Upload
others
View
5
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS.VOL.]6,U1303,doillO.1029/2009GLO37971,20D9
曝曲
A躍一cb
Coseismic su由ce-r叩tures a醜{l crustal defbrma髄ons of the2008
We皿chua皿earth“uake伽7.9,China
Ken Xianshcng Hao,l Hon幻un Si,2Himyuki F切iwam,1and Taku OzawaI
R㏄civd28Fじbn」田γ20印9:冊viscd24Ap-12009;accoμ甜28Ap州200glpubli画甜4Ju口02009.
[1] Th¢iπegu12rly dis“ibu田d su血ce f五ult-njp賦s of凸c
Wcnchuaηea亘hquakc sp乱nηed over200km aloηg the
Longmen Shan(LMS)fault zone.Through ficldinves士lgati・ns,wc%undovcr10coseismicsu曲cc一四pしures,witb maximum vertical disp]acoments ofapproxima回y6m on the Yingxiu-Beichuan f加1t and2m
oηtheGu既nxian-Anxian飽ultlhowever,thee而re無口1t
mp血removcmcntwasstillnotclcarlyundc揺to・dsincchighωP・gmphica毘齢wcrcinacccssible.Th鵬,wcusedinte㎡セromet㎡c synthetic apc畑rc mdar(InSAR}s乱teUitc
obse四ations to cap田r廿wholc cogeismic s㎜伍ce-mpm肥s
a月d cmstal defbηnatioηs across the LMS魚口1旙.We㎝eated
a novcl bi一色ulトslip modcl to i口vc質f赴山一slips using IロSAR
infbnηation which yielded that thnlst fゑult-slips were
dominant at YingXiu、Houshenggou and B勾iaomiao ln
thone借一epiccntcr肥9mem,whi]ethedc漁1伍ult-slipswere dom{nan虚at Piτ1gto”g an通Nanba aIoηg tho no性hcast
gegmcnし、Thccombinati。n。f行cldinvcsdgati・nsandSimUlat{・nSSUg9㏄ted出atthe幅COSdSmiC伽1しZ・neSn」P㈱d with an iπegular su㎡蟄ce dis出butioηaccompanicd
by crus舳i defb㎜a“ons. Ci‘』60n: Hao, K、 X_ H. Si。
H.Fujiwaτa,alld T、Ozawa(1GO9),Co肥i馴mic su君hccイr」PLU毘s
and cru“aI {セronηa【ions o「 山e 20{)8 Wcllchuan oar口1quake
〃w・7.9,(rhina、σ酬]ρ∫りr5.Rε暫.Lα’.,36,LIBO3,doi=IO.1029/
2009GLO37971.
1. 1■亡roduc亡ion
[21The Mw7.9Wenchuan ea仙quakc of May l2,20080㏄urredon the northeastcm一面killg Longmon Shan(LMS〕
飽u1的heneath the steep eastem edge of the T沁e撫ηPlateau・
Thco・sclsmicmp眈sandcms由1dc拓皿ation・ccuπodover a lcngth of290km along thc LMS thrust belt.Ovcr
87,000peoplewe肥τeported dead oTmissingaηd morethan370,000呵ur巳d.Limc aロcl面on was paid to thc LMS fゑul的
regardingP・しentia11ys伽gca貢hquakesin1。ng-temle甜h-
quakcpn。didi。瑚。、9、,衛κ9副〃飢1993=伽9σ’・A・
19951.Although no exしraordinaりr ear伽quakes were下ccoωed,the LMS飴ults werc specu1蹴d to stiU be active
thr・ughvari。us罰ndingss・chasthe。ccuπcnce・faH・bcenc則pture[βμ雌1}dσωA,19951κ’吻回ρ’・}200318即吻1ε’,20041Dε’,側。’マピ’4L、20071・
[3】 The complicated and Iarge gcale rup枕res of the“ロake
causod tragic dam“gcs,as wcll as mised scientific in【erests
inscism・1。gyandtcc吐・nics、andncc臨i包tc“then副飾r
コNaLionu1R煕arc旧矧itロしotbr㎞SciC”oc㎜一1)is御世rP階㎝tion.
Tgukuba,」珊㎜、
2K。アoKoika㎞EngineehngIn・.、Tokyo,Jap卸.
