Geosteering And/Or Reservoir Characterization The …/media/Files/technical_papers/spwla/spwla... · GEOSTEERING AND/OR RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION THE PROWESS OF NEW -GENERATION LWD

SPWLA 51st Annual Logging Symposium, June 19-23, 2010

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GEOSTEERING AND/OR RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION THE PROWESS OF NEW-GENERATION LWD TOOLS

Rudolfo Beer, Luiz Cláudio Terço Dias, Antonio Mainieri Vieira da Cunha, Márcio Roque Coutinho,

Gustavo Henrique Schmitt, PETROBRAS; Jean Seydoux, Chris Morriss, Emmanuel Legendre, Jian Yang, Qiming Li, Augusto Carvalho da Silva,

Paolo Ferraris, Eustaquio Barbosa, Ana Beatriz Felício Guedes, SCHLUMBERGER.

Copyright 2010, held jointly by the Society of Petrophysicists and Well Log Analysts (SPWLA) and the submitting authors.

This paper was prepared for presentation at the SPWLA 51st Annual Logging Symposium held Perth, Australia, June 19-23, 2010.

ABSTRACT Geosteering measurements that accurately predict oncoming strata in high-angle and horizontal wells are the dream of all well operators and an important responsibility for service companies. To perform this task, service companies have developed measurements that produce both wellbore images and petrophysical data. These measurements identify the structural dip of formations and characterize reservoir properties. The depth of investigation of these measurements are typically no more than a few centimeters from the wellbore, and are therefore limited to mapping only the first nearby geological boundary. A new deep electromagnetic (EM) logging-while-drilling (LWD) tool currently in field test extends the depth of investigation to 30-m or more from the well bore. The depth of investigation provided by the new LWD tool allows detection of multiple strata over long horizontal distances. The hardware was tested in three different horizontal wells. Each well had a horizontal reach of at least 600-m. The new measurement system allows identification of multiple resistivity layers that correspond to different geological interfaces. In one of the wells, an important formation top was identified at a vertical distance of 5-m true vertical depth (TVD) from the well bore trajectory that had an inclination of 87°. This corresponds to a predicted distance of more than 75-m before the bit crosses the interface. Individual layers in the horizontal section were visible for horizontal distances that exceeded 450-m and at radial distances from the wellbore that varied between 17 and 27-m. This detection capability gave a high level of confidence in the geosteering process. Not only did the measurements improve the correlation between geological markers, but they also attracted the attention of the reservoir geologists who used these observations to map geological features.

To date, our experience with the new deep EM LWD tool has allowed us to map a sandstone pinch out, map a region influenced by the washout of water injection in the field, delineate reservoir continuity, and identify a sub seismic fault. These types of heterogeneities are important features that impact fluid flow and our understanding of the reservoir. The data delivered by this new LWD tool provides more geological information than any other technology currently available in the market. This technology provides valuable information that can be used by geologists and operational engineers to map and monitor the reservoir.

INTRODUCTION Initially, horizontal wells were drilled geometrically, i.e., they were placed in 3-dimensional targets with little or no proactive adjustments to the well trajectory. Starting in the 1960´s, Hayward (Meador et al, 2009) established mud-logging systems that combined cuttings descriptions with mud and drilling information. These systems constituted the first available well steering technology. However, due to geological complexities, the well path frequently crossed reservoir boundaries resulting in long non-productive sections, which in turn affected the wells productivity or injectivity. Real time measurements improved in the late 1970´s with the introduction of electromagnetic (EM) LWD propagation tools operating at a frequency of 2 MHz. In the 1980´s, service companies developed borehole LWD compensated resistivity measurements that were derived from the attenuation and phase shift of EM waves traversing the formation (Clark et al, 1988). At low relative dip, measurements of horizontal and vertical resistivity allow estimation of important formation properties such as electrical anisotropy of sedimentary rocks and an understanding of resistivity polarization horns. (Soares & Coutinho,1998; Bittar et al, 2009).


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Following the introduction of real-time transmission of log measurements, the well path can be adjusted (i.e., geosteered) in real-time by operator and service company personnel. The geosteering process can be conducted in three different modes:

a) Passive. Log measurements are used only for stratigraphic positioning, without any change in the well trajectory.

b) Reactive. Log measurements with shallow depth of investigation are used to identify a bed boundary. If necessary, the well trajectory is adjusted after the boundary crossing.

c) Proactive. Log measurements with shallow and deep depth of investigation are combined to predict an oncoming boundary, and the well trajectory is adjusted relative to the bed boundary position.

