O exílio de Marcial - Robson Cesila 2011

7/25/2019 O exlio de Marcial - Robson Cesila 2011

1/22

Calope 18, 2008, Rio de Janeiro: pp. 105-126 105

O EXLIO DE MARCIAL: UMA LEITURAINTERTEXTUAL DO LIVRO 3 DOS EPIGRAMASRobson Tadeu Cesila

RESUMO

!"#$#%'(#) %#($# +"$,-.) /.($"+" 0./. +( +12(3#( 4( .5"+( .6,&,+%+( #781,. 9"#(#%$#( %.( #9,-"+/+( ,%,0,+,( &. 1,6". : ;+"0,+1 &?@?A0.%$",52#/ 9+"+ #%",B2#0#" + 1#,$2"+ ((#( #9,-"+/+() 0.%($"2,%&. 9+'"+ . #9,-"+/+$,($+ 2/+ ,/+-#/ C9.#$+ #7,1+&.D 5+(#+&+ %+B2#1+ B2#

E68&,. 0.%($"F, 9+"+ (, %.( !"#$%# %+('(#$%)*&++, ./0%/?!"#"$%"&'()"$*+ ;+"0,+1G #9,-"+/+G ,%$#"$#7$2+1,&+G E68&,.G 9.#(,+ #781,.?

H 5,.-"+!+ &. 9.#$+ ;+"0,+1


2/22

106 Calope 18, 2008, Rio de Janeiro: pp. 105-126

: # Ke) 0./. 2/ #7,1+&.) $+1 B2+1 . E68&,. &+( .5"+( 0,$+&+(?:c"+$+'(#)#6,%$#/#%$#) 2/+ ,/+-#/ $#7$2+1) 9+$#%$# (.5"#$2&. %.( #9,-"+/+(

,%,0,+,( &.( &.,( 1,6".( # (#/ + Q%i+(# # + C&"+/+$,0,&+D) 0./. (# 6#"V)&+( .5"+( #781,. .6,&,+%+(? ;#(/. 9."B2# . #781,. ;+"0,+1 = C#78'1,.D) = 2/+ !-2"+) 5+(#+&+ %. (,/91#( i+$. B2# . 9.#$+ #($V #/ $#""+C#($"+%-#,"+D #/ "#1+dh. + N./+G ;+"0,+1 %2%0+ i., #7,1+&.) +. 0.%$"V'",. E68&,.) 02j. #781,. = (#/ &g6,&+ 2/ i+$. "#+1) +,%&+ B2# .( !"#$3%# +('(#$%)*&+ +, ./0%/(#j+/ 0.%($"2$.((/4%#5/$# + /+,." 9+"$# (2+( ,%i."/+d3#( +) 9."$+%$.) (#" 1,&+ 0./. $+1) .2 (#j+) +9#%+( 0./.C6#"&+D 9.=$,0+?

f+&. . #(9+d. 1,/,$+&. B2# +B2, &,(9.%O.) (#"V (#%6.16,&+)%#($# $"+5+1O.) +9#%+( + 1#,$2"+ ,%$#"$#7$2+1M&. 1,6". : &.('(#6"&7&$)!0+%&. + &. 1,6". Ke "#(#"6+&+ + 2/ +"$,-. i2$2".?k

@./. +&6#"$# [211,6+%


3/22


"./+%.() 0./. . 1.0+1 .% O+6,+/ (+8&. .( J %+ F$,0+ "./+%+ J 5V"'5+".( B2# 0O#-+"+/ + (+B2#+") #/ 0#"0+ :IS &?@?) + 0,&+ N./+?

E( $#7$.( ;+"0,+1 B2# 6+/.( #7+/,%+" 9+"#0#/ +((2/," #((+ ,&=,+ / C9+((+&. 5V"5+".D 9+"+ + "#-,h.) . B2# i+6."#0# . 0.%i".%$. 9.=$,0.0./ + c./.( 9+"+ + B2+1 E68&,. i."+ /+%&+&. #/ #781,.?

