CULTURAL RECOMMENDATIONS - Selecta One · 1st–3rd week: heating (average day temperature): 19 C d+n, ventilation temperature: 22–24 C from 4th week: heating (average night temperature):

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CULTURAL RECOMMENDATIONS

In General 2

Selecta ClassicsCalibrachoa 2

Dianthus 3

Impatiens 5

Osteospermum 6

Geraniums 7

Petunia 14

Verbena 15

Selecta Bedding PlantsBegonia 16

Dahlia 17

Mandevilla 18

Bed and Balcony Plants 19

Cold cultivation 20

21

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Trixi® 22

Selecta PerennialsGentiana 23

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IN GENERALThe following recommendations are based on results of our own trials, results of official trial stations and comments out of the praxis. The details may differ according to the place, time of the year and the variety cultivated. We cannot accept any responsibility for the correctness of this information. If you have any questions, our sales team will be pleased to help you.Please pay attention with the pest and desease indications to the current publications of the local plant protection authorities and the instructions for the use of the individual active materials. Approvals for Germany have been checked (status: March 2014). We recommendthat any P&D controls should be carried out in the morning so that the plants can dry out until the evening. Selecta likes to promote an environmental friendly and healthy way of growing bedding plants. We therefore respect the legislation of the different European countriesconcerning the use of growth regulators. As there have been a lot of changes in the rules and laws in the last years, we recommend to consult the national department of agriculture to check the latest updates in this matter.

CALIBRACHOA CULTIVARS

POTTING & SPACINGPot (10.5 –12 cm): week 5 –12 30 – 50 pots per sqmBasket (25 cm): week 2– 9 3 plants per basket

SUBSTRATEThe compost should have a high structural stability and a high air volume, preferably petunia soilTIP: pH should be 5 – 5.5

FERTILIZERTIP: Note that this plant requires a lot of feedingStart feeding not later than 2 weeks after potting. Make sure that the plants are given enough Fe.• Complete fertilizers 18-10-18-2• watering feed 0.1– 0.12%, 1– 2 x week• intermitted feed 0.2– 0.3%, 1– 2 x weekAdvice: Keep the substrate at a pH of 5 – 5.5 so that Fe can be absorbed. In case of hard carbonate water, use acid orientated fertilizer(e.g. be aware of &% Ammonium when N is given).

TEMPERATURE1st– 3rd week: heating (average day temperature): 19 °C d+n, ventilation temperature: 22– 24 °Cfrom 4th week: heating (average night temperature): 16 °C d+n, ventilation temperature: 19 – 21 °C

COOL MORNINGStart to use when shoots have reached the rim of the potLower the temperature at sunrise to 8 –10 °C for one hourWhen you use Cool Morning you do not need any growth retardants

WATERCalibrachoa are sensitive to water loggingTIP: Keep the plants evenly moist

LIGHTCalibrachoa need a lot of light. Shade delays the flowers and stops the growth of the plantOnly use shading when growth retardants or chemical treatmants are used

PINCHINGOne week after potting, when shoots reached about 3 cm. In case needed it can be done again until 8 weeks before sale

P&D CONTROLPay particular attention to infestation with aphids! Spray application of Dazide Enhance 0.3-0.5% as needed.

2 Please pay attention to the indications and the publications of the local plant protection authorities and advisory services.

SELECTA CLASSICS

DIANTHUS CARYOPHYLLUS AND DIANTHUS CULTIVARSAlso available as cool & easy (cultivation described on page 21)

Recommendations for standard cultivation

POTTING AND SPACINGSize of pot 9 –10 cm: week 2– 8 60 –70 pots/m2

SUBSTRATESubstrate T, 10% clay, 10% perlite/styromull

FERTILIZERTIP: starting from the 4th week it is recommended to fertilise with 0.1– 0.2% multi-nutrient fertilizer containing plenty of K

(e.g. Flory 2 spezial)

TEMPERATURE1st – 4th week: heating (average day temperature): 18 °C d + n, ventilation temperature: 20 – 22 °C

from 5th week: heating (average night temperature): 14 °C d + n, ventilation temperature: 16 –18 °C

COOL MORNINGStart to use when shoots have reached a length of 4 cm, lower the temperature to 4 °C at sunrise, use for one hour.

WATERCultivate on the dry side and avoid allowing the plants to stand in restwater

LIGHTThese plants need a lot of light > induction light from the middle of February is recommended for early flowering,

lengthen the hours of daylight with assimilation light (3 – 4000 lx) for 2– 3 weeks

PINCHINGRecommendation for the hardy garden carnation Diantica®: Second pinching 4 weeks after first pinching

P&D CONTROLRust: Dithane DG New Tec, Ortiva 10ml/a; Alternaria: Ortiva 10ml/a, Score 10 WG 4ml/a, Signum 15g/a; Thrips: Mesurol 500 SC, Vertimec

0.05%, Conserve 0.075%; Red spider: Vertimec 0.025%; Aphids: Admire, Confidor

PLAN FOR CULTIVATION OF POT CARNATIONS AT NORMAL TEMPARTURE pot potting pinching cultivation flowering

T10 week 6 week 8 weeks 11–18 week 1818 °C 14 °C

T25/3 plants week 4 week 6 weeks 9 –18 week 1818 °C 14 °C

Cultivation at low temperaturealso available as cool & easy (for description see page 21)

POTTING AND SPACINGSize of pot 9 –10 cm: week 36 – 46 60 –70 pots/m2

3All recommendations are made with regard to our and official trials as well as indications from growers. We cannot accept any responsibility for correctness of this information. All information differs depending on place, year and variety.

SUBSTRATEStandard substrate T, 10% clay, 10% perlite/styromull

FERTILIZERTIP: starting from week 4 it is recommended to use 0.1– 0.2% of a multi-nutrient fertilizer containing plenty of K (e.g. Flory 2 special)

TEMPERATURE• Week 1– 4: heating 16 °C, ventilation 18 – 20 °C• Week 5 – 8: heating 12 °C, ventilation 14 –16 °C• After wk 8 gradually lower the temperature to 4 – 6 °C, the cooling phase can be kept 8 weeks before sale;

Ventilation: goes down in same degrees as heating, but always 2– 4 °C higher then the heating temperature• Depending on the sales date: raise the heating temperature back up to 14 °C, ventilation temperature: 16 °C

COOL MORNINGStart to use cool morning at the beginning of the growing/flowering phase (after the cooling phase), lower the temperature to 4 °C fromsunrise, do this for one hour. When you use Cool Morning you do not need to use any further growth retardants.

WATERCultivate on the dry side. Avoid allowing the plants to stand in restwater.

LIGHTThese plants need a lot of light

PINCHINGRecommendation for the hardy garden carnation Diantica®: Second pinching 8-10 weeks after first pinching

P&D CONTROLRust: Dithane DG New Tec, Ortiva 10ml/a; Alternaria: Ortiva 10ml/a, Score 10 WG 4ml/a, Signum 15g/a; Thrips: Mesurol 500 SC, Vertimec0.05%, Conserve 0.075%; Red spider: Vertimec 0.025%; Aphids: Admire, Confidor

PLAN FOR COLD CULTIVATION OF POT CARNATIONSpotting pinching cultivation flower

week 43 45 48 – 51 52–7 8 –14 14temperature 18 °C 16 °C 12 °C 4 – 6 °C 12–15 °C


IMPATIENS NEW GUINEA GRP.

