Ministério Pastoral Hoje

7/21/2019 Ministério Pastoral Hoje

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@gst`tutl Aäai`nl QcstfurfrK@QC[LQ H@IACQ[L ^LS_F



@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf 6

^SDÆQ@L

@gtrlkuèîl

@. ûrh`dcgtl kf K`sn`pi`gf

@@. Cgtcgkcgkl l D`g`stàr`l Ufstlrfi gf Aäai`f

@@@. Urcpfrl Ufrf Ufstlrcfr

@R. @DFHCD? [ukl Lu GFKF<

R. Ufstlr, d`g`strl kf Ufifvrf.

R@. Ufstlr Urf Vuï<

R@@. F Fprcscgtfèîl kl Ufstlr

R@@@. L Ufstlr c l Uÿip`tl

]. L Nuitl gf @hrcof

]@. L Ufstlr c f Lrhfg`zfèîl kf @hrcof / D`g`stàr`ls

A@AI@LHQFB@F?




@gtrlkuèîl

Nldprccgkcr l pfstlrfkl cd suf cssïgn`f à udf tfrcbf f quc tlkl d`g`strlkl cvfghciml kcvcr`f sc kck`nfr. F bfitf kc cgtcgk`dcgtl kls df`s

prlbugkls nlgnc`tls cx`stcgtcs gl Glvl [cstfdcgtl slarc cstc fssugtl icvfdu`tls larc`rls f ud d`g`stàr`l brfnl, quc gîl cgblnf ls prlpþs`tls kc Kcuspfrf ls quc cstîl gf i`kcrfgèf kl rcafgml.

Oæ nlgmcn` c tfdaàd oæ luv` bfifr fncrnf kc pfstlrcs quc trftfd sufs `hrcofsnldl sc blsscd cdprcsfs. Lutrls sîl kld`gfklrcs, futlnrftfs, pcrschucdfqucics quc gîl nldpfrtìmfd kc scus plgtls kc v`stf. [rftfd l rcafgmlnldl sc tlkls blsscd scus suafitcrgls. Vuc v`sîl kcturpfkf kc d`g`stàr`l!Vuc v`sîl dälpc pfrf ud nmfdfkl tîl glarc! Ufrf du`tls pfstlrcs, scrd`g`strl kl Cvfghciml à bfzcr pfrtc kc udf ci`tc. Cssfs pcsslfs gugnf

nldprccgkcrfd suf vlnfèîl.

B`nl `dprcss`lgfkl nld mldcgs kf cgvcrhfkurf tcliþh`nf kc Jfri Afrtm,quc, nld l rcgldc quc plssuäf, c nld tfdfgmf nlgtràu`èîl quc kcu å[clilh`f, cgqufgtl sc kck`nfvf fl dfh`stàr`l tcliþh`nl cd Afsìc`f, gf ûäèf,tfdaàd sc prclnupfvf nld l d`g`stàr`l kf prchfèîl cd ud prcsäk`l, cnmchlu f k`zcr? "Cgtrc fs d`gmfs ft`v`kfkcs cd Afsìc`f f`gkf sc kcvcr`fdcgn`lgfr quc, pfrf fs d`gmfs prchfèócs lnfs`lgf`s, f pr`sîl ilnfi tlrglu-sc gcstcs fgls l dcu pÿip`tl prckìctl—. (Kæk`vf c Iluvlr, Ck. ^`glkfi, pæh.;10). @ssl à scrv`r. Gf vcrkfkc, f `kc`f csscgn`fi kc d`g`stàr`l gl Glvl[cstfdcgtl à f kc scrv`èl. C f hrfgkc `gsp`rfèîl kl d`g`stàr`l kc Kcus à lcxcdpil kc Ocsus? "Ul`s l prþpr`l Bìml kl mldcd gîl vc`l pfrf scr scrv`kl,dfs pfrf scrv`r c kfr f suf v`kf cd rcshftc plr du`tls".

D`g`strls scrvls

Mæ k`bcrcgtcs tcrdls usfkls gl Glvl [cstfdcgtl pfrf sc rcbcr`r fl trfafimlpfstlrfi, hcrfidcgtc trfkuz`kl pfrf l plrtuhuïs nldl d`g`stàr`l. [lklscgblnfd f `kc`f kc scrv`èl. À du`tl alg`tl icr 6Nl ;?6? "Fss`d, pl`s, `dplrtf

quc ls mldcgs gls nlgs`kcrcd nldl d`g`strls kc Nr`stl..." . Lu tfdaàd Ft12?62? "Ulrquc plr `stl tc fpfrcn`, pfrf tc nlgst`tu`r d`g`strl...". L tcrdlhrchl quc fpfrcnc fqu` à mupcrctcs, nuol s`hg`b`nfkl scdprc cstæ i`hfkl å`kc`f hcrfi kc scrv`èl.

Mupcrctcs crf f pfifvrf hrchf pfrf kcs`hgfr fqucic quc rcdf (fs nfrfvcifskf àplnf kl Fpþstlil Ufuil crfd dlv`kfs plr rcdfklrcs quc b`nfvfd glbugkl kcifs. Fsscgtfkls cd bìc`rfs kls ifkls, cics trfafimfvfd plr klzcmlrfs `g`gtcrruptfs scd `r fl afgmc`rl c scd nldcr k`rc`tl), plrtfgtl, ldcdarl kf tr`puifèîl kc ud gfv`l. Dfs rcbcr`f-sc tfdaàd f qufiqucr

scrv`èfi. L tcrdl kcs`hgf l lb`n`fi kc oust`èf cd Dt 3?13: ls scrvcgtuær`ls, cd



@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf >

Dt 12?3=: l fss`stcgtc gf s`gfhlhf, cd In. ;?15, l scrvl fuxì`fr, Ft. 6>?3: lshufrkfs cd Ol 8?>1. À nldl sc Ufuil k`sscssc? "quc ls mldcgs glsnlgs`kcrcd nldl scrv`èf`s kc Nr`stl". Du`tl acd trfkuz f Aäai`f gfI`ghufhcd kc Mloc? "Rlnïs gls kcvcd trftfr nldl scrv`klrcs kc Nr`stl—.

K`æjlgls à lutrf pfifvrf ifrhfdcgtc usfkf gl G[ pfrf sc rcbcr`r fld`g`stàr`l kl mldcd kc Kcus. Vufgkl Ocsus k`ssc quc vc`l pfrf scrv`r, Dt15?1=, usf ud vcral quc tcd cssf dcsdf rf`z. L fpþstlil Ufuil cdprchfcssf pfifvrf pfrf bfifr kls d`g`strls kl cvfghciml cd 1Nl >?2, ctn. F pfifvrfk`fjlg`f fpfrcnc trfkuz`kf nldl d`g`stàr`l cd 1Nl ;?6: 3?6=: 6[d 6?61.

Gl hrchl scnuifr, l tcrdl k`æjlgls s`hg`b`nfvf scrv`r å dcsf. L trfafimlcgvliv`f suoc`èîl pcsslfi, quc crf nlgs`kcrfkf `gk`hgf c `gkcnlrlsf pfrf udmldcd i`vrc. [fdaàd plkcr`f rcbcr`r-sc s`dpicsdcgtc f nu`kfr kfs

gcncss`kfkcs kl ifr c, ås vczcs, crf tfdaàd usfkl pfrf `gk`nfr qufiqucrtrfafiml gud scgt`kl df`s hcgàr`nl, nldl prcstfr scrv`èl f udf nfusf. Ltcrdl tfdaàd bl` du`tl usfkl gl Glvl [cstfdcgtl pfrf rcbcr`r-sc fltrfafiml kls k`ænlgls gf fss`stïgn`f sln`fi, 6[d >?65, 6>: Qd 62?6: Bp 6?6:6[d >?=, 61.

D`g`strls nllpcrfklrcs

Kl`s lutrls tcrdls quc fpfrcncd gl G[ sîl sygcrhlg c ic`tlurhlg.^ygcrhlg, 6[s >?1, s`hg`b`nf trfafimfr ougtfdcgtc. L tcrdl fpfrcnc cd Qd

62?>: 6Nl >?0. F ïgbfsc à f kl trfafiml nlgougtl. L mldcd kc Kcus prcn`sfnlgsn`cgt`zfr-sc kc quc cic à fpcgfs `gstrudcgtl. Cic pifgtf f scdcgtc, vcdlutrl c rchf. Dfs qucd kæ v`kf c bfz nrcsncr à Kcus. Ulrtfgtl, kl ^cgmlr à fhiþr`f.

C, b`gfidcgtc, l tcrdl ic`tlurhlg, quc cstæ cd Qldfgls 63?62: Bp 1?13. Fpr`gnäp`l, `gk`nfvf l ftl kc bfzcr larfs pÿai`nfs f prþpr`fs cxpcgsfs: bfzcrscrv`èl pfrf l plvl. F blrdf df`s fgt`hf kl tcrdl à nldplstf kc Ifls (plvl)c crhlg (trfafiml). Kfä à quc vc`l cssc s`hg`b`nfkl.

Gf ^cptufh`gtf, trfkuèîl kl F[ pfrf l hrchl, f pfifvrf rcbcrc-sc fl scrv`èlkls sfncrkltcs c icv`tfs gl tcdpil. Gl G[, cd Mcarcus, l tcrdl à usfkl glscgt`kl r`tufi sfhrfkl. Rcof Ma =?1. Ufuil l utì`zf cd Qd 63?62, lgkc pfrcnctcr ud s`hg`b`nfkl scdcimfgtc fl cdprchfkl gl F[, `gk`nfgkl ud trfafimlsfncrkltfi kl fpþstlil, icvfgkl ls hcgt`ls f Nr`stl. Cd Bp 1?13,>5, l tcrdl`gk`nf nllpcrfklr, foukfklr. L d`g`strl à ud ic`tlurhls plrquc nfac f cicbfzcr k`snäpuils, nu`kfr kcsscs k`snäpuils c icvæ-ils fl nrcsn`dcgtl gf bà,pfrf quc sc tlrgcd scdcimfgtcs f Ocsus.

Ulrtfgtl, l pfstlr à ud scrvl quc hfstf suf v`kf pfrf foukfr f prldlvcr lnrcsn`dcgtl kl Nlrpl kc Nr`stl? "C cic nlgnckcu lutrls pfrf pfstlrcs c



@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf ;

dcstrcs nld v`stfs fl fpcrbc`èlfdcgtl kls sfgtls pfrf l kcscdpcgml klscu scrv`èl, pfrf f ck`b`nfèîl kl nlrpl kc Nr`stl", Cb ;?66-61.........................................................................................................................................................

@. ûrh`dcgtl kf K`sn`pi`gf

[ätuils? Ufstlrfi, Ufstlrc`l, Ufstlrfkl, [clilh`f Ufstlrfi, [clilh`f Uræt`nf,

[clilh`f D`g`stcr`fi…

Gls sànuils ]R@@@ c ]@] à quc sc kcscgvlivc f tclilh`f pfstlrfi lu ’tclilh`ffpi`nfkf—, sla `gbiuïgn`f kl ìud`g`sdl.

. Cd 6=65 Br`ckcr`nm ^nmic`crdfnmcr nr`f f nætckrf kc [clilh`f Uræt`nf, gfbfnuikfkc kc [clilh`f gf Sg`vcrs`kfkc kc Acri`d.

F tcrd`glilh`f quc tcd prcvficn`kl gf tclilh`f nftþi`nf gîl k`st`ghuc nldsub`n`cgtc nifrczf cgtrc pfstlrfi c tclilh`f pfstlrfi: ls kl`s tcrdls sîlbrcqùcgtcdcgtc utì`zfkls nldl s`gûg`dls c scus s`hg`b`nfkls plkcd ftà scrnlgbugk`kls kc bftl. Df`s nlrrctfdcgtc, gl nftli`n`sdl ’pfstlrfi— `gk`nf lnldpicxl kc ft`v`kfkcs kcscgvliv`kfs gf `hrcof pfrf f nlgscnuèîl kc scusprþpr`ls laoct`vls: ’tclilh`f pfstlrfi— `gk`nf f rcbicxîl, nr`t`nfdcgtcbugkfdcgtfkf, slarc l fnlgtcn`dcgtl pfstlrfi.

