Pannonian-Pontian Ostracoda fauna of Gelibolu Neogene ... · Ostracoda fauna from Gelibolu Basin reveals that the depositional environment of the basin was coastal (littoral). Furthermore

Pannonian-Pontian Ostracoda fauna of Gelibolu Neogene Basin(NW Turkey)

Gelibolu Neojen HavzasÝÕnÝn Pannoniyen-Ponsiyen ostrakod faunasÝ(KB Trkiye)

Cemal TUNOÚLUHacettepe University, Faculty of Engineering, Department of Geological Engineering, 06532 Beytepe,Ankara, Turkey

Aziz NALThe General Directorate of Railways, Ports and Airports Construction Research Department, PortHydrolic Research Field Observation Laboratory, Serpmeler Macunky, Ankara, Turkey.

ABSTRACT

In this study, Pannonian-Pontian Ostracoda fauna is researched from the material obtained from Gelibolu Neoge-ne Basin. Ostracoda fauna are mainly derived from the white marl, mudstone and siltstone. Fourteen species andeight taxa belonging to open nomenclature mainly have brackish and freshwater origin are investigated in thestudy. Two new species and one subspecies are described as new. These are Cyprideis pannonica, C. sublitoral-lis, C. tuberculata, C. torosa tuberculata n.ssp., C. cf. seminulum, C. trituberculata, C. quadrituberculata, C. hexa-tuberculata n.sp., C. sp. 1, Candona neglecta, C. candida, C. parallela pannonica, C. sp., Ilyocypris bradyi, I. pon-tica n.sp., I. sp., Limnocythere sp. 1, Limnocythere sp. 2, Paralimnocythere sp. 1, Paralimnocythere sp. 2, Loxo-concha sp. 1 and Cyprinotus salinus. Chronostratigraphical subdivision of the Neogene sequence was mainly con-sisted of Ostracoda associations and correlated with the other fauna and flora groups. These Ostracoda fauna cle-arly indicates the Pannonian and Pontian age. Ostracoda fauna from Gelibolu Basin reveals that the depositionalenvironment of the basin was coastal (littoral). Furthermore in some cases, freshwater input effects also can beencountered in the fauna Ilyocypris, Paralimnocythere, Limnocythere and Cyprinotus. The characteristics of faunaland floral associations suggested that the environmental conditions in the study area were similar to Paratethysbioprovince in the Pannonian and Pontian Ostracoda fauna from Gelibolu Basin, no effects and interferences fromTethys bioprovince was detected.

Key words: Ostracoda, Pannonian-Pontian, Paratethys, Turkey.

Z

Bu alÝßmada, Gelibolu Neojen HavzasÝÕndan elde edilen rneklere ait Pannoniyen-Ponsiyen ostrakod faunasÝaraßtÝrÝlmÝßtÝr. Ostrakod topluluÛu daha ok beyaz marn, amurtaßÝ ve sittaßlarÝndan elde edilmißtir. Bu alÝßma-da, acÝsu ve tatlÝsu kkenli ondrt tr ve isimlendirmeye aÝk sekiz taxa saptanmÝß ve incelenmißtir. Bu arada ikiyeni tr, bir yeni alttr tanÝmlanmÝßtÝr. Bunlar; Cyprideis pannonica, C. sublitorallis, C. tuberculata, C. torosa tuber-culata n.ssp., C. cf. seminulum, C. trituberculata, C. quadrituberculata, C. hexatuberculata n.sp, C. sp. 1, Cando-na neglecta, C. candida, C. parallela pannonica, C. sp., Ilyocypris bradyi, I. pontica n.sp., I. sp., Limnocythere sp.1, Limnocythere sp. 2, Paralimnocythere sp.1, Paralimnocythere sp. 2, Loxoconcha sp. 1 ve Cyprinotus salinustrleridir. Neojen istifinin kronostratigrafik blmlemesi baßlÝca ostrakod topluluÛundan yararlanÝlarak gerekleßti-rilmiß, ancak gzlemlenen diÛer fauna ve flora gruplarÝ ile de deneßtirme yapÝlarak, Pannoniyen ve Ponsiyen kat-larÝ ayÝrtlanmÝßtÝr. Ostrakod faunasÝnÝn ortam belirleyici zelliklerine baÛlÝ olarak, kelme blgesinde, sÝÛ denizel(litoral) koßullarÝn egemen olduÛu, ancak bazÝ seviyelerde dnem dnem tatlÝsu girißiminin de etkin olduÛu Ilyocyp-ris, Paralimnocythere, Limnocythere ve Cyprinotus cinslerine baÛlÝ olarak sylenebilir. Tm saptanan fauna ve flo-ra, incelenen blgedeki sucul koßullarÝn Paratetis biyoprovens zelliklerini taßÝdÝÛÝnÝ ve TetisÕin etkisinin ve girißi-minin bu dnem boyunca gerekleßmediÛini gstermektedir.

Anahtar kelimeler: Ostrakoda, Pannoniyen-Ponsiyen, Paratetis, Trkiye

Yerbilimleri, 23 (2001), 167-187Hacettepe niversitesi Yerbilimleri Uygulama ve AraßtÝrma Merkezi BlteniBulletin of Earth Sciences Application and Research Centre of Hacettepe University

INTRODUCTION

In the Neogene period, there were many isola-ted or connected distinct basins from west toeast along the Black Sea and the Sea of Mar-mara coasts of Turkey. These basins have aconnection to Tethys or Paratethys bioprovinceor to both of them from Middle Miocene to Re-cent. One of them is called as ÒGelibolu BasinÓwhich is located at Gelibolu Peninsula, anak-kale, and oriented in NE-SW direction (Figure1). This basin is numbered as 50a-f by Steinin-ger et al. (1985).

Many researches have been carried out in theinvestigated area as Ülhan (1964), SaltÝk and Sa-ka (1971, 1972), nem (1974), nal (1984),Erol (1985), Smengen et al. (1987), Þentrkand Karakse (1987), Siyako et al. (1989), Okayet al. (1990), Erol (1992). Paleontological inves-tigations have been performed in the region byTernek (1949), lkmen (1960), Erol and Nuttal(1973), Ozansoy (1973), nem (1974), Taner(1977, 1981, 1983), Smengen et al., (1987),Þentrk and Karakse (1987), Taner (1994),TunoÛlu and nal (2001).

The aim of this paper is to introduce the taxo-nomy and classification of Pannonian-PontianOstracoda assemblage of Gelibolu NeogeneBasin. Furthermore, paleogeographic and chro-nostratigraphic comparisons of this basin with

the other similar Neogene basins of Turkey andParatethys are realized.

