TEACHER’S GUIDE Pingüinos by Alan Wood Fountas-Pinnell Level L Narrative Nonfiction Selection Summary There are 17 different kinds of penguins. Penguins come in different sizes, but they all have short legs, webbed feet, and flippers. Penguins can walk, slide, and swim, but they cannot fly. Most penguins live in cold places, but some live in warm places. Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32314-5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09 If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited. Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format. Characteristics of the Text Genre • Narrative nonfiction Text Structure • Table of contents • Four sections with headings • Each section a different category of information about penguins Content • Characteristics of penguins • Where penguins live Themes and Ideas • Where other birds have wings, penguins have flippers, which is one reason why they can swim, but not fly. • Penguins have special features to adapt to the places where they live. Language and Literary Features • Simple, clear language • Labels on photos aid understanding Sentence Complexity • A mix of short and more complex sentences • Multiple items in series: Ellos pueden incluso caminar, saltar y deslizarse, pero ellos no pueden volar. Vocabulary • Some content-specific words, most of which should be familiar: plumas, palmeadas, aletas Words • Words formed from base words: nadadores, pescados, preocuparse • Proper nouns that may be difficult to decode: Adelia, Antártida, Emperador, Australia, Galápagos, Penacho Amarillo Illustrations • Photos, many with labels, on most pages Book and Print Features • Easy-to-read section headings that indicate contents • Table of Contents • Map showing where penguins live • Chart of penguins © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

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  • por Alan Wood

    HOUGHTON MIFFLIN

    1035176

    2.5.1

    HOUGHTON MIFFLIN

    Libritos niveladosen línea

    Nivel: J

    EDL: 18

    Género: No fi cción narrativa

    Estrategia: Inferir/Predecir

    Destreza: Idea principal y detalles

    Número de palabras: 330

    2_026848_LR5_1BL_COVER_SPA_pingu1 1 4/14/08 11:41:47 AMNumber of Words: 293

    L E S S O N 2 1 T E A C H E R ’ S G U I D E

    Pingüinosby Alan Wood

    Fountas-Pinnell Level LNarrative NonfictionSelection SummaryThere are 17 different kinds of penguins. Penguins come in different sizes, but they all have short legs, webbed feet, and fl ippers. Penguins can walk, slide, and swim, but they cannot fl y. Most penguins live in cold places, but some live in warm places.

    Copyright © by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

    All rights reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying or recording, or by any information storage or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the copyright owner unless such copying is expressly permitted by federal copyright law. Permission is hereby granted to individual teachers using the corresponding (discipline) Leveled Readers to photocopy student worksheets from this publication in classroom quantities for instructional use and not for resale. Requests for information on other matters regarding duplication of this work should be addressed to Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company, Attn: Contracts, Copyrights, and Licensing, 9400 SouthPark Center Loop, Orlando, Florida 32819. Printed in the U.S.A. 978-0-547-32314-5 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0940 15 14 13 12 11 10 09

    If you have received these materials as examination copies free of charge, Houghton Miffl in Harcourt Publishing Company retains title to the materials and they may not be resold. Resale of examination copies is strictly prohibited.

    Possession of this publication in print format does not entitle users to convert this publication, or any portion of it, into electronic format.

    Characteristics of the Text Genre • Narrative nonfi ction

    Text Structure • Table of contents • Four sections with headings• Each section a different category of information about penguins

    Content • Characteristics of penguins• Where penguins live

    Themes and Ideas • Where other birds have wings, penguins have fl ippers, which is one reason why they can swim, but not fl y.

    • Penguins have special features to adapt to the places where they live.Language and

    Literary Features• Simple, clear language • Labels on photos aid understanding

    Sentence Complexity • A mix of short and more complex sentences• Multiple items in series: Ellos pueden incluso caminar, saltar y deslizarse, pero ellos no

    pueden volar.Vocabulary • Some content-specifi c words, most of which should be familiar: plumas, palmeadas, aletas

    Words • Words formed from base words: nadadores, pescados, preocuparse• Proper nouns that may be diffi cult to decode: Adelia, Antártida, Emperador, Australia,

    Galápagos, Penacho AmarilloIllustrations • Photos, many with labels, on most pages

    Book and Print Features • Easy-to-read section headings that indicate contents• Table of Contents• Map showing where penguins live• Chart of penguins

    © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

    2_323145_BL_LRTG_L21_Penguins_SPA.indd 1 1/22/10 4:44:23 AM

  • Target Vocabulary

    de lo contrario – que una situación será diferente si algo no sucede

    guiarse – controlar el movimiento de algo, o indicar un camino, p. 5

    impermeable – que el agua no puede atravesarlo, p. 5

    joven – persona o animal de menor edad que otros de un grupo, p. 7

    palmeado – que tiene una membrana que conecta los dedos de los pies o de las manos, p. 4

    por fi n – que sucede al fi nal, p. 10resbaladizo – liso, mojado o

    engrasadosilbido – un sonido agudo y fuerte

    que se hace al soplar aire

    Pingüinos by Alan WoodBuild BackgroundHelp children use their knowledge of penguins to visualize the book. Build interest by asking a question such as the following: ¿Alguna vez han visto pingüinos en un zoológico, acuario o en una película? ¿Qué saben acerca de los pingüinos? Read the title and author and talk about the cover illustration. Tell children that this book gives factual information about what penguins are like and where they live.