Gf ærcf prltcstfgtc ficdî pcrncac-sc f k`st`gèîl, pcil nlgtrær`l, cgtrc

tclilh`f pfstlrfi c tclilh`f præt`nf: ’tclilh`f pfstlrfi— `gk`nf f rcbicxîlslarc f ft`tukc kl pfstlr cd hcrfi, f rcspc`tl kc suf prþpr`f prlb`ssîl c åfoukf prcstfkf fl `gnrcdcgtl kfs fpt`kócs pcsslf`s kl pfstlr (prukcgt`fpfstlrfi`s), cgqufgtl quc ’tclilh`f præt`nf— kcs`hgf f rcbicxîl nrät`nf slarc ftfrcbf cnics`fi. F prlplstf bc`tf rcncgtcdcgtc gl áda`tl nftþi`nl kc scsuast`tu`r f cxprcssîl ’tclilh`f pfstlrfi— plr ’tclilh`f præt`nf— sc s`tuf cdnlrrcsplgkïgn`f fl kcsilnfdcgtl kf rcbicxîl slarc f ft`v`kfkc kl pfstlr gf`hrcof pfrf f rcbicxîl slarc l fh`r kf `hrcof cd sufs k`dcgsócs. Ufrf lpcgsfdcgtl kfs `hrcofs quc surh`rfd f pfrt`r kf Qcblrdf kl sànuil ]R@,bfifr kc ’pfstlrfi— tcd s`hg`b`nfkl, pr`gn`pfidcgtc, rcbcr`r-sc å bugèîl klpfstlr Zgl cgtfgtlT ls rcblrdfklrcs kl sànuil ]R@ gugnf bfifrfd kc’pfstlrfi—, qufgkl du`tl, rcbcr`rfd-sc fl d`g`stàr`l kl pfstlr c suf lrkcdprþpr`f. À þav`l quc, nld l nlrrcr kl tcdpl, prlkuzù-sc gl pcgsfdcgtlprltcstfgtc udf rckuèîl kl nlgnc`tl, quc bl` b`nfgkl i`d`tfkl å pcsslf (lu åb`hurf, nldl sc quc`rf) kl d`g`strl lrkcgfkl Z...T cstf tcgkïgn`f, blrtcdcgtcfrrf`hfkf gl prltcstfgt`sdl, `gbiu` blrtcdcgtc pfrf quc f nldprccgsîl kfpfstlrfi s`hf blnfi`zfgkl f b`hurf kl ’pfstlr—.

@@. Cgtcgkcgkl l D`g`stàr`l Ufstlrfi gf Aäai`f?

Gl Fgt`hl [cstfdcgtl?




Rï-sc gf m`stþr`f kls mcarcus f nr`fèîl kc rcafgmls kc lvcimfs. Vufgkl Kcusà nmfdfkl kc pfstlr bfz-sc dcgèîl fl nlt`k`fgl kls pfstlrcs quc nu`kfvfd,hu`fvfd c prltch`fd csscs rcafgmls. L sfidl 1> rctrftf f cxnciïgn`f klpfstlrc`l k`v`gl plr @srfci. ’L pfstlr à futlr`kfkc c sli`n`tukc, plkcr c

nfr`gml, v`hlr c tcrgurf...— (Qlgfikl ^ftmicr - Qlsf n`tfgkl Iàfg`l, p.68).^FIDL 1> (L ^fidl kl Ufstlr)

L ^cgmlr à l dcu pfstlr... @stl à rcifn`lgfdcgtl!

Gfkf dc bfitfræ... @stl à supr`dcgtl!

Nfd`gmfr dc bfz plr vcrkcs pfstls... @stl à kcsnfgsl!

Hu`f-dc dfgsfdcgtc f æhufs trfgquìfs... @stl à rcbr`hàr`l!

Qcbr`hcrf d`gmf fidf... @ stl à nurf!

Hu`f-dc pcifs vcrckfs kf oust`èf... @stl à k`rcèîl!

Ulr fdlr kc scu gldc... @stl à prlpþs`tl!

F`gkf quc cu fgkfssc pcil vfic kf sldarf kf dlrtc... @stl à prlvfèîl ci`vrfdcgtl!

Cu gîl tcdcr`f dfi fihud... @stl à prltcèîl!

Ulrquc tu cstæs nld`hl... @stl à b`kci`kfkc!

F tuf vfrf c l tcu nfofkl dc nlgslifd... @stl à cspcrfgèf!

Sghc f d`gmf nfacèf nld þicl... @stl à nlgsfhrfèîl!

C l dcu næi`nc trfgsalrkf... @stl à faugkágn`f!

Ncrtfdcgtc quc f algkfkc c f d`scr`nþrk`f dc schu`rîl tlkls ls

k`fs kf d`gmf v`kf... @stl à acgèîl!

C cu mfa`tfrc` gf nfsf kl ^cgmlr... @stl à schurfgèf!

Ulr ilghls k`fs... @stl à ctcrg`kfkc!

Gcstf gfrrft`vf, plkcdls gltfr l nu`kfkl kc Kcus nld scu rcafgml, tukldu`tl acd ìustrfkl ftrfvàs kl rcifn`lgfdcgtl cgtrc l Ufstlr c fs Lvcimfs.Gîl mfvcr`f dcimlr pcsslf pfrf cxprcssfr cstc scgt`dcgtl, Kfv` sfa`f, ludcimlr, nlgmcn`f du`tl acd l quc crf scr pfstlr, sfa`f l quc csnrcv`f, t`gmfcxpcr`ïgn`f kc i`kfr nld fs lvcimfs kc scu pf` (6 ^fduci 68 >;->2)




Nldl scr`f f cxpcr`ïgn`f kls Ufstlrcs nu`kfgkl kls Qcafgmls!

Hcrfidcgtc ls rcafgmls crfd nldplstls kc nfarfs c lvcimfs. F gcncss`kfkckc æhuf faugkfgtc pfrf l rcafgml crf csscgn`fi. Ulràd f csnfsscz bfz`f nldquc ls pfstlrcs blrdfsscd hrupls, nlgstru`gkl ud rckì nldud, pfrf tlklsls rcafgmls ug`kls. Ls rck`s crfd nlgstruäkls nld pfimf lu dfkc`rf,ncrnfkls plr ud durl kc pckrf, c slarc cic (durl), mfv`f bc`xcs kc csp`gmlsfpl`fkls cd pckrfs df`lrcs (l durl gîl crf pfrf `dpck`r fs lvcimfs kcsfärcd, dfs crf pfrf `dpck`r ls ilals cgtrfrcd). Sd pfstlr b`nfvf v`h`fgklå gl`tc kcbcgkcgkl l fpr`snl. Nfsl fihud `gtrusl tcgtfssc sua`r l durl, fpckrf nf`f c ficrtfvf l pfstlr cd v`h`f.

Kurfgtc l k`f, ls pfstlrcs scpfrfvfd ls scus rcafgmls c ls icvfvfd flspfstls. Å tfrkc, tlkls, rcug`fd-sc gl rckì (tcd du`tf hcgtc prcn`sfgkl

fprcgkcr `ssl!). L pfstlr b`nfvf gf cgtrfkf kl nurrfi quc crf nmfdfkl kc"plrtf".

K`ssc Ocsus... Cd vcrkfkc, cd vcrkfkc vls k`hl? Cu ^lu f Ulrtf kl Nurrfi kfslvcimfs. ’Olîl 65?8—.

’^cr pfstlr cd @srfci à scr b`ci å vlnfèîl kl plvl. Kfä quc ls k`r`hcgtcs kfgfèîl crfd nmfdfkls pfstlrcs? Ocrcd`fs, plr cxcdpil, nr`t`nf ls dfuspfstlrcs kc @srfci, nuid`gfgkl nld ud k`snursl ftrfvàs kl qufi bl`bust`hfgkl, suncss`vfdcgtc f bfdäi`f rcfi kc Oukæ, fls rc`s Olfnfz, Olfqu`d c

Ocnlg`fs (nb. Or 16.66 - 1>.1)— (Oÿi`l kc ^fgtf Fgf, p.>3).

Ufrf Oÿi`l kc ^fgtf Fgf, f b`hurf pfstlrfi vàtcrl„tcstfdcgtær`l tcd mfvcrnld f i`kcrfgèf pliät`nf kf àplnf, pl`s csscs t`gmfd nlgk`èócs kc hu`fr,prltchcr c nu`kfr kl plvl lu rcafgml. (I`vrl? Ucifs [rìmfs kl Dugkl fNfd`gml kl Qc`gl).

Gl Glvl [cstfdcgtl?

-Gl glvl pfntl lu fi`fgèf Ocsus Nr`stl à l Ald pfstlr. [lkf suf v`kf à f

ft`v`kfkc pfstlrfi. Cic à l dlkcil cxncicgtc c pcrbc`tl ’F pcsslf c præt`nf kcOcsus à dlkcil plr cxnciïgn`f kl d`g`stàr`l kf `hrcof c kl d`g`stàr`l klpfstlr c kf pfstlrf—.

’L Laoct`vl ncgtrfi kc tlkf fèîl pfstlrfi à quc Nr`stl scof blrdfkl, lu scof,quc Nr`stl pcrdc`c tlkf f v`kf kfs pcsslfs c scus dÿit`pilsrcifn`lgfdcgtls? nld Kcus, nld l prþx`dl, nld f gfturczf c nld cifsdcsdfs (Olîl 65.65)—.

- Gîl tcd nldl cgtcgkcr l d`g`stàr`l pfstlrfi gf Aäai`f scd rcbict`r gf

ftufèîl kc PMXM cd @srfci c kc Nr`stl gl dugkl. Kcus prcscgtc gf m`stþr`f,nu`kfgkl kl scu rcafgml.




Icgkl ^larc l Kld

’Cic dcsdl nlgnckcu ugs pfrf (...) pfstlrcs c dcstrcs.— Cb ;.66.

’Gcstc tcxtl pfrcnc sc rcbcr`r f dcsdf bugèîl—. Ufstlrcfr c cgs`gfr sîl

mfaì`kfkcs quc sc slarcpócd, gl cgtfgtl sîl k`st`gtfs. Cd`ssær`ls(fpþstlils) bugkfvfd nlghrchfèócs. Urlbctfs bfifvfd f pfifvrf kc Kcus.Urlnifdfklrcs kfs alfs-glvfs (cvfghci`stfs) nldug`nfd fs alfs-glvfs kcdlkl quc fs pcsslfs sc vlitcd kl pcnfkl c fnc`tfd l pcrkîl kc Kcus plr`gtcrdàk`l kl dcss`fs. Ufstlrcs prlsschucd f pfrt`r kcssc plgtl,k`sn`puifgkl c fnlgscimfgkl ls nrcgtcs glvls c dfkurls pfrf v`vcrcd fv`kf dcss`ág`nf. Dcstrcs nldug`nfd c fpi`nfd f vcrkfkc aäai`nf. Gcgmudkcvc sc lrhuimfr qufgtl f suf pls`èîl, dfs s`d prcpfrfr l plvl kc Kcus,nlgblrdc cxpi`nfkl gls vv. 61-6>. (Kfv`k M ^tcrg, p.2>8.)

Rlnfèîl Ufstlrfi

Rlnfèîl à? nmfdfdcgtl, ftl kc nlgv`kfr lu sli`n`tfr.

Rlnfèîl Hcrfi? [lkf mudfg`kfkc, kc dfgc`rf `gk`st`gtf, à nlgvlnfkfpfrt`n`pfr hrftu`tfdcgtc kls acgcbän`ls kl Cvfghciml nld afsc gls dàr`tlskf dlrtc kc Nr`stl.

Rlnfèîl Cspcnäb`nf? Cdalrf tlkls scofd nlgv`kfkls f usubru`r kls dc`ls kfhrfèf, gcd tlkls scrîl nlgv`kfkls f cxcrncr l d`g`stàr`l kf Ufifvrf. À ud

nmfdfkl quc kcpcgkc ÿg`nf c cxnius`vfdcgtc kls kcsähg`ls c kf slacrfg`fkc Kcus.

I`kcrfgèf Csp`r`tufi

I`kcrfgèf c scrv`èl cstîl `gt`dfdcgtc i`hfkls gf prlplstf aäai`nf csp`r`tufi.

Fqucics f qufi Kcus nmfdf pfrf l d`g`stàr`l kf Ufifvrf, `.à., Ufstlrfi,cxcrncd i`kcrfgèf csp`r`tufi. Cssf i`kcrfgèf à fihl quc kc fihudf dfgc`rfrcifn`lgf-sc nld f v`kf c d`ssîl kls nrcgtcs. F fèîl kcssf i`kcrfgèf du`tfs

vczcs gîl cstæ nifrf gl dc`l cvfghài`nl, gf df`lr`f kfs vczcs à rcifn`lgfkf ffkd`g`strfèîl, lrhfg`zfèîl c prclnupfèócs `gst`tun`lgfi c gîl nld fpfifvrf.