H((,/) #7+/,%+"#, B2+$". &.( 0,%0. #9,-"+/+( ,%,0,+,( &. 1,6".` K)e) M # k? @./. (# 6Q) +( +12(3#( B2# $"+$+"#, .0.""#/ %.( 9.#/+( +5#"$2"+) 1.0+,( /+"0+&.() /+,." 6,(,5,1,&+ %.( 1,6".(? W /2,$.( &.(

9.#/+( +12&,&.( (h.) $+/5=/ #1#() +5#"$2"+`./0%9 K?K) !"9 K?K # :?K?@./. .5(#"6.2 @.%$#


4/22


E( 9",/#,".( 8%&,0#( ,%$#"$#7$2+,( (h. + 9"F9",+ 9.(,dh. &.( 9.#/+(%+ +5#"$2"+ &.( 1,6".() . i+$. B2# $+,( 9.#/+( #($h. &,0+%&. 1,6".(

# . 2(. &. /#(/. /#$".


5/22


^F( %h. . (#j+,() /+( $+/5=/ %h. 9.,( 9".,5,'1.) # + 6F() 0.%$"+",+&.() + /,%O+ ;2(+ 0O#-+ &,1,-#%$#? eL[#j+ ,($. . B2# i.") j2%$+ +.( /#2(` %+&+ 6#&+) +.( !1O.(

2/ #7,1+&.) i"2," &+ \"5#) (# +( 1#,( "#(9#,$+/?

H9#(+" &. $8$21.'(#$%)*&+ +, ./0%/%h. $"+%(/,$," + /#(/+ $",($#m+&. $8$21. &.( !"#$%#&) . $#/+ = . /#(/.) &,m E68&,.) # . 0.%$#g&. = $h.$",($# B2+%$. . ($+ g1$,/+? H &,i#"#%d+ = B2# +-."+) 9+"+ . (0.%$#%'$+/#%$. &.( ($,%+$V",.(


6/22


W/ ;+"0,+1) = + 9"F9",+ XV1,+ c.-+$+ B2#/) 91+-+( 1.%-8%B2+(


7/22


!"+ B2#/ B2#"#( (#") 1,6",%O.) 2/ 9"#(#%$#oH9"#((+'$# + .5$#" 9"+ $, 2/ 9+&",%O.).2) 0#&. +"".j+&. 4 #(02"+ 0.m,%O+)

g/,&+ +,%&+ + i.1O+) #/5"21O. +$2%((#"V() .2 ,%0#%(. # 989#" 0+"$20O.?T.-#( +. (#,. T+2($,%.) #(9#"$.o!+((#+" #%$h. 9.() -"+((. 0#&".)0./ +( &2+( i".%$#() 5#1.) +&."%+&+()0.1.",&.( #7,5,%&. .( 0,1,%&".(G,0+&+ #%$h. "#025"+'$# + 9g"92"+# #%"25#(d+ #/ -"h) (.5#"5.) . $#2 $8$21.?@./ #((# 9".$#$.") %h. $#/+( %#/ !".5.p

&'%

-.-.-'-/.&")+ V 0+5 #0)#2+/ V $#0+ 7+D *#8+"D #8#$ #0 R"8+7B'# 7#C#W @)/ 2/7#0/ 0/0 *#5+% #"+ %)/9R&2+D $+2 #05)*%)$D @)&*+7 2+5+% +,$)*#$ +$$+Q

K0;+*#,D C&8#%)7 %+7(/"#$ C)#)$ C&8+WF+5 %+ ()"()"+/ )+*+0% )&55#0#& ;)5/ V EF/0 +$% 5/0)+0#+0$ *)5%#8)$ #**+ 5/*/" VF+5 %#%)*)$ 7#0#/D 0+5 5+2"/ 5C&"%& 0/%+%)"Q1&02#2& 0+5 0#6"& 5/"0)& ;"/0%+ 6+"&$W

T+*#5+$ /"0+0% C&+5 #0$%")7+0%& *#8+**/$BT/"%)0&+ 7+7/"+7 %+ 2+5+% +$$+ 7+&+9 LO

F+5 ;"&6#*# 6+7#0&+ (/*#&0%)" ()7#5+ ;"/0%+$D?#"$)%)$ $(&"$#$ )% )#2+&"+ 5/7#$9F+)+ *#%)"&")7 ()2+&%W @)# )#2+"#% #**&$DX+ *&5"#7#$ ;&5%&$ $+0%#+% +$$+ 7+#$9

q /#2 9#B2#%. 1,6". J # %h. ,%6#j. J ,"V( + N./+ (#/ /,/`H.%) +, /,/p) + $#2 (#%O." %h. = 9#"/,$,&. ,"?

+,) /+( (#/ ."%+$.( 0./. 0.%6=/ (#" . 2/ #7,1+&.?>%i#1,m) #7,5# . +(9#0$. ($+ 9"#(#%$# (,$2+dh.?

