MAKUBEKÈNInformashon tokante naturalesa i medio ambiente di Boneiru

Edishon Nr. 25 mei 2014Grátis Gratis

ProyektoRestorashon dikarko den LacA inisiá e proyekto di

restorashon di karko na2010 pa motibu ku epopulashon di Karko abaha drástikamente i papurba hisa e kantidat dikarko den Lac. Eproyekto tabata parti diun inisiativa di IUCN NLyamá: ‘We are theworld’. E ophetivo di eproyekto tabata pademonstrá restorashondi eko-sistema denakshon. STINAPA aranka sali ku e proyektona ougùstùs 2010 ku emeta pa hisa e kantidatdi karko den Lac i tambepaempoderá e bone-riano komo vitó di erekurso balioso akí. Eproyekto tabata konsistídi tres komponente hopiligá na otro: Un kam-paña di konsientisa-shon, un elemento dipraktiká lei i ehekutáasuntunan legal i unprograma di investi-gashon sientífiko.

Conch project atLac

The Conch Restora-tion Project was estab-lished in 2010 to reversethe dwindling of theconch population andsave the conch. It waspart of a three-year ini-tiative funded by theIUCN NL called “WeARE the World”. Theproject aimed to demon-strate ecosystem resto-ration in action and waslaunched in August 2010by STINAPA Bonairewith a goal to reversethe dwindling of theconch population sur-rounding the island andin particular within LacBay. The project aimedto empower Bonaireansas the custodians ofthis valuable resource. Itconsisted of threeinterlinked components:an awareness cam-paign, an enforcementand legality element,and a scientific researchprogram.

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Lac ta e bahia semi sera dimas grandi den KaribeHulandes ku un área inundá diaproksimadamente 7 km2, dikua mas ku mitar ta lamanganchu. Lac tin un balor eko-lógiko hopi haltu I ta rekonosékomo un área húmedo ku unbalor internashonal signifikante(sitio Ramsar), i tambe komoun área di para importante pa‘Birdlife International’. Ademase ta inkluí tres eko-sistemamenasá: Rant di ref di koral,kama di yerba di laman i mondidi pal’i mangel. Lac ta kastambe di diferente espesie kuta menasá, manera turtugablanku, gutu kètèkètè, karko,koral kachu grandi i kachu dibiná.

Lac un tempu tabata un sitiohopi popular pa kue karko, pamotibu ku e ta fásil pa kanadrenta awa ku ta plat, kankandi karko. Pero investigashonresien a demonstrá ku ekantidat di karko ta hopi abou itambe tin un kantidat mashachikí di karko adulto a sobra.Dikon esaki a sosede?

BAHIA DI LAC BALOR INTERNASHONAL SIGNIFIKANTE

Bonaire.STINAPA

Demanda pa karko a subidrástikamente ku kresementudi e populashon di Boneiru itambe turismo. No a tuma hopitempu ku karko a subi menúden restorant i tabata un platohopi popular. Tabata bende sukaska ku turista pa suvenir.

Sperando ku lo prevení ku estòk di karko ta kòlèps,gobièrnu a disidí di saka un leiku ta protehá karko i tambepone un límite riba kuementudi karko i tambe ku mester dipermit pa por kue karko. Turhende ku tabata ke bai kuekarko mester tin permit. Man-tenshon di òrdu a resultá di tahopi difísil pa motibu di e sitioalehá i tambe e grandura di esitio. No a otorgá ningun per-mit for di meimei di añanan 90.

A sigui ku kuementu des-kabeyá di karko pa un tempo-rada basta largu i esei a poneku awó no por sigui pasobra ekantidat no ta duradero mas.Kuementu ilegal di karko tasigui i ta difísil pa kontrolá pamotibu ku bahia ta hopi grandii alehá.

Un bista impreshonante riba parti di e bahia Lac/Cai.An impressive view of part of Lac Bay.

Awendia ainda ta usa kaska di karko komo instrumento musikal den músika folklóriko.The conch shell is still being used nowadays as an instrument in folkloristic music.

