Jornadas de Climatização

Ordem dos Engenheiros 13 de Outubro de 2011

Helder Gonçalves

• Em direcção aos Edifícios

de Balanço Energetico

Zero

Tópicos a abordar...

Contexto actual

NZEB - definição, conceito

Como alcançar o estatuto NZEB?

Edifício SOLAR XXI: em direcção

à energia zero

International Energy Policy

USA: “The building technologies program outlines the technology portofolio and activities

that are necessary to achieve our strategic goal of net zer-energy buildings (NZEB) at

low increment cost by 2025.” [www1.eere.energy.gov/buildings/about/,01/2007]

UK: “The objective of the proposal is to set a timetable for movinf towards zero carbon

development as a contribution to meeting the UK target to reduce carbon emission by 60%

by 2050.” [Department for Communities and Local Government, 13th of December 2006 press release]

Austria: “Vision 2050 on energy in buildings: The building stock of the year 2050 should be

in total over the entire life cycle (involves the production and operation of the building) free of

any carbon emissions.” [www.e2050.at/pdf/energie_gebauede.pdf]

Netherlands: “In the Netherland, the government and the construction sector aim at

achieving energy neutral new construction in 2020.” [Chiel Boomstra, Trecodome]

Germany: “ From current point of view future capable buildings are building architectural

demanding with high user comfort, minimal energy demand, optimized technological

equipment, meaningful integration into large energy supply systems as well as together

economical energy demand cover. Zero emission houses are the long-term objective.” [“Das 5.Energgieforschungsprogramm der Bundesregierung”, BMWA, 07/2005

RECAST EPBD

DIRECTIVE 2010/31/EU OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 19 May 2010

on the energy performance of buildings

(recast)

Article 9

Nearly zero-energy buildings

1. Member States shall ensure that:

(a) by 31 December 2020, all new buildings are nearly zero- energy buildings;

and

(b) after 31 December 2018, new buildings occupied and owned by public

authorities are nearly zero-energy buildings.

Member States shall draw up national plans for increasing the number of nearly

zero-energy buildings. These national plans may include targets differentiated

according to the category of building.

NZEB - definição

Energy

consumption

Energy

production

Input = Output

• Heating

• Cooling

• Lighting

• Hot Water

• Appliances

x Kwh

Energy

Demand

Energy

Supply • Electricity

(PV, wind, geothermal)

• Thermal (Solar, Geothermal )

y Kwh

Necessidades energéticas (kWh/m2a)

50 100 150

Pro

dução d

e e

nerg

ia (

kW

h/m

2a)

50

100

150

Limite regulamentar (Ntc)

Balanço Zero

Necessidades energéticas (kWh/m2a)

50 100 150

Pro

dução d

e e

nerg

ia (

kW

h/m

2a)

50

100

150

Limite regulamentar (Ntc)

Balanço “Quase” Zero

Balanço Zero

Energy Demand

Ene

rgy S

up

ply

Imposição regulamentar

Medidas de ee

Melhoria Voluntária

Promotor/Proj.

Como alcançar NZEB

• The annual heating energy demand of the Passivhaus proposed for Portugal has been estimated as 16.9 kWh/m2.year, of which 11 kWh/m2.year are supplied by the solar system (in this analysis priority of the solar system is given to heating and the solar fraction for domestic hot water is 48%)

• The annual cooling energy demand is 3.7 kWh/m2.year

• The sum of net heating and cooling demand is 9.6 kWh/m2.year

Passivhaus Portugal – Energy Performance

Predicted annual heating demand (red) and cooling demand

(blue) for Standard House and Passivhaus in Lisbon

5.9

73.5

32.0

3.7

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

Standard House (DL 80/2006) Portugal Passivhaus

kW

h/m

2

U-value for roof is 0.23 W/m2.K and for walls is 0.32 W/m2.K

Como alcançar NZEB

Necessidades energéticas (kWh/m2a)

50 100 150

Pro

dução d

e e

nerg

ia (

kW

h/m

2a)

50

100

150

Limite regulamentar (Ntc)

Balanço Zero

?

?

Como alcançar NZEB

1º passo: reduzir as necessidades energéticas do edifício

• Iluminação eficiente

• Equipamentos eficientes

• Sistemas passivos

• Iluminação natural

• Ventilação natural

• Optimização térmica da envolvente

• Optimização dos ganhos solares

Tecnologias Estratégias

Sistemas eficientes

Integração urbana

Como alcançar NZEB

2º passo: produção de energia

Energy Demand

Energ

y S

upply

Imposição regulamentar

Medidas de ee

Melhoria

Voluntária

Promotor/Proj.

Contribuição

das ER

Contribuição das Energias Renováveis

IEA SHCP Task 40 / ECBCS Annex 52 Towards Net Zero Energy Buildings Prof. Karsten Voss

University Wuppertal, School of Architecture, Building Physics and Technical Services, Germany

Towards Net Zero Energy solar Buildings (October 2008 – September 2013)

PT

Solar Settlement Freiburg, Germany

Architecture and Concept: Rolf Disch

11,000 m² area with 59 terrace houses,

3,150 m² roof integrated PV,

district heating network

Plus Energy Settlement”

Energy balance of 21

terrace houses in the

Freiburg Solar Settlement

(56 homes in total) on the

basis of monitoring results.

The monitoring proofs the

design as „plus energy

homes”. All sectors of

energy use are included.

Solar Settlement, Freiburg Architecture and concept: Rolf Disch

note: 100 kWh/m²y = 32 kBTU/ft” y

basis: source energy, non renewable (0.9, 2.7)

“plus energy”

0

50

100

150

200

0 50 100 150 200

total source energy consuption in kWh/m2a

total source energy credits in kWh/m2a

Solaire – Battery Park City, NY: 33 kWp USGBC LEED – Gold Architect: Cesar Pelli

Cortesy

ex. Canada

http://www.enob.info/de/nullenergie-plusenergie-klimaneutrale-

gebaeude-im-stromnetz-20/nullenergiegebaeude-karte-internationaler-

projekte/

0

50

100

150

200

0 50 100 150 200

total source energy consuption in kWh/m2a

total source energy credits in kWh/m2a

note: 100 kWh/m²y = 32 kBTU/ft” y

basis: source energy, non renewable (0.9, 2.7)

SOLAR XXI - Energy performance

SOLAR XXI NZEB Performance

0

50

100

150

200

0 50 100 150 200

energy credit (kWh/m2.y)

pro

du

cee

ne

rgy

(RE

S)

energy consumption(kWh/m2.y)

reducing building energy demands

standard valuebuilding regulation Building in accordance with actual

building code+typical buildingrelated loads

Improved standard + Typicalbuilding related loads

Use of efficiency measures (passivetechniques and strategies)

Use of renewable energies

Feed-in credit

Feed-in credit (estimated in 2011)

OBRIGADO