GEOLOGIC SETTING

In the study area, the Neogene units unconfor-mably overlie the Oligocene aged basementrocks (Figure 2). The Middle-Late Miocene unitsare composed of two different formations, asanakkale (Pannonian) and ConkbayÝrÝ (Ponti-an). The anakkale formation consists of fourdifferent members from bottom to top as Gazha-nedere, Anafarta, amrakdere and Bayraktepe.These members and formations names assig-ned by Smengen et al. (1987) and Þentrk andKarakse (1987) are also- accepted and utilizedin this investigation.

The Gazhanedere member of the anakkaleformation deposited at the Early Pannoniansubstage is comprised of claystone, sandstone,mudstone, marl, clayey limestone and limesto-ne. In this mamber, abundant Ostracoda (Table1) and microvertebrate fauna were obtained.

The Anafarta member of the anakkale formati-on conformably overlies the Gazhanederemember, which consists of marl, sandstone,claystone, conglomerate and tabular sandstone(see Figure 2). This member is in Middle Panno-nian age and contains abundant and well pre-served Ostracoda (see Table 1) and microver-tebrate fauna.

The amrakdere member is conformably over-lain by Anafarta member of Middle-Late Panno-nian age. It is composed of claystone, marl,conglomerate, thick clayey limestone and muds-tone (see Figure 2). This member also containsOstracoda (see Table 1) and microvertebratefossils.

The last member of the anakkale formation, iscalled as Bayraktepe which is consists of fossi-liferous limestone, sandstone, conglomerate,claystone and sandy limestone and was deposi-ted at the Late Pannonian time interval (see Fi-gure 2). This unit is rich in ostracod (see Table1), gastropod and spore-pollen (TunoÛlu andnal, 2001).

The ConkbayÝrÝ formation of Pontian age is theyoungest unit of the Neogene sequence. It con-

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Figure 1. Location map of the study area. Þekil 1. Ünceleme alanÝnÝn yer bulduru haritasÝ.

TunoÛlu and nal 169

Figure 2. Generalized stratigraphic columnar section of the study area. Þekil 2. alÝßma alanÝnÝn genelleßtirilmiß stratigrafik dikme kesiti.

formably overlies the Bayraktepe member of theanakkale formation. It contains thick marl,sandstone, mudstone, claystone and conglome-rate (see Figure 2) with abundant ostracoda(see Table 1) and microvertebrate fauna.

SYSTEMATIC PALEONTOLOGY

Twentytwo Pannonian-Pontian ostracoda speci-es, subspecies and taxa belonging to open no-menclature were identified in the Gelibolu Ne-ogene Basin. Two species and one subspeciesare new. Especially, Cprideis species were con-firmed with Ostracoda Zones 16 and 18 in thestudies of Jiricek (1983), Jiricek and Riha (1990)and TunoÛlu and nal (2001). In this study,Hartmann and Puri (1974)Õs Classification wasutilized for systematical description of the taxa.Moore (1961), Morkhoven (1962, 1963) andÒCatalogue of OstracodaÓ (Ellis and Messina,1953-1981) were also utilized and consideredduring descriptions. The species are depositedat the Geological Engineering Department ofHacettepe University.

Phylum : ARTHROPODAClass : CRUSTACEASubclass : OSTRACODA Latreille, 1806Order : PODOCOPIDA G. W. MULLER, 1894Suborder : PODOCOPA Sars, 1866Family : LIMNOCYTHERIDAE Klie, 1938Subfamily : LÜMNOCYTHERINAE Klie, 1938

Genus: Limnocythere Brady, 1868Type-species : Cythere inopinata Baird, 1843Stratigraphic level: Oligocene-RecentEnvironment : Fresh water, some brackishwater (Morkhoven, 1963).

Limnocythere sp. 1Plate 1 Figures 1, 2

Definition: Carapace is rectangular in shape inlateral view. Dorsal and ventral margins are con-cave in the center of margin. Maximum heightand width are at the anterior of the carapace.Posterior area is tapering at the dorsal view androunded at the lateral view. Normal pore canalsare very small, interior features and sexual di-morphism could not be observed.

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Table 1. Ostracoda distribution of the Neogene units of the Gelibolu Peninsula.izelge 1. Gelibolu YarÝmadasÝ Neojen birimlerinde ostrakodlarÝn stratigrafik daÛÝlÝmÝ.

Material: 3 carapaces, 2 valvesDimensions: Length : 0.85 - 0.90 mm

Height : 0.35 - 0.40 mmWidth : 0.15 - 0.20 mm

Remarks: Limnocythere sp. 1 is closely similarto L. santipatricii Brady and Robertson. But dif-fers from it by having well rounded anterior mar-gin and convex dorsal margin Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Middle Pannonian.

Limnocythere sp. 2Plate 1 Figures 3, 4

Definition: Carapace is ovate in the lateral vi-ew. Dorsal margin is straight, vental margin isconcave. Anterior and posterior margins arewell rounded. Postero-dorsal margin of right val-ve is oblique. Anterior end is tapering, but pos-terior end is well rounded in the dorsal view. Leftvalve is larger than the right valve. Interior featu-res could not be obsreved. Material: 13 carapaces.Dimensions: Length: 0.85 - 0.90 mm

Height: 0.45 - 0.50 mmWidth: 0.20 - 0.25 mm

Remarks: Limnocythere sp. 2 is similar to gene-ral valve shape of the L. africana minor Lindroth,but it differs from it by having a good reticulati-ons on the surface of the valve. Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Middle-Late Pannoni-an.

Subfamily: LÜMNOCYTHERINAE Klie, 1938Genus: Paralimnocythere Carbonnel, 1969Type-species: Cythere inopinata Baird, 1843Stratigraphic level: Oligocene-RecentEnvironment: Fresh water, some of them brac-kish water (Morkhoven, 1963).

Paralimnocythere sp.1Plate 1 Figure 5

Definition: Carapace is in rectangular shape inlateral view. Dorsal margin is straight where asventral margin is broadly concave, anterior mar-gin is depressed towards ventral margin andwell rounded. Posterior margin is also well roun-ded and postero-dorsal corner is very strong atthe lateral view of the left valve. Anterior end ismore tapering than the posterior at the dorsal vi-ew. Left and right valves are aproximatelly equ-

al. Material: 31 carapaces.Dimensions: Length: 0.65 - 0.70 mmHeight: 0.25 - 0.30 mm Width : 0.30 - 0.35 mm

Remarks: Paralimnocythere sp. 1 is different togeneral valve shape of the P. sp. Carbonel,1985. P. sp. Carbonel has good reticulation onthe surface of the valve.Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Early-Late Pannonian.