I`kcrfgèf tcrrcgf tcd mfvcr nld nmcb`f, nldfgkl, rcprcscgtfgtc kc udhrupl kc pcsslfs, fqucic quc cxcrnc `gbiuïgn`f sla lutrls. I`kcrfgèfcsp`r`tufi tcd mfvcr nld nlgkuz`r, hu`fr, lr`cgtfr, `gbiucgn`fr, tukl nldafsc gf pfifvrf kc Kcus.



@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf =

@@@. Urcpfrl Ufrf Ufstlrcfr

l f vlnfn`lgfkls à du`tl df`s cx`h`kfmloc kl quc fgtcs. Kcgg`s A`njcrs trftfgkl slarc cssc fssugtl fb`rdf? ’Ld`g`stàr`l à ærkul—. Ls pfstlrcs kc mloc sc kcpfrfd nld qucstócs quc scusprckcncsslrcs gugnf cgbrcgtfrfd? F@K^, nr`stîls k`vlrn`fkls, falrtl,prlaicdfs sln`f`s, v`liïgn`f cgtrc olvcgs c k`stlrèîl kc vfilrcs sîl fpcgfsfihudfs kfs qucstócs k`bänc`s quc kcvcd scr trftfkfs pcils pfstlrcs kc mloc.

Bldls nmfdfkls pfrf pfstlrcfr, pfrf nlgkuz`r mldcgs c duimcrcs f Nr`stl,f sc nlgblrdfrcd å `dfhcd kcic. Cstf à f glssf tfrcbf, à pfrf `ssl quc glsprcpfrfdls, cstukfdls c d`g`strfdls. Ufrf vcr pcsslfs scgkl nfkf vczdf`s scdcimfgtc fl bìml kc Kcus, rcbict`gkl suf hiþr`f, suf mudfg`kfkcpcrbc`tf.

F `hrcof scdprc tcvc f prclnupfèîl kc tcr pfstlrcs prcpfrfkls gf sufck`b`nfèîl. Nfsl nlgtrær`l, gîl tcräfdls tfgtfs lr`cgtfèócs gl Glvl[cstfdcgtl k`r`h`kfs cxnius`vfdcgtc f cssfs pcsslfs quc pfstlrc`fd.Ulkcdls fb`rdfr quc prcpfrfèîl à f cx`hïgn`f kl ^cgmlr (klgl) kf @hrcofpfrf l pfstlr.

Urcpfrl s`hg`b`nf?

Lackcncr fls Ur`gnäp`ls Aäai`nls pfstlrf`s Dfgtcr f csp`r`tufi`kfkc ftrfvàs kf Lrfèîl, Ic`turf c Dck`tfèîl

aäai`nf. N`tl fqu` tfdaàd ic`turfs cxtrfs? i`vrls c olrgf`s. Cstfr nlgtcxtufi`zfkl c ftufi`zfkl. Cstukfr [clilh`f.

L cstukl kf tclilh`f à l cstukl slarc f pfifvrf kc Kcus. L kld pfstlrfi à ld`g`stàr`l kf pfifvrf. Nldl slu d`g`strl (scrvl) kfquìl quc gîl nlgmcèl<L quc vlu bfifr kfquìl quc gîl cstukc` c gîl tcgml nlgmcn`dcgtl<

Nlgtrf fs tcgkïgn`fs gfrn`s`stfslh`f hrchf. ’L futl fkd`rfklr—.

Ucsslf du`tl vf`klsf, cgfdlrfkl kc s` dcsdf.

Ofdcs Mlustlg k`z quc plkcdls `kcgt`b`nfr pcil dcgls l`tl nfrfntcräst`nfskc kcsv`ls gls gfrn`s`stfs?

6. Glèócs hrfgk`lsfs kc futl `dplrtágn`f, fncgtufkfs plr nlgnc`tlsbfgtfs`lsls kc i`kcrfgèf.

1. Urclnupfèîl nld bfgtfs`fs kc suncssl, plkcr, arìmfgt`sdl c aciczfì`d`tfkls (...).






Gf rcifèîl pfstlr brutl kl Cspär`tl plkcdls vcr f ausnf kf `gtchr`kfkcd`g`stcr`fi. Cgqufgtl quc gf rcifèîl pfstlr gfrn`s`sdl, v`dls f kcnfkïgn`fkcssf `gtchr`kfkc.

@R. @DFHCD? [ukl Lu GFKF<

Dlkcil pfstlrfi ̀ gbiucgn`fkl pcif pþs-dlkcrg`kfkc?

Cdprcsfr`fi (pcrncac f gcncss`kfkc kl ’dcrnfkl—) ^tftus, pls`èîl (Ulkcr) Uli`t`nfhcd (pliät`nf kc `gtcrcsscs pcsslf`s)

Dlkcil Ufstlrfi Aäai`nl?

• Dlkcil Cxncicgtc? Nr`stl

• L i`vrl [clilh`f Ufstlrfi kl csnr`tlr Olsà Kcgcvfi Dcgkcs, p.12, fprcscgtfquftrl fspcntls kl dlkcil gcltcstfdcgtær`l pfstlrfi, lu scof, l pfstlr cdrcifèîl ås lvcimfs kcvc?

6 „ Hlvcrgfr > „ Fi`dcgtfr

1 „ Kcbcgkcr ; „ Nu`kfr

F `dfhcd quc rcbictc Nr`stl ofdf`s à `gbiucgn`fkf pcil prcscgtc sànuil, pcilnlgtrær`l, prltcstf c nlgv`kf f rcbicxîl c dukfgèfs gcncssær`fs (gfsncr kcglvl).

R. Ufstlr, d`g`strl kf Ufifvrf.

Fihugs pr`gnäp`ls pfrf cxcrncr dcimlr suf bugèîl?

l ’[rfgsblrdfgkl Limls cd Luv`kls— l ^c tlrgfr ud Cxchctf c Mcrdcgcutf.

L pfstlr ofdf`s plkc csqucncr-sc kc ’luv`r— f vlz kc Kcus. Vufgkl iï gîl

plkc kc`xfr-sc icvfr sþ pcifs gcncss`kfkcs kls lutrls, dfs fgtcs fpi`nfr fpfifvrf kc Kcus fs sufs gcncss`kfkcs.

Cxchctf? pcsslf quc bfz nldcgtær`l lu k`sscrtfèîl pfrf csnifrcn`dcgtl lud`gun`lsf `gtcrprctfèîl kc ud tcxtl lu kc udf pfifvrf.

Mcrdcgcutf? pcsslf quc @gtcrprctfr ls scgt`kls kfs pfifvrfs lu tcxtl.

L d`g`stàr`l kl pfstlr à prchfr f pfifvrf pfrf lr`cgtfr, nu`kfr c hu`fr. Cicscræ f pcsslf quc trfgsd`tc fs vcrkfkcs aäai`nfs ftrfvàs kc nldcgtær`ls c

`gtcrprctfèîl kl tcxtl. Cic tfdaàd kfræ csnifrcn`dcgtls fncrnf kf Aäai`f.




Ftufidcgtc tcdls df`s nlgk`èócs c df`s bcrrfdcgtfs kl quc lutrls t`vcrfdgl pfssfkl (pcsqu`sfs gfs ærcfs kc frquclilh`f, m`stþr`f, hclhrfb`f, bìlilh`f,cgtrc lutrfs, fiàd kc fncssl df`s bænì f `gblrdfèócs, i`vrls, aài`ltcnfs).

Ufstlr `hufi f Nr`stl

6. Gf v`kf pfrt`nuifr 2. Gl bfzcr k`snäpuils

1. Gf v`kf Csp`r`tufi 8. Gfs rcug`ócs

>. Gf R`kf Cdln`lgfi =. Gfs B`gfgèfs

;. Gl Cgs`gl 0. Gf ^fgt`kfkc

3. Gls ^crdócs 65. Gf Futlr`kfkc

Qfipm D. Q`hhs k`z quc ’à `dplssävci quc ud d`g`strl kl Cvfghciml scofvcrkfkc`rfdcgtc csp`r`tufi cd pÿai`nl c nfrgfi gf v`kf csp`r`tufi— . F v`kfpfrt`nuifr kl pfstlr tcstcdugmf l Cvfghciml kc Nr`stl. L quc du`tfs lvcimfsgîl cgtcgkcd f`gkf à quc l pfstlr prcn`sf nu`kfr tfdaàd kc s` dcsdl c kcsuf bfdäi`f. F v`kf pfrt`nuifr, csp`r`tufi c cdln`lgfi cstæ rcifn`lgfkf flnu`kfkl prþpr`l. L pfstlr kcvc nu`kfr-sc lu prcvcg`r-sc nlgtrf ls dficskcstc sànuil, cgtrc cics n`tl? fgs`ckfkc, cstrcssc, bfk`hf. Fihl quc l pfstlrkcvc pifgcofr tfdaàd nld afstfgtc rcsplgsfaì`kfkc à suf v`kf buturf

(vcim`nc c ouaìfèîl).

^larc f v`kf bfdì`fr f Aäai`f kf udf lr`cgtfèîl pfrf ls nfsfkls? ’dfs lmldcd nfsfkl prclnupf-sc nld fs nl`sfs kcstc dugkl, cd nldl fhrfkfrsuf csplsf— 6Nl 8.>>, dfs plr lutrl ifkl cssf gîl plkc scr udfprclnupfèîl quc imc t`rc kf pls`èîl cd Nr`stl ’pl`s sc fihuàd vcd f d`d (fNr`stl) c fdf l scu pf`, suf dîc, suf duimcr, scus bìmls, scus `rdîls c `rdîs,c ftà f suf prþpr`f v`kf df`s kl quc f d`d, gîl plkc scr dcu k`snäpuil— In6;.12. F`gkf tcdls f lr`cgtfèîl cd 6 [d > quc cgtrc ls du`tls rcqu`s`tlspfrf l d`g`stàr`l pfstlrfi cgnlgtrfdls fihugs rcqu`s`tls slarc f bfdäi`f? scr

dfr`kl kc udf sþ duimcr, c hlvcrgfr acd suf prþpr`f bfdäi`f, tcgkl lsbìmls suoc`tls f cic, nld tlkf f k`hg`kfkc. Ul`s sc fihuàd gîl hlvcrgfr sufprþpr`f bfdäi`f, nldl plkcræ nu`kfr kf `hrcof kc Kcus<

Nldlk`sdl ] Ft`v`sdl

Ls cxtrcdls gls ncrnfd gîl sþ gf tclilh`f pfstlrfi, dfs cd qufsc tlklspcgsfdcgtls fncrnf kc Kcus. ^cdprc tïd ls kl`s ifkls. Gf ftufèîl pfstlrfikcvc mfvcr fqucif mfrdlg`f gcncssær`f pfrf gîl tcr cxfhcrls. L ft`v`sdlbìlslb`nfdcgtc kcb`g`kl à f klutr`gf quc bfz kf ft`v`kfkc f cssïgn`f kf

rcfi`kfkc. Oæ l nldlk`sdl à l s`stcdf lu ft`tukc quc icvf l `gk`v`kul fftcgkcr, fn`df kc tukl, å prþpr`f nldlk`kfkc (acd-cstfr lu nlgblrtl).




L pfstlr gîl plkc sc fnldlkfr, pcil nlgtrær`l kcvc sfacr kc sufsrcsplgsfaì`kfkcs nld f `hrcof, nld suf bfdäi`f, nlgs`hl dcsdl c fn`df kctukl nld Kcus quc l nmfdlu pfrf cssc trfafiml.

Ulr lutrl ifkl, gîl plkc scr ud ft`v`stf. Omlg Xm`tc cd scu i`vrl ’Cgnlgtrc`

ud Iäkcr—, csnrcvc l schu`gtc nfp`tuil? ’Ls iäkcrcs kc Kcus gîl sîl v`n`fklscd trfafiml—. Cics trfafimfd kurls scd csnrfv`zfr-sc fl nft`vc`rl klprþpr`l trfafiml. ’Cics gîl tïd dckl kl trfafiml lu rcnc`l kc kcichfrtfrcbfs.— Sd ald iäkcr nlgs`kcrf l trfafiml nldl ud dc`l kc finfgèfr udlaoct`vl cspcn`b`nl.

Icvc cd nlgs`kcrfèîl `ssl. L d`g`stàr`l pfstlrfi à l quc df`s cstæ cdcv`kcgn`f gf `hrcof nr`stî kf ftufi`kfkc. Nlgs`kcrc cssf i`kcrfgèf nldl udscrv`èl pfrf finfgèfr Laoct`vls pfrf l Qc`gl kc Kcus? ck`b`nfèîl, k`snäpuils...

