Tuberias Simples

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    1/16

    UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE TAMAULIPAS

    FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA

    HIDRAULICA DE MAQUINAS TUBERIAS YTRANSISTORIOS

    CAPITULO 4

    RÁMIREZ PÉREZ CARLOS

    IZAGUIRRE NÚÑEZ JORGE LUIS

    ING. MARCOS CHI SILVA

    1

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    2/16

    INDICE

    Pree!"#$%&!

    '!(%$e

    ).* B&+,# e! %"e+# (e "-,er#

    )./ L!e# (e 0r#(%e!"e 1%(r2-3%$& e! %"e+# ,&+,#4"-,er#

    ).5 C-r6# (e -! %"e+# ,&+,#4"-,er#

    ).5.* C-r6# (e 3# ,&+,#

    ).5./ C-r6# (e3 %"e+#

    ).5.5 P-!"& (e &7er#$%8! (e 3# ,&+,#

    ).) L%+%"#$%&!e e! 3# #3"-r# (e -$$%8!

    ).9 B&+,# e! %"e+# (e "-,er#

    ).: B&+,# e! "-,er# %+73e

    REFERENCIAS

    2

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    3/16

    C#7%"-3& )

    ;B&+,# e! "-,er# %+73e<

    4.1 Bombas en sistemas de tuberías

    L# ,&+,# e %!$3-=e! e! -! %"e+# (e "-,er# 7#r# $&!6er"%r e!er0#+e$2!%$# >-+%!%"r#(# 7&r -! +e$#!%+& %+7-3&r? e! e!er0# 1%(r2-3%$#. E"#e!er0# #(%$%&!#3 7er+%"e "r#!+%"%r -! @3-%(& (e -! 3-0#r # &"r& $-#!(& !& e@#$"%,3e -e @3-=# 7&r 0r#6e(#( e3e6#r3& # $%er"# #3"-r# &,re 3# ,&+,# &re$%r$-3#r3& e! -! %"e+# $err#(&. E! 0e!er#3 e3 e@e$"& (e -!# ,&+,# e! -!%"e+# e %!$re+e!"#r 3# e!er0# "&"#3 e! -!# $#!"%(#( H $&+& e +-e"r# e! 3#@%0-r# ).*

    Figura 4.1 Efecto de una bomba en un sistema.

    De #$-er(& $&! 3# @&r+# (e - r&"&re >%+7-3&re? 3# ,&+,# r&"&(%!2+%$#e $3#%@%$#! e!

    B&+,# $e!"r%@-0# >@3-& r#(%#3? L3#+#(# # (#(& -e 3# $#,e# (e 7re%8! e0e!er#(# 7&r #$$%8! $e!"r@-0#. E3 r&(e"e e"2 @&r+#(& 7&r -!# er%e (e #7#$-r6# -,%$#(# e! #+,& 3#(& (e 3& 73#"&. E3 r&(e"e 0%r# (e!"r& (e 3# 6&3-"#$&+& e +-e"r# e! 3# @%0-r# ). E3 @3-& e!"r# # 3# ,&+,# # "r#6 (e3 $e!"r& - &&(e3 r&(e"e = e3 @3-%(& 0#!# e!er0# # +e(%(# -e 3# 7#3e"# (e3 r&(e"e 3&"r#!7&r"#! 1#$%# #@-er# e! (%re$$%8! r#(%#3. L# 6&3-"# 0e!er#3+e!"e "%e!e @&r+#(e $#r#$&3 7#r# 0e!er#r -! %!$re+e!"& 0r#(-#3 e! e3 2re# (e @3-& (e "#3 +#!er#

    3

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    4/16

    -e 3# e!er0# $%!"%$# # 3# #3%(# (e3 r&(e"e e $&!6%er"e e! $#,e# (e 7re%8! #3# #3%(#. E3 #0-# e!"r# # 3# ,&+,# e! @&r+# #%#3 7er& #3e %+7-3#(# e!(%re$$%8! r#(%#3.

    B&+,# (e @3-& #%#3 E3 3-%(& e!"r# e! (%re$$%8! #%#3 = 3# @-er# $e!"r@-0# !& -e0# !%!0! 7#7e3 e! 3# 0e!er#$%8! (e 3# $#,e#. E3 +&6%+%e!"& 1e3%$&%(#3%+7#r"%(& 7&r e3 r&(e"e #3 @3-%(& e $&!"r#rre"#(& 7&r 3& 23#,e @%& = 3# (e$#r0#e e!$-e!"r# !-e6#+e!"e e! 3# (%re$$%8! #%#3.