    Introduce the TextGuide children through the text, noting important ideas, and helping with unfamiliar language and vocabulary. Here are some suggestions:

    Page 2: Explain that this book is about different kinds of penguins. Have children turn to page 2. Remind them that a table of contents can give readers an idea of what information the book will contain.Suggested language: Lean el primer título bajo “Contenido”. ¿De qué se trata la primera sección del libro?

    Page 4: Direct attention to the photo, and remind children that labels on photos can help them understand what is shown. ¿Qué dice el rótulo de la foto? ¿Qué está haciendo el primer pingüino de la fi la? El libro dice que los pingüinos tienen patas palmeadas. Los buceadores usan aletas que son como patas palmeadas. ¿Cómo creen que tener patas palmeadas ayuda a los pingüinos a nadar?

    Page 5: Remind children that maps can add to information in the text. Miren el mapa de la página 5. ¿Cuáles son los continentes que tienen pingüinos?

    Page 7: Tell children that Emperor penguins are the largest penguin. Direct attention to the photo. ¿Por qué creen que los pingüinos están bien juntos? ¿Cómo ayudará esto a proteger a los pingüinos jóvenes?

    Page 10: Draw attention to the chart, and explain that charts present information in an easy-to-read form. ¿Qué información les da la parte derecha de esta tabla?

    Ahora, vuelvan al comienzo para descubrir cómo son los pingüinos del mundo.

    2Grade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

    Lesson 21: Pingüinos

    2_323145_BL_LRTG_L21_Penguins_SPA.indd 2 1/22/10 4:44:24 AM

  • ReadAs children read, observe them carefully. Guide them as needed, using language that supports their problem-solving ability.

    Remind children to use the Infer/Predict Strategy and to use text clues to fi gure out important ideas.

    Discuss and Revisit the TextPersonal ResponseInvite children to share their personal responses to the book. Suggested language: ¿Qué han aprendido sobre los pingüinos que no sabían antes? ¿Qué más les gustaría saber acerca de los pingüinos?

    Ways of ThinkingAs you discuss the text, help children understand these points:

    Thinking Within the Text Thinking Beyond the Text Thinking About the Text

    • Scientists have identifi ed 17 different kinds of penguins.

    • Penguins are different sizes, but all have short legs, webbed feet, and fl ippers.

    • Penguins are good swimmers and catch fi sh to eat.

    • People are fascinated with penguins because they are such unique birds.

    • When penguins move on land it looks like they are having fun.

    • Penguins’ webbed feet and waterproof feathers help them to survive.

    • The author includes lots of details about penguins.

    • Labels help readers understand what the photos show.

    • The map and chart give additional information about penguins.

    © 2006. Fountas, I.C. & Pinnell, G.S. Teaching for Comprehending and Fluency, Heinemann, Portsmouth, N.H.

    Choices for Further Support• Fluency Invite children to choose a passage from the text and demonstrate phrased

    fl uent reading. Remind them to use punctuation as clues to when to pause or add stress to exclamations.

    • Comprehension Based on your observations of the children’s reading and discussion, revisit parts of the text to clarify or extend comprehension. Remind children to go back to the text to support their ideas.

    • Phonics/Word Work Provide practice as needed with words and word parts, using examples from the text. Remind children that when an accented closed vowel and an open vowel are together in a word, they belong to separate syllables because they form a hiatus. For example, mayoría on page 6 is divided into four syllables (ma-yo-rí-a). Have students practice dividing words with hiatuses with frío on page 7 and sabía on page 10.

    3 Lesson 21: PingüinosGrade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

    2_323145_BL_LRTG_L21_Penguins_SPA.indd 3 1/22/10 4:44:24 AM

  • Writing about ReadingCritical ThinkingHave children complete the questions on Hoja reproducible 21.6.

    RespondingHave children complete the activities at the back of the book. Use the instruction below as needed to reinforce or extend understanding of the comprehension skill.

    Target Comprehension SkillMain Ideas and Details

    Target Comprehension Skill Remind children that they can tell important ideas

    and details about a topic. Model the skill, using a “Think Aloud” like the one below:

    Think Aloud

    Miren el diagrama de la página 11. Ya les dice cuál es la idea principal del libro: “Los pingüinos viven en todo el mundo”. El primer detalle es: “Algunos pingüinos viven en la Antártida”. Ahora tienen que escribir un segundo detalle que diga dónde viven los pingüinos. El mapa de la página 5 muestra dónde viven los pingüinos. Esa es una buena fuente para buscar detalles.

    Practice the SkillHave children use the chart on page 10 to write two more details that support the main idea.

    Writing Prompt: Thinking About the TextHave children write a response to the prompt on page 6. Remind them that when they think about the text, they use what they refl ect back on it. They notice what the author did, and why it is special or unusual.

    Assessment Prompts• What does the word guiarse mean in this sentence: Ellos utilizan sus patas para

    guiarse a través del agua?

