UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DOS VALES DO JEQUITINHONHA E MUCURI
FACULDADE DE CIEcircNCIAS BIOLOacuteGICAS E DA SAUacuteDE
DEPARTAMENTO DE EDUCACcedilAtildeO FIacuteSICA
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
Diamantina
2011
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DOS VALES DO JEQUITINHONHA E MUCURI
FACULDADE DE CIEcircNCIAS BIOLOacuteGICAS E DA SAUacuteDE
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
Orientador
Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim
Trabalho de Conclusatildeo de Curso apresentado
ao Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica como
parte dos requisitos exigidos para a conclusatildeo
do curso
Diamantina
2011
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
Orientador
Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim
Trabalho de Conclusatildeo de Curso apresentado ao
Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica como parte dos
requisitos exigidos para a conclusatildeo do curso
APROVADO em 20062001
_______________________________
Prof Fernando Joaquim Gripp ndash UFVJM
_______________________________
Ms Nuacutebia Carelli Pereira de Avelar ndash UFVJM
_______________________________
Prof Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim ndash UFVJM
DEDICATOacuteRIA
Dedico esse trabalho ao meu paizinho e minha
matildeezinha por serem as pessoas mais fieacuteis agrave
minha vida e ao meu amor
AGRADECIMENTOS
Agradeccedilo agrave Deus acima de tudo por iluminar minha vida sempre por ter me
ajudado a ter forccedilas nesses anos de luta aleacutem de colocar inuacutemeras chances incriacuteveis no meu
caminho e pessoas super especiais que ficaratildeo comigo para o resto da vida
Aos meus papai e mamatildee pois sem eles natildeo estaria onde estou nem seria quem
sou porque foram eles que com sacrifiacutecio luta e muito trabalho me criaram para que eu
possa fazer tudo agravequilo que acredito e me ensinaram a tomar as melhores decisotildees para
minha vida Aos meus irmatildeos Diego Lucas Isaac e Juacutelia pelo carinho e amor por toda vida
de convivecircncia Amo muito vocecircs
Aos familiares que por serem muito natildeo falarei os nomes para natildeo causar
confusotildees por sempre me incentivarem e quererem que eu faccedila o melhor para minha vida
dando muito apoio e bons conselhos
Ao meu amigo orientador Fabiano Amorim pela paciecircncia e por ter me dedicado
tempo e atenccedilatildeo nessa jornada de aprendizado que estaacute apenas comeccedilando Agradeccedilo pelos
puxotildees de orelha mas principalmente por tudo que me ensinou em todos os momentos que
estaacutevamos proacuteximos ou ateacute mesmo por e-mail porque essa eacute sua essecircncia ensinar em
qualquer situaccedilatildeo
A todos os professores da UFVJM que participaram da minha formaccedilatildeo em
especial Marco Fabriacutecio Fernando e Etel pois sem eles natildeo teria crescido tanto quanto
acho que cresci nesses poucos anos de convivecircncia
Aos colegas de LAFIEX Fabriacutecio Mariana Pacircmela Viniacutecius Liacutevia Tamiris e
todos os outros membros do grupo por me ajudarem bastante em todos os momentos de
coleta analise e escrita desse TCC
Aos colegas de sala por esses quatro anos de convivecircncia me ensinando novas
coisas e me ajudando sempre que precisei Em especial ao Charlie Hugo Dayvit e Sidney
por serem meus irmatildeos de Diamantina
A todos que de forma direta ou indireta me ajudaram ateacute aqui como Lamon que
foi muito importante e especial nessa fase da minha vida Obrigada a todos vocecircs
EPIacuteGRAFE
O talento precisa ser trabalhado
A vocaccedilatildeo natildeo sobrevive sem que nossas
Cabeccedilas se curvem sobre livros e livros
A coragem tem que encher o peito
A vontade tem que pulsar na veia
A cabeccedila precisa estar aberta ao aprendizado
Por mais que estudemos sabemos pouco
Perto do que saberemos E jamais tudo
Tudo a nossa volta pode nos ensinar algo
Estaacute formando eacute um grande contentamento
Mas natildeo encerra a busca
Por aperfeiccediloamento profissional
Muito menos o ideal da profissatildeo
Fazer o maacuteximo pelo proacuteximo
(Autor desconhecido)
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
SUMAacuteRIO
TIacuteTULO 8
RESUMO 9
INTRODUCcedilAtildeO 10
MATERIAIS E MEacuteTODOS 12
Amostra 12
Procedimentos 12
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica 14
RESULTADOS 16
DISCUSSAtildeO E CONCLUSAtildeO 17
REFEREcircNCIAS 20
AGRADECIMENTOS 23
LEGENDA PARA FIGURAS 24
FIGURAS 25
ANEXO A 27
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO51
8
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
PF Aguiar1 F Paula
2 M A Matos
2 P F Sampaio
3 VO Ottoni
3 M F Dias- Peixoto
1
E Rocha- Vieira4 F T Amorim
1
1 Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
2 Programa Multicecircntrico de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Ciecircncias Fisioloacutegicas Universidade
Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
3 Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
4 Departamento de Ciecircncias Baacutesicas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
Autor Correspondente P F Aguiar Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Laboratoacuterio de Fisiologia do Exerciacutecio Campus JK - DiamantinaMG Rodovia
MGT 367 - Km 583 nordm 5000 - Alto da Jacuba Telefone +55 (38) 3532-1200 e (38) 3532-
600 E-mail aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Palavras-Chave exerciacutecio consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio protocolo de rampa
Tiacutetulo corrente Protocolo de rampa e inclinaccedilatildeo
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DOS VALES DO JEQUITINHONHA E MUCURI
FACULDADE DE CIEcircNCIAS BIOLOacuteGICAS E DA SAUacuteDE
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
Orientador
Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim
Trabalho de Conclusatildeo de Curso apresentado
ao Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica como
parte dos requisitos exigidos para a conclusatildeo
do curso
Diamantina
2011
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
Orientador
Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim
Trabalho de Conclusatildeo de Curso apresentado ao
Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica como parte dos
requisitos exigidos para a conclusatildeo do curso
APROVADO em 20062001
_______________________________
Prof Fernando Joaquim Gripp ndash UFVJM
_______________________________
Ms Nuacutebia Carelli Pereira de Avelar ndash UFVJM
_______________________________
Prof Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim ndash UFVJM
DEDICATOacuteRIA
Dedico esse trabalho ao meu paizinho e minha
matildeezinha por serem as pessoas mais fieacuteis agrave
minha vida e ao meu amor
AGRADECIMENTOS
Agradeccedilo agrave Deus acima de tudo por iluminar minha vida sempre por ter me
ajudado a ter forccedilas nesses anos de luta aleacutem de colocar inuacutemeras chances incriacuteveis no meu
caminho e pessoas super especiais que ficaratildeo comigo para o resto da vida
Aos meus papai e mamatildee pois sem eles natildeo estaria onde estou nem seria quem
sou porque foram eles que com sacrifiacutecio luta e muito trabalho me criaram para que eu
possa fazer tudo agravequilo que acredito e me ensinaram a tomar as melhores decisotildees para
minha vida Aos meus irmatildeos Diego Lucas Isaac e Juacutelia pelo carinho e amor por toda vida
de convivecircncia Amo muito vocecircs
Aos familiares que por serem muito natildeo falarei os nomes para natildeo causar
confusotildees por sempre me incentivarem e quererem que eu faccedila o melhor para minha vida
dando muito apoio e bons conselhos
Ao meu amigo orientador Fabiano Amorim pela paciecircncia e por ter me dedicado
tempo e atenccedilatildeo nessa jornada de aprendizado que estaacute apenas comeccedilando Agradeccedilo pelos
puxotildees de orelha mas principalmente por tudo que me ensinou em todos os momentos que
estaacutevamos proacuteximos ou ateacute mesmo por e-mail porque essa eacute sua essecircncia ensinar em
qualquer situaccedilatildeo
A todos os professores da UFVJM que participaram da minha formaccedilatildeo em
especial Marco Fabriacutecio Fernando e Etel pois sem eles natildeo teria crescido tanto quanto
acho que cresci nesses poucos anos de convivecircncia
Aos colegas de LAFIEX Fabriacutecio Mariana Pacircmela Viniacutecius Liacutevia Tamiris e
todos os outros membros do grupo por me ajudarem bastante em todos os momentos de
coleta analise e escrita desse TCC
Aos colegas de sala por esses quatro anos de convivecircncia me ensinando novas
coisas e me ajudando sempre que precisei Em especial ao Charlie Hugo Dayvit e Sidney
por serem meus irmatildeos de Diamantina
A todos que de forma direta ou indireta me ajudaram ateacute aqui como Lamon que
foi muito importante e especial nessa fase da minha vida Obrigada a todos vocecircs
EPIacuteGRAFE
O talento precisa ser trabalhado
A vocaccedilatildeo natildeo sobrevive sem que nossas
Cabeccedilas se curvem sobre livros e livros
A coragem tem que encher o peito
A vontade tem que pulsar na veia
A cabeccedila precisa estar aberta ao aprendizado
Por mais que estudemos sabemos pouco
Perto do que saberemos E jamais tudo
Tudo a nossa volta pode nos ensinar algo
Estaacute formando eacute um grande contentamento
Mas natildeo encerra a busca
Por aperfeiccediloamento profissional
Muito menos o ideal da profissatildeo
Fazer o maacuteximo pelo proacuteximo
(Autor desconhecido)
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
SUMAacuteRIO
TIacuteTULO 8
RESUMO 9
INTRODUCcedilAtildeO 10
MATERIAIS E MEacuteTODOS 12
Amostra 12
Procedimentos 12
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica 14
RESULTADOS 16
DISCUSSAtildeO E CONCLUSAtildeO 17
REFEREcircNCIAS 20
AGRADECIMENTOS 23
LEGENDA PARA FIGURAS 24
FIGURAS 25
ANEXO A 27
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO51
8
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
PF Aguiar1 F Paula
2 M A Matos
2 P F Sampaio
3 VO Ottoni
3 M F Dias- Peixoto
1
E Rocha- Vieira4 F T Amorim
1
1 Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
2 Programa Multicecircntrico de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Ciecircncias Fisioloacutegicas Universidade
Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
3 Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
4 Departamento de Ciecircncias Baacutesicas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
Autor Correspondente P F Aguiar Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Laboratoacuterio de Fisiologia do Exerciacutecio Campus JK - DiamantinaMG Rodovia
MGT 367 - Km 583 nordm 5000 - Alto da Jacuba Telefone +55 (38) 3532-1200 e (38) 3532-
600 E-mail aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Palavras-Chave exerciacutecio consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio protocolo de rampa
Tiacutetulo corrente Protocolo de rampa e inclinaccedilatildeo
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
Orientador
Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim
Trabalho de Conclusatildeo de Curso apresentado ao
Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica como parte dos
requisitos exigidos para a conclusatildeo do curso
APROVADO em 20062001
_______________________________
Prof Fernando Joaquim Gripp ndash UFVJM
_______________________________
Ms Nuacutebia Carelli Pereira de Avelar ndash UFVJM
_______________________________
Prof Fabiano Trigueiro Amorim ndash UFVJM
DEDICATOacuteRIA
Dedico esse trabalho ao meu paizinho e minha
matildeezinha por serem as pessoas mais fieacuteis agrave
minha vida e ao meu amor
AGRADECIMENTOS
Agradeccedilo agrave Deus acima de tudo por iluminar minha vida sempre por ter me
ajudado a ter forccedilas nesses anos de luta aleacutem de colocar inuacutemeras chances incriacuteveis no meu
caminho e pessoas super especiais que ficaratildeo comigo para o resto da vida
Aos meus papai e mamatildee pois sem eles natildeo estaria onde estou nem seria quem
sou porque foram eles que com sacrifiacutecio luta e muito trabalho me criaram para que eu
possa fazer tudo agravequilo que acredito e me ensinaram a tomar as melhores decisotildees para
minha vida Aos meus irmatildeos Diego Lucas Isaac e Juacutelia pelo carinho e amor por toda vida
de convivecircncia Amo muito vocecircs
Aos familiares que por serem muito natildeo falarei os nomes para natildeo causar
confusotildees por sempre me incentivarem e quererem que eu faccedila o melhor para minha vida
dando muito apoio e bons conselhos
Ao meu amigo orientador Fabiano Amorim pela paciecircncia e por ter me dedicado
tempo e atenccedilatildeo nessa jornada de aprendizado que estaacute apenas comeccedilando Agradeccedilo pelos
puxotildees de orelha mas principalmente por tudo que me ensinou em todos os momentos que
estaacutevamos proacuteximos ou ateacute mesmo por e-mail porque essa eacute sua essecircncia ensinar em
qualquer situaccedilatildeo
A todos os professores da UFVJM que participaram da minha formaccedilatildeo em
especial Marco Fabriacutecio Fernando e Etel pois sem eles natildeo teria crescido tanto quanto
acho que cresci nesses poucos anos de convivecircncia
Aos colegas de LAFIEX Fabriacutecio Mariana Pacircmela Viniacutecius Liacutevia Tamiris e
todos os outros membros do grupo por me ajudarem bastante em todos os momentos de
coleta analise e escrita desse TCC
Aos colegas de sala por esses quatro anos de convivecircncia me ensinando novas
coisas e me ajudando sempre que precisei Em especial ao Charlie Hugo Dayvit e Sidney
por serem meus irmatildeos de Diamantina
A todos que de forma direta ou indireta me ajudaram ateacute aqui como Lamon que
foi muito importante e especial nessa fase da minha vida Obrigada a todos vocecircs
EPIacuteGRAFE
O talento precisa ser trabalhado
A vocaccedilatildeo natildeo sobrevive sem que nossas
Cabeccedilas se curvem sobre livros e livros
A coragem tem que encher o peito
A vontade tem que pulsar na veia
A cabeccedila precisa estar aberta ao aprendizado
Por mais que estudemos sabemos pouco
Perto do que saberemos E jamais tudo
Tudo a nossa volta pode nos ensinar algo
Estaacute formando eacute um grande contentamento
Mas natildeo encerra a busca
Por aperfeiccediloamento profissional
Muito menos o ideal da profissatildeo
Fazer o maacuteximo pelo proacuteximo
(Autor desconhecido)
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
SUMAacuteRIO
TIacuteTULO 8
RESUMO 9
INTRODUCcedilAtildeO 10
MATERIAIS E MEacuteTODOS 12
Amostra 12
Procedimentos 12
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica 14
RESULTADOS 16
DISCUSSAtildeO E CONCLUSAtildeO 17
REFEREcircNCIAS 20
AGRADECIMENTOS 23
LEGENDA PARA FIGURAS 24
FIGURAS 25
ANEXO A 27
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO51
8
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
PF Aguiar1 F Paula
2 M A Matos
2 P F Sampaio
3 VO Ottoni
3 M F Dias- Peixoto
1
E Rocha- Vieira4 F T Amorim
1
1 Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
2 Programa Multicecircntrico de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Ciecircncias Fisioloacutegicas Universidade
Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
3 Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
4 Departamento de Ciecircncias Baacutesicas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
Autor Correspondente P F Aguiar Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Laboratoacuterio de Fisiologia do Exerciacutecio Campus JK - DiamantinaMG Rodovia
MGT 367 - Km 583 nordm 5000 - Alto da Jacuba Telefone +55 (38) 3532-1200 e (38) 3532-
600 E-mail aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Palavras-Chave exerciacutecio consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio protocolo de rampa
Tiacutetulo corrente Protocolo de rampa e inclinaccedilatildeo
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
DEDICATOacuteRIA
Dedico esse trabalho ao meu paizinho e minha
matildeezinha por serem as pessoas mais fieacuteis agrave
minha vida e ao meu amor
AGRADECIMENTOS
Agradeccedilo agrave Deus acima de tudo por iluminar minha vida sempre por ter me
ajudado a ter forccedilas nesses anos de luta aleacutem de colocar inuacutemeras chances incriacuteveis no meu
caminho e pessoas super especiais que ficaratildeo comigo para o resto da vida
Aos meus papai e mamatildee pois sem eles natildeo estaria onde estou nem seria quem
sou porque foram eles que com sacrifiacutecio luta e muito trabalho me criaram para que eu
possa fazer tudo agravequilo que acredito e me ensinaram a tomar as melhores decisotildees para
minha vida Aos meus irmatildeos Diego Lucas Isaac e Juacutelia pelo carinho e amor por toda vida
de convivecircncia Amo muito vocecircs
Aos familiares que por serem muito natildeo falarei os nomes para natildeo causar
confusotildees por sempre me incentivarem e quererem que eu faccedila o melhor para minha vida
dando muito apoio e bons conselhos
Ao meu amigo orientador Fabiano Amorim pela paciecircncia e por ter me dedicado
tempo e atenccedilatildeo nessa jornada de aprendizado que estaacute apenas comeccedilando Agradeccedilo pelos
puxotildees de orelha mas principalmente por tudo que me ensinou em todos os momentos que
estaacutevamos proacuteximos ou ateacute mesmo por e-mail porque essa eacute sua essecircncia ensinar em
qualquer situaccedilatildeo
A todos os professores da UFVJM que participaram da minha formaccedilatildeo em
especial Marco Fabriacutecio Fernando e Etel pois sem eles natildeo teria crescido tanto quanto
acho que cresci nesses poucos anos de convivecircncia
Aos colegas de LAFIEX Fabriacutecio Mariana Pacircmela Viniacutecius Liacutevia Tamiris e
todos os outros membros do grupo por me ajudarem bastante em todos os momentos de
coleta analise e escrita desse TCC
Aos colegas de sala por esses quatro anos de convivecircncia me ensinando novas
coisas e me ajudando sempre que precisei Em especial ao Charlie Hugo Dayvit e Sidney
por serem meus irmatildeos de Diamantina
A todos que de forma direta ou indireta me ajudaram ateacute aqui como Lamon que
foi muito importante e especial nessa fase da minha vida Obrigada a todos vocecircs
EPIacuteGRAFE
O talento precisa ser trabalhado
A vocaccedilatildeo natildeo sobrevive sem que nossas
Cabeccedilas se curvem sobre livros e livros
A coragem tem que encher o peito
A vontade tem que pulsar na veia
A cabeccedila precisa estar aberta ao aprendizado
Por mais que estudemos sabemos pouco
Perto do que saberemos E jamais tudo
Tudo a nossa volta pode nos ensinar algo
Estaacute formando eacute um grande contentamento
Mas natildeo encerra a busca
Por aperfeiccediloamento profissional
Muito menos o ideal da profissatildeo
Fazer o maacuteximo pelo proacuteximo
(Autor desconhecido)
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
SUMAacuteRIO
TIacuteTULO 8
RESUMO 9
INTRODUCcedilAtildeO 10
MATERIAIS E MEacuteTODOS 12
Amostra 12
Procedimentos 12
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica 14
RESULTADOS 16
DISCUSSAtildeO E CONCLUSAtildeO 17
REFEREcircNCIAS 20
AGRADECIMENTOS 23
LEGENDA PARA FIGURAS 24
FIGURAS 25
ANEXO A 27
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO51
8
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
PF Aguiar1 F Paula
2 M A Matos
2 P F Sampaio
3 VO Ottoni
3 M F Dias- Peixoto
1
E Rocha- Vieira4 F T Amorim
1
1 Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
2 Programa Multicecircntrico de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Ciecircncias Fisioloacutegicas Universidade
Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
3 Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
4 Departamento de Ciecircncias Baacutesicas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
Autor Correspondente P F Aguiar Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Laboratoacuterio de Fisiologia do Exerciacutecio Campus JK - DiamantinaMG Rodovia
MGT 367 - Km 583 nordm 5000 - Alto da Jacuba Telefone +55 (38) 3532-1200 e (38) 3532-
600 E-mail aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Palavras-Chave exerciacutecio consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio protocolo de rampa
Tiacutetulo corrente Protocolo de rampa e inclinaccedilatildeo
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
AGRADECIMENTOS
Agradeccedilo agrave Deus acima de tudo por iluminar minha vida sempre por ter me
ajudado a ter forccedilas nesses anos de luta aleacutem de colocar inuacutemeras chances incriacuteveis no meu
caminho e pessoas super especiais que ficaratildeo comigo para o resto da vida
Aos meus papai e mamatildee pois sem eles natildeo estaria onde estou nem seria quem
sou porque foram eles que com sacrifiacutecio luta e muito trabalho me criaram para que eu
possa fazer tudo agravequilo que acredito e me ensinaram a tomar as melhores decisotildees para
minha vida Aos meus irmatildeos Diego Lucas Isaac e Juacutelia pelo carinho e amor por toda vida
de convivecircncia Amo muito vocecircs
Aos familiares que por serem muito natildeo falarei os nomes para natildeo causar
confusotildees por sempre me incentivarem e quererem que eu faccedila o melhor para minha vida
dando muito apoio e bons conselhos
Ao meu amigo orientador Fabiano Amorim pela paciecircncia e por ter me dedicado
tempo e atenccedilatildeo nessa jornada de aprendizado que estaacute apenas comeccedilando Agradeccedilo pelos
puxotildees de orelha mas principalmente por tudo que me ensinou em todos os momentos que
estaacutevamos proacuteximos ou ateacute mesmo por e-mail porque essa eacute sua essecircncia ensinar em
qualquer situaccedilatildeo
A todos os professores da UFVJM que participaram da minha formaccedilatildeo em
especial Marco Fabriacutecio Fernando e Etel pois sem eles natildeo teria crescido tanto quanto
acho que cresci nesses poucos anos de convivecircncia
Aos colegas de LAFIEX Fabriacutecio Mariana Pacircmela Viniacutecius Liacutevia Tamiris e
todos os outros membros do grupo por me ajudarem bastante em todos os momentos de
coleta analise e escrita desse TCC
Aos colegas de sala por esses quatro anos de convivecircncia me ensinando novas
coisas e me ajudando sempre que precisei Em especial ao Charlie Hugo Dayvit e Sidney
por serem meus irmatildeos de Diamantina
A todos que de forma direta ou indireta me ajudaram ateacute aqui como Lamon que
foi muito importante e especial nessa fase da minha vida Obrigada a todos vocecircs
EPIacuteGRAFE
O talento precisa ser trabalhado
A vocaccedilatildeo natildeo sobrevive sem que nossas
Cabeccedilas se curvem sobre livros e livros
A coragem tem que encher o peito
A vontade tem que pulsar na veia
A cabeccedila precisa estar aberta ao aprendizado
Por mais que estudemos sabemos pouco
Perto do que saberemos E jamais tudo
Tudo a nossa volta pode nos ensinar algo
Estaacute formando eacute um grande contentamento
Mas natildeo encerra a busca
Por aperfeiccediloamento profissional
Muito menos o ideal da profissatildeo
Fazer o maacuteximo pelo proacuteximo
(Autor desconhecido)
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
SUMAacuteRIO
TIacuteTULO 8
RESUMO 9
INTRODUCcedilAtildeO 10
MATERIAIS E MEacuteTODOS 12
Amostra 12
Procedimentos 12
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica 14
RESULTADOS 16
DISCUSSAtildeO E CONCLUSAtildeO 17
REFEREcircNCIAS 20
AGRADECIMENTOS 23
LEGENDA PARA FIGURAS 24
FIGURAS 25
ANEXO A 27
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO51
8
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
PF Aguiar1 F Paula
2 M A Matos
2 P F Sampaio
3 VO Ottoni
3 M F Dias- Peixoto
1
E Rocha- Vieira4 F T Amorim
1
1 Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
2 Programa Multicecircntrico de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Ciecircncias Fisioloacutegicas Universidade
Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
3 Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
4 Departamento de Ciecircncias Baacutesicas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
Autor Correspondente P F Aguiar Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Laboratoacuterio de Fisiologia do Exerciacutecio Campus JK - DiamantinaMG Rodovia
MGT 367 - Km 583 nordm 5000 - Alto da Jacuba Telefone +55 (38) 3532-1200 e (38) 3532-
600 E-mail aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Palavras-Chave exerciacutecio consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio protocolo de rampa
Tiacutetulo corrente Protocolo de rampa e inclinaccedilatildeo
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
EPIacuteGRAFE
O talento precisa ser trabalhado
A vocaccedilatildeo natildeo sobrevive sem que nossas
Cabeccedilas se curvem sobre livros e livros
A coragem tem que encher o peito
A vontade tem que pulsar na veia
A cabeccedila precisa estar aberta ao aprendizado
Por mais que estudemos sabemos pouco
Perto do que saberemos E jamais tudo
Tudo a nossa volta pode nos ensinar algo
Estaacute formando eacute um grande contentamento
Mas natildeo encerra a busca
Por aperfeiccediloamento profissional
Muito menos o ideal da profissatildeo
Fazer o maacuteximo pelo proacuteximo
(Autor desconhecido)
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
SUMAacuteRIO
TIacuteTULO 8
RESUMO 9
INTRODUCcedilAtildeO 10
MATERIAIS E MEacuteTODOS 12
Amostra 12
Procedimentos 12
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica 14
RESULTADOS 16
DISCUSSAtildeO E CONCLUSAtildeO 17
REFEREcircNCIAS 20
AGRADECIMENTOS 23
LEGENDA PARA FIGURAS 24
FIGURAS 25
ANEXO A 27
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO51
8
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
PF Aguiar1 F Paula
2 M A Matos
2 P F Sampaio
3 VO Ottoni
3 M F Dias- Peixoto
1
E Rocha- Vieira4 F T Amorim
1
1 Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
2 Programa Multicecircntrico de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Ciecircncias Fisioloacutegicas Universidade
Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
3 Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
4 Departamento de Ciecircncias Baacutesicas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
Autor Correspondente P F Aguiar Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Laboratoacuterio de Fisiologia do Exerciacutecio Campus JK - DiamantinaMG Rodovia
MGT 367 - Km 583 nordm 5000 - Alto da Jacuba Telefone +55 (38) 3532-1200 e (38) 3532-
600 E-mail aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Palavras-Chave exerciacutecio consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio protocolo de rampa
Tiacutetulo corrente Protocolo de rampa e inclinaccedilatildeo
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
SUMAacuteRIO
TIacuteTULO 8
RESUMO 9
INTRODUCcedilAtildeO 10
MATERIAIS E MEacuteTODOS 12
Amostra 12
Procedimentos 12
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica 14
RESULTADOS 16
DISCUSSAtildeO E CONCLUSAtildeO 17
REFEREcircNCIAS 20
AGRADECIMENTOS 23
LEGENDA PARA FIGURAS 24
FIGURAS 25
ANEXO A 27
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO51
8
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
PF Aguiar1 F Paula
2 M A Matos
2 P F Sampaio
3 VO Ottoni
3 M F Dias- Peixoto
1
E Rocha- Vieira4 F T Amorim
1
1 Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
2 Programa Multicecircntrico de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Ciecircncias Fisioloacutegicas Universidade
Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
3 Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
4 Departamento de Ciecircncias Baacutesicas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
Autor Correspondente P F Aguiar Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Laboratoacuterio de Fisiologia do Exerciacutecio Campus JK - DiamantinaMG Rodovia
MGT 367 - Km 583 nordm 5000 - Alto da Jacuba Telefone +55 (38) 3532-1200 e (38) 3532-
600 E-mail aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Palavras-Chave exerciacutecio consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio protocolo de rampa
Tiacutetulo corrente Protocolo de rampa e inclinaccedilatildeo
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
SUMAacuteRIO
TIacuteTULO 8
RESUMO 9
INTRODUCcedilAtildeO 10
MATERIAIS E MEacuteTODOS 12
Amostra 12
Procedimentos 12
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica 14
RESULTADOS 16
DISCUSSAtildeO E CONCLUSAtildeO 17
REFEREcircNCIAS 20
AGRADECIMENTOS 23
LEGENDA PARA FIGURAS 24
FIGURAS 25
ANEXO A 27
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO51
8
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
PF Aguiar1 F Paula
2 M A Matos
2 P F Sampaio
3 VO Ottoni
3 M F Dias- Peixoto
1
E Rocha- Vieira4 F T Amorim
1
1 Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
2 Programa Multicecircntrico de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Ciecircncias Fisioloacutegicas Universidade
Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
3 Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
4 Departamento de Ciecircncias Baacutesicas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
Autor Correspondente P F Aguiar Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Laboratoacuterio de Fisiologia do Exerciacutecio Campus JK - DiamantinaMG Rodovia
MGT 367 - Km 583 nordm 5000 - Alto da Jacuba Telefone +55 (38) 3532-1200 e (38) 3532-
600 E-mail aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Palavras-Chave exerciacutecio consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio protocolo de rampa
Tiacutetulo corrente Protocolo de rampa e inclinaccedilatildeo
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
8
O EFEITO DA INCLINACcedilAtildeO SOBRE O CONSUMO MAacuteXIMO DE OXIGEcircNIO
MEDIDO DURANTE O PROTOCOLO DE RAMPA
PF Aguiar1 F Paula
2 M A Matos
2 P F Sampaio
3 VO Ottoni
3 M F Dias- Peixoto
1
E Rocha- Vieira4 F T Amorim
1
1 Departamento de Educaccedilatildeo Fiacutesica Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
2 Programa Multicecircntrico de Poacutes-Graduaccedilatildeo em Ciecircncias Fisioloacutegicas Universidade
Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
3 Departamento de Fisioterapia Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri
Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
4 Departamento de Ciecircncias Baacutesicas Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Diamantina Minas Gerais Brasil
Autor Correspondente P F Aguiar Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e
Mucuri Laboratoacuterio de Fisiologia do Exerciacutecio Campus JK - DiamantinaMG Rodovia
MGT 367 - Km 583 nordm 5000 - Alto da Jacuba Telefone +55 (38) 3532-1200 e (38) 3532-
600 E-mail aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Palavras-Chave exerciacutecio consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio protocolo de rampa
Tiacutetulo corrente Protocolo de rampa e inclinaccedilatildeo
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
9
Resumo
A utilizaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa tem aumentado nas uacuteltimas deacutecadas uma vez que o
mesmo tem uma relaccedilatildeo mais linear entre carga de trabalho e consumo de oxigecircnio e a
possibilidade de individualizaccedilatildeo da intensidade Ateacute hoje nenhum estudo avaliou o efeito
da inclinaccedilatildeo no VO2max no protocolo de rampa O objetivo desse estudo foi comparar o
VO2max medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira sem inclinaccedilatildeo (0) e com
inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) mas com incrementos de velocidades iguais Participaram deste
estudo 11 homens jovens fisicamente ativos saudaacuteveis que foram submetidos a trecircs
sessotildees de exerciacutecios progressivos maacuteximos utilizando o protocolo de rampa em esteira
numa sequecircncia balanceada Foram mensurados o lactato sanguiacuteneo (La) frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima (FCmax) consumo de oxigecircnio (VO2) produccedilatildeo dioacutexido de carbono
(CO2) volume expiratoacuterio (VE) e quociente respiratoacuterio (RER) O consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63
mLkg-1
min-1
) (p=003) O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram
maiores em 0 (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
) do que em 6 (0851 plusmn 0209 min e
122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
) (plt0001) Valores da FCmax La RER e VE natildeo foram diferentes entre
as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) Conclui-se que a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 induz
maiores valores do consumo pico de oxigecircnio do que 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
10
Introduccedilatildeo
A medida do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) durante o exerciacutecio eacute um
importante paracircmetro para a determinaccedilatildeo da capacidade funcional no diagnoacutestico e
prognoacutestico de doenccedilas cardiovasculares e na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecio fiacutesico (1) O VO2max
pode ser determinado atraveacutes de protocolos de estaacutegio uacutenico intermitentes ou progressivos
com a utilizaccedilatildeo da medida direta (anaacutelise de gases expirados) ou indireta (equaccedilotildees de
prediccedilatildeo e nomogramas) em diversos ergocircmetros como bicicleta esteira bancos e remo
(2) Em esteira existem diversos protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados como
Ellestad (2) Bruce (3) Astrand (2) Balke (2) rampa (4) e Naughton (2) Em relaccedilatildeo agrave
utilizaccedilatildeo desses protocolos Myers e Bellin (5) reportaram que o protocolo de Bruce (3)
era o mais utilizado em ambiente clinico na deacutecada de 90 para a determinaccedilatildeo do VO2max
no Veterans Affairs Health Care System dos Estados Unidos (82) No entanto o
protocolo de Bruce (3) e alguns dos protocolos citados acima apresentam aumentos
graduais excessivos na carga de trabalho e duraccedilatildeo diferente da que eacute recomendada (de 8 a
12 minutos) para testes progressivos (6) aleacutem de natildeo serem individualizados o que
interfere na determinaccedilatildeo do VO2maacutex (7)
Whipp et al (4) foram os primeiros a descreverem o protocolo de rampa em
cicloergocircmetro o qual envolve aumentos progressivos constantes e individualizados na
carga de trabalho a cada minuto similar a uma rampa Originalmente esse protocolo foi
criado para ser realizado em bicicleta ergomeacutetrica com duraccedilatildeo entre 4-8 minutos
entretanto sofreu algumas adaptaccedilotildees tais como o desenvolvimento para outro ergocircmetro
(esteira rolante) e a possiacutevel utilizaccedilatildeo de softwares com controle automaacutetico da carga de
trabalho (7) O diferencial deste protocolo segundo Myers e Beliin (5) aleacutem da
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
11
individualizaccedilatildeo da carga de trabalhoeacute uma maior linearidade entre consumo de oxigecircnio e
trabalho realizado e menor variabilidade na estimativa do VO2max Por exemplo Myers et
al (7) observaram um erro menor na prediccedilatildeo do VO2max atraveacutes do protocolo de rampa
em esteira quando comparado ao protocolo de Bruce (3)
A individualizaccedilatildeo dos paracircmetros de velocidade e do componente vertical
(inclinaccedilatildeo) da esteira no protocolo de rampa requer a utilizaccedilatildeo de nomogramas (8-9) ou
fatores subjetivos (idade sexo estado de treinamento entre outros) que predizem o estado
funcional do indiviacuteduo Esta individualizaccedilatildeo permite ampla variaccedilatildeo nos incrementos de
velocidade e do componente vertical podendo interferir no valor do VO2max No sentido
da avaliaccedilatildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo sobre o VO2max Mayhew e Gross (10) por exemplo antes da
criaccedilatildeo do protocolo de rampa observaram o efeito do componente vertical no VO2max
Os autores reportaram que a presenccedila do componente vertical (inclinaccedilatildeo final 84 plusmn 13 )
com velocidade inicial constante (entre 129 e 161 kmbullh-1
) resultou em VO2max maior do
que aumentos exclusivos de velocidade (0 de inclinaccedilatildeo e velocidade inicial entre 129 e
177 kmbullh-1
e incrementos de 08 kmbullh-1
a cada 2 minutos) No entanto foram utilizados
incrementos da carga de trabalho a cada dois minutos descaracterizando o protocolo de
rampa aleacutem desees incrementos serem usados de forma diferente entre as sessotildees
Diante do exposto nenhum estudo anterior avaliou o efeito da inclinaccedilatildeo no
VO2max no protocolo de rampa quando os incrementos de velocidades satildeo iguais Aleacutem
disso testar indiviacuteduos saudaacuteveis em protocolos sem o uso da inclinaccedilatildeo pode aproximar
da realidade de corrida e auxiliar no delineamento do protocolo de rampa Dessa forma o
objetivo do presente estudo eacute comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o protocolo de
rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (0 e
6) A hipoacutetese eacute que os valores de VO2max seratildeo maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
12
Materiais e Meacutetodos
O projeto foi aprovado pelo comitecirc de eacutetica em pesquisa (0082009) e todos os
voluntaacuterios consentiram em sua participaccedilatildeo no estudo atraveacutes da assinatura de um Termo
de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido (TCLE)
Amostra
Participaram do estudo 11 indiviacuteduos do sexo masculino com idade de 26 plusmn 5 anos
natildeo fumantes fisicamente ativos e saudaacuteveis de acordo com o Coleacutegio Americano de
Medicina Esportiva (2) Os mesmos tiveram que ser considerados aptos de acordo com o
questionaacuterio de prontidatildeo para a atividade fiacutesica (PAR-Q) e apresentaram menos de dois
fatores de risco para doenccedilas cardiacuteacas coronarianas (2)
Procedimentos
Os voluntaacuterios compareceram ao laboratoacuterio em duas ocasiotildees distintas sempre no
mesmo horaacuterio com roupas apropriadas para atividade fiacutesica No dia anterior agraves visitas foi
requerido ao voluntaacuterio registrar sua ingestatildeo alimentar e repeti-la nas seguintes sessotildees
experimentais consistindo em uma dieta rica em carboidrato Foram instruiacutedos a evitar a
praacutetica de atividade fiacutesica extenuante dormir no miacutenimo 8 horas e natildeo ingerir cafeiacutena
aacutelcool e diureacuteticos 24 horas antes do experimento Para minimizar o efeito da
desidrataccedilatildeo os voluntaacuterios foram orientados a ingerir 500 ml de aacutegua 2 horas antes do
iniacutecio do experimento (2)
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
13
Durante a primeira visita os voluntaacuterios foram submetidos a uma avaliaccedilatildeo
antropomeacutetrica que consistiu nas medidas da massa e estatura corporal que foram realizadas
com a utilizaccedilatildeo de uma balanccedila analoacutegica com estadiocircmetro acoplado (Welmy 110)
Adicionalmente foram medidas sete dobras cutacircneas (triacuteceps subescapular axilar meacutedia
toraacutecica supra-iliacuteaca abdominal e coxa) utilizando um plicocircmetro analoacutegico (Sanny
Starrett) e o percentual de gordura corporal foi calculado (11) a partir do calculo densidade
corporal (12) Apoacutes estes procedimentos iniacuteciou-se a primeira sessatildeo experimental
Todas as sessotildees experimentais foram realizadas em uma sala com temperatura seca
entre 18degC e 21degC e umidade relativa do ar entre 32 e 66 Antes de iniciar cada sessatildeo
experimental a gravidade especiacutefica da urina do voluntaacuterio foi medida por um refratocircmetro
manual (Biobrix ndash modelo 301) para verificaccedilatildeo do estado de hidrataccedilatildeo A maacutescara do
analisador de gases (K4b2 Kosmed Italy) e um cardiofrequenciacutemetro (F4 Blk Polar)
foram afixados ao voluntaacuterio que permaneceu sentado durante 5 minutos Em seguida o
voluntaacuterio se dirigiu agrave esteira (RT 300 PRO Moviment e Inbrasport ATL Inbramed) onde
foi iniciado um periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo ao exerciacutecio correspondendo a uma caminhada leve
(3 minutos a 5 kmh) Apoacutes esse periacuteodo de preparaccedilatildeo iniciou-se o protocolo de rampa
com aumentos na velocidade sem (0) ou com inclinaccedilatildeo fixa (6) de acordo com a
sessatildeo experimental (velocidade meacutedia inicial de 58 kmh-1
com meacutedia de incrementos de
09 kmh-1
) O consumo de oxigecircnio e o dioacutexido de carbono expirado foram medidos a cada
respiraccedilatildeo atraveacutes do analisador de gases A frequecircncia cardiacuteaca foi medida e gravada
atraveacutes do sistema de telemetria do analisador de gases durante todo teste para a verificaccedilatildeo
da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida (FCmaacutex)
Os protocolos dos testes foram elaborados para terem uma duraccedilatildeo entre 8 e 12
minutos (6) Durante o teste os voluntaacuterios receberam estiacutemulos verbais padronizados dos
avaliadores para que permanecessem em atividade ateacute o limite maacuteximo percebido Todos os
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
14
testes foram finalizados a pedido do voluntaacuterio (fadiga voluntaacuteria) ou se os pesquisadores
observassem algum risco para o mesmo Ao final do teste a fase de recuperaccedilatildeo da esteira
foi acionada (3 minutos a 5 kmh) Nos primeiros 30 segundos dessa fase foi coletada uma
amostra de sangue perifeacuterico da polpa do dedo para anaacutelise do lactato sanguiacuteneo
(AccutrendLactate Roche) Ao deixar a esteira o voluntaacuterio permaneceu sentado por um
periacuteodo de 10 minutos
O teste foi considerado maacuteximo quando pelo menos dois dos seguintes criteacuterios foram
atingidos valores maacuteximos do quociente respiratoacuterio ge 115 frequecircncia cardiacuteaca atingida ge
95 da frequumlecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima prevista para a idade (220-idade) e lactato sanguiacuteneo ge
8 mmolL-1
(6) O VO2max foi determinado a partir da meacutedia de cada 7 respiraccedilotildees como
descrito por Robergs Dwyer e Astorino (13) sendo o valor maacuteximo dessa meacutedia
considerado o VO2max Para determinaccedilatildeo do consumo maacuteximo de oxigecircnio (VO2max) ou
consumo pico de oxigecircnio (VO2pico) foram adotados os criteacuterios de Astorino (14) Entre
cada sessatildeo experimental foi adotado o intervalo miacutenimo de 48 horas com o intuito de
minimizar o possiacutevel efeito do treinamento da sessatildeo experimental anterior As sessotildees
experimentais foram realizadas de forma balanceada
Anaacutelise estatiacutestica
Inicialmente foi realizada uma anaacutelise descritiva dos aspectos demograacuteficos dos
participantes Em seguida foi utilizado o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para avaliar a normalidade
da distribuiccedilatildeo da amostra Os valores de VO2max quociente respiratoacuterio volume
expiratoacuterio e frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima foram comparados utilizando o teste t de student
pareado (0 versus 6) atraveacutes do software estatiacutestico Statistica 70 para Windows Todos
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
15
os dados estatildeo expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo O niacutevel de significacircncia adotado foi de
p le 005
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
16
Resultados
As caracteriacutesticas antropomeacutetricas dos voluntaacuterios que participaram do presente
estudo foram massa corporal 776 plusmn 100 kg estatura 176 plusmn 6 cm e percentual de gordura
de 155 plusmn 7
Em nenhum dos testes observou-se a presenccedila de platocirc no consumo de oxigecircnio
conforme descrito por Astorino (14) por isso faz-se aqui o uso do termo consumo pico de
oxigecircnio (VO2pico) O VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa em esteira
ergomeacutetrica foi maior a 6 (527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
) do que a 0 (492 plusmn 63 mLkg-
1min
-1) (figura 1)
Os paracircmetros avaliados durante os testes estatildeo apresentadas na tabela 1 A
velocidade final e a duraccedilatildeo dos testes foram maiores nos testes sem (0) do que com
inclinaccedilatildeo (6) Os valores de volume expiratoacuterio quociente respiratoacuterio frequecircncia
cardiacuteaca maacutexima percentual da frequecircncia cardiacuteaca maacutexima atingida e lactato sanguiacuteneo
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
17
Discussatildeo
O principal objetivo do presente estudo foi comparar o VO2max mensurado durante o
protocolo de rampa em esteira com incrementos iguais de velocidade com ou sem
inclinaccedilotildees fixas Os resultados observados demonstram que os voluntaacuterios atingiram
paracircmetros similares de esforccedilo maacuteximo em todos os testes (tabela 1) entretanto os valores
de VO2pico foram maiores na presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo a 6 (figura 1) Fatores relacionados
agraves diferenccedilas na biomecacircnica na corrida com e sem inclinaccedilatildeo aleacutem da ativaccedilatildeo de
muacutesculos acessoacuterios podem estar envolvidos com estas diferenccedilas Adicionalmente os
voluntaacuterios do presente estudo relataram que na ausecircncia da inclinaccedilatildeo haacute uma dificuldade
biomecacircnica na manutenccedilatildeo da velocidade nos testes e inseguranccedila quanto as altas
velocidades atingidas
Similar a este achado Mayhew e Gross (10) obtiveram nos testes com a presenccedila do
componente vertical um VO2max (690 plusmn 46 mLKg-1
min-1
) maior em comparaccedilatildeo aos
testes sem este componente (669 plusmn 53 mLKg-1
min-1
) com diferenccedila de 3 entres os
testes no presente estudo o valor do VO2max foi de 527 plusmn 81 mLkg-1
min-1
a 6 e
492 plusmn 63 mLkg-1
min-1
a 0 com diferenccedila entre os testes de 6 No entanto o
protocolo reportado por estes autores utilizou incrementos de intensidade a cada dois
minutos natildeo se caracterizando um protocolo de rampa e valores e incrementos de
velocidade diferentes entre as sessotildees isso pode ter influenciado o valor do VO2max
quando comparado ao presente estudo em que a diferenccedila percentual entre testes foi maior
O presente resultado pode ter ocorrido devido ao fato de que na presenccedila da
inclinaccedilatildeo alguns muacutesculos acessoacuterios como os que atuam na manutenccedilatildeo da postura
geram um consumo de oxigecircnio adicional (15) No entanto os resultados observados com a
presenccedila do componente vertical natildeo podem ser transpostos para protocolos que utilizam
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
18
valores elevados de inclinaccedilatildeo Em alguns protocolos de exerciacutecios progressivos validados
em esteira haacute diferentes percentuais de inclinaccedilatildeo do inicio para o final do teste como
Ellestad (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 10 e final de 15 Bruce (3) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial
de 0 e final de 23 Astrand (2) com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 25 Balke (2)
com inclinaccedilatildeo inicial de 0 e final de 30 Nestes protocolos a fadiga localizada em
alguns muacutesculos da panturrilha poderaacute afetar o valor de VO2max jaacute que o voluntaacuterio pode
interromper o teste precocemente (16)
O tempo total de exerciacutecio e a velocidade final ateacute a fadiga foram maiores para a
sessatildeo experimental sem o componente vertical (1134 plusmn 140 min e 154 plusmn 21 Kmh-1
)
quando comparado com a sua presenccedila (0851 plusmn 0209 min e 122 plusmn 14 Kmh-1
(plt0001)
Isso ocorreu porque quando a inclinaccedilatildeo estaacute presente o trabalho eacute aumentado gerando um
estresse maior para os muacutesculos ativos No estudo de Taylor Buskirk e Henschel (15) foi
avaliado o efeito de diferentes inclinaccedilotildees utilizando o protocolo de Havard sobre o VO2
Foram feitos dois testes diferentes no teste sem inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi aumentada a
cada estaacutegio com incrementos de uma milhah no teste com inclinaccedilatildeo a velocidade foi
mantida constante (7 milhash) havendo incrementos de 25 na inclinaccedilatildeo (0 25 5
75 e 10) Os autores observaram que o VO2max foi maior a 75 de inclinaccedilatildeo do que
com os outros valores Neste caso o valor de 75 fica proacuteximo ao valor de 6 observado
no presente estudo
Valores de FCmax lactato sanguiacuteneo quociente respiratoacuterio e volume expiratoacuterio
natildeo foram diferentes entre as sessotildees experimentais (pgt005) similar agrave estudos anteriores
como os de Myers et al (7-17) Mayhew e Gross (10) que compararam protocolos ou
situaccedilotildees diferentes e natildeo observaram diferenccedilas nos criteacuterios de determinaccedilatildeo de teste
maacuteximo mesmo com duraccedilatildeo e tempo diferentes
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
19
Os resultados do presente estudo permitem melhor encaminhamento no delineamento
do protocolo de rampa o que permite determinar valores de VO2max maiores jaacute que eacute
importante levar em conta o tipo de treinamento realizado pelo indiviacuteduo Por exemplo
indiviacuteduos que correm no plano ao fazerem um teste maacuteximo sem a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo
teraacute neste o fator que leva em conta a especificidade do exerciacutecio entretanto para que haja a
determinaccedilatildeo de um VO2max maior a presenccedila da inclinaccedilatildeo se faz importante A decisatildeo
da presenccedila ou natildeo da inclinaccedilatildeo no protocolo de rampa deve ser considerada para que os
valores de VO2max fiquem proacuteximos do real natildeo interferindo na prescriccedilatildeo de exerciacutecios
fiacutesicos e no treinamento esportivo
Conclui-se que o VO2pico durante o protocolo de rampa eacute maior a 6 quando
comparado a 0 de inclinaccedilatildeo
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
20
Referecircncias
1 Balady Gary J et al Clinicianrsquos Guide to Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Adults
A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association American Heart Association
Learn and Live 2010 122 191-225
2 American College of Sport Medicine ACSMrsquos Guidelines for exercise testing and
prescription 2009 8 ed
3 Bruce R A J R BLACKMAN JONES J W Exercise testing in adult normal
subjects and cardiac patients Pediatrics 1963 32 742ndash755
4 Whipp BJ et al A test to determine parameters of aerobic function during exercise J
ApplPhysiol 1981 50217ndash221
5 Myers J Bellin D Ramp Exercise Protocols for Clinical and Cardiopulmonary Exercise
Testing Sports Medicine 2000 30 23-29
6 Yoon BK et al VO2max protocol duration and the VO2 plateau Med Sci Sports
Exerc 2007 39 (7) 1186-1192
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
21
7 Myers J et al Comparison of the ramp versus standard exercise protocols J Am Coll
Cardiology 1991 17 1334-1342
8 Tebexreni AS et al Protocolos tradicionais em ergometria suas aplicaccedilotildees praacuteticas
versus protocolo de rampa Rev Soc Cardiol Estado de Satildeo Paulo Satildeo Paulo 2001 11
(3) 519-528 maijun
9 Myers J Do D Herbert W et al A nomogram to predict exercise capacity from a
specific activity questionnaire and clinical data Am J Cardiol 1994 73591 - 6
10 Mayhew J L Gross P M Comparison of grade-incremented versus speed-
incremented maximal exercise tests in trained men Department of Physical Education
University of Illinois Champaign Illinois 1975
11 Siri WE Body composition from fluid space and density In J Brozek amp Hanschel A
(Eds) Techniques for measuring body composition (p223-224) Washington DC
National Academy of Science 1961
12 Jackson AS amp Pollock ML Generalized equations for prediting body density of
men Br J Nutr 1978 40 497-504
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
22
13 Robergs R A Dwyer D Astorino T Recommendations for improved data processing
from expired gas analysis indirect calorimetry Sports Med 2010 Feb 1 40 95-111
14 Astorino T A et al Elucidating determinants of the plateau in oxygen consumption at
o VO2max Br J Sports Med 2005 39 655-660
15 Taylor Henry Longstreet Buskirk Elsworth Henschel Austin Maximal oxygen
Intakes as anobjective measure of cardio-respiratory performance From Ihe Laboratory of
PhysiologicaENygime University of Minnesota Minneapolis1955
16 Fletcher GF et al Exercise standards A statement for healthcare professionals from the
American Heart Association Circulation 1995 91 580-615
17 Myers J et al Individualized Ramp Treadmill Observations on a New Protocol
Chest 1992 101 236S-241S
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
23
Agradecimentos
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM) Fundaccedilatildeo
de Amparo agrave Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) Coordenaccedilatildeo de
Aperfeiccediloamento de Pessoal de Niacutevel Superior (CAPES) e Conselho Nacional de
Desenvolvimento Cientiacutefico e Tecnoloacutegico (CNPq)
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
24
Legenda para figuras
Figura 1 VO2pico medido durante o protocolo de rampa com ou sem inclinaccedilatildeo
(dados expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo) indica diferenccedila significativa quando
comparado com 0 (p=003)
Tabela 1 Resultados dos paracircmetros mensurados durante o protocolo de rampa em
esteira indica diferenccedila significativa quando comparado com 0 (plt0001) dados
expressos em meacutedia plusmn desvio padratildeo
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
25
Figura 1
40
45
50
55
600
6
V
O2pic
o (
mL k
g-1 m
in-1
)
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
26
Tabela 1
Variaacutevel 0
6
Duraccedilatildeo do teste
(min)
1134 plusmn 140
0851 plusmn 0209
Velocidade maacutexima
de corrida (kmh-1
)
154 plusmn 21
122 plusmn 14
Volume Expiratoacuterio
(Lmin-1
)
1524 plusmn 337
1577 plusmn 319
Quociente
Respiratoacuterio (R)
142 plusmn 015
145 plusmn 010
Frequecircncia
Cardiacuteaca Maacutexima
(bmin-1
)
185 plusmn 7
186 plusmn 7
Porcentagem da
FCmax atingida ()
95 plusmn 2
96 plusmn 3
Lactato Sanguiacuteneo
(mmolL-1
)
93 plusmn 44
99 plusmn 35
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
27
ANEXO A
About the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is an open-access journal
published by the Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira de Divulgaccedilatildeo Cientiacutefica and can be found at
wwwscielobrbjmbr The journal features articles of exceptional significance originality
and relevance in all areas of biological science Our audience is the Brazilian and
international scientific community
Criteria for Publication
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research is highly selective in the
manuscripts that it publishes rejection rates are high To be considered for publication in
the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research any given manuscript must be
outstanding in the following ways Originality Importance to researchers in its field
Interest to scientists outside the field Rigorous methodology and substantial evidence for
its conclusions
Submission of a manuscript to the Brazilian Journal implies that the data have not been
published previously and will not be submitted for publication elsewhere while the
manuscript is under review
The following represent prior publication any printed material in excess of 500 words
describing results or methods of a submittedin press manuscript published tables or
illustrations that duplicate the content of a manuscript electronic manuscripts or posters
available via the Internet When part of the material in a manuscript has been presented as a
preliminary communication or in an unrefereed symposium this should be cited as a
footnote on the title page and a copy should accompany the submitted manuscript
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
28
Publication Charges
The authors are responsible for publication charges of all accepted papers Publication
charges will be billed to the Corresponding Author when the paper is accepted
The charge is R$145000paper for Brazilian authors and US$80000paper for authors
outside Brazil and is independent of the length of the paper
The Journal does not provide reprints to corresponding authors They will receive a CD
containing the issue in which the paper is published There is no charge for figures in color
Please contact Reinaldo de Souza (bjournalfmrpuspbr) if you have any questions
Overview of the Editorial Process
Our aim is to provide all authors with an efficient courteous constructive and just editorial
process To ensure the fairest and most objective decision-making the editorial process is
run as a partnership between the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research
editors and the editorial board which is comprised of leaders in all fields of medicine and
biology
In situations in which authors are unsure whether their paper is within the scope of the
journal and satisfies the basic requirements for publication in the Brazilian Journal of
Medical and Biological Research we are happy to consider presubmission enquiries
Responses to these enquiries will normally be provided within a few days The papers of
authors who receive an invitation to submit their manuscripts will then enter the regular
editorial process
Submitted manuscripts will be assigned to one of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Section Editors who will promptly evaluate the paper and decide if it
is likely to meet the requirement of providing a major advance in its relevant field and
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
29
describing a sufficient body of work to support the main claims and if so it will be sent
out for peer review A Section Editor works with the Editor throughout the review process
Expert reviewers will be asked to assess the technical and scientific merits of the work
Once all reviews have been received and considered by the Editor and Section Editor a
decision letter to the author will be drafted
There are several types of decisions possible
bull accept the paper as submitted
bull accept it with revision
bull invite the authors to revise the manuscript prior to the final decision
bull reject the paper but with encouragement to resubmit it after extensive revision If
the authors submit another revised version it must be done as a new submission
(httpsubmissionscielobrindexphpbjmbrlogin)
bull or reject the manuscript outright typically because it does not meet the criteria
outlined above of originality importance to the field cross-discipline interest or sound
methodology
Upon acceptance the manuscript enters our production system Articles are typically
published online within 9 weeks of formal acceptance and usually before they are
assembled into a complete issue Publication may be further expedited when justified For
complete explanation see Editorial Review Polices
Preparation of Research Manuscripts
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research publishes original research
articles of outstanding scientific significance We will consider manuscripts of any length
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
30
we encourage the submission of both substantial full-length bodies of work and shorter
manuscripts that report novel findings that might be based on a limited number of
experiments The key criteria are that the research demonstrates clearly its novelty its
importance to a particular field as well as its interest to those outside that discipline and
conclusions that are justified by the data
Cover Letter
It is important that you include a cover letter with your manuscript Take the time to
consider why this manuscript is suitable for publication in the Brazilian Journal of Medical
and Biological Research Why will your paper inspire the other members of your field and
how will it drive research forward Please explain this in your cover letter
The cover letter should also contain the following information
bull Title of article
bull Name(s) of all author(s)
bull Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone number fax number
and e-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
bull Running title This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60
letters and spaces
bull Suggested Reviewers You must provide the names of up to 5 SPECIALISTS that
could be considered as reviewers of the paper Please inform the full names e-mail and full
postal address in the presentation letter
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
31
bull If a version of the manuscript has been previously submitted for publication to
another journal include comments from the peer reviewers and indicate how the authors
have responded to these comments
bull Papers in the area of Clinical Investigation should include a statement indicating
that the protocol has been approved by the Hospital Ethics Committee (Hospital with which
at least one of the authors is associated) and that written informed consent was obtained
from all participants
Text format
The text of a manuscript can only be accepted as a Microsoft Word file created with MS
Word 65 or a later version as a doc or rtf document
bull Submit the manuscript by e-mail in letter size format (85 x 11) with wide
margins of at least 1 inch (254 cm) 23 lines per page which contains approximately 2156
characters including spaces
bull Use a serif font preferably Times New Roman 12 point type including title page
abstract text acknowledgments references figure legends and tables Each page should
contain the page number in the upper right-hand corner starting with the title page as page
1
bull Report all measurements in Systegraveme International SI
(httpphysicsnistgovcuuUnits) and standard units where applicable (see below)
bull Do not use abbreviations in the title or abstract and limit their use in the text
bull The length of the manuscript and the number of tables and figures must be kept to a
minimum
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
32
bull Ensure that all references are cited in the text
bull Generic names must be used for all drugs Instruments may be referred to by
proprietary name the name and country or electronic address of the manufacturer should be
given in parentheses in the text
Guidance on grammar punctuation and scientific writing can be found in the following
sources Scientific Style and Format The CSE Manual for Authors Editors and
Publishers 7th edn Rockefeller University Press Reston 2006 Medical Style and Format
Huth EJ (Editor) ISI Press Philadelphia 1987 Marketed by Williams amp Wilkins
Baltimore MD The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the
reference format of the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical
Journals which can be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwicmjeorg)
The writing style should be concise and accessible Editors will make suggestions for how
to achieve this as well as suggestions for cuts or additions that could be made to the article
to strengthen the argument Our aim is to make the editorial process rigorous and
consistent but not intrusive or overbearing Authors are encouraged to use their own voice
and to decide how best to present their ideas results and conclusions
Although we encourage submissions from around the globe we require that manuscripts be
submitted in American English As a step towards overcoming language barriers we
encourage authors to seek the assistance of professional services available on the site
Footnotes
Text footnotes if unavoidable should be numbered consecutively in superscript in the
manuscript and written on a separate page following the abstract
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
33
Headings in text
bull Position all headings flush with the left margin
bull Keep headings short (three or four words)
bull Use only three types of headings in the text Clearly indicate the type of level of
headings by using the following typographic conventions
o First-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 11 bold type
o Second-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized font size 9 bold
type
o Third-level Only the 1st letter of the 1st word is capitalized italic type
Authorship requirements
Only those persons who contributed directly to the intellectual content of the paper should
be listed as authors Authors should meet all of the following criteria thereby allowing
persons named as authors to take public responsibility for the content of the paper
bull Conceived planned and carried out the experiments that led to the paper or
interpreted the data it presents or both
bull Wrote the paper or reviewed successive versions
bull Approved the final version
bull Holding positions of administrative leadership contributing patients and collecting
and assembling data however important to the research are not by themselves criteria for
authorship Other persons who have made substantial direct contributions to the work but
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
34
cannot be considered authors should be cited in the acknowledgment section with their
permission and a description of their specific contributions to the research should be given
Manuscript categories
Authors should state in the cover letter that the manuscript is intended to be a Full-length
Paper Short Communication Review Article Concepts and Comments Case Report
Overview
All formats should contain abstract of no more than 250 words no more than 6 key words
a running title to be used as a page heading which should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
For Short Communication and Full-length Paper the text should be divided into separate
sections (Introduction Material and Methods Results Discussion) without a separate
section for conclusions For Review Article the text may be divided into sections with
appropriate titles and subtitles
References no exceptions will be made Review 90 references Full-length Paper and
Concepts and Comments 40 references Case Report and Short Communication no more
than 20 references and up to three illustrations (figures andor tables)
Full-length paper
Each manuscript should clearly state its objective or hypothesis the experimental design
and methods used (including the study setting and time period patients or participants with
inclusion and exclusion criteria or data sources and how these were selected for the study)
the essential features of any interventions the main outcome measures the main results of
the study and a section placing the results in the context of published literature
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
35
Papers that will not be accepted for publication
bull Studies on people not approved by an accredited Ethics Committee or without
written informed consent from the subject or legal guardian
bull Studies on animals not approved by an accredited Ethics and Animal Care
Committee
bull Manuscripts that report preliminary results or only confirm previously reported
results
bull Manuscripts that describe the pharmacokinetics bioavailability and toxicity of
drugs in people or animals
bull Manuscripts that deal with transcultural adaptation and validation of instruments of
measurements
bull Manuscripts that translate a text published in another language and validate it on
local patients
bull Manuscripts that use questionnaires translated from the language of another country
and their validation in local patients
Organization of the Manuscript
Most articles published in the Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research will be
organized into the following sections Title Authors Affiliations Abstract Key words
Introduction Results Material and Methods Discussion References Acknowledgments
Tables with legends and footnotes Figure legends and Figures Uniformity in format will
facilitate the experience of readers and users of the journal Continuous page numbers are
required for all pages including figures There are no specific length restrictions for the
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
36
overall manuscript or individual sections However we urge authors to present and discuss
their findings concisely We recognize that some articles will not be best presented in our
research article format If you have a manuscript that would benefit from a different format
please contact the editors to discuss this further
Our online submission system can support a large range of formats for text and graphics
but if you experience difficulties with the site or are concerned about the suitability of your
files please see the manual for submission or contact the Production Department of the
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research (bjournalfmrpuspbr)
Title Page
Title
The title should be as short and informative as possible should not contain non-standard
acronyms or abbreviations and should not exceed two printed lines
Please also provide a brief running title of approximately 60 characters
Authors and Affiliations
Initials and last name(s) of author(s) (matched with superscript numbers identifying
institutions) Institution(s) (Department Faculty University city state country) of each
author (in Portuguese if authors are from Brazil)
One of the authors should be designated as the corresponding author It is the
corresponding authorrsquos responsibility to ensure that the author list and the summary of the
author contributions to the study are accurate and complete If the article has been
submitted on behalf of a consortium all consortium members and affiliations should be
listed after the Acknowledgments
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
37
Corresponding author Name complete mailing address including zip code telephone
number Fax number and E-mail of author to whom correspondence should be sent
Acknowledgment of research grants and fellowships (agency and grant number)
Key Words
A list of key words or indexing terms (no more than 6) should be included A capital letter
should be used for the first letter of each key word separated by a semicolon The Journal
recommends the use of medical subject headings of Index Medicus for key words to avoid
the use of several synonyms as entry terms in the index for different papers on the same
subject Remember key words are used by the Scielo Database (see
httpwwwscielobrbjmbrarticles searchsubject) to index the article
Running title
This short title to be used as a page heading should not exceed 60 letters and spaces
Abstract
Since abstracts are published separately by Information Services they should contain
sufficient hard data to be appreciated by the reader The Brazilian Journal publishes
unstructured abstracts
The abstract should briefly and clearly present the problem experimental approach new
results as quantitative data if possible and conclusions It should mention the techniques
used without going into methodological detail and mention the most important results
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum and should be defined in both the Abstract and
text
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
38
Please do not include any reference citations in the abstract If the use of a reference is
unavoidable the full citation should be given within the abstract
The abstract should not exceed 250 words and should be written as a single paragraph
double-spaced on a separate page following the title page
Please see lthttpwwwbjournalcombrwriting_a_good_abstracthtmlgt for suggestions on
writing a good abstract
Introduction
The Introduction should put the focus of the manuscript into a broader context As you
compose the introduction think of readers who are not experts in this field Include a brief
review of the key literature This should state the purpose of the investigation and
justification for undertaking the research and relationship to other work in the field An
extensive listing or review of the literature should not be used If there are relevant
controversies or disagreements in the field they should be mentioned so that a non-expert
reader can delve into these issues further The Introduction should conclude with a brief
statement of the overall aim of the experiments and a comment about what was achieved
Material and Methods
Sufficient information should be provided in the text or by referring to papers in generally
available journals to permit the work to be repeated
This section should provide enough detail for reproduction of the findings Protocols for
new methods should be included but well-established protocols may simply be referenced
We encourage authors to submit as separate files detailed protocols for newer or less well-
established methods These will be linked to the article and will be fully accessable
Results
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
39
The results should be presented clearly and concisely Tables and figures should be used
only when necessary for effective comprehension of the data In some situations it may be
desirable to combine Results and Discussion into a single section The Results section
should provide results of all of the experiments that are required to support the conclusions
of the paper There is no specific word limit for this section but a description of
experiments that are peripheral to the main message of the article and that detract from the
focus of the article should not be included The section may be divided into subsections
each with a concise subheading Large datasets including raw data should be submitted as
supplemental files these are published online alongside the accepted article The Results
section should be written in past tense
Discussion
The purpose of the Discussion is to interpret the results and relate them to existing
knowledge Information given elsewhere in the text especially in Results may be cited but
all results not repeated in detail in the Discussion The Discussion should spell out the
major conclusions and interpretations of the work including some explanation of the
significance of these conclusions How do the conclusions affect the existing assumptions
and models in the field How can future research build on these observations What are the
key experiments that must be done The Discussion should be concise and tightly argued
If warranted the Results and Discussion may be combined into one section
Acknowledgments
When appropriate briefly acknowledge technical assistance advice and contributions from
colleagues People who contributed to the work but do not fit the criteria for authors should
be listed in the Acknowledgments along with their contributions Donations of animals
cells or reagents should also be acknowledged You must also ensure that anyone named in
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
40
the Acknowledgments agrees to being so named Financial support for the research and
fellowships should be acknowledged on the title page
References
Only published or accepted manuscripts should be included in the reference list Meeting
abstracts conference talks or papers that have been submitted but not yet accepted should
not be cited Limited citation of unpublished work should be included in the body of the
text only All personal communications should be supported by a letter from the relevant
authors Authors are responsible for the accuracy and completeness of their references and
for correct text citation When possible references which are easily available in English
should be cited
The BJMBR uses the numbered citation (citation-sequence) method References are listed
and numbered in the order that they appear in the text In the text citations should be
indicated by the reference number in parentheses Multiple citations within a single set of
parentheses should be separated by commas without a space (157) Where there are more
than three sequential citations they should be given as a range Example has been
shown previously (4ndash9) Make sure the parts of the manuscript are in the correct order
before nambering the citations
Because all references will be linked electronically as much as possible to the papers they
cite proper formatting of the references is crucial For all references list the first 6 authors
followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume Complete Pages
The Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research follows the reference format of
the Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals which can
be found on the website of the National Library of Medicine
(httpwwwnlmnihgovbsduniform_requirementshtml) Use the Medline journal
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
41
abbreviations and follow the reference style shown on the Website noted above with
several exceptions See below for details If the author uses the program Reference
Manager copy the file containing the style of the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research and place it in the folder of Styles When submiting the manuscript
send the file produced in Reference Manager (rmd and rmx ) as an attachment
Please use the following style for the reference list
Published Papers First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation in italics)
Year Volume Complete Pages
Lammers AE Hislop AA Flynn Y Haworth SG The 6-minute walk test normal values
for children of 4-11 years of age Arch Dis Child 2008 93 464-468
Zhang Q Malik P Pandey D Gupta S Jagnandan D Belin de CE et al Paradoxical
activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase by NADPH oxidase Arterioscler Thromb
Vasc Biol 2008 28 1627-1633
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) Global
strategy for asthma management and prevention NHLBIWHO Workshop Report
Bethesda National Institute of Health National Heart Lung and Blood Insitute publication
No 02-3659 2006
Electronic Journal Articles (Online Journals) Ensure that URLs are active and available
American Academy of Ophthalmology Diabetic retinopathy disease severity scale Am
Acad Ophthalmol
httpwwwaaoorgeducationlibraryrecommendationsinternational_drcfm 2005
Accessed 11 August 2006
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
42
Simon JA Hudes ES Relationship of ascorbic acid to blood lead levels JAMA
httpjamaama-assnorgcgicontentabstract281242289 1999 Accessed 11 August
2006
Internet Communication Ensure that URLs are active and available
Brasil Associaccedilatildeo Brasileira para o Estudo da Obesidade pesquisa da populaccedilatildeo brasileira
httpwwwabesoorgbr Accessed February 22 2008
Information behaviour of the researcher of the future CIBER Report
httpwwwbluknews2008pressrelease20080116html
CAPES Statistics httpwwwcapesgovbrcapesportal Accessed March 16 2006
CNPq Plataforma Lattes Investimentos do CNPq em CTampI
httpfomentonacionalcnpqbrdmfomentohomeindexjsp Accessed March 16 2006
Audiovisual Material
Physicians Desk Reference (PDR) Release 20031AX [CD-ROM] Montvale Thomson
PDR 2003
Computer Program
Dean AG Dean JA Coulombier D Brendel KA Smith DC Burton AH et al Epi info
version 604 a word processing database and statistics program for public health on IBM-
compatible microcomputers [Computer program] Atlanta Centers of Disease Control and
Prevention 1998
Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 120 [Computer program]
Chicago SPSS Inc 2006
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
43
Patent
Larsen CE Trip R Johnson CR Methods for procedures related to the electrophysiology of
the heart Patent No 5529067 Novoste Corporation 1995
Book Whole Authors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
American College of Sports Medicine Diretrizes do ACSM para os testes de esforccedilo e sua
prescriccedilatildeo Rio de Janeiro Guanabara Koogan 2007
Book Chapter Authors Chapter Title Editors Book title Edition City Publisher Year
Pages of citation
Kronfol A Behavioral effects of cytokines a psychiatrists perspective In Plotnikoff NP
Faith RE Murgo AJ Good RA (Editors) Cytokines stress and immunity London CRC
Press 2007 p 1-16
Kintzios SE What do we know about cancer and its therapy In Kintzios SE Barberaki
MG (Editors) Plants that fight cancer New York CRC Press 2004 p 1-14
Report
WHO (World Health Organization) IPCS (International Program in Chemical Safety)
Environmental health criteria 118 Inorganic mercury Geneva World Health Organization
1991
National Commission on Sleep Disorders Research Wake up America a national sleep
alert Washington Government Printing Office 1993
Thesis
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
44
Joselevitch C Visatildeo no ultravioleta em Carassius auratus (Ostariophysi Cypriformes
Cyprinidae) estudo eletrofisioloacutegico do sistema cone - ceacutelulas horizontais [Masters
thesis] Satildeo Paulo Instituto de Psicologia USP 1999
Conference Symposium Proceedings Cite papers only from published proceedings
Hejzlar RM Diogo PA The use of water quality modelling for optimising operation of a
drinking water reservoir Proceedings of the International Conference Fluid Mechanics and
Hydrology 1999 Jun 23-26 Prague Prague Institute of Hydrodynamics AS CR 1999 p
475-482
Unpublished results Personal communication and Submitted papers Reference
should appear in the text with the individual name(s) and initials and not in the reference
list
(Santos CS da-Silva GB Martins LT unpublished results)
It is assumed that the author has obtained permission from the source when personal
communication is cited
Abstract First 6 authors followed by et al Title Journal (abbreviation) Year Volume
Complete Pages (Abstract)
Lima SM Bonci DM Grotzner SR Ribeiro CA Ventura DF Loss of amacrine cells in
MeHg-treated retinae in a tropical fish InvestOphthalmol Vis Sci 2003 44 E-5172
(Abstract)
Competing Interest
Authors are asked at submission to state whether they have any financial personal or
professional interests that could be construed to have influenced their paper Reviewers are
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
45
also asked to declare any interests that might interfere with their objective assessment of a
manuscript Any relevant competing interests of authors must be available to editors and
reviewers during the review process and will be stated in published articles
Abbreviations
Abbreviations should be kept to a minimum Define all abbreviations upon first use in the
text Non-standard abbreviations should not be used unless they appear at least three times
in the text
bull Explain all abbreviations in the text figure and table legends when they first appear
Keep the number of abbreviations to a minimum
bull Do not explain abbreviations for units of measurement [3 mL not 3 milliliters
(mL)] or standard scientific symbols [Na not sodium (Na)]
bull Abbreviate long names of chemical substances and terms for therapeutic
combinations Abbreviate names of tests and procedures that are better known by their
abbreviations than by the full name (VDRL test SMA-12)
bull Use abbreviations in figures and tables to save space but they must be defined in
the legend
Nomenclature
The use of standardized nomenclature in all fields of science and medicine is an essential
step toward the integration and linking of scientific information reported in published
literature We will enforce the use of correct and established nomenclature wherever
possible
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
46
We strongly encourage the use of SI units If you do not use these exclusively please
provide the SI value in parentheses after each value Examples
bull s for second
bull min for minute
bull h for hour
bull L for liter
bull m for meter
bull kDa for mass in kilodaltons
bull 5 mM rather than 5 x 10-3 M or 0005 M
Species names should be italicized (eg Homo sapiens)
Genes mutations genotypes and alleles should be indicated in italics Use the
recommended name by consulting the appropriate genetic nomenclature database eg
HUGO for human genes It is sometimes advisable to indicate the synonyms for the gene
the first time it appears in the text
The Recommended International Non-Proprietary Name (rINN) of drugs should be
provided
Figures
Figures must be submitted in high-resolution version (600 dpi) Please ensure that the files
conform to our Guidelines for Figure Preparation when preparing your figures for
production
Preparing figure files for submission
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
47
Brazilian Journal of Medical and Biological Research encourages authors to use figures
where this will increase the clarity of an article The use of colour figures in articles is free
of charge The following guidelines must be observed when preparing figures Failure to do
so is likely to delay acceptance and publication of the article
bull Illustrations for publication should be provided as separate files
bull Each figure of a manuscript should be submitted as a single file
bull Tables should NOT be submitted as figures but should be included in the main
manuscript file
bull Figures should be numbered in the order they are first mentioned in the text and
uploaded in this order
bull Figure titles and legends should be provided in the main manuscript not in the
graphic file
bull The aim of the figure legend should be to describe the key messages of the figure
but the figure should also be discussed in the text An enlarged version of the figure and its
full legend will often be viewed in a separate window online and it should be possible for a
reader to understand the figure without moving back and forth between this window and the
relevant parts of the text Each legend should have a concise title of no more than 15 words
The legend itself should be succinct while still explaining all symbols and abbreviations
Avoid lengthy descriptions of methods
bull Each figure should be closely cropped to minimize the amount of white space
surrounding the illustration Cropping figures improves accuracy when placing the figure in
combination with other elements when the accepted manuscript is prepared for publication
on our site For more information on individual figure file formats
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
48
bull Individual figure files should not exceed 5 MB If a suitable format is chosen this
file size is adequate for extremely high quality figures
bull Please note that it is the responsibility of the author(s) to obtain permission from the
copyright holder to reproduce figures (or tables) that have previously been published
elsewhere In order for all figures to be open-access authors must have permission from the
rights holder if they wish to include images that have been published elsewhere in non-
open-access journals Permission should be indicated in the figure legend and the original
source included in the reference list
Supported file types
The following file formats can be accepted Detailed information for each file type can be
found by clicking on individual links
bull EPS (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull PDF (suitable for diagrams andor images)
bull Microsoft Word (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull PowerPoint (suitable for diagrams andor images figures must be a single page)
bull TIFF (suitable for images)
bull JPEG (suitable for photographic images less suitable for graphical images)
bull BMP (suitable for images)
Tables
bull Tables must be submitted in word (doc) or Excel (xls)
bull Tables must be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals in the text
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
49
bull Tables must have a concise and descriptive title
bull All explanatory information should be given in a footnote below the table
Footnotes should be used to explain abbreviations and provide statistical information
bull All abbreviations must be defined in this footnote even if they are explained in the
text
bull Tables must be understandable without referring to the text
bull Each table should be on a separate page after the Reference section in the submitted
manuscript Tables occupying more than one printed page should be avoided if possible
bull Vertical and diagonal lines should not be used in tables instead indentation and
vertical or horizontal space should be used to group data
bull AdaptingReproducing Tables and Relevant Permissions Acknowledgments of
original sources of copied material should be given as a reference in the table footnote
bull Tables must be cell-based do not use picture elements text boxes tabs or returns
in tables
Submission of Research Manuscripts
You are Ready to Submit Your Manuscript Text files can be submitted for review in the
following formats DOC or RTF
Files with figures can be submitted in the following formats EPS Excel JPEG
PhotoShop PowerPoint or TIFF
Electronic Submission
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
50
Detailed instructions for submission can be found on the Brazilian Journal of Medical and
Biological Research Manuscript Submission and Peer Review Web site Files are uploaded
individually and are combined into a single PDF file
Outline of the Production Process
Once an article has been accepted for publication the manuscript files are transferred into
our production system Manuscripts are then copyedited by professional copyeditors who
correspond directly with the authors concerning queries and corrections Any corrections
should be made before the article is formatted Once the article has been formatted PDF
proofs are generated so that authors can approve the final article The prompt return of
proofs by authors will expedite the production process
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
51
AUTORIZACcedilAtildeO
Autorizo a reproduccedilatildeo eou divulgaccedilatildeo total ou parcial do presente trabalho por qualquer
meio convencional ou eletrocircnico desde que citada a fonte
Paula Fernandes Aguiar
aguiarpaula89gmailcom
Recommended