Copy嘱hロ009byth6Am・一cnn(3eophysimIUni侃0094-827σ09/200ウGLO37971$05.00
immediatc dc的i]ed field investigations、ARer threo se㌫of
invcstlgations准bng the h㎝vily d乱maged-be穐ofthe LMS
免ults.wc conHmned over10coscismic sur伽ce一下uptu樹
invoMng a口east two long鉛ult zoncs,11-13km apah[正面。 e’8A,2008a、2008b,A preliminaりr{nvcstigation of
出ecoseismicsu血ce-nlp血eslbrWヒnchuanea曲quakcof12May2008、Sichuan,China,paper p㎎sented aUhc14th
World Con色n¢nce on Eadhqロakc Enginccring、Bc舅ing,
20081.Each mphlrc spot wns tmced over scvcral kitomcters
[』梅 ¢’ ロA,2008; L∫ e’ dL腎 20081, bLlt the 陀1ationship
be榊ecn山cse i口dividual恥ロ1トs[ip bcations nnd the entire
nlpt㍑system abng[ho LMS伽h was sdll uncleaT、The
detailedsu血ccinfbrmationatonga“ofthc伍u1的丑11d祀gions was“i稲cultand time coηsuming to co11㏄t thmugh
罰dd invcstigations due to the inaccc鮒ibiliりr of thls high
topognaphic ar¢a. F{nit¢ 臣u]t inversions 什om 伍r一行eId
wavefb下m infb㎜ation showed that the mptuTe5識貢cd価m
about l2km dccp且nd propagatcd nlong thc LMS街uk zonc[e、g、,、五’ρ”づ銑ζv側、2008]、but艶w details were seen on the
su㎡ヨ㏄.1ηversion of nca吟誦eld seismogmphs could aid in
obta{ロing det且ils or【he n1P[ure process but 廿1e strong
motioηda甑a†uund the亀ults is sti髄unavailable due to
politica1隅sons.Wit旧hc advan惚gcs of intcr艶mmc出c
synthet{c司pc貢u爬mdar(InSAR)tcchnology and ph麗ed
aπay叡pe L-band SAR(PALSAR)da的ob価ned f}om凹tcllite Advanced Land Ob、鵬ing Satelli㎏(ALOS)、we
werc abIe to unders亡and the whole movem㎝ts o『the fゑult-
zonc and thc cmstal ddb㎜ation aしa macro・scalc.Morc-
over,a f氣u]t-slip modd was created by integTatlηg thc行eld
r㏄ul偲w醗h int¢r俺rom¢廿ic in飴㎜aLion価m the seven pai据
of InSAR inte倫mgmm、Inve隠ioηanalysis of the elastic
half:・spacc dislocation thcory and simulation of磁ult-s踊ps
suggcstedtbat晩coscism{c伽ultzoncsn」ptunodwith㎜iπegu]ar sur飽cc dis伍bution as proven by ficld investiga-
tion~,alld the cmsねI dc偽11Tlatioηs obscrved by I11SAR
intcr断ogram.
2. Coseismic Sur飴ce Faロlts From Field
inves輔gado騨
[d Detailed行eld investi琶ation of the亀ult-sliP-is価u-
tions and crustal dcfb㎜atioηs was nccdcd俺r価rthcr
unde田面“ing of thc movemen佑of the LMS伍醐s andthe Tibetan pI紅te日u[8μ’℃均1’ε’e’σA.2008:Rqγ」召”α律義,
2008]as we丑吐as for smdying[he seism{c zonc m㏄hanisms
ofthe stmng-motions and souτ℃e pmcesses」出e LMS癒u脆
zonc consis幅ofth陀。 n痢or branchcs、thc Guaηxian-Anxian
(GX-AX}、Yiηgxiu-BeichuanくYX-BC),and Wenchuan-
Maoxiaη(WC-MX)伽1凪Our6eldiηves“ga“onsinJuneand October2008spanned I40km abng the LMS伍u]ts.including obs㎝a“ons at scven municipals〔Figu㎎ 1)、Tbe
invcstigation pmfilcs wcrc dis扇butcd mostly nlo口g dccp
LI1303 10f5
L11303 1{AO ET,へし.SURF.ACE-RUPTURES OF WENCHUAN EARTHQUへKE 1.n303
32一
31甲
103’fO41 105’