R#/ +( 6,.1#$+( ".7+( $# 025"+/ 9g"92"+ J kRh. 0./5,%+ 0./ 12$.( $+1 0." J

R#/ . $8$21. 6#"/#1O. (#j+ +&."%+&. %#/ 0#&".) . 9+9#1)R#/ 1#6#( 0."%.( 5"+%0.( 0./ 2/+ i".%$# %#-"+pr2# #((#( ."%+$.( #/5#1#m#/ 1,6".( +1#-"#(`H $,) 0.%6=/ + 1#/5"+%d+ &+ /,%O+ (."$#? KL

R#/ +( &2+( i".%$#( (#j+/ 9.1,&+( 9#1+ i"V-,1 9#&"+'9./#()!+"+ B2# $# 6#j+/ O,"(2$.) 0+5#1.( (+1,%O+&.(?W %h. $#%O+( 6#"-.%O+ &.( 5.""3#(p r2#/ .( 6,")!#"0#5#"V (#"#/ i#,$.( 9." /,%O+( 1V-",/+(?KM


8/22


H (0",dh. /+$#",+1 &. 1,6". ;+"0,+1) B2# 0./9"##% .( 6#"'(.( S'KK :?e) "#$./.2) (#/ &g6,&+) #1#/#%$.( i."/+,( ((# $"#0O.

E68&,.? W/ :?e?KL) %+ ()"()"&999 )+*+%#6.0+ . %+ ()"()"+/ )+*+0%&.6#"(. k E68&,.) #/5."+) #/ ;+"0,+1) +()"()"&(#j+ . (2j#,$. &. 6#"5.)+*+%) B2# #($V) 9."$+%$.) %. (,%-21+") #%B2+%$. B2#) #/ E68&,.)()"()"+/(#j+ +&j#$,6. B2# B2+1,!0+;)5/


9/22


$"#/,&+( &. ".1. 0./ 9#&"+'9./#(? R.$#'(#) +/+,() B2#) +9#(+" . (25($+%$,6.;"/0$.029+" 1.0+,( &,i#"#%$#( %.( 6#"(.( &.( &.,( +2$."#()

6)

7"

0!

#6)

7"

0*

+#($h. %.( /#(/.( 9=( 9.=$,0.() /#(/. 0./ + &,i#"#%'d+ &.( #(B2#/+( /=$",0.(` +( &2+( 9",/#,"+( (81+5+() 5"#6#() 0./93#/ 2/&V$,1. %. (#-2%&. 9=) # + (81+5+ !%+1) 1.%-+) ,%,0,+ . $#"0#,". 9=


10/22


9".,5,&. ,"? W) (# E68&,. %#-+"+ + (#2( 1,6",%O.( /#(/. .( $"+$+/#%$.(0./2%( # $",6,+,( B2# #"+/ &+&.( + $.&.( .( 1,6".(


11/22


^#j+/.( +-."+ . #9,-"+/+ :?M) #/ B2#) 0./. jV +9.%$.2 v,%-#"1#


12/22


W #%$h. $2) (,1#%0,.(. J # 1#" B2#/ 9".02"+ (+5#" /+,( JH0+2$#1+'$# i+1+" 0+(2+1/#%$# . B2# %h. = %#0#((V",.p>/#&,+$+/#%$#) +&6#"$,&.) . 1#,$." "#0."&+"V /#2( 0",/#(

W (#"#, 0.%%+&. 0./. "=2 9g51,0. 9#1+ 5.0+ &. 9.6.?eM

E 1,6". E68&,. "#0#5# + ,%02/5Q%0,+ ," + N./+ (+2&+" .( 1.'0+,( B2# (h. 0+".( + (#2 +2$."


13/22


;+"0,+1 2(+) 9.,() &2+( 6#m#() + #($"2$2"+ ,%,0,+&+ 9."$#


14/22


&'%2.3.-'-4

R&2+ $&*)%&%)7D $)8#%/ (+"&"&%&D .+"#**&7]#%%+"&D $+"7/0#$!2& 7#0#$%"& 7+#W

J)% #**&7 #0)+0#+$ 2)*5# 5)7 7&%"+ $+2+0%+7J)% #0%+" *#8"/$ .#+"#2&$@)+ $)&$9P)#5@)#2 &6+%D 5)7 %+ $5#+"#% )+0#$$+D "+*#0@)+%D E

F+5 7/"&D @)#2 )+0#&$ @)#2)+D "+@)#"+%D &6&79R#)+"+ 7+ 2#5+$D $+2 $#5 )% )#)+"+ 0/*#7D

F+5 7&*& %&7 */06& 0/$%"& *+)&%& 7/"&'% %&7+0 &2 M)$&$D @)&7)#$ 0/5)+"+D "+)+"%#J(%&@)+ #0 &*%+"0/$ 5/6+"+ )+"8& (+2+$9 LO