Cxpcntft`vfs

Gf [clilh`f Ufstlrfi fnrck`tl quc gîl kcvcr`f bfitfr cssf rcbicxîl? Vuf`s sîld`gmfs cxpcntft`vfs pfrf f bugèîl pfstlrfi gl sànuil ]]@< Df`s `dplrtfgtcf`gkf? cd qucd blnfi`zl d`gmfs cxpcntft`vfs<

Nld tfgtfs prcssócs pfrf ’rcsuitfkls— f brustrfèîl pfstlrfi plkc fnlgtcncrqufgkl gîl ’nrcsncr—, gl scgt`kl kc kcdlgstrfr rcsuitfkls. Icdls gf Aäai`f’Cu pifgtc`, Fplil Qchlu: dfs Kcus quc kæ l nrcsn`dcgtl. Ucil quc gcd lquc pifgtf à fihudf nl`sf, gcd l quc rchf, dfs Kcus quc kæ l nrcsn`dcgtl.

Lrf, l quc pifgtf c l quc rchf sîl ud: dfs nfkf ud rcncacræ l scu hfifrkîl,schugkl l scu trfafiml— @ Nl >? 2-=.

R@. Ufstlr Urf Vuï<

Kc tlkls ls fg`df`s kldàst`nls, fs lvcimfs sîl fs quc df`s cx`hcd trfafimlc csblrèl kl pfstlr, cx`hcd ftcgèîl c nu`kfkl dct`nuilsl, plr `ssl f slrtc kcudf lvcimf kcpcgkc hrfgkcdcgtc kl t`pl kc pcsslf quc à l scu pfstlr. Nldud ald pfstlr, gîl sc bfitf gfkf, fs lvcimfs nrcsncd c sc kcscgvlivcd.Kc`xfkf plr s` dcsdf, pcrkc-sc bfnìdcgtc, pl`s suf tcgkïgn`f à kcsv`fr-sckl nfd`gml: cif gîl pcrncac ls pcr`hls. ^c blr kc`xfkf cd ud pfstl plr udilghl tcdpl, fnfaf kcstru`gkl-l, frrfgnfgkl ftà fs rfäzcs kf hrfdf. ^c flvcimf nf`r gudf pcqucgf vfictf c b`nfr kc pcrgfs pfrf l fr, cif gîlnlgschuc sc icvfgtfr c, sc g`ghuàd f foukf, fnfaf ilhl dlrrcgkl.

F slrtc kc udf lvcimf kcpcgkc kl pfstlr. F Aäai`f dlstrf quc l mldcd ànldl udf lvcimf, pl`s suf tcgkïgn`f à kcsv`fr-sc kl nfd`gml ald c tldfr lnfd`gml kf kcstru`èîl. Cic tfdaàd prcn`sf scr pfstlrcfkl, @s 3>?2. Kcdfkruhfkf, l pfstlr nmfdf nfkf lvcimf pfrf blrf kl fpr`snl, pl`s qufgkl

v`cr l nfilr kl k`f, l rcafgml plkcræ sc kc`tfr gf sldarf oæ acd fi`dcgtfkf.



@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf 6>

^c mluvcrcd vær`ls rcafgmls rcug`kls fi` gl fpr`snl, cic nmfdf nfkf lvcimfpcil gldc, c cifs rcnlgmcncd f suf vlz, schu`gkl-l.

ûf prclnupfèîl à icvfr fs lvcimfs å alf pfstfhcd, kfr- imcs æhuf, prltcèîl,nu`kfkl ås klcgtcs, c ås quc sc kcsv`fd kl nfd`gml. Å tfrkc nlgkuz

glvfdcgtc l rcafgml fl fpr`snl c fs bfz cgtrfr udf plr udf pcif plrtf.

Ufssf f dîl cxfd`gfgkl nfkf udf, `gk`v`kufidcgtc, gfs bcr`kfs kcrrfdfþicl c nu`kf kls nfrrfpftls c pcstcs. Nlgtf sufs lvcimfs c, bfitfgkl udf,vlitf f prlnuræ-if, nlgblrdc IN 63?>, 8. L pfstlr v`h`f nlgstfgtcdcgtc, cicprcn`sf `r lgkc cgnlgtrfr pfstls vcrkcofgtcs c æhuf.

F lvcimf prcn`sf sc scgt`r schurf c scd tcdlr pfrf nrcsncr c sc kcscgvlivcracd, pl`s, sc cst`vcr `gqu`ctf, nld tcdlrcs, gîl sc fi`dcgtf acd c gîlmfvcræ kcscgvliv`dcgtl c rcprlkuèîl. Ulr `ssl, f slrtc kfs lvcimfs kcpcgkc

kl pfstlr c kf dfgc`rf quc nu`kf kcifs. Fqucics quc tïd nldpf`xîl pcifslvcimfs kîl suf v`kf plr cifs. Vufgkl ilghc kc suf nfsf, l pfstlr bfz nurrfinld hfimls kc csp`gmls pfrf prltcèîl c sc kc`tf gf cstrfkf kurfgtc fs gl`tcsilghfs, prltchcgkl l rcafgml kls prckfklrcs.

R@@. F Fprcscgtfèîl kl Ufstlr

Nu`kfkl nld scu nlrpl:

Glssl nlrpl à l vc`nuil ftrfvàs kl qufi bugn`lgf tlkl l glssl d`g`stàr`l. ^c

cssc vcänuil fklcncr, f plgtufi`kfkc c f cb`n`ïgn`f scrîl prcouk`nfkfs. Àrfzlævci, pl`s, quc nu`kcdls acd kl glssl nlrpl, quc gls bl` kfkl pcil^cgmlr, pl`s, fiàd kl df`s, sldls tcdpils kl Cspär`tl ^fgtl, @ NL 2?60, 15.[cr ud ald bäs`nl gîl kcvc scr b`gfi`kfkc cd s` dcsdf, dfs plssu`r ud aldbäs`nl, blrtc, à udf vfgtfhcd pfrf l d`g`strl kc Kcus. Nfpfn`tf-gls f scrdlskcshfstfkls pfrf Kcus c kfr picgf cxprcssîl c cb`n`ïgn`f å suf nfpfn`tfèîlcsp`r`tufi c dcgtfi.

Fausfr kl nlrpl à fihl `gscgsftl c, plunl tcdpl pfrf l rcplusl crcnupcrfèîl icvf f ruägf kf glssf sfÿkc.

Ic`f Î 618?1 c DN 2?>6. Gf pfssfhcd kc IN 16?>; k`z quc gîl kcvcdls b`nfrslarcnfrrchfkls pcif huif c pcifs prclnupfèócs kcstc dugkl, pl`s `ssl scr`fifèl pfrf gþs. Cd HI 3?1> bfif kc kldäg`l prþpr`l c Ufuil bfif cd dfgtcr scunlrpl cd suoc`èîl, @ NL 0?18.

Fssc`l Ucsslfi:

L d`g`strl kc Kcus kcvc scr ud mldcd i`dpl. Gcd dcsdl udf v`kfb`gfgnc`rf k`bänì gîl oust`b`nf l fgkfr suol. L larc`rl kl ^cgmlr prcn`sf

fgkfr acd frrudfkl, nmc`rlsl, c nuol fssc`l rcssfitc f v`stf. [fdaàd scnlgkcgf l fgkfr cxfhcrfkfdcgtc gf dlkf.



@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf 6;

F m`h`cgc pcsslfi c nlrplrfi kcvc scr tîl pcrbc`tf nldl f kf dcgtc, klnlrfèîl c kf i`ghufhcd. Mæ d`g`strls c larc`rls quc prlbcrcd tcrdls`gnldpftävc`s nld l kcnlrl kl d`g`strl kl Cvfghciml. Fi`æs, dcsdl scgklkltfkl kc ud i`ghufofr plarc, crrfkl, nld plunl vlnfauiær`l à lar`hfèîl kl

mldcd kc Kcus prlnurfr dcimlrfr, ftrfvàs kc cstukl c ic`turf.K`hg`kfkc

^c ud mldcd gîl t`vcr k`hg`kfkc, gîl plkc scr d`g`strl kl Cvfghciml.

K`hg`kfkc à ud nlgougtl gl qufi bfzcd pfrtc GLAQC_F, KCNLQL,HQFR@KFKC, ^CQ@CKFKC, c NLDUL^[SQF. Gîl qucr k`zcr quc l mldcd kcKcus prcn`sf tcr gl scu rlstl p`ckfkc blrèfkf, scdaifgtc slicgc lufdcfèfklr, dfs ud nldplrtfdcgtl quc `gsp`rf QCÛC@[FA@I@KFKC. Cic àiäkcr csp`r`tufi c cxcdpil dlrfi kl plvl kc Kcus: tcd l kcvcr kc scr mldcd

tcdpcrfkl, dcsdl quc scof olvcd (@ [D ;?61). Cd CB 3?; Ufuil rcnldcgkfquc gîl mfof cgtrc cics? Nlgvcrsfèîl tlrpc: Ufifvrfs vîs: Nmlnfrr`ncs, ctn.

L mldcd kc Kcus gîl kcvc scr cxncss`vfdcgtc `gt`dl nld ls dcdarls kf`hrcof pfrf gîl scr kcsrcspc`tfkl. Cxncssl kc bfdì`fr`kfkc k`d`gu` suffutlr`kfkc c l rcaf`xl gl nlgnc`tl c rcspc`tl kls kcdf`s nrcgtcs.

[ftl:

^`hg`b`nf prukïgn`f, pl`s ft`tukcs, pfifvrfs lu hcstls `dpcgsfkls prcouk`nfd

suf `dfhcd c scu trfafiml. Mæ nfsls cd quc l pfstlr prcn`sf nlrr`h`rnldplrtfdcgtl kfs pcsslfs, olvcgs, fkuitls lu nr`fgèfs: lu nlrr`h`r fihudfkcslrkcd gf `hrcof, lu gudf rcug`îl lu fsscdaic`f, k`snlrkf kc udflp`g`îl gîl nldpftävci nld f vcrkfkc c cd tlkls csscs nfsls gîl plkc bcr`rf susnctàì`kfkc kfs pcsslfs, gîl mudìmfr, gîl kcsdlrfi`zfr, gîl lbcgkcr,gîl nr`fr ni`df kcsfhrfkævci, gîl bcr`r g`ghuàd, cgb`d.

K`snr`èîl:

^cr tfrk`l cd bfifr c prlgtl f luv`r à udf v`rtukc, [H 6?60. Ufrf gîl scrdls

fnusfkls bfisfdcgtc cd kfkls dldcgtls, Ufuil cgs`gf? QD 6;?62 „ ’Gîlscof, pl`s, v`tupcrfkl (rcprccgk`kl) l vlssl acd—.

L mldcd kc Kcus tcd quc scr kc vlgtfkc b`rdc c nlgtrlifkf c dcgtc sæa`fpfrf fh`r nld prukïgn`f, gîl sc cgvlivcgkl cd s`tufèócs kc cdafrfèls.

Rcof fihugs cxcdpils?

6. ^cr scdprc nfvfimc`rl, dfs nfutcilsl:

1. Vufgkl icvfr pfrf nfsf pcsslf kc scxl lplstl, `r scdprc fnldpfgmfkl kc

udf tcrnc`rf pcsslf, gugnf kcvc `r slz`gml:




>. [lkl nlgtftl nld l scxl lplstl kcvc scr cxtrcdfdcgtc nfutcilsl:

;. Mæ larc`rls quc sþ sîl fbctulsls nld duimcrcs: `ssl prcn`sf scr cv`tfkl.

3. [rftfr nld k`st`gèîl kctcrd`gfkfs pcsslfs c lutrfs gîl à fncpèîl kc

pcsslfs, c tcd kc scr cv`tfkl:

2. [rftfr kc blrdf pr`vìch`fkf pcsslfs b`gfgnc`rfdcgtc fafstfkfs à udfft`tukc rcprlvævci:

8. Cgtrfr cd nlgvcrsf kc pcsslfs, dcsdl scgkl dcdarls kf suf `hrcof,qufgkl cstcs bfifd cd pfrt`nuifr, à bfitf kc k`snr`èîl c ftà kc ckunfèîl.

=. Ssfr tcrdls quc trfkuzcd bfsn`gfèîl plr fihudf pcsslf, dcsdl scddfi`n`f à

Ncgsurævci:

0. Cilh`fr sþ duimcrcs lu sldcgtc f csplsf, qufgkl sc trftfr kc nfsfi,dcsdl quc fs `gtcgèócs scofd fs df`s oustfs c purfs, plkc susn`tfrnldcgtær`ls kcsfhrfkævc`s.

