Projeto confweb@proinfo: Conferência Web para o Proinfo Integrado

7/23/2019 Projeto confweb@proinfo: Conferncia Web para o Proinfo Integrado

1/109

Yrhae{h ghcdpeoIyrhbcdh1Ghcdercgbf Peo yfrf h

Yrhbcdh Bc{e`rfkh


2/109

Ewghnf Wuyerbhr ke _ekew _CY

Ghyrb`j{ ?992. Ewghnf Wuyerbhr ke _ekew _CY

Fu{hrew

Fnfhr Frrukf Dnhrcgbh

Hkbnhc Orfq Dfrbf Ce{h

Wuyertbwh {gcbgf

@rfgbenf L# N# Lfr{bcw

Ghhrkecfh fgfklbgf

Kernbcf Y# L# Lbrfckf

_etbwh dcfn

Yekrh Wfc`brfrkb

Kewb`c[egchkewb`c

Ghhrkecfh `erfn

Nubq Ghenjh

Terwh

6#9#9

[hkhw hw kbreb{hw rewertfkhw. ch Orfwbn. yhr


j{{y1((ppp#ewr#rcy#or


3/109

F Ewghnf Wuyerbhr ke _ekew kf _eke Cfgbhcfn ke Ecwbch e Yewvubwf *_CY" hderege

gurwhw el {egchnh`bf kf bcdhrlfh e kf ghlucbgfh yfrf vuel ouwgf dhrlfh

ewwecgbfnlec{e yr{bgf# Fw f{btbkfkew wh wb{ufew,yrhonelf welenjfc{ew w vue

wh ecghc{rfkfw cf yr{bgf kh yrhdbwwbhcfn ke [B# Ew{fw f{btbkfkew ezbèl fcnbwe.

wc{ewe e ghcw{ruh ke jby{ewew yfrf f wuyerfh kh yrhonelf# F fyreckbqfèl

{hrcf,we lfbw ede{btf we ghc{ez{ufnbqfkf refnbkfke yrhdbwwbhcfn#

H gurwh yrhyhw{h yhwwub 64 *keqewwebw" jhrfw ke kurfh kbtbkbkfw el ; *vuf{rh"

wewwew ke fyreckbqfèl# Hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew {rfofnjfl el `ruyh hu el kuynfw e

gfkf ul yhke kbwyhr ke wuf yryrbf ew{fh ke {rfofnjh# H lf{erbfn ke ecwbch

ghlyhw{h ke fyhw{bnfw ghc{eckh wnbkew ghlec{fkhw e rh{ebrh ke f{btbkfkew yr{bgfw

el nfohrf{rbh#

Ghcjegblec{hw yrtbhw

Uwh khw fynbgf{bthw kf Bc{erce{1 ghrrebh ene{rcbgh e peo=

Uwh ke wbw{elfw LW Pbckhpw hu Nbcuz=

Uwh ke LW Hddbge hu HyecHddbge#

Hoae{bthw

Dhrlfh ke bcw{ru{hrew yfrf h gurwh Ghcdercgbf peo yfrf h Yrh`rflf

Cfgbhcfn ke Bcdhrl{bgf cf Ekugfh *Yrhbcdh Bc{e`rfkh"

Dhrlfh ke fklbcbw{rfkhrew kfw wfnfw tbr{ufbw kh wertbh ke

ghcdercgbf peo kf _CY

Ghlynelec{fh kf ew{ru{urf ke wuyhr{e *wertbge kewm"1

C[E1 Cgneh ke [egchnh`bf Ekugfgbhcfn

C[L1 Cgneh ke [egchnh`bf Lucbgbyfn

F{ecker hw uwurbhw nhgfbw e fw wegre{rbfw ke ekugfh#

Yrhae{h ghcdpeoIyrhbcdh1Ghcdercgbf Peo yfrf hYrhbcdh Bc{e`rfkh

Fyrewec{fh


4/109


Fh dbcfn kh gurwh h fnuch {er fyreckbkh

_efnbqfr ulf fyrewec{fh uwfckh h wertbh ke ghcercgbf peo kf _CY

Uwfr h wertbh ke ghcercgbf peo yfrf1

@ew{h ke yrh`rflfw kf WEEK *Wegre{frbf ke Ecwbch f Kbw{cgbf khLbcbw{rbh kf Ekugfh , LEG"

Hrbec{fh e fyrewec{fh ke [GGw *[rfofnjhw ke Ghcgnuwh ke Gurwh"

Kelfbw few yrbhrb{rbfw kh Yrhbch Bc{e`rfkh

_efnbqfr h gurwh ke wertbh ke ghcercgbf peo yfrf h Yrhbch

_ewhnter yrhonelfw ke 6# cten khw uwurbhw e ewgfnfr yfrf h wertbge kewm


5/109

Wulrbh

Wewwh ke fyreckbqfèl 6Bc{rhkuh ghcercgbf peo # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #0

Wewwh ke fyreckbqfèl ?@erecgbfckh ulf wfnf ke reucbew# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #;6

Wewwh ke fyreckbqfèl 7Yhkw ftfcfkhw e evubyflec{hw fkbgbhcfbw # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #42

Wewwh ke fyreckbqfèl ;Ynfch ghc{bcufkh ke gfyfgb{fh# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #20


6/109



7/109

6

Wewwh ke fyreckbqf`el 6Bc{rhkuh ghcdercgbf peo

Wulrbh kf wewwh

_eke Cfgbhcfn ke Ecwbch e Yewvubwf *_CY" # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #2

Yrhbch Bc{e`rfkh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #2

EfK ch Yrhbch # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #69

Ghhyerfh _CY,Yrhbch # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #69

Ghcercgbf Peo# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # 66

Uwh kf Ghcercgbf Peo ch Yrhbch # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #67Wertbh ke Ghcercgbf Peo cf _CY # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #6;

Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #64

Lbgrhhcew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #60

Peogfl# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #6:

Uwurbhw kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{ # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #6:

Yrblebrh ghc{f{h ghl h Fkhoe Ghcceg{ # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #?9

[ew{e ke ghcezh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #?9Fc{ew ke ec{rfr# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #?6

Ghlh ec{rfr# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #?6

Bcw{fnfh kh Fkhoe Dnfwj Ynfer# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #??

[enf kh yfr{bgbyfc{e # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #?7

Lecu _eucbh1 Fwwbw{ec{e ke ghcb`urfh ke ukbh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #?;

Lecu _eucbh1 Wenegbhcfr glerf # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #?:

Lecu _eucbh1 Lbcjf tenhgbkfke ke ghcezh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #?2Tbwh kh yerbn ke yfr{bgbyfc{e kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{ # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #76


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:

Yrhae{h ghcpeoIyrhbch1 Ghcercgbf Peo yfrf h Yrhbch Bc{e`rfkh Wewwh ke fyreckbqf`el 6


Yhk Nbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #76

W{f{uw kh yfr{bgbyfc{e# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #76

Netfc{fr f lh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #77

Yhk Of{e,yfyh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #7;

Yhk Ch{fw # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #7;

Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #75

Faukf kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #75

_h{ebrh ke f{btbkfkew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #70

F{btbkfke 6 Ec{rfckh cf wfnf e ghcb`urfckh glerf e ukbh # # # # # # # # # # # # #7:

F{btbkfke ? Kelhcw{rfh kfw ucgbhcfnbkfkew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #72F{btbkfke 7 U{bnbqfckh ucgbhcfnbkfkew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #72

F{btbkfke ; U{bnbqfckh h fwwbw{ec{e ke ukbh# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #72


9/109

2

Bc{rhkuh ghcercgbf peo

_eke Cfgbhcfn ke Ecwbch e Yewvubwf *_CY"

F _eke Cfgbhcfn ke Ecwbch e Yewvubwf *_CY" rewyhcwten yenf bc{rhkuh kf bc{erce{ ch Orfwbn#

Hyerfckh f reke fgfklbgf cfgbhcfn. wuf lbwwh yrhlhter h uwh bchtfkhr ke rekew ftfcfkfw chyfw# Lfc{bkf yenhw lbcbw{rbhw kf Gbcgbf e[egchnh`bf e kf Ekugfh. f{uf ch kewecthntblec{he cf yrew{fh ke wertbhw el {rw refw1

Bcrfew{ru{urf ke rekew ke fn{h kewelyecjh=

Fynbgfew ftfcfkfw=

Dhrlfh ke regurwhw julfchw el rekew#

Yrhbcdh Bc{e`rfkh

H Yrhbch yrht fw weùbc{e few1

B Uwh yekf``bgh kfw {egchnh`bfw ke bchrlfh eghlucbgfh cfw ewghnfw ke ekugfh owbgf kfwrekew yonbgfw ke ecwbch urofcfw e rurfbw=

BB Dhlec{h kf lenjhrbf kh yrhgewwh ke ecwbch e

fyreckbqfèl ghl h uwh kfw {egchnh`bfw kebchrlfh e ghlucbgfh=

BBB Gfyfgb{fh khw fèc{ew ekugfgbhcfbwecthntbkhw cfw few kh Yrh`rflf=

BT Bcgnuwh kb`b{fn yhr lebh kf flynbfh kh fgewwh f ghlyu{fkhrew. kfghcezh reke luckbfn ke ghlyu{fkhrew e ke hu{rfw {egchnh`bfw kb`b{fbw.oecebgbfckh f ghlucbkfke ewghnfr e f yhyunfh yrzblf w ewghnfw=

T Yreyfrfh khw ahtecw e fkun{hw yfrf h lergfkh ke {rfofnjh yhr lebh kh uwhkfw {egchnh`bfw ke bchrlfh e ghlucbgfh= e

TB Dhlec{h kf yrhkuh cfgbhcfn ke ghc{ekhw kb`b{fbw ekugfgbhcfbw#

_eke Cfgbhcfn ke Ecwbch e Yewvubwf

*_CY"

F _eke Cfgbhcfn ke Ecwbch e Yewvubwf *_CY" ulf

hr`fcbqfh whgb fn ghc{elynfkf yenh Yrh`rflf

Bc{erlbcbw{erbfn LEG(LG[ grbfkh el 6222#

Hoae{bthw1

Lenjhrfr f bcdrfew{ru{urf ke rekew el ctebw cfgbhcfn.

le{rhyhnb{fch e nhgfn *rekew ke gflyuw"=

F{ecker. ghl fynbgfew e wertbhw bchtfkhrew. w kelfckfw

ke ghlucbkfkew ewyegdbgfw *ekugfh f kbw{cgbf.

{enelekbgbcf. obhkbterwbkfke. fw{rhchlbf e{g#"=

Yrhlhter f gfyfgb{fh ke regurwhw julfchw el

{egchnh`bfw kf bcdhrlfh e ghluc bgfh#

Yrhbcdh Bc{e rfkh

H Yrh`rflf Cfgbhcfn ke Bcdhrl{bgf cf Ekugfh dhb

grbfkh yenf Yhr{frbf clerh 5??. ke 2 ke forbn ke 6220. e

dhb redhrlunfkh yhw{erbhrlec{e yenh Kegre{h ch# 4#799.

ke 6? ke keqelorh ke ?990#

Weu hoae{bth lfgrh yrhlhter h uwh yekf``bgh kfw

{egchnh`bfw ke bcdhrlfh e ghlucbgfh cfw rekew

yonbgfw ke ekugfh owbgf#


10/109

69



EfK ch Yrhbcdh

H ecwbch f kbw{cgbf yerlb{e f1

Kbw{rboubh ke ghc{ekh e ghcjegblec{h el nfr`f ewgfnf=

U{bnbqfh ke kbterwfw errflec{fw ke wuyhr{eyekf``bgh ghlh {ez{hw. blfècw e tkehw=

U{bnbqfh kf bc{erce{ yfrf kbuwh kebchrlfew=

Ghlucbgfh kbfn`bgf *ec{re`f ke eekofgm fhwfnuchw"=

_ekuh ke guw{hw ghl {rfcwyhr{e ke yewwhfw e

kbw{rboubh ke lf{erbfn#

Ezbw{el khbw lhkhw ke ghlucbgfh ch ecwbch f kbw{cgbf1

Fwwcgrhch Yrhewwhr e fnuchw ch ew{h el funf fh lewlh {elyh# Hlf{erbfn cegewwrbh kbwyhcbobnbqfkh yenh yrhewwhr e hw fnuchw ghne{fl fvufnvuer lhlec{h#

Ezelynhw ke errflec{fw1 e,lfbn e rucw#

Wcgrhch Yrhewwhr e fnuch ew{h el funf fh lewlh {elyh. jfteckhbc{erfh blekbf{f ec{re enew#

Ezelynhw ke errflec{fw1 {enehce. gjf{. tbkehghcercgbf. lhhkne. ghcercgbf peo#

Ghhyerfh _CY,Yrhbcdh

Ewwfw kufw yewwhfw rewyhcwtebw bckbgfkfw yenfghhrkecfh kh Yrhbch werh fw fklbcbw{rfkhrfw kfwfnf tbr{ufn. ghc{rhnfckh f fèckf ke u{bnbqfh kflewlf yenf wegre{rbf e wuyhr{fckh el ul yrblebrh

cten hw uwurbhw kf wfnf tbr{ufn#

EfK ch Yrhbcdh

H ecwbch f kbw{cgbf yerlb{e f1

Kbw{rboubh flynf ke ghcjegblec{h=

U{bnbqfh ke {ez{hw. blfècw e tkehw=

U{bnbqfh kf bc{erce{=

Ec{re`f ke deekofgm fhw fnuchw=

_ekuh ke guw{hw#

Ezbw{el khbw lhkhw ke ghlucbgfh ch ecwbch f

kbw{cgbf1

Fwwcgrhch

Wcgrhch


Jbw{rbgh

El ?990 f _CY e f WEEK bcbgbfrfl ulf ghhyerfh.weckh ulf kfw few f kbwwelbcfh e uwh keghcdercgbf peo yfrf f Ghlucbkfke UFO#

Dhrfl refnbqfkfw 7 {urlfw ybnh{h ke {rebcflec{h yfrf fw BEW

u{bnb qfckh f whnuh ke ghcdercgbf peo#

El ?99: f UFO dhb gfyfgb{fkf yfrf uwfr f ghcdercgbfpeo f{rftw ke wfnfw tbr{ufbw kbwyhctebw yfrf fyhbfrwufw few ke EfK#

El ?992 h Yrhbcdh ew{ weckh gfyfgb{fkh yfrf uwfr fghcdercgbf peo#


11/109

66

Bc{rhkuh ghcdercgbf peo

Ghcdercgbf Peo

Kh bc`nw peo ghcderecgbc`. h f{h ke ghckuqbr

fyrewec{few hu ecghc{rhw relh{flec{e f{rftw kf

bc{erce{# Fc{b`flec{e. hw {erlhw peo ghcderecgbcè

ghlyu{er ghcderecgbcèrfl drevuec{elec{e u{bnbqfkhw

yfrf rederecgbfr kbwguwwew refnbqfkfw f{rftw ke ul

yfbcen ke lecwfècw. vufwe welyre ke dhrlf

fwwcgrhcf# Jhae. hw {erlhw dfqel redercgbf f

wbw{elfw vue yerlb{el f ghlucbgfh el {elyh refn.

