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EZ. :. Tbjt ls fcjet `y @jojehc ai ^jyfcets1 Mlshuss tbc icjturcs ai Lemlj s @jojehc ai ^jyfcet. Tbjt

fcjsurcs wauom yau suddcst iar lfpravled tbc Lemljs @jojehc ai ^jyfcet1Jes.Haehcpt ai @jojehc ai ^jyfcet;@jojehc ai pjyfcet rcicrs ta joo chaeaflh trjesjhtlaes `ctwcce mafcstlh

jem iarclde rcslmcets avcr j stlpuojtcm pcrlam, wblhb ls dcecrjooy aec ycjr. ]bc jejoysls ai `jojehc ai pjyfcet ls lf-

fcescoy usciuo iar tbc paolhy-fjgcrs jem ùslecss haffueltlcs. Farcavcr, lt ls je lfpartjet lestrufcet iar fjletjleled

cxtcrejo chaeaflh stj`lolty. J hoasc uemcrstjemled ai mcpcemcehc ai letcrejtlaejo ùslecss upae `jojehc ai pjyfcets ls

echcssjry iar j suhhcssiuo strjtcdy le letcrejtlaejo ùslecss.

Xldelilhjet Icjturcs ai Lemljs @A^

]bc sjolcet icjturcs ai Lemljs @A^ jrc;

:. Lemlj bjs jowjys ijhcm trjmc mcilhlts cxhcpt le :

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EHruhljo aolhy Fcjsurcs;]bc pjhgjdc ai rciarfs leltljtcm fjey paolhy fcjsurcs. ]wa suhb paolhy fcjsurcs raudbt

sldelilhjet hbjedcs le tbc `jojehc ai pjyfcet sltujtlae le Lemlj.

Z. 0. Tbjt jrc tbc a`kchtlvcs ai ecw lemustrljo paolhy1 Ma yau tbleg tbjt tbc ecw lemustrljo paolhy bjs j

ijvaurj`oc lfpjht ae tbc chaeafy1 Cxpoje.

Jes. Lemustrljo aolhy ai :

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:. Mafcstlh Pcduojtary Pciarfs; Lt rcmuhcm tbc euf`cr ai rcscrvcm lemustrlcs. Lemustrlcs tbjt haetleucm ta `c

rcscrvcm iar tbc puòlh schtar wcrc fastoy le tbc jrcjs wbcrc schurlty jem strjtcdlh haehcres prcmaflejtcm.

0. Jàoltlae ai Lemustrljo Olhcesled;]bc paolhy put je cem ta joo lemustrljo olhcesled, rcdjrmocss ai tbc ocvco ai

levcstfcet. ]bc aeoy cxhcptlaes wcrc hcrtjle lemustrlcs rcojtcm ta schurlty jem strjtcdlh haehcres, sahljo haehcres, sjicty,

maflejet cevlraefcetjo lssucs, jem fjeuijhturc ai pramuhts ai bjzjrmaus ejturc.

8 Pcfavjo ai Fjemjtary Haevcrtl`lolty Hojusc;J sldelilhjet partlae ai lemustrljo levcstfcet le Lemlj ls fjmc up

ai oajes iraf `jegs jem ilejehljo lestltutlaes. ]bcsc lestltutlaes iaooawcm j fjemjtary prjhtlhc ai lehoumled j haevcrt-

l`lolty hojusc le tbclr ocemled apcrjtlae iar ecw prakchts. Lemustrljo âolhy, :

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trjmltlaejo hoatb pjttcres ai tbc hauetry. ]bc davcrefcet ls rldbtoy pravlmled haetleuled pratchtlae ta tbls scdfcet js j

fjttcr ai haeshlaus paolhy.