CQQL^ F CR@[FQ

Sd pfstlr nld v`kf nlgsfhrfkf glrdfidcgtc sfac nldplrtfr-sck`hgfdcgtc gl cxcrnän`l kf suf glarc d`ssîl. Gfs sufs dÿit`pifs ft`v`kfkcs,

gl kcscol kc cv`tfr nlgtcgkfs, ls csblrèls pfrf rcslivcr nld fdlr nr`stîlprlaicdfs nldpi`nfkls quc surhcd gf suf `hrcof, gfs rcifèócs pcsslf`s cbugn`lgf`s gl d`g`stàr`l, gîl à bænì schu`r l Dcstrc c scr prukcgtc c sæa`l,dfgtcgkl scdprc l pfkrîl àt`nl kf suf pls`èîl. ^c b`zcr csnrupuilsfdcgtc lcxfdc kf suf prþpr`f pcrslgfi`kfkc, b`nfræ df`s acd prcpfrfkl pfrfrcnlgmcncr c nlrr`h`r sufs brfquczfs, c dfgtcr f purczf kc dlt`vls glcxcrnän`l kc scu d`g`stàr`l.

Mæ vfr`ckfkc kc tcdpcrfdcgtls cgtrc pfstlrcs nldl cd qufiqucr lutrlhrupl kc pcsslfs.

Fihugs sîl frklrlsls c nmc`ls kc nlgb`fgèf c cspcrfgèf: lutrls sîl `rfsnävc`sc bfnìdcgtc b`nfd zfghfkls c falrrcn`kls. Fihugs sîl nfidls c trfgquìls,cgqufgtl lutrls gcrvlsls c bfnìdcgtc b`nfd fh`tfkls. L pfstlr plkc nuit`vfrnld prlvc`tl f mlgcst`kfkc `gtcicntufi: tcr c dfgtcr fs nlgv`nèócs qufgtl åsvcrkfkcs pr`dlrk`f`s kf bà nr`stî.

Cd qucstócs kc `gtcrprctfèîl c dàtlkls kc scrv`èl, kcvc rcnlgmcncr qucgîl à `gbfiävci, c prlnurfr rcnlgmcncr f vcrkfkc gf pls`èîl kfqucics quc gîlnlgnlrkfd nld cic.




Kcv`kl ås brfquczfs mudfgfs, l nldplrtfdcgtl kl pfstlr gcd scdprcnlgk`z nld scu nlgmcn`dcgtl. Cd ncrtfs n`rnugstágn`fs à k`bänì sualrk`gfr lscu pcrslgfi`sdl fls `kcf`s kl d`g`stàr`l nr`stîl. Ufstlrcs df`s cxpcr`cgtcsc csp`r`tuf`s lbcrcncd nlgscimls vfi`lsls pfrf ls olvcgs pfstlrcs gf

blrdfèîl kc scus vfilrcs àt`nls. L `rdîl K.O. ^tlrcr, gl scu i`vrl ’[MCUQCFNMCQ—, dcgn`lgf fihugs crrls kf v`kf àt`nf kl prchfklr (mldcd kcKcus):

6. Bfitf `gtcrcssc c kcscol kc foukfr ls `rdîls gf sliuèîl kc scus prlaicdfs.

1. L pcr`hl kc gîl trftfr kc scus prþpr`ls gchþn`ls

>. F pcrkf kl `kcfi`sdl kf suf vlnfèîl.

;. Fh`tfèîl cd tlrgl kls prlaicdfs quc `gnldlkfd ls `rdîls.

3. Kcscol c csblrèl kc hfihfr f prccd`gïgn`f cgtrc ls nlichfs kc d`g`stàr`l

’nustc l quc nustfr—.

L Kr. ^tlrcr f`gkf rcnldcgkf quc, pfrf vcgncr csscs crrls (brfquczfs), usfrfs schu`gtcs suhcstócs:

(f). Nuit`vfr l cspär`tl kc oust`èf gfs rcifèócs pcsslf`s.

(a). Kcscgvlivcr l cspär`tl kc nllpcrfèîl gf sft`sbfèîl kfs gcncss`kfkcs kc

lutrls `rdîls.

(n). Urft`nfr f k`sn`pi`gf prþpr`f nld b`rdczf c MLGC^[@KFKC.

(k). Urlnurfr cgtcgkcr kc blrdf rcfiäst`nf ls prlaicdfs kl nlrpl kclarc`rls (fs) kf nlghrchfèîl c kl d`g`stàr`l.

(c). Qcnlgmcncr quc gugnf sc kcvc scdcfr k`snþrk`f c k`sscgsócs cdgcgmud iuhfr.

Gîl à bænì pfrf ud pfstlr rcnlgmcncr sufs brfquczfs prþpr`fs, dfs schu`gkl

ls prcnc`tls fprcscgtfkls, f plssàì`kfkc kl crrl d`g`stcr`fi k`d`gu` c sufnrckàì`kfkc fudcgtf.

Cd du`tls iuhfrcs vcdls quc, mæ pfstlrcs c k`r`hcgtcs nld tcgkïgn`f fncgsurfr fspcrfdcgtc c nld prfzcr, fs bfitfs kc scus `rdîls larc`rls. À ls

’nfèfklrcs kc pcnfkls—, ls ’@gk`fgf Olgcs kfs glssfs `hrcofs—. D[ 8?61 k`z?’[ukl qufgtl, pl`s qucrc`s quc ls mldcgs vls bfèfd, fss`d bfzc`-l vþstfdaàd f cics: plrquc cstæ à f Ic` c ls prlbctfs—.

Fpi`nfgkl ls pr`gnäp`ls àt`nls oæ dcgn`lgfkls t`rfdls df`s fihugs prcnc`tls,quc, gîl rcfi`zfkls, nlgst`tucd hrfvc crrl: 6. L larc`rl nlgsn`cgn`lsl gîl





@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf 6=

Cd D[ 8?6 sc cgnlgtrf f brfsc ’ouäzl tcdcrær`l—, dfs du`tls gîl bfzcd `kc`fkl quc plssf s`hg`b`nfr [CDCQÆQ@L.

[cdcrær`l s`hg`b`nf?

...@dprukcgtc... Ucr`hlsl

...Urcn`p`tfkl... ^cd bugkfdcgtl

Ocsus cstfvf sc rcbcr`gkl fl dfu mæa`tl kc nuipfr fihuàd kc blrdf`gbugkfkf, ftrfvàs kc nr`t`nfs fdfrhfs c `goustfs. Ls bfr`scus: (f) Nr`t`nfvfdl rcifn`lgfdcgtl kc Ocsus nld ls pcnfklrcs: D[ 0?65-66 „ ’... plrquc nldc lvlssl dcstrc nld ls puai`nfgls c pcnfklrcs<—.

L nr`t`nl à ud ’kcsnlar`klr— kc crrls v`vc å prlnurf kc bfimfs fimc`fs.

(a) Nr`t`nfvfd l d`g`stàr`l kc Ocsus:

D[ 0?>; „ ’... Cic cxpuisf ls kcdûg`ls pcil prägn`pc kls kcdûg`ls—.

L ouihfklr tcdcrær`l `dfh`gf fs U@LQC^ @G[CGÈÓC^ KF^ UC^^LF^.

Olhfd ’æhuf br`f— gls scus pifgls c cgtus`fsdl, d`g`stàr`l, ctn.

(n) Frrlhfgtcs c scd d`scr`nþrk`f gls scus ouäzls: Nlgb`fd kcdf`s cd s`dcsdls, nrcgkl quc sîl oustls c kcsprczfd ls lutrls.

IN 6=?66 „ ’... þ Kcus, hrfèfs tc klu quc gîl slu nldl ls kcdf`s mldcgs,rluafklrcs, `goustls, fkÿitcrls, gcd f`gkf nldl cssc puai`nfgl—.

(k) Ulrquc Ocsus nlgkcgf l ouäzl tcdcrær`l<

’... Gîl ouihuc`s...—

Csscs tïd udf v`sîl dälpc kls bftls. Gîl nlrr`hcd f s` dcsdls, dfs qucrcdscdprc `gtcrbcr`r gf nlgkutf c pcgsfdcgtls kls lutrls.

Fdfkl pfstlr pcèf f Kcus quc vls i`vrc kf tcgtfèîl kc bfzcr nr`t`nf fdfrhfs

c cd`t`r ouäzls tcdcrær`ls slarc l tcu prþx`dl.

L L[@D@^DL C]FHCQFKL

K`z l k`n`lgær`l arfsìc`rl Hilal? lt`d`sdl à f tcgkïgn`f kc sc vcr tukl pcilifkl ald. C qufgkl, v`tþr`f fpþs v`tþr`f, l lt`d`sdl sc tlrgf cxfhcrfkl<Rcd åqucif scgsfèîl kc lrhuiml, fqucif fichr`f rcsuitfgtc kl suncssl.

À nldud vcr fihuàd sc rchlzòfr gudf v`tþr`f csp`r`tufi, dfs lascrvc:

GCNC^^@[FDL^ DCK@Q L HQFS KL GL^^L QCHL_@OL, plrquc ås vczcs f glssffichr`f gîl à kl ^cgmlr, dfs nfrgfi, c, scgkl fss`d nlrrcdls sàr`l pcr`hl.




Icgkl @

^D 63?6>-12, vcdls quc ^FSI FICHQLS-^C GF^ R@[ÞQ@F^ quc l ^cgmlr imcmfv`f kfkl, dfs l ^cgmlr GÎL ^C FICHQLS nld f suf fichr`f, fichr`f kc^fui.

Ftà l fplstlil Ufuil ncrtf vcz sc rchlzòlu kc scu trfafiml, dfs vlitlu ftræs,k`zcgkl? ’Gîl cu, dfs f hrfèf kc Kcus cstæ nld`hl— @ NL 63?65.

Du`tls d`g`strls tïd trlpcèfkl gcssf pckrf, kl lt`d`sdl cxfhcrfkl,icvfgkl udf v`kf kc cxncss`vf sft`sbfèîl prþpr`f: hlzl cd s` pcils trfafimlsrcfi`zfkls: tcd f sft`sbfèîl kc vcr suf prþpr`f vlz hrfvfkf, scof gl väkcl lugf [R: bfzcd qucstîl quc l nlrl kf `hrcof, l hrupl kc iluvlr, f afgkf kf ^SF`hrcof rcncafd ls df`lrcs cilh`ls, c kfä plr k`fgtc, fs nl`sfs pfssfd pfrf lpifgl, gîl kc sfnr`bän`ls kf larf kl ^cgmlr, dfs kc cxà`n`lg`sdls.

Ucils glssls suncssls csp`r`tuf`s, scrcdls tcgtfkls f nrcr nfkf vcz df`s quc’sldls ls algs— c f kcpcgkcr fpcgfs kc gþs dcsdls c quc kfqu` pfrf brcgtc[SKL RF@ ACD. Nldl Ocsus bcz, glssf ft`tukc kcvcr`f scr kc gls rct`rfr pfrfud iuhfr f sþs, pfrf ud pfrt`nuifr nld CIC c gls i`vrfr kcssc pcr`hlcsp`r`tufi, quc df`s nckl, df`s tfrkc, icvf fl lrhuiml.

L UC^^@D@^DL

K`z l k`n`lgær`l oæ dcgn`lgfkl quc à f tcgkïgn`f pfrf vcr c ouihfr fs nl`sfs

pcil ifkl tukl pàss`dl, lu df`s kcsbfvlrævci c kc tukl cspcrfd l p`lr.

Lrf, scofdls nifrls, sc cspcrfdls FUCGF^ C ^CDUQC L U@LQ, à plrquc GÎL[CDL^ BÀ. C l quc k`z cd MA 6>?2? ’^cd bà g`ghuàd plkc fhrfkfr f Kcus,plrquc quc vf` pfrf Kcus prcn`sf nrcr quc Cic cx`stc c quc rcnldpcgsf lsquc l prlnurfd—.

RCOF ACD? L pfstlr à tcstcdugmf kc udf vcrkfkc `gb`g`tfdcgtc df`lr klquc cic dcsdl. À cdaf`xfklr kl Kcus Ctcrgl: ud vfsl bræhì à vcrkfkc, dfsud vfsl quc icvf pcrk`kls l tcslurl kf v`kf ctcrgf.