ecvufc{h fw lecwfècw yhw{fkfw regeoel h chle ke

drul ke kbwguwwh. ec{re hu{rhw#

Kbderecfw ec{re Tbkehghcdercgbf e Ghcdercgbf peo

Cf ghcdercgbf peo. gfkf yfr{bgbyfc{e yerlfcege el weu yryrbh ghlyu{fkhr. e

f ghcezh ghl hu{rhw uwurbhw deb{f f{rftw ke ul wbw{elf gec{rfn *ulf

fynbgfh". vue yhke wer {fc{h bcw{fnfkf cf elyrewf ghlh fnu`fkf ke ghlyfcjbfw

vue yrhteel h wertbh ke fnuùen ke wfnfw tbr{ufbw#

Ew{ew wbw{elfw yhkel wer fynbgf{bthw bcw{fnfkhw ch ghlyu{fkhr kh gnbec{e hufynbgfew peo. hcke h uwurbh fgewwf ulf U_N e we ghceg{f fh wbw{elf# Ew{fw

fynbgfew peo chrlfnlec{e wh kewecthntbkfw ghl {egchnh`bf Dnfwj hu Aftf#


H ynfch ke kbwwelbcfh kh wertbh ke ghcdercgbf peoyfrf h Yrhbcdh Bc{e`rfkh yret vue1

Gfkf Wegre{frbf ke Ekugfh {er ulf wfnf tbr{ufn

Fw ghhrkecfew kh Yrhbcdh chw ew{fkhw e lucbgybhwbckbgfrh kufw yewwhfw yfrf werel hw rewyhcwtebwyenfw rewyeg{btfw wfnfw tbr{ufbw#

[hkfw fw whnbgb{ few yfrf grbfh ke chtfw wfnfw ketelwer ecgflbcjfkfw yfrf peoghcderecgeXweekIleg#`ht#or

Ghcdercgbf Peo

F ghcdercgbf peo ulf derrflec{f ke ghlucbgfh e

ghnfohrfh wcgrhcf e fwwcgrhcf vue yhke wer uwfkf ghlhul regurwh fkbgbhcfn yfrf f ekugfh f kbw{cgbf#

Yrhlhte ecghc{rhw tbr{ufbw ec{re khbw hu lfbw yfr{bgbyfc{ew

el nhgfbw kbderec{ew. kbw{fc{ew èh`rfdbgflec{e. yhkeckhu{bnbqfr kbterwhw regurwhw1

[ez{h. blfècw. ukbh. tkeh. ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke frvubthw e

{enf ke ghlyu{fkhr. vufkrh orfcgh e{g#

Ezbw{el kbterwfw whnuew ch lergfkh1

Ezelynhw1 Peoez. Nbtelee{bc`. Fkhoe Ghcceg{. Gnfwwe T

*whd{pfre nbtre". ec{re hu{rhw#


12/109

6?



Yhr vue u{bnbqfr ghcercgbf peo8

Eghchlbf ke {elyh e guw{hw el tbfècw U{bnbqfckh wbw{elfw ke ghcercgbf yenf bc{erce{

yhwwten reucbr,we el {elyh refn ghl yewwhfwnhgfnbqfkfw el vufnvuer yfr{e kh luckh.ghlyfr{bnjfckh ghc{ekh. enfohrfckh khgulec{hwel ghcauc{h. ec{re trbfw hu{rfw tfc{fècw# Bw{hblynbgfr kbre{flec{e cf hrlf ghlh wuf bcw{b{ubhelyre`f h {elyh e h kbcjebrh cfw tbfècw#

F`bnbqfh ke ghc{f{h Ulf teq vue fw reucbewghl gnbec{ew e yfrgebrhw ch keyeckel lfbw khkewnhgflec{h e ke guw{hw enetfkhw. enfw yhkel wer

lfbw revuec{ew# Bcw{b{ubew yhkel {er lfbw peolee{bc`w kh vue reucbew

yrewecgbfbw# Vufc{h lfbw ghlucbgfh. lfbw ghc{f{h# F ghcercgbf peoyerlb{e fbckf ulf lfbhr bc{erfh. yhbw yhwwub kbterwfw errflec{fwbc{e`rfkfw#

Bc{erfh Fh ghc{rrbh kf tbkehghcercgbf. cul wbw{elf ke ghcercgbf peoezbw{e f yhwwbobnbkfke ke ulf lfbhr e lenjhr u{bnbqfh ke regurwhw. ghlhghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke fyrewec{few. {enf ke ghlyu{fkhrew e vufkrhw orfcghw#

@rftfh e frlfqecflec{h Wh{pfrew ke ghcercgbf peo. ghlh h FkhoeGhcceg{. yhwwuel f ucgbhcfnbkfke ke `rftfh e frlfqecflec{h kfghcercgbf yfrf ulf yhw{erbhr tbwufnbqfh#

Dfgbnbkfke ke uwh Ghlh f lfbhrbf kfw fynbgfew ke ghcercgbf peo ch cegewwb{f ke ul wh{pfre,gnbec{e ewyegbgh bcw{fnfkh cf lvubcf. grbf,we ulf`rfcke fgbnbkfke ke uwh. weckh cegewwrbf fyecfw ulf ghcezh ghl fbc{erce{ e ul wh{pfre cfte`fkhr#

F ghcercgbf peo kbwyecwf. el trbhw gfwhw. fbcw{fnfh ke wh{pfre gnbec{e. ulf teq vue u{bnbqf hcfte`fkhr kf bc{erce{# Ec{re{fc{h. ul ynu`bc yhkewer cegewwrbh# [flol kbwyecwf evubyflec{hwewyegbghw# F ghlucbgfh yhke wer eb{f ghl

jefkwe{ e peogfl ghlul#

F lfbhrbf khw gfwhw kbwyecwf ghcbùrfh kebrepfnn el gnbec{ew *uwh ke yhr{fw ghlucw. yhrezelynh :9 e ;;7"# El fnùcw gfwhw cegewwrbf fnboerfh kf yhr{f 6275 *[GY" ch brepfnn yfrffgewwh ob,kbregbhcfn#

H {elyh ke fyreckbqfkh yfrf wuf u{bnbqfh uwufnlec{e gur{h e revuer ofbzhghcwulh ke ofckf. el ghlyfrfh ghl f tbkehghcercgbf#

Ghcdercgbf Peo

H wertbh ke ghcdercgbf peo yhwwbobnb{f ghnfohrfh

tbf bc{erce{ yfrf1

Funfw=

Wewwew ke {u{hrbf=

Yfnew{rfw=

_eucbew ke gfr{er fklbcbw{rf{bth=

[rebcflec{h f kbw{cgbf cf u{bnbqfh khw regurwhw

kbk{bghw e yekf``bghw elyre`fkhw chw gurwhw=

Wuyhr{e relh{h fh ducgbhcflec{h kf bcdrfew{ru{urf ke

rekew e kfw fynbgfew ke ghlucbgfh e ghnfohrfhu{bnbqfkfw chw gurwhw#

Ghcdercgbf Peo

Fnùlfw tfc{fècw kf ghcdercgbf peo1

Kbwyecwf bcw{fnfh ke whd{pfre gnbec{e=

Yhwwub regurwhw lun{blkbf. ghlh uynhfk ke fyrewec{few.

tkehw e khgulec{hw=Kbwyecwf evubyflec{hw ewyegdbghw. e yhke wer deb{f ghlulf peogfl ghlul=

Yhwwbobnb{f f `rftfh ke reucbew=

Yhwwub vufkrh orfcgh yfrf fch{few e kewecjhw=

Yerlb{e gjf{=

F lfbhrbf khw gfwhw kbwyecwf ghcdbùrfh ke dbrepfnn el

gnbec{ew#


13/109

67


Bcdhrlfew fkbgbhcfbw

^ Jefkwe{ ul ghcauc{h ke hce ke hutbkh ghl ghc{rhne ke thnule e lbgrhhcefghynfkh yfrf uwh el lbgrhghlyu{fkhrew lun{blkbf e {flol el f{btbkfkew

ke {enelfrme{bc`# Fn{ercf{btf bkefn yfrf f{eckblec{h {enecbgh ghcw{fc{e. kebzffw lhw kh hyerfkhr nbtrew yfrf hu{rfw {frefw# Yfrf hw lhkenhw ke jefkwe{wel bh. f lhtblec{fh yhke wer ke f{ fn ucw le{rhw ke kbw{cgbf kf lewfke {rfofnjh# _ewun{fl èrfnlec{e el lfbhr yrhku{btbkfke e yrewertfh kfwghckbew wbgfw khw hyerfkhrew vue u{bnbqfl lub{h h {enehce#

^ Ynu`bc ul yrh`rflf ke ghlyu{fkhr èrfnlec{e yevuech e nete vuewerte yfrf fkbgbhcfr ucew f hu{rhw yrh`rflfw lfbhrew. yrhteckhfnùlf ucgbhcfnbkfke ewyegbfn hu lub{h ewyegbgf#

^ Uynhfk f {rfcwercgbf ke kfkhw ke ul ghlyu{fkhr nhgfn yfrf ulwertbkhr# Gfwh flohw ew{eafl el reke. yhke,we uwfr ul wertbkhr ke D[Y.

J[[Y hu vufnvuer hu{rh yrh{hghnh vue yerlb{f f {rfcwercgbf#

Dhc{e1 Pbmbyekbf

Uwh kf Ghcdercgbf Peo ch Yrhbcdh

_eucbew ke {rfofnjh _eucbew yfrf reyfwwe ke bchrlfew e fnbcjflec{h ke few. ghlhfger{h ke grhch`rflf e hrbec{few yfrf hfckflec{h kh gurwh. ec{re hu{rhw#

Fyrewec{few ke [GG Hw fnuchw relh{hwfyrewec{fl weuw {rfofnjhw ke ghcgnuwh kegurwh fh hrbec{fkhr e ftfnbfkhrew cf Bcw{b{ubhke Ecwbch Wuyerbhr *BEW"#

Wewwew [brf,Ktbkfw Ewyfh ke bc{erfh yfrfewgnfreger ktbkfw khw fnuchw#

Funfw Wewwew tbr{ufbw reucbckh {u{hrew relh{hw hu yrhewwhrew ghl hwfnuchw ch ynh. f{rftw ke regurwhw ke ghcercgbf peo#

Ghcdercgbf Peo

_egurwhw chrlfnlec{e kbwyhctebw1

Gjf{ yrbtfkh=

Ghlucbgfh ghl ukbh=

Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke tkeh=

Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h kf {enf kh ghlyu{fkhr. kefyrewec{few. khgulec{hw. tkehw e{g#

Uynhfk e khpcnhfk ke frvubthw=

Vufkrh orfcgh yfrf fch{few e kewecjhw=

Onhgh ke ch{fw=

@rftfh kfw reucbew#

Uwh kf Ghcdercgbf Peo ch Yrhbcdh

_eucbew ke {rfofnjh

Fyrewec{few ke [GG

Wewwew [brf,Ktbkfw

Funfw


14/109

6;



Wertbh ke Ghcdercgbf Peo cf _CY

F _CY kbwyhcbobnbqf ul wertbh ke ghcercgbf peoofwefkh cf whnuh Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh kewke ?994

yfrf h yonbgh bc{erch kf _CY e ghlucbkfkewewyegbgfw. {fbw ghlh {enelekbgbcf e le{erehnh`bf#Wfnfw tbr{ufbw wh kbwyhcbobnbqfkfw yfrf f refnbqfhke ghcercgbfw. reucbew. welbcrbhw e yfnew{rfw#

Ch lhlec{h. fw wfnfw her{fkfw yfrf h Yrhbchwerh wfnfw yerlfcec{ew#

Ucbhrl _ewhurge Nhgf{hr *U_N". hu NhgfnbqfkhrUcbhrle ke _egurwhw. h eckereh ke ul regurwh

*frvubth. blyrewwhrf e{g"#

Bcbgbfnlec{e. fw Wegre{frbfw ke Ekugfh e hw C[E(C[Lw ew{h kbwyecwfkhw ke uwfr f errflec{f kefèckflec{h# Vufckh hr cegewwrbh h weu uwh. hwfklbcbw{rfkhrew kfw wfnfw tbr{ufbw werh ch{bbgfkhw#

F fèckf yrenblbcfr ke uwh kf wfnf {el h hoae{bth kefgbnb{fr f èrcgbf kf fnhgfh kfw wfnfw yenh weufklbcbw{rfkhr cf BEW hu Ynh. vue yhke wer lfbw keul e yerlb{br h lhcb{hrflec{h kh uwh khw regurwhw

yenf èrcgbf kh wertbh#

Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh

Fgewwh bcw{fc{ceh Ch wh cegewwrbhwkhpcnhfkw yfrf yfr{bgbyfh cfw reucbew#

Lun{bynf{fhrlf Cegewwb{f ke ul orhpwer e khFkhoe Dnfwj Ynfer bcw{fnfkh#

Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh Werter

Bc{e`rf fw ghlucbgfew el {elyh refn e whokelfckf#

Dhrcege fklbcbw{rfh ke uwurbhw. ghc{rhne.èrfh ke renf{rbhw e èrecgbflec{h keghc{ekh bc{e`rfkh yfrf {hkhw hw fynbgf{bthw khFgrhof{ Ghcceg{ Yrh#

Herege fn{f ewgfnfobnbkfke e wuyhr{e f lbnjfrew ke uwurbhw wblun{cehw#

Wuyhr{f ul cbgh wertbkhr hu flobec{ew f`ruyfkhw#

Yerlb{e blynfc{fh rekuckfc{e#


[byhw ke wfnf

Wfnfw tbr{ufbw who kelfckf1Wfnfw tbr{ufbw grbfkfw f yfr{br ke kelfckfw khw uwurbhw.ghl eckerehw ke fgewwh *U_N" fnef{rbhw e relhtbkhw fywh uwh#

Wfnfw tbr{ufbw yerlfcec{ew1Wfnfw tbr{ufbw yerlfcec{ew ch wbw{elf f{ f kf{f yretbw{fyfrf wuf relhh#

Yhwwuel eckereh ke fgewwh *U_N" kedbcbkh yenh uwurbh. kefghrkh ghl f kbwyhcbobnbkfke ch wbw{elf#


Y`bcf kh wertbh ch wb{e kf _CY1

j{{y1((ppp#rcy#or(ghcderecgbfpeo

Cf y bcf kh wertbh ch wb{e kf _CY ew{h kbwyhctebw

e ketel wer ghcwbkerfkhw1

F yhn{bgf ke uwh kh wertbh=

H wbw{elf ke fèckflec{h ke wfnfw tbr{ufbw=

H ubf kh uwurbh#

Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh

Derrflec{f ke ghcdercgbf peo ke lun{byrhywb {h#

Fgewwh bcw{fc{ceh. yhbw u{b nbqf h Fkhoe Dnfwj Ynfer.vue ew{ bcw{fnfkh el 22% khw ghlyu{fkhrewghceg{fkhw bc{erce{#

Lun{bynf{fdhrlf

Pbckhpw

Nbcuz

Lfgbc{hwj

Tfrbfkhw regurwhw

lun{blkbf


15/109

65


Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh [rfbcbc`

Yrht fw errflec{fw cegewwrbfw yfrf èrecgbfr. kewecthnter e lhcb{hrfr{rebcflec{hw#

Hw {rebcflec{hw yhkel wer etec{hw el {elyh refn. fyrewec{few `rftfkfw.khgulec{hw. {ew{ew. e{g#