Le tbc ejtlaejo haetcxt, tcxtloc lemustry eaw jhhauets iar avcr 0> pcr hcet ai tbc lemustrljo pramuhtlae jem pravlmcs

djleiuo cfpoayfcet ta farc tbje :3 floolae (aec jem bjoi hrarc) pcapoc. Xldelilhjetoy, tamjy Lemlj bjs tbc ojrdcst jrcj

uemcr hattae huotlvjtlae le tbc warom (tbc pramuhtlvlty, bawcvcr, ls fuhb oawcr tbje tbc warom stjemjrms). ]bc jrcj ls

olgcoy ta draw `y 0.= pcr hcet pcr jeeuf iraf tbc hurrcet ocvco ai jàut 4.3 floolae bchtjrcs. Ejturjooy, tbc fjle rjw

fjtcrljo iar tbc tcxtloc lemustry haetleucs ta `c hattae cltbcr sledoy ar js òcemcm wltb eae-hattae il`rcs. Atbcr lfpartjet

rjw fjtcrljos uscm `y tbc tcxtlocs schtar jrc fje-fjmc il`rcs jem yjres a`tjlecm iraf pctra-hbcflhjos, waao wblhb ls

fastoy lfpartcm jem ejturjo slog (àtb fuo`crry jem tjssjr) wblhb ls pramuhcm `y slogwarfs. Xlehc hattae ij`rlhs jemdjrfcets iarf avcr 2> pcr hcet ai Lemljs tcxtloc cxparts, tbc lfpart haetcet ls vcry oaw. ]bjt ls tbc schtar eccms joo tbc

cehaurjdcfcet le tbc warom iar lts swlit drawtb.

Pcjsaes iar Cxhcoocet Drawtb;]bc Lemlje djrfcet schtar bjs sbawe j stcjmy drawtb avcr ojst icw mchjmcs. Pcj-

saes iar lts swcooled cxparts jrc js mlshusscm `coaw;

:. Plsled Ojàur Hasts le Mcvcoapfcet Fjrgcts; Fjey ai tbc mcvcoapcm fjrgcts bjvc iauem lt taudb ta haetleuc

tbclr djrfcet fjeuijhturled apcrjtlaes `chjusc ai drawled ojàur hbjrdcs. ]bcsc ejtlaes eaw ilem lt farc chaeaflhjo

jem hast-ciichtlvc ta ùy tbclr rcqulrcfcets iraf tbc mcvcoapled hauetrlcs wltb jùemjehc ai ojàur jem oaw wjdc

struhturcs.

0. Xblit ta ]chbeaoady Letceslvc Lemustrlcs;Murled tbc :s fjey mcvcoapcm hauetrlcs stjrtcm farc ae iahussled

tbc cfcrdled bl-tchb lemustrlcs olgc hafputcr bjrmwjrc jem saitwjrc, cochtraelhs, sblp ùlomled cth. Ojàur-arlcetcm jem

paooutlae-praec lemustrlcs olgc tcxtlocs, hoatbled, tjeeled jem ilelsbcm ocjtbcr wcrc lehrcjsledoy mc-cfpbjslscm. ]bcsc

lemustrlcs josa mlm eat sult tbc chaeaflh prailoc ai fjey ai tbc mcvcoapcm Tcstcre hauetrlcs. ]bls pravlmcm tbc appartu-

elty iar mcvcoapled ejtlaes olgc Lemlj ta stcp le ta iloo tbc valm tbus iarfcm.

8. Xpchljo Ijshlejtlae ai Lemlje Ij`rlhs;Lemlje ij`rlhs bjvc jowjys ijshlejtcm iarclde ùycrs, pjrtlhuojroy tbc

Tcstcre mcsldecrs. Fast jppcjoled bjvc `cce tbc rlhb haoaurs jem mcslde vjrljtlaes ai tbcsc ij`rlhs. Le ijht, lt wjs tbc

trjmltlaejo Lemlje bjemoaaf ij`rlh, wblhb stjrtcm tbc djrfcet cxpart àaf le cjroy :s. ]wa wcoo-geawe bjemoaaf

ij`rlhs-Fjmrjs Hbchgs jem Hjeejearc Hrcpcs hjudbt tbc cyc ai Tcstcre mcsldecrs jem hoatbled fjmc aut ai tbcsc ltcfs

saae `chjfc j rjdc tbraudbaut Curapc. ]bc rcst, js tbcy sjy, ls blstary.

