EVOLUÇÃO QUÍMICA EFORMAÇÃO DE PLANETAS NO UNIVERSOL I A C A M A R G O C O R A Z Z A

Workshop DIDAS - 7 e 8 de abril de 2019

D R . O S W A L D O D . M I R A N D AD R . C A R L O S A . W U E N S C H E

MODELOE V O L U Ç Ã O Q U Í M I C A

O que é evolução química?

• Processo de evolução de produção dos elementos químicos.

• Os metais são essenciais para a formação de qualquer coisa no Universo.

• Precisamos saber características de formação estelar, dos processos nucleares, dos processos no final da vida das estrelas…

• Conseguimos estimar bem a evolução química... da galáxia! (principalmente por causa das observações)

• Mas do Universo é mais complicado!

Então como juntamos isso com Cosmologia? Como os metais aparecem e evoluem ao longo da história do Universo?

E o que descobrimos?Que o enriquecimento químico é MUITO rápido (da ordem de Myr) até começar o aparecimento de Pop II.

+

CSFR

yields

=

MODELOE V O L U Ç Ã O Q U Í M I C A

M_sun/yr/Mpc3

E o que descobrimos?Que o enriquecimento químico é MUITO rápido (da ordem de Myr) até começar o aparecimento de Pop II.

+

CSFR

yields

=

MODELOE V O L U Ç Ã O Q U Í M I C A

M_sun/yr/Mpc3

Resultados muito interessantes! É possível traçar a evolução química desta maneira

RESULTADOSE V O L U Ç Ã O Q U Í M I C A

RESULTADOSE V O L U Ç Ã O Q U Í M I C A

Resultados muito interessantes! É possível traçar a evolução química desta maneira

Dados observacionais em uma faixa estreita comparada ao intervalo total

Como fazer?

Extremelly metal poor stars and globular clusters

RESULTADOSE V O L U Ç Ã O Q U Í M I C A

FORMAÇÃO DE PLANETASE V O L U Ç Ã O Q U Í M I C A

Então, a conexão entre a CSFR e a taxa de formação do planeta é dado por:

Taxa de formação planetáriaA probabilidade de o sistema ser formado está na forma:

P (td) / 1td

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O time delay faz a conexão entre o redshift zf no qual o planetesimal foi formado e o redshift z em que o planeta está totalmente formado

td = 1H0

Rzf

z

dz0

(1+z0)E(z0)<latexit sha1_base64="67jTD7T1krWpswRLkQb8e4P7Mr8=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t5JtBY18dAqXTuqyjs0XIGmn0dU=">AAADBnicjVFPT9RAHH1UUf7qIty4TNwYlpBsWi56IVlFE46QuEDCQtPOzsKEbttMpybspHe/iTdvxqtfwMST4N0D3vwI/mYoCX9CZJpO37zfe6/zm4nzRBba93+NeQ8ejj96PDE5NT0z++RpY+7ZdpGViosuz5JM7cZRIRKZiq6WOhG7uRLRME7ETny8bus7H4QqZJa+1ye52B9Gh6kcSB5posLGax2afsXWWG+gIm6CymyExq8q1pMplUbVgRmFZmAJJ+iPlirTClZGS8vsXYvmKmw0/bbvBrsNgho0O6u//569/bGwmTVO0UMfGThKDCGQQhNOEKGgZw8BfOTE7cMQpwhJVxeoMEXeklSCFBGxxzQf0mqvZlNa28zCuTn9JaFXkZPhBXky0inC9m/M1UuXbNm7so3LtHs7oW9cZw2J1Tgi9n++S+V9fbYXjQFeuR4k9ZQ7xnbH65TSnYrdObvSlaaEnDiL+1RXhLlzXp4zc57C9W7PNnL1c6e0rF3zWlvij90lXXBw8zpvg+3VduC3g62g2XmDizGBRTxHi+7zJTrYwCa6lP0J3/ETp95H77P3xft6IfXGas88rg3v2z+EX61k</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t5JtBY18dAqXTuqyjs0XIGmn0dU=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="91oYbkh3RTNuYF2OGmj1UHG+tMo=">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</latexit>

⇢̇⇤c(z) =R t(z)⌧0

⇢̇(zf )(1+zf )

P (td)dtd<latexit sha1_base64="C+0gZRHUckY796Uh/poMJR/yUuw=">AAADInicjVHNbtQwGJyGv1IoLHDkYrFCyoK0SuihXJBWcOG4SGxbqVkix/G2VrNJ5DhIrZV34cCb9NYb4oCQeADgCC/AZzdFQIXAUeLxfDMTf3ZWF6oxUfRxJbhw8dLlK6tX165dX79xc3Dr9lZTtVrImaiKSu9kvJGFKuXMKFPInVpLvswKuZ0dPHP17ddSN6oqX5rDWs6XfK9UCyW4ISodzJO8MizR+1VqH4guPBqxJyxRpUltYnib2qjrXllDfMeShebC/jSw8Ci1i27U2TB+2EM2DcmZd6PcT+lgGI0jP9h5EPdgONn4uv4GwLQafECCHBUEWiwhUcIQLsDR0LOLGBFq4uawxGlCytclOqyRtyWVJAUn9oC+e7Ta7dmS1i6z8W5Bfyno1eRkuE+einSasPsb8/XWJzv2b9nWZ7q9HdKc9VlLYg32if2X70z5vz7Xi8ECj30PinqqPeO6E31K60/F7Zz90pWhhJo4h3Oqa8LCO8/OmXlP43t3Z8t9/bNXOtatRa9t8cXtki44/vM6z4OtR+M4Gscv4uHkKU7HKu7iHkK6z01M8BxTzCj7mFK/4XvwNjgJ3gXvT6XBSu+5g99G8OkHgOq2qA==</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="EFS+M8cvVb+ZahMlgqxmyZ5cumc=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="EFS+M8cvVb+ZahMlgqxmyZ5cumc=">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</latexit><latexit sha1_base64="t4jh0EZ884SvcVMvh8qD1HwsRyw=">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</latexit>

⇢̇0c(z) = ⇢̇0c(0)⇥⇢̇⇤c(z)⇢̇⇤c(0)

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td delay time entre a formação do planetesimal e a formação completa do planeta

Finalmente, a taxa de formação do planeta cósmico pode ser calculada usando a relação:

grão - em torno de 0,1 a 1 μm.PISNe - de15 a 30% de suas massas progenitoras em poeiramais de 10 vezes + que SNe IIMETAIS

planetas de carbono (Kuchner & Seager, 2005) [C / O] ~ 1 muito favoráveis para a formação de planetas

grão - em torno de 0,1 a 1 μm.PISNe - de15 a 30% de suas massas progenitoras em poeiramais de 10 vezes + que SNe IIMETAIS

planetas de carbono (Kuchner & Seager, 2005) [C / O] ~ 1 muito favoráveis para a formação de planetas

• Metalicidade aumenta muito rapidamente no universo primordial,

• Grãos de poeira estarão disponíveis desde cedo • Valores [C /O] são maiores que 1

Formação de planetas no universo primordial demonstra ser uma possibilidade interessante e muito provável

Obrigada!