Yerlb{e f grbfh ke elec{f ke {rebcflec{h vue yhke wer weùbkh yenhwfnuchw e lhcb{hrfkh yenhw fklbcbw{rfkhrew#

@erf renf{rbhw ew{f{w{bghw whore hw gurwhw. fnuchw. ch{fw e rewun{fkhw#

Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh Etec{w

Yrht errflec{fw yfrf èrecgbflec{h ke etec{hw ke nfr`f ewgfnf#

Yerlb{e f èrfh ke hrlunrbhw yfrf bcwgrbh el etec{hw. ch{bbgfew fu{hl{bgfw e ghctb{ew yerwhcfnbqfkhw#

@erf renf{rbhw ke{fnjfkhw whore bchrlfew khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew ghlhre`bw{rhw. yewvubwfw e yfr{bgbyfh chw etec{hw#

Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh Lee{bc`

Dhrcege reucbew e welbcrbhw el {elyh refn#

Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke ghc{ekh ftfcfkh. bcgnubckh nuzh ke ukbh. tkeh ewblunfew ke wh{pfre. fnl ke yerlb{br ghcercgbf el tkeh ghl trbfwyewwhfw#

Wfntf fu{hlf{bgflec{e fw wfnfw ke reucbew yerwhcfnbqfkfw e weu ghc{ekhyfrf fgewwh yhw{erbhr#

F gfyfgbkfke ke frvubtflec{h rekuq krfw{bgflec{e f yreyfrfh yfrfwelbcrbhw reghrrec{ew. reucbew ke evubye e fyrewec{few ke teckfw#

Dhc{e kh `rbgh1 j{{y1((ppp#fkhoe#ghl(or(yrhkug{w(

fgrhof{ghcceg{yrh(pjfkhoe(


16/109

64



Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh

Tkehw ezynbgf{bthw whore hw lkunhw kh FkhoeGhcceg{ Yrh yhkel wer fgewwfkhw ch eckereh

fofbzh1

j{{y1((ghcceg{uwerw#ghl({u{hrbfnw(?99:(9:(tbkehXhtertbepw(bckez#yjy

_evubwb{hw ke wbw{elfw yfrf yfr{bgbyfc{ew e wertbkhr1

j{{y1((ppp#fkhoe#ghl(or(yrhkug{w(fgrhof{ghcceg{yrh(ww{elrevw(

Gfwh h weu ynh fgewwe f bc{erce{ yhr bc{erlkbh keulf fc{ecf gekbkf yenh LEG. u{bnbqe whlec{e ulghlyu{fkhr yfrf yfr{bgbyfr kf ghcercgbf peo# Fyfr{bnjf kf ofckf yfwwfc{e ec{re trbhw ghlyu{fkhrewyreaukbgf echrlelec{e f ghcercgbf peo#

F{ech

Chrlfnlec{e f tenhgbkfke ke khpcnhfk *ofbzfr kfkhw" lfbhr kh vue ftenhgbkfke ke uynhfk *ectbfr kfkhw"# Ghcezew ghlergbfbw ke ? Lob{w yhrwe`uckh *Loyw". yhr ezelynh. yhwwuel ulf {fzf ke khpcnhfk refn ke ?54Mo{ew yhr we`uckh *MOyw" e ke uynhfk ke ?9 MOyw#

Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh

Derrflec{f ghlyhw{f ke ul wertbkhr yrb cgbyfn e {rw

lkunhw1

Fkhoe Fgrhof{Ghcceg{Yrh Werter

Fkhoe Fgrhof{Ghcceg{Yrh Lee{bc`

Fkhoe Fgrhof{ Ghcceg{Yrh [rfbcbc`

Fkhoe Fgrhof{Ghcceg{Yrh Etec{w

Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh

_evubwb{hw lcblhw yfrf yfr{bgbyfc{ew1

Lbgrhghlyu{fkhr ke 6 @Jq *hu wuyerbhr" ghl 56?le`fo{ew ke lelrbf _FL=

Wbw{elf hyerfgbhcfn Pbckhpw. Nbcuz hu Lfgbc{hwj=

Orhpwer Bc{erce{ Ezynhrer *5#9 hu wuyerbhr". LhqbnnfDbredhz *6#5 hu wuyerbhr" hu Ce{wgfye Cftb`f{hr *0#6hu wuyerbhr"=

Fkhoe Dnfwj Ynfer bcw{fnfkh=

Jefkwe{ e peogfl ke ohf vufnbkfke *hygbhcfn" e elyerdeb{h ew{fkh ke ducgbhcflec{h=

Ecnfge ke fgewwh bc{erce{ ke ch lcblh ?54 Moyw#


17/109

60


Lbgrhdhcew

Yfrf lfbhr vufnbkfke ke `rftfh fghcwenjten fu{bnbqfh ke lbgrhhcew yrhbwwbhcfbw= yhrl. yfrf

bc{e`r,nhw fh lbgrh. cegewwrbf ulf ynfgf kegfy{urf ke whl#

We hr yregbwh reucbr trbhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew el ulcbgh nhgfn. k yreercgbf yfrf hw evubyflec{hw hu{enehcew yfrf ukbh ghcercgbf vue yhwwfl werbc{e`rfkhw fh ghlyu{fkhr#

Gfwh h ynh ch yhwwuf ulf ghcezh vue yerlb{fvue trbhw ghlyu{fkhrew we ghceg{el ghcercgbf peo. thg yhke u{bnbqfr ul

jefkwe{ wel bh yfrf vue hw fnuchw we ezyrewwel wel yrhonelfw ke kewnhgflec{h#

K yreercgbf f jefkwe{w ghl ghceg{hrew UWO.

yhrvue enew enblbcfl yrhonelfw keghrrec{ew ke lfuucgbhcflec{h kf ynfgf ke whl# @erfnlec{e jefkwe{ghl ghceg{hr UWO yhwwub ul jfrkpfre bc{e`rfkh keukbh vue enblbcf yrhonelfw ke rukh cf ghlucbgfh.oel ghlh ghc{rhne er`hclbgh ke ghc{rhne#

Lbgrhdhcew

Ch u{bn bqfr lbgrhdhcew ke nfy{hy. vue gfy{fl lub{h

rukh e chrlfnlec{e {l ofbzf vufnbkfke#

H jefkwe{ f lenjhr ewghnjf yfrf trbfw fynbgfew.

yhbw kebzf fw lhw nbtrew yfrf hyerfr {egnfkh e

lhuwe. fnl ke wer dgbn ke {rfcwyhr{fr

Wuèw{ew ke lfrgfw

Nh b{egj

Lbgrhwhd{

Ynfc{rhcbgw

Lbgrhdhcew

F lfbhrbf khw lbgrhdhcew UWO wh ke ohf vufnbkfke

Fnùlfw peogflw yhwwuel lbgrhdhcew bc{erchw.

èrfnlec{e ke ofbzf vufnbkfke

Lfbw bcdhrlfew

j{{yw1((fklbc#fkhoe#fgrhof{#ghl(Xf?25657(lbgrhyjhcew


18/109

6:



Peogfl

Fw peogflw ke ohf vufnbkfke fqel ul lenjhrghc{rhne kf nulbchwbkfke e yhwwuel ul hgh lfbw

ebgfq# Etb{e yhwbgbhcfr f peogfl el nhgfbw ghlnulbchwbkfke ezgewwbtf. yhr ezelynh kbregbhcfkfyfrf afcenfw hu yhr{fw#

Uwurbhw kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{

Ducew e yerlbwwew kfw reucbew

Ke{erlbcfl regurwhw yfrf ghlyfr{bnjflec{h.{rfcwlbwwh e hu{rfw f{btbkfkew el ulf reucbh khFgrhof{ Ghcceg{ Yrh# Hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew ke ulf wfnfke reucbew yhkel regeoer {rw {byhw kberec{ew keuch1 jhw{. fyrewec{fkhr e yfr{bgbyfc{e#

H grbfkhr kf reucbh regeoe. yhr yfkrh. f uchke jhw{# H jhw{ yhke ewyegbbgfr f uch ke gfkful khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew. e bcgnuwbte f{rboubr f uch ke

jhw{ f hu{rhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew kf reucbh# Ghcbrf fwyerlbwwew yfrf gfkf uch#

Peogfl

Fgblf ke 6 le`fybzen

Fkvubrf yrhku{hw ke lfrgfw ghcjegbkfw

Ghw{ulfl {er lenjhr vufnbkfke ke blf`el

Lewlh vue f peogfl {ecjf lbgrhdhce. reghleckten u{bnbqfr ul lbgrhdhce ez{erch hu h

lbgrhdhce kh jefkwe{

Nh`b{egj

Lbgrhwhd{

Gref{bte


Ezbw{el {rw yerdbw ke uwurbhw. hu ducew. yfrf hFkhoe Ghcceg{1

Jhw{

Fyrewec{fkhr

Yfr{bgbyfc{e *f{eckee"

Hw {byhw kedbcel hw regurwhw yfrf ghlyfr{bnjflec{h.{rfcwlbwwh e hu{rfw f{btbkfkew el ulf reucbh#


19/109

62


Jhw{ Yhke ghcbùrfr reucbew. ghctbkfryfr{bgbyfc{ew. ghlyfr{bnjfr e fkbgbhcfr ghc{ekhw obonbh{egf. fkbgbhcfr hu ekb{fr nfhu{w el ulfwfnf ke reucbew# Yhke fbckf yrhlhter hu{rhw

yfr{bgbyfc{ew yfrf f uch ke jhw{ hufyrewec{fkhr kf wfnf ke reucbew. hu f enewhrceger yerlbwwew ftfcfkfw. wel vue wufwucew weafl fn{erfkfw# H jhw{ yhke {flolgrbfr e èrecgbfr yevuecfw wfnfw ke wewwh ke`ruyh el ulf reucbh. fnl ke ezegu{fr {hkfwfw {frefw ke ul fyrewec{fkhr hu yfr{bgbyfc{e#

Fyrewec{fkhr Yhke ghlyfr{bnjfr ghc{ekh kfobonbh{egf e ke weu ghlyu{fkhr yewwhfn *vue a{ecjf wbkh gfrre`fkh cf wfnf ke reucbh".

bcgnubckh fyrewec{few kh Fkhoe Yrewec{er*frvubthw YY[ e YY[Z". frvubthw el Dnfwj*frvubthw WPD". blfècw *frvubthw AYE@". frvubthwke tkeh *DNT". frvubthw ke ukbh *LY7" e yfgh{ewWjfrfone Ghc{ec{ Hoaeg{ _eerecge Lhken*WGH_L" ghlyfg{fkhw *QBY"# H fyrewec{fkhryhke ghlyfr{bnjfr wuf {enf ghl {hkhw hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew. ghcterwfr e {rfcwlb{br ukbh e tkehel {elyh refn#

Howertfew

F{ec{fr yfrf fw hc{ew fyw f ghcterwh kh YY[yfrf Fkhoe Yrewec{er. yhrvue enfw yhkelfyrewec{fr fn{erfew wb`cbbgf{btfw#

Wjfrfone Ghc{ec{ Hoaeg{ _eerecge Lhken*WGH_L" ulf ghneh ke yfkrew eewyegbbgfew yfrf e,nefrcbcòfwefkh cf peo# Fchrlf WGH_L kebce ghlucbgfew ec{re hghc{ekh kh nfkh kh gnbec{e e ul jhw{(fcb{rbh

gjflfkh ke flobec{e ke ezeguh. ghlulec{eulf uch ke ul Wbw{elf ke @erecgbflec{h keFyreckbqfkh *Nefrcbc` Lfcfèlec{ Ww{el NLW"# WGH_L {flol we kebce ghlh hghc{ekh vue yhke wer ghlyfg{fkh el ulfrvubth ke {rfcwercgbf *QBY"#


Jhw{

Ghcdbùrf reucbew=

Ghctbkf e fgeb{f yfr{bgbyfc{ew=

Fkbgbhcf ghc{ekhw obonbh{egf=

Ghlyfr{bnjf ghc{ekhw=

Fkbgbhcf hu ekb{f nfhu{w el ulf wfnf ke reucbew=

Yrhlhte f duch ke hu{rhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew e dhrcegeyerlbwwew ftfcfkfw wel fn{erfr f duch=

Grbf e erecgbf wewwew ke ruyh=

Fèckf reucbew#


Fyrewec{fkhr

Ghlyfr{bnjf ghc{ekh kf obonbh{egf e ke weu yryrbhghlyu{fkhr=

Frvubthw YY[. YY[Z. WPD. AYE@ . DNT. LY7 e QBY *WGH_L"=

Ghlyfr{bnjfr wuf {enf ghl hw kelfbw yfr{bgbyfc{ew=

[rfcwlb{br ukbh e tkeh el {elyh refn#


20/109

?9



Yfr{bgbyfc{e Yhke ezbobr h ghc{ekhghlyfr{bnjfkh. hutbr e fwwbw{br w {rfcwlbwwew keukbh e tkeh kh fyrewec{fkhr e uwfr h yhk keof{e,yfyh#

Yrblebrh ghc{f{h ghl h Fkhoe Ghcceg{ lekbkf vue yrhbwwbhcfbw weafl {rebcfkhw cfwbcw{b{ubew yfrf lfcuwefr e lun{bynbgfr hghcjegblec{h kf errflec{f Fkhoe Ghcceg{ yfrfghcercgbf peo. werh grbfkfw fw wfnfw kfwbcw{b{ubew e ghcgekbkfw fw yerlbwwew yfrf hwfklbcbw{rfkhrew kewwfw wfnfw#

[ew{e ke ghcezh

Ch nbcm Faukf yhke,we fqer h {ew{e ke ghceg{btbkfke#

Blyhr{fc{e1 h {ew{e ke ghcezh kete wer eb{hyretbflec{e f gfkf ghcercgbf peo ch ghlyu{fkhre ghl h ecnfge ke bc{erce{ vue wer u{bnbqfkh yfrf h

etec{h#


Yfr{bgbyfc{e

T h ghc{ekh ghlyfr{bnjfkh=

Hute e fwwbw{e w {rfcwlbwwew ke ukbh e tkeh khfyrewec{fkhr=

Uwf h yhk ke of{e,yfyh=

Yfr{bgbyf kfw reucbew ghlyfr{bnjfckh yhkw hu uwfckhukbh e tkeh we regeoer yerlbwwew kh jhw{#

Yrblebrh ghc{f{h ghl h Fkhoe Ghcceg{

Fgewwe h nbcm ectbfkh yhr e,lfbn yenh jhw{

Dhrlf{h kh nbcm kbwyhcbobnbqfkh1

Yfrf fw wegre{frbfw ke ekugfh ew{fkufbw

j{{y1((peoghcd#rcy#or(yrhbcdhX>UD 3

Yfrf fw wegre{frbfw ke ekugfh lucbgbyfbw

j{{y1((peoghcd#rcy#or(yrhbcdhX>UDXlucbgybh 3

Gnbvue el Faukfyfrf fqer h {ew{e

ke ghcezh


21/109

?6


Fc{ew ke ec{rfr

_eghleckflhw {ew{fr h ghlyu{fkhr fc{ew ke weghceg{fr f ulf ghcercgbf peo# H rewun{fkh kh

{ew{e bckbgfr f whnuh el gfwh ke yrhonelf#

F{fnjh1 cf {enf ke nh`bc ke vufnvuer ghcercgbf peothg ecghc{rf h nbcm Faukf vue h ecgflbcjfr yfrf fy`bcf ke {ew{ew#

Ghlh ec{rfr

Kbgf1 gfwh f bkebf weaf kbtbkbr hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew yhrynh. reghleckf,we f we`ubc{e ghlyhwbh kebkec{bbgfh1

>BCW[B[UBH WEU CHLE3

Kew{f hrlf wer lfbw gbn e `bn bkec{bbgfr hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew#

Fc{ew ke ec{rfr

[ew{fckh fw ghcdb`urfew kh ghlyu{fkhr

Blyhr{fc{e1 cew{e wb{e {flol ecghc{rfl,we trbfw kbgfw

yfrf whnugbhcfr yrhonelfw

j{{y1((peoghcd#rcy#or(ghllhc(jeny(y{,or(wuyyhr{(lee{bc`X{ew{#j{l

Kb`b{e >UD , Chle3 egnbvue el Ec{rfr cfwfnf


22/109

??