F UCQ^CRCQFGÈF

F df`lr`f kls i`vrls kf Aäai`f bl` csnr`tls gud nlgtcxtl cd quc ls scrvls kcKcus v`gmfd slbrcgkl hrfgkc rcoc`èîl plr pfrtc kfs pcsslfs pfrf fs quf`sblrfd cgv`fkls. Rcof ls cxcdpils kc Ocrcd`fs c kl prþpr`l Ocsus, fiàd kcpcrschu`èîl (Ci`fs, Ufuil, Uckrl c Olîl).

@stl dlstrf l quc scr cspcrfkl plr fqucics quc scrvcd f Kcus, c nldl udcxcdpil kf blrdf NLDL KCRCD QCFH@Q k`fgtc kf pcrschu`èîl c kl

slbr`dcgtl.




Cd Qldfgls =?68, sldls nfrfntcr`zfkls nldl nl-slbrcklrcs nld Nr`stl cnlcrkc`rls kc suf hiþr`f. Gls vs >3->0 cic fb`rdf quc gcgmudf cspàn`c kcslbr`dcgtl plkc scpfrfr-gls kc Nr`stl. Nlgniuädls cgtîl quc l slbr`dcgtlplkcr`f scr usfkl pfrf tcgtfr scpfrfr-gls kc Kcus, dfs quc gîl prcn`sf

prcvficncr. L slbr`dcgtl gls finfgèf ug`nfdcgtc gf dck`kf cd quc llg`pltcgtc Kcus pcrd`tc c cd quc ls prlpþs`tls kc Kcus sîl finfgèfkls glsslbr`dcgtls kc scus scrvls.

L DCKL

Dckl - l dckl à udf cdlèîl kc fbfstfdcgtl c cgvlivc udf buhf kl pcr`hl. Àudf rcfèîl f ud pcr`hl rcfi c cd`gcgtc, f rcsplstf cdln`lgf, sîlnlgtrlifkfs pcil s`stcdf gcrvlsl. L dckl plkc kìftfr fs pupìfs: slarcvàdtrcdlr c nfifbr`l. Cssf rcfèîl à gfturfi plr Kcus pfrf f prcscrvfèîl kf v`kf.

F Aäai`f gîl nlgkcgf, cdalrf cxlrtc f olhfrdls l bfrkl kl dckl slarc l^cgmlr. (Î 33?1-3,11).

@srfci scgtù dckl c, qufgkl cstfvfd scd sfäkf, limfrfd pfrf l fitl c sþfss`d rcncacrfd l i`vrfdcgtl. Î616.

F dcgsfhcd kc Kcus pfrf gþs à ’Gîl tcdfs—, C] 6;?65-63: @^ ;6?65-6; c, k`zudf puai`nfèîl cvfghài`nf quc >22 vczcs fpfrcnc å brfsc ’gîl tcdfs—.

[cdlr „ à ud scgt`dcgtl nlgsn`cgtc, rfn`lgfi, quc gls foukf f gîl cstfrdlscd s`tufèócs pcr`hlsfs scd gcncss`kfkc. Nldl f Aäai`f cgs`gf prukïgn`f, l

^cgmlr Kcus tfdaàd gls kcu cstc scgt`dcgtl l tätuil kc ficrtf cprcscrvfèîl.

UR 6;?62 „ ’L sæa`l à nfutcilsl c kcsv`f-sc kl dfi,...—.

Fiàd kl tcdlr rcvcrcgtc pcif hrfgkczf c sfgt`kfkc kl ^cgmlr, kcvcdls[CDCQ UCNFQ NLG[QF CIC. D[ 65?1= „ ’Gîl tcdf`s ls quc dftfd l nlrpl c gîl plkcd dftfr f fidf, tcdc`, fgtcs, fqucic quc plkc bfzcr pcrcncr gl`gbcrgl tfgtl f fidf nldl l nlrpl—. Bla`f „ à udf cdlèîl pfrcn`kf nld ldckl, scd l pcr`hl scr rcfi. Hcrf udf cgcrh`f psäqu`nf quc nfusf klcgèfsbäs`nfs. [fdaàd hcrf BÀ GCHF[@RF, c hcrf l quc f pcsslf tcdc, OÞ >?13 „ ’Fquìl quc tcdl dc slarcvàd, c l quc rcnc`l dc fnlgtcnc—. Kcus lpcrf pcifbà, l `g`d`hl usf bla`f pfrf lpr`d`r.

Cxcdpils? dckl kl csnurl, kc fiturf, iuhfr bcnmfkl, afrftf, ctn.

F dîc quc nlrrc pfrf kcaf`xl kf nfdf nld ls bìmls qufgkl nmlvc lutrlvcof, pfssf cssf bla`f pfrf bìmls, gctls ctn. Fgs`ckfkc „ dckl c bla`fougtls: à ud DCKL FG[CN@UFKL kc ud pcr`hl quc cstæ plr v`r. Urcouk`n`fi,gîl rcslivc c gfkf dcimlrf nld suf prcscgèf.




D[ 2?18 „ ’Vufi kc vþs, plr fgs`lsl quc cstcof, plkc fnrcsncgtfr ud nûvfklfl nursl kf suf v`kf<—. Dukf pfrf p`lr, f tcgsîl prlvlnf cgbcrd`kfkc glnlrpl. À vcrkfkc quc fs prclnupfèócs nlgtràucd pfrf f fgs`ckfkc. L qucsîl prclnupfèócs< À udf ausnf kc sliuèócs rcf`s pfrf ls prlaicdfs kf v`kf

mudfgf. Ufuil sc prclnupfvf nld fs `hrcofs: @@ NL 66?1= „ ’Fiàd kfs nl`sfscxtcr`lrcs, mæ l quc pcsf slarc d`d k`fr`fdcgtc, f prclnupfèîl nld tlkfsfs `hrcofs—.

F Aäai`f dfgkf kcsnfgsfr (nlgb`fr) gl ^cgmlr. Rcof ls vs kc Î >8? >-8, lgkcsfi`cgtfdls l vs 3 „ ’Cgtrchf l tcu nfd`gml fl ^cgmlr, nlgb`f Gcic, c l df`sCic bfræ—. Rcof f`gkf:

D[ 2?.>; „ ’Ulrtfgtl, gîl vls `gqu`ctc`s nld l k`f kc fdfgmî, pl`s fdfgmîtrfræ scus nu`kfkls: afstf nfkf k`f scu dfi—.

Icdarc-sc, fd`hl larc`rl (f), ^CUFQC [CDUL UFQF UCG^FQ C AS^NFQQCÛL^[F^.

Cd schu`kf?

@ UC 3?8 „ ’Ifgèfgkl slarc Cic tlkf f vlssf fgs`ckfkc, plrquc cic tcdnu`kfkl kc vþs—. Rù sþ, kï l tcu bfrkl c scræs fdpfrfkl plr Cic.

Î 33?11 „ ’Nlgb`f ls tcus nu`kfkls fl ^cgmlr, c cic tc sustcræ: ofdf`spcrd`t`ræ quc l oustl scof fafifkl—.

Nuit`vfgkl rcifn`lgfdcgtl `gt`dl nld Kcus, blrtficncræ tuf bà, afg`gkl FG^@CKFKC^ kf tuf v`kf. F prcscgèf kc Kcus cd glssf v`kf ’[@QF— l dckl.

Î 1>?; „ ’F`gkf quc cu fgkc pcil vfic kf sldarf kf dlrtc, gîl tcdcrc` dfigcgmud, plrquc tu cstæs nld`hl:...—.

[ldc plssc kf prldcssf kc quc Kcus fdf vlnï c nu`kf kc vlnï: vcof D[65?1=->6, lgkc sfi`cgtfdls l vs >6 „ ’Gîl tcdf`s, pl`s! Acd df`s vfic`s vþskl quc du`tls pfrkf`s—.

Qcdlrsl „ À ud t`pl kc fgs`ckfkc, nfrfntcr`zfkl pcil dckl kc rcncacr udnfst`hl plr ud crrl prft`nfkl. L ^cgmlr Kcus gls pcrklf ls pcnfkls c glsfaslivc kf pcgf. @ OL ;?6= „ ’Gl fdlr gîl cx`stc dckl: fgtcs l pcrbc`tl fdlrifgèf blrf l dckl. Lrf, l dckl prlkuz tlrdcgtl: ilhl, fqucic quc tcdc gîl àfpcrbc`èlfkl gl fdlr—. L dckl kcvc scr cv`tfkl, pl`s træs l brfnfssl cpcrturafèócs å pcrslgfi`kfkc kl `gk`v`kul.

Fiàd kl df`s, l pfstlr `gschurl cstæ trfgsd`t`gkl l dckl c f `gschurfgèf flrcafgml kl ^cgmlr. Nldl l dckl nfusf prclnupfèîl, cstf, gls tlrgf tcgsls

c gcrvlsls.




R@@@. L Ufstlr c l Uÿip`tl

[lkfs fs hrfgkcs lrhfg`zfèócs kl dugkl dlkcrgl plssucd l scu ’plgtlfitl—, l qufi sþ plkc scr lnupfkl plr fihuàd quc scof nfpfz c quc tcgmf s`klprcpfrfkl cspcn`fidcgtc pfrf lnupæ-il. L tcdpil cvfghài`nl tfdaàd tcd l

’plgtl fitl— cstc iuhfr à cxftfdcgtc l pÿip`tl.

FL F^^SD@Q L UßIU@[L

L Ufstlr gîl kcvc, kc dlkl fihud, fausfr kl pÿip`tl: gîl à l pÿip`tl iuhfrpfrf ncgsurfr ls kcbc`tls kc tcrnc`rls, kcbcgkcr-sc kc scus fkvcrsær`ls, ludcsdl nlgtrf „ ftfnfr nld `gk`rctfs fqucics nld qucd dfgtàd k`bcrcgèf. Fhrfn`fr scus fd`hls lu cgfitcncr ls acgbc`tlrcs (scus lu kf `hrcof) tfdaàdà prcouk`n`fi, pl`s, nr`f k`v`sócs kcgtrl kf `hrcof.

L pÿip`tl tfdaàd gîl à iuhfr pfrf quc`xfs nlgtrf `gbifèîl c nlgtrf`gsub`n`ïgn`f kc rcdugcrfèîl. ^c mluvcr k`v`sîl gf `hrcof „ bftl cstc nfkf vczdf`s nldud „ l pÿip`tl gugnf kcvcræ scr usfkl pfrf bfvlrcncr ud cnldaftcr l lutrl, dfs sþ pfrf ug`-ils f tlkls.

Fiàd kcstfs nl`sfs, l pfstlr kcvc nuit`vfr cichfgtcdcgtc f suf plsturf glpÿip`tl kc udf `hrcof. Ufuil rcnldcgkf f [`dþtcl? ’Ufrf quc sfàfs nldlnlgvàd fgkfr gf Nfsf kc Kcus— (@ [D >?63), c gîl sc plkc ’lbc rcncr slarc lfitfr pîl `dugkl— DI 2?8, nldl du`tls bfzcd nld vlnfauiær`l vuihfr,hrfncols, fgckltfs c ctn. prlnurfgkl ’k`strf`r— fs pcsslfs cd iuhfr kc

prlnifdfr f vcrkfkc`rf dcgsfhcd kl Cvfghciml kc Ocsus Nr`stl.

Nfkf vcz quc l d`g`strl slac fl pÿip`tl, ls limfrcs quc sc imc vlitfd pfssfdcd rcv`stfs, gîl sþ fs sufs pfifvrfs, dfs f suf vlz, c suf cxprcssîl, f sufdlv`dcgtfèîl, gîl b`nfgkl `gk`bcrcgtc tlkl l scu dlkl kc vcst`r.