Antes tabatin diferente uso pa kaska di karko, tabatabend’e ku turista komo suvenir

In the past the Karko shell was used for a variety of things,it used to be sold to tourists as souvenir but this is no

longer permitted.

Seru di kaska di karko na Lac.Conch midden at Lac Bay.

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Lac Bai is the largest semi-enclosed bay in the Dutch Car-ibbean with a flooded area ofapproximately seven squarekilometres, over half of whichis open water. Lac is ecologi-cally highly valuable and isrecognised as a wetland of in-ternational significance (Ram-sar site) and as an ImportantBird Area by Birdlife Interna-tional. In addition, it includesthree threatened ecosystems:fringing coral reefs, seagrassbeds and mangrove forests. Itis also home to endangeredspecies such as Green Turtle,Rainbow Parrotfish, Staghornand Elkhorn corals and QueenConch.

Lac Bay was once a popu-lar spot for conch fishing be-cause the easily accessibleand shallow bay was teemingwith these marine snails. How-ever, recent surveys haveshown that the number of conchin the bay is very low with onlya few adults remaining. Why

LAC BAYdid this happen?

The demand for conch rap-idly increased as Bonaire’spopulation and visitation grew.It wasn’t long before conchmeat was a popular item onrestaurant menus and the beau-tiful conch shells were sold asa high demand souvenir.

Hoping to prevent the col-lapse of Bonaire’s valuableconch stock, the governmentissued a law to protect conchand set rules and regulationssuch as bag and catch limitsand permitting. Anyone fishingconch was required to have apermit. Enforcing the legisla-tion proved to be difficult be-cause of the size and remotelocation of the bay. No permitshad been issued by the mid-1990s. Heavy fishing in the baywent on for too long and hasnow become unsustainable.Poaching is rampant and diffi-cult to control because the bayis so large and remote.

Selebrashon di Virgen del Valle, 8 di september, patronodi piskadonan i tur hende ku ta traha ku laman.

Virgin of the Valley celebration, September 8th, patronsaint of fishermen and everyone that is involved with the

ocean.

Mondi di palu di mangel den Lac.Mangrove forest in Lac Bay.

Lac-Cai.Lac bay.

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E meta di e proyekto tabatapa trata e redukshon dipopulashon di karko den Lac,sigurá ku nan ta protehá i asina

drecha e kantidat di karko dene área.

E proyekto tabata eksitosona diferente manera: komu-

nidat ta mas konsiente awó die dikon di protekshon, tinbastante informashon sientífikodisponibel riba karko, hende-nan lokal ku tin konosementuhistóriko di e área di Lac ta bisaku ta mira hopi mas karko,ounke ta karko hubenil so.

konsiensia di komunidattokante karko i trata di maneraduradero ku karko i konose-mentu históriko di Lac serkahende lokal meskos tamberesultado sientífiko ku ta deskri-bí un bahia ku ta hañando maskarko, maske ta di karko hóbennunka no tabata asina haltu.

Junior Rangers den akshonTèkmentu di karko tabata

un parti esensial di e proyektokaminda Junior Ranger di Bo-neiru a yuda ku e trabou denfèlt. En general a tèk mas ku4800 karko i a registrá kamindaku a haña nan, nan grandura itambe kon lihé nan ta krese. Edata ku a kolekta ta dunainformashon riba kresementu,grandura di e populashon,distribushon, edat, migrashon/movementu, bestianan ku tayag riba karko i tambe morta-

lidat di karko.

Resultado di investigashonAwó a kalkulá ku e bahia por

sostené un populashon entre260 pa 500 karko pa hèktar.Mirando e grandura di e área diLac ku ta adekuá pa karko porbiba, esaki ta hasi posibel kulo por tin un populashon di masku 10 mil karko den Lac. Anto

esaki ta duna bo un bista kona kue i sigui kue karko en ekse-so. E investigashon ta mustratambe ku ounke e área supopulashon di karko ta hopiabou aworakí, tin un gran kanti-dat di karko hubenil. Esaki taindiká ku e bahia ta ofresé kon-dishon pa biba ekselente pa yudi karko i ku produktividat tahaltu.