PREPARATION

TIP: Do not leave young plants in the box for too long

• Young plants should be potted as quickly as possible

• Water dry plants before potting

• plants are usually potted in a 11 cm and 12 cm pot. For small plants, 9 cm and 10 cm pots can also be used.

• The potting date is related to the date of sale

• 25 – 30 plants/sqm in case of a 11 cm and a 12 cm pots

• The density of the plants depends on the season, the variety and purpose of the cultivation

TIP: Avoid putting the plants too close together as Impatiens New Guinea tend to stretch.

SUBSTRATE• substrate with a high air/water capacity but still a good drainage

• substrate which contain clay have a good buffering, easy rerooting and a stable pH

• A pH. A pH of 5.8 – 6.5 is desirable for an optimum supply of nutrients

FERTILIZER

TIP: as it is a fast crop do not use depot fertilizers

• During the first 2/3 weeks: a ratio of N-P-K-Mg: 1-1-1-0.5

• During the final 1/3 weeks: a ratio of N-P-K-Mg: 1-1.5-2-1

• EC should be around 1.2, but no higher than 1.8 (LUFA). A higher EC produces more compact plants (< 1.8).

TEMPERATURE

Impatiens should be cultivated between 16 °C and 20 °C, the optimum temperature is 20 °C

• First 4 weeks of cultivation: 20 °C and then 18 °C during the day and 16 °C at night

• Ventilation should be at 2– 4 °C higher then heating

• Reaction to a negative Diff. is very strong

TIP: pay attention at the temperature at the start as too high means too much growth and too low delays the crop

WATERImpatiens New Guinea Cultivars need plenty of water

TIP: Keep the plants on the dry side during cultivation and you will have compact well branched plants. But be careful not to let them dry

out or you will have yellow leaves. When a plant dries out, it will dro p its buds and part of the leaves. Keep the plant moist in the last 2

weeks before sale.

HUMIDITY

• If the humidity is too high, the plant will become soft, the risk of Botrytis and Tarsenomid mites increases.

Cultivate with plenty of air!

• If the air is too dry (approx. 50%) this inhibits growth and leads to a higher risk of infestation with spider mites.

LIGHT

Impatiens New Guinea Cultivars needs plenty of light. Provide shade from 40 – 45 klux

P&D CONTROL

TIP: Impatiens New Guinea are sensitive to a great number of pesticides. A lot of pesticides damage the flowers and the leaves.

Pay attention to the differences in variety and always carry out a trial spray first.


OSTEOSPERMUM ECKLONISAlso available as cool & easy (cultivation described on page 21)

Recommendations for standard cultivation

POTTING & SPACINGSize of pot: 12 cm week 2– 8 25 – 30 pots per sqm

SUBSTRATEUse a growing medium with a stabil structure pH 6.0

FERTILIZERStart feeding not later than 2 weeks after potting• Interval feed 0.2– 0.3%, 1– 2x per week • Irrigation feed 0.1– 0.12%• Feeding with complete fertilizer, e.g. 18-10-18-2TIP: Salt values should not exceed an EC of 2.0

TEMPERATURE1st– 3rd week: heating (average day temperature): 18 °C d + n, ventilation temperature: 20 – 22 °Cfrom the 4th week: heating (average night temperature): 14 °C d + n, ventilation temperature: 16 –18 °C

COOL MORNINGStart after the initial growth phase; lower the temperature to 8 °C for one hour at sunrise. This creates a compact growth, a better stem quality and earlier flowering. When you use Cool Morning you do not need to use any other growth retardants.

WATERINGKeep the plants evenly moist

LIGHTThese plants need a lot of light; for early plants: provide 16 hours of light per day, 3000 Lux of assi light

PINCHING7 days after potting

P&D CONTROLThrips, white fly, aphids, leaf miner, downy mildew, alternaria

Recommendation for cultivation at low temperatures

POTTINGSize of pot: 12 cm week 40 – 50 25 – 30 pots/m2

SUBSTRATEUse a stabil substrate with a pH of approx. 6.0

FERTILIZERStart not later than 2 weeks after potting• Irrigation feed 0.1– 0.12%,• Interval feed 0.2– 0.3%, 1– 2 x /week• Feed with complete fertilizer, e.g. 18-10-18-2.TIP : Salt values should not exceed EC 2.0.


TEMPERATURE• 1st– 4th week: Heating (average day temperature): 18 – 20 °C ventilation temperature: 20 – 22 °C• When the shoots have reached a length of at least 3 cm lower the temperature to 4 – 6 °C including ventilation temperature,

but keep this always 2 °C higher than heating temperature• The cooling phase should be at least 4 weeks (better: 6 weeks) but not more then 9 weeks before sale• The growing/flowering phase: heating (average day temperature): gradually raise the temperature

to 12–14 °C / ventiliation temperature: 16 –18 °C

COOL MORNINGAfter the cooling phase you can start to use at the beginning of the growing/flowering phase cool morningLower the temperature to 8 °C for one hour at sunrise. When you use Cool Morning you do not need to use any, further growth retardants

WATERINGKeep the plants evenly moist; but keep them relatively dry during the cooling phase

LIGHTThe plants need a lot of light; for early plants: provide light for 16 hours per day during the growing/flowering phaseLengthen the hours of daylight, 3000 Lux Assi light

PINCHING7 days after potting

P&D CONTROLThrips, white fly, aphids, leaf miner, downy mildew, Alternaria

PLAN FOR CULTIVATION AT LOW TEMPERATURE Potting Pinching Cultivation Flowering

Week 43 45 47– 48 49 – 5 5 –14 14

Temp 18 °C 18 °C 14 °C 4 – 6 °C 12–14 °C

GERANIUMSRooted geranium cuttings – standard cultivationTIP: Exact planning can avoid problems!

DATE OF PURCHASE depends on many factors:• What for plant specification is required?• What type of cultivation technique will be applied?• Will the plants be repropagated?• How many m2 are to which date available?• sales period?

PREPARATIONS BEFORE THE PLANTS ARRIVETIP: fast processing and optimum conditions are essential for a good quality! Pot the cuttings immediately! If this is not possible> Open the boxes immediately after arrival in order to provide them with enough air and light> Water dry plants before potting• Prepare the growing area: disinfect with MENNO Florades or MENNO Ter forte (before using these products you should check

whether they have been approved in your country)• Provide new or clean and disinfected pots, disinfect with MENNO Ter forte or MENNO Florades (before using these products

you should check whether they have been approved for in your country)• The growing medium should be at room temperature


Exp. of cultivation for sale end of April without harvest of cutting:

Pot size Number of weeks from purchase until sale12 cm Zonals: 12–14 Ivies: 14 –1610.5 cm Zonals: 10 –12 Ivies: 12–149 cm Zonals: 8 –10 Ivies: 10 –12Unrooted cuttings that are planted directly into the pots require approx. 3 additional weeks.