Paralimnocythere sp. 2Plate 1 Figures 6, 7

Definition: Valve is in rectangular shape in late-ral view. Dorsal margin is nearly straight, ventralmargin is slightly concave, anterior margin iswell rounded, posterior margin slightly taperingat the center of the dorsal margin. Anterior endis most tapering than the posterior end. Maxi-mum length, height and width are at the centerof the carapace. There are pitted and small reti-culates on the surface of the valve. Normal po-re canals are very abundant and thick. Hinge islofhodont. Sexual dimorphism could not be ob-served. Material: 12 valves, 2 carapaces.Dimensions: Length: 0.75 - 0.80 mm


Remarks: Paralimnocythere sp. 2 is different togeneral valve shape of the P. sp Krstic. P. spKrstic has longer carapace than the P. sp. 2. Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Turkey, Middle Panno-nian.

Family: CYTHERIDEIDAE Sars, 1928Genus: Cyprideis Jones, 1857Type species: Candona torosa Jones, 1850Stratigraphic level: Sarmatian-RecentEnvironment: Most of them are brackish (me-so-polihaline), rarely in saline (%o 80) lakes(Morkhoven, 1963).

Cyprideis pannonica (Mehes, 1908)Plate 1 Figure 8

1908 Cytheridea pannonica Mehes, p. 553, pl.11, figs. 6-14.

1958 Cyprideis pannonica (Mehes), Kollmann,p. 163, pl. 13, figs. 1-4.


1962 Cyprideis pannonica pannonica (Mehes),Decima; pl. 16, figs. 5a-10b.

1968a Cyprideis (Cyprideis) cf. pannonica (Me-hes), Krstic; p.111, pl. I, figs. 2, 3.

1971 Cyprideis pannonica (Mehes), Krstic, p.393, pl. 2.

1978 Cyprideis pannonica (Mehes), Carbonnel;p. 81, pl. 1, figs. 11-13.

1979 Cyprideis (Cyprideis) pannonica (Mehes),Bassiouni; p. 84, pl. 1, figs. 1-6.

1990 Cyprideis pannonica (Mehes), Jiricek andRiha; p. 438, pl. 4, fig. 8.

1996 Cyprideis pannonica (Mehes), nal, p. 92,93; pl. 1, figs. 9-11; pl. 8, figs. 7, 8, pl. 14,figs. 1, 2.

Material: 694 carapaces, 338 valves.Dimensions: Length: 1.00 - 1.10 mm


Remarks: C. pannonica has resemblance to C.pontica Krstic. Former differs from latter in ha-ving angular antero-dorsal corner. Dorsal andventral margins are approximately parallel toeach other. C. pontica Krstic does not have an-tero-dorsal sulcus. According to Krstic (1971),C. ventroundulata Krstic is junior synonym of C.pannonica (Mehes).Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Early-Late Pannonian-Pontian. Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:Budhapest, Hungary: Early Pannonian (Mehes,1908); Vienna, Austria: Early Pannonian (Koll-mann, 1958); Vienna Basin, Austria: Early Pan-nonian, Chersonian (Jiricek and Riha, 1990);Italy: Late Miocene (Decima, 1962); Belgrade,Yugoslavia: Late Pannonian (Krstic, 1968a);Pannonic Basin: Pannonian (Krstic, 1971);Lyon, France: Messinian (Carbonnel, 1978);Sea of Marmara, Aegean Region, Southwestand Central Anatolia of Turkey: Late Miocene(Bassiouni, 1979); Gelibolu Peninsula, Turkey:Early-Late Pannonian- Pontian (nal, 1996).

Cyprideis sublittoralis Pokorny, 1952Plate 1 Figure 9

1962 Cyprideis heterostigma sublittoralis (Po-korny), Decima; pl. 24, figs. 1-5.

1971 Cyprideis sublittoralis (Pokorny), Krstic; p.393, pl. 2.

1983 Cyprideis sublittoralis (Pokorny), Jiricek; p.217, pl. VII, fig. 39.

1990 Cyprideis sublittoralis (Pokorny), Jiricekand Riha; p. 440, pl. 5, fig. 5.

1990 Cyprideis sublittoralis (Pokorny), Rundic;p. 296.

1996 Cyprideis sublittoralis (Pokorny), nal; p.94, 95, pl. 2, figs. 3, 4; pl. 9, figs. 1-3.



Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:Italy: Early Pannonian (Decima, 1962); Yugosla-via: Pannonian (Krstic, 1971); Belgrade, Yugos-lavia: Pontian (Rundic, 1990); Austria: Late Pan-nonian (Jiricek, 1983; Jiricek and Riha, 1990);Gelibolu Peninsula-Neogene Basin, Turkey, La-te Pannonian-Pontian (nal, 1996).

Cyprideis torosa tuberculata n. ssp.Plate 1 Figure 10

Derivation of name: Tuberculates on the valvesurface.Holotype: Left valve, collection number: A9609Paratype: 47 valves.Type locality: Gelibolu Peninsula. Type level: Middle-Late Pannonian, Pontian.Diagnosis: Carapace in rectangular shape inlateral view. Anterior margin well rounded, dor-sal and ventral margins nearly parallel to eachother. Ventral margin straight, posterior margindiagonal from postero-dorsal corner to ventralcorner. Marginal zone well developed, musclescars as genus character. Description: Valve is in rectangular shape inthe lateral view. Anterior margin is well rounded.Posterior margin is most tapering than the ante-rior. Ventral margin is straight. Dorsal margin isslightly convex, both of them are nearly parallelto each other. Maximum length, height andwidth are encountered at the center of the cara-pace. Surface of the valves are covered withpits and reticulates. There are three different tu-berculates on the center of the surface. Two ofthem are located nearly ventral margin, and theother is at dorso-central part. Anterior end ismost tapering than the posterior at the dorsal vi-ew. Marginal zone and marginal pore canals arewell developed. Marginal pore canals are thin,abundant and straight. Hinge and muscle scarssame as genus. Sexual dimorphism is present,male forms are more longer than the female,posterior area of the female forms are moreswollen than the male forms.

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Dimensions: Length: 1.00 - 1.10 mmHeight: 0.45 - 0.50 mmWidth: 0.35 - 0.40 mm

Remarks: C. torosa tuberculata n. ssp. has clo-se resemblance to C. torosa Jones, but it differsfrom C. torosa torosa Jones by having not tuber-culate on the surface of the valve.It is also simi-lar to C. trituberculata Krstic, but, C. torosa tu-berculata n. ssp. differs in having a short cara-pace at the dorsal and lateral view.

Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes, 1908)Plate 1 Figures 11, 12

1908 Cytheridea banatica Mehes, p. 552, pl. 10,fig. 13-16.

1908 Cytheridea pannonica (Mehes) var. tuber-culata n. var. Mehes; p. 554, pl. 13, figs.17-21.

1958 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), Kollmann;p. 161, pl. 13, figs. 7-14.

1962 Cyprideis tuberculata tuberculata (Me-hes), Decima; p. 125-127, pl. 2, figs. 5a-6b, pl. 3, figs. 1a-4, pl. 4, figs. 3a-6e, pl.14, figs. 6-9.

1968bCyprideis (Cyprideis) cf. tuberculata (Me-hes), Krstic; p. 116, pl. 3, figs. 7- 9, pl. 12,fig. 5.

1969 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), Carbonnel;p. 78, pl. 12, figs. 16,17.

1971 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), Krstic, p.393, pl. 2.

1972 Cyprideis mehesi (Mehes), Sissingh; p.86, pl. 43.

1978 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), Carbonnel;p.79-95, pl. 1, figs.14,15.

1979 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), Doruk; p.165-172, p. 1-2.

1983 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), Jiricek; p.206, pl. 6, fig. 33.

1984 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), TunoÛlu;p. 60-61, pl. 2, figs. 13-16.

1988 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), Nazik; p.71-72, pl. 2, figs. 5-9.

1990 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), Jiricek andRiha; p. 440, pl. 5, fig. 2.

1996 Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes), nal; p.98,99, pl. 3, figs.3,4; pl.9, figs. 5,6.

Material: 32 carapaces.Dimensions: Length: 1.00 - 1.25 mm

Height: 0.55 - 0.60 mmWidth : 0.45 - 0.50 mm

Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Late Pannonian. Stra-tigraphic and geographic distribution: Aust-ria, Hungary: Pannonian (Kollmann,1958); Vien-na Basin: Early Pannonian (Jiricek, 1983; Jiricekand Riha, 1990); Italy: Early Pannonian-Messi-nian, (Decima,1962); Belgrade, Yugoslavia;Middle-Late Pannonian (Krstic, 1968b); Panno-nic Basin: Pannonian (Krstic, 1971); Rhone Ba-sin, France: Late Miocene-Tortonian- Pliocene(Carbonnel, 1969); Crete and Rhodos, AegeanSea: Late Miocene (Sissingh, 1972); Svaborice,Slovakia: Late Miocene (Carbonnel, 1978); Ada-na Basin, Turkey: Messinian (Doruk, 1979); Si-nop Peninsula, Turkey: Pontian (TunoÛlu,1984); UlukÝßla: Pontian (Nazik, 1988); GeliboluPeninsula: Late Pannonian (nal , 1996).

Cyprideis trituberculata Krstic, 1968aPlate 2 Figure 1

1968a Cyprideis (Cyprideis) trituberculataKrstic, p. 115, pl. 3, figs. 1-3, pl. 12, fig. 2.

1971 Cyprideis trituberculata Krstic, p. 394.1979 Cyprideis (Cyprideis) cf. trituberculata

(Krstic), Bassiouni; p. 86, pl. 10, figs. 11-14.

1996 Cyprideis trituberculata (Krstic), nal, p.100,101, pl: 3, figs. 5-7, pl.10, fig.1.Material: 106 valves.Dimensions: Length: 0.90 - 1.05 mm


Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:Belgrade, Yugoslavia: Middle Pannonian(Krstic, 1968a); Pannonic Basin: Late Miocene(Krstic, 1971); Southwest Anatolia, Turkey:Middle-Late Pannonian (Bassiouni,1979); Geli-bolu Peninsula, Turkey: Middle-Late Pannoni-an-Pontian (nal, 1996).

Cyprideis quadrituberculata Krstic, 1960Plate 2 Figures 2, 3

1960 Cyprideis heterostigma tribulata (Reuss),Krstic; p. 277, pl. 2, figs. 14-17, pl. 4, figs.3, 4.

1968 a Cyprideis (Cyprideis) quadrituberculataKrstic, p. 116, pl. 3, figs. 4-6, pl. 12, figs.3-4.

1971 Cyprideis quadrituberculata Krstic, p. 394.1996 Cyprideis quadrituberculata Krstic , nal;

p. 101,102, pl. 4, figs. 1-3, pl.10, figs. 2-4.


Material: 47 valves. Dimensions: Length: 0.85 - 0.90 mm

Height: 0.50 - 0.60 mm Width: 0.45 - 0.50 mm

Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:Belgrade, Yugoslavia: Pannonian (Krstic, 1960,1968a); Pannonian Basin: Pannonian (Krstic,1971); Gelibolu Peninsula, Turkey: Middle-LatePannonian, Pontian (nal, 1996).

Cyprideis hexatuberculata n. sp.Plate 2 Figures 4, 5

Derivation of name: It is named as hexatuber-culata due to six tuberculates on the surface ofvalves.Holotype: Right valve (plate 2, figure 4), Collec-tion number: A9613.Paratype: 5 valves (Plate 2, Figure 5).Type locality: Gelibolu Peninsula, NeogeneBasin.Type level: Late Pannonian.Diagnosis: Valve in kidney shape in lateral vi-ew. Dorsal margin strongly convex, ventral mar-gin concave. Anterior margin well rounded anddepressed towards to ventral margin, while pos-terior margin oblique towards the postero-vent-ral corner. Description: Carapace is kidney shaped in la-teral view. Dorsal margin is strongly convex atthe left valve, ventral margin is slightly concave,anterior margin is depressed towards ventralmargin and well rounded. Posterior margin is di-agonal towards postero-ventral corner. Maxi-mum length, height and width are encounteredat the center of carapace. There are six differenttuberculates on the surface of the valves. Twoof them are equal size and located antero-dor-sal and postero-ventral area of carapace, one ofthem is located postero-dorsal part, three of theothers are located at the centre of the carapaceand have larger dimensions than the other threetuberculates. Three of them are observed at thedorsal view. Marginal pore canals are well deve-loped, and muscle scar area and sexual dimorp-hism could not be observed.Dimentions: Length: 0.75 - 0.80 mm


Remarks: C. hexatuberculata n.sp is differenti-aed from C. trituberculata and C. quadritubercu-lata by having six tubercules instead of three orfour.

Cyprideis cf. seminulum Reuss, 1850 Plate 2 Figures 6, 7

cf. 1850 Cytherina seminulum Reuss, p. 59, pl.9, fig. 5.

cf. 1958 Cyprideis seminulum (Reuss), Koll-mann, p. 172 -174, pl. 16, figs. 6-13, figs.2a - d, 3a -b.

cf. 1979 Cyprideis (Cyprideis) seminulum (Re-uss, 1850), Bassiouni; p. 91 - 92.

cf. 1996 Cyprideis cf. seminulum (Reuss), nal,p.103, 104, pl. 4, figs. 6, 7; pl. 10, figs.6,7.



Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene basin, Middle-Late Pannoni-an.Remarks: This form has close resemblance toC. seminulum Reuss but differs from it by ha-ving long carapace in the lateral and dorsal vi-ew.

Cyprideis sp.1Plate 2 Figure 9

Definition: Valve is in triangular shape in lateralview. Anterior margin is well rounded, dorsalmargin is convex, ventral margin is slightly stra-ight. Posterior margin is diagonal between pos-tero-dorsal and postero-ventral corners. Maxi-mum dimensions are encountered at the centreof the carapace. There are four tuberculates onthe surface of the valves. Two of them are loca-ted at the antreo-dorsal and antero-ventral are-as. Another two tubercules are at the postero-dorsal area. A greater tubercule of two is loca-ted in the centero-ventral. Normal pore and mar-ginal pore canals are well developed. Marginalpore canals are thin, straight and short. Hinge isin genus character (amphidont). Muscle scarscould not be observed. Material: 10 valves.Dimensions: Length: 0.65 - 0.70 mm


Remarks: Cyprideis sp. 1 is similar to C. quad-rituberculata Krstic. But, Cyprideis sp.1 has verystrong and larger tuberculates than C. quadritu-berculata Krstic. Cyprideis sp. 1 is also similar toCyprideis undosa (Harten), but it differs from itby having stronger and larger tuberculates.

174 Yerbilimleri

Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Late Pannonian.Family: LOXOCONCHIDAE Sars, 1928Genus: Loxoconcha Sars, 1866Type species: Cythere rhomboidea Fischer,1855Stratigraphic distribution:Paleocene-RecentEnvironment: Littoral, mesohaline salinity con-ditions.

Loxoconcha sp.1Plate 2 Figures 10, 11

Definition: Lateral view is ovate, dorsal andventral margins are convex and nearly parallelto each other. Anterior and posterior marginsare well rounded and depressed towards poste-ro-dorsal area. Maximum length, height andwidth are observed at the centre of the carapa-ce. Surface of the valve is covered with smallpits. Interior features and sexual dimorphism co-uld not be observed. Material: 22 carapaces.Dimensions: Length: 0.55 - 0.60 mm


Remarks: Loxoconcha sp. 1 is similar to L. el-liptica Krstic, but differs former from latter nothaving a caudal proces at the posterior. Further-more, Loxoconcha sp. 1 has more depressedcarapace than L. elliptica Krstic at the dorsal vi-ew. Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Middle-Late Pannoni-an.Superfamily: CYPRIDACEA Baird, 1845Family: ILYOCYPRIDIDAE Kaufmann, 1900Genus: Ilyocypris Brady and Norman, 1889Stratigraphic distribution: ? Triassic-RecentEnvironments: Freshwater and oligohaline sa-linity condition and mudy substrate (Morkhoven,1963)

Ilyocypris pontica n. sp.Plate 2 Figures 12-14

Derivation of name: Due to its occurrence inPontian stage.Holotype: Right valve (plate 2, figure 12), Col-lection number: A9620.Paratype: 39 valves.Type locality: Gelibolu Peninsula-Neogene Ba-sin.

Type level: Middle Pannonian-Pontian.Diagnosis: Carapace rectangular in lateral vi-ew. Dorsal margin straight, ventral marginslightly concave, anterior margin broadly roun-ded, posterior margin well rounded. Anterior endmore tapering than the posterior end at the dor-sal view. Surface ornamentation characterizedby large tubercules between postero-dorsal andcentral-dorsal areas.Description: General valve is rectangular sha-pe laterally. Dorsal margin is straight and hasangular antero and postero-dorsal corners.Ventral margin is slightly concave. Anterior mar-gin is broadly rounded. Posterior margin is wellrounded. Anterior and posterior margins havespines. Surface of the valve is covered by reti-culates and three strong tuberculates. One ofthem is larger and located between central-dor-sal and postero-dorsal parts. Another one is lo-cated at antero-dorsal area with moderate di-mensions. The last one is located at the central-ventral area. Maximum height is encountered atthe anterior, maximum length and width are ob-served at the center of carapace. Muscle scarsand sexual dimorphism could not be observed. Dimensions: Length: 0.75 - 0.80 mm


Remarks: Ilyocypris pontica n.sp is similar to I.gibba Guernet et al., but it differs from I. GibbaGuernet et al. by having large tuberculates onthe valve surface.

Ilyocypris bradyi Sars, 1890Plate 2 Figures 15, 16

1888 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars; p. 59 (nomen nu-dum).

1928 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars; p. 109, pl. 4, fig. 2.1956 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars , Agalarova; p. 158,

pl. 6, figs. 5a - 5b.1962 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars , Jordan et. al.; p.

87, pl 44, figs. 26 - 40.1966 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars , Stancheva; p. 212,

pl. 3, fig. 2.1970 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars , Gagic and Sokac;

p. 138.1977 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars , Guernet et. al.; p.

308, pl. 1, fig. 15.1979 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars , Harten; p. 77, pl. 1,

figs. 1b, 2c, 2d, pl. 2, figs. 1b, 2b. 1980 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars , Krstic and Obrado-

vic, p. 94.


1988 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars , Nazik; p. 78, pl. 4,figs. 1 - 3.

1992 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars, Þafak; p. 25, pl. 5,fig. 5.

1992 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars, Þafak et. al., p. 176,pl. 1, fig. 1.

1996 Ilyocypris bradyi Sars, nal, p. 108-110,pl. 6, figs. 1,2; pl. 11, figs. 8-10.



Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:Azerbaijan-Turkmenistan: Pliocene(Agalarova,1956); Yugoslavia: Pleistocene (Gagic and So-kac, 1970); Recent (Harten,1979); Pleistocene(Krstic and Obradovic, 1980); Bulgaria: Pliocene(Stancheva, 1966); Germany: Pleistocene (Jor-dan et.al.,1962); Greece: Late Pliocene (Guer-net et. al., 1977); UlukÝßla, Turkey: Pontian (Na-zik, 1988); Antakya, Turkey: Pliocene (Þafak,1992); SarÝz, Turkey: Pliocene (Þafak et al.,1992); Gelibolu Peninsula, Turkey: Middle-LatePannonian (nal, 1996).

