Upload
vanderlei-de-souza
View
213
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
1/16
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
221:13
RESUMOESTE ARTIGO SE DEDICA À ANÁLISE DO MOVIMENTO DE”PATOLOGIZAÇÃO” DO C RI MI NO SO POR U MA LEI TU RA HIS TÓ RIC A
DO IMPACTO DO ”C I EN T I FI C IS M O C E REB RAL” N A ESFERACRIMINAL. MA IS P AR T IC UL AR M EN TE, ATENTA-SE PARA ARECEPÇÃO DAS TEORIAS DE MATRIZ LOMBROSIANA PELA
CRIMINOLOGIA BRASILEIRA DO SÉCULO XIX, NA QUAL SE VÊ OMICROCOSMO D O CONFLITO DE INTER ESSES D E CL ASSES E
RAÇAS MED IAD O PEL A AUTORIDAD E MÉD ICA QUE, NA SUAC RE NÇ A C IE NT ÍF IC A (OU NA SUA FILIAÇÃO IDEOLÓGICA),PRO CU RA VA E SC LA RE CE R O S LIM IT ES E NT RE A FA LTA M ORAL E A
LOUCURA – OU OS DOIS (LOUCURA MORAL) C OM O D OE NÇ A O UCOMO PURA PERVERSIDADE – E P RO CU RAV A A PO NTA R PA RA O SJ UÍ ZE S A FO RM A C OR RE TA (CIENTÍFICA) D E S E S AN CI ON AR O UD E S E T RATA R A L OU CU RA.
PALAVRAS-CHAVEANTROPOLOGIA CRIMINAL, DOENÇA MENTAL, PATOLOGIZAÇÃO ,NIN A RODRIGUES
Cristiane Brandão Augusto e Francisco Ortega
NINA RODRIGUES E A PATOLOGIZAÇÃODO CRIME NO BRASIL
ABSTRACT
T he c urre nT w ork a im s a T perform ing a n a na ly si s of The criminals 3 paThologiaTion 4 m ov em enT by m ea ns of a
hisTorical reading of The impacT of 3 brain scienTificism 4 in The criminal sphere . m ore parTicularly , T he re i s an emphasis on The recepTion of The lombrosionism maTrix
Theories in 19 Th -cenTury brailian c riminology , in w hi ch w e c an see T he m ic rocosm s of c la sses a nd rac es
conflicTs of inTeresTs , mediaTed by The medicalauThoriTy who, in his scienTific beliefs ( or in his ideological filiaTions ), looked for illuminaTe The limiTs beT we en T he m oral f au lT a nd T he m adne ss 2 o r T he b oT h ( moral madness ) as paThology or as pure perversiTy 2a nd T ri ed T o show T he c orre cT f orm ( scienTific ) of punishing or TreaTing .
KEYWORDS
c riminal anThropology , m enTal illness ,p aThologiaTion , n ina r odrigues
NINA RODRIGUES AND THE PATHOLOGIZATION OF CRIME IN BRAZIL
INTRODUÇÃO" P> +I+ OV> >= = >. A> > > =ON> =O, >O >-== >T> , > >==, =>> = OV ON> , => V > M
> . L > =U > > = >> > , > >==> ->1
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
2/16
= =OV -S Z=[ > I => , ON> > > T = S > = >ON> , > = >T >>,> > = ON> ce')ea( =N> =>= = >ON> > > ON> >< > P = (& J., 1998; %>, 1993; D=, 1991).
!N> =, >, => >. > > @, > Z[ > > < =>ON> S >>-ON> > >, >=, > @V =>= @ =>, < @ < >= > Z/>>ON>[ W R< => > > , < > M= >= = , @ >= => >OV => > (%>=, 2006; %>, 2007). !N>
< -> >=> @ ==< >. '-, < , < >, @ OV @ > OV > =S> >> (%>=, 2006). #> , > >> =N> , > > P> +I+, => @, , = > > : >-= =, , =ON>; >> > >=; =>ON> R >=> ON> > , OV, >, . (%>, 2007).
A= @ > >> =O > P<> = OV >> > , = > >. AS > >ON> )$da( >, P =-> @ > -> > >< =>> > =>>>=> ON> .