Nldl l prchfklr à f prþpr`f prchfèîl, cic plkc tlrgfr `gcb`n`cgtc fdcgsfhcd gcic nlgt`kf, sc gîl lascrvfr fihudfs rchrfs c ft`tukcs prþpr`fsquc f àt`nf gls cgs`gf gf nlgkutf kl dcgsfhc`rl gl pÿip`tl, nldl:

f) Urchfr hr`tfgkl l tcdpl tlkl, scd sc fpcrncacr quc cstæ k`fgtc kc udd`nrlblgc:

a) Aftcr l pà gl nmîl nld blrèf rcpct`kfdcgtc c kfr durrls gl pÿip`tl nldcstfrkfimfèl.

n) Hcst`nuifr kcdfs`fkfdcgtc, `gs`gufgkl ås vczcs här`fs lu `dlrfi`kfkcs, cås vczcs puifr, scd sc kfr nlgtf k`ssl: l nlrpl kcvc scr gfturfidcgtc klsfklplr hcstls nlgblrdc f k`gád`nf kl scrdîl:

k) Bfifr kc limls bcnmfkls lu frrchfifkls, acd nldl limfr kc dlkl b`xlpfrf n`df lu pfrf l p`sl nldl sc t`vcssc pcrk`kl fihl, c nld dckl kc



@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf 1>

cgnfrfr l fuk`tþr`l. L ncrtl à quc ls limls kcvcd fnldpfgmfr l quc sc bfif,pl`s ås vczcs bfifd df`s nifrl quc fs pfifvrfs, c foukfd l prchfklr f scgt`rl cbc`tl kf dcgsfhcd:

c) Dlimfr l kckl gf iäghuf pfrf v`rfr fs pæh`gfs gf Aäai`f, lu slprf-ifs nld f

dcsdf b`gfi`kfkc:

b) Nlèfr „ sc kc dlkl `gnlgvcg`cgtc c i`dpfr fs gfr`gfs, qufgkl gl pÿip`tl,lu dcsdl bfzcr nfnlctcs lu t`qucs däd`nls.

h) Bfzcr f ic`turf Aäai`nf quc fgugn`lu c gîl df`s vlitfr f cif:

m) Gîl nlgvcrsfr gl pÿip`tl, scgîl l cstr`tfdcgtc gcncssær`l, c gîlkcspfnmfr l cxpck`cgtc gl mlrær`l kl nuitl:

`) L pfstlr kcvc nmchfr nckl å Nfsf kl ^cgmlr Kcus, plrquc fss`d bfzcgkl,kfræ ald cxcdpil fl rcafgml c gîl nlgtcdpifræ l scdaifgtc kl plvl nlds`gf`s kc `dpfn`ïgn`f c nfgsfèl.

L [QFOC

Qcnlgmcncdls quc pfstlrcs c/lu k`r`hcgtcs kc `hrcofs gîl sîl fstrls kcn`gcdf, quc tcgmfd iuxulsfs rlupfs f b`d kc vcst`-ifs cd nfkf rcug`îl.Ulràd, rcnlgmcncdls quc cic gîl à gcgmud ’nl`tfkl— pfrf tcr kc fgkfrkcspcgtcfkl, afrafkl, rlupf suof lu rfshfkf c kc pàs kcsnfièls.

@gbci`zdcgtc udf hrfgkc df`lr`f kls glssls pfstlrcs c k`r`hcgtcs kc `hrcofsgîl tcd rcnursls b`gfgnc`rls pfrf plssu`r ud r`nl hufrkf-rlupfs.

Dfs, kc blrdf fihudf oust`b`nf quc fgkcd suols c kcsfrrudfkls. Sdf rlupfusfkf, plràd ifvfkf c ACD UF^^FKF (Nfkï fs duimcrcs v`rtulsfs<), nldpócdcimlr qucd f vcstc, kl quc f dcimlr rlupf quc gîl cstcof acd ifvfkf cacd pfssfkf. Rcol pfstlrcs quc, kcpl`s kc ftc 65, 63 fgls kc pfstlrfkl gîlsfacd kfr gþ cd hrfvftf, vcdls mldcgs kc Kcus nld nfd`sfs ftà scdpfssfr c nfièfs nld trïs, quftrl qu`gfs, pfrf vcrhlgmf kc sufs csplsfs.

[cgmf lu gîl tcgmf rlupfs glvfs, l pfstlr lu k`r`hcgtc kcvc sc trfofrnlgk`hgfdcgtc nld suf bugèîl, icdarfgkl-sc scdprc quc cic à l dcimlrnfrtîl kc fprcscgtfèîl kf `hrcof å qufi pfstlrc`f.

Ås vczcs vcdls mldcgs kc Kcus nlda`gfgkl nlrcs cxtrfvfhfgtcs quc df`spfrcncd ærvlrcs kc Gftfi. Rcof faf`xl fihudfs rchrfs aæs`nfs?

[cr sfpftls scdprc iustrfkls:

[cr nfacil scdprc fpfrfkl c pcgtcfkl:



@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf 1;

Bfzcr afraf k`fr`fdcgtc. Nldl ls afracfklrcs kcsnfrtævc`s sîl afrftls,gîl tcd kcsnuipfs pfrf fgkfr afrafkl:

[cr ugmfs scdprc i`dpfs c acd fdpfrfkfs. @dfh`gc ud pfstlr kc ugmfsnrcsn`kfs c suofs, rcpuhgf fs lvcimfs. F `kc`f hcrfi à kc quc f gchi`hcgn`f

bäs`nf fnldpfgmf f gchi`hcgn`f csp`r`tufi:

Nu`kfkl nld ls kcgtcs! Sdf alnf dfi nu`kfkf c kcskcgtfkf à rcpuhgfgtc.Ls kcgtcs sîl du`tl `dplrtfgtcs gf fprcscgtfèîl kc ud mldcd kc Kcus.Gîl csqucèf f csnlvf kc kcgtc: cif à pfrf scr usfkf df`s kc ud f vcz plr k`f.

DFS MÆI@[L - Cv`tfr nldcr fiml c ncalif cd ncrtfs lnfs`ócs à udf lpèîlbfvlrævci f cssc t`pl kc prlaicdf. @dfh`gc, pfstlrcs c k`r`hcgtcs nld dfumæi`tl lrfgkl plr fihuàd `ssl scr`fd mlrrävc`s! ^c l prlaicdf à kccstûdfhl, bfèf ud trftfdcgtl, sc à bfitf kc udf alf m`h`cgc aunfi,

d`scr`nþrk`f!

Nldl vf` prcs`k`r udf rcug`îl, udf bcstf, ud nfsfdcgtl, udf cgtrcv`stf,ud fnlgscimfdcgtl pfstlrfi<

DFS NMC@QL GF^ F]@IF^ „ Ufstlrcs c k`r`hcgtcs uscd ud kcslklrfgtc c, scplssävci usc tfdaàd pcrbudc, gfkf du`tl cxfhcrfkl, `ssl foukfræ f cv`tfrfqucic ’nmc`r`gml— tîl kcsfhrfkævci quc, pr`gn`pfidcgtc cd tcdpl kc nfilrnfusf sulr...

[ldfr afgml udf vcz plr k`f à m`h`ïg`nl c sfukævci!

Nlda`gfr sufs hrfvftfs cd rcifèîl ås rlupfs quc sc usf cd kctcrd`gfkflnfs`îl, icdarfgkl quc f hrfvftf gîl à ud cgbc`tc c s`d ud nldpicdcgtlquc tcd hrfgkc vfilr cstàt`nl cd rcifèîl fl nlgougtl.

I@GHSFHCD

Fprlvc`tfdls pfrf gcssc `tcd, bfifr kls pcnfkls kf iäghuf. [`fhl, `rdîl kcOcsus, uslu prft`nfdcgtc ud nfpätuil `gtc`rl kc suf cpästlif (nfpätuil >)

rcbcrcgtc f cssc fssugtl. K`z quc ’tlkls trlpcèfdls cd du`tfs nl`sfs—. ’^cfihuàd gîl trlpcèf cd pfifvrf, l tfi vfrîl à pcrbc`tl, c plkcrlsl pfrftfdaàd rcbrcfr tlkl l nlrpl—. ([H >?1).

Rcofdls ls trlpcèls cd quc l pfstlr plkc `gnlrrcr fl ilghl kc scud`g`stàr`l, ftrfvàs kf i`ghufhcd bfifkf:

NLGRCQ^FÈÎL [LQUC

À kf faugkágn`f kl nlrfèîl quc f alnf bfif, IN 2?;3: D[ 63?6=. F bfif à fbfnuikfkc quc k`st`ghuc ls mldcgs kls fg`df`s: à l s`gfi kc suf

pcrslgfi`kfkc.




L nfrætcr kc udf pcsslf à rcvcifkl pcif dfgc`rf kc bfifr c sc cxprcssfr. Ulr`ssl, Ufuil bfif cd NI >?= „ ’... kcsplof`-vls... kfs pfifvrfs tlrpcs kf vlssfalnf—. Cstfvf sc rcbcr`gkl å i`ghufhcd lasncgf kl bfifr, kl fausl kf alnfsuof, pl`s l tcrdl hrchl ’F@^NMQL^— s`hg`b`nf BC@L, RCQHLGML^L, R@I,

FR@I[FG[C, c rctàd f `kc`f tfgtl kc prlbfgfèîl nldl f kc lasncg`kfkc,ougtfdcgtc nld f `kc`f kc fausl. Cic f`gkf nlgkcgf vccdcgtcdcgtc cssfpræt`nf, quc à lplstf å sfgt`kfkc nr`stî, k`zcgkl quc, f gîl scr f quc blr aldpfrf prldlvcr f ck`b`nfèîl, gcgmudf pfifvrf kcvc sf`r kc glssf alnf: Gcd:prlst`tu`èîl (prlbfgfèîl, fvìtfdcgtl): `dpurczf lu fvfrczf (dcsqu`gmcz,cshfgfèîl): tlrpczfs (prlnck`dcgtl `hgþaì, `dpuk`nän`f): pfrvläncs(tli`ncs): nmlnfrr`ncs (hrfncol ftrcv`kl).

Dfs, fgtcs fèócs kc hrfèfs. Ul`s à, pfstlrcs c k`r`hcgtcs kcvcd bfzcr usl kfbfif nld fèócs kc hrfèf, fprlpr`fgkl-sc kcssf bfnuikfkc, c acgk`zcr c iluvfr

f Kcus, scdprc ck`b`nfgkl. Gcd `dfh`gfdls pfstlrcs bfzcgkl pfrtc kc rlkfskc csnfrgcncklrcs, pl`s D[ 61?>2 ls nlgkcgf. L tcrdl tlrpc tfdaàds`hg`b`nf ’plarc—, ’kcnfkcgtc—, ’dfu lu nlrruptl—, ’`dlrfi— c utì`zfr tfii`ghufhcd fnlstudfræ l d`g`strl f gîl kfr luv`kls f Kcus, ’[FI NLDL L^@DU@L^ [CDCD BF_Ï-IL—.

Urlnckcgkl fss`d tïd icvfkls du`tls, fl kcsnràk`tl, pcrkf tltfi kcfutlr`kfkc csp`r`tufi c kc ugèîl, tlrgfgkl sufs pfifvrfs nldl l s`gl quct`g` c, icvfkfs pcil vcgtl.

]. L Nuitl gf @hrcof

KCB@G@ÈÓC^ KC NSI[L

F. K`n`lgær`l?

Mldcgfhcd f udf k`v`gkfkc: fklrfèîl: vcgcrfèîl (pcqucgl k`n`lgær`larfsìc`rl kf iäghuf plrtuhucsf 0¿ ck`èîl ck`tlrf N`vì`zfèîl arfsìc`rf).

A. K`vcrsls futlrcs?

6. Nlgougtl kc Dfg`bcstfèîl kc ftls kc fklrfèîl:

1. F df`s cicvfkf mldcgfhcd quc sc prcstf f udf k`v`gkfkc, `stl à,fklrfèîl gf df`s rcstr`tf fncpèîl kl tcrdl:

>. À udf scr`c kc fèócs, lu scof, ftls nlgouhfkls prft`nfkls pcil fklrfklr.Cstcs ftls cd nlgougtl sîl l quc blrdf l nuitl.

;. L nuitl à f rcsplstf kl mldcd å rcvcifèîl kc Kcus.

3. L nuitl à mlgrf, rcvcrcgn`f c iluvlr quc f nr`fturf kck`nf å K`v`gkfkc.




NLDCG[ÆQ@L @G@N@FI

L nuitl à tîl fgt`hl nldl l mldcd. Oæ crf prft`nfkl gl Àkcg, pl`s vcdlsNf`d c Faci prft`nfgkl-l: Nf`d, r`tufi`stf, m`pþnr`tf, à fklrfklr plr dcrfblrdfi`kfkc: Faci præt`nl, s`gncrl c nuitufgkl kc nlrfèîl.

L i`vrl kc @sf`fs bfif kl nuitl blrdfi`stf kfqucics quc l fklrfvfd f Kcus sþkc iæa`ls. F duimcr sfdfr`tfgf `dfh`gfvf ud ilnfi ÿg`nl lgkc sc kcv`ffklrfr f Kcus.

Ftc mloc du`tls cstîl prcsls f iuhfrcs, dfrnfs c nlstudcs c trfk`èócs, dfs, l Fitäss`dl à `dcgsurævci, gîl tcd brlgtc`rfs, gîl fnc`tf l nuitl ’cgiftfkl—.