SUBSTRATETIP: Regularly check the pH during longer cultivation periods as it may change depending on the growing medium and/or the hardness of the water• For hygienic reasons it is better to use industrial substrate with has a soil analysis from the manufacturer• Own soil mix can be used, but this has to be sterilised with steam. Make an soil analysis before using the soil. • Components: 15 – 25% clay is an advantage:

> better buffer > better water containance > stable pH > compacter and robuster plants• pH: TIP: a too low ph can lead to problems with zonal pelargoniums.

> peat substrate 5.6 – 6.0> clay-peat-substrate 5.8 – 6.2

FERTILIZER

TIP: Take 2– 3 soil samples at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of cultivation. Start feeding when the first roots are visible at the side of the pot, this will help towards as faster rooting. Complete fertilizer 15-10-15-2with a concentration of 0.1% in every watering. Change towards the end of the crop to a more potash accented fertilizer.

TEMPERATURE1. Rooting period, of max. 14 days

Average day temperature 18 – 20 °C (day 20 °C / night 16 °C)Ventilation temperature 22 °C

2. Main growing period:Average day temperature 16 –18 °C (day 18 °C / night 15 –16 °C)Ventilation temperature 20 °C

3. Hardening plants, approx. 14 d before sale:Due to a slight hardening vegetative growth will be stopped and the quality of the plant will be kept until sale.Average day temperature 15 °C (day 16 °C / night 14 °C)Ventilation temperature 18 °C

HUMIDITYTIP: Avoid excessive humidity in the greenhouses.

This will lead to:• nutrients not being absorbed• deficiency diseases• less growth• less transpiration• high cell pressure (turgor) leading to cell rupture• cork building, oedema• soft and puffy plants due to large cells• high risk of rot due to Botrytis; under the right circumstance Botrytis also attacks living tissue

Causes:• strongly isolated greenhouses with a energy-saving roof:

> Minimum exchange of air through joins and holes> Humidity stays in the greenhouse

• Watering of matting and sand beds > open, water-bearing surfaces emit a lot of water vapour

• Too big a difference between heating and ventilation temperatures, temperaturew falling below dew point.

Remedies: Reducing of the humidity of the air in the greenhouse by:• Covering the slabs and sand beds with anti-algae foil• Avoiding puddles under the tables


Optimal amount of nutrients in the substrate (in mg/l of substrate)

Nutrients Start of crop Middle of crop End of cropN 150 200 150 – 200P2O5 100 150 100K2O 180 200 300MgO 100 150 150

TIP:Slow release fertilizers can be used to prepare the sustrate.However, high temperatures can lead to a fast anduncontrolled release of nutrients. Meaning to excessiveamounts of salt.

• Avoid a too low drop in the temperature at night (falling below the dew point!)

• ventilate:

a) manual: open ventilation twice a day to 20% for approx. 15 minutes

b) computer: enter 80% as humidity percentage or start of dehumidification

c) ventilators cause the air to circulate

• The ventilation temperature should be no more than 4 °C above heating temperature

LIGHTGeraniums are...

> strong growth and a lot of flowering during the time of the year when there is plenty of light

> assimilation starts from 1,500 Lux

Optimal:The best assimilation use in geraniums is between 25,000 and 35,000 Lux

Shading: Only in the case of direct exposure to the sun, when pesticides or growth retardants are used

PINCHINGTIP: Late pinching will delay flowering!

1. Zonals

Most varieties in our current assortment do not require pinching as they are compact and self-branching.

Exceptions: vigorous varieties can be pinched up to a max. of 8 weeks before sale

2. Ivies

From 14 days after potting until a maximum of 9 weeks before sale. This is particularly important for the Balcon-varieties.

GROWTH REGULATIONSpray for the first time 2 weeks after potting

1. GROWTH RETARDANCE WITHOUT CHEMICALS

Why?

• Saving labor

• Chemical growth retardants can harm plants

• increasing ecological awareness among the population and with growers

Best practice:

1.1. Choice of varieties

Depending on the final product wanted, select compact, medium or vigorous varieties.

1.2. Water

Elongated growth can be reduced by working with less water

TIP: Do not let the plants become completely dry, because this causes the leaves to turn yellow and helps induction

1.3. Temperature

Negative-Diff: High day temperatures and low night temperatures result in a elongated growth

High night temperatures and low day temperatures lead to reduced elongated growth (= "neg Diff").

Day temperature: 14 °C, Night temperature: 18 °C > 4 °C difference

In addition to the advantage of reducing elongated growth, an increase in the temperature at night will prevent it

from falling below the dew point, thereby reducing the risk of Botrytis. This method is hardly used anylonger.

Cool-Morning: Strong reduction of temperature before sunrise (can be done till 2 hours before)

in order to reduce the average day temperature.

Reduction from 16 °C to 8 °C for 1 hours

This is a very useful measure in spring because it is relatively cold in the morning.

It is a more efficient and economical temperature strategy than the one mentioned above, as no additional heating needed

during the night in order to keep night temperatures higher, and very often day temperatures can not be kept as low as

necessary.


Unrooted geranium cuttings

PREPARATION• Disinfect propagation area and tools with MENNO-Ter forte or MENNO Florades (before using these products you should check

whether they have been approved for in your country).• Rooting in multi packs or pots: use only new or disinfected materials

SUBSTRATE• Use industrial propagation substrate with a pH of 5.8 – 6.2• Use substrate without fertilizers• Ensure the substrate contains enough air• At the point of sticking, the substrate should be on the temperature which is needed for propagation• Keep the substrate moist, but not wet

PROCESSING• As fast as possible, immediately after receiving the plants• Zonals should be potted first, then the Ivies. Open the box and store the cuttings at +8 °C• Stick till the first leaf pair • Water so that the young plant is firmly encased by the substrate• If it is not possible to pot the young plants immediately, open the box and keep the plants at 2– 4 °C

TEMPERATURESFloor or bench heating is required. Make sure that the plants have plenty of air!1st–12th day day and night 20 °C ventilation at 26 °C13th– 20th day day 20 °C night 18 °C ventilation at 23 °Cfrom 21st day day and night 18 °C ventilation at 21 °C

SHADINGDay 1–14 from 18,000 LuxDay 15 – 21 from 20,000 – 25,000 Lux

ASSIMILATION LIGHT This reduces the risk of Botrytis and thus the risk of cultivation. When the young plant is turgescent, normally 1 day after potting, apply 3,000 Lux.

WATERING IN ROOTING

1. SPRAY MIST:

• Use fog and do not water!• Only foging when leaves are dry up• With strong heating you need also the fog at night• One day after potting the cutting must be rigid• Cuttings which have been dehydrated for a longer period become yellow and losses have to be expected• After approx 10 days the cuttings should be hardened and grow without fog

2. ROOTING WITHOUT FOG, UNDER FLEECE

TIP: Do not cover directly with foil or fleece because the risk of Boytrytis will be high due to condensation.• After the callus has been builded (10th day), remove fleece immediately• When using a foil tunnel, the young plants have to be aired from the 4th day, at least at night.