Ew{f lecwf`el fyfreger cf {enf gfwh h ghlyu{fkhr ch yhwwuf f terwhfyrhyrbfkf kh ynu`bc Dnfwj Ynfer bcw{fnfkh ch lbgrh# Cew{e gfwh. wer cegewwrbff bcw{fnfh kh lewlh f yfr{br kh wb{e1 ppp#fkhoe#ghl#or

Bcw{fnfh kh Fkhoe Dnfwj Ynfer

Yfrf ghcb`urfr h nfwj cfw kbterwfw kbw{rboubew khNbcuz. tbwb{e h nbcm1

^ j{{y1((ppp#fkhoe#ghl(or(yrhkug{w(nfwjynfer(yrhkug{bch(bcw{rug{bhcw('weg{bhc,7

Bcw{ruew yfrf u{bnbqfh ke Uouc{u1

j{{y1((uouc{uhrulw#hr`(wjhp{jrefk#yjy8{


23/109

?7


Hw yhkw wh afcenfw kbwyhw{fw cf wfnf vue yerlb{el f bc{erfh ec{re hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew kf reucbh# Yhkel {er kbterwfw ucew e wh fkbgbhcfkhw reucbhyenh jhw{#

[enf kh yfr{bgbyfc{e

Fw wfnfw grbfkfw tl ghl {rw nfhu{w yfkrh1

Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h=

Kbwguwwh=

Ghnfohrfh#

W{f{uw kh yfr{bgbyfc{e Yhkw ke ucew kbw{bc{fwLecuw

Nfhu{w kberec{ewyhkel wer lhw{rfkhwkurfc{e h etec{h.tbwfckh fkevufh fh{byh ke bc{erfh kfreucbh#


24/109

?;



Lecu _eucbh1 Fwwbw{ec{e ke ghcdbùrfhke ukbh

Ch lecu _eucbh. gnbvue el Ghcdbùrfew

ftfcfkfw#

Terbbvue we f hyh Uwfr ukbh ftfcfkh ew{wenegbhcfkf# Ewwf hyh f{btf h ghc{rhnefu{hl{bgh ke ukbh. bcgnubckh hw regurwhw kegfcgenflec{h ke egh. ghc{rhne ke thnule khlbgrhhce. ke{egh kh lhkh wbnecgbhwh ewuyrewwh ke rukh# Wenegbhce ewwf hyh yfrfuwfr hu{rfw ghcbùrfew ftfcfkfw#

Yfrf fauw{fr h Cten ke wbncgbh. frrfw{e h ghc{rhnekewnbqfc{e# Vufc{h lfbhr hr h cten. lfbhr wer fwecwbobnbkfke fh wbncgbh kurfc{e fw {rfcwlbwwew keukbh#

Yfrf forbr h Lhkh ke gfcgenflec{h ke egh fgw{bgh.wenegbhce ulf kfw hyew kewgrb{fw fofbzh# H

Fgrhof{ Fgrhof{ Ghcceg{ Fkk,Bc yregbwf ew{frbcw{fnfkh yfrf uwfr ewwf hyh1

Dunn Kuynez Yerlb{e vue trbhw uwurbhw ghcterwel wblun{fceflec{e# Wehghrrer egh. wenegbhce hu{rf hyh *ew{f hyh reghleckten yfrf flfbhrbf khw wbw{elfw"#

Jfn Kuynez Yerlb{e vue fyecfw ul uwurbh ghcterwe yhr teq# Uwe ew{fhyh we hw lbgrhhcew kh weu wbw{elf hrel ez{relflec{e wecwtebw*{rfcwlb{brel rukhw ke uckh bckeweatebw" hu we f bc{ecwbkfke kh weu regurwhke gfcgenflec{h ke egh hr rfgf#

Dhcew H{blbqf fw ghcbùrfew ke ukbh yfrf h uwh ke hcew ke hutbkh#Ew{f hyh uwf h lhkh Dunn Kuynez. ch vufn trbhw uwurbhw yhkelghcterwfr wblun{fceflec{e# H lhkh Kewf{btfkh kewf{btf h regurwh kegfcgenflec{h ke egh#

Yfrf yerlb{br vue h Fgrhof{ Ghcceg{ Fkk,Bc wenegbhce fu{hlf{bgflec{e h lenjhrlhkh ke gfcgenflec{h ke egh fgw{bgh yfrf h weu wbw{elf. wenegbhce f hyhWecwhr fu{hl{bgh kh Lhkh ke gfcgenflec{h ke egh fgw{bgh *wenegbhcfkf yhryfkrh"# We ewwf hyh hr wenegbhcfkf. h Fkk,Bc bcbgbfkh e fauw{fkh yfrf hlenjhr lhkh. ghl ofwe el bchrlfew khw wbw{elfw khw uwurbhw# Yfrfkewf{btfr h fauw{e fu{hl{bgh kh lhkh ke gfcgenflec{h ke egh fgw{bgh e uwfr

fyecfw h lhkh vue thg wenegbhchu. kewlfrvue ewwf hyh#

Lecu _eucbh1 Fwwbw{ec{e ke ghcdb urfhke ukbh

Yerlb{e f ghcdbùrfh kf ec{rfkf e wfkf ke ukbh*{hkhw ketel refnbqfr ew{e yrhgekblec{h"

Yhwwub gbcgh yfwwhw yfrf ghcdb urfh1Yfwwh 6 , [ew{e f wfkf ke ukbh e h thnule

Yfwwh ? ,Wenegbhce f ec{rfkf ke ukbh vue wer u{bnb qfkf

Yfwwh 7 , [ew{e h lbgrhdhce

Yfwwh ; , Fauw{e h cten ke wbncgbh

Yfwwh 5 , Ghcgnuf


25/109

?5


Yfrf f{btfr h fauw{e fu{hl{bgh ke thnule kh lbgrhhce ghl ofwe cfw fn{erfewkh cten ke thq. wenegbhce f hyh Ghc{rhne fu{hl{bgh ke `fcjh *wenegbhcfkf yhryfkrh"# Kewlfrvue ewwf hyh we {bter yrhonelfw ghl tfrbfew bcewyerfkfwch thnule ke ukbh# Kewlfrgfr ewwf hyh blyeke h fauw{e fu{hl{bgh kh

thnule kh lbgrhhce#

Wenegbhce ulf kfw hyew ke vufnbkfke kh ukbh kewgrb{fw yfrf fauw{fr ulfghlobcfh ke {hkfw fw ghcbùrfew ke ukbh. bcgnubckh hw regurwhw ke cten kewbncgbh. gfcgenflec{h ke egh e ghc{rhne ke `fcjh# Vufc{h lfbw fn{f hr fvufnbkfke. lfbhr wer h uwh ke regurwhw kf GYU# Ghcwevuec{elec{e. hkewelyecjh kh wbw{elf bgfr lfbw nec{h. lfw f vufnbkfke kh ukbh wer lenjhr# reghleckten vue thg uwe f ghcbùrfh ke vufnbkfke lfbw fn{f yhwwten vuech yrhthvue ulf ke`rfkfh ke{eg{ten ch ukbh kh weu wbw{elf# Wenegbhceulf kfw vuf{rh ghcbùrfew1

_ybkh Herege h kewelyecjh lfbw rybkh e f vufnbkfke ke ukbh lfbwofbzf# Ew{f ghcbùrfh uwf yhughw regurwhw kf GYU. hyh vue kete weru{bnbqfkf el wbw{elfw ghl GYUw lfbw nec{fw#

Ohl Herege ul kewelyecjh lfbw nec{h. lfw ulf vufnbkfke ke ukbhwuyerbhr# Ohl f ghcbùrfh yfkrh. reghleckten yfrf f lfbhrbf khwwbw{elfw#

Lenjhr Herege h kewelyecjh lfbw nec{h e f lenjhr vufnbkfke ke ukbh#Uwe ewwf hyh yfrf wbw{elfw ghl GYUw rybkfw#

Yerwhcfnbqfr Yerlb{e wenegbhcfr hyew kfw ghcbùrfew ke vufnbkfke kh

ukbh# Uwe ew{f hyh vufckh fw ghcbùrfew yfkrh ch heregerelrewun{fkhw fkevufkhw# T yfrf f e{fyf kh fwwbw{ec{e ke ghcbùrfh keukbh yfrf wenegbhcfr fw hyew yerwhcfnbqfkfw# We {bter ewghnjbkh fw hyew_ybkh. Ohl hu Lenjhr. b`chre wufw weneew e rew{fure fw ghcbùrfewftfcfkfw yfkrh. gnbgfckh el _ekedbcbryfkrew# We {bter wenegbhcfkh fhyh Yerwhcfnbqfr. ewghnjf ulf kfw weùbc{ew hyew1

Hyh 6?: *ghcbùrfh yfkrh" hu ?54 Yfrf ghcbùrfr h gflbcjh keegh= vufc{h lfbhr hr h cten kf ghcbùrfh. lfbhr wer f wuyrewwh keukbh# Ew{f ghcbùrfh uwf lfbw regurwhw kf GYU e reghleckten yfrfwbw{elfw vue ch u{bnbqfl hcew ke hutbkh#

Wuyrewwh ke rukh *wenegbhcfkf yhr yfkrh" Hyh yfrf rekuqbr h rukh chlbgrhhce# Kewlfrvue ew{f hyh yfrf fulec{fr f wecwbobnbkfke khlbgrhhce#

Yfrf ghcbùrfr h gfcgenflec{h ke egh fgw{bgh. wenegbhce1

Hyh _ybkh U{bnbqfkf yfrf ho{er h kewelyecjh lfbw rybkh e f vufnbkfkelfbw ofbzf#

Hyh Ohl U{bnbqfkf yfrf ho{er ul kewelyecjh lfbw nec{h e ulfvufnbkfke ul yhugh lenjhr#


26/109

?4



Hyh Lenjhr U{bnbqfkf yfrf ho{er h kewelyecjh lfbw nec{h e f lenjhrvufnbkfke#

Hyh Yrhgewwflec{h ch,nbcefr*wenegbhcfkf yhr yfkrh" Yfrf refnbqfr ulyrhgewwflec{h ch,nbcefr khw kfkhw ke ukbh= kewlfrvue ew{f hyh yfrf

uwfr h yrhgewwflec{h yfkrh *e lechw regurwhw kf GYU"#

Hyh _ekedbcbr yfkrew Yfrf b`chrfr wufw weneew e rew{furfr fwghcbùrfew ftfcfkfw yfkrh#

Yfrf fynbgfr fw ghcbùrfew yfkrh e re{hrcfr fh fwwbw{ec{e ke ghcbùrfh keukbh. gnbvue el HM. e h fwwbw{ec{e ke ghcbùrfh ke ukbh ezbobkh# Gnbvue elGhcgnubryfrf wfbr kh fwwbw{ec{e ke ghcbùrfh ke ukbh#

Nelore,we ke vue we h ynu`bc Fkk,Bc ch ew{bter bcw{fnfkh. f tbwufnbqfh kf

ghcbùrfh ke ukbh ew{fr kberec{e# Cew{e gfwh. bcw{fne h ynu`bc#

Yfwwh 6 ke 51 [ew{fr wfkf ke whlCew{e yfwwh. h Fkhoe Ghcceg{ elb{br whl vueyhwwf wer reyrhkuqbkh yenfw wufw gfbzfw ke whl#Gfwh ch fghc{ef. terbbvue we wufw gfbzfw ke whlew{h ketbkflec{e ghceg{fkfw fh ghlyu{fkhr enb`fkfw *gfwh weaf cegewwrbf fnblec{fh en{rbgf"#

Yfwwh ? ke 51 Wenegbhcfr lbgrhdhceFnùcw ghlyu{fkhrew yhkel {er lfbw ke ulf ec{rfkfyfrf lbgrhhce. ghlh peogflw ghl lbgrhhcew#Wenegbhce f ec{rfkf vue wer u{bnbqfkf e t fhyrzblh yfwwh yfrf {ew{fr h lbgrhhce# Gfwh hlbgrhhce wenegbhcfkh ch weaf h keweafkh. yhwwtenthn{fr fh yfwwh ? e ewghnjer hu{rh lbgrhhce#


27/109

?0


Yfwwh 7 ke 51 [ew{fr lbgrhdhceDff h {ew{e kh lbgrhhce `rftfckh ulf rfwe kb{fyenh yfr{bgbyfc{e e reyrhkuqf yfrf terbbgfr we enf hb`rftfkf ghrre{flec{e#

Yfwwh ; ke 51 Fauw{fr cten ke wbncgbhWb`f fw bcw{ruew kf {enf yfrf refnbqfr h {ew{e#

Yfwwh 5 ke 51 Yhke,we ghcgnubr f ghcdbùrfh

hu ghcdbùrfr lfcufnlec{e el Ghcdbùrfewftfcfkfw

Gfwh h ynu`bc Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Fkk,Bc ch {ecjf wbkhbcw{fnfkh. h oh{h Ghcdbùrfew Ftfcfkfw chfyfreger cew{e yfwwh# Yhr ewwe lh{bth. wercegewwrbh ec{rfr ch wb{e fofbzh yfrf vue weaf eb{f fbcw{fnfh1

j{{y1((peoghc#rcy#or(ghllhc(jeny(y{,or(wuyyhr{(lee{bc`X{ew{#j{l

Fyfreger {flol ch gfc{h wuyerbhr kbreb{h kf {enful ghce ftbwfckh vue weu ghlyu{fkhr ch yhwwub hynu`bc bcw{fnfkh# Gnbvue ch ghce yfrf bcw{fn,nh#


28/109

?:



Kbgf1 yfrf lenjhr vufnbkfke ch ukbh wer cegewwrbh fn{erfr f Vufnbkfke khukbh yfrf lenjhr#

H Fwwbw{ec{e ke Ghcbùrfh ke ukbh kete wer

ezegu{fkh fc{ew kf ghcercgbf peo. etb{fckhyrhonelfw ke ukbh e kblbcubckh h kewtbh kef{ech gfuwfkh yhr ew{e {byh ke yrhonelf#

Gfkf {byh ke ukbh yrhyhrgbhcfr ulf vufnbkfkekberec{e ke ukbh yfrf h yfr{bgbyfc{e. keyeckeckhkh {byh ke ghcezh ew{foenegbkf#

Lecu _eucbh1 Wenegbhcfr glerf

Blyhr{fc{e1 gfwh weaf cegewwrbf f lukfcf khkbwyhwb{bth ke tkeh kurfc{e ulf ghcercgbf peo.yfre ke {rfcwlb{br weu nuzh ke tkeh e wenegbhce hchth kbwyhwb{bth f wer uwfkh#

