RDE Familia e Sociedade Tema 01

8/19/2019 RDE Familia e Sociedade Tema 01

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VL]JHVL MJ JR]ZML

Bursl? Rjrvhél Rlbhan

Rèrhj? 1ª

Mhsbhpnhda? Eaghnha J Rlbhjmamj

Srlejsslr JAM? Ga. Ada Nÿbha Agjrhbl Adtldhl

]jga? ]jga 31? Eaghnha j Sarjdtjsbl ? Bldbjpéújs Rlbhlbunturahs abjrba ma HdsthtuhéâlEaghnhar

Bldtjÿml? Elrgaéâl j papjn slbhan ma Eagçnha.

A Eagçnha da slbhjmamj bldtjgplrædja.

]radselrgaéújs slbhahs j jbldýghbas? hgpabtls da jstrutura jlriadhzaéâl ma eagçnha.

Vltjhrl ml]jga 1

Bldbjhtls Hdhbhahs Eagçnha j Sarjdtjsbl? Bldbjpéújs Rlbhlbunturahs abjrba maHdsthtuhéâl Eaghnhar

Jstj tjga mjvj plsshfhnhtar quj vlbï adanhsj?

• A Eagçnha jdquadtl hdsthtuhéâl

• A eudéâl ma eagçnha da jstrutura ma slbhjmamj

• ]radselrgaéâl ma Eagçnha das ÿnthgas mèbamas<

• Ls hgpabtls slbhahs j jbldýghbls da jstrutura ma hdsthtuhéâl eaghnhar

Mjehdhéâl 1 (Aurènhl)?

Sjsslas aparjdtamas quj vhvjg, ijrangjdtj da gjsga basa, parthbunargjdtj lpah, a gâj j ls ehn`ls. 6. Sjsslas ml gjsgl sadiuj. 2. Lrhijg, asbjdmïdbha...Eagçnha jnjgjdtar lu eagçnha dubnjar. A quj è bldsthtuçma pjnl basan j sjusehn`ls.

Mjehdhéâl 6 (Sèrshl Radtls mj Lnhvjhra)?

Srhgjhrl irupl slbhan a quj pjrtjdbjgls; è uga hdsthtuhéâl slbhanbldsthtuçma pjnl bldoudtl mj pjsslas udhmas plr vçdbunls mj parjdtjsbl jbldsadiuhdhmamj.

• A Slnçthba Dabhldan mj Asshstïdbha Rlbhan mj 633= rjbld`jbj quj „aeagçnha, hdmjpjdmjdtj mj sju elrgatl, è a gjmhamlra mas rjnaéújs jdtrjls suojhtls j a blnjthvhmamj j ijramlra mj glmanhmamjs blgudhtárhas mjvhma‗.

• para l HFIJ, a mjehdhéâl mj eagçnha è? „Bldoudtl mj pjsslas nhiamasplr naéls mj parjdtjsbl, mjpjdmïdbha mlgèsthba lu dlrgas mj


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bldvhvïdbha, tlmls rjshmjdtjs da gjsga basa‗;

• L Jstatutl ma Brhadéa j ml Amlnjsbjdtj - JBA (Njh 8.358 mj 1883), jgsju Art. =¿, das mhsplshéújs prjnhghdarjs, jnjdba a eagçnha blgl lprhgjhrl mls phnarjs slbhahs a tjr rjspldsafhnhmamj j mjvjrjs oudtl ãbrhadéa j al amlnjsbjdtj;

VJENJPÚJR BLDBJH]ZAHR

• EAGÇNHA? lrhihda-sj jthglnlihbagjdtj ml tjrgl „eagunus‗, qujshidhehba sjrvl lu jsbravl, suijrhdml quj sj dlgjava asshg l bldoudtlmj jsbravls lu brhamls mj uga gjsga pjssla;

• a gun`jr lfjmjbha sju blgpad`jhrl blgl sj elssj sju prlprhjtárhl jmldl;

• Ls ehn`ls pjrtjdbhag a sjus pahs, a qujg mjvhag suas vhmas j, plrbldsjiuhdtj, jssjs sj ouniavag blg tltan mhrjhtl slfrj jnas;

BLDBJH]LR FÁRHBLR

• a panavra eagçnha è tâl blgugjdtj usama quj sj tlrda djbjssárhluthnhzá-na blg prjbhsâl al jstumar a slbhjmamj?