=. Favc ]awjrms Ejturjo Il`rcs;^capoc eaw hocjroy prcicr ta usc hoatbcs fjmc ai ejturjo il`rcs. ]bcrc bjs `cce

j haetleuled swled tawjrms ejturjo il`rcs jem tbclr òcems le pojhc ai syetbctlhs (eyoaes, cth.). Le tbc `cdleeled, tbc

lffcmljtc rcjsae wjs tbc lehrcjsled hast ai pctrahbcflhjo `jscm ltcfs. Ojtcr ae tbc haesufcrs josa rcjolscm pous ijhtars

olgc hafiart le wcjrled hattae jppjrco jem bcjotb/cevlraefcetjo rcjsaes. Lemlj djlecm le j ld wjy iraf tbcsc hbjedcs le

haesufcr prcicrcehcs jem Lemlje cxpartcrs saae `cdje ta cxpoalt tbc appartueltlcs tbjt eaw hjfc tbclr wjy.3. J`lolty ta Xjtlsiy Cvce Xfjoo Armcrs;Armcrs iar djrfcets jrrlvc iraf ojrdc lfpartcrs jem mcpjrtfcetjo starcs

j`rajm js wcoo js iraf ctbelh sbaps jem sfjoo àutlqucs. ]baudb lemlvlmujo armcrs hafled iraf suhb saurhcs jrc sfjoo,

js j wbaoc tbcy ma iarf slzcjòc lfpart armcrs iar hoatbled. Xuhb sfjoo armcrs lmcjooy sult Lemlje djrfcet schtar. ]bls ls

`chjusc tbc djrfcet schtar bcrc fastoy haeslsts ai sfjoo uelts jem ls bldboy mchcetrjolzcm. Lt ls tbus vcry iocxlòc jem le je

lmcjo pasltlae js hafpjrcm ta lts hafpctltars le atbcr hauetrlcs, ta hjtcr ta sfjoo armcrs iar mlvcrsc ltcfs. Fast ai aur

hafpctltars bjvc ojrdc hafpasltc hoatbled uelts wltb jsscfòy olec apcrjtlaes. ]bcy jrc tbus eat le j pasltlae ta sjtlsiy

suhb sfjoo armcrs iar wlmc-rjedled mcsldes jem haoaur haf`lejtlaes.

9. @cttcr ûòlhlty jem ^rafatlaejo Hjfpjlde; Jitcr rcjolzled tbc patcetljo ai djrfcet cxpart js iarclde cx-

hbjedc cjrecr, tbc Hcetrjo Davcrefcet josa stcppcm le jem ojuehbcm j fjsslvc puòlhlty jem prafatlaejo hjfpjlde ta

papuojrlsc Lemlje djrfcets jfaed lfpartcrs jem warom fjrgcts. Lemlj eaw rcduojroy pjrtlhlpjtcs le spchljolzcm hoatbled

cxbl`ltlaes avcrscjs. Jppjrco Cxpart ^rafatlae Hauehlo, sct up `y tbc Davcrefcet, jem tbc Hoatbled Fjeuijhturcrs

Jssahljtlae bjvc `cce baomled pcrlamlh ùycr-scoocr fccts jt tbc lfpartjet pramuhtlae hcetrcs.4. C-haffcrhc jem Atbcr Ecw Ijhloltlcs;]bc warom bjs `chafc olgc j doa`jo vloojdc. Tltb jmvjehc ai Letcrect,

lestjet c-fjlos, c-haffcrhc, aeolec faecy trjesjhtlaes, fa`loc tcocpbaecs, jem atbcr tchbeaoadlcs tbc letcrejtlaejo

trjmc bjs `chafc ijst, swlit jem farc prailtjòc. Letcrejtlaejo trjvco bjs `chafc cjsy jem aec hje da jhrass tbc doa`c le

icw baurs. ]bls bjs drcjtoy rcmuhcm tbc Eartb-Xautb mlvlmc jem `raudbt praspchtlvc scoocrs jem ùycrs hoascr tadctbcr.

2. rlvjtc Haetjhts jem Leltljtlvcs; ]bcrc ls eaw j ijr drcjtcr uemcrstjemled ai Lemlje hjpj`loltlcs le hcrtjle ij`rlh

mcsldes jem vjrlcty ai hoatbled, cspchljooy le tbc suffcr wcjr. ]bc djrfcet cxpart schtar, lt fjy `c paletcm aut, hjfc

leta praflecehc prlfjrloy `chjusc ai prlvjtc leltljtlvcs. Ilrst tbcrc wcrc mlrcht mcjos `ctwcce tbc Lemlje cetrcprcecurs

jem tbc avcrscjs lfpartcrs. Davcrefcet jsslstjehc jem lehcetlvcs wjs j fuhb ojtcr mcvcoapfcet.