    4

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    5/16

    E3 2!0-3& (e %!$3%!#$%8! (e 3# #7# "%e!e 0r#! %!@3-e!$%# &,re 3# $#!"%(#((e$#r0#(# # +e!&r 2!0-3& +e!&r $#!"%(#( 7#r# -!# 6e3&$%(#( (#(#.

    L# ,&+,# (e @3-& #%#3 0e!er#3+e!"e e -,%$#! -7e!(%(# &,re e3 7&& (e-$$%8! $&! 3# $#+7#!# (e -$$%8! = e3 r&(e"e -+er0%(&.

    E3 r&"&r "%e!e 3# @&r+# (e -! 7r&7-3&r (e ,#r$&.

     E3 #0-# e!"r# = #3e (e 3# ,&+,# e! (%re$$%8! #%#3.

    B&+,# (e @3-& +%"& E3 #0-# e!"r# # 3# ,&+,# e! (%re$$%8! #%#3 = #3e $&!$&+7&!e!"e (e 6e3&$%(#( "#!"& e! (%re$$%8! #%#3 $&+& e! (%re$$%8! r#(%#3.

    5

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    6/16

    P#r# 3# +%+# 7&"e!$%# (e e!"r#(# = 7#r# %0-#3 e@%$%e!$%# 3# ,&+,# $e!"r%@-0#e $#r#$"er%#! 7&r 7ree!"#r -!# 7re%8! re3#"%6#+e!"e #3"# $&! -! $#-(#3 ,#&3# ,&+,# (e @3-& #%#3 0e!er#! -! $#-(#3 #3"& = 7re%8! ,## = 3# (e @3-& +%"&"%e!e! r#!0& %!"er+e(%& (e 3& (& $#& #!"er%&re.

    T#3e "%7& (e ,&+,# 7-e(e! (e@%!%re -"%3%#!(& e3 %0-%e!"e 7#r2+e"r& 33#+#(&;Ve3&$%(#( e7e$@%$#< >N? e7re#(& $&+&

     Ns= NQ

    0.5

     H 0.75

    D8!(e

    QK C#-(#3 e7re#(& e! >07+?

    HKA3"-r# 7%e&+"r%$# e! F".

    NK Ve3&$%(#( r&"#$%&!#3 e! >r7+?

    L# e7re%8! 7#r# 3# 6e3&$%(#( e7e$@%$# e e!$-e!"r# "e!%e!(& e! $-e!"#$&!%(er#$%&!e (e %+%3%"-( (%!2+%$# -!"& $&! 3# "$!%$# (e #!23%%(%+e!%&!#3. D%$1# 6e3&$%(#( e7e$@%$# e 7-e(e %!"er7re"#r $&+& 3# 6e3&$%(#( e!re6&3-$%&!e 7&r +%!-"& 7#r# 3# $-#3 +&(e3& %+%3#re # 7r&"&"%7& (e 3#(%@ere!"e $3#e (e ,&+,# &7er#r#! 7#r# +&6er -! $#-(#3 -!%"#r%&.

    E! 3# %0-%e!"e "#,3# e +-e"r# -!# $3#%@%$#$%8! 0e!er#3 (e 3# ,&+,#

    r&"&(%!2+%$# "&+#!(& $&+& $r%"er%& 3# 6e3&$%(#( e7e$%@%$#.T%7& (e ,&+,# R#!0& (e NCe!"r%@-0# 9 # /F3-& +%"& / # F3-& #%#3 # *9

    P#r# -! (%e& (e ,&+,# (#(& 3# 6e3&$%(#( e7e$%@%$# 7-e(e $#+,%#re % e#-+e!"# & (%+%!-=e 3# 6e3&$%(#( (e r&"#$%8! (e 3# ,&+,# (#(& 3# 6e3&$%(#(e7e$%@%$# 7-e(e $#+,%#re e #-+e!"# & (%+%!-=e 3# 6e3&$%(#( (e r&"#$%8! (e 3#

    ,&+,# $-=& 6#3&re "7%$& e"2! (#(& 7&r 3# 6e3&$%(#(e (e 3& +&"&re )9 * = 5: r7+.