1 O CIENTIFICISMO E A ANTROPOLOGIA CRIMINAL BRASILEIRA
!> B > > = >=> 1800. %>@ &= B>, < > > ZON>
NINA RODRIGUES E A PATOLOGIZAÇÃO DO CRIME NO BRASIL:222
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
3/16
[, >= @ 18702 => = =>< =ON> >= => ( %W = G
F=>- (< G >< > # =ON> > #>%=>). &< >= ZS < > >> >=S=@>[, W I >>=< > < @ Z=<>> => > P> Y #>, D=, . Y, \ON> =S], =, 1986).
" > =>> >> @< > = R= >= @V > > < -> , >S, > >, ON> >
. !> >> @ON> #>, ->, >, > Z >[ P > = . ">T> = > =S ZON>[, = > Z=S >P>[, =>, ==> - > Z> [ -=> > >> S> >. A >=@R= = ON> > E>, > D>, =, EON>, = , >=>, ON> > < >> T>W=> >ON>, > => > >>=-
> = >>.&= < > >>-> > >= >=> -
. !> > >, - = ON> >> P ON> > =OV =>= >< => =V , > > >, > , N> =-ON> = I E>.
A> > > L, > C= => == ->. = < > >> > >=> , < @,< , > >=> > > > => >>[), =@=> >=> > (e' , > >= > , > de+e'-(e' (Z> >> @>> =>[).
D >> >< > > =, Z => S> => , > = > P< < =S . DS >@ B> == > =>> =-, > > = > P> +I+, ON>, > , Z> , > >> >=-, =N> P > > @ P, > @ < [ (B>,
1986). " >> di#"ic$ >= = >>>, >>, >->, >, .
223:crisTiane brando augusTo e francisco orTega13
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
4/16
A >= =>, <ON> > >> , > >
> i#di+6d*$ > = >=>>T-, Z>>[ > Z>>[ < = =M > >= >, R >>= >. E ==ON> > >> =ON> > JO =. " c'i"e( (e" 'a2$ < = = @ = , >
M= > = > > > =>> >>> = > +I+, @=> L>> > S > >>, R= < = = - => => 1830 1840< (F, 2005). !N> @ =< > >>=W> > =N> =>, ==ON> T> <S > < @ => >=ON> @ > = *" !$*c$ de )$d$ g5#e'$ > ON> Y >=ON>
@N> > ( R= =ON> > => > >, > >> ( ON> P=>-=S =N> >=>= N> ).
A =ON> >> < < > =W Z>=O[ c$"%$')a"e#)ai( Y = > =ON> Y, > -> >=> == => >- > =T> > >> (> > >> , > =>, > =>, .),> > @ = >= > = @< > > > => < > >= => ON>
=, ==> Z >> >=O V >, @ < @ON> >ON> > @ > >> > >,
NINA RODRIGUES E A PATOLOGIZAÇÃO DO CRIME NO BRASIL:224
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
5/16
>, . F V =ON> = , => =>, -= : > @ > P< =N> =>, @ = =, T >ON> =[> T> = > , > >==, = >= =@= = => > > .
! >=>, > J> = > M >< @ > J> > , > >> >, >< > = ()>=- > = >< < Z [, > T> R=
= =. A> = ON> = =, @ => > OV C> C=S > #>, > == > A> A=> > , >, > =U J>,= > >> >>T> > > N> =ON> > >.
& => > =O = > ==@= > N>/==ON> @ < , <> > > P=> - >, > S>, => => >=->, >, =>= < W >> =. #==> > =ON> ON>, >, =,@ P > = N> Z>> >> R=>[? " >< > CT> 1890, >= N> Z> => =R=[? E< =>, - @ON> Z[ > >>, < > ON> Z>>[ >>. F- < =U > < ON> => H>S> > Z>->->[ S> S> Z== =>S[, > , > >, N> > > > N>, => = -S =OV > (G>< >, > ==ON> >>, =>>=> >> > >> < @ V @-N> . '>= S> @ >S W>, > =>= > > =, @=> > OV >= > -> < > > < ON> S, >=.4 R- > >= > =N> > =, > > >== < >> > =>= < > @ =-=> > >>.