Reactive geosteering relies on the detection of bed boundaries, or fluid contacts, using the depth of investigation and the vertical resolution of different sensors (Chou et al, 2005). For example, by combining real-time resistivity images with gamma and bulk density images, the direction of the boundary crossing relative to the wellbore trajectory can be determined (Dowla et al, 2006). An EM LWD tool with very deep depth of investigation of up to 30-m was previously shown to significantly extend the detection range of boundaries and fluid contacts (Seydoux et al, 2004), thus enabling proactive geosteering. However, because of an axially wound antenna design, the tool did not provide any directional sensitivity. With the successful introduction of a commercial EM LWD tool that uses transverse and tilted antennas (Li et al, 2005), directional geosteering with respect to boundary positions became possible. Tools having directional capability from several service providers have since become available for commercial geosteering applications. The boundary detection range for these measurements is typically in the 3 to 4-m range. The new deep EM LWD tool presented in this paper has very deep depth of investigation of 30-m or more, and directional sensitivity to boundary positions, and is capable of detecting multiple strata over long horizontal distances. Kennedy et al (2009) and Omeragic et al (2009) highlighted the importance of using these types of measurements for geosteering, not only due to the ability to anticipate oncoming boundaries for well placement applications but also to provide geological information for reservoir geologists. For example, the detection (or mapping) of distant boundaries that are not crossed by the wellbore.

Measurements with deep depth of investigation are very important in our applications. These measurements allow optimal placement of the well in the reservoir target; thereby optimizing production. In addition, these measurements are important for the well landing phase and can be used to potentially eliminate costly pilot wells. Due to its capability of monitoring multiple boundaries, our experience with the new deep EM LWD tool showed several capabilities that were not previously available. In addition to real-time geosteering, the tool measurements can be used for reservoir characterization. The new deep EM LWD measurements were recently tested on three wells. During the drilling of the wells, inversions using these measurements were included in the chronological real time reports and compared to inversions from the commercially available EM LWD tool. Resistivity inversions were compared to density and gamma ray images, where available. Formation dip estimation was found to be in good agreement amongst the different methods. EXAMPLE WELL # 1 The first example is a well that will produce from two sandstone reservoirs, here identified as RESA and RESB. The reservoirs are separated by a laminated interval. The planned well trajectory intersects the top of RESA at an approximate inclination of 74°. Approximately 90 to 100-m of RESA will be drilled while slowly building angle before reaching the laminated interval. The laminated section is expected to extend approximately 70-m measurement depth (MD), before encountering the top of RESB at an angle of 88°. After RESB is encountered, the well inclination will be increased to 90° for navigating a distance of 450-m MD in the RESB reservoir that has an estimated true stratigraphic thickness (TST) of 15-m. While in the RESB reservoir, it is important to maintain a safe distance from both the laminated interval on top and the base of the reservoir below. The formation structures at this location are relatively well known, due to several nearby and adjacent wells that were used to construct the initial geological model. The RESA and RESB boundary positions were estimated using the correlation wells and seismic data. These data identified several control markers that could be used for navigation control.


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This initial structural model was used for pre job planning. That is, the geology model was used to simulate log responses along the planned trajectory. Inversion of the simulated logs predicts the bed detection capabilities of the new measurement system. Real Time Data Inversion For this well, the new deep EM measurements were performed at two measurement spans; referred to as span 1 and span 2 with span 2 being the deepest. Figure 1 shows a real time inversion of the data through the crossing of the RESA base and the laminated section. The top of RESA was identified over a 45-m distance (between

XX550 and XX600-m MD), and at distances of up to 17-m true vertical depth (TVD) above the well trajectory. The base of the RESA unit was clearly detected over 30-m MD interval before it was intercepted, and at distances up to 7-m TVD below the well trajectory. After the base of RESA was intercepted, the base could be mapped for nearly 70-m MD at a maximum distance of 7-m TVD above the well trajectory. The inversion shown in Figure 1 was computed using measurements from both measurement spans. The detection range was up to 30-m TVD (radial distance from the wellbore), and 3 to 5 distinct resistivity interfaces were identified that can be associated with geological markers.