    P#r# e3e$$%&!#r 3# 6e3&$%(#( (e3 +&"&r -e +e&r e #(#7"e # -!# (e"er+%!#(#,&+,# e (e,e! ,#3#!$e#r (& @#$"&re &7-e"& 7&r -! 3#(& -!# #3"# 6e3&$%(#((e r&"#$%8! = 7r&,3e+# (e $#6%"#$%8! = "r#!%e!"e 1%(r2-3%$&.

    4.2 Línea de gradiente hidráulico en sistemas bomba-tubería

    6

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    7/16

    L# 7ree!$%# (e ,&+,# e! %"e+# (e "-,er# #@e$"# 3# 3!e# (e e!er0# "&"#3= 7%e&+"r%$# (e3 @3-& =# -e 3# ,&+,# &! +2-%!# 1%(r2-3%$# $-=& &,e"%6&e $&!6er"%r e!er0# +e$2!%$# (e r&"#$%8! e! e!er0# $%!"%$# & 7&"e!$%#3 (e3 @3-%(&(e!"r& (e3 %"e+#. E3 e@e$"& (e (%$1# $&!6er%8! e ##(%r e!er0# 7&r -!%(#( (e7e& #3 @3-& #-+e!"& -e e (e"e$"#(& 7&r 3& +#!8+e"r& #0-# #rr%,# = #0-#

    (e,#& (e 3# ,&+,#. E! $&!e$-e!$%# e3 #-+e!"& (e e!er0# e re@3e# e! 3##3"-r# +#!&+"r%$# e! $#(# 7-!"& #@e$"2!(&e # 3# @&r+# = 3# 7e!(%e!"e (e 3#3!e# +e!$%&!#(#.

    E! 3# %0-%e!"e %+#0e! e +-e"r# 3& #!"er%&r+e!"e (e$r%"& -!# ,&+,# $&3&$#(#e! -! %"e+# (e "-,er# %+73e. L# ,&+,# ##(e e!er0# #3 @3-& = 7&r $&!%0-%e!"e e3e6# 3# 3!e# (e e!er0# "&"#3 = (e 0r#(%e!"e 1%(r2-3%$&.

    P#r# 3& $-#3 "e!e+& 3# %0-%e!"e e$-#$%&!e

    7

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    8/16

    E! (&!(e

     =

    L-e0&

     A 7#r"%r (e e"# 3"%+# e$-#$%8! e 7-e(e re(-$%r "e!%e!(& $&+& $&!%0-%e!"e

    D&!(e HTK A3"-r# "&7&0r2@%$# -e (e,e er 6e!$%(# 7&r 3# ,&+,#.

    4.3 Curvas de un sistema bomba-tubería

    4.3.1 curvas de la bomba

    L# $-r6# (e $#-(#3 $&!"r# #3"-r# 7%e&+"r%$# "&"#3 = $&!"r# e@%$%e!$%# &!-+%!%"r#(# 0e!er#3+e!"e 7&r 3& @#,r%$#!"e (e 3# ,&+,# e! e3 %0-%e!"eee+73& (e >Q 6 H? e $&!&$e $&+& 3# $-r6# (e 3# ,&+,#.

    8

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    9/16

    E-e+# (e 3# $-r6# (e 3# ,&+,# = (e e@%$%e!$%#.

    P&r 3& 0e!er#3 3# $-r6# (e $#-(#3 $&!"r# 3# #3"-r# 7%e&+"r%$# "&"#3 >H? >C-r6#(e 3# ,&+,#? 7#r# -!# ,&+,# $e!"r%@-0# e 7-e(e e7re#r (e 3# %0-%e!"e @&r+#@-!$%&!#3

    L& $&e@%$%e!"e A B = C 7-e(e! er $#3$-3#(& "&+#!(& "re 7-!"& >Q H?7r&7&r$%&!#(& 7&r 3# $-r6# (e3 @#,r%$#!"e.