#> =>, Z=R=[ > -> Z=N>[ > ON> =>< . $>=, > T,
225:crisTiane brando augusTo e francisco orTega13
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
6/16
>= P< @ JO. " >=> ON> = >
> >, =, @=> > =- < = > > > => >; > = > >=< > >=> => == T> , > = < >S >< > >.
#>= F (2005) @ > = Z>[ >ON> -=S-, < @ > > >= > =T> , >=< => >>, >; => > > > W; = > P=, > , P< =V >= > '= > JW, > = P> < >= > , >=> >> ON>> .
A =O = S > > >> = > > =S> >=> > >>, < > => == >> >> = > > =@= =N>T @=> > @ON> .
A > > > > => < > P> +I+, >=-
>, > = = T> >N>=S, @ [ > S > =ON> . &<= T => > D> #>S, > EON>.5
A>= @, =@=> = E>, E> #> C> > <=> > >=@ > > >= -, => B, =ON> E> C=S-L > = , > >=R=.!N> P =, >, @ > CT> C>> >> >= #>, => C. E =>, , > E> , =< => , >, >==R= >ON> > L>>, F GT>, R= .E > =>, ==>, V =-O = > >, ==> > O> > => J>.
2 O CRIMINÓLOGO NINA RODRIGUES< > = >= >=>ON> -> => B >% != %>. " >> >=> > L>> >
NINA RODRIGUES E A PATOLOGIZAÇÃO DO CRIME NO BRASIL:226
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
7/16
ZAT>> A=>>> C !>>-=>[. M= > A( 'aa( h*"a#a( e a 'e(%$#(abi!idade %e#a! #$ B'ai!, 1894, > S-
> = >ON> >= >< >S =-OV =S S>- < > >>=, != %> > =S> @
> >< > O> P = >>, >ON> >T > >@S > > => >>, > @, ==> > >>, =N> < > , >,
=S> < >ON>, > >> R< >ON> = OV , >=>, -, , < >>, =>< > > => =, 1894).
# >> > > => ON> >, > > >S= => < => >= @ ON>. '-, >=>, ZO =>[ > >=, >==> R= >> < @ >OV > >=< = >M=, -
, => OV > :
A> = P > < > > > =>, >> > Y >> = > > = > > >, @ >N> = >ON> = >>, = @, >= = >= > -=, P =N> N> @ >> >ON> > @ > > = ==> == = @ =O = >=R= -=, > >=> == ,> @ > > ON> O>, > @> > =- >=- == > O> > , 1894).
A > ON> > = Y > < > > > => Y >> >< > S O, >=V- > =-
=> > > > @ = . A=>>>, %>, R=
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
8/16
P > = > >> > = >ON> > >>, , =ON> > R, = < = @ < > > >=> P>.A< P @ O, > , = > =T =- = < =T = = = > >> >> @ =< => >ON> =< O> > @ = >=> OV, ==-> => P> >=< => >. " < =>ON> != %>:
... @ > < >> @ >> > ===< > = < ON> > > ON> > = > =>, @ =, >= < >, < >==>, == @ >> = > > > >= @ ',==>- = > > , > = < @, < >, >=> > >= = (%>, 1894).