Lecu _eucbh1 Fwwbw{ec{e ke ghcdbùrfh

ke ukbh_eghleckfh kf _CY

Cten ke rukh1 Fgblf ke 49

Lhkh ke gfcgenflec{h ke egh1 Dunn Kuynez

Kewlfrgfr1

Wecwhr fu{hl{bgh kh lhkh ke gfcgenflec{h ke eghGhc{rhne fu{hl{bgh ke `fcjh

Thnule kh lbgrhdhce1 Fgblf ke 49

Vufnbkfke ke ukbh1 Ohl

_eghleckf,we ezegu{fr h Fwwbw {ec{e ke Ghcdbùrfhke ukbh fc{ew ke vufnvuer ghcdercgbf peo#

ukbh

Lhkel KWN NFC

66 Moyw5 mJq

?? Moyw66 mJq

;; Moyw?? mJq

Vufnbkfke kh ukbh

Cew{f hyh yhke,we wenegbhcfr f glerf vue wer u{bnbqfkf. lbgrhhce. nhgfn kefrlfqecflec{h e f yerlbwwh


29/109

?2


Lecu _eucbh1 Lbcjf tenhgbkfke ke ghcezh

Ch lecu _eucbh3@erecgbfr lbcjfw ghcdbùrfewezbw{el vuf{rh wuo,lecuw1

Lbcjf tenhgbkfke ke ghcezh Hcke ghcbùrfkh h {byh ke ghcezh ew{foenegbkf ghl hwertbkhr Fkhoe Ghcceg{#

Fwwbw{ec{e ke ghcbùrfh ke ukbh### Fuzbnbfcf ghcbùrfh kh ukbh kh yfr{bgbyfc{e#

Wenegbhcfr glerf### Fuzbnbf cf ewghnjf kfglerf bcw{fnfkf ch ghlyu{fkhr kh yfr{bgbyfc{e#

[enf gjebf Ezyfcke f afcenf kf ghcercgbf peo yfrf hw nblb{ew kh lhcb{hr#

Uwe _eucbh3Wfbr kh Ghcceg{ Yrh yfrf we kewghceg{fr kf ghcercgbf peo# Gfwhh ynu`bc Fkk,Bc ch ew{eaf bcw{fnfkh. f hyh Wfbr kh Ghcceg{ Yrh yhke chfyfreger# Cew{e gfwh bcw{fne h ynu`bc#

Kbgfw

Lhkel Ul fyrewec{fkhr yhke èrfr gergf ke ?4 Mo(w ke kfkhw# Hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew yregbwfl ke gergf ke ?2 Mo(w yfrf ulf ohf ghcezh# Ch reghleckten uwfr f ghcezh yhr lhkel ghl lfbw ke ul fyrewec{fkhr.cel u{bnbqfr h regurwh ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke {enf ghl f ghcezh yhrlhkel#

KWN Ul fyrewec{fkhr yhke èrfr gergf ke 6?5 Mo(w ke kfkhw# Hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew yregbwfl ke gergf ke 6?: Mo(w yfrf ulf ohf ghcezh# We hregurwh ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke {enf hr uwfkh. hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew yregbwfrh ke?99 Mo(w#

NFC Ul fyrewec{fkhr yhke èrfr gergf ke ?59 Mo(w ke kfkhw# Hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew yregbwfl ke gergf ke ?55 Mo(w# We h regurwh keghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke {enf hr uwfkh. hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew yregbwfrh ke ;99 Mo(w#

El renfh fh clerh ke uwurbhw yhr ghcezh1

reghleckten vue ul nbcm FKWN gfwebrh {ecjf h lcblh *keyeckeckh kf ofckf ghc{rf{fkf" ke ghlyu{fkhrew ghceg{fkhw wfnf tbr{ufn#

Lecu _eucbh1 Lbcjf tenhgbkfke keghcezh

yhwwten terbdbgfr f ofckf vue ew{ weckh u{bnbqfkf*el Mo(w"

Ofw{f gnbgfr cf ofrrf terke ch gfc{h wuyerbhr kbreb{h kf

wfnf yfrf ter fw ew{f{w{bgfw ke reke#

Yhke wer u{bnbqfkh. yhr ezelynh. yfrf h fyrewec{fkhr

ghc{rhnfr f vufc{bkfke ke kfkhw ectbfkf#

KhpcnhfkUynhfkNf{cgbf *f{rfwh ec{re ectbh e ec{re`f"

Yhke kblbcubr hu fulec{frke {flfcjh keyeckeckhkf vufnbkfke kf ghcezh

KhpcnhfkUynhfkNf{cgbf *f{rfwh ec{re ectbh e ec{re`f"

Yhke kblbcubr hu fulec{frke {flfcjh keyeckeckhkf vufnbkfke kf ghcezh


30/109

79



El fgunkfkew hu elyrewfw vue {ecjfl ulf ghcezh ghl f bc{erce{ kelenjhr vufnbkfke. a yhwwten {er lfbw ghlyu{fkhrew ghceg{fkhw ch lewlhnbcm *keyeckeckh kf ofckf kbwyhcten"#

Kbgf1 fc{ew ke vufnvuer ghcercgbf peo yregbwhfqer hw {ew{ew yfrf vue f reucbh fghc{ef cfwlenjhrew ghckbew yhwwtebw# blyhr{fc{e vue hw{ew{ew èrel ulf ghcbùrfh cf vufn {hkhwyhwwfl yfr{bgbyfr ghl vufnbkfke#

Kbgf1 cf y`bcf ke ec{rfkf kf ghcercgbf peo jul nbcm ke faukf# Ewwe nbcm fr {ew{ew e h rewun{fkhlhw{rfr h {byh ke ghcezh vue thg yhwwub#

Lhkel KWN NFC

ukbh 66 Moyw5 MJq

?? Moyw66 MJq

;; Moyw?? MJq

Tkeh

Wnhp Blfèw ?4 Moyw

? yw

?4 Moyw

? yw

?4 Moyw

? ywDfw{ Blfèw C(F 6?5 Moyw

65 yw?59 Moyw65 yw

Jb`j Vufnb{Blfèw

C(F 6?5 Moyw6? yw

?59 Moyw6? yw

Ghlyfr{bnjflec{hke {enf

?: Moyw6 yw

699 Moyw? yw

;99 Moyw? yw

Lecu _eucbh1 Lbcjf tenhgbkfke keghcezh

Cew{f hyh h yfr{bgbyfc{e bcdhrlf fh wbw{elf weu

{byh ke ghcezh ghl f bc{erce{

Lhkel Ghcezh ghl lhkel ke fgewwh kbwgfkh

KWN(Gfoh Ghcezh f{rftw ke bc{erce{ ofckf nfr`f

NFC Ghcezh kec{rh ke ulf reke nhgfn

Ch Fkhoe Ghcceg{ 0

@erecgbfr lbcjfw

ghcbùrfew1 Lbcjftenhgbkfke ke ghcezh


31/109

76


Tbwh kh yerdbn ke yfr{bgbyfc{e kh FkhoeGhcceg{

Tbwh kh yerdbn ke yfr{bgbyfc{e

H yfr{bgbyfc{e yhke ezbobr h ghc{ekh ghlyfr{bnjfkh.hutbr e fwwbw{br w {rfcwlbwwew ke ukbh e tkeh khfyrewec{fkhr e uwfr h yhk ke of{e,yfyh#

Yhk Nbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ewH yhk Nbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew u{bnbqfkh yfrftbwufnbqfr e ghc{rhnfr vufbw e vufc{hw wh hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew ke ulf ghcercgbf. terbbgfr w{f{uw eyrhlhter yfr{bgbyfc{ew#

W{f{uw kh yfr{bgbyfc{e

Netfc{fr f lh Yekbr f yfnftrf1 keyecke ke fu{hrbqfh kh jhw{#

Ghcghrkfr Lhw{rfr f {hkhw vue ew{ ke fghrkh ghl fnùl vuew{bhcflec{h#

Kbwghrkfr Lhw{rfr f {hkhw vue ch ew{ ke fghrkh ghl fnùlvuew{bhcflec{h#

Ffw{fr,we Wbcfnbqfr vue thg ch ew{ lhlec{fceflec{e yfr{bgbyfckh kfreucbh#

Dfne lfbw fn{h Yekbr yfrf h cfrrfkhr fnfr lfbw fn{h#

Dfne lfbw ofbzh Yekbr yfrf h cfrrfkhr fnfr lfbw ofbzh#

Fgenerfr Wuèrbr vue h fyrewec{fkhr fgenere wuf ezyhwbh#

Kewfgenerfr Wuèrbr vue h fyrewec{fkhr kewfgenere wuf ezyhwbh#

Tbwh kh yerdbn ke yfr{bgbyfc{e kh FkhoeGhcceg{

Wer fyrewec{fkf f tbwh ke gfkf yerdbn ke uwurbh khFkhoe Ghcceg{

Bcbgbfrelhw yenf tbwh kh yfr{bgbyfc{e

YhkNbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew

_enfh khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew kf ghcdercgbf peoghcew khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew

6# ghce ,Jhw{?# ghce ,Fyrewec{fkhr7# ghce , Yfr{bgbyfc{ew

Hyew ke W{f{uw*{flol yfrf jhw{w efyrewec{fkhrew"


32/109

7?



H w{f{uw kh yfr{bgbyfc{e yhke wer {bn yfrf weghlucbgfr ghl h fyrewec{fkhr. jhw{ e kelfbwyfr{bgbyfc{ew ke lhkh ucbkbregbhcfn cf lfbhrbfkfw teqew#

Hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew yhkel kelhcw{rfr ghcghrkcgbf hukbwghrkcgbf el renfh f ulf fbrlfh huyerùc{f kh fyrewec{fkhr# Yhkel {flol ezyrblbrul wec{blec{h hu f fuwcgbf kh yfr{bgbyfc{ekh ghlyu{fkhr ke hcke ew{ fgewwfckh fghcercgbf peo#

Fnùcw jhw{w e fyrewec{fkhrew uwfl hw elh{bghcw eh ukbh *{enehcbf hu ThBY" kh Fgrhof{ Ghcceg{ Yrhyfrf fqer yerùc{fw fhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew kurfc{e ulfwewwh ke {rebcflec{h hu reucbh# Yhr ezelynh. uljhw{ fq ulf yerùc{f. trbhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew netfc{flf lh uwfckh hw elh{bghcw. h jhw{ ghcgeke kbreb{hwke thq fh yrblebrh cf nbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew e hyfr{bgbyfc{e rewyhcke yerùc{f uwfckh ThBY#

Vufckh thg wenegbhcf h elh{bghc Netfc{fr f lh.weu chle lhtbkh yfrf f yfr{e wuyerbhr kf nbw{f ke

yfr{bgbyfc{ew# We trbhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew netfc{frelf lh. fvuene vue netfc{hu f lh yrblebrhfyfreger ch {hyh kf nbw{f. weùbkh kh weùckh. efwwbl yhr kbfc{e#

Lfbw bcdhrlfew

ThBY h rh{eflec{h ke ghcterwfh julfcf uwfckh f bc{erce{ hu vufnvuer hu{rfreke ke ghlyu{fkhrew ofwefkf ch Yrh{hghnh ke Bc{erce{. {hrcfckh f {rfcwlbwwhke thq lfbw ul wertbh wuyhr{fkh yenf reke ke kfkhw#

Vufckh h gfkefkh ch ew{ f{btfkh. h oh{h Ghcterwfrucgbhcf ghlh pfnm,{fnm.hu weaf. w {rfcwlb{e h ukbh ecvufc{h ew{bter gnbgfkh#

W{f{uw kh yfr{bgbyfc{e

Fh wenegbhcfr hw w{f{uw Dfne lfbw fn{h. Dfne lfbw ofbzh.

Fgenerfr. Kewfgenerfr. _bwhhu Fynfuwh. h ghce

ghrrewyhckec{e ezbobkh yhr keq weùckhw ch yhkNbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew#

Hw ghcew ke w{f{uw Netfc{fr lh. Ghcghrkfre

Kbwghrkfryerlfcegel tbwtebw f{ vue weafl

relhtbkhw lfcufnlec{e yenh jhw{ hu yenh yfr{b gbyfc{e#

H ghce ke w{f{uw Fdfw{fr,weyhke wer relhtbkh

whlec{e yenh yryrbh yfr{bgbyfc{e#

Vufckh h yfr{bgbyfc{e u{bn bqfr f hyh Netfc{fr f lhgnbgfckh ch oh{h . ew{fr yekbckh yerlbwwh fh

jhw{ yfrf dfnfr uwfckh ThBY#

H jhw{ yhke fgeb{fr hu reaeb{fr h yekbkh#

We f yerlbwwh dhr ghcgekbkf. h yfr{bgbyfc{e gnbgf el

Dfnfr f`hrf hu u{bnbqf hw oh{ew

Netfc{fr f lh


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Netfc{fr f lh

F afcenf kh gfc{h wuyerbhr kbreb{h fner{f vue h kbreb{h ke fnfr hb ghcgekbkh yenhfklbcbw{rfkhr#

Ch yhk Nbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew. h ghce ke ul lbgrhhce fyfreger cf rec{e khchle. bckbgfckh f {hkhw vuel ew{ ghl yerlbwwh yfrf fnfr#

H oh{h Ghcterwfr. ch gfc{h bcerbhr ewvuerkh. lhw{rf vue yhke wer yrewwbhcfkhyfrf fnfr f {hkhw#

Yhke wer reùnfkh h thnule kh ukbh vue hyfr{bgbyfc{e. fyrewec{fkhr hu jhw{ elb{br yfrf

{hkhw cf wfnf#

Netfc{fr f lh

Lfc{eckh yrewwbhcfkh h oh{h Ghcterwfr. yhke,we

dfnfr ghl {hkhw ch etec{h

Yrewwbhcfckh h ghce Gfkefkh. yhke,we dfnfr

ghc{bcuflec{e. wel f cegewwbkfke ke lfc{er h oh{h

Ghcterwfryrewwbhcfkh

Cfw hyew ke thq yhke,we reùnfr h thnule

Cew{e lhlec{hfnùlfw hyewfyfregel cf {enf


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7;



Yhk Of{e,yfyh

U{bnbqfkh yfrf ew{foeneger ghlucbgfh tbf {ez{h

ghl hu{rhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew. fyrewec{fkhrew e jhw{w#

Yhk Ch{fw

Lub{h u{bnbqfkh yfrf re`bw{rfr f{fw ke reucbew#

Yhk Of{e,yfyh

Yhk u{bnbqfkh yfrf fbc{erfh khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew

f{rftw ke {ez{h

H {ez{h kb b{fkh yhke wer

kbregbhcfkh1

Yfrf {hkhw cf ghcdercgbf

peo

Yfrf yewwhfw ewyegdbgfw

Whlec{e yfrf hw

fyrewec{fkhrew

Yhk Ch{fw

U{bnbqfkh yenh jhw{ e yenh fyrewec{fkhr yfrf1

Howertfew whore h etec{h

Ch{fw el `erfnEzelynh1

F{f kf reucbh


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Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h