PREVENTING BOTRYTIS & PYTHIUM• Ventilated well• After 10 days spray with Rovral WG 7g/ar can be repeated after about one week• Preventive drench on substrate and plants with Previcur N (pay attention to the manufacturer's instructions),

or Fonganil Gold.


P&D CONTROL OF GERANIUMS

TIP: The better the plants are checked, > the faster a pest can be detected,> the earlier measures can be taken,> the lesser the damage,> the more successful the control!

DiseasesXANTHOMONAS

SYMPTOMS:Leaves wilt and die, roots are usually in good condition. Stems and leaf petioles turn black, then start to rot. Zonals tend to develop blacker stems and wet rot. Ivies develon more towards dry rot.

PREVENTION:TIP: Pay attention to hygiene!• Disinfect all tools and equipment, especially when cuttings are harvested• Separate old and new plants• Avoid stress in the plants by:

– optimum ventilation (reduce humidity!)– the right temperatures– proper feeding– avoiding permanent dripping

Attention!: P. grandiflorum and capitatum can be latent carriers of Xanthomonas, even if they do not show any symptoms. The risk of rasfering the infection is big.

IN THE CASE OF INFECTION:• Plants and pots must be destroyed immediately. (Not onto compost heap!)• Thoroughly disinfect all infected places

PYTHIUM AND PHYTOPHTORA

SYMPTOMS: Wilting plants, roots and/or root collars become putrid and transparent.commercial name active substance concentration commentsPrevicur N/Proplant propamocarb 0.15% by wateringFonganil Gold metalaxyl M 0.0125 % by wateringAliette WG fosetyl 0.25% when not rooting trough and trough

0.5% in the case of well developed plants Water 9 till 12 cm pot with 2 l/m2

BOTRYTIS

TIP: The plants need air and light! Constantly check cultivation conditions, especially when the weather is dull.When needed the crop conditions need to be adapted.SYMPTOMS: Grey mouldPREVENTION: Optimise crop conditions, especially: water/light/air/temperature

commercial name active substance concentration commentsRovral WG iperdion 7 g/ar Do not use at temperatures below 12 °CSignum boscalid, pyraclostrobin 15 g/ar Could caus spray spots, could prolongate the rooting process

CORK BUILDING

PREVENT: • Optimise conditions of cultivation, especially water/light/air/temperature • In case of thrips and mites, pest control

PELARGONIUM RUSTSYMPTOMS: Yellow spots with brownish necrosis on the upper side of the leaf, reddish-brown rust spots on the

backside of the leafPREVENT: • Avoid high humidity

• ventilate well• Pots should not be placed too close together• Do not water from above• Water in the morning


CONTROL: • Destroy the plants. (Not on compost heap!)• Use fungicides

commercial name active substance concentration commentsDithane Neo Tec mancozeb 20 g/a Use if there is any risk of infectionOrtiva azoxystrobin 48 g/aScore difenoconazol 4 ml/a Max. of 3 applications

Pests

THRIPS (FRANKLINIELLA OCCIDENTALIS)

TIP: It is very important that any infection is discovered in time. Once buds are formed, thrips control becomes increasingly difficult. Check for thrips with sticky traps. One blue sticky trap per 50 m2 immediately above the plants. For biological control, use Amblyseius sp. During the propagation phase and as long as the pots are standing pot to pot, this is economical.After spacing, continue to check with blue sticky traps. If necessary, repeat use of beneficial mites or apply effective pesticides before theplants begin to flower! Zonals are in general less susceptible to thrips than Ivies. This can be considered when using mites.When using chemicals, spray three times per three to four days. Repeat this block treatment if the infection returns. To prevent resistancedifferent active materials can be used.

commercial name active substance/biolog. control Concentration CommentsConserve spinosad 15 ml/a Can be integrated into biological control measures.Mesurol methiocarb 6 ml/a Spray damage (spots) possible.Neem Azal-T/S azadirachtin 30 ml/a May damage flowers. Can be integrated into

biological control measures.Vertimec abamectin 6 ml/a

Amblyseius sp. preventative Use at intervals of 7–14 days, depending25 – 30 insects/m2 on the degree of infection.

APHIDS (AULACORTHUM AND MACROSIPHUM)

The biological control of aphids is very successfully with Aphidius colemani+ervi and Chrysoperla carnea. Chrysoperla carnea can also beused against spider mites and small caterpillars. In the case of the Aulacorthum solani and Macrosyphum euphorbiae aphids it is possible touse Praon sp. and Aphelinus abdominalis. If an infection is still small, apply one insect/m2, 1– 2 releases. Yellow sticky traps catch flyingaphids. It may be necessary to use Pirimor Granulat against Macrosiphum euphormiae and Aulacorthum solani.TIP: In the case of Aulacorthum solani, the use of beneficial insects is difficult as the aphids damage the plants rapidly. They particularly cause strong leaf deformation in the case of Ivies. Aphidius ervi is the only really effective remedy and should be used in combination with other enemies of these parasites.

commercial name active substance/biolog. control concentration commentsPlenum 50 WG pymetrozin 2.4 g/a Max. 3 applications, can be integrated into

biological control measures.Neem Azal-T/S azadirachtin 30 ml/a May damage flowers. Can be integrated

Into biological control measures.Confidor WG 70 imidacloporid 3.5 g/a Check compatibility; the use of Confidor reduces

the success of treatment with Encarsia!Mospilan acetamiprid 1.5 g/a Check compatibility: the use of Mospilan reduces

the success of treatman with Encarsia.Aphidius colemani und release 1– 2 It is best to combine both methods in orderAphidius ervi insects/m2 as a pre- to combat several types of aphids.

ventative measure or in the case of infection

Parasitic wasp 0.5 –1 insect/m2 as a At least 3 releases at 14-day intervals; in the case preventative measure of infection 1– 2 insects/m2, at least 2 releases

at 14-day intervals.Green lacewing As a preventative With eb-flood benches case larvae may

measure or with infection drown as they surch for food 40 eggs/m2 or 5 larvae/m2SPIDER MITES AND TARSONEMID MITES

TIP: Spider mites and Tarsonemid mites are also discussed with the biological thrips control! Spider mites are often overlooked with peltatum.