A> >=> =>, > > = < >=- => S> #= =>= >=U >= < >> >, > @ > N> >>- >, N> > != %> (1894) >< = >ON> ->>>= > => = ; (2) == => >ON> > -< = , > >; (3) = >=V => >>-> > >> = > >> >= > >= = T > , < = >, @=> > - >R=, @ =< => =S < @ < O =>, > => @ >=ON> >>T =S> =N> > > @ < >> > >> >< N> > W O> =
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
9/16
< > ON>. #> >, = ->= > = > > >=R=, >
@ =N> = > > =N> < > > > >> > =N>< N>. != %>, = =>, < =>= >< > > L>>, =N> => >> > @ >=- >= > > >=> => >= >< > > > > P >S. A> >=>, @=> , >< =>>T> > >ON> , > > - = ON> >= => (=> > >>
=> > => >> =N> ) > S=> (> O > = > == >) =>>> => >. A O = (= > => >> =N> > >, > O =, = > > =>, > O >-> > %W) > >>>. " ,6 >T, >-O< > = @ @N> >= > >>= =S =. &=N>, , = ON> < < => > > < S=> >=S>:
# >> < =, > > : > >=>, @ ON>, >=, >, > = > = =>>, = =N> >, > ==> =>, > =O = =>, >> >, P > =N> >< N> >==, > => > =>>
Y, P @ >> => S=> < > <N> >=, => != %>. $=> > ,==> > > < @ > =S> =>= = > Y @ > >> Z= =>[ > >> Z> > >=R= >= =, > < < , P
=> > >>>. A =ON>, >, P @, > > <ZS> >[, >= >< < Z> >=ON>[,
229:crisTiane brando augusTo e francisco orTega13
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
10/16
Z= > => >>T>[, => >=> @ > => >. X O =>
... - >== = > > >. E >==> > P , >=> @ON> => O > > >=ON>, != %> = >< T A=U=> C>=>. A = ==, > > >> > > =O> > >> =-> > =T> > = > T> Z > R[. E< =>, V ZM=[ @ >=< = > >=-
> >ON>: ZP > S> A=>=> C>=> => > S>> > > >=-OV >>> > < @ >=>[ (%>, 1897). A A=>=> P, =N>, >< .
& T => = > V B >==- = , T = => => C, N> > ON> < >> >ON>, >== >< S ON> > < P 1880. A =ON> > >=> %=> >>> =>=ON> > >-
=> > >= >=> > > => > >= >> >. A .
$=> != %> >, > P> =>= R < >= > >. I=-, >=>, >< >> > C>=> >= = > >< . A>, =>=> = S > =O>, > @
... P < >> N> => > @ > > =>>>> > O @ >P > =
@ =< N> @ = OV (...) > =>
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
11/16
> => >> = =>> >, >
= ON> >< => >, > >>>, OV >>> => @ > = > , = >< < - >==> > > =N> >= >> > (%>, 1897).
" > . F<> @ S< => =, P> >> == > => Y, >< ==ON> > > = =. A =R= >, >= > =-, >, = OV != %>, >< >O C>=>.
E< >> >, > >, P< >= > > > Z>- => > > > , => #O . A> 5 => 1897, => B> => = > =N>= #= >, D>=> . != %> > > > > > < Z[, >
A> = => idade, > >= = 22==> > >=>= 20 25. E= > =< (...) G, 40, . E > P > @ >OV @>=< > > =>=< >=, = . < = > > => >, > =< =>
> => > WW, < AU. J = > @, > >< > >=>, =@> > ,=> > => < >=>, > >>>,\> >> = > >, >> > => = < @ => > >> ]. A> = = B> > #a)*'ea, > >>> > P = (%>, 1939).
E , @ >S =R= Z=[ =ON> Z,
231:crisTiane brando augusTo e francisco orTega13
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
12/16
< > =>
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
13/16
> =S> >T: P -> (A, 2002).
C> > >< != %>, > >=> >>>S> => P> +I+ =S> > ++ > >=>ON> A=>>> A=> #>>, J=> >, A% >>, < > >ON> =< < > => = > > >.
S, >=>, > B @ P> =N> R= > > > @ @ A=>>> C< >= < >===, >=> B. " @ > C> =S, >- = > P> +I+, -S ,@, >. !> % != %>, ' B=N>,H> C>, J=> >, < T->, => >> .E= , S> , J>N> AW>, A> "
> C>, CM=> >, E " '> B=, A=U=>>= &>P AN> #> L ('T B, J>, >= >> >, = >=> > >S =N> > < =ON> > > > > < Z> @>> > > @ > > => >< > =< (&, 2008). ! N> S, @N> =, > >> @ => >< -
>>= [ (&, 2008).R- -
, > >=ON> =ON> > @ =R= R= = >--> < > >=> =>-> < >>, >=>, > T <> >=> => => =, > = T =- .
C>==> @ 'aci$#a!idade > d$*)$'e( > S > > =@ +e'(*( W >
N> +e'(*( >>=, =N> > =ON> T > P> +I+ => >
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
14/16
= >< = @ > => , >>, > =>, > >, > =, > > >.