Figure 1. New deep EM LWD real time inversion showing the first target (RESA) crossing. Distances indicate the position of the top and base of RESA relative to the wellbore trajectory. THL = Total Horizontal Length. Conventional resistivity measurements and images are sensitive to the laminations near the base of RESA; however, after drilling only 27-m MD and 4-m TVD into the laminated zone, conventional logs (i.e., gamma ray, neutron and density) are essentially featureless. The laminated section between RESA and RESB is composed of multiple thin beds that have low resistivity contrast. Because of the low contrast, measurements from the commercial EM LWD tool did not give advanced detection of the top of RESB. Conversely, the new deep EM LWD tool measurements showed the ability to

resolve the laminated interval. Individual laminations were detected and tracked over a TVD range of approximately 10-m, as shown in Figure 2. Figure 3 shows that first detection of the approaching RESB top occurred at about XX650-m MD, approximately 75-m before the top was intercepted, and 5-m TVD below the wellbore trajectory. After the well entered the RESB reservoir, the trajectory angle was increased from 87° to 90° in order to place the trajectory close to the RESB top boundary.


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Figure 2. Bottom Panel: Real time inversion of new deep EM LWD logs, showing resolution of laminated zone, as confirmed by the electrical borehole image (top panel).

Figure 3. Real time inversion of new deep EM measurements. First detection of RESB occurs 5-m TVD below the well and 75-m MD before crossing.


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Another important application regarding the new deep EM LWD tool measurements is the possibility of mapping reservoir and/or interface continuity. Figure 4 shows inversion of commercial EM measurements that mapped the top of RESB over a measured depth of approximately 100-m.

Using the new deep EM LWD tool measurements, the same top can be mapped over a distance of more than 550-m, starting from XX650-m MD when the trajectory was about 5-m TVD above the top, through the landing at XX725-m MD, and all the way to total depth at X1200-m MD, about 17-m TVD above the trajectory, as shown in Figure 5.

Figure 4. Real time inversion of commercial EM LWD measurements showing the mapping of RESB top. The conductive zone about 15-m TVD below the reservoir (see Figure 5) is likely due to injection water. This interpretation is supported by the presence of a conductive interval observed in the pilot well, which was attributed to water fingering. The inversion was used to observe several important features:

• Track the RESB top, 17-m TVD above the trajectory;

• Identify a conductive interface at XX750-m TVD, approx. 20-m TVD below most of the well trajectory;

• Delineate the conductive zone below the trajectory, at the beginning and at the end of the well trajectory.

Structural information from the new deep EM LWD tool inversion will be used for planning future well navigation in this field. The areal extension of the structural information will be an important input to updating the geological model, improving the overall interpretation after integrating this information with seismic and production data.


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Figure 5. Real time inversion of new deep EM measurements, showing the mapping of RESB top. The conductive zone is attributed to the presence of injection water. EXAMPLE WELL # 2 The second test of the new deep EM LWD measurements was for an injector well that was drilled in a complex geological structure. Steering objectives for the injector well are to navigate approximately 750-m through a series of sandstones that are separated by thin shale layers. The planned well trajectory has an inclination of 88° at the casing shoe. The well trajectory is then increased to 90° to drill about 180-m of sandstone C. After crossing the interface between C and D (see Figure 6), the well trajectory will continue for 240-m inside sandstone D. The final 300m of the planned trajectory will encounter the inter bedding of sandstones C and D. The greatest navigation challenge for this well entails accurately mapping the boundaries between sandstones C and D as seen in Figure 6, once through the center of the horizontal section of the well the top of the reservoir, which has a strong resistivity contrast, was expected to be at distances greater than 30-m TVD.

Inversion results for this well demonstrate that the ability of the inversion program to resolve individual layers depends very strongly on their thicknesses and on their resistivity contrast with surrounding beds. The best results are obtained when the measurements are in a resistive layer, as expected for propagation resistivity measurements. For this well, the new deep EM measurements were performed at two measurement spans; referred to as span 1 and span 2 with span 2 being the deepest. Figure 6 shows inversion of measurements from the shortest span. These measurements can resolve thin beds close to the wellbore trajectory, but depth of investigation is limited to about 5-m in this environment. The inversion results are also consistent with the electrical borehole image. The well is initially navigating inside the C reservoir and crossed its base at approximately XX170-m MD. Sand D was also penetrated after crossing the C/D shale interlayer but the well crossed the base of Sand D, briefly contacting


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conductive water sand at XX265-m MD. The inversion shows the position of the water sand, but due to insufficient

resistivity contrast with the shale inter bed, it is not fully resolved.