SPIDER MITEScommercial name active substance/biolog. control concentration comments

Amblyseius sp. 25 – 30 insects/m2, 2– 4 times at 14-day intervalsas a preventative measure

Magister 200 SC fenazaquin 15 ml/a 2 treatments at 14-day intervals or in alternation with other products

Masai tebufenpyrad 3 – 6 g/aMicula rapeseed oil 1.0 – 2.0% not mixed, Very successful when mixed with other products

0.1% if mixedMilbeknock milbemectin 5 –10 ml/a Close related to Vertimec, avoid spray spots with

VertimecNeudosan Neu green soap 180 ml/a Can be integrated into biological control measuresVertimec abamectin 6 –12 ml/a Does not cause damage to flowers

TARSONEMID MITEScommercial name active substance/biolog. control concentration commentsVertimec abamectin 6 –12 ml/a Does not damage flowers.Kiron fenpyroxamat 9 ml/a No more than 1 applicationMasai tebufenpyrad 3 – 6 g/a

Amblyseius sp. 25 – 50 insects/m2 2– 4 treatments at 1-day intervalsas a preventative measure

CATERPILLARScommercial name active substance/ biolog. control concentration commentsConserve spinosad 10 ml/a No more than 6 applications.

Steward indoxacarb 0.85 –1.7 g/a Max. of 3 applications

WHITE FLY

Biological control with Encarsia formosa is recommended. Quantity: Encarsia can be bought on stickers or stripes (cheaper). One sticker isnormally sufficient for 100 plants and contains approx. 30 Encarsia formosa. The insects have to be applied weekly immediately after potting. The number may be reduced later. However never apply fewer than 2.5 insects/m2. Check entrance of outside with yellow stickytraps (1 yellow sticky trap/100 m2).

commercial name active substance/biolog. control concentration commentsCondifor WG 70 Imidacloporid 3.5 g/a The use of Confidor reduces the success of

treatment with Encarsia

Neem Azal azadirachtin 30 ml/a May cause damage to flowers. Can be integrated into biological control measures

Neudosan Neu green soap 180 ml/a Can be integrated into biological control measures

Plenum 50 WG pymetrozin 3.6 g/a Can be integrated into biological control measures

Encarsia formosa 5 – 6 insects/m2, can be reduced later to 2.5 insects/m2

BLACK FLIES

Biological control by use of nematodes (Steinernema felitae). Since 1993 Steinernema felitae have been used often as they prey on all fourstages of the larvae. Application: spray with a nozzle of 1 mm without reflection, use clear water afterwards, so that the nematodes are flushed into the soil. Theresult can be seen after one to two days. One preventative treatment with 250,000 – 500,000 nematodes/m2. In the case of infection, re-peat treatment after 4 weeks.

commercial name active substance/ biolog. control concentration commentsDifferent product Nematodes 0.25 – 0.5 million. Preventativenames depending Steinernema insects/m2

on supplier

Typhlodromus pyri Hypoaspis 100 – 250 insects/m2 Preventative


PETUNIA CULTIVARS

POTTING & SPACINGSerie Recommended Pot Potting week m2-spacing

Bonnie T 10,5 5 –10 ca. 40Famous T 10,5 –T 13 5 –12 25 – 50Deluxe T 11–T 13 5 –13 25 – 40AlpeTunia® T 12–T 14 5 –12 12– 25Surfinia® T 10,5 –T 13 5 –12 25 – 40Sweet Sunshine® T 12–T 14 5 –12 20 – 30

SUBSTRATEThe compost should have high structural stability and a high air volume, preferably petunia soilTIP: pH should be 5 – 5.5

FERTILIZERTIP: Note that this plant requires a lot of feedingStart feeding not later then 2 weeks after potting. Make sure that the plants are given enough Fe.• Complete fertilizers 18-10-18-2 • watering feed 0.1– 0.12%, 1– 2 x per week• inermitted feed 0.2– 0.3%, 1– 2 x per weekTIP: Keep the substrate at a pH 5 – 5.5, so that Fe can be absorbed. In case of hard carbonate water, use acid orientated ferilizer (e.g. be aware of % of Ammonium when N is given).

TEMPERATURE1st– 3rd week: heating (average day temperature): 18 °C d+n, ventilation temperature: 22– 22 °CLater: heating (average night temperature): 14 °C d+n, ventilation temperature: 16 –18 °C

COOL MORNING• Start to use when shoots are 3 cm long• At sunrise lower the temperature to 8 °C for one hour • The use of Cool Morning can reduce the need of growth retardants.

WATERINGTIP: When culticating dry the growth will be compact induction will be early and there will be less growth retardants needed.And this makes it possible to place more pots per sqm.

LIGHTPetunias need a lot of light. Only use shading when growth retardants or chemical treatmants are used

PINCHINGOne week after potting

P&D CONTROLPay particular attention to aphids. Virosis can occurMildew: avoid high air humidityTIP: Attention for hygiene is essential!


VERBENA CULTIVARS

POTTING AND SPACING Size of pot: 10.5 –11 cm: weeks 4 – 8 30 – 35 pots/sqm

Baskets: weeks 2– 6 3 plants/ basket

SUBSTRATE Use P or T-substrate with an average amount of fertilizer and some clay, pH 6

FERTILIZERGeneral requirements

TEMPERATURE16 °C–18 °C for initial growing, then 14 °C

COOL MORNINGStart to use when shoots are 3 cm long. At sunrise lower the temperature to 8 °C for 1 hour. Please ask a Selecta sales

representative concerning the use of growth retardants.

WATER Keep the plants evenly moist, avoid restwater, but also do not allow the plants to become dry. A strong rooting into floor mats can

delay the flowers.

LIGHTCultivate in normal light and airy conditions

PINCHING Remove the tips once or twice after potting

P&D CONTROL Real mildew, white fly, spider mites, aphids


BEGONIA BOLIVIENSIS

POTTING & SPACING

pot 11–12 cm: week 9 –15, 25 – 30 plants/sqm

SUBSTRATE

Medium strong P- or T-substrate with added fertiliser. pH value approx. 5.8 – 6.2

FERTILISER

Average need of fertiliser, nitrogen fertilizer

TEMPERATURE

20°C for the plant to start growing in the first 2 weeks is optimum, after that 18°C. TIP: in the growth period temperature shouldn’t bebelow 14° C.

WATER

In general Begonia are grown on the dry side. Avoid cold and wet feed as it may lead to growth stop.

LIGHT

When you start the crop early in the season it is essential to have extra light. Otherwise the plants will start to form bulbs. Day length shouldbe at least 12.5 hours a day. This can be achieved with interfering light. Begonia boliviensis varieties love sun. Don’t shade!

PINCHING

Early pinching leads to a better branching. In general Begonia boliviensis varieties should only be pinched soft above the third pair of leaves.Before reaching the fifth pair of leaves. Pinching further down can lead to plant dying. Late pinching can lead to bad branching. Only onepinching 1– 2 weeks after potting is sufficient.

PEST & DISEASES

Aphids, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. begonia (Xab), mildew, pythium and Bortytis


SELECTA BEDDING PLANTS


DAHLIA CULTIVARS POTTING & SPACINGpot 12–14 cm week 8 –12 20 – 25 plants/sqm with one young plant

pot 14 –16 cm week 6 –12 15 – 20 plants/sqm with one young plant

pot 17– 20 cm week 6 –12 8 –12 plants/sqm with one young plant

SUBSTRATE• Substrate with a high air and water capacity as well as a good permeability and clay proportion.