    L# 7&"e!$%# $&!-+%(# 7&r -!# ,&+,# $-#!(& e"2 e!6%#!(& -! $#-(#3 Q >e!+5? $&! -!# #3"-r# 7%e&+"r%$# H+ >+"? $&! -!# e@%$%e!$%# $&!-!"# ,&+,#4+&"&r e

    4.3.2 Curvas del sistema

    U"%3%#!(& 3# e$-#$%8! (e $&!er6#$%8! (e 3# e!er0# 7#r# e3 %"e+# ,&+,#4"-,er# e &,"%e!e

    9

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    10/16

    K

     A3 @#$"&r%#r 3# #3"-r# (e 6e3&$%(#( &,"e!e+&

    F%!#3+e!"e #3 ree+73##r 3# 6e3&$%(#( 7&r e3 $#-(#3 e &,"%e!e

    P#r# $&!"r-%r 3# $-r6# (e3 %"e+# e3 (%e#(&r (e 3# ,&+,# e3e$$%&!# -!# er%e(e 6#3&re (e H+ = (e 3# e$-#$%8! #!"er%&r &,"%e!e 3& 6#3&re $&rre7&!(%e!"e(e3 $#-(#3 3& $-#3 3& 33e6# # -!# 0r2@%$# = "r## 3# $-r6# (e3 %"e+#.

    4.3.3 Punto de operacin de la bomba

    E3 7-!"& (e &7er#$%8! e e3 $#-(#3 -e e"2 %e!(& e!6%#(& = 3# #3"-r# (%!2+%$#-+%!%"r#(# 7&r 3# ,&+,#. D%$1& 7-!"& (e &7er#$%8! e e3 $&r"e (e 3# (& $-r6##!"er%&re.

    P-!"& (e &7er#$%8! (e 3# ,&+,# e e3 $r-$e e!"re 3# $-r6# (e 3# ,&+,# = (e3%"e+# e! -e e"# e e!$-e!"r# &7er#!(&.

    4.4 Limitaciones en la altura de succin

    10

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    11/16

    P#r# 3# ,&+,# e3 @e!8+e!& (e $#6%"#$%8! 7-e(e &$-rr%r "#!"& e! 3# "-,er# (e-$$%8! $&+& e! 3& #3#,e (e3 %+7-3&r (e,%(& # -e e! e& 3-0#re 3# 7re%8!7&(r# 33e0#r # er +e!&r -e 3# #"+&@r%$#. E"& e 7#r"%$-3#r+e!"e 7r&,#,3e$-#!(& e "r#"# (e ,&+,# 3&$#3%#(# 7&r e!$%+# (e3 !%6e3 (e -$$%8!. L#$#6%"#$%8! #(e+2 (e 7r&(-$%r (#& @%$& "#+,%! 7-e(e re(-$%r e3 $#-(#3

    (e$#r0#(&.

    Se re7ree!"# 3# #3"-r# >e!er0# 7&"e!$%#3 (e 7re%8! 7&r -!%(#( (e 7e&?

     NPSH = Ps− pv

     pg

    L-e0& e "%e!e

    D8!(e

    P#K Pre%8! #"+&@r%$# #,&3-"#.

    P6K Pre%8! (e 6#7&r.

    HK #3"-r# +#!&+"r%$# (e -$$%8!.

    E"# #3"-r# e 7-e(e +e$3#r $&! 3# %0-%e!"e e$-#$%8!

     A $&!"%!-#$%8! e +-e"r# -! e-e+# (e 3# "-,er# (e -$$%8! e! -! %"e+#,&+,#4"-,er#.

    11

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    12/16

    D8!(e

    1 re7ree!"# 3# #3"-r# (e3 r&"&r (e 3# ,&+,# $&! re7e$"& #3 !%6e3 (e3 #0-# e! e3"#!-e & e+,#3e (e(e (&!(e e -$$%&!# e3 $#-(#3.

    1+e re7ree!"# 3# 7er(%(# +e!&re $#-#(# # 3# e!"r#(# (e 3# "-,er# (e-$$%8!.

    H@ re7ree!"# 3# 7er(%(# 7&r @r%$$%8! e! 3# "-,er# (e -$$%8!.

    V  2s

    2 g  e 3# #3"-r# (e 6e3&$%(#( e! e"# +%+# "-,er#.

    H e 3# #3"-r# +#!&+"r%$# (e -$$%8!.