META DI E PROYEKTO

Nme Stinapa Bonaire

Junior Rangers dunando un man na Sabine ku habrimentudi kanal meimei di pal’i mangel.

STINAPA Junior Rangers assisting with opening of thechannels in the mangroves.

Biologo marino Sabine Engel, investigando karko hubenilden lac pa STINAPA.

Marine biologist Sabine Engel, researching juvenileconch in Lac for STINAPA.

Midimentu di karko na White Hole.Measuring conch at White Hole.

Junior Rangers eksplorando na Lac.Junior Rangers exploring Lac Bay.

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Project goalThe goal of the Conch Res-

toration Project was to addressthe decline of Lac Bay’s conchpopulation, ensuring the protec-tion and regeneration of thearea’s conch stock.

In several ways the projecthas been a great success: lo-cal awareness and base-linescience of Queen Conch andsustainable fisheries has neverbeen higher; locals with a his-torical knowledge of Lac aswell as the scientific resultsdescribe a bay with moreconch, albeit young conch.

Junior Rangers in actionTagging of conch was a cen-

tral part of the project, with theBonaire Junior Rangers assist-ing with the fieldwork. Overall,more than 4,800 individualconch were tagged and theirwhereabouts and growth rates

THE PROJECTwere tracked. The data col-lected provides information ongrowth, population size, distri-bution, age classes, migration/movements, predation and mor-tality of conch.

ResearchIt is now estimated that the

bay can support a populationof between 260 and 500 conchper hectare. Given the amountof suitable habitat in the baythis would allow a population oftens of thousands conch inLac, giving a strong indicationof just how overfished LacBay’s conch population reallyis. The studies also revealedthat although the areas’ conchpopulations are currently low,there are a high number of ju-venile conch. This suggeststhat the bay provides an excel-lent living environment for juve-niles and the activity is high.

PERIODO PA KOHE KREF TA SERÁSTINAPA Bonaire ta anusiá ku for di 1 di mei te 31 di òktober ta prohibí pa kohe kref den awanandi Boneiru, Klein Bonaire i Lac. Den e periodo aki kref ta par, p’esei e prohibishon. E lei aki takana samsam ku esun di Venezuela. Den e periodo di 1 di mei te 31 di òktober no por kue,kumpra, sirbi, bende ni kome kref fresku.Ora e temporada habri atrobe dia 1 di novèmber por kohe kref entre Willemstoren i Malmòk nae kosta pariba di Boneiru. Kref ku kue den e temporada ei mester midi mas grandi ku 12centimeter si midi di punta di kabes pa e lomba, ku otro palabra e rabu no ta den e midí.Durante di e periodo di kalor e kreft muhénan por pone kasi shenmil webu. Esaki por sosodédos biaha den e periodo. E ta tene e webunan riba su rabu pa algun siman te ora nan ta kla pasali. Ta prohibí pa kohe kref ku tin webu.Artikulo 11 ‘eilandsbesluit onderwaterpark’ ab 2010 # 14

LOBTER SEASON IS CLOSEDSTINAPA Bonaire informs the public that from May 1st to October 31st it is prohibited by law tocatch lobster in the waters around Bonaire, Klein Bonaire and in Lac. Venezuela also hasprohibited the catching of lobster during the same period. Do not catch, buy, serve, sell or eatfresh lobster from May 1st to October 31st.When the lobster season opens again on November 1st, lobster can be taken betweenWillemstoren and Malmok, on the east coast. Lobster that is taken during this period must belarger than 12 cm if you measure from between the eyes to the beginning of the tail, meaningthat you do not measure the tail.Spiny lobsters breeds and spawns when the ocean is warm during the summer and femalelobsters may produce hundreds of thousands of eggs twice during the reproductive season. Shelays the eggs and holds them under her tail for up to ten weeks, until they are ready to hatch. Itis strictly prohibited to take lobster that’s carrying eggs.Article 11 island resolution underwater park ab 2010 # 14

Tagmentu di karko ta duna posibilidat pa kompiláinformashon riba karko su movementu, kresementu i

tambe riba yagmentu di otro bestia riba karko.Tagging conch produces information on their mobility,

growth and predation.