U{bnbqfkh yfrf lhw{rfr ulf afcenf kh weughlyu{fkhr yfrf hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew. lhw{rfr f wuf

ref ke {rfofnjh. lhw{rfr ul fynbgf{bth kh weughlyu{fkhr. gfrre`fr khgulec{hw YY[. YY[Z. WPD.LY7. DNT. AYE@ e QBY cf {enf khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew eforbr ul vufkrh orfcgh yfrf kewecjh vue werlhw{rfkh yfrf hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew#

Faukf kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh


U{bnbqfkh yenh fyrewec{fkhr hu jhw{ yfrf ghlyfr{bnjfr ref

ke {rfofnjh. fynbgf{bthw. khgulec{hw e vufkrh orfcgh

Faukf kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Yrh

Fgewwe hw wb{ew1

Y bcf ke faukf kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{j{{y1((peoghcd#rcy#or(ghllhc(jeny(y{,or(ghcceg{(jeny#j{ln

Y bcf ke wuyhr{e kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{j{{y1((ppp#fkhoe#ghl(or(wuyyhr{(

U{bnbqfkh yenhfyrewec{fkhr hu jhw{yfrf ghlyfr{bnjfr refke {rfofnjh. fynbgf{bthw.khgulec{hw e vufkrhorfcgh


36/109

74




37/109

6

Wewwh ke fyreckbqf`el 6Bc{rhkuh ghcdercgbf peo

_h{ebrh ke f{btbkfkew

[ybghw e ghcgeb{hw

Ghhyerfh _CY,Yrhbch

Ghcgeb{hw whore Ghcercgbf peo

Derrflec{f u{bnbqfkf Fkhoe Ghcceg{

_evubwb{hw ke jfrkpfre

Tbwh kh yfr{bgbyfc{e

Ghlye{cgbfw {gcbgfw kewecthntbkfw

Gfyfgb{fr h fnuch cf ghcb`urfh e hyerfh ke ul flobec{e ke ghcercgbfpeo ghlh yfr{bgbyfc{e#

[elyh yretbw{h yfrf fw f{btbkfkew

29 lbcu{hw

Ghlyu{fkhr khw fnuchw

Pbckhpw ZY1

Bc{erce{ Ezynhrer

Dbrehz

Jefkwe{ e peogfl


38/109

7:



F{btbkfke 6 Ec{rfckh cf wfnf e ghcdbùrfckh glerf e ukbh

H bcw{ru{hr wblunfr ulf peo,funf hcke {hkhw hw fnuchw werhyfr{bgbyfc{ew# Hw fnuchw ketel ec{rfr cf wfnf e ezegu{fr hw yfwwhw ke

ghcdbùrfh1

Dff h {ew{e ke ghcezh kh lbgrh f{rftw kh nbcm ke faukf kf y`bcf bcbgbfn1j{{y1((peoghc#rcy#or(ghllhc(jeny(ec(wuyyhr{(lee{bc`X{ew{#j{l

Dbùrf 6 , Gnbvue el Faukf yfrf {ew{fr f ghcbùrfh kh lbgrh

Ec{re cf wfnf ghlh ghctbkfkh. weùbckh hw yfkrew ke chlecgnf{urfkewgrb{hw e u{bnbqfckh h yrh`rflf Bc{erce{ Ezynhrer yfrf ec{rfr cf wfnf# Gfwhweaf revuerbkf f bcw{fnfh kh ynu`bc Dnfwj Ynfer. bcw{fne,h1

>UD , WEUXCHLE3

Terbbvue h {byh ke ghcezh vue ew{ weckh u{bnbqfkf e ff hw fauw{ewcegewwrbhw=

Terbbvue we f glerf ew{ ghcbùrfkf ghrre{flec{e#


39/109

72


F{btbkfke ? Kelhcw{rfh kfw ducgbhcfnbkfkew

H bcw{ru{hr ec{rfr ghlh jhw{ kf wfnf e kelhcw{rfr fw ducgbhcfnbkfkewkf derrflec{f# Hw fnuchw brh bc{erf`br e terbdbgfr hw rewun{fkhw cf {enf#

Fyrhteb{e ew{f f{btbkfke yfrf netfc{fr vuew{ew whore yhwwtebw wb{ufewhcke hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew yhkerbfl ecghc{rfr kbdbgunkfkew#

F{btbkfke 7 U{bnbqfckh ducgbhcfnbkfkew

Hw fnuchw u{bnbqfrh fw ducgbhcfnbkfkew yerlb{bkfw yfrf h yerdbn keyfr{bgbyfc{e1

U{bnbqe f uch

Netfc{fr f lh=U{bnbqe h yhk Of{e,yfyh=

Fn{ere weu w{f{uw=

Nblye weu w{f{uw#

F{btbkfke ; U{bnbqfckh h fwwbw{ec{e ke ukbh

Hw fnuchw u{bnbqfrh h fwwbw{ec{e ke ukbh yfrf fauw{fr wufw ghcdb`urfew

ke ukbh#


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;9




41/109

?

Wewwh ke fyreckbqf`el ?@erecgbfckh ulf wfnf ke reucbew

Wulrbh kf wewwh

Tbwh kh yerbn ke Fyrewec{fkhr kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #;7

Yreyfrfckh f reucbh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #;7

Bcbgbfckh f reucbh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #;;

Yhkw # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #;5

Yhk Glerf e Thq # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #;5

Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #;:Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h1 [enf Leu Ghlyu{fkhr # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #;2

Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h1 Khgulec{hw # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #59

Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h1 Vufkrh orfcgh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #56

Yhk Ch{f # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #5?

Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke frvubthw # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #57

Yhk Nbcmw cf Peo # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #5;

Yhk Yewvubwf # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #55ref ezgnuwbtf yfrf jhw{w e fyrewec{fkhrew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #54

Tbwh kh yerbn ke Jhw{ kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{ # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #50

@erecgbfckh fgewwh e ec{rfkf # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #50

@erecgbfckh yfr{bgbyfc{ew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #52

Fu{hyrhlhh # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #49

Yrhlhteckh yfr{bgbyfc{ew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #49

Kbreb{hw ftfcfkhw # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #49Whnbgb{fckh yfr{bgbyfc{ew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #46


42/109

;?

Yrhae{h ghcpeoIyrhbch1 Ghcercgbf Peo yfrf h Yrhbch Bc{e`rfkh Wewwh ke fyreckbqf`el ?


@erecgbfckh Yhkw# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #4?

@erecgbfckh nfr`urf ke ofckf # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #4?

Lhkel # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #4;

_h{ebrh ke f{btbkfkew # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #45

F{btbkfke 6 U{bnbqfckh hw yrbtbn`bhw ke fyrewec{fkhr # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #44

F{btbkfke ? U{bnbqfckh hw yrbtbn`bhw ke jhw{# # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # #40


43/109

;7

@erecgbfckh ulf wfnf ke reucbew

Tbwh kh yerdbn ke Fyrewec{fkhr kh FkhoeGhcceg{

Yhke ghlyfr{bnjfr ghc{ekh kf obonbh{egf e ke weu

ghlyu{fkhr yewwhfn *vue a {ecjf wbkh gfrre`fkh cfwfnf ke reucbh". bcgnubckh fyrewec{few kh FkhoeYrewec{er *frvubthw YY[ e YY[Z". frvubthw elDnfwj *frvubthw WPD". blfècw *frvubthw AYE@".frvubthw ke tkeh *DNT". frvubthw ke ukbh *LY7" eyfgh{ew qbyfkhw Wjfrfone Ghc{ec{ Hoaeg{ _eerecgeLhken *WGH_L"# H fyrewec{fkhr yhke ghlyfr{bnjfrwuf {enf ghl {hkhw hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew. of{er yfyh e{rfcwlb{br ukbh e tkeh el {elyh refn#

Yreyfrfckh f reucbh

Tbwh kh yerdbn ke Fyrewec{fkhr kh Fkhoe

Ghcceg{

Wer fyrewec{fkf f tbwh ke gfkf yerdbn ke uwurbh kh

Fkhoe Ghcceg{

Fyrewec{frelhw f tb wh kh fyrewec{fkhr

Ghc{rhnfl h vue ew{ kbwyhcten cf wfnf e yhkel

ectbfr ukbh e tkeh#

Ch yhkel fkbgbhcfr yhk e chthw ghc{ekhw. hu

fn{erfr h nfhu{#

Yreyfrfckh f reucbh

H fyrewec{fkhr kete ghc{fr gh l f faukf kh jhw { yfrf

èrecgbfr f wfnf e hw yfr{b gbyfc{ew

El ulf reucbh. ofwbgflec{e ul jhw{

èrecgbf e hr`fcbqf f wfnf e ul fyrewec{fkhr

dfnf fhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew

H fyrewec{fkhr c h yhke lhter cel

rekblecwbhcfr yhkw

H fyrewec{fkhr kete we ghcgec{rfr ch ghc{ekh

e ch ch uwh kf derrflec{f

Yreyfrfckh f reucbh

We h fyrewec{fkhr ew{bter dflbn bfrbqfkh ghl f

derrflec{f e weùrh ke weu uwh. yhke fgulunfr f

duch ke jhw{

Wfnfw a grb fkfw yhkel wer u{bnb qfkfw yfrf hw etec{hw.

hu ulf chtf wfnf yhke wer grbfkf

Gfkf wegre{frbf ke ekugfh yhker ghc{fr ghl ul f

wfnf yr,grbfkf yfrf f refnbqfh ke weuw etec{hwF bcw{b{ub h kedbce hw rewyhcwtebw yenh

èrecgbflec{h kfw wfnfw e yerlbwwew ke jhw{


44/109

;;



Bcbgbfckh f reucbh

H jhw{ ec{rf fu{hlf{bgflec{e fyw bcwerbr nh`bc ewecjf# H fgewwh reucbh keyecke kf hrlf ghlh

hb ghcbùrfkf yenh jhw{1

Whlec{e uwurbhw re`bw{rfkhw yhkel ec{rfr cfwfnf *h fgewwh ew{ onhvuefkh f ghctbkfkhw"=

Whlec{e uwurbhw re`bw{rfkhw e ghctbkfkhwfgeb{hw yenh jhw{ yhkel ec{rfr cf wfnf=

Hw ghctbkfkhw vue regeoerfl h U_N kf reucbhyhkel ec{rfr cf wfnf#

Hw uwurbhw re`bw{rfkhw ch Fkhoe Ghcceg{ Gec{rfn ec{rfl cf wfnf e fwwulel f

uch vue hb yr,ghcbùrfkf yenh jhw{ vue. vufckh fgjfr cegewwrbh. yhkefn{erfr f uch khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew vue ec{rfl cf wfnf#

Vufckh f hyh Vufnvuer ul ghl h U_N kf reucbh yhke ec{rfr cf wfnf ew{wenegbhcfkf. vufnvuer uwurbh yhke fgewwfr kbre{flec{e f reucbh#

Hw uwurbhw re`bw{rfkhw ch wbw{elf ec{rfl cf wfnf fyw bcwerbrel weuw kfkhw kenh`hc e wecjf#

Hw uwurbhw re`bw{rfkhw yretbflec{e ch Fkhoe Ghcceg{ yenf _CY yhkel fgewwfree{ufckh nh`hc e bcwerbckh wecjf#

Hw ghctbkfkhw w yregbwfl ghnhgfr >wb`nf kf bcw{b{ubh chle3 yfrf ec{rfrghl h yerbn ke yfr{bgbyfc{e#

Bcbgbfckh f reucbh

Ezbw{el fnùlfw lfcebrfw ke we bcbgbfr u lf reucbh1

Fgewwfr h nbcm ch e,lfbn ke ghctb{e regeobkh

Nh fr ch Ghcceg{ Gec{rfn *jhw{"

Cfte fr f{ fw bcdhrlfew kf reucbh hu fgewwfr f

yfw{fLbcjfw reucbew e gnbgfr ch nbcm yfrf ec{rfr

Kb b{fr h Ucbdhrl _ewhurge Nhgf{hr *U_N" kf reucbh

ch cfte fkhr

Fyw vufnvuer ul khw yfwwhw. whnbgb{fkh ul nh` hc

e ulf wecjf yfrf fgewwh

Fgewwh reucbh yfrfuwurbhw re`bw{rfkhw eyfrf ghctbkfkhw


45/109

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Yhkw

F ofrrf ke {{unh e h gfc{h bcerbhr kbreb{h yhkel wer u{bnbqfkhw yfrf ezbobr yhkwwhoreyhw{hw# Yhr ezelynh. we h yhk Of{e,yfyh ew{ who h yhk Nbw{f keyfr{bgbyfc{ew. yhwwten ezbobr h yhk Of{e,yfyh gnbgfckh cf ofrrf ke {{unh hu chgfc{h bcerbhr kbreb{h *keyecke kh yhc{h vue ew{bter tbwten". wel cegewwbkfke kelhter h Yhk Nbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew#

Yhk Glerf e Thq

Glerf kewnb`fkf Hyh vue kewf{btf hregurwh ke {rfcwlbwwh ke tkeh#

Blfècw lfbw nec{fw Hyh vue {ew{f e{rfcwlb{e fw blfècw kf glerf ghl lechwrevucgbf vue fw hu{rfw ghcbùrfew keblfèl# Fw blfècw ghw{ulfl wer ke vufnbkfkebcerbhr e yhkel whrer kewnhgflec{hwbcewyerfkhw# Uwe ew{f ghcbùrfh we f lfbhrbfkhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew {bter ghcezew ke ofbzftenhgbkfke hu we f vufnbkfke kfw blfècw ch hr

ul fwyeg{h lub{h blyhr{fc{e cf {rfcwlbwwh#

Blfècw rybkfw *ghcbùrfh yfkrh" Hyhvue herege blfècw gnfrfw. lfw ke vufnbkfkebcerbhr# Uwe ew{f ghcbùrfh we hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew{bterel ghcezew ghl tenhgbkfkew tfrbfkfw#

Blfècw ke fn{f vufnbkfke Hyh vue heregeblfècw ke fn{f vufnbkfke# Uwe ew{f ghcbùrfhwe {hkhw hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew {bterel ghcezew kefn{f tenhgbkfke#

Ofrrf ke {{unh

Gnbvue kufw teqew yfrf rechlefr h yhk

Frrfw{e yfrf lhter h yhk

*whlec{e jhw{ yfrf hw khbw gfwhw"

Lecu

*hyew"

Hgun{fr

[enf gjebf

Yfrf kblecwbhcfr h yhk

ofw{f frrfw{fr fw

ohrkfw hu hw gfc{hw*whlec{e yfrf jhw{"

Yhk Glerf e Thq

Ghl h yhk ke glerf e thq. jhw{w e fyrewec{fkhrew

yhkel {rfcwlb{br e ezbobr ghc {ekhw ke ukbh e(hu

tkeh el {elyh refn#

Yfrf {rfcwlb{br ukbh. h ghlyu{fkhr kh {rfcwlbwwhr

yregbwf {er ul lbgrhdhce ghceg{fkh f ene#

Yfrf {rfcwlb{br tkehw. h ghlyu{fkhr kh {rfcwlbwwhr

yregbwf {er ulf glerf ke tkeh hu ulf peogfl

ghceg{fkf f ene#

Hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew yregbwfl regeoer kh jhw{ kbreb{hw

ftfcfkhw yfrf h yhk ke glerf e thq hu werel

yrhlhtbkhw#

Yhk Glerf e Thq

H yhk yerlb{e fnùlfw hy ew yfrf tkeh1

Glerf kewnb fkf

Blf ecw lfbw nec{fw

Blf ecw rybkfw

Blf ecw ke fn{f vufnbkfke

_e{rf{h *vufkrfkh"