• eagçnha dubnjar 7 uga udhmamj blgplsta plr ug garhml, uga jsplsaj sjus ehn`ls;

• eagçnha bldsadiuçdja7 a eagçnha mj parjdtjs pjnl sadiuj;

• parjdtjsbl 7 l pamrâl mj rjnaéújs rjsuntadtjs ml mjsjdvlnvhgjdtl maseagçnhas dubnjar j bldsadiuçdjas;

• gldliagha 7 basagjdtl mj ug `lgjg blg uga gun`jr;

• plnhiagha 7 basagjdtl blg gahs mj muas pjsslas;

• eagçnha patrharban 7 l pah blgl ehiura mlghdadtj;

• eagçnha gatrharban 7 a gâj blgl ehiura mlghdadtj.

•

Eagçnha da Adthiuhmamj A bldehiuraéâl mj eagçnha, dl sjusurihgjdtl, jstá atrjnama al basagjdtl gldliæghbl,`jtjrlssjxuan, al glmjnl patrharban j ã prlprhjmamj prhvama.

• Eagçnha da Hmamj Gèmha

• A eagçnha jxhstjdtj da Hmamj Gèmha, sèbunls PHU j PU, jstá hgprjidamamj aéújs pÿfnhbas.

• @á uga jxtjrhlrhzaéâl mas athvhmamjs j ma vhma.

• Glmjnls mj jstrutura eaghnhar

•

eagçnha furiujsa;


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• eagçnha arhstlbráthba;

• eagçnha bagpldjsa;

• eagçnha ma bnassj trafanàmlra

• EZDÉÚJR MA EAGÇNHA

• VJIZNAÉÂL RJPZAN;

• VJSVLMZÉÂL;

• RLBHANH_AÉÂL;

• AEJ]L;

•

SVL]JÉÂL;• JBLDÝGHBA;

• JMZBAÉÂL ELVGAN .

• EAGÇNHA @LOJ

• Zga slbhjmamj bldsthtuçma mj pjsslas quj elrgag naéls aejthvlsjdtrj sh? pah, gâj, ehn`ls, ls quahs sj asslbhag plrquj blgparthnàg mlgjsgl agfhjdtj, buntura, vanlrjs èthbls quj dlrtjhag a `hstlrhbhmamjmjsta slbhjmamj.

Eagçnha j Sarjdtjsbl? Bldbjpéújs Rlbhlbunturahs abjrba ma Hdsthtuhéâl Eaghnhar

Slmj sjr quj para aniuds àoa a ausïdbha mj Eagçnha blgl rjejrïdbha, lu paralutrls jsta rjejrïdbha sjoa mhejrjdtj ml quj sj jstá ablstugaml a vjr, l eatl èquj l glmjnl hmjan ‒ lu hmjanhzaml ‒ ml quj è uga eagçnha sjgprj jstará ná. Dlbasl ma slbhjmamj lbhmjdtan, tjg-sj? l Sah, a Gâj, ls hrgâls, ls thls, ls prhgls.Fasta pjriudtar slfrj sjus parjdtjs j sjrá jsta rjnaéâl `hstlrhbagjdtjbldslnhmama quj bjrtagjdtj sjrvhrá mj jxjgpnl. Zga qujstâl rjenjxhva sjhgpúj? elh sjgprj asshg<

Rj quhsjr pjdsar brhthbagjdtj, a eagçnha bldtjgplrædja hdsjrhma jg ugaslbhjmamj baphtanhsta djlnhfjran, jg ug paçs sufmjsjdvlnvhml suojhtl ãs „njhs‗ ml

gjrbaml hdtjrdabhldan, `á quj, adtjs mj tuml, blgprjjdmjr ls eudmagjdtls maEagçnha jdquadtl hdsthtuhéâl.