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Z. =. Jejoysc tbc hafpctltlvc shcejrla ai Lemlje cochtraelhs daams le tbc letcrejtlaejo fjrgct. Xuddcst sult-

jòc paolhlcs jem strjtcdlcs ta àast cxpart ai cochtraelhs daams iraf Lemlj.

Jes. Lemljs Hafpctltlvc Cmdc jem Ojhuejs

Js le tbc hjsc ai atbcr cxpart scdfcets Lemlj mcileltcoy aiicrs hcrtjle jmvjetjdcs jem suiicrs iraf hcrtjle mlsjmvje-

tjdcs le cxpart ai lts cochtraelh daams.

:. Oaw Ojàur Hasts;Le tamjys crj ai T]A jem ]PL^^ letcrejtlaejo fjrgcts bjvc `chafc ilcrhc jem prlhc scesl-

tlvc. ]a cetcr, survlvc jem wle fjrgcts j`rajm, jey lemustry bjvc ta c bldboy hafpctltlvc le atb prlhc jem qujolty-wlsc.

Lemlj bjs hcrtjle jmvjetjdcs tbjt fjgc lts cochtraelh pramuhts prlhc-hafpctltlvc. J mchlmled ijhtar ls tbc oaw ojàur hast

hafpjrcm ta letcrejtlaejo stjemjrms. ]bls ejturjooy rcmuhcs hasts jt cvcry stjdc ai pramuhtlae jem tbc ilejo jsscfòy hast,jem tbc scooled prlhc.

0. Eccm iar Ojrdc-shjoc ^ramuhtlae;Bawcvcr, Lemlj bjs eat `cce jòc ta mcrlvc iuoo djles iraf tbc oaw ojàur

hasts. ]bls ls chjusc tloo eaw tbc mafcstlh fjrgct bjs cce sfjoo jem bjs rcsuotcm le oaw shjoc pramuhtlae. ]bls bjs hafc

le tbc wjy ai Lemlj cekayled tbc chaeaflcs ai ojrdc-shjoc pramuhtlae.

8. Bldb ]jx Xtruhturc;]bls haupocm wltb tbc bldb tjxcs lfpascm `y tbc davcrefcet bjs fjmc prlhcs uejttrjhtlvc.

]bc ijht ls tbjt patcetljo ai Lemljs mafcstlh fjrgct ls ltscoi vcry bldb jem lts rjplm drawtb fjy àast ojrdc-shjoc pramuh-

tlae le ecjr iuturc jem tbcrc`y tbc pcr uelt hast ai pramuhtlae fjy da mawe. ]bc iarclde mlrcht levcstfcet (IML) le

cochtraelhs schtar wloo pravlmc tbc fuhb saudbt jitcr rcsaurhcs iar cxpjeslae jem ojrdc-shjoc apcrjtlae. Le jmmltlae, tbc

mjys ai bjrsb tjx rcdlfc jrc jofast avcr jem tjxcs jrc `cled rjtlaejolzcm ta fjthb cxjht eccms ai jey pjrtlhuojr lemustry.

=. âar Zujolty;Lemlje cochtraelh pramuhts bjvc suiicrcm ojrdcoy muc ta tbclr paar qujolty. Aur pramuht mcsldeled

hjpj`loltlcs, P&M jem tchbeaoady mcvcoapfcet bjvc `cce eat up ta tbc fjrg. Bawcvcr, wltb tbc mafcstlh haesufcrs

`chafled farc jem farc qujolty haeshlaus qujolty bjs lfpravcm avcr ojst icw ycjrs ta j drcjt cxtcet.3. Eccm ta da iar Bl-tchb ^ramuhts;Lemlje cochtraelhs lemustry ls tamjy qultc cstjòlsbcm le hjsc ai trjmltlaejo ]Y

jem jumla pramuhts. Ojrdc cxpartjòc surpous ls cled pramuhcm fjleoy le tbc @/T scdfcet jem Lemlj ls palscm ta chafc

j ocjmled letcrejtlaejo pojycr. ^ramuhtlae ls josa àastcm up le H]Ys wltb bapcs rlmled bldb jàut tbc cxparts ta mcvco-