Sand CSand D

Figure 6. Lower Panel: Inversion of new deep EM LWD measurements from the shortest available span. Well is initially navigating Sand C, then crosses to Sand D. Upper Panel: electrical borehole image. Figure 7 shows inversion of the deep EM LWD tool measurements from short and intermediate spans. Although the maximum depth of investigation of these measurement spans is about 10-m in this environment, this inversion is still able to present relatively good bed resolution. The inversion shown in Figure 7 reveals additional information compared to the inversion shown in Figure 6, such as bed boundary continuity and bed resolution. This additional information reduces the uncertainty of the stratigraphic position of the well in this complex geology. Almost all the interfaces can be tracked over 10-m TVD,

or more. Internal surfaces in Sand C can be identified and mapped. Figure 8 shows the inversion of deep EM LWD measurements from all available measurement spans. With these measurements, a deeper depth of investigation was demonstrated, however, with reduced bed boundary resolution (compared to the inversions shown in Figures 6 and 7). The most important feature observed for the inversion shown in Figure 8 is that almost all important geological interfaces are identified throughout the entire section. As an example, one can follow the reservoir C base surface for a distance of more than 250-m MD.


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Figure 7. Lower Panel: Inversion of new deep EM measurements from short and intermediate spans. Well is initially navigating Sand C, and then crosses to Sand D (beneath surface S4). Upper Panel: electrical borehole image.

Figure 8. Inversion canvas showing the position of multiple bed boundaries. New deep EM LWD measurements from all available spans were used for the inversion.


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EXAMPLE WELL # 3 For this well, the new deep EM measurements were performed at three measurement spans; span 1, 2 and 3 with span 3 being the deepest. Results for this well showed the importance of a deeper span EM measurements (i.e., span 3), that resulted in enhanced depth of investigation that were useful for real time geosteering decisions. This well was designed to inject water into a reservoir located in an offshore deep water field. The reservoir has complex structure and several connected zones. Water injection is planned for two targets, the UPPER and LOWER sand bodies, in order to ensure hydraulic communication efficiency at an adjacent producer well. Figure 9 shows the structural geology model that was built from seismic data. The planned trajectory is always close to the base of the two separated channels, initially 150-m MD in the LOWER sand, and then 300-m MD in the UPPER sand.

In contrast to the first two examples, the structure and geological relationship between the different reservoirs are not well known for this third well. Seismic data were interpreted using two different velocity models, one for each channel, in order to improve the offset wells correlation. The new deep EM LWD measurements were expected to map the following geological targets:

• Define the top and base of the LOWER sand and confirm its thickness, expected to be a maximum of 5-m TST, since the pilot well encountered a reservoir thickness 2-m TST;

• Map the oil/water contact and its position relative to the base of the LOWER sand;

• Detect the presence of an additional, shallower reservoir close to the pinch out of the LOWER sand;

• Delineate internal interfaces in both sand bodies; • Characterize the inter channel zone to determine

the connectivity of the two reservoirs.

Figure 9. Bottom panel: Structural geology model for planning well #3. Top panel: Seismic data and interpretation.


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The well trajectory was planned as follows:

• After exiting the casing shoe at XX233-m MD with an inclination of 86° and close to the LOWER sand top, approach the base of the LOWER sand, while continuously monitoring changes in reservoir properties;

• From the LOWER sand base, build inclination from 86° to 89.3° over 50-m MD, then maintain this inclination for about 500-m MD, crossing the top of the LOWER sand, the inter channel area and the base of the UPPER sand. Continuously monitor the position of the oil-water contact in relation to the base of the sand;

• After the base of UPPER sand is encountered, well inclination will be horizontal.

The steering operation started at XX230-m MD. It was anticipated that 50-m of shale would be drilled before encountering the LOWER sand. However, after drilling 70-m of shale, the LOWER sand reservoir was not observed in any of the real time LWD measurements. It was first suspected that the trajectory was too high to intercept the LOWER sand and therefore the well inclination was dropped from 90° to 88°.