Karko a bisti shimis di gala.Conch put on a party dress.

Esaki ta prueba ku ántes tabatin hopi karko den Lac.Proof that there was a lot of conch at Lac Bay in the past.

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Karko ta un tipo di kokolishidi kua su nòmber sientífiko taStrombus gigas- nifikashon:Kokolishi ku spiral gigante. Eta un sorto di slak ku kurpa moliprotehá pa un kaska hopi duru.E ta un invertebrá, un bestia sinwesu di lomba. E ta kome lima

ku ta krese riba yerba di lamani kachikachi di mata ku a kaiden awa. Ta hañ’é solamenteden oséano atlántiko karibense.For di Bermuda pa Golfo diMexico, laman Karibe te nakosta di Brazil

E Kaska: Karko tin unkaska grandi den forma di un

spiral, furá ku koló ros. Karko sukaska ta traha di kalki ku e ta sakadi laman. E kaska por tin ungrandura di masoménos 30cm. Elep na e kaska ta forma maneraun wairu i e kaska tin spiña tambepa protehé kontra bestianan dilaman ku por yag riba dje.

Anatomia: Ta parti e kurpaden kabes, mondongo i un piachikitu asina. E karko tin dos pardi stelchi na su kabes kamindatin su wowonan na esnan masgrandi. Djis bou di e wowonan tinesnan mas chikí ku e karko ta usapa hole i fula. Na su pia e tin unhak ku e ta usa manera un portapa sera su kurpa den kaska oratin peliger i tambe pa kana kuné.Yu di Karko por koba i dera sumes den santu ora tin peliger.

Dieta: Karko ta kome lima kuta krese riba yerba di laman itambe kachikachi di mata ku a kaiden awa. E órgano ku nan ta komekuné ta manera un slùrf chikí ku

KARKO

tin mas ku mil djente chikituasina.

QUEEN CONCHThe Queen Conch or Pink

Conch is a mollusk whose scien-tific name - Strombus gigas -means “giant spiral shell”. TheQueen Conch is a gastropod, asoft-bodied type of mollusk thatis protected by a very hard shell.It is an invertebrate, an animalwithout a backbone. They feedon algae growing on sea grass andother vegetal debris that end upin the water. The queen conch canonly be found in the warm tropi-cal waters of the Caribbean-Atlan-tic Ocean. From Bermuda to theGulf of Mexico to the Caribbeanand all the way down to theBrazilean coast.

Anatomy: The body is dividedinto the head, the visceral mass,and the foot, which is small. Theconch has two pairs of tentacles

Normalmente karko ta par denawanan plat ku santu. E muhé tapone webu ku ta karga masoménosmei mion èmbrio. Ta tuma mas-oménos 5 dia pa e èmbrio sali forden webu den forma di un larva kunan ta yama veliger. Nan ta keda drifkasi 4 siman largu den oséano. Orae larva krese bira masoménosgrandura di un pipita di aros, e takuminsá forma un kaska transpa-rente ku un pia i un boka. E ora ei eta pèrdè su abilidat pa landa i ta senkbai den fondo di laman. Ora e yu dikarko tin un aña di edat su grandurata masoménos 7.5cm i kasi 12cmdespues di 2 aña. Desafortuna-damente ta masha poko di e meimion èmbrio ta yega e edat aki.

Despues di 4 pa 5 aña, porfin ekarko ta bira adulto. E ta pisamasoménos un kilo i grandura di sukaska lo ta kasi 30cm. Den su fasedi kresementu, e kaska di karko takre-se ku un kalkulo di masoménos7cm pa aña. Ora e karko bira adulto,ta solamente e lep na e kaska tasigui bira mas diki. Esei ke men kumas diki e lep ta mas bieu e karko.

Queen Conchs will usually matein shallow waters in sandy areasbehind coral reefs. The female laysegg masses with about half a mil-lion embryos. It takes about five daysfor the embryos to leave the eggsand travel to the surface. At thisstage, they are called veligers, andthey drift in the ocean for about 4weeks. Later, at about the size of agrain of rice, they lose their swim-ming ability and settle to the bot-tom. By this time, they have devel-oped a tiny transparent shell with afoot and a mouth. They reach a shelllength of close to 7.5 cm after 1 yearand 12 cm after 2 years. Unfortu-nately, very few of the original half amillion embryos reach this stage.