apled hauetrlcs. Xuhb ciiarts jrc josa scce le atbcr scdfcets ai haesufcr cochtraelhs olgc jumla/vlmca hjsscttcs, jumla

systcfs jem cochtraelhs wjthbcs. Haoaur ]Y plhturc tu`c uelts jrc hurrcetoy uemcr cxpjeslae jem qujolty up drjmjtlaes ta

fcct tbc mcfjems iraf mafcstlh H]Y hafpjelcs. Ecw tchbeaoadlcs jem pramuhts jrc `cled jhtlvcoy prafatcm le tbc

lemustry. Bawcvcr, tbc fast praflsled ai joo ai tbcf, tbc ojscr tchbeaoady `jscm pramuhts jrc stloo jt je up-jem-hafled

stjdc.

9. Fjgled @rjem Lemlj âpuojr;]bc fast stufòled ijhtar le tbc wjy ai Lemlje pramuhts `chafled papuojr

j`rajm ls tbjt tbc @rjem Lemlj iar haesufcr cochtraelhs ls stloo uegeawe le tbc letcrejtlaejo fjrgcts, jem prlhc hafpctl-

tlae ls rutbocss le tbc ue`rjemcm warom haesufcr cochtraelhs fjrgct.

4. ^rcpjrled iar tbc Cfcrdled ]chbeaoadlcs;Le tbc ilcom ai jmvjehcm tchbeaoady pramuhts, olgc ojrdc shrcce bldbmcileltlae H]Y, YH^/YHP, MYM pojycrs jem rcharmcrs, hafpjht-mlsg jem bl-il systcfs, Lemlj stloo macs eat bjvc fuhb ai

j pramuhtlae `jsc jem cxpcrtlsc le tbcsc tchbeaoadlcs ta `chafc hafpctltlvc le tbc warom fjrgct.

Josa, je lfpartjet palet ta `cjr le flem ls tbc ijst hbjedled haesufcr tjstcs jem prcicrcehcs ai cochtraelh ltcfs.

Mcfjem iar tbc jmvjehcm tchbeaoady pramuhts jrc rlsled ijst. Lemlje fjeuijhturcrs wloo bjvc ta gccp le pjhc wltb tbc

rjplm hbjedcs tjgled pojhc ta survlvc le tbc fjrgct. Lemlj wloo bjvc ta mcvcoap farc tbje jrc leirjstruhturc jem cxpcrtlsc

ta lfpravc lts pramuhtlae `jsc iar bl-tchb pramuhts ta haetleuc scrvled tbc drawled warom fjrgcts. Davcrefcet jem

lemustry wloo bjvc ta hbjog aut j prapcr paolhy jem jddrcsslvc strjtcdy irjfcwarg jitcr shrutlelzled joo tbcsc ijhtars.

âolhlcs jem Xtrjtcdlcs ta @aast Cxparts

Lemlj ls maled waemcriuooy le cxpartled hafputcr saitwjrc pramuhts jem scrvlhcs. Bawcvcr, tbc hauetry bjs ijlocm le

fjgled jey bcjmwjy le cxpartled hafputcr bjrmwjrc ar haesufcr cochtraelhs pramuhts. Lt ls eat tbjt Lemlj ojhgs le

echcssjry cxpcrtlsc ar patcetljo iar hrcjtled sultjòc cevlraefcet iar fjeuijhturled cochtraelh haffamltlcs. ]bc trutb ls

tbc haesufcr cochtraelh lemustry ls stloo vcry fuhb mlsardjelscm. Ecltbcr tbc lemustry ear tbc davcrefcet jrc jhtled le j

haarmlejtcm wjy ta put tbc cochtraelhs daams fjeuijhturled ae ilrf iaatled.

Li tbc lemustry ls ta maflejtc tbc mafcstlh fjrgct jem pcectrjtc tbc letcrejtlaejo fjrgct suhhcssiuooy le stlii hafpc-

tltlae wltb tbc FEHs jem JEHs, tbcrc ls urdcet eccm ta jmapt cehaurjdled paolhlcs jem sbrcwm strjtcdlcs. Tbjt sbjpc

suhb paolhlcs jem strjtcdlcs sbauom tjgc ls mlshusscm le iaooawled schtlaes.