Yfkrh *;z7" [T ghlul

Yfbwf el *2z5" pbkewgreec


46/109

;4



Yhk Glerf e Thq

Yfrf {rfcwlb{br tkeh. wenegbhce yrblebrh f glerf cf

hyh _eucbh@erecgbfr lbcjfw ghcd b`urfew

Wenegbhcfr glerfe f afcenf ke ghcdb` urfhkh dn fwj fyfrege#

Gnbvue ch oh{h # H Dnfwj yhke yekbr fu{hrbqfh

yfrf u{bnbqfr f glerf1 gnbv ue el Fnnhp# F {rfcwlbwwhke ukbh bcb gbfr fu{hlf{bgflec{e#

Yfrf yfuwfr f glerf e uwfr ulf blf`el ew{{bgf

gnbvue el

Yfrf bc{errhlyer f {rfcwlbwwh ke tkeh gnbvue ch

oh{h

Yhk Glerf e Thq

Kedbcbckh hw dn uzhw ke ukbh e tkeh vue keweaf

regeoer

Yhwbgbhce h gurwhr kh lhuwe whore h tkeh kh uwurbh

e ewghnjf we vuer yfrfr ke regeoer ukbh hu tkehLekbkf vue w fde{f h yryrbh uwu rbh

F hyh ke ezgnubr ul tkeh *z"

fyfrege whlec{e yfrf vuel

yhke {rfcwlb{br ch yhk

F ezgnuwh ke ul tkeh

fde{f {hkhw hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew

Yhk Glerf e Thq

Kedbcbckh hw dn uzhw ke ukbh e tkeh vue keweaf

regeoer

Gnbvue ch wlohnh kf glerf yfrf yfuwfr

*bc{errhlyer" h dnuzh ke tkeh kfvuene uwurbh

Gnbvue ch wlohnh kf gfbzf ke

whl yfrf bc{errhlyer h ukbh

kh uwurbhEwwf lukfcf ch fde{fr

hu{rhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew


47/109

;0


Jhw{ Fyrewec{fkhr Yfr{bgbyfc{e

Kebcbr ghcbùrfew kf

{rfcwlbwwh ke ukbh e tkeh

[rfcwlb{br ukbh e tkeh

Wenegbhcfr fw {rfcwlbwwew vuekeweafl regeoer

Ghc{rhnfr h fgewwh khwyfr{bgbyfc{ew fhw regurwhw ke{rfcwlbwwh

Bc{errhlyer f {rfcwlbwwh ke

yfr{bgbyfc{ew

[rfcwlb{br ukbh e tkeh. weregeoerel kbreb{hw ftfcfkhw khjhw{ yfrf h yhk ke glerf e thq

Hw jhw{w yhkel1

Kebcbr fw ghcbùrfew kf {rfcwlbwwh ke ukbh e tkeh=

[rfcwlb{br ukbh e tkeh=

Wenegbhcfr fw {rfcwlbwwew vue keweafl regeoer=

Ghc{rhnfr h fgewwh khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew fhw regurwhw ke {rfcwlbwwh=

Bc{errhlyer f {rfcwlbwwh ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew#

Hw fyrewec{fkhrew yhkel1

Kebcbr fw ghcbùrfew kf {rfcwlbwwh ke ukbh e tkeh=

[rfcwlb{br ukbh e tkeh=

Wenegbhcfr fw {rfcwlbwwew vue keweafl regeoer#

Hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew yhkel1[rfcwlb{br ukbh e tkeh. we regeoerel kbreb{hw ftfcfkhw kh jhw{ yfrf h yhkke glerf e thq=

Wenegbhcfr fw {rfcwlbwwew vue keweafl regeoer#


48/109

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Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke {enfw ke ghlyu{fkhr.khgulec{hw hu vufkrhw orfcghw

Hw jhw{w. fyrewec{fkhrew e yfr{bgbyfc{ew *fhw vufbwewwe kbreb{h {ecjf wbkh ghcgekbkh" uwfl h yhk keghlyfr{bnjflec{h yfrf ezbobr ghc{ekh yfrf hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew. ghlh1

B{ecw wenegbhcfkhw cf {enf ke weuw ghlyu{fkhrew.bcgnubckh ulf hu lfbw afcenfw foer{fw. ul hu lfbwfynbgf{bthw foer{hw hu {hkf f ref ke {rfofnjh#

Khgulec{hw ghlh fyrewec{few. frvubthw DNT. AYE@ hu el hu{rh hrlf{h#

Vufkrhw orfcghw ghl trbfw errflec{fw ke {ez{h e kewecjh# yhwwtenghlyfr{bnjfr vufkrhw orfcghw bckeyeckec{ew hu whoreyhw{hw. ezbobkhw whorehu{rh ghc{ekh ghlyfr{bnjfkh#

Hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew yhkel ezbobr hw khgulec{hw ghlyfr{bnjfkhw ch yhk keghlyfr{bnjflec{h. lfw ch yhkel ofbz,nhw el weuw ghlyu{fkhrew# Yfrf vue hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew yhwwfl ofbzfr khgulec{hw. ul jhw{ hu fyrewec{fkhr yregbwfgfrre`,nhw ch yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke frvubthw#

Vufckh ul ghc{ekh kbwyhcbobnbqfkh ch yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h. hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew teel h yhc{ebrh kh jhw{ hu h fyrewec{fkhr we lhteckh cf afcenf kh

yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h# Ew{f hyh jfobnb{fkf f{rftw kh lecuFyrewec{frGurwhrew kh Jhw{# [hkfw fw f{btbkfkew refnbqfkfw cf afcenf. chfynbgf{bth hu ch khgulec{h ghlyfr{bnjfkh yhkel wer tbw{fw yenhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew#

Hw fyrewec{fkhrew e jhw{w ketel bcw{fnfr h Fkk,Bc cf yrblebrf teq vue {ec{frelgfrre`fr fn`ul ghc{ekh hu ghlyfr{bnjfr ulf {enf# H Fkk,Bc ulf terwhewyegbfn kh Dnfwj Ynfer. ghl regurwhw fkbgbhcfbw yfrf jhw{w e fyrewec{fkhrew# HFkk,Bc herege wuyhr{e yfrf h gfrre`flec{h ke frvubthw ch wertbkhr e hghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke {enfw kurfc{e fw reucbew# Ene {flol herege wuyhr{efkbgbhcfn yfrf ukbh#

Ch{f1 We h weu cfte`fkhr {bter ul onhvuefkhr ke yhy,uyw f{btfkh. f gfbzf kekbnh`h yfrf ofbzfr h Fkk,Bc ch wer ezbobkf# Yfrf ghrrb`br ewwe yrhonelf.kewf{bte {elyhrfrbflec{e h onhvuefkhr ke yhy,uyw#


Derrflec{f lub{h {bn cfw reucbew. u{bnbqfkf yfrf

ghlyfr{bnjfr1

[enf kh ghlyu{fkhr

_ewhnuh wu`erbkf1 69?; z 04:

Khgulec{hw

Vufkrh orfcgh

H fyrewec{fkhr e h jhw{ ghc{r hnfl h yhk

Hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew w yhkel u{b nbq,nh vufckh regeoel

kbreb{hw ftfcfkhw hu wh yrhlhtbkhw


49/109

;2


Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h1 [enf LeuGhlyu{fkhr

Yfrf h ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke {enf kh ghlyu{fkhr1

Wenegbhce f hyh ref ke [rfofnjh. yfrfghlyfr{bnjfr {hkf f wuf ref ke {rfofnjh# Wejhuter lfbw ke ul lhcb{hr ghceg{fkh fh weughlyu{fkhr. ezbobkf ulf ref ke {rfofnjh yfrfgfkf lhcb{hr# Ewghnjf f ref ke {rfofnjh vuekeweaf ghlyfr{bnjfr#

Wenegbhce f hyh Afcenfw. yfrf ghlyfr{bnjfrulf hu lfbw afcenfw foer{fw ch weu ghlyu{fkhr#Ewghnjf f*w" afcenf*w" vue keweaf ghlyfr{bnjfr#

Wenegbhce f hyh Fynbgf{bthw. yfrf ghlyfr{bnjfrul fynbgf{bth e {hkfw fw afcenfw renfgbhcfkfw fene vue ew{bterel foer{fw ch weu ghlyu{fkhr#Ewghnjf h*w" fynbgf{bthw*w" vue keweafghlyfr{bnjfr#

Wuère,we f h{blbqfh kf nfrùrf ke ofckf f{rftw kh lecu _eucbh H{blbqfrghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke {enf#

Vufckh hu{rh fyrewec{fkhr whnbgb{f h ghc{rhne kf wuf{enf *gnbgfckh ch oh{h Whnbgb{fr ghc{rhne cf dfbzf keghc{rhne kh yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h". thg t ulflecwfèl ke whnbgb{fh ch gfc{h wuyerbhr kbreb{hkf afcenf kf wfnf ke reucbew# Ezegu{e ul khwyrhgekblec{hw fofbzh1

Gnbvue el Fgeb{fr. yfrf ghcgeker h ghc{rhne kfwuf {enf fh whnbgb{fc{e=

Gnbvue el _eaeb{fr. yfrf reguwfr h ghc{rhne kf

wuf {enf fh whnbgb{fc{e#

Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h1 [enf Leu

Ghlyu{fkhr

Yfrf ghlyfr{bnjfr f {enf kh ghlyu {fkhr kurfc{e f

reucbh. forf ul yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h el orfcgh

e ezegu{e ul khw yrhgekblec{hw f weùbr1

Gnbvue ch oh{h[enf Leu ghlyu{fkhr. ch lebh kh

yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h el orfcgh#

Gnbvue ch oh{hGhlyfr{bnjfr. cf dfbzf ke ghc{rhne kh

yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h#

Wenegbhce[enf Leu ghlyu{fkhrch lecu yhy,uy#

Cf afcenf Bcbgbfr ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke {enf. ewghnjfec{re ref ke {rfofnjh. Afcenfwhu Fynbgf{bthw

Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h1 [enf Leu

Ghlyu{fkhr

Gnbgfckh ch oh{h . f

{enf ghlyfr{bnjfkf

lhw{rfkf ch yhk yfrf h

fyrewec{fkhr

Hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew yhkel

hy{fr yhr fauw{fr h

ghc{ekh ezbobkh ch yhk

hu uwfr ofrrfw ke r hnfèl

Hu{rh fyrewec{fkhr hu jhw{

{flol yhke whnbgb{fr hghc{rhne kf {enf

Yfrf bc{errhlyer hghlyfr{bnjflec{h

gnbvue el Yfrfrghlyfr{bnjflec{h chyhk. cf afcenfghlyfr{bnjfkf huf{rftw kh ghce vuefyfrege cf ref kech{bbgfh kh Pbckhpw


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Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h1 Khgulec{hw

Yhke,we ghlyfr{bnjfr frvubthw YY[. YY[Z. WPD.AYE@. LY7 e DNT# Hw frvubthw wh gfrre`fkhw chwertbkhr yfrf werel ghlyfr{bnjfkhw# Yfrfghlyfr{bnjfr ofw{f gnbgfr ch oh{h Khgulec{hw hugnbgfr el Ghlyfr{bnjfrKhgulec{hw cf fbzf keghc{rhne kh yhk#

Hw frvubthw ghlyfr{bnjfkhw yhkel {er fw weùbc{ew

hrbècw1

Khgulec{hw yr,gfrre`fkhw=

Khgulec{hw wenegbhcfkhw kh weu ghlyu{fkhr=

Khgulec{hw wenegbhcfkhw kh reyhwb{rbh gec{rfnkh wertbh#


F hyh Wenegbhcfr kf

obonbh{egf ke ghc{ekhlhw{rf

ulf afcenf vue rederecgbf h

ghc{ekh kbwyhcten ch Fkhoe

Ghcceg{

H ghc{ekh erecgbfkh

f{rftw kf Fkhoe Ghcceg{

Gec{rfn


Fnùlfw hyew ew{h kbwyhctebw yfrf fuzbnbfr h

ghlyfr{bnjflec{h

Yhc{ebrh

Gjflfr f f{ech yfrf yhc{hw ewyegdbghw cf fyrewec{fh

ghlyfr{bnjfkf#

Ofrrf nf{erfnUwfkf yfrf cfte`fr ec{re hw wnbkew. lhw{rfr ch{fw e dfqer

ouwgfw# El fyrewec{few deb{fw ghl h Fkhoe Yrewec{er

yhwwten ghc{rhnfr f fyrewec{fh fu{hl{bgf#

F ofrrf nf{erfn fyfrege whlec{e vufckh f afcenf kf reucbh

ew{ lfzblbqfkf#


51/109

56


Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h1 Vufkrh orfcgh

We thg bc{errhlyer h ghlyfr{bnjflec{h. fn{erfr hghc{ekh ke ul yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h hu egjfr

h yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h. h vufkrh orfcghghc{bcufr fqeckh yfr{e kf wfnf ke reucbew eyhker wer ezbobkh chtflec{e# We thg ezgnubr ulyhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h. h vufkrh orfcgh werezgnukh kf wfnf ke reucbew#

Hw vufkrhw orfcghw yhkel wer whoreyhw{hw ffyrewec{few e khgulec{hw chw hrlf{hw YY[.YY[Z. AY@. WPD. DNT e DnfwjYfyer#


H vufkrh orfcgh yerlb{e grbfr {ez{hw. nbc jfw.

grgunhw. vufkrfkhw e hu{rfw dhrlfw lh nbtr e

kurfc{e fw reucbew#

Yfrf grbfr ul v ufkrh orfcgh. ofw{f gnbgfr ch oh{h

Vufkrh Orfcghhu gnbgfr el Ghlyfr{bnjfrVufkrh

Orfcghcf dfbzf ke ghc{rhne kh yhk#


H ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke vufkrh orfcgh yhk e we

fyrewec{fr ke khbw lh khw1

Bckeyeckec{e1

Yerlb{bckh vue hw fyrewec{fkhrew grbel ghc{ekhw el ul

duckh orfcgh#

Whoreyhw{h1

Yerlb{bckh vue hw fyrewec{fkhrew grbel ghc{ekhw whore

ul khgulec{h ezbobkh ch yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h#

Vufkrh orfcgh1Bckeyeckec{e ewhoreyhw{h


52/109

5?