Figure1.Coscismic sur殆cc・nlpmrcs indicatcd by tlian呂1cs and closscs、and potcnしial acnvc飴ul熔showll by whltc
llncs[a続crκ’吻’d‘”,,20〔)3]㍑supe-mP・sed・nc。scismicc川staldefbrmati。ns。fh1SARin[e論r・騨mushgPALSARIALOS daぬ,a11〕undしhc castcm ma1召出of thc Tibctan plateau ill Siclman,〔:hin註・Thc1・uplurcs R〕und=aしBYD・
YX、HS(Flgure2乱)、BJM(Figure S1),QP〔Fi8u下。 S2)・GC〔Figu陀2b)・L(Flgu肥2c)andBC alongthcYX-BC fhult二at
P¶、NB.MW and SK abl唱thc cxtcndcd YX・BC拍u]t[乃イe’‘」ち200811aしH,Y(Figurc3a)、BL(Figurc3b)alld X【Fig惜rc S3)along thc(}X-AX虻蓋ult(sec T訊ble l fbr dc抱ils).0しhcr abbrcviatiolls arcI AC,Anchangl GX,DujiHngya11:WC,
Weilchuanl MX,Maoxian;QC.Qingchuエm,G下een circlos arc corresponding t〔)the simulIltiolls showηin Flgure4・
v呂Ueyspcrpendicu]a1・t。thcLMSt蓋u1的汀hcchallcn9㏄。f
thc看icldworkindudedune梱ctcdp。liticalrest-c[ionsonHccα駆t{)poltion~of LMS飴ults,inacc己ssiblc high-mou11一
位Linarcasd・et(1thchsk(lfland-stiding,andmadbbcksin1℃mo[c dccp vallcys、C〔〕scismlc su1一甑cc rup[ures伍u1“were
飴und oll thc YX-BC and GX-AX f加ks scparatod by
appr。x{ma回yll円一43km[c.9・涌’〔」’θ1・}21)09ゴ∫α・e’
‘’1.,2008a,200Rb1.
国 On the YX-BC f註ult,the c{)seismicイ為u!ts had pri-
ma-1yth1■sし一価ltsca甲swithamaximumdisplaccment。f
~6mve貢ica”yls。mc・fthcmwithadc畑1-slipdisplace-mcn[of~5mhoriz・n【ally,ThedisplaccmoηtwasαLlcu-
1a包duslngthccs重in・atcdsideanglcandthcrηca鵬dslopc(Table n、The、gc‘hrust-f≧Lults we下e fburld n虹BILiyund-
illg,Yinxuc,}loushcnggou 〔Figu1-c2a)・B乱ji且omlao(FigureSり,’Qi119Ping(FigureS2〕,Ga。chuanlFi型rc2bl・
Leigu(Figure2c),and Bcichロan as i■d{cated by triangles in
ドi四1℃1.O11[hcn。1iheas喘rdscgmentorthccx【endcdYX-
BC f吾ult,the right-slip displ紅cemcηts were dominant at
Pillgtoηg,Nanba.Mowan and Shikan[c.g.、X1,(ぜθ’r
20081.Thec。漁ηcdc。seismlcsurflLce一価tsspatlnedapp1・(〕ximatcIy200km lcng出but wi[h di~conしilmiしy.
ト10nthc(}X-AX伽k,しhcc。seismlcsu漁cc-faul紬addomlnantly thrust-fhult sca甲s with a maximum vortical
displaccmcnt of~2m at Hallwang,Yillghua IFiguro3a)
1AuxIII町1、・mclia1~・]u・a11乱hlelntl・c『πMLd。i:IO」029♂
10臼9(刊一〇37L}7!一
and B凪ilu(Flgup23b〕a~illdicated by cro鍋cs in Figurc I.
Accordingk油己landk〕rds,thcc。seismicthnlst一毛au1[scarps
occu㎜dbcsldcしhcold-scarpswhlchwerePo叙~ibIcpalco-
seismicf衰ults(Figure3a〕.Exccpt負〕rthedistinguishedsu1釦cc・rupturcs shown ill Figurcs2、3、S1,S2、and S3jn
gc・cml,m・st。fs曲ce-1-upmrespresclltcda1。w-anglc
prcssureridge・r臨一丁19。nthe仕11dedgη。undsud喜Lccina zolle spallning mally metcrs inwidth,making itdi価。山ω
collectaccuratedisp1Ilcclne応ユmddcイbnηati〔ms.S甘iαly
~pcaking,thcacquisiti・n。fprccisc~urfaccdc佑1・ηatk〕nis
llcarlyimP・ssiblcwithoutdetaitcdge・desicmcasu㎎mentbut with inSAR intα悔romctric methods,thc coseiヨm{c-
su曲㏄四ptu障s。nGX-AX佑ulしcanbecontinu。uslytmccdas shown in「igurc l.