The well crossed a low resistivity (1.0 ohm.m) sand at XX300-m MD, with a thickness of less than 1-m TST. The total length of this sand was 11-m MD. Although interpreted as water sand belonging to the LOWER reservoir, this sand is too thin to be associated with the target reservoir. Figures 10 to 12 show inversions for the deep EM LWD measurements using a variety of measurement spans. The inversions show that a thick LOWER sand is not present within the radial depth of investigation of the measurements (up to 30-m in this environment). A thin resistive sand is present above the well trajectory (see label on Figures 11 and 12). After it was established that the UPPER sand was absent, the well trajectory was optimized for crossing the zone between the two channels, by increasing the inclination from 90° to 93°. During the pre-job simulations it was noted that navigation close to the oil/water contact and base of the UPPER reservoir would be difficult, due to low resistivity contrast. Therefore, after crossing the inter channel area, it was decided to navigate inside and close to the bottom of the resistive portion of the UPPER sand. This was achieved by dropping the well inclination to 90°.

Inversion using deep EM

measurement from span 1

Figure 10. Inversion of new deep EM LWD span1 measurements.


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measurements from span 1

and span 2

Thin sand bed

Figure 11. Inversion of new deep EM LWD span 1 and 2 measurements.


measurements from span 1 ,

span 2 and span 3

Thin sand bed

Figure 12. Inversion of new deep EM LWD measurements at all available spans.


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At XX780-m MD the deep EM LWD inversions indicated that the basal conductive layer was approaching the trajectory, reflecting the UPPER reservoir pinch out anticipated by the seismic interpretation. The well inclination was again increased to 96° in order to avoid crossing into the underlying shale, but the well finally hit the base of the UPPER sand at XX845-m MD, probably due to the presence of a sub-seismic fault. The inversion using the deep EM LWD measurements from all three spans identified a resistive sand above the UPPER sand reservoir (see Figure 12). This corresponds to an expected shallower reservoir; however, the boundaries of this reservoir are not fully resolved. CONCLUSIONS The three field tests show that the new deep EM measurements have a radial depth of investigation of 30-m from the wellbore. Inversion of the deep EM measurements allow detection of bed boundaries over a total vertical distance of 60-m. Combining the measurements from the new deep EM and commercial EM tools allow the mapping of multiple geological features along the wellbore trajectory. The identification of distant bed boundaries are important for enhanced steering capability. The knowledge acquired by these field tests is applicable for further job planning and well drilling operation.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors thank Petrobras and Schlumberger for permission to publish this paper and thank the symposium steering committee for the opportunity to present this work. REFERENCES Meador, R. A., 2009, “Logging While Drilling - A Story of Dreams, Accomplishments, and Bright Futures,” SPWLA 50th Annual Logging Symposium (Woodlands, TX, June 21-24, 2009), Paper C. Clark, B., Luling, M. G., Jundt, J., Ross, M., and Best, D., 1988, “A Dual depth Resistivity Measurement for FEWD,” SPWLA 29th Annual Logging Symposium (San Antonio, TX, June 5-8, 1988), Paper A. Soares, G., Coutinho, M., 1998, “Identification of the Electrical Anisotropy on Cretaceous Turbiditic Reservoirs