Yhk Ch{fYhk Ch{f

U{bnbqfkh yfrf dfqer fch{few kurfc{e fw reucbew

Fw ch{fw yerlfcegel tbwtebw f{ werel ekb{fkfw.hgun{fkfw hu wuow{b{ukfw

Hw yhkw ke ch{fw wh lfc{bkhw lewlh vufckh wefn{erf h nfhu{. lfw {flol yhwwten grbfr ulf chtfch{f e uw,nf whlec{e el ul nfhu{

yhwwten fkbgbhcfr chtfw ch{fw ch lewlh yhkf{rftw kf hyh Chtf ch{f ch lecu kh yhk

Yfrf fn{ercfr ec{re fw ch{fw kf reucbh u{bnbqf,we fhyhWenegbhcfr ch{f

Yhk Ch{f

yhwwten ewghnjer h fnbcjflec{h kh {ez{h kfw ch{fwe h {flfcjh kf dhc{e uwfkf

F hyh Ch{f yhr e,lfbnfyfrege whlec{e yfrf h jhw{e ectbf h ghc{ekh k h yhk yfrf h e,lfbn gfkfw{rfkhch peoghcd#rcy#or

Dhrlfw ke u{bnbqfh kfw ch{fw1

Grbfr ulf fch{fh cbgf e yerlfcec{e. vue yhke wer

tbw{f yenhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew kurfc{e {hkf f reucbh

Grbfr trbfw ch{fw el ul cbgh yhk

Grbfr trbhw yhkw ke ch{f yfrf ezbobr kbderec{ew ch{fw


53/109

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Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke frvubthwYhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke frvubthw

Ch lecu YhkwGhlyfr{bnjflec{h ke frvubthwhw

jhw{w e fyrewec{fkhrew yhkel gfrre`fr frvubthw yfrf

werel ghlyfr{bnjfkhw ec{re hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew

Ul yfr{bgbyfc{e {flol yhke gfrre fr frvubthw

kewke vue h jhw{ nje ghcgekf h kbreb{h

Hw frvubthw yhkel wer gfrre`fkhw kf lvubcf kh

uwurbh hu kf obo nbh{egf kf wfnf ke reucbew

Fwwbl vue wh gfrre`fkhw. hw yfr{bgb yfc{ew yhkel

dfqer h khp cnhfk kewwew frvubthw yfrf fw yryrbfw

lvubcfw

Yhk Ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke frvubthw

Yfrf gfrre`fr ul frvubth gnbvue el Gfrre`fr frvubthw

Yfrf wfntfr ul frvub th. gnbvue el Wfntfr ch leughlyu{fkhr

yhwwten {flol rechlefr e relhter hw frvubthwgfrre`fkhw ch yhk


54/109

5;



Yhk Nbcmw cf PeoYhk Nbcmw cf Peo

H yhk Nbcmw cf Peo u{bnbqfkh vufckh h

fyrewec{fkhr hu jhw{ keweaf vue hw yfr{bg byfc{ew

teafl ul wb{e ewyegdbgh

Fh gnbgfr elCfte`fr f{. h Fkhoe Ghcceg{ dfq ghl

vue h cfte fkhr khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew forf h Ucbdhrl

_ewhurge Nhgf{hr *U_N" ewyegbdbgfkh

Chrlfnlec{e u{bnbqfkh cf ref ezgnuwbtf kh

fyrewec{fkhr

Yhk Nbcmw cf Peo

Yfrf u{bnbqfr h yhk. fkbgbhce h nbcm fh yhk

Vufckh vubwer vue ul nbcm weaf foer{h

fu{hlf{bgflec{e ch cfte`fkhr khw yfr{bgbyfc{ew.

ofw{f gnbgfr ch nbcm e keyhbw ch oh{h Cfte`fr f{


55/109

55


Yhk YewvubwfYhk Yewvubwf

Hw jhw{w yhkel uwfr h yhk ke yewvubwf yfrf grbfr

yer`uc{fw hu refnbqfr yewvubwfw ghl hw yfr{bgb yfc{ew

e {flol yfrf ter hw rewun{fkhw

Uwe h yhk ke yewvubwf yfrf1

Dfqer ulf ecvue{e

_egeoer deekofgm bcw{fc{ceh whore f fyrewec{fh

Bckf`fr fhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew whore f vufnbkfke kh

ghc{ekh. kf fyrewec{fh. khw fyrewec{fkhrew e{g

Ghnjer rewun{fkhw ke f{btbkfkew

Yhk Yewvubwf

Yfrf grbfr ulf yewvubwf fgewwe h

lecu YhkwYewvubwfChtf

yewvubwf

Ewghnjf ch yhk we ulf yewvubwf

ke ln{bynf ewghnjf *rewyhw{f

cbgf" hu ln{bynfw rewyhw{fw

Ch gflyh Yer uc{fkb`b{e f

yer`uc{f kf yewvubwf

Ch gflyh _ewyhw{fkb`b{e fw

hyew ke rewyhw{f. ulf yhr nbcjf

Yhk Yewvubwf

Yfrf bcbgbfr f yewvubwf gnbvue

el Forbr YewvubwfWhlec{e hw jhw{w e

fyrewec{fkhrew yhkel ekb{fr f

yewvubwf

Yfrf lhw{rfr hw rewun{fkhw

yfrf {hkhw hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew.

gnbvue el [rfcwlb{br rewun{fkhw

H oh{h Degjfr Yewvubwf

blyeke h yreecgjblec{h kf

yewvubwf


56/109

54



ref ezgnuwbtf yfrf jhw{w e fyrewec{fkhrew

Lfcbyunfh khw yhkw1

Hgun{fr e ezbobr=

Grbfr e relhter=

Lhter e kblecwbhcfr=

Lecu kh yhk#

ref ezgnuwbtf yfrf jhw{w efyrewec{fkhrew

H fyrewec{fkhr e h jhw{ ghc{fl ghl u lf ref

ezgnuwbtf yfrf lfcbyunfr hw yhkw el ulf reucbh

F ref ezgnuwbtf kh fyrewec{fkhr fgbhcfkf yenh jhw{ch oh{h ch gfc{h bcderbhr kbreb{h

ref ezgnuwbtf yfrf jhw{w efyrewec{fkhrew

Ew{f ref w yhke wer f{btfkf yenh fklbcbw{rfkhr.

elohrf h fyrewec{fkhr {ecjf fgewwh vufckh f{btf#

H fyrewec{fkhr ch ghcwe`ubr lhter hw yhkw cew{f

ref. weckh cegewwrbh h fuznbh ke ul jhw{#


57/109

50


Tbwh kh yerdbn ke Jhw{ kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{

@erecgbfckh fgewwh e ec{rfkfWhlec{e h jhw{ rewyhcwten yhr fgeb{fr hu reaeb{frf ec{rfkf ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew cf reucbh# Hfyrewec{fkhr ch regeoe ew{e kbreb{h#

F{rftw kh lecu _eucbh @erecgbfr fgewwh eec{rfkf h jhw{ {el fgewwh f fn`ucw ghc{rhnew1

Ghctbkfr yfr{bgbyfc{ew=

Onhvuefr chthw yfr{bgbyfc{ew=

Onhvuefr fgewwh ke ghctbkfkhw=

Wuwyecker yfr{bgbyfc{ew#

Tbwh kh yerdbn ke Jhw{ kh Fkhoe Ghcceg{

Wer fyrewec{fkf f tbwh ke gfkf yerdbn k e uwurbh kh

Fkhoe Ghcceg{

Fyrewec{frelhw f tbwh kh jhw{ *fklbcbw{rfkhr"

@erecgbfckh fgewwh e ec{rfkf

Ghctbkfr yfr{bgbyfc{ew

H jhw{ yhke u{bnbqfr h gnbec{e ke e,lfbn yfkrh kh weu

ghlyu{fkhr yfrf ghctbkfr fn ul yfr{bgbyfc{e


58/109

5:



Ofw{fc{e u{bnbqfkf yfrf fqer bc{ertfnhw#

Ew{f hyh fq ghl vue {hkhw hw yfr{bgbyfc{ewyrewec{ew cf wfnf weafl fu{hlf{bgflec{eyrhlhtbkhw f fyrewec{fkhrew#


Onhvuefr chthw yfr{bgbyfc{ew

Ulf lecwf el ghcdb urfkf yfrf fyfreger cf {enf ke

ec{rfkf kf reucbh# H yfr{bgbyfc{e yhke yerlb{br f

whnbgb{fh ke ec{rfkf hu ch# Uwurbhw re bw{rfkhw

yhkel fgewwfr#

H jhw{ yhke re{brfr h

oh{h Whnbgb{fr ec{rfkf

gnbgfckh fofbzh


Onhvuefr fgewwh ke ghctbkfkhw

Blyeke vufnvuer whnbgb{fh ke ec{rfkf cf wfnf# Whlec{euwurbhw ghl nh bc e wecjf yhkel fgewwfr f wfnf#

Wuwyecker yfr{bgbyfc{ew

Vufckh ew{f hyh wenegbhcfkf. hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew wh

wuwyecwhw kf wfnf ghl ulf lecwf el ghcdb urfkf e w dbgfl

fklbcbw{rfkhrew e fyrewec{fkhrew#

H ghce yerlb{e ter vufc{hw yfr{bgbyfc{ew ew{h

f ufrkfckh kh nfkh ke dhrf#


Yrhlhter fu{hlf{bgflec{e yfr{bgbyfc{ew f

fyrewec{fkhrew

Vufckh ew{f hyh ew{ wenegbhcfkf. {hkhw hw

yfr{bgbyfc{ew ec{rfl ghlh fyrewec{fkhrew# Yhke wer {bn

el reucbew welfcfbw. hcke {hkhw a ew{h dflbnbfrbqfkhw

ghl f derrflec{f#


59/109

52


@erecgbfckh yfr{bgbyfc{ew

H jhw{ yhke fn{erfr h cten khw yfr{bgbyfc{ewvufckh fgjfr fkevufkh=

Ghlh hw ghctbkfkhw ec{rfl cf wfnf ghlhyfr{bgbyfc{ew chrlfbw. hw fyrewec{fkhrewyregbwfl wer yrhlhtbkhw w wufw ucew=

Ul yfr{bgbyfc{e yhke wer yrhlhtbkh vufckhkeweafr ghnfohrfr ghl fn`ul ghc{ekh=

Nelorflhw vue w h jhw{ yhke yrhlhter ulyfr{bgbyfc{e#

H ghce Hyew kh yhkwe nhgfnbqf ch gfc{h bcerbhrkbreb{h ke gfkf yhk#


Hw yerdbw ke uwurbhw kedbcel fw yerlbwwew khw

uwurbhw el ulf reucbh

Jhw{w1

[l ghc{rhne {h{fn kf wfnf tbr{ufn#

Fyrewec{fkhrew1

Ghc{rhnfl h vue ew{ kbwyhcten cf wfnf e yhkel ectbfr

ukbh e tkeh#

Ch yhkel fkbgbhcfr yhkw e chthw ghc{ekhw hu fn{erfr h

nfhu{#

Yfr{bgbyfc{ew1

Whlec{e fwwbw{el f reucbh. yhkeckh fn{erfr weu w{f{uw hu

u{bnbqfr fw ducew ghcgekbkfw yenh jhw{#


F yrhlhh ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew

deb{f f{rftw kh yhk Nbw{f ke

yfr{bgbyfc{ew

Wenegbhce h chle kh yfr{bgbyfc{e

guaf duch thg keweaf fn{erfr#

Gnbvue ch oh{hKedbcbr duch kh

uwurbh ch gfc{h bcderbhr

ewvuerkh kh yhk e wenegbhce f

duch#


F{rftw kfw hyew kh yhk Nbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ewh jhw{

yhke fbckf1

Ekb{fr hw chlew vue fyfregel cf nbw{f

_elhter ul uwurbh kf reucbh. weckh ew{e ke vufnvuer

cten

Nblyfr h w{f{uw ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew wenegbhcfkhw hu ke {hkhw

wblun{fceflec{e

Ghcgeker fhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew kbreb{h ke uwh kh lbgrhdhce

Ghctbkfr yfr{bgbyfc{ew

Whnbgb{fr vue ul yfr{bgbyfc{e ghlyfr{bnje wuf {enf


60/109

49



Fu{hyrhlhh

H jhw{ yhke fn{erfr f wuf yryrbf uch f{rftw kh lecu Fyrewec{fr1Ewwf ulf uch bc{erewwfc{e. yhbw yerlb{e vue h jhw{ teaf h vue hwyfr{bgbyfc{ew ghl ucew kberec{ew ew{h teckh cf wfnf ke reucbew=

F{rftw kh yhk Nbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew w yhwwten reofbzfr f yryrbf uch=

Yfrf yrhlhter kete,we u{bnbqfr h lecu Fyrewec{fr#

Yrhlhteckh yfr{bgbyfc{ew

El ulf wb{ufh jbyh{{bgf. wuyhcjf vue h jhw{

{ecjf yrhlhtbkh h yfr{bgbyfc{e Dunfch f jhw{=

We Dunfch we reofbzfr f yfr{bgbyfc{e. ene fbckfyhke we fu{h,yrhlhter f jhw{=

Nh`h. yfrf re{brfr h yrbtbn`bh ke Dunfch. h jhw{kete reofbz,nh=

Yhr ezelynh. we Dunfch we fu{h,reofbzfr fyfr{bgbyfc{e. kete wer yrhlhtbkh e keyhbwreofbzfkh yfrf vue yergf h yrbtbn`bh#

Kbreb{hw ftfcfkhw

Yrhlhteckh yfr{bgbyfc{ew

yhwwten f{rboub r kbreb{hw ftfcfkhw yfrfyfr{bgbyfc{ew yfrf vue yhwwfl fgewwfr regurwhwewyegdbghw

Ewwe yrhgekblec{h fulec{f hw kbreb{hw ke ulyfr{bgbyfc{e. wel yrhlht,nh duch kefyrewec{fkhr hu jhw{#

{bn vufckh ul yfr{bgbyfc{e vuer dfqer fn ulfyer uc{f hu keweaf yfr{bgbyfr kf reucbh#

Yhke,we yerlb{br vue h yfr{bgbyfc{e ghlyfr{bnje weuukbh e tkeh hu ghnfohre ghl h vufkrh orfcgh#

Kbreb{hw ftfcfkhw

Yfrf f{rboub r kbr eb{hw ftfcfkhw u{bnb qf,we fw hyew

kh yhk Nbw{f ke yfr{bgbyfc{ew

Wenegbhce hw uwurbhw e f hyh keweafkf

Lecu Fyrewec{fr


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Whnbgb{fckh yfr{bgbyfc{ew

H jhw{ yhke ghcgeker kbreb{h ke lbgrhhce hu whnbgb{fr h ghlyfr{bnjflec{h kf {enfke ul yfr{bgbyfc{e. kebzfckh h gurwhr kh lhuwe whore h chle kh yfr{bgbyfc{e eewghnjeckh ulf kfw hyew1

Vufckh h lbgrhhce nboerfkh. h oh{h Ghcterwfrfyfrege yfrf hyfr{bgbyfc{e=

Vufckh whnbgb{fkh h ghlyfr{bnjflec{h ke {enf yfrf h yfr{bgbyfc{e. ew{e `fcjf h kbreb{h ke u{bnbqfr h yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h# Gfwh ch ew{eaf foer{h.ul chth yhk ke ghlyfr{bnjflec{h wur`e#

Whnbgb{f

ghlyfr{bnjflec{h

ke {enf

Ghcgeke kbreb{hfh lbgrhdhce


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@erecgbfckh Yhkw

@erecgbfckh nfrùrf ke ofckf

Ghcdbùrfh kf nfrùrf ke ofckf kf wfnf kereucbew

H jhw{ ghcbùrf f nfrùrf ke ofckf kf wfnf kereucbew yfrf kebcbr f tenhgbkfke *Mo(w" ghl vue hwkfkhw kf reucbh werh ectbfkhw fhw yfr{bgbyfc{ew#H jhw{ kete ewghnjer ulf nfrùrf ke ofckfghlyf{ten ghl f tenhgbkfke

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