+, (+2&+") 0+"$+ #(0",$+ 4( 9"#((+() !#",1+)@g/91,0# !#1 /,%O+( 9+1+6"+(pE2 + #%0.%$"+"V( j2%$. 4 &.0# /h# (#%$+&+E2 #%$"# .( 1,6".( # (2+( !,=",(?E B2# #($#j+ i+m#%&.) +. (+5#" (2+ 6,%&+) ,7+"V k[#/ /."+) 9." B2# 6#%( .2 B2# i+d. 9#"-2%$+"V?f,"V( B2# 6,6.) /+( B2# +((,/ 9"#i#",",+ %h. 6,6#")r2# 1.%-. #(9+d. $#/9. /#2( /+1#( %h. "#/#&,.2)W B2# 4( ;2(+() #/5."+ /# $#%O+/ 9"#j2&,0+&.) 6.1$#,'/#W +B2+&+( 9+1+6"+( "#g%. #/ 9=( +1$#"%+&.(?:e KL

E68&,. /+%&+ (2+ 0+"$+'9.#/+ ," (+2&+" !#",1+) B2# (#",+ (2+ #%$#'+&+) !1O+ TV5,+) + $#"0#,"+ /21O#" &. 9.#$+?::H( 9#"-2%$+( B2# + j.'6#/ i+"V 4 0+"$+ # + "#(9.($+ B2# #($+ # &+" (h. 9+"#0,&+( 0./ +( !"9K?K?KI'eL) /.%($"+%&. . j.-. ,%$"+$#7$2+1 B2# "#1+0,.%+ +( &2+( #1#-,+(.6,&,+%+(? @.%(#Bl#%$#/#%$#) . #9,-"+/+ :?M ;+"0,+1 $+/5=/ 9.(#" 1,&. ,%$#"$#7$2+1/#%$# #/ 0.%i".%$. 0./ #($+ #1#-,+ &. 1,6". :) 0./0.%012(3#( 9+"#0,&+( 0./ +B2#1+( 4( B2+,( (# 0O#-.2 9+"+ !"9K?K?

W/ 9",/#,". 12-+") $#/'(#) $+%$. #/ ;+"0,+1 :?M B2+%$. #/ !"9:?S)+ #($"2$2"+ &,(02"(,6+ ("/(+7(%#^


15/22


(.5"# . ,%$#"1.02$."


16/22


)#2+"#$D C/5 2#5+$ ZM&"5)$ C&)+"+ #)8+%[D LO+% $&%#$ +$%9 J*#/$ 5/77+02+% +(#$%/*&B (+55&%@)# 5/77+02&02)7 $+ ()%&% +$$+ $)#$9

r2#"#() 1,6",%O.) $2 B2# + N./+ ,"V( (#/ /,/)B2# + /2,$.( "#0./#%'$#o \/ %h. 5+($+oY+($+ 2/) B2# %h. 6#"V #/ $, 2/ i."+($#,".)wg1,.) %./# i"#Bl#%$# #/ /,%O+ 5.0+?Y2(0+'. 1.-.) %. ,%80,. &+ "2+ @.5#"$+G k.% fVi%,( /.".2) /."+ #1# +-."+?\/+ #(9.(+ #1# $#/) B2# #/ (2+( /h.( # #/ (#2 (#,.$# +0.1O#"V() +,%&+ B2# #/9.#,"+&.?r2#" 6#j+( +/5.() B2#" #1+ .2 #1# 9",/#,".)&,m#` C;+"0. /# /+%&+ 6," (+2&+"'6.(D) KL# = (F? r2# .( .2$".( 2/+ 0+"$+ "#0./#%`= 2/ #"". +0O+" B2# #7,-#/ ,((. +/,-.(?

f# $#""+( #($"+%-#,"+() ;+"0,+1 #%6,+ (#2 1,6",%O. + N./+ # 1O# -+'"+%$# B2# 2/ (F 9".$#$." 1O# (#"V) 1V) (2!0,#%$#


17/22


R.( 6#"(.( k'P &. #9,-"+/+) ;+"0,+1 ,%&,0+ +. 1,6". 0./. #%0.%$"+"+ 0+(+ &. +/,-. # 9".$#$.") B2#!0+ %. ,%80,. &+ "2+ @.5#"$+:_# 9#"$#%0#"+

.2$"."+ + 2/ 0#"$. fVi%,(? c"+$+'(# 9".0#&,/#%$. 0./2/) #/ #9,-"+'/+( &. $,9. B2# #($.2 +%+1,(+%&.) #/ B2# ;+"0,+1 #%6,+ +1-2=/) #/ (#212-+") 4 0+(+ 2/ +/,-. .2 9+$".%.) . i."%#0,/#%$. ,%i."/+d3#( (.'