• pH-value: 5,8 – 6,2

FERTILIZERmedium feeding, add a compound fertilizer 18-10-18-2 with an EC value of 1.5 – 2.5 at each watering

TEMPERATURE18 – 20 °C for first growing, later 14 –16 °C; Temperatures above 24 °C delay the flowers. Use ventilation for temperature of 18 – 20° C.

WATEREven watering, avoid water logged soil

LIGHT• Dahlia require a high level of light. Use shading only after giving fertilizer or PGR.

• Short day treatment with at least 14 hours at 3000-4000 lux otherwise the plant develops tuber.

PINCHINGPinching 1– 2 weeks after potting to 4 – 5 leaves.

Pinching delays the flowers 1– 2 weeks.

GROWTH REGULATIONBest way to regulate the longitudinal growth is a dry cultivation with ideal space, light and temperature conditions. Growth regulation with

Dazide Enhance (0,15-0,2 % with 7-10 l/a) as needed.

PEST & DISEASES• Look out for aphids, thrips, white fly and spider mites

• Phytophtora, Pythium, Rhizoctonia, Fusarium und Botrytis may occur

• The Dalaya varieties show a high tolerance towards mildew but powdery mildew may occur when a high intensity of infestation is given.


MANDEVILLA SANDERI POTTING & SPACINGPotting date depends on time of sales and pot size.

• Pot size T10 to T12: sales in week 18/19. 1 RC 84 per pot.

Time of potting: week 2/3, spacing: until week 12/13 approx. 50 plants/Nm², after week 12/13 approx. 25 plants/Nm²

• Pot size T13 to T15: sales in week 18/19. 2 RC 84 per pot.

Time of potting: week 51/52, spacing: until week 10/11 approx. 36 plants/Nm², after week 11 approx. 16 plants/Nm²

Don’t space too early. Microclimate helps branching.

SUBSTRATE• Optimum growth with a pH value of 5.0

• pH value below 5.0 are accepted. Don’t use a substrate with a pH value above 6.0 (causes very bad growth)

• Use a substrate with a good drainage (stable structure)

• T-substrate, it is possible to use substrates for gentians.

FERTILIZER• A regular fertilizer by irrigation with 100 – 200 ppm of a balanced NPK fertilizer with iron

• Pay attention to iron , effects intensify especially when decreasing the temperature

TEMPERATUREAll different pot sizes should be cultivated the same way until week 10.

• Potting week 1 + 2: heating temperature 22°/20 °C, ventilation temperature 24 °C.

• Potting week 3 to 10: heating temperature 18°/16 °C, ventilation temperature 20 °C

• From week 11 onwards: heating temperature 16°/14 °C, ventilation temperature 18 °C

WATERINGPay attention to water logging, plants are sensitive for this

HUMIDITY• After pinching a relative air moisture of >90% favours the branching

• Low humidity produces significantly less sideshoots

LIGHTTo root a shading of 30kLux should be used in the first week after potting. Later on no shading should be used.

PINCHINGEach pinching delays the flowering 3-4 weeks. Only top pinching should be done.

GROWTH REGULATION• The formation of ranks can be stopped by using Regalis.

• Using PGR is recommended, also for bigger pots in order to increase the quality.

• For detailed information about the concentrations and usable PGRs, please contact your sales representative.

P&D CONTROL• Pay attention to aphids, thrips, white fly and spider mites

• Phytophtora infection is generally caused through temperatures that are too low. “Wet feet” weaken the plant and can cause infections.

• Rhizoctonia, Cylindrocladium and Fusarium might occur.


genus species substrate***

pH feeding***

growth retardant

pinching irrigation*

P & D control averagetempera-ture/day***

start cultivation in spacing for10,5–12 cmpots

Bedding and balcony plants

Angelonia angustifolia II 5.5–6.2 I no need 1x 2 Thrips, White fly, Attention:Botrytis and Rhizoctonia

I week 9 30 – 36plants/m2

Argyranthemum** frutescens II 5.5–6.2 I 0.025 – 0.05% Topflor 1x(possiblewithoutpinching)

2 Aphids, Leaf miner, Redspider, Thrips, Pythium,Botrytis, Fusarium

II week 4 –12cold cultivation:week 40 – 48

30 – 36plants/m2

Asteriscus ** maritimus II 6.0 I 0.025 – 0.05% Topflor one weekafter pot-ting removethe tip sothat 5 – 6leaves remain

3 Aphids, Leaf miner, Botrytis

II week 4 –12For cold cultivation:week 40 – 48

30 – 36plants/m2

Bidens** ferulifolia II 5.5–6.2 I 0.025 – 0.05% Topflor 1– 2x 2 White fly, Leaf miner,Thrips, Mildew, Botrytis

II week 5 – 9 30 – 50plants/m2

Xerochrysum(Bracteantha)

bracteatum II 5.5–6.2 I no need, react well to Cool Morning

1x 2 Aphids, White fly, Botrytis,Real mildew

II week 5 – 9baskets 1– 4

30 – 50plants/m2

3 plants/basketCataranthus roseus II 6,0 II no 1x 2 White fly I week 3 – 9 20–30 plants/m2

Convolvulus** sabatius low in salt,II

6.0 II 0.025 – 0.05% Topflor

1x 2 Thrips, White fly, Aphids,Red spider

II week 5 – 9baskets: week 2– 6 Cold cultiva-tion: week 40 – 48

20 – 25plants/m2

3 plants/m2

Diascia Cultivars II 5.5 – 6.0 II Usually not necessary, possibly apply 0.025 –0.05% Topflor when sales size has been reached

1x 2 Apids, Thrips, White fly,Leaf miner. Attention: Virosis may occur! Combat aphids. Pay parti-cular attention to hygiene!

II week 5 – 9For baskets: week 2– 6

30 – 50plants/m2

3 – 5 plants/basket

Euphorbia hypericifolia II 5.5–6.0 II no no 2 White fly I week 5 –12 30–50 plants/m2

Felicia amelloides II 6,0 II Cool Morning 1x 2 Thrips, White fly, Aphids II week 2– 5 25–35 plants/m2

Gaura lindheimeri II 5.5 – 6.5 I, high require-mentsneed defi-nitely hig-her values

no need 2x 1 Aphids II week 4 – 9 20 – 25plants/m2

Heliotropium arborescens II 5.5–6.2 II 0.025 – 0.05% Topflor

1x 2 Aphids, White fly, Red spider, Pythium

I week 5 –12 30 – 50plants/m2

Lantana camara,monte -vidensis

II 5.5–6.2 I 0.025 – 0.05% Topflorstarting when the shootshave reached a lenght of 2cm. Only moisten plants slightly!

1– 2x 2 Aphids, White fly, Red spider, Thrips, Botrytis

II week 5 – 9 30 – 35plants/m2

Lobelia** erinus II 5.5–6.2 II Usually not necessary,spray early shoots with0.05% Topflor. Only moistplants slightly!

1– 2x 2 White fly, Thrips, Botrytis,Rhizoctonia, Pythium. Attention: Virosis and bacteria may occur! Pay particular attention to hygiene!