Ulkc-sc nuitufr f Kcus gl bugkl kl dfr, gf df`s fitf dlgtfgmf, gl vfic df`sprlbugkl, gfs gfvcs cspfn`f`s lu cd lutrl pifgctf. Cd OL ;?1> Ocsus bfif qucls vcrkfkc`rls fklrfklrcs fklrfrîl l Uf` ’cd cspär`tl cd vcrkfkc—.

Mluvc `gbci`zdcgtc, udf kchcgcrfèîl gl nuitl c cx`stcd pcsslfs qucprcstfd ’nuitls fls fgols—. (NI 1?6=) c ftà nuitl f kcdûg`ls. L fplstlil Ufuilnmfdf kc NSI[L QFN@LGFI, f fprcscgtfèîl kc glssls ’nlrpls cd sfnr`bän`lv`vl, sfgtl c fhrfkævci f Kcus— (QD 61?6).

Cxpi`nfgkl cssc vcrsänuil:

F pfrt`r kl nfpätuil 61, ftà l b`d, l fplstlil Ufuil sc prclnupf cd qufgklUfuil bfif cd ’fprcscgtc`s—, plkc scr trfkuz`kf tfdaàd plr ’lbcrcncr—. Nuitlrfn`lgfi prlvfvcidcgtc sc trftf kc ’nuitl csp`r`tufi—. Cd nlgtrfstc nldlblrdfi`sdl cx`stcgtc gl tcdpil kc Ocrusfiàd.

L^ NSI[L^ MLOC

Ls cicdcgtls kl nuitl cvfghài`nl kls k`fs ftuf`s sîl?

- M`gls (iluvlrcs)

- Ic`turf Aäai`nf

- Lrfèîl

- Nlgtràu`èîl

- Urchfèîl

- Aïgèîl Fplstþi`nf




M@GL^ -F bugèîl kf dÿs`nf gf `hrcof à prcpfrfr l plvl pfrf rcncacr fplkcrlsf pfifvrf kc Kcus. Ls m`gls kîl v`tfi`kfkc fl nuitl, pl`s ftrfvàskcics l fklrfklr cxtrfvfsf scus scgt`dcgtls kc iluvlr hrft`kîl f Kcus.

K`z-sc quc ls nr`stîls pr`d`t`vls nfgtfvfd du`tl, mcrfgèf rcnca`kf kls

oukcus, Uiäg`l, csnrcvcgkl fl `dpcrfklr slarc l nuitl kls nr`stîls, k`z`f?’Cics cstîl scdprc nfgtfgkl—. Ls ^fidls sîl l df`s dfrfvìmlsl m`gær`l kctlkls ls tcdpls.

F IC@[SQF KF UFIFRQF-F ic`turf kfs csnr`turfs kcvc lnupfr ud iuhfr kckcstfquc gl nuitl pÿai`nl. À nifrl quc tlkls ls nr`stîls kcvcd plrtfr sufsaäai`fs, pfrf fnldpfgmfdcgtl kf ic`turf, nr`stîl scd aäai`f à slikfklkcsfrdfkl: À bfitf kc tcstcdugml, bfitf kc nlrfhcd kc scr nlgbugk`kl lu`kcgt`b`nfkl nldl scgkl ’ud kls tf`s—, lu scof, ’ud nrcgt c—.

Glssfs `hrcofs bfzcd glrdfidcgtc ic`turfs rcsplgs`vfs, lu scof, ud ic`tlr glnfsl, l k`r`hcgtc kl nuitl iï ud vcrsänuil c l plvl rcsplgkc nld lutrl, ftà lb`d kl nfp`tuil lu kl tcxtl csnlim`kl.

L sfid`stf kcnifrf? ’lm! Vufgtl fdl f tuf ic`! Cif à f d`gmf dck`tfèîl l k`ftlkl—.

F LQFÈÎL-F lrfèîl à ud kls pr`gn`pf`s c `gk`spcgsævc`s cicdcgtls kl nuitlf Kcus. À l dldcgtl cd quc f fidf sc kcsnlarc pcrfgtc l nr`fklr c `gvlnf -imc fs sufs aïgèîls. Lrfr à cgtrfr cd nlgtftl nld l ^cgmlr luv`gkl-imc fs

rcprccgsócs, scus nu`kfkls, scu fdlr, cxplr-imc glssls fpcils c rcncacrKcic fs aïgèîls. Lrfèîl gîl à ud k`snursl, nldl bfz`f ls bfr`scus: gîl à udfrczf nldl du`tls bfzcd, gîl à nldl ud k`snl, quc rcpctc f dcsdf dus`nfvær`fs c vær`fs vczcs, lrfèîl gîl à dcdlr`zfèîl. F lrfèîl quc sf` kf alnf,scd quc l nlrfèîl f k`rcn`lgc, à nldl udf sctf quc sf` cd fivl crrfkl.

NLG[Q@AS@ÈÎL-Sd nuitl scd lbcrtfs, käz`dls à fgt`-aäai`nl, pl`s ls dcsdlsrcprcscgtfd f cxprcssîl kc hrft`kîl kl nuitufklr. F nlgtràu`èîl gl nuitl àaäai`nf, ic`f DN 61?;6-;;, l käz`dl kcvc scr cgtrchuc å `hrcof, (f nfsf kl

tcslurl fb`d kc quc mfof dfgt`dcgtl f cif DI >?65). Fiàd kc acgcb`n`fr flnlrpl kc Nr`stl gud tlkl, l käz`dl acgcb`n`f glssfs v`kfs, pl`s à ud schrcklcsp`r`tufi (Ulr vlssf nfusf rcprccgkcrc` l kcvlrfklr, pfrf quc gîl vlsnlgsudf l brutl kf tcrrf: f vlssf v`kc gl nfdpl gîl scræ cstàrì, k`z l^CGMLQ kls Cxàrn`tls DI >?66), lu scof, kcv`kl f suf ft`tukc, Kcusrcprccgkc f ftufèîl kc rlual cd suf v`kf.

F UQCHFÈÎL KF UFIFRQF-À f pfrtc ncgtrfi kl nuitl. L prchfklr à ltrfgsd`sslr kfs vcrkfkcs kl ctcrgl Kcus. Ufrf l pfstlr, f prchfèîl kcvclnupfr l iuhfr suprcdl kf suf v`kf, kls scus prlpþs`tls kls scus `gtcrcsscs,

kfs sufs lnupfèócs, kls scus cstukls c csblrèls. [ukl quc cstæ i`hfkl å suf,suadctc-sc å suf bugèîl kc prchfr. ^c b`zcr kl d`g`stàr`l kc prchfr, ud



@gst`tutl Aäai`nl Qcstfurfr-K`rctlr Hìacrtl ̂ luzf Uæh`gf 1=

nfdpl kc `gtr`hfs, cxpilrfèócs, vfgtfhcgs b`gfgnc`rfs c sln`f`s, suf quckfscræ `gcv`tævci c bftfi, suf larf scræ `gÿtì c prcouk`n`fi f Nr`stl c suf nfusf.

Fb`gfi, f prchfèîl rcvcif l prlpþs`tl kc Kcus fls mldcgs, trfgsd`tc hrfèf,sfacklr`f, plkcr c v`kf. Vufgkl f prchfèîl k`d`gu`, l plvl pcrcnc, plr bfitfkc v`sîl c kl nlgmcn`dcgtl kc Kcus: qufgkl f prchfèîl kcsfpfrcnc, fstrcvfs nlarcd ls nlrfèócs c fs fidfs sc pcrkcd. F nfusf kc Nr`stl glstcdpls fplstþi`nl sc cxpfgkù pcif prchfèîl kf pfifvrf kc Kcus. Cspcrl qucmloc cstcof sc cxpfgk`gkl pcifs d`gmf c suf prchfèîl!

F ACGÈÎL FUL^[ÞI@NF- F aïgèîl fplstþi`nf, fl tàrd`gl kc nfkf lb`n`lsfhrfkl, à udf præt`nf oæ nlgsfhrfkf cgtrc gþs. F acgèîl fplstþi`nf crfnldud gl F.[., nlgblrdc GD 2?1;-12. GD 2?1;-12 ’L ^cgmlr tc facgèlc c tc

hufrkc, l ^cgmlr bfèf rcspifgkcncr l rlstl slarc t` c tcgmf d`scr`nþrk`f kct`, l ^cgmlr slarc t` icvfgtc tcu rlstl c tc kï pfz—. Dfs f acgèîl usfkf à f qucsc cgnlgtrf cd @@ NL 6>?6>. Glrdfidcgtc, bfzcdls fss`d? l d`g`strllb`n`fgtc, fl b`gfi kl nuitl, icvfgtf fs dîls slarc l fuk`tþr`l c prlbcrc facgèîl nld slicg`kfkc. ’F hrfèf kc glssl ^cgmlr Ocsus Nr`stl, l fdlr kcKcus glssl Uf` c fs nlgslifèócs kl Cspär`tl ^fgtl scofd nld tlkls kcskcfhlrf c pfrf scdprc. Fdàd—. Cd fihudfs `hrcofs, f aïgèîl fplstþi`nf cnfgtfkf.

]@. L Ufstlr c f Lrhfg`zfèîl kf @hrcof / D`g`stàr`lsGf prft`nf pfstlrfi l pfstlr gîl à l bfz tukl. Fnrck`tl quc oæ b`nlu nifrl quc ld`g`stàr`l pfstlrfi à l d`g`stàr`l kf pfifvrf. Vufgkl lutrfs nl`sfsftrfpfimfd l pfstlr kc prcpfrfr scrdócs, fnlgscimfr, lr`cgtfr fs lvcimfs kcfnlrkl nld f Aäai`f, kcvc-sc rcslivcr rfp`kfdcgtc pfrf quc l arìml kld`g`stàr`l gîl sc fpfhuc.

^cgkl fss`d, l pfstlr kcvc kcichfr ft`v`kfkcs fls dcdarls, fnldpfgmæ-ilsgf cxcnuèîl, icdarc-sc, fnldpfgmfr s`hg`b`nf cxpi`nfr nldl bfzcr, nlgvcrsfr

pfrf sfacr sc tukl cst`vcr nlrrcgkl acd. Du`tls pfstlrcs fnmfd quc sþ vf`sf`r acd bc`tl sc cic b`zcr, `stl, gîl à vcrkfkc`rl, lutrfs pcsslfs bfrîl cnldctcrîl crrls c fncrtls, nfac f gþs pfstlrcs fkd`g`strfr, lrhfg`zfr.

Sdf `hrcof lrhfg`zfkf bugn`lgf nld ls d`g`stàr`ls quc tcd. Gîl quc`rfnlilnfr udf pcsslf pfrf bfzcr ud dlgtc kc nl`sf. Fss`d nldl vlnï gîl kcvcsc fnuduifr kc ft`v`kfkcs, scus i`kcrfkls tfdaàd gîl cgtîl sc tïd kufsft`v`kfkcs f scrcd bc`tfs, bfèf udf kc nfkf vcz. ^chuc fihudfs lr`cgtfèócs`dplrtfgtcs?

[rc`gc kc plunl cd plunl. Ausquc ud nrcsn`dcgtl nld qufi`kfkc.




^c gîl tcd qucd ftuf gfqucic d`g`stàr`l, trc`gc fihuàd pfrf fqucifbugèîl.

Gf qucstîl fkd`g`strft`vf? Urlnurc pcsslfs kf `hrcof quc tc foukc fbfzcr ftfs c cstftäst`nfs, lrhfg`zfr i`vrls kc rli pcrdfgcgtc, rli kls

dcdarls ft`vls. Gîl sc bfk`huc nld qucstócs fkd`g`strft`vfs, l tcslurc`rl, fsscsslr

kc b`gfgèfs, kcvcd scr pcsslfs kc nlgb`fgèf, nld ald tcstcdugml.Cstfs pcsslfs l foukfrîl c du`tl, scgkl cifs acd trc`gfkfs.

Qcug`ócs kc i`kcrfgèf kcvcd scr acd laoct`vfs c nld brcquïgn`f.

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A@AI@LHQFB@F?

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Kcus c kf ^ln`ckfkc. Q`l kc Ofgc`rl? NUFK, 60==.

[SQGCQ, Klgfik [. F Uræt`nf kl Ufstlrfkl. ^îl Ufuil? @AQ, 60=0.

UC[CQ^LG, Cuhcgc. Sd Ufstlr ^chugkl l Nlrfèîl kc Kcus. Q`l kc Ofgc`rl?[cxtus, 1555.

DCGKC^, Olsà Kcgcvfi. [clilh`f Ufstlrfi. Q`l kc Ofgc`rl? NUFK, 60==.



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Ministério Pastoral Hoje