After 4 to5 years the conch isfinally mature. It will then weigh ap-proximately 1 kg and will havereached a length of roughly 30 cm.The shell length will increase at anaverage rate of 7 cm per year in itsactive growing stage. After this onlylip will continue thicken with eachpassing year. So the thicker the lip,the older the conch. The average lifespan is about 20 years if people

Karko por biba mas ku 20 aña sihende lag’é na pas manera lei tapreskribí òf si bestianan di lamanno kome.

Karko ta biba den awanantropikal di Karibe.

Historia di karko di Boneiru:Fosilnan ta indiká ku karko a

kuminsá aparesé masoménos 65mion aña pasá. Pruebanan arkeoló-giko ta mustra ku tabata usa ekaska 3000 aña pasá na Boneirukomo wea pa kushiná, kuchú,beitel, raspu, renchi di orea, botoni hanger.

Na Boneiru, mayoria karko bota haña den Lac. Historia oral takonta nos ku karko tabata unprodukto di eksportashon hopiimportante. Barku de belanantabata drenta bahia di Lac pakumpra karko serka e piskadónanpa bai bende na Kòrsou òf otroislanan Karibense. Hopi kasnan difamia tabata dependé di benta dikarko komo nan entrada. E tempuei populashon di Boneiru tabatachikitu.

obey the law and allow the conchto keep living or if they avoid preda-tion by other sea creatures.

The Queen Conch lives in warmshallow waters throughout the Car-ibbean.

History of Bonaire’s QueenConchs

Fossils indicate that conch firstappeared about sixty-five millionyears ago. Archaeological evidenceshows the shell was used 3,000years ago on Bonaire for cookingpots, chisels, knives, scrapers,hooks, earrings, buttons and pen-dants.

In Bonaire, most conchs arefound in the waters of Lac. Oral his-tory tells us that conch used to bean important export product. Sail-ing vessels came from Curaçao inthe bay of Lac to buy conch fromthe fishermen who lived at Cai. Theconch was sold in Curaçao andother Caribbean islands. Manyhouseholds received their incomesfrom selling conch. Back then,Bonaire’s population was small.

REPRODUKSHON

REPRODUCTION

on the head; it has a light-sensitiveeyespot located on each of the largertentacles. The smaller pair of ten-tacles is used for the sense of smelland the sense of touch. The smalloperculum (which is like a trap door)is located on the foot and looks abit like (and works like) a claw thatcan be used to propel itself forward.Young conchs are able to bury them-selves in the sand when they are indanger.

The shell: The Queen Conch hasa large, spiral shell often lined inpink. The conch builds the hard shellfrom calcium carbonate that it ex-tracts from the sea. The shell is upto 30 cm long. The lip of the shell isflared and the shell has spines todeter its many predators.

Diet: Conchs eats algae grow-ing on sea grasses, and vegetal de-bris that end up in the water. Theyeat using a radula, a small elephanttrunk-like organ that has thousandsof tiny denticles (tooth-like protru-sions).

Un karko adulto ta midi masoménos 30cm i su na sukaska ta forma un lep. E kaska di karko ta forma pa

mesun material ku djente i wesu di hende ku ta kalki.The size of an adult conch is about 30cm and on the shella flaired lip is formed. The shell of the conch is formed by

the same material as human teeth and bones, which iscalcium.

Un karko adulto buskando kuminda. Lokual bo ta mirameimei di su dos wowonan ta su slùrf ku e ta kome kuné.

Karko ta kome lima ku ta krese riba yerba di laman ikachikachi di mata ku a kai den awa i bai fondo.

A conch searching for food. Notice the trunk between theeyes with which it eats algae growing on sea grass and

decayed plant matter that sinks to bottom.

Paisahe di Lac- Seri karko ku boto di piskadó.Lac panorama- conch middens and boat.