A Eagçnha bldsthtuh-sj l bjrdj mas rjnaéújs slbhahs, dâl sj jstá eanadml slf ugapjrspjbthva glranhsta, pjdsa-sj da eagçnha blgl eldtj ma jstrutura mjparjdtjsbl, djbjssárha para quj a hdtjraéâl slbhan sjoa plssçvjn. Râl oustagjdtjas hdtjraéújs slbhahs bldslnhmamas `hstlrhbagjdtj quj sj bldsthtujg blgl fasjmls prlbjssls mj slbhanhzaéâl.

È pjnl bldvçvhl slbhan quj ls hdmhvçmuls sj glnmag j a pjrtjdbjr als irupls,tlrdadml-sj asshg suojhtls slbhahs. Jstj prlbjssl quj sj bàga mj slbhanhzaéâlplsshfhnhta a jxhstïdbha mas lriadhzaéújs slbhahs, hdsthtuhmlras mj rjiras, njhs,dlrgas j bldmutas blguds, blgparthnàmas jdtrj ls hdmhvçmuls, a jstas


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lriadhzaéújs má-sj l dlgj mj irupls slbhahs.

Murk`jhg (1892), slbhònlil ml ehdan ml sèbunl PHP, mjehdj l prlbjssl mj

slbhanhzaéâl j elrgaéâl mls irupls slbhahs, mhzjdml quj para quj jxhstag èdjbjssárhl quj as bldsbhïdbhas jstjoag asslbhamas j blgfhdamas mj ugagadjhra quj sjoa jsta gjsga blgfhdaéâl a jxpnhbaéâl ma jxhstïdbha ml iruplslbhan. Jnj bldthdua, bldbnuhdml quj ls hdmhvçmuls, al sj airjiarjg j eudmhrjg-sj slf as gjsgas dlrgas, mâl lrhijg a uga dlva jspèbhj, ug sjr slbhan,sjdml asshg, a hdmhvhmuanhmamj mj bama sjr jstá garbama pjnl irupl, j lhdmhvçmul aij mj elrga fjg mhejrjdtj ml quj aihrha sj dâl pjrtjdbjssj aqujnjirupl, sj jsthvjssj hslnaml.

Murk`jhg (1892), slbhònlil ml ehdan ml sèbunl PHP, mjehdj l prlbjssl mjslbhanhzaéâl j elrgaéâl mls irupls slbhahs, mhzjdml quj para quj jxhstag èdjbjssárhl quj as bldsbhïdbhas jstjoag asslbhamas j blgfhdamas mj uga

gadjhra quj sjoa jsta gjsga blgfhdaéâl a jxpnhbaéâl ma jxhstïdbha ml iruplslbhan. Jnj bldthdua, bldbnuhdml quj ls hdmhvçmuls, al sj airjiarjg j eudmhrjg-sj slf as gjsgas dlrgas, mâl lrhijg a uga dlva jspèbhj, ug sjr slbhan,sjdml asshg, a hdmhvhmuanhmamj mj bama sjr jstá garbama pjnl irupl, j lhdmhvçmul aij mj elrga fjg mhejrjdtj ml quj aihrha sj dâl pjrtjdbjssj aqujnjirupl, sj jsthvjssj hslnaml.

As adánhsjs slbhlnòihbas j adtrlplnòihbas vâl anèg mhssl. Ulbï safha quj parajstas bhïdbhas a eagçnha è a jstrutura gahs eudmagjdtan mj quanqujr slbhjmamj,plhs jna jxhstj jg tlmas as slbhjmamjs ùgadas. Slr gahs mhejrjdtj quj ugaslbhjmamj plssa sjr ma dlssa, jna bjrtagjdtj plssuh ug thpl mj lriadhzaéâleaghnhar.