through Log Simulation in Horizontal Wells,” SEARCH Magazine, Buenos Aires, Argentina, Chapter 7, p. 102-110. Bittar, M., Klein, J., Beste, R., Hu, G., Pitcher, J., Golla, C., Althoff, G., Sitka, M., Minosyan, V., and Paulk, M., 2007, “A New Azimuthal Deep-reading Resistivity Tool for Geosteering and Advanced Formation Evaluation,” 2007 SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition (Anaheim, CA, November 11-14, 2007), Paper 109971. Chou, L., Li, Q., Darquin, A., Denichou, J., Griffiths, R., Hart, N., McInally, A., Templeton, G., Omeragic, D., Tribe, I., Watson, K., Wiig, M., 2005, “Steering Toward Enhanced Production,” Oilfield Review, Autumn, p. 54-63. Dowla, N., Rasmus, J. C., Srivastava, S., Ellis, D., Fulton, C., 2006, “Caliper and Borehole Geometry Determinations from Logging While Drilling Measurements and Images,” SPWLA 47th Annual Logging Symposium, (Veracruz, Mexico, June 4-7, 2006), Paper YYY. Seydoux, J., Tabanou, J., Ortenzi, L., Denichou, J., De Laet, Y., Omeragic, D., Iversen, M., Fejerskov, M., 2004, “A Deep-resistivity Logging-while-drilling Device for Proactive Geosteering,” The Leading Edge, v. 23, n. 6. June, p. 581-586. Li, Q., Omeragic, D., Chou, L., Yang, L., Duong, K., Smits, J., Yang, J., Lau, T., Liu, C.B., Dworak, R., Dreuillault, V., and Ye, H., 2005, “New Directional Electromagnetic Tool for Proactive Geosteering and Accurate Formation Evaluation While Drilling,” SPWLA 46th Annual Logging Symposium (New Orleans, LA, June 26-29, 2005), Paper UU. Kennedy, D., Corley, B., Painchaud, S., Nardi, G., Hart, E., 2009, “Geosteering Using Deep Resistivity Images from Azimuthal and Multiple Propagation Resistivity,” SPWLA 50th Annual Logging Symposium, (Woodlands, TX, June 21-24, 2009), Paper ZZ. Omeragic, D., Habashy, T., Chen, Y., Polyakov, V., Kuo, C., Altman, R., Hupp D., Maeso, C., 2009, “3D Reservoir Characterization and Well Placement in Complex Scenarios Using Azimuthal Measurements While Drilling,” SPWLA 50th Annual Logging Symposium (Woodlands, TX, June 21-24, 2009), Paper UU. ABOUT THE AUTHORS Rudolfo Beer received his BS degree in geology from Universidade Federal do Parana, Curitiba - Brazil in 1976 and a MSc degree in petroleum geoengineering from Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas - Brazil in


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1994. He joined Petrobras in 1977 working as field and well site geologist in Sergipe-Alagoas Basin. In 1981 he moved to Rio de Janeiro to work with the formation evaluation team. Following the master program he joined the reservoir characterization group in 1995 working in petrophysical evaluation for the main deep water fields in Campos Basin and the pre-salt carbonates in Santos Basin. He is a member of SPWLA. Luiz Cláudio Terço Dias obtained his BS degree in Geology from the University of Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Brazil in 1989. He joined Petrobras in 1990 working as field geologist in Macae. Actually he is involved with formation evaluation in Campos Basin coordinating several geologic operations in development and geosteering of horizontal wells. Antonio Mainieri Vieira da Cunha received his BS degree in geology from Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre - Brazil in 1989. He joined Petrobras in 1990 working as well site geologist in Solimões Basin, Amazonas - Brasil. In 1998 he moved to Macaé, to work in Campos Basin with the formation evaluation team focused on LWD data and geosteering. Márcio Roque Coutinho works as a senior petrophysicist in Petrobras geological operations division in Rio de Janeiro. He received a B.S. degree in Geology from Rio de Janeiro Federal University in 1988 and a MSc degree in Economic Geology from Rio de Janeiro State University in 2005. Currently he coordinates the geological operations and formation evaluation for Petrobras Angola. Gustavo Henrique Schmitt graduated in Geology from Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, RJ- Brazil in 1994. He joined Petrobras in 2000, working as well site geologist in Campos Basin during five years. Since 2005 he is working as coordinator of geologic operations in development and geosteering of horizontal wells, for production and injection in turbidite reservoirs at Campos Basin. Jean Seydoux received a diplôme ingénieur physicien from Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne in 1982 and a Ph.D. degree in particle physics from Carnegie Mellon University in Pittsburgh in 1990. After joining Schlumberger, he has been involved in development of various LWD tools including an inclination at the bit tool (AIM), an experimental Ultra Deep Resistivity tool and he was project manager for the deep EM Resistivity Tool. He is currently managing the development of the next generation well placement tool. He is a member of SPWLA and SPE. Chris Morriss recieved a B.Sc (Hons) degree in Civil Engineering from the University of Aston, England in 1975. After joining Schlumberger of Canada in 1978, he has been