    • Complete this sentence in your own words: This author seems to like penguins because .

    4 Lesson 21: PingüinosGrade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

    2_323145_BL_LRTG_L21_Penguins_SPA.indd 4 1/22/10 4:44:25 AM

  • Lea las instrucciones a los niños.

    PiénsaloLee y contesta las preguntas.

    1. ¿Cómo se mantienen secos los pingüinos?

    Tienen plumas especiales que los mantienen secos.

    2. ¿En qué son diferentes los pingüinos a otras aves?

    Respuesta posible: Los pingüinos no vuelan.

    3. Mira la página 2. ¿Qué te muestra la tabla de

    contenidos?

    Respuesta posible: Te muestra qué puedes leer en cada página.

    Hacer conexiones Compara los pingüinos con otro animal.

    ¿En qué se parecen? ¿En qué se diferencian?

    Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura.

    8

    Nombre Fecha

    Lección 21H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 2 1 . 6

    PingüinosPiénsalo

    Piénsalo© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. All rights reserved.

    Grado 2, Unidad 5: ¡Cambios en todas partes!

    2_352893RTXSAN_U05_LR_CT.indd 8 8/13/09 8:19:27 AM

    11

    ResponderDESTREZA CLAVE Idea principal

    y detalles ¿Cuál es la idea principal de este

    libro? Copia el diagrama. Escribe un detalle

    acerca de la idea principal.

    Idea principal Los pingüinos viven en todo el mundo.

    Detalle Algunos pingüinos viven en la Antártida.

    Detalle ¿ ?

    El texto y tú Algunos pingüinos viven en

    zoológicos. El cuidador del zoológico debe

    asegurarse de que los pingüinos estén

    cómodos. Elige un pingüino de este libro.

    Escribe un párrafo que explique cómo un

    cuidador del zoológico debería montar su

    nueva casa.

    ¡A escribir!

    2_048574_LR5_1BL_PINGUI_L21.indd11 11 11/19/09 9:50:09 PM

    5Grade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

    Lesson 21: Pingüinos

    2_323145_BL_LRTG_L21_Penguins_SPA.indd 5 1/22/10 4:44:26 AM

  • Nombre Fecha

    PingüinosPensar en el texto

    Piensa en las siguientes preguntas. Después, escribe tu respuesta en uno o dos párrafos.

    El autor explica que los pingüinos son grandes nadadores. ¿Qué los hace grandes nadadores? ¿De qué modo está diseñado su cuerpo para nadar? ¿Da el autor suficientes ejemplos para demostrar que los pingüinos son grandes nadadores? Da detalles del libro para fundamentar tus ideas.

    6 Lesson 21: PingüinosGrade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

    2_323145_BL_LRTG_L21_Penguins_SPA.indd 6 1/22/10 4:44:29 AM

  • PiénsaloLee y contesta las preguntas.

    1. ¿Cómo se mantienen secos los pingüinos?

    2. ¿En qué son diferentes los pingüinos a otras aves?

    3. Mira la página 2. ¿Qué te muestra la tabla de

    contenidos?

    Hacer conexiones Compara los pingüinos con otro animal.

    ¿En qué se parecen? ¿En qué se diferencian?

    Escribe tu respuesta en tu Cuaderno de lectura.

    7 Lesson 21: PingüinosGrade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

    Nombre Fecha Lección 21

    H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 2 1 . 6

    PingüinosPiénsalo

    2_323145_BL_LRTG_L21_Penguins_SPA.indd 7 1/22/10 4:44:29 AM

  • ISB

    N-13

    : 978-0

    -547-32314

    -5

    ISB

    N-10

    : 0

    -547-32314

    -X

    97

    80

    54

    73

    23

    14

    5

    90

    00

    0

    1416

    166

    Estudiante Fecha Lección 21

    H O J A R E P R O D U C I B L E 2 1 . 9

    Pingüinos NIVEL L

    Pingüinos Registro de lectura

    Behavior Code Error

    Read word correctly ✓lobo 0

    Repeated word, sentence, or phrase

    ®lobo

    0

    Omission lobo 1

    Behavior Code Error

    Substitution lodolobo 1

    Self-corrects lodo sclobo 0

    Insertion el

    lobo1

    Word told Tlobo 1

    page Selection Text Errors Self-Corrections

    3

    4

    Muchos pingüinos viven en todo

    el mundo.

    Algunos pingüinos son grandes,

    y otros son pequeños.

    Algunos tienen largas plumas en su

    cabeza, y otros no.

    Todos los pingüinos tienen las

    patas cortas.

    Ellos tienen patas palmeadas, también.

    Ellos no tienen alas, pero tienen

    largas aletas.

    Todos los pingüinos pueden cantar.

    Ellos pueden incluso caminar, saltar y

    deslizarse, pero ellos no pueden volar.

    Comments: Accuracy Rate (# words read

    correctly/62 × 100)

    %

    TotalSelf-Corrections

    8 Lesson 21: PingüinosGrade 2© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company

    2_323145_BL_LRTG_L21_Penguins_SPA.indd 8 1/22/10 4:44:30 AM

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