Sara hdhbhar jsta bldvjrsa tâl hgplrtadtj, vlbï vjrá ailra a bldbjpéâladtrlplnòihba mj eagçnha. È blgug bàgar ls eaghnharjs mj parjdtjs, hssl lblrrjplrquj, da slbhjmamj frashnjhra as rjnaéújs eaghnharjs jstâl pautamas pjnlparjdtjsbl mhrjtl mj bldsadiuhdhmamj. Rjrá quj para tlmas as slbhjmamjslblrrj ma gjsga elrga, l parjdtj è sjgprj aqujnj nhiaml „pjnl sadiuj‗< AEagçnha sjrha elrgama sjgprj plr pjsslas gahs pròxhgas da rjnaéâlbldsadiuçdja.

A rjsplsta ma adtrlplnliha è dâl. Djg tlmas as slbhjmamjs mjehdjg ls naélseaghnharjs pjna rjnaéâl mhrjta mj bldsadiuhdhmamj. L adtrlpònlil eradbïs, Nèvh-Rtrauss (1895), jstumhlsl mas rjnaéújs mj parjdtjsbl, aehrga quj a lrhijg mjtlmas as slbhjmamjs jstá oustagjdtj da gadjhra blgl jstrutura suas rjnaéújsmj parjdtjsbl, jg quanqujr slbhjmamj `á sjgprj aniuèg quj è prlhfhml para

aniuèg ‒ prlhfhéâl ml hdbjstl ‒ j jsta rjira varha mj slbhjmamj para slbhjmamj,l quj dâl varha è quj sjgprj àvjrá gun`jrjs quj sâl prlhfhmas.

Dl basl ma slbhjmamj frashnjhra, plr jxjgpnl, as gun`jrjs prlhfhmas sâl a gâj,a hrgâ j a tha. Jg lutras slbhjmamjs a prlhfhéâl lblrrj para lutras gun`jrjs, `áslbhjmamjs jg quj a hrgâ prhgliïdhta è prlhfhma, gas as mjgahs dâl l sâl.

È asshg quj l autlr glstra blgl as jstruturas mj parjdtjsbl ‒ a prlhfhéâl mlhdbjstl ‒ mjehdjg as rjiras ml basagjdtl j ma trlba mj gun`jrjs jg uga mamaslbhjmamj, mjssa elrga, ls `lgjds, dâl plmjdml basar-sj blg as gun`jrjsprlhfhmas, hrâl jg fusba mj lutras gun`jrjs, elréadml ls irupls a sjrjnabhldarjg blg lutrls j, dl dÿbnjl mas rjnaéújs mj parjdtjsbl,jstafjnjbjdml naéls slbhahs rjspldsávjhs pjna lrhijg ma eagçnha.

Buhmaml! Dâl bldeudma parjdtjsbl blg eagçnha? l prhgjhrl è ug shstjga mjdlrgas quj mjehdj as nhdàs mj bldsadiuhdhmamj, jdquadtl a eagçnha mhz rjspjhtl


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als naéls hmjdthtárhls j aejthvls quj sj bldstrljg jg ug irupl slbhan.

A Eagçnha jstá anhbjréama das rjnaéújs mj parjdtjsbl, j oustagjdtj plr hssl as

rjnaéújs j papèhs quj sj mjsjdvlnvjg jg sju hdtjrhlr plssujg rjiunarhmamj,hssl shidhehba quj as rjnaéújs slbhahs quj sj jstafjnjbjg jg uga mama eagçnhasjrvjg mj glmjnl para lutras eagçnhas, jg uga gjsga slbhjmamj. Lu sjoa, sjrpah, gâj, thl, hrgâl, prhgl (papjn slbhan) sjiuj ls gjsgls prhdbçphls vánhmlspara tlma a slbhjmamj jg parthbunar. Ls vanlrjs j dlrgas hdblrplramlsbldslnhmag-sj jg bldmutas pjrgadjdtjs quj slfrjvhvjg muradtj ijraéújs.