Ilyocypris sp.Plate 2 Figure 17

Definitions: Carapace is in subrectangular sha-pe in the lateral view. Dorsal margin is straight.Ventral margin is slightly straight. Anterior end isbroadly rounded. Posterior margin is well roun-ded. Postero-dorsal and antreo-dorsal cornersare angular. Maximum height is at the anterior.Maximum length and width are at the center ofthe carapace. Marginal zone is narrow, Marginalpore canals are straight and simple. Hinge isadont. Material: 6 valves.Dimensions: Length: 0.95 - 1.00 mm


Remarks: Due to less and not well preservedmaterial, species identification could not be re-alized. Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Middle-Late Pannoni-an.Family: CANDONIDAE Kaufmann, 1900Subfamily: CANDONINAE Kaufmann, 1900Genus: Candona, Baird, 1854Type specimen: Cypris candida Mller, 1776Stratigraphic distribution: Oligocene (Eocene?)-Recent

Environment: Freshwater, rarely brackish wa-ter.

Candona neglecta Sars, 1888Plate 3 Figure 1

1888 Candona neglecta Sars; p.107 (nomennudum)

1957 Candona neglecta Sars, Wagner; p. 21,pl. 3.

1959 Candona neglecta Sars, Luttig; p.190,191, pl. 23, fig.1, 2.

1965 Candona neglecta Sars, Devato; p. 340,fig. 41.

1966 Candona neglecta Sars, Stancheva; p.214, pl. 2, fig. 1.

1968 Candona neglecta Sars, Bhatia; p. 474,pl. 3, figs. 1a-f, pl. 5, figs. 5-7.

1969 Candona neglecta Sars, Carbonnel; p.39-41, pl. 1, fig. 19, pl. 3, figs. 20-21.

1969 Candona neglecta Sars, n. subsp. Sars,Grammann; p. 518, pl. 32, fig. 6.

1975 Candona neglecta Sars, Sokac; p. 112-114, pl. 1-3.

1979 Candona neglecta Sars, Gken; p. 116,pl. 6, figs.14,15.

1979 Candona neglecta Sars, Guernet; p. 34,pl. 3, figs. 3, 4.

1980 Candona neglecta Sars, Freels; p. 94, pl.16, figs. 8-11.

1983 Candona neglecta Sars, Jiricek; p. 220. 1988 Candona (Candona) neglecta Sars, Na-

zik; p. 80, 81, pl. 4, figs. 4-6.1991 Candona neglecta Sars, Pietrzeniuk;

p.106, pl. 2, figs. 1-4.1992 Candona (Candona) neglecta Sars, Þa-

fak et. al., p. 178, pl. 3, figs. 3, 4.1994 Candona neglecta Sars, Nasser; p. 314,

pl. 5, fig. 2.1995 Candona (Candona) neglecta Sars, Tu-

noÛlu et al; p. 273, pl.1, figs.19-23. 1996 Candona neglecta Sars , nal p. 112, 113,

pl. 6, figs. 6,7; pl. 12, fig. 5.Material: 16 carapaces, 10 valves.Dimensions: Length: 1.25 - 1.45 mm


Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Pannonian, Pontian.Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:Netherlands: Holocene (Wagner, 1957); Ger-many: Holocene (Luttig, 1959); Liri Valley, Italy:Quaternary (Devato, 1965); Bulgaria: Levantini-

176 Yerbilimleri

an (Stancheva, 1966); Kasmin, India: Pleistoce-ne (Bhatia, 1968); Rhone Basin, France: LateMiocene-Pliocene (Carbonnel, 1969), DinaricKarst, Yugoslavia: Plio-Quaternary (Sokac,1975); Greece: Late Senozoic (Guernet, 1979);Late Pliocene (Nasser, 1994); Denizli, MuÛla,Turkey: Sarmatian-Pannonian (Gken, 1979);Burdur : Pleistocene (Freels, 1980); UlukÝßla :Pontian (Nazik, 1988); SarÝz, Kayseri: Pliocene(Þafak et al., 1992); Eskißehir: Pliocene (TunoÛ-lu et al., 1995); Gelibolu Peninsula, NW Turkey:Early-Late Pannonian-Pontian (nal, 1996).

Candona parallela pannonica Zalanyi, 1959Plate 3 Figures 2-4

1959 Candona parallela pannonica Zalanyi; p.200-202, pl. 3, figs. a-c.

1963 Candona pokornyi Kheil; p. 23-25, pl. 2,figs. 1-4.

1979 Candona (Candona) parallela pannonicaZalanyi, Gken; p. 119, pl. 7, figs. 1, 2.

1988 Candona parallela pannonica Zalanyi, Na-zik; p. 80, pl. 4, figs. 8-11, pl. 7, fig. 11.

1989 Candona parallela pannonica Zalanyi, Ta-nar, p. 143, 144, pl. 11, figs. 1-3.

1992 Candona (Candona) parallela pannonicaZalanyi, Nazik et. al., p. 301, pl. 2, fig. 1.

1992 Candona (Candona) parallela pannonica (Zalanyi), Þafak et. al., p. 178, pl. 3, fig. 2.

1995 Candona (Candona) parallela pannonicaZalanyi, TunoÛlu et. al; p. 273, pl., 1, figs.24-28.

1996 Candona (Candona) parallela pannonicaZalanyi, nal, p. 113-115, pl. 7, fig. 1,2;pl. 12, figs. 6-8.

Material: 173 valves.Dimensions: Length: 0.70 - 0.75 mm


Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:Pannonic Basin, Hungary: Late Pannonian (Za-lanyi, 1959); Trebon Basin, Czechoslovakia:Tortonian (Kheil, 1963); Denizli, MuÛla, Turkey:Pontian(Gken, 1979); UlukÝßla, Adana, Tur-key: Pontian (Nazik, 1988); Mut Basin, Turkey:Burdigalian (Tanar, 1989); Adana: Pliocene(Nazik et al., 1992); SarÝz, Kayseri: Pliocene(Þafak et al.,1992); Eskißehir, Turkey: Pliocene(TunoÛlu et al., 1995); Gelibolu Peninsula, NWTurkey: Middle-Late Pannonian-Pontian (nal,1996).

Candona candida Mller, 1776Plate 3 Figure 7

1776 Candona candida Mller (nomen nudum)1965 Candona candida Mller, Devoto; p. 337,

fig. 36.1973 Candona (Candona) candida pliocenica

Mller, Krstic; p. 151-173, figs. 1, 2.1978 Candona candida Mller, Sokac; p. 24-25,

pl. 9, figs. 1-4.1980 Candona (Candona) aff. candida Mller,

Freels; p. 80-82, pl. 13, figs. 6-8. 1984 Candona (Candona) cf. candida Mller,

TunoÛlu; p. 118-119, pl. 9, figs. 1-3.1991 Candona candida Mller, Pietrzeniuk; p.