Karko dòrná ku lima i yerba di laman.Find the conch covered with algae and sea grass.

Karko por yega e edat di 25 aña si no kue of bestianan di laman no yag riba dje i komé.Conch can reach 25 years of age if not poached or predated by other sea creatures.

Karko, Queen Conch (Lobatus gigas)

Página 8 MAKUBEKÈN Mei 2014PALUNAN DI MANGEL (MANGROVE)

DEN LACDen e área di Lac, na parti

sùit di Boneiru tin mondi serádi palu di mangel. Rònt mundubo por haña mas ku 35 diferentesorto di palu di mangel.

Na Boneiru nos por haña 4sorto di palu di mangel: Palu ditam (red mangrove – Rhi-zophora mangle), Swart man-gel (Black mangrove- Avi-cennisa germinans), Wit man-gel (White mangrove-Lagun-cularia racemosa, Button wood(Conocarpus erectus).

Palu òf mata di mangel takrese na kosta den awa salu ofbrak, na paisnan ku klimatropikalòf suptropikal.

E parti mas pekuliar di unpalu di mangel ta su raisnan.Pa sobreviví den un área yenáku awa i pober na oksígeno eraisnan di e diferente sortonandi palu di mangel tin diferenteforma i funshon.

Tin palunan, ku nan raisnanta manera stelchi ku e paluariba yen di bog ku ta sali for di

bou awa i otronan ta manerakos ku ta saka snòrkel for dibou di awa pa yega superfisie.Dje maneranan aki e palu dimangel ta saka oksígeno for diden aire i tambe si ta nesesariokuminda.

Diferente sorto di bestia-inkluso para i piská – tadependé di e mondi di palu dimangel pa kuminda of lugá dibiba. Paranan migratorio tadependé di e palu di mangel pasosegá, kome i kue forsa papor sigui ku nan biahe largu.

Ademas di ta área pa biba ikuminda, mondi di palu di man-gel ta yuda filtra polushon kuta yega kosta ku roi òf riu. Asinanan ta sòru pa polushon noyega na e refnan di koral. Mondidi palu di mangel ta protehános kosta kontra orkan, lamanbrutu ku olanan haltu ku porkousa hopi daño.

Meimei di e raisnan di epalunan akí, tin diferente sortodi yu di piská ta biba. Piskánan

adulto ta pone webu einan paasina sigurá e yunan un ka-minda pa nase ku tin sufisientekuminda i tambe protekshonkontra otro piskánan grandi kulo por kome nan. Na finimanera bo por yama Lac, krèshdi laman Karibe.

Kanalnan meimei di Pal’imangel

Maneho básiko di eko-sistema tambe a tuma lugá: Ahabri e kanalnan entre e palu-nan di mangel di manera ku adrecha e fluho di awa den eárea. A tuma akshon tambe paprotehá e yerba di laman dihende ku por kana trapa nanna kosta. A enkurashá piska-dónan lokal pa tuma parti dene proyekto i a traha ribadiferente aspekto di manehoinkluí habrimentu di kanal,mantenshon na e buinan ku tamarka kaminda tin yerba dilaman, traha mapa di e área imata Lion Fish den e bahia.

Pal’i mangel kòrá, ku por sobrebibí den áreanan inundá, ta pusha nanmes riba awa ku rais manera riba stelchi i por apsorbé aire for di

burakunan masha chikí den e kaska ku ta rondoná e rais.Red mangroves, which can survive in the most inundated areas, prop

themselves above the water level with stilt roots and can then absorb airthrough pores in their bark

E raisnan di pal’i mangel ta yuda filtra e awa di polushon i ta lugá payunan di piska krese

Mangrove roots help filter pollution out of the water and they are a placefor juvenile fish to find protection from bigger predators.

Trahando riba mantenshon di kanalnan meimei di mondidi pal’i mangel.

Working on maintenance of the channels in the mangroveforest.