involved with the interpretation development of numerous wireline and LWD measurements. He is currently involved with the development of deep electromagnetic measurements for well placement. Emmanuel Legendre graduated from Ecole Centrale Paris, where he received a diploma in Physics and Applied Mathematics. After joining Schlumberger in 1996, he has been involved in the development of several Answer Products for Laterologs and ultra-sonic tools. He also contributed to the design and interpretation of an electromagnetic corrosion tool. He has lead the theoretical design and the interpretation of the new deep EM directional tool and is now working on a next generation imager tool for LWD. Jian Yang received his Ph.D. in Physics from Nanjing University in 1989. He then worked as a research scientist at the Texas Center for Superconductivity at the University of Houston. Jian Yang joined Schlumberger in 1998, he has been involved in the development of the LWD tools working on the measurement modeling, tool characterizations, and the interpretation. He is a principal tool physicist and is currently the project manager for the new deep electromagnetic LWD resistivity tool at the Schlumberger Houston Formation Evaluation center located at Sugar Land, Texas. Qiming Li obtained his PhD in physics from Iowa State University in 1989. He joined Schlumberger in 1996 and has been involved in the development of several LWD resistivity tools and their interpretation. He led the effort of developing and commercializing industry's first deep directional electromagnetic tool. He is currently managing the LWD resistivity Answer Product Group in the Engineering Department at the Houston Formation Evaluation Technology Center. Augusto Carvalho da Silva has a degree as a BSc in Geology from the University of Rio de Janeiro-UERJ, Brazil. During his 16 years of oilfield industry experience he has been working for Schlumberger, dedicated to logging while drilling acquisition and interpretation support. From 2002 to 2004 he was focused on the development of the well placement technology in Brazil, promoting the creation of a new concept of geosteering services, based on the utilization of real time azimuthal measurements and images for horizontal wells navigation. In 2005 he was transferred to Ecuador to work on the introduction of latest generation of LWD services for Peru, Colombia and Ecuador. Back in Brazil in 2007, Augusto has been working as well placement domain champion for Latin America and is currently responsible for technical sales and client support in Brazil.


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Paolo Ferraris is a graduate of Politecnico di Torino, Italy with a MS degree in electronics engineering. He joined Schlumberger in 1982 as a field engineer and had several assignments in Brazil, Venezuela, Libya, Italy, France, Norway, UAE and Qatar, becoming involved first in the field-testing and commercialization of many new wireline and acquisition systems and then in the introduction of LWD imaging tools. Since 1998 he has been working as Interpretation Development for both wireline and LWD and from 2002 is a Principal Petrophysicist actually being the Petrophysics, Acoustic and Well Placement Domain Champion for IOCs and Independents in D&M Brazil Geomarket, based in Rio de Janeiro. He contributed to the introduction of the ultra deep geosteering service performing pre-job modeling and providing real time interpretation support. Paolo is a member of SPE and SPWLA and has been distinguished SPWLA speaker for 2007/2008 season. His current interests are focused on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance & Spectroscopy applications for Logging While Drilling. Eustaquio Barbosa received his BS degree in geology from State University of Campinas (Unicamp) – Brazil in 2005 and is currently enrolled into the MSc degree in GeoSEAD (Geoscience of Subsurface Exploration Appraisal and Development) at Heriot Watt University - Edinburgh, Scotland, which is expected to be concluded by September of 2010. He joined Schlumberger in 2005 as Well Placement Engineer supporting both its DCS (Data & Consulting Services) and D&M (Drilling and Measurements) segments in Brazil. From 2005-2007 he contributed to provide this service for Petrobras in Macaé (UN-BC) and, between 2008 and 2009, he was assigned to

deliver it for Petrobras (UN-RIO). Since 2009, he has been involved on field testing of new well placement services in Brazil. He is a member of SPWLA. Ana Beatriz Felício Guedes received her BS degree in Electronic Engineering from Universidade Federal de Itajuba, Itajuba, MG – Brazil in 2002. She joined Schlumberger in 2002 working at Drilling and Measurements as LWD Field Engineer in Venezuela, Mexico and Brazil also working as Operation Support Engineer. In 2007, she moved to Data and Consulting Services as a Geosteering Engineer in Rio de Janeiro. Macae, Vitoria and Santos; working on real time reservoir modeling and characterization in deep water environments, introducing and implementing new technology drilling services. Since 2009, she works as Geosteering Coordinator for Brazil Operations .

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Geosteering And/Or Reservoir Characterization The …/media/Files/technical_papers/spwla/spwla... · GEOSTEERING AND/OR RESERVOIR CHARACTERIZATION THE PROWESS OF NEW -GENERATION LWD