    4.! Bombas en sistemas de tuberías

    C-#!(& e "e!0# 3# !e$e%(#( (e $&3&$#r -!# ,&+,# e! -! %"e+# (e "-,er# e7-e(e 33e0#r # +3"%73e #3"er!#"%6# (e &3-$%&!e 1%(r2-3%$#. A +e(%(# -e e

    (%+%!-=e e3 (%2+e"r& (e 3# "-,er# 3# ,&+,# re-er%(# er2 (e +#=&r 7&"e!$%#.P#r# e3 (%e& (e "-,er# 7re(&+%!# e3 @#$"&r e$&!8+%$&. E! 3# 0r2@%$#%0-%e!"e e e-e+#"%# e3 7r&$e& 7#r# e!$&!"r#r @#$"&re 87"%+&. L& $&"&(e,e! %!$3-%r

    C&"& (e 3# "-,er# A,#r$#! e3 $&"& +#"er%#3 (e 3# "-,er# (e(e -#$$e&r%& = 6236-3# = 3& $&"& (e e$#6#$%8! % e3 %"e+# 6# e!"err#(&.

    12

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    13/16

    C&"& (e 3# ,&+,# I!$3-=e! e3 $&"& (e 3# ,&+,# e! (e - %!"#3#$%&!e =3& $&"& (e &7er#$%8!.

    V#r%#$%8! (e3 $&"& e! @-!$%8! (e3 (%2+e"r&

    V#r%#$%8! (e3 $&"& e! @-!$%8! (e 3# 7&"e!$%#

    P#r# &,"e!er e3 7-!"& 87"%+& e$&!8+%$& e "&+#r# #-e3 -e #rr&e +e!&r $&"&7#r# 3# $&+,%!#$%8! ,&+,#4%"e+# (e "-,er# e (e,e! -+#r 3# (& $-r6##!"er%&re. S% 3# (& $-r6# #!"er%&re e $&+,%!#! e &,"%e!e e3 %0-%e!"ee-e+# e! (&!(e e "%e!e e! $-e!"# e3 $#-(#3 (e (%e&.

    13

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    14/16

    4." Bombas en tuberías simples

    S%e+7re -e e (%ee -! %"e+# (e "-,er# %+73e $&! ,&+,e& e3 !+er& (e$&+,%!#$%&!e 7&%,3e ,&+,#4"-,er# (e,e er #3"&. L# $&+,%!#$%&!e e7ree!"#! (e @&r+# -e "-,er# (e (%2+e"r& 7e-e& re-%er#! 7&"e!"e,&+,# = 6%$e6er#. E3 (%e& $&!%"e e! e3e$$%&!#r 3# #3"er!#"%6# 87"%+# (e(e

    e3 7-!"& (e 6%"# (e $&"&.P#r# e3e$$%&!#r e"# #3"er!#"%6# e !e$e#r%& $&!"r-%r 3# $-r6# (e3 %"e+#7#r# "&(& 3& 7&%,3e (%2+e"r& +e(%#!"e -!# (e 3# e$-#$%&!e #!"er%&re

    E! e3 $-#3 e ,-$#r# 6#r%#r e3 $#-(#3 7#r# $#(# (%2+e"r& $&! e3 @%! (e &,"e!er 6#r%& 7-!"& = 7&(er 1#$er $&+7#r#$%&!e e!"re 3& $&"& (e $#(# $&+,%!#$%8!

    7r&7-e"#. E! e"e #!23%% 1#= -e %!$3-%r 3& $&"& (e &7er#$%8! =+#!"e!%+%e!"& (e 3# ,&+,# 7&r 3& $-#3 e"# (e,e "e!er -!# #3"# e@%$%e!$%# 7#r# e37-!"& (e &7er#$%8! >Q( H+r?.

     A $&!"%!-#$%8! e +-e"r# e3 (%#0r#+# (e @3-& 7#r# 3# e3e$$%8! (e 3#$&+,%!#$%8! 87"%+# ,&+,#4"-,er# & "#+,%! $&!&$%(# $&+& 3# +e"&(&3&0# (eH#e!4%33%#+.

    14

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    15/16

    15

  • 8/18/2019 Tuberias Simples

    16/16

    REFERENCIAS

    ESCUELA DE INGENIERIA DE ANTIOQUIA A$#(e+%# (e +e$2!%$# (e F3-%(& =re$-r& 1%(r#-3%$& >P#0%!# e,?

    1""7@3-%(&.e%#.e(-.$&31%(r#-3%$#0-%#,&+,#B&+,#.1"+3

    16