106, Pl. 2, figs. 5-7.1996 Candona candida Mller, nal, p.

116,117, pl. 7, figs. 3, 4; pl. 13, fig. 1.Material: 31 valves, 4 carapaces.Dimensions: Length: 1.00 - 1.25 mm


Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:Liri Valley, Italy: Pleistocene (Devato, 1965);Yugoslavia, Pontian (Krstic, 1973); PannonicBasin: Pontian (Sokac, 1978); Germany: Mioce-ne (Pietrzeniuk, 1991); AydÝn, Turkey: Late Mi-ocene (Freels, 1980); Sinop Peninsula, Turkey:Pontian (TunoÛlu, 1984); Gelibolu Peninsula:Early Pannonian-Pontian (nal, 1996).

Candona sp.Plate 3 Figures 5, 6

Definitions: Valve is bean shape in outline.Dorsal margin is diagonally straight, ventralmargin is strongly concave, anterior margin isdepressed towards ventral margin and well ro-unded. Posterior margin is diagonal betweenpostero-dorsal and postero-ventral and well ro-unded at the postero-ventral. Left valve is largerthan the right valve. Maximum height is encoun-tered at the posterior area, maximum length andwidth are at the center of carapace, postero-ventral corner is extended towards backward.Interior features could not be observed. Material: 3 valves, 7 carapaces. Dimensions: Lenght: 1.00 - 1.05 mm


Remarks: This species is similar to Candonadevexa (Kaufmann) in general valve shape anddiagonal dorsal margin. But it differs shape from


C. devexa by having a very narrow, taperingpostero-dorsal margin and straight dorsal mar-gin. Locality and stratigraphic level: Gelibolu Pe-ninsula, Neogene Basin, Middle Pannonian.Family: CYPRIDIDAE Baird, 1845Subfamily: CYPRINOTINAE Bronstein, 1947Genus: Cyprinotus Brady, 1886Type species: Cyprinotus cingalansis Brady,1886Stratigraphic level: Oligocene-RecentEnvironment: Generally freshwater, insomeca-ses in oligo-mesohaline (Morkhoven, 1963).

Cyprinotus salinus (Brady, 1886)Plate 3 Figure 8

1886 Cypris salinus Brady; p. 368, pl. 28, figs. 8-13.

1957 Cyprinotus salinus (Brady), Wagner; p. 30,pl. IX.

1959 Cyprinotus salinus (Brady), Luttig; p. 191,pl. 23, fig. 4, pl. 24, figs. 1-3.

1962 Cyprinotus salinus (Brady), Jordan et al.;p. 76, pl.1, fig. 6-8, pl. 3, fig. 8.

1966 Cyprinotus salinus (Brady), Stancheva; p.213, pl. III, fig. 1.

1969 Cyprinotus salinus bressanus n. subsp.,Carbonnel; p. 53-55, pl. 2, figs. 14, 15,pl. 3, fig. 17.

1996 Cyprinotus salinus (Brady), nal, p.117,118, pl. 7, figs. 5, 6; pl. 13, fig. 4.

Material: 11 valves.Dimensions: Length: 1.05 - 1.10 mm

Height:: 0.65 - 0.70 mmWidth: 0.65 - 0.70 mm

Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:Germany: Pleistocene (Luttig, 1959, Jordan etal., 1962); The Netherland: Holocene (Wagner,1957); Bulgaria: Levantian (Stancheva, 1966);Lyon, France: Tortonian (Carbonnel, 1969); BouIsmail, Algeria: Recent (Yassini, 1979); GeliboluPeninsula, Turkey: Late Pannonian (nal,1996).

RESULTS

The general and important results derived fromthis investigation are as follows.1. Fourteen species and eight taxa belonging to

open nomenclature, two species and onesubspecies are new from Neogene units ofthe Gelibolu Peninsula were systematicallyidentified and described.

2. Genus Cyprideis and related species are do-minant in the ostracoda.

3. These fauna clearly reveals brackish and la-goonal environments.

4. Based on this study, Cprideis species weredetermined and confirmed with OstracodaZones 16 and 18 in the studies of Jiricek(1983) and Jiricek and Riha (1990).

5. The chronostratigraphic subdivision of theNeogene sequence was mainly done byusing ostracoda fauna and these data wascorrelated with the other fauna groups (mic-rovertebrate, spore and pollen, microgastro-poda, benthic foraminifera) As a result of thisstudy, Pannonian (Early, Middle, Late) andPontian stages were separated.

6. The Gelibolu Neogene Basin is associatedwith the Paratethys Basins, particularly Pan-nonic and Euxinic Basins, based on the ost-racoda fauna assemblages. The basin waslocated at the southern margin of the Para-tethys and had no connection to the Mediter-ranean Tethys during this time interval.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to the Research Fundof Hacettepe University for providing financialsupport during both field and laboratory studies(Project Number: 94.01.010.008) and this paperis a part of this project. The authors also thankto Cneyt Bilen (Ms.c., Geological Engineer) forhis kind help during field studies, Dr. U. KaanTekin (General Directorate of Mineral Researchand Exploration) for his critical review of the ma-nuscript and specially thanks are due to MehmetAli Siyez (Head of Department), Mehmet Ali YÝl-man (chemist major), Nebahat Yurtseven (SEMoperator) at the Ministry of Interior, Gendarme-rie General Command, Department of the Crimi-nal and Narcotics Laboratory for SEM Analyses,respectively.

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PLATE 1

Figure 1, 2. Limnocythere sp.1Karagz Hill Section, KAR-2, MiddlePannonian.

1. Right valve, external.2. Left valve, external.

Figure 3, 4. Limnocythere sp.2Hala SÝrtÝ Section, H-8, Middle-LatePannonian.


Figure 5. Paralimnocythere sp.1BehramlÝ Section, BE-9, Early-LatePannonian.Left valve, external.

Figure 6, 7. Paralimnocythere sp.2amtekke Point Sample, -6, MiddlePannonian.

6. Right valve, external.7. Carapace, dorsal.

Figure 8. Cyprideis pannonica (Mehes, 1908)BehramlÝ Section, BE-18, Early-LatePannonian-Pontian.Right valve, external.

Figure 9. Cyprideis sublitorallis (Pokorny,1952)Ilgardere Section, I-16, Late Pannoni-an-Pontian.Left valve, external.

Figure 10. Cyprideis torosa tuberculata n.ssp.Ilgardere Section, I-24, Middle-LatePannonian-Pontian.Left valve, external (Holotype).