II week 5 – 9baskets week 2– 6Cold cultivation week 40 – 48

30 – 50plants/m2

3 – 5plants/basket

Lysimachia nummularia II 5.8 – 6.5 II no need 1x 2 Aphids II week 7–10 20–25 plants/m2

Portulaca oleraceae low in salt,II

5.5 – 6.0 II, verysensitiveto salt

no need 1x 1 Aphids I week 5 – 9 30 – 35plants/m2

Sanvitalia procum-bens

II 5.5–6.2 II Hardly necessary, particu-larly if Cool Morning isbeing used. If necessaryspray with 0.025 – 0.05%Topflor when selling sizehas been reached. Onlymoisten plants slightly!

1x (possiblewithoutpinching)

2 Watch out for root disease caused by stagnant water!

II week 5 – 9baskets week 1– 4

30 – 50plants/m2

3 – 5plants/basket

Scaevola aemula I 5.0 – 5.5 II Usually not necessary, if required spray with 0.025– 0.5% Topflor once sellingsize has been reached. Onlymoist plants slightly!

1– 2x(possiblewithoutpinching)

2 Thrips, White fly, Leaf miner, Botrytis, Verticillium, Pythium, Rhizoctonia.

II week 5 –12baskets week 1– 4

20 – 25plants/m2

3 plants/basket

Sutera grandiflora II 5.5–6.2 II Usually not necessary, parti-cularly not if Cool Morning isbeing used, if required spraywith 0.025–0.05% Topflorwhen selling size has beenreached. Only moistenplants slightly!

1x 2 Thrips, White fly, Botrytis,Pythium, Rhizoctonia

II week 5 – 9baskets week 1– 4

30 – 35plants/m2

3 – 5 plants/m2

SELECTA BEDDING PLANTS


Substrate

Group I:

A loose, well draining substrate (including coarse white peat), with Perlite, and an average amount of fertilizer added. The pH of 5 – 5.5 and it should included the Fe need.

Group II:

A loose, well draining substrate, P or T- substrate with clay (15 – 20%) and Perlite (10%), with an average amount of fertilizer added (1– 2 g/l) and a pH of 5.5 – 5.0. A higher proportion of white peat and less black peat is mainly of advantage with automatic watering systems.

Feeding requirements

Group I: Plants that need plenty of feeding

Irrigation feed at first 0.08 – 0.1%, later 0.1– 0.12%Interval feed at first 0.15 – 0.2%, later 0.2– 0.3% – once or twice a week

Group II: Plants with medium requirements

Irrigation feed at first 0.06 – 0.08%, later 0.08 – 0,1%Interval feed at first 0.1– 0.15%, later 0.15 – 0.2% – once or twice a week

Average day temperature

Group I:

Average day temperatures for pot plants that have a need cooler temperatures for warmth:• potting + 3 week cultivation period 20 °C• main growing period 17 °C• hardening 14 °C

COLD CULTIVATIONFor some plants cold cultivation is the only way in order to have flowering plants ready for sale by the end of April. These plants includeAsteriscus maritimus, Convolvulus sabatius (“Early Blue” and “Upright Blue” does not need this cooling phase), Dianthus caryophyllus. In order to fill up your greenhouse, other plants can be grown along. These plants improve in quality through cold cultivation and are alsoflowering earlier. We are then talking about in the middle of April. Thid can be: Argyranthemum frutescens, Bidens ferulifolia,Euryops athanasiae, Bracteantha bracteata, Lobelia erinus and/or Osteospermum ecklonis.

POTTING PINCHINGOctober – November 1– 2 weeks after potting

TEMPERATUREUntil 4 weeks after potting 18 – 20 °C as average day temperaturesThen gradually lower the temperature to 4 – 6 °C maintain this cooling phase for at least 4 weeks (6 weeks is better) This can be done till 9 weeks before selling. After that you need to raise the temperature back to 12–14 °C.

NOTE• The plants must be relatively dry during the cooling phase in order to avoid fungus infection. They must also be given sufficient feeding

before as it is hardly possible to feed and water them during the cooling phase. • If P & D controls are carried out the temperature should be raised for a certain amount of time as otherwise the preparations will not

take effect (for at least 36 hours till 2 days to 12 °C, depending on the active substance). • The temperature should be raised not later than 8 – 9 before the selling date as otherwise the flowering will be too lateExample of a cultivation:

potting pinching cultivation sale

week 46 48 51– 52 1– 6 from 7 16

temperature 18 – 20 °C <10 °C 4 – 6 °C 12–14 °C

Group II:

Average day temperatures for pot plants that have a need for plenty of cold:• potting + 3 week cultivation period 18 °C• main growing period 14 °C• hardening 10 °C


For some plants cold cultivation is the only way of obtaining flowering plants for sale at the end ofApril. However for many growers this method is impracticable as the necessary areas are occupiedin the autumn, e.g. with poinsettas or pot chrysanthemums. This is why Selecta has developed cool & easy™, the pre-cooled pinched young plant in a 3,5 cm pot. If you use cool & easy™ you can get a better return per sqm by cultivating more plants in autumn instead of a cold crop.

The advantages of cool & easy™:We take care of the first part of the crop > You save space and cultivation timeWe pinch and give the plants the first treatment with growth before the start of the cooling phase > You have less work We give the plants the minimum cooling phase that they need> Depending on when you wish the plants to flower, you can then keep them cool or start the cultivation phase to start flowering

We offer the following plants in the cool & easy™ range:Asteriscus maritimus, Convolvulus sabatius, Dianthus caryophyllus, Lobelia cultivars, Osteospermum ecklonis, Scaevola aemula

Recommended cultivation

GROWING/FLOWERING STAGE Based on the date you want the plans or flower. You calculate cack between 10 till 14 week for starting to grow the plants more active. Inthe end the weather will always have its influence. Pay attention to differences between the individual types of plants.The difference between this method and normal cold cultivation is that you have to add about 2 weeks pf cultivation time for rooting.Example: Osteospermum: floewring takes place 8 weeks after the end of cold cultivation. With cool&easy it is 10 weeks. The earlier that flo-wering is desired, the longer it takes for shoots to develop. The cultivation period is shorter for later selling dates (e.g. end of April).

PINCHING Not necessary

TEMPERATUREAverage day temperature of 16 °C for the first 2 weeks after potting so that the roots can develop. After that the temperature depends on the method of cultivation (see examples).

GROWTH RETARDANTS We treat the plants listed above with retardants one week before the start of the cooling phase. You should carry out a second treatment twoweeks after the end of the cooling phase. Whether further treatment is necessary after that depends on the varieties and the condition of theplants.You should carry out a second treatment two weeks after the end of the cooling phase. Whether further treatment is necessary after that depends on the varieties and the condition of the plants.ATTENTION! In order to avoid fungus infections the plants must be kept dry during the cooling phase. The duration of the cooling phase after purchasing the plants or the beginning of the shoot production phase depends on the selling date and the method of cultivation. Pay attention to differences between the individual types of plants. The difference between this method and normal cold cultivation is that you have to add about 2 weeks of cultivation time for rooting. Example: Osteospermum: flowering takes place 8 weeks after the end of cold cultivation. With cool & easy™ it is 10 weeks. The earlier thatflowering is desired the longer it takes for shoots to deve-lop. The cultivation period is shorter for later selling dates (e.g. end of April).