! P> =N> < > > B => Z>S>[ >< > ON> . ! @ => >-< < O> =>, > >V >. = >> Z>[, < => = , > => > =>, Y @ => > > >= > == , >O, = >, O = Y, < >
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
15/16
=> > > >= =, => > > , =N> T =, = => >=> > >=> >> > O> . >> < >= @ =>
= > > P => > @=> >> N> = @ CP. A > => B > > . DADOS - Re+i()a deCi5#cia( S$ciai(, %> J=>, . 45, =. 4, . 677-704, 2002.BA%%"&, %>@ &= . . A i!*()'a2$ b'a(i!ei'a e a id4ia de *#i+e'(idade. &N> #>: C>=S>; 1986. .7,109.
CA&'EL, %>. A $'de" %(i&*i)' ica: a idade de $*'$ d$ a!ie#i("$. %> J=>: G, 1978.C"%%^A, . A( i!*(e( da !ibe'dade: > != %> =>>> => B. 2. . . B=O#: = &N> F=>, 2001.DA%"!, #. M4dic$( e a((a((i#$( #a Be!!e /%$&*e. %> J=>: # ', 1991.FE%LA, L A=>=> C. Fei$(, (*$( e "a!+ad$( ($b "edida: > >, > > #> (1920-1945) '. #T-GON> < HT E>=U>, L CR= H #>, &N> #>, 2005, .169F"CAL', . " => => C>P F= (1974-1975). &N> #>: = F>=, 2002.G"FFA!, E=. Ma#ic"i$(, %'i(e( e c$#+e#)$(. 8. . &N> #>: #, 2008.ILLICH, I=. A e%'$%'ia2$ da (ade: N5"e(i( da "edici#a. 4. . &N> #>: !> F>=, 1975.%"D%IGE&, % !=. A > : A=>=> C>=> > =O>. Re+i()aB'ai!ei'a, %> J=>, , . 4, 11,12, 1897.
. A( c$!!ec)i+idade( a#$'"ae(. %> J=>: CON> B, 1939, . 89, 130, 133, 173, 173.
. A( 'aa( h*"a#a( e a 'e(%$#(abi!idade %e#a! #$ B'ai!. B: I, 1894, . 3, 8, 16, 19, 84-85,104-105.%"&E, !>. B>= >=. La#ce), =. 369, . 700-703, 2007.%"&E!BE%G, C E. C>= B>=: #, D, = D=>. Pe'(%ec)i+e i# Bi$!$g a#d Medici#e, . 49, =. 3, . 407-424, (*""e' 2006.%"&&EA, G. &. # : T > =< < =>> > #>: +++++, 1993.&CH*A%C, L . O e(%e)c*!$ da( 'aa(: cie#)i()a(, i#()i)*ie( e &*e()2$ 'acia! #$ b'a(i! ; 1870-1930. &N> #>:C> H>>=: I=P, 2002.
235:crisTiane brando augusTo e francisco orTega13
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
Av Presidente Wilson, 118Centro – 20030–020
Rio de Janeiro – RJ – Brasil
%$%@'.#+."
Cristiane Brandão Augusto
DOUTORA EM CIÊNCIAS HUMANAS E SAÚDE PELOINSTITUTO DE MEDICINA SOCIAL DA UERJ
MESTRA EM CIÊNCIAS JURÍDICO-CRIMINAIS PELAFACULDADE DE DIREITO DA UNIVERSIDADE DE COIMBRA
GRADUADA EM DIREITO PELA PUC/RJ
PROFESSORA DE
DIREITO
PENAL DA
UCAM,DO IBMEC E DA EMERJ
8/17/2019 A Patologização Do Crime Em Nina Rodrigues
16/16
NINA RODRIGUES E A PATOLOGIZAÇÃO DO CRIME NO BRASIL:236
REVISTA DIREITO GV, SÃO PAULO7(1) | P. 221-236 | JAN-JUN 2011
Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524 – 7º andar - Bloco DMaracanã - 20559-900
Rio de Janeiro - RJ – Brasil
&/%'!@0*.#+."
Francisco Ortega
DOUTOR EM FILOSOFIA PELA UNIVERSIDADE DE BIELEFELD
GRADUADO EM FILOSOFIA PELA UNIVERSIDADECOMPLUTENSE DE MADRID