Figure 11, 12. Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes,1908)Mata DaÛÝ Section, MD-5, Late Panno-nian.


LEVHA 1

Þekil 1, 2. Limnocythere sp.1Karagz Tepe Kesiti, KAR-2, Orta Pan-noniyen.

1. SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm.2. Sol kapak, i grnm.

Þekil 3, 4. Limnocythere sp.2Hala SÝrtÝ Kesiti, H-8, Orta-Ge Pan-noniyen.

3. SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm.4. Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.

Þekil 5. Paralimnocythere sp.1BehramlÝ Kesiti, BE-9, Orta-Ge Pan-noniyen.Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.

Þekil 6, 7. Paralimnocythere sp.2amtekke, nokta rnek, -6, Orta Pan-noniyen.

6. SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm.7. Kabuk, sÝrt grnm.

Þekil 8. Cyprideis pannonica (Mehes, 1908)BehramlÝ Kesiti, BE-18, Erken-GePannoniyen-Ponsiyen.SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm.

Þekil 9. Cyprideis sublitorallis (Pokorny,1952)Ilgardere Kesiti, I-16, Ge Pannoniyen-Ponsiyen.Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.

Þekil 10. Cyprideis torosa tuberculata n. ssp.Ilgardere Kesiti, I-24, Orta-Ge Panno-niyen-Ponsiyen.Sol kapak, dÝß grnm, Holotip.

Þekil 11, 12. Cyprideis tuberculata (Mehes,1908)Mata DaÛÝ Kesiti, MD-5, Ge Pannoni-yen.

11. SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm.12. Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.

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PLATE / LEVHA 1

PLATE 2

Figure 1. Cyprideis trituberculata (Krstic,1968a)BehramlÝ Section, BE-18, Middle-LatePannonian-Pontian.Right valve, external.

Figure 2, 3. Cyprideis quadrituberculataKrstic, 1960Cevizli Section, C-11, Middle-Late Pan-nonian-Pontian.

2. Left valve, external.3. Carapace, dorsal.

Figure 4, 5. Cyprideis hexatuberculata n.sp.Ilgardere Section, I-22, Late Pannoni-an.

4. Right valve, external, Holotype.5. Rigth valve, dorsal, Paratype.

Figure 6, 7. Cyprideis cf. seminulum (Reuss,1850)BehramlÝ Section, BE-15, Middle-LatePannonian.Right valve, external.

Figure 9. Cyprideis sp.2Poyraz Hill Section, PT-5, Late Panno-nian.Right valve, external.

Figure 10, 11. Loxoconcha, sp.1BehramlÝ section, BE-4, Middle-LatePannonian.


Figure 12, 13. Ilyocypris bradyi Sars, 1890BehramlÝ Section, BE-19, Middle-LatePannonian.


Figure 14-16. Ilyocypris pontica n.sp.Tersane Section, TER-4, Middle-LatePannonian-Pontian.

14. Right valve, external, Holotype.15. Left valve, external, Paratype.16. Right valve, dorsal.

Figure 17. Ilyocypris sp. Tersane Section, TER-5, Middle-LatePannonian.Left valve, external.

LEVHA 2

Þekil 1. Cyprideis trituberculata (Krstic,1968a)BehramlÝ Kesiti, BE-18, Orta-Ge Pan-noniyen-Ponsiyen.SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm.

Þekil 2, 3. Cyprideis quadrituberculata Krstic,1960Cevizli Kesiti, C-11, Orta-Ge Pannoni-yen-Ponsiyen.

2. Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.3. Kabuk, sÝrt grnm.

Þekil 4, 5. Cyprideis hexatuberculata n.sp.Ilgardere Kesiti, I-22, Ge Pannoniyen.

4. SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm, Holotip.5. SaÛ kapak, sÝrt grnm, Paratip.

Þekil 6, 7. Cyprideis cf. seminulum (Reuss,1850)BehramlÝ Kesiti, BE-15, Orta-Ge Pan-noniyen.SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm.

Þekil 9. Cyprideis sp.2Poyraz Tepe Kesiti, PT-5, Ge Panno-niyen.SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm.

Þekil 10, 11. Loxoconcha sp.1BehramlÝ Kesiti, BE-4, Orta-Ge Pan-noniyen.


Þekil 12, 13. Ilyocypris bradyi Sars, 1890BehramlÝ Kesiti, BE-19, Orta-Ge Pan-noniyen.


Þekil 14-16. Ilyocypris pontica n.sp.Tersane Kesiti, TER-4, Orta-Ge Pan-noniyen-Ponsiyen.

14. SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm, Holotip.15. Sol kapak, dÝß grnm, Paratip.16. SaÛ kapak, sÝrt grnm.

Þekil 17. Ilyocypris sp.Tersane Kesiti, TER-5, Orta-Ge Pan-noniyen.Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.

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PLATE / LEVHA 2

PLATE 3

Figure 1. Candona neglecta (Sars, 1888)Poyraztepe Section, PT-5, Early-LatePannonian-Pontian.Left valve, external.

Figure 2-4. Candona parallela pannonica Za-lanyi, 1959BehramlÝ Section, BE-4, Middle-LatePannonian-Pontian.

2. Left valve, external.3. Right valve, external.4. Right valve, dorsal.

Figure 5, 6. Candona sp.Tersane Section, TER-2, Middle Pan-nonian.

5. Left valve, external.6. Carapace, right valve.

Figure 7. Candona candida (Mller, 1776)Mersinli Hill Section, M-6, Early-LatePannonian-Pontian.Left valve, external.

Figure 8. Cyprinotus salinus Brady, 1886.BehramlÝ Section, BE-18, Late Panno-nian.Left valve, external.

LEVHA 3

Þekil 1. Candona neglecta (Sars, 1888)Poyraztepe Kesiti, PT-5, Erken-GePannoniyen-Ponsiyen.Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.

Þekil 2-4. Candona parallela pannonicaZalanyi, 1959BehramlÝ Kesiti, BE-4, Orta-Ge Pan-noniyen-Ponsiyen.

2. Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.3. SaÛ kapak, dÝß grnm.4. SaÛ kapak, sÝrt grnm.

Þekil 5, 6. Candona sp.Tersane Kesiti, TER-2, Orta Pan-noniyen.

5. Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.6. Kabuk, saÛ kapak grnm.

Þekil 7. Candona candida (Mller, 1776)Mersinli Tepe Kesiti, M-6, Erken-GePannoniyen-Ponsiyen.Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.

Þekil 8. Cyprinotus salinus Brady, 1886.BehramlÝ Kesiti, BE-18, Ge Pan-noniyen.Sol kapak, dÝß grnm.

186 Yerbilimleri


PLATE / LEVHA 3

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