5"# 0./. 0O#-+" +$= . ($,%. 9"#$#%&,&.? [h.) #/ -#"+1) ,%($"2d3#( "#91#'$+( ,%i."/+d3#( $.9.-"V!0+( (.5"# + N./+ ,/9#",+1?MLc+1 9".0#&,/#%'$. $+/5=/ 9. (#" #%0.%$"+&. #/ #1#-,+( E68&,.) 0./. #/ !"9K?K #./0%9M?k?MKH9#(+" O+6#") %. #9,-"+/+ :?k) +9#%+( &.,( 6#"(.( ,%('$"2d3#( $"+j#$. J #/ "#1+dh. 4 "2+ # 4 0+(+ #/ B2# wg1,. ;+"0,+1 O+5,$+

J) 9+"#0# B2# #($+/.( &,+%$# (2$,( +12(3#( + #((+( #1#-,+(?#j+/.(? W/ !"9K?K) .,( 6V",+( +&6#"$Q%0,+( + (#2 1,6". (.5"#

0./. +-," +. 0O#-+" + N./+) E68&,. i+m + (#-2,%$# (29.(,dh.`

&'%-.-.56'34

T/"$#%&0 +,(+5%+$D &0 #0 &*%& (&*&%#& 7#$$)7G5&02+"+ %+ #)8+&7 1&+$&"+&7@)+ 2/7)7S

c+16#m #(9#"#( B2# #2 $# ."%#[25," +. +1$. &. !+1+$,%. # 0+(+ @=(+"oMe

[#-2#'(# 2/+ (=",# 0./9+"+d3#( # "#i#"Q%0,+( /,$.1F-,0+( 9+"+j2($,!0+" . "#0#,. B2# $#/ . 9.#$+ #%6,+" . 1,6". + #((# 12-+") i.%$# #

.",-#/ $.&.( .( (#2( /+1#(? ;+( E68&,. $#"/,%+ 9." +0.1O#" $+1 ,&=,+)jV B2# (./#%$# B2#/ . i#",2


18/22


$."%+" 0Z%(21) 9#1. +9.,. B2# #1# "+ +. 9.#$+ %+ 6,+-#/ #/9"##%&,&++$= . #781,.?M:;+"0,+1) #/ :?k) ,/,$+) /+,( 2/+ 6#m) #((+ #($"2$2"+ ("/3

(+7(%#^@{W]) K_Ie) 9? PLL?ef+$+ ,%i#",&+ + 9+"$," &+ 0+"$+ !18%,.


19/22


#"+ #79+$",+&. /+( %h. 9#"&,+ (#2( 5#%(? E68&,.) 9."=/) 2(+ /+,( i"#Bl#%$#/#%$#) 0./2/ (#%$,&. -#%=",0.) . $#"/. +,#*#)7) 0./. 1#/5"+ + #($2&,.(+?M!+"+ #6,$+" $#.",m+d3#( #7$#%(+( # ,%.9."$2%+() #%$#%"#, C,%$#"$#7$.D) %#($# $"+5+1O.)

0./. $.&. # B2+1B2#" #1#/#%$.) 9"#(#%$# %.( $#7$.() B2# .( 0.1.0+ #/ "#1+dh. 0./.2$".RXWN]W) KISS) 9? eS?_H $",5. $"V0,+ &.( -#$+( O+5,$+6+) ( . (=021. >^ +?@?) + "#-,h. &. 5+,7. f+%g5,.)9"F7,/.) 9."$+%$.) &+ "#-,h. 9+"+ .% E68&,. i."+ #7,1+&.


20/22


K_[#-2%&. T."&z0#


21/22


:IR.$#'(# + 9.(,dh. #%iV$,0+ .029+&+ 9#1. %./# &. +/,-.) %. ,%80,. &. 6#"(. M?^#j+'(# +,%&+ B2# + $#/V$,0+ &+ "#0./#%&+dh. #($V 9"#(#%$# %.( &.,( #7$"#/.( &.9.#/+) %. 9",/#,". # %. g1$,/. 6#"(.() /+$#",+1,m+&+ %+( 9+1+6"+( 5/77+02&"#


22/22


_1X: aENRY]E~WN) [,/.%G [!H~TENca) H%$.%z '@H;!?

[HRf[) w.O% W&y,%

Documents

O exílio de Marcial - Robson Cesila 2011