Examples of cultivationExample of early flowering with an extended cooling phase and late potting:

Purchase Potting Cultivation SaleWeek 51– 2 3 3 – 4 5 –14 from 15 from 15Temperature 4 – 6 °C 16 °C 16 °C 12–14 °C 8 –10 °C

Example of early flowering and immediate potting: Purchase Potting Cultivation Sale

Week 51 51– 52 01– 05 from 15 from 15Temperature 16 °C 10 –12 °C 8 –10 °C


As the costs are increasing, optimising of the internal processes is one of the things we think aregetting more important. Based on multipal requests Selecta Klemm GmbH & Co KG has developeda product, which gives growers the option to increase the efficiency per sqm. quick & easy young plants are basically a products that takes out work with the grower. We havedeveloped a young plant, which has been pretreated and has been pinched. And therefore alreadyhas a certain size. This gives the option to the grower with a quick & easy young plants to have afinished product in 4 till 8 weeks.

The advantages of quick & easy: You start later and can therefore produce another crop before on the same sqm• You plants are supplied already pinched, meaning less labor(please pay attention to the detailed products specification with quick & easy

young plants)• Less spraying cost as these young plants have already received the first PGR-treatment from us• When you start late in spring with quick & easy young plants you are still capable to produce a finished crop for the same sales season.

Crop recommendations

POTTING:Please ask a Selecta sales representative

PINCHING:This is not needed as the quick & easy young plants of Ostespermum, Petunia, Calibrachoa, Verbena, Bidens, Lobelia, Sanvitalia and Dianthus are already supplied as pinched. Pelargonien and Scaevola are supplied unpinched as a quick & easy young plant.

TEMPERATURE:It is recommened to maintain the temperature at 16°C in the first week after potting. After that the temeperature can be adapted to the estimated sales period and the needs of the crop.

TRIXI® – YOUNG PLANTS Crop description:

POTTINGCan be chosen flexible, please discuss this with your Selecta agent. Please be aware when ordering, that unpinched young plants needsome extra time in case you want to pinch them. The later you pinch the later the plants will flower.

PINCHINGHow many times a product needs to be pinched depends on the Trixi product you have chosen. In general a plant for in a 12 cm pot needsto be pinched ones, a hanging basket of 25 cm twice.Trixi young plants of Calibrachoa, Verbena, Argyranthemum, Nemesia and interspecific are not supplied as a pinched plug. Be aware, whenyou are pinching, all three varieties are pinched on the same level. Avoid a low humidity after pinching. This will reduce the development ofthe side shoots.Trixi young plants of PortoGrande are not pinched and are normally only pinched on the side shoots. If the plants are pinched to deep theflowering will be delayed strongly.Trixi young plants of Lobelia are supplied as a pinched young plant. Another will not be needed.Based on experience the micro climate after pinching is influencing the amount of side shoots. Help the micro climate between the plants byincreasing the humidity, Later spacing ( the plants should not touch each other) and when needed use shading. Spacing on final distanceshould be done latest 2 weeks after pinching.

TEMPERATURPerfect is a growing temperature of 18/16 °C (ventilation 22 °C) during the first 2 weeks after potting. In case the time of pinching is withinthis period, the temperature needs to be kept on this level till the side shoots have reached a length of more or less 1cm. After that the tem-perature can be brought down step by step (Please also look at the crop recommendations of the different series).

FERTILISINGIt as proven that starting with fertilising by watering can best be done with a low EC and then adapt this according the growth of the plant.

GROWTH REGULATORSLook at the special crop recommendations of the different series. A growth regulation by cool morning works very well and should be prefe-red above the usage of PGR’s. Another working methode to controlle the length growth is the management of water. Grow on the dry side.Concerning the usage of PGR’s please contact your Selecta agent.

All recommendations are made with regard to our and official trials as well as indications from growers. We cannot accept any responsibility for correctness of this information. All information differs depending on place, year and variety.

23

GENTIANA SCABRAALTERNATIVE 1Sales middle of July till September

FLOWERING TIMEBeginning till middle August

POTTINGPot size: T10 – T12 with one young plant (three cuttings in 1 plug)Growing time: 15 – 18 weeks (after a rooting of 4 – 5 weeks)Spacing: until Mid-June pot to pot, then approx. 30 – 40 plants per m²

SUBSTRATE• Special gentian soil • pH value during the whole cultivation time between 4.0 and 5.2

WATER• Use of rainwater is recommended • Pay attention to a constant moist watering• During the main growth period a lot of water needed• It is recommended to water over the top, especially on hot days in order to decrease the leaf temperature and

to create evaporation cooling

FERTILIZERDepending on the water quality: • When using rainwater pay attention to the calcium and magnesium supply.

2 kg/m³ Osmocote exact standard 3 – 4 M (16 + 9 + 12 + 2 Mg) equally mixed to the substrate, Water fertiliser 1 x week 0.15 % (max. EC 2.0) (N-K balanced with Ca and Mg)

• Using not fertilized soil water fertilization with EC 1.5-1.8. Deficiency symptoms possible after longer raining periods, foliage fertilization (if necessary composed fertilizer with micronutrients, if needed Epsom salt) might be needed then (not in blazing sun)

• When hard water, please use fertilizer with at least 50% ammonium parts → mind the pH value!

LIGHTThe plants need a lot of light

PINCHING1– 2 weeks after potting to 3 – 4 pairs of leaves

GROWTH REGULATIONGenerally not necessary

P&D CONTROL• Pay attention to aphids and thrips (in early stages also to sciarid fly)• No special notes for optimal cultivation• High salt contents and extremely fluctuantions in the moist of the substrate favour fungal infections like Pythium and Phytophtora

ALTERNATIVE 2Sales: September till October

CULTIVATION OPTION 1:Cultivation like alternative 1, but pinching twice (second time latest 8 weeks before sales start)

CULTIVATION OPTION 2:• Later start of cultivation• potting in week 20 (only recommended for pot size T10)• Cultivation like alternative 1, place outdoor after 1 week with good weather conditions.

24 Bitte beachten Sie die aktuellen Veröffentlichungen der Pflan-

Selecta Klemm GmbH & Co. KG

Hanfäcker 10 · 70378 Stuttgart · Germany

Tel: +49 (0) 711-95 32 5-0

Fax: +49 (0) 711-95 32 5-240

E-Mail: [email protected]

Selecta Holland BV

Oud Camp 10 B

3155 DL Maasland

The Netherlands

Tel: +31 (0) 174-52 14 11

Fax: +31 (0) 174-52 16 33

E-Mail: [email protected]

Documents

CULTURAL RECOMMENDATIONS - Selecta One · 1st–3rd week: heating (average day temperature): 19 C d+n, ventilation temperature: 22–24 C from 4th week: heating (average night temperature):