Na diferente sitio den Lac nos tin meter di mareo. Emeternan aki tam as chikí ku 10cm I por midi 48000 midídi e haltura di awa i tambe e temperatura. Dependé di e

programashon – por midi kada 15min –por midi kontinuopa mas ku un aña (500 dia). Despues di esaki, mester lesa

e data i reprogramá e meter.Tide gauges, placed in several places around Lac, are

smaller than 10 cm and can do 48,000 measurements ofthe height of the water and the temperature. Depending on

the programming - currently every 15 minutes - theymeasure continuously for more than one year (500 days).

After that the data must be downloaded and the meterreprogrammed.

un kanal meimei di mondi di pal’i mangelA recently opened channel in the mangrove forest

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Lac Bay, in the south partof Bonaire, is surrounded by amangrove forest. You can find35 different species of man-groves around the world.

In Bonaire you have 4 differ-ent species of mangroves: Redmangrove – Rhizophoramangle, Black Mangrove, Whitemangrove -Laguncu la r i aracemosa, Buttonwood- Cono-carpus erectus.

Mangroves are shrubs ortrees that grow on the coast, inseawater or areas with brack-ish water, in countries with atropical or subtropical climate.

The most interesting aboutthe mangroves are its roots. Tosurvive in waterlogged and oxy-gen poor areas, the roots of thedifferent mangrove trees havevarious shapes and functions.Some of the roots are like onstilts with the tree on top, full ofarches that rise up out of the

MANGROVES AT LAC BAYwater and others have roots likesnorkels popping out of the bot-tom and rising up. In this man-ner the roots are able to takeoxygen out of the air and foodtoo if necessary.

A big variety of animals- in-cluding bird and fish – dependon the mangrove forests for foodand a place to live. Migratorybirds use the mangrove forestsas a resting place to gainstrength to continue on theirvery long journey.

Not only is this area a feed-ing and nesting place, the man-groves help filter out pollutionsthat reach the coast, with ex-cess rainwater run-off fromstreams, thus making sure thatpollutants don’t reach our coralreefs. Mangroves forests pro-tects the coasts from hurri-canes and high waves that cancause a lot of damage. All kindof baby fish make their homes

between the roots of the man-grove trees. Adult fish lay theireggs between the roots tomake sure that when the eggshatch there is enough food andalso protection from predatoryfish. In other words, Lac is thenursery of the Caribbean Sea.

Mangrove ChannelsBasic ecosystem manage-

ment was also undertaken: thechannels in the mangroves werecleared to improve water flowto the area and actions weretaken to help reduce tramplingof seagrass along the coast.Local fishermen were encour-aged to participate in theproject and worked on a varietyof management aspects includ-ing helping to clear the chan-nels through the mangroves,maintaining seagrass bedmarkers and mapping and re-moving lionfish in the bay.

Meimei di mondi di pal’i mangel.Between the mangrove forest.

Pal’i pretu/Swart mangel ta biba un poko mas leu for awa i por traha hopi di struktura dirais spesialisá. Esakinan ta saka kabes for di bou di tera manera un pipa pa hala roseakubri tur na buraku chikí pa inhalá i saka gas. E pipa pa hala rosea aki por krese yegamas ku 30cm, i den algun otro espesie di pal’i mangel por yega mas ku 3m di haltura. Black mangroves live on higher ground and make many pneumatophores (specialized

root-like structures which stick up out of the soil like straws for breathing). These “breath-ing tubes” typically reach heights of up to 30 cm, and in some species, over 3 m.

Bunita bista for di laira di Lac.Beautiful aerial view of Lac.

Nabegando den un kanal meimei di mondi dipal’i mangel.

Navigating a channel in the mangrove forest.

Página 10 MAKUBEKÈN Mei 2014

“Try to be like the turtle, atease in your own shell” (BillCopeland). But what if you can’tbe at ease in your own shell?

Hello, my name is Carli vanMil and I’m a student at the HASHogeschool in the Netherlands.I also have the immense plea-sure of working as an intern atSea Turtle Conservation Bonaire(STCB) for five months. Re-cently I’ve started my researchon Fibropapillomatosis andhow it affects the Green Turtlesin Lac Bay.

Three quarters of Bonaire’sGreen Turtles live in Lac Bayand research has found thatGreen Turtles have amongst thehighest growth rate in the world