As hdsthtuhéújs tïg plr barabtjrçsthba lfojthvls j eudéújs jspjbçehbas, a Eagçnha,blgl oá sj vjrhehblu plssuh blgl uga mj suas eudéújs bldtrlnar a „trlba‗ mjgun`jrjs jg uga slbhjmamj, asshg blgl rjiunagjdtar l blgplrtagjdtlsjxuan a parthr mas rjnaéújs mj parjdtjsbl (blg qujg sj plmj lu dâl tjrrjnaéújs sjxuahs). Blgl hdsthtuhéâl a Eagçnha è tagfèg rjspldsávjn pjnaslbhanhzaéâl j hdtjrdanhzaéâl mj vanlrjs slbhahs, prlglvjdml a bljsâl j a

rjnaéâl hmjdthtárha djbjssárha ã elrgaéâl mj quanqujr slbhjmamjLutrl papjn slbhan hgplrtadtj ma Eagçnha j eudmagjdtan para a slfrjvhvïdbhatadtl ml pròprhl irupl slbhan quadtl ma Rlbhjmamj blgl ug tlml è l marjprlmuéâl, „sufsthtuhdml‗ ‒ plr asshg mhzjr ‒ l bldthdijdtj plpunabhldan jiaradthdml ãs euturas ijraéújs sua jxhstïdbha. Jg ug bapçtunl amhadtj sjráaflrmama lutra eudéâl mj jxtrjga rjnjvædbha ma Eagçnha? a rjprlmuéâl gatjrhanma jxhstïdbha, plr gjhl ml trafan`l j ml bldsugl.

Zga mas prhdbhpahs eudéújs slbhahs ma eagçnha è aehadéar a „slfrjvhvïdbha‗mjgliráehba mj uga slbhjmamj, blg a rjplshéâl mj hdmhvçmuls quj iaradthrâl apjrjdhmamj ma gjsga. „A Eagçnha [...W è jg sh gjsga uga gldarquha patjrda,uga slbhjmamj mj nhd`aijg quj iaradtj a jstafhnhmamj, a muraéâl, a

bldthduhmamj‗ (SJVVL], G., 1881).È a Eagçnha qujg prlplrbhlda ls prlbjssls mj slbhanhzaéâl, hdtjrdanhzadml jgsjus suojhtls ls glmls mj aihr j pjdsar `hstlrhbagjdtj bldsthtuçmls, ls papèhsslbhahs, a `hjrarquha slbhan, a rjnaéâl blg a prlprhjmamj j blg l Jstaml sâlprhgjhragjdtj bldstruçmas dl hdtjrhlr ma Eagçnha.

A jxpjrhïdbha blthmhada passa pjna Eagçnha. Aehdan mj bldtas, qujg jdshdlu avlbï blgl sj blgplrtar< Quadtas vjzjs vlbï luvhu bldsjn`ls mj pahs, gâjs,thls, thas, avýs, avòs lu qujg qujr quj sjoa sju rjejrjdbhan eaghnhar (shg, plhsjxhstj pah-avý, tha-gâj, vhzhd`l-hrgâl jtb.)< È djsta bldvhvïdbha prhvama quj lsprhdbhpahs tòphbls sâl jnaflramls? jmubaéâl, sjxl, glran, tuml passa, mj ugaelrga lu mj lutra plr jsta Hdsthtuhéâl, plr jssj prhgjhrl irupl slbhan!

Anèg mas apldtamas adtjrhlrgjdtj, a Eagçnha plssuh ahdma hdÿgjras eudéújs,dâl gjdls hgplrtadtjs.

A hdsthtuhéâl eaghnhar plssuh ug hgplrtadtj papjn slbhan daquhnl quj sjrjnabhlda blg a jstrutura slbhljbldýghba, è a Eagçnha quj, sj dâl mjtjrghda,pjnl gjdls bldmhbhlda l status slbhan ml suojhtl quj a jna pjrtjdbj. L BaphtanRlbhan, Jbldýghbl j Bunturan (FLZVMHJZ; 6330) sâl uga `jradéa eaghnhar, jssabldehiuraéâl hdhbhan sjrá rjspldsávjn jg iradmj partj pjnas rjnaéújs slbhahs jaquhshéújs gatjrhahs j shgfònhbas euturas. A bldmhéâl hdhbhan ma eagçnha jgmjtjrghdama bnassj slbhan lejrjbj ug njquj mj plsshfhnhmamjs amjquaml ãplshéâl quj jsta lbupa da slbhjmamj blgl ug tlml. Bjrtagjdtj jstj quamrldâl è hgutávjn, gas è quasj hgpjrgjávjn, apjsar ma hmjlnliha furiujsa mlsvanlrjs hdmhvhmuahs, ml „agjrhbad way le nhej‗, mhzjr l bldtrárhl? a plshéâl