Jotbaudb Lemlje cochtraelh daams jrc `cled cxpartcm ta jmvjehcm hauetrlcs olgc SXJ, @rltjle, Irjehc, Dcrfjey, Bao-

ojem, Kjpje, cth. Lemlj bjs stloo ta da j oaed wjy ta jsscrt ltscoi straedoy le letcrejtlaejo fjrgcts. @rjem Lemlj ls yct uegeawe

jem Lemlje ltcfs jrc ojrdcoy ùemocm wltb eae-`rjemcm pramuhts le fjrgcts j`rajm. ]bcrc ls j hut-tbrajt hafpctltlae jdjlest

tbc jorcjmy straed jem cstjòlsbcm hafpctltars iraf mcvcoapcm js wcoo js ecw lemustrljolscm hauetrlcs (ELHs).


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Lemljs fjle hafpctltars jrc, le ijht, tbc Jslje ELHs. ]bcy jrc eat aeoy dlvled j rue iar faecy ta Lemlje daams le tbc

doa`jo fjrgcts, `ut jrc josa jttrjhtled ojrdc shjoc FEH levcstfcet le haesufcr cochtraelhs. Cxhcptled Hblej, wblhb tloo

eaw rcolcm fastoy ae lts budc mafcstlh fjrgct, tbc atbcr ELHs (Xautb Garcj, ]jlwje, Xledjparc, Fjojyslj jem ]bjlojem)

bcjvloy rcoy ae fjsslvc cxparts ta sustjle tbclr haesufcr cochtraelhs lemustry jem chaeaflh drawtb ai tbc ejtlae. Xlehc

:s cxparts bjs `chafc tbc fjlestjy ai tbclr chaeafy. Xa fuhb sa tbjt tbc chaeaflh cxpcrts jrc hjooled tbcsc haue-

trlcs js Jslje Chaeaflh ]ldcrs.

]bcrc chaeaflh praspcrlty cvce iarhcm Hblej ta ma safc rctblegled j`aut lts paolhlcs. Js j rcsuot cvce Hblej sblitcm

lts iahus ae tbc cxpart fjrgct le ojtc :

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rlhc, mruds, pbjrfjhcutlhjos jem ilec hbcflhjos, fjhblecry jem lestrufcets, prlfjry jem scfl-ilelsbcm lrae jem stcco,

puoscs, fjeuijhturcs ai fctjos, dojss, cth, pjpcr/waam pramuhts, splhcs cth. Lemljs fjkar ltcfs ai lfparts jrc kutc rjw,

tcxtlocs yjre ij`rlh fjmc ups, leardjelh hbcflhjos, irults jem euts, csscetljo alo jem hasfctlh prcpjrjtlaes, sudjr, pctra-

ocuf hrumc jem pramuhts, fctjo icrraus arcs jem fctjo shrjp, lrae jem stcco, splhcs, cth.

Lemljs ]rjmc wltb XJJPH

\cjrs Cxpart Lfpart ]rjmc @jojehc

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-8> pcr hcet. ]bc prcicrcetljo fjrdle le hjsc ai ^jglstje vjrlcs iarf :>-:3 pcr hcet. ]bc

cxlstled FIE tjrlii rjtcs le Fjomlvcs, Ecpjo, Xrl Ojegj jem @jedojmcsb jrc qultc oaw. Bcehc j ojrdc prcicrcetljo rcmuh-

tlae `y Lemlj sbauom wloo `rled mawe tbc prcicrcetljo tjrlii hoascr ta tbasc prcvjloled le atbcr hauetrlcs. ^jglstje, wblhb

fjletjles pcjg tjrlii rjtc bldbcr tbje Lemlj, bjs eat aiicrcm slflojr haehcsslaes.

]bc praspchts jem passl`loltlcs ai trjmc cxpjeslae jt tbc rcdlaejo ocvco jfaed XJJPH fcf`cr hauetrlcs hje `c

rldbtoy jsscsscm aeoy jitcr jejoysled tbc cxlstled struhturc ai trjmc ai tbc fcf`cr hauetrlcs le tcrfs ai tbclr haffamlty

hafpasltlae. Fast ai tbc XJJPH hauetrlcs cxpart slflojr daams cltbcr js prlfjry haffamltlcs ar le prahcsscm iarf.



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