[了]An。]寸hwcsト面kinglclヒーslipc・seismic6au1口nc。n-
trast to thc right-slip f吾ut鱈or m司。層ty o「the LMS movc-
mems、mptu紀d at Xiaoyudong(「igurc1〕with maximumdisPlaccmcntsoオ’2.8mh(}riz(〕mally、a口dl・5mvcrticaUy
(Figu肥S3)、
3. C㎜stal De掩rma“on From[口SARInterferogram
l31Mo~tohhe LMS甑ultssp註駁lcrosshigh topo騨iphicarcas whc1℃dc姐ilcd sur俺ce鵬vcstigatiolls werc c骨brtnul
yctlimited.SARinrc飛mmdry、b・wcvc1、画ycdanimp・r一
価trolein~uchlargcrcm・壷earcas、WeusedthcSARdamacquired by PALSAR sc1]sor equipmc”t(,睡ALOS duling
2007and2008什om蹴cndi1・呂甑ks471477.Thcsespan
20「5
1.11303 レ1’、O ET,へし SURF.一・、CE-RUPTURESoF W『ENC日UAN E,へRT卜IQし’一へKE L I I303
Table L Compahson Fa面一Slip o「Simula[bn[o the Mcasuremピnt
Sim醸ししi{獅
Siエr1 [一〇n i賦【dじ 「一且〔iしudc V¢rtical }lo一■onし=t1 Vcniじal Hoh70nし苺1 匹一〇C」“OI1,N“[c.ドi・則rc
暦
YRl.
x
RY[)
Yxl IS
BJMGcQP]一
Bcr叩
N日3
MW卓Sk自
1桝.165467
1餌.001537
103-9127{μ
103.762426
103.454350
103.4896呂2
103-615400
103-691970
K耳.[フ6670
1隅一11〔ゆ40
1偶一421462
K員.456呂リリ
[倒.677250
1個.83アリア0
1個.糾3S90
1餌一877720
31-46157マ
3]一319623
31.11 t815
3].188呂21
3D.9韓752エ
31.0652s23[.09953(]
31.1454]0
31.6ユ9900
31.57D I gO
31-77り574
31一呂29191
3!.05403臼
32.11〕OS I o
32-21〕6530
32.エ36190
1.511、
M“2.3m コ2m
l-85m
O.5m
2
M誤6.O
Mハ6-0 4-9
4-5
M“4.6 2.5
1.45
1.5
1.]
1.5
一一
Z.5■
〇
一〇.5]
一2-sm
o O -5
Sコ
一5■
一一Z.5
2-2■
_2目
一4.9
-2.5
一エ.4
一一Q.1
6
り321124
5目5』冒5
・ユ・『一・・一・4・
E Oユー2322 431101
o.6
-o.1
-2.2
-3.8
-1.3
-2-6
-2-6
-5.5
一一R.7
-2.呂
一7.3
-7.1
-3.4
-4.1
-4.了
2.ユ
Hコn“’a口9
Ym91m且『Figurc31し
R二Iih土h、Figurc3b
XI二旧yロ{bn誤.Figurcs3
BaiyLln-i]19日置crhokし上chi
Y巾‘・、i” ロ”Oushcn嬰{堀,F噛しlro2a
B硅iial)mia朕ドi彗LIrcSl
Ga〔祀hu㎜.ド1且urc2h
Qi”君ping,ドi呂urc S2
しじi即.ドigur亡エ〔
Beich㎜n
Pingtし}n理
N日nba
、{o“一且n
Shik口n
肚回icr燕’ω’一20031、
thcentirc勉uh-51ip~Zoneacr。ssしhcLMSf執ul“・レb註nd
SARisgcnerallyidcalinheavi!yvegct=Ltedareas接ndexpcricncc Ics5tcmporal decor陀1atioll bccause ofi[s ability
t。pencttモしtcm・redeeplyam。ngstvcgetati〔、n・WcapPli。d
the two-p註ss di郡crential InSAR mcthod m rcmove thc
topogmphic cont百butio11,whcre the SRTM-3V4dig“alclcvatioηmodcl{DEM)was uscd[.加〔廊。’oね20【)呂].
角ず∫’㌧賀“uピ∫ρだsμ9991mcthod was cmployed to rcducc
[hcm{)istatmosphchcc備ds.回Wholc乱1-cas of cmgtal delb㎜utlon and c㈱ismlc一
伍ul[swcrec・pmrcdbya~ct。rn。1仙已astl肩ngcs,whG1℃cach。ncc。π巳sp。ndedt。adlsplacement。f11.8cn・in[he
li01e一。f=sight、Ab〔〕utHt・9価・gcs、c・rrcsp・11dingt。りOto
100cm。rthcdisplaccmen区of[hcc・ntinu。usdc代}rma-
tions,wcrcidentl負ed飯}mthcChcngduhasillt・wardlhcGX-AX伽11.Thclトing“・し。四alssh。匪。ηcdapPr。ach1119
thc 伍ults until tllc什ingcs dl舘PPcared du¢to {ncohcrcncc
at Dt中angyan(GX)、Bnilu(BL),Yin呂hu鴛(Y)and Hh“wang
(H〕,wherethcco~にi~micsu浦acc一即ptu隅weロ℃偽undml㏄a“ons sh〔)wn by cτosses in Figuτ℃ L Thc intclfcTo-
9mm als{)showcd hingcs副。τ19 [hc extcnsion(}f thc
GX-AX飴111t,whichdemo1・stmtedthcsamc行11dingsasour 「leId invcgti巨ati吐〕n rhat coscis]nic-1㌔Lul“ cxtelldcd
ncithcr souしhwcs[over GX,nor n{)rthc聞しovc1’AC whcre
Mcsoz〔〕ic飴ults rcmaiηinac[lve as pointed byκ∫ψレd dノ.
[2003].
Figure2.Typicalc。scismicthmst-f白ult㏄mpsa1・ngrhcYX-BC伽1虹wlththemaximumvc貢ica1。鰍室sapP「oxlmately(a)伽hαwcenah〔川ドcandhackyardat日S田。ushcn9呂・u〕・whc1℃thccahI酬IUhullgbdwecηsunkcnwi1℃’11。le~こ
㈲4.9mbc[weennh。uscanddriveway出GC〔(}a・chu副Φh。t。byln。kuchiLwheredcxtmldisplaccm¢ntm。vcdthch。us面undaしi。1・by2mlalld(c)4、6maしし〔Lci叫whcre伍・ηIH1・dw器clcva亡cd・SccFゆreHbrl。c劔[i。ns・
30「5
1」l l303 HAO ET.へ【..SURF〈C-E-RUPTURES OF WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKE L l l303
F{gロre3.Examples of coscismic thrust-f翫ult scarps with
over2m ve貢icaこ。臨[aIong山e GX-AX飴ult illdicated by
cro器esinFigu爬1,at(a)Y〔Yin菖hu二し〕,Shi飴ngCity、whe祀
[hc・ld-sca甲・脱しbc[w㏄1・しhc帥・1・calsinbackgmund
was possibly[he palcoscismic鉛uk and(b)しhe clcva包d
schoolyard at BL(Bailu一),Pengzhou City.
[101 Alongしhe YX-BC fむult,重hc丘inges couldηot be
idellt而cd徹レm「nSAR imcT允π〕gmm duc虹。 incohc肥nce.
ThcIaτgerdefbnnati・n7。ηe,whc祀thc騨y翫L即en惚tl。ns
h二Ldawid【hof~30kmonthesouthwcs壷emsc即entand~10km・nno杭hcas吐scgmollt,c・vcrcdthcc・一scismicsur鉛cc mpturcs and thc entlre YX-BC ac“v¢f琶u1鱈.This
SARinte雨mmcしrici11負〕1mationmaybcindica[ivcof眈ねult-slips oηboth YX-BC and GX-AX亀ul匡aloηg thc
LMS飴ult■(}nc inclu面ng thc inaccossiblo high topographic
are棚.Thc inじohc陀ncc was prim田ily due to thc movomcnt
ofcoseismlo一億ultsacc・mpaniedbyc和stald面・ηati・n・Mcallw員ilc,the contilluous伍ngcs wcrc identi配d什om
W(「to MX,while the翫鼎hwcstcm segmc厳of thc WC-
MX飽ul凶wasinvolvedinthelargcrdelbnηationzoncncarthc cpicen亡cr、
4.InversionoftheFault-S[ip3n且Simulatio”of
the C㎜5tal Deformation
[111Bascd on thc ficld works and thc lnSAR intc■bro-
9田m,wcc。マ1蜘ctedabi一台ault-slipm・dclwith榊。wes【一
dipPing“aul蝋TahlcS1)aspmj。c紀d。nFigu1℃4・批f琶ults were dividcd int〔,5km by5km良田1t scgmen岱and
山e fゑult-sllp vector at each scgment was cstimatcd by
hlveロ・sion anaIysis {)f the claslic haIf-sp註』ce dislocari〔〕11
thcory[0臨ぬ,19851.Thelnve蘭nan拙lysis(,fthebi-f加1t-slip modcl w』based on1600avcmgc displユccmcms,
which wcロ・c rcduc¢d by the Quadt1’cc algodLhm「Sπ〃’(”
o”〃既ゐ’,¢’・、19881什oml,885,3㈱slaηt-mngcchangesof
thc lnSAR data、111thc inve蔦ion analysis,a smo〔〕thncss
constrain壷of the飴utトslip distribu止ion was uscd to stabi-
1{zc thc rcsul儘 and thc srrcngth of thc cons廿nint was
dc紀nηincd while minimi7i口g the AB「C Chtcrionμ㎞疎。,
19801.
[121From山e inversi(〕n o『血ult-slips acmss[he entirc
LMS伽uIts,the laTge下vertical dゆ1acemen徳along A’一A”
〔Figurc4),occurnじdat2.1m,4m,241几4.5mand3、8m俺r Yingxiu(Yxl,QingPing(Qp一〕,Ga㏄huan〔GQ、Leigu
〔L)、and Beichuan{BC一}、rcspectively{丁乱ble1〕、Most of
thcm have a predominam ve“ical componcllHhat士i“hcth下ust一飴uk chamc【c-stics.Morc〔}ver,the hori70ntal dis-
placomc鳴wcrc domilln臨1t at PT、NB,NWand SK on tllc
n。貢he蹴msegments乱bng出。飴ukA-A’、wh㎝cwereconsislcnt w誌h obsclvユ“ons[κ1,c’σ’.,2008].Howcvcrjhe
gimuIBted vcrtic紅l slipga叢HS and B」M weresmallcrwhile
thこhoTizo漁lonesalLanUBCwerclargerthanthcobscrvcd,whcτc亀ult junctions supposcdly playcd complcx
mles on seglnen捻of[hc YX-BCねults、On倣ult B-B’
(Figurc4).thcinve脱dsu1伽。伍ul出一slipswcrcl・6m・
2.OmandO.9m,versusthcobserved1.5m,2、3mand2mat Hanwang(H),Yinghua(Y)and Bailu{Bl)Jespectlvcly、
asindicatcdbyTableLTl・c{ヤinges・fthcsynthcricintcr悔rogmm generated fトom the simulaしi{)n werc goucτally
consistcnt wlth the obgc四ed〔,nes ofInSAR intcr俺rogram
齢sh・㎜bytheclTclesinFlgurc4.Thedi脱rcnc邸between
FigUTeslandS4v三一ed什。mlessthaη・nc伺ngeatthcwestm・s伽ck叩totwo什11・gcsinthcc劉(FigurcS5}漁cionosphe面。 e“セcts.atmospheric cf翫ts and post-scismic
dcfb㎜atio11~〔)fthc tmck・pairs m且y have becII included i”
somc鵬Lcks and absent飾om othe布.Thc results concluded
thatthc[wo coscismic飴u1的ruptu1・巳d simu1由ncouglydu出1g
thequakcacc。mpaniedbyc。sclsmiccrustaldc偽㎜εti。nsinしhc whde rcgion、
5、 Summary
[B] Wc documcntcd the coseismic su血ce一「uPm「cs oc-
[urrencc onしhe Yingxiu-Beichuall and the Guanxian・
Anxian 飴u[齢ro bc thc cause of tho disa“rous Wcnchun腿
ea貢hquake.Usingthcsatc口itehSARtc伽。bgy,wccap-turcd thc cntilu crus血I dcfb口旧tions乱cms訓hc LMS伍ul凶.
Comblning thc dda“ed行cld rcsults with intc飛ro1ηetric
inlbrmaしion,wcdorivedthebi一飴uk-shpmodelalldpc1’一食〕ηηcdtheinve糖i(,”analysis・fthc伽1t-slipd{s廿lbuti〔m・
Thc{nveTse適飴u團ipdisplacomen“revealedthatthemovcmcn[ofしhrusし倣ul[一slip was dominallt ncar the cpi-
center,alo㎎肛he YX,HS and BJM scgment、whilc the
dcxロ・1“ault-sIipwasd・1ninanlaしBC,PT.andNBalonglhc
no“11eastsc騨ent,both・fwhicha肥gen㎝11yconslstentwith obsen侃tioηs.The co“rbination of[he fiold由vestiga-
tion with thc lnSAR observation and simulation wl[h thc
P障1imiηa甲伽lt-sllpm・delsug9醜dthatthe脚。。9eis-mic f吾ロ1ts r叩tured simultancou“y accompanied by cn卦血l
dc佑11nati〔msinthe陀gio几
40「5
L立1303 HAO ET AL.:SURFACE-RUPTURES OF WENCHUAN EARTHQUAKEL11303
缶”轍r r爵、く’ ,
一 ”一 一一 一 〇 50 100サ
{・f祷伽
‘+“鰯 。 {占1;㌔
r 導il /一 、
-.庇32曙一^言、、
3ギ し
佑3’ 一望
。イ寄継ザ
{
一一貌、
一一ず『f、=〆 匹
.. 蜻癩鯵/一
毅\貸
■
麟
耳
o 4 8121m]
A
麟鋭 \
\ 攣一、』
Fi型re4.S{mulati・n。fc・sei翫ηic刎働dcms惚1de飾rmati・nba蜘。n罰cldinv㏄tigat{・nandUηSARint繭m即m・The bi.fゑult modcl伽blc S1)was derived as山e pmjected on A-A’一A”and B-B’.職e la1君est displacemc11旛㏄curned
mngingatBC-L,㏄一QEandB刑一HS-YXa1。ηgthc伽1tA’一A”⑳mo・9t・2mete偲a1。ngthe鰍B-B1(恥blel)・C・1・rbar indica雄“hc amoum of亀ult-slip and amows indicatc止。伍uk sbp vcctors on the佑uk-pla口。(Fig皿陀s S5and S6fbr
dcta龍s).The lcd£rs stand fbr出。 location ns sho㎜in Figロm1.
【14]A面酬。“罵m。臨W。幅kXuc・cWen・。fSich[]卸S¢iSI瞭1㎎icamur剛;Gu・qhng伽、」i飢gchen君Ht]㎝9・fMH巳・(一’AS;㎝dTak雌hiln。㎞c』面r即P・h・fs㏄。nd明囮dlnv“Lig凪i。tLThmk副5。し。已m{lyH・。佑rpdishing配ma皿sc-pt・We照即眈lt・amnym。田rovicwc隠.恥PAI8ARIcve11.0出血provi心edbyJAXA,w器伽rcd皿・。ngロ・。P]罵[、c耶。diし㎜un-eraじ。・隔晩rcsc五四11。・畑“軸
ER],Univ.T。ky・.The。照隠hip。r睡A誌A醗伽bc1・ngs[・METI皿d
JAXA.丁幡s面yw抵即P。貢。dbyth。5陣i由pr。.i顔面r血cW。紬u㎜
。a仙quakc価mNIED、1日pa1剛]d剛1ysupP。酬byjSPSJ叩肌
RefヒrencesAk加kc.H、‘1980〕.Likclihooda10dBaycsprocαiuR=jn丑星置・3’“”&如后‘’じ臥
紬記肋yJ.M.Bem且rd。㏄ai..PP、143-166、Univ・P職Valenci角
Spain.
Bu凹1・月。1,B.C.i2004〕.New鵬h1DI螂Ncw呂亡。]。gi劇cha11en9帆G翻
嗣‘リゾィ,4-10.Bt肛hliel.B.C.,Z.(『隔cn,Y.Liu,a」1d L.11.Royd{”〔]995〕、1㏄心。ロi㏄o『
theLρng那nSh卸副即。君nt畑D岱,加・伽’・R御・37・66i一一735・Bロrch負cI、B.C..亙..H.Royden.R.D.va口{LerHilst、BjLHager,Z.Ch㎝.
R.W.king.〔:.Li,J.しほ,”,Yao.a”一E、Kirby l2008),A g召dogioal血d
9。叩hysic田。・11t。叉ゆrIh。Wcn⊂』ua11。ad』qLL詠。・f12May2008・
Sichuan,Pにoplc「sR亡P曲Iic。r(:hi舶、G翻乃‘娠∫8・4-U・
Dc刊smo忙,A.L.,肌A,E“is.Y、Li,R.ZI】叫G、S、Hallcock、an- N.Rioh訂d医on{2007)、八。廿vo龍[Lonics oftho B¢ichmn㎜己Ponggロ皿
触1幅a仙亡east。mmargi・・fth西b漁Pla忙au、丑・ε’・’甑26・TC4005・
doi:10.1029’20D6TCOO19ε7-
F函iw訂匙S.,M.Tob肱M.M瓢aknmiJL Nakagawa、an-R A.Ros㎝{1999〕,Ba蜘亡傭rminati。na・dc叩。Iati。n。』帥・5ph。ricd。lay
in-u副byt卯。9即一y。rS八kintcr色r。me剛1hrprcc醜s曲。。char8。心ct緬on{in」a脚鄭〕,」σ齢’勘。,加一イ5」圭5-325・
H釦.K.X、、11.F吋iw血Ta,即dH.Si庵2①08a),A爬P・面n㈱iw雌tig揖i・n
†br山。200臼W廿nch脚ea虞hquコkc.china⑪切出・削)W店D掘邸・ ’屏.12一一17.〔Availab比m bUp≠廟w.b㏄ai・go・jp!1ibmryk_n翻sjm『
kn亡wsl畠、国OHaこK.X..H.Si.”.1㍉中w証ra.田U T,Ozawa〔2008b』C賂。血mio色ul憶測1d
Cr凶do偽m1昼tion accomp餌icd thoユOO8W¢nc恥an㎝hq聞kc、{:hin日、
by個dinv醜滋i。n㎝dlnS^Rin瞭m呂r抑}飾3肋』“G{ノ・那3)・ Fa11M㏄t.Suppl.,Ab蜘“U23B、0056.
Jaハ・is、A..H、].Reuにr.A,Nel三〇n.釦n通E,(〕ucvam〔2008〕。11010一†1]1rd
SRTMgOlnDi彗itaIEI¢vati。nDa頃V4」1、http=”www.ko1・ac・ukr「sd…1〕SSP醜。。gmt・hyr描㎝[卜・ぱomm!9㏄吻血∫ω帥vi岬・h血1・lnLConし・
飾rTrOP.Ag-c.,{:a』.C。t・mbia・
Ji,C.,a甜G.H読yes(2008〕,Proliminaザ下。甜1t o「thcM江y I2,2008Mw79
0』転=m Sichua皿,Chilla¢訂廿1qu日長七、U.S.GooL Su脚・,Rc獣on・V瓦〔Ayail-
ablcath口Pが繭・akc.㎎s、B・v/eq㎝t眈qinlh㎝購控00臼r鳩2008叩四一
面輪_㎞1LphP)Kirby,E.,K.X.Whipplo.W.Tan呂、a”d Z.C卜匿[1〔2003〕、Dis■buLion o「
面vcr㏄k叩linab咄heに蹴mm㎎in・f出eTib細田鋤u=1繭r一 ㎝ccs椚rombo-rockch』nnclbngimdi口alprom郎.」一σ町触5-R■3・・ ノa醗B4).221フ.doi:IO.10ユ~解200]JBOOOB6L
[.i.Y.,ct al.(200寧),SLロr伍cc rupnlrc md dcfbmla西on or Jro Yingxiu-
Boieh㎜伽1しby出e We口ch㎜㎝h⑩e(in Chi隙。}一如σrol. ト弱”.一霞2,1醐8 -170フ.
〔)ka血,Y.d995〕,Stl{cod面㎜9しionduc伯shεar皿dにnsile侮ul〔sina
加弊paoe、β1’”.、r’蜘・’、εoc.一間.,75、H35一」1風
R。y伽.L.H..B.C,Buτch恥し㎝dR.D.v皿d。d晋ilsし{2003),Thc暮。。1・gi。a工群・h!口。n。紬cTi比加nPl“閲,翫∫~一1α・・」2’」0斜一1058・
Samot,”..副R.E.W‘bb顔198駐)」]i仁raTchic田幡s伽om心血一直19か
一th舳恥roompu琵rgmpllics.1.下ULlda皿・曲JEEどC・卿”一働ρ廊 一月”二,δ,48-68、
Ta119かR、C.and WjIm U993〕,”〔一’惚凡摺∫な㈹4五ロ”勿μ画5∫’1∫∫‘’加ロ’]
Pro吻cr(iロChin醒).360PP..E韻hquako,Boijing・丁韻g,R.(’、、Z.”uang、S.M鼠Y.Gong日田1-R.Zou〔1995}、Basic ch訂一
a観巳r濾しicsorac虚ive悟亙IltzonesinSichua皿prDvinccOnChillcsc),S■∫5肝。正
σ‘・o’.、4,390-396.
Xu,X..CL al.‘ユ(誕,8).TheMs80w㎝ch旧”㎝rth叩iake珊■社㏄mpmr邸and
i隙ISm叫㎝ic劇画r。(i“C{in岡,&『醐1一伽∫・・30・50フー629・
H.F両iwa臥K.X.Ha。,andT、伽賦N瓢i。・a1R-hln曲瞳恥「E舳Scio爬&D面皰rPr¢ven石on.3-ITcn口曲i,丁訓kuba.「h抽305-ooo6,Jap㎜.{bユ咽b纈、9・.ip〕
H.Si.k6zoXcika㎞Engin㏄一回目Inc.,“一3Chuo、Nak皿・・ku,Toky。
1酬一〇〇11、J叩an。
50f5