prhgjhra (iaradthma pjnl status eaghnhar) tlrda gahs mheçbhn para l suojhtl ianiarlutras plshéújs.


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• Sara gjn`lr blgprjjdmjr j apjrejhélar sju bld`jbhgjdtl slfrj l tjga

rjenhta a Njhtura Blgpnjgjdtar quj sj aprjsjdta dl SN] 659, SlnçthbaRlbhan, Eagçnha j Ouvjdtumj, mls autlrjs Ghldj Aplnhdárhl Ranjs, GaurçnhlBastrl mj Gatls j Garha Brhsthda Njan, jmhtlra Blrtjz, 6313. Sjrbjfadjsta Njhtura Blgpnjgjdtar l papjn mls jmubamlrjs mhadtj

• Eaéa a Njhtura Lfrhiatòrha „Eagçnha j Sarjdtjsbl? BldbjpéújsRlbhlbunturahs abjrba ma Hdsthtuhéâl Eaghnhar ‗ blrrjspldmjdtj al ]jga 1ml sju Bamjrdl mj Athvhmamjs..

• Vjanhzj as athvhmamjs prlplstas dl Bamjrdl mj Athvhmamjs para l ]jga1? „Eagçnha j Sarjdtjsbl? Bldbjpéújs Rlbhlbunturahs abjrba maHdsthtuhéâl Eaghnhar ‗. As athvhmamjs sâl ug vanhlsl hdstrugjdtl para qujvlbï dâl apjdas ehxj ls bldbjhtls aflrmamls pjnl tjga, gas ls

tradselrgj jg blgpjtïdbhas sònhmas da sua elrgaéâl prlehsshldan.Fhfnhliraeha Fáshba

GA]LR, Ranjs (lri.). Slnçthba Rlbhan, eagçnha j ouvjdtumj ? Zga qujstâl mj mhrjhtls. 5ª jm. Râl Saunl?Blrtjz, 6313.

Fhfnhliraeha Blgpnjgjdtar

NÈUH-R]VAZRR, Bnaumj. As Jstruturas Jnjgjdtarjs ml Sarjdtjsbl . Ulzjs? Râl Saunl, 1895.

JDIJNR. E. A Lrhijg ma Eagçnha, ma Srlprhjmamj Srhvama j ml Jstaml. Fjrtradm Frashn? Râl Saunl,

188:.

VLZRRJAZ, Ojad-Oabqujs. Mhsbursl slfrj a lrhijg j ls eudmagjdtls ma mjshiuanmamj jdtrj ls

`lgjds . Râl Saunl? Garthds Eldtjs, 1888.

FLZVMHJZ. Jsbrhtls mj jmubaéâl. Sjtròplnhs? Ulzjs, 1888.

BAVUAN@L, Hdahá Garha Glrjhra mj; ANGJHMA, Saunl @jdrhquj. Eagçnha j Srltjéâl Rlbhan. Hd? Râl

Saunl jg Sjrspjbthva , 19 (6)? 138-166, 6332.

SJVVL], Ghb`jnj. „Ls Atlrjs‗. Hd? @hstòrha ma vhma Srhvama? ma Vjvlnuéâl Eradbjsa ã Srhgjhra

Iujrra. vln. =; Bha mas Njtras? Râl Saunl, 1881.

Asshsta al vçmjl?Jdtrjvhsta? A Srltjéâl Rlbhan ma Eagçnha. Mhspldçvjn jg?

>`ttp?//www.ylutufj.blg/watb`

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RDE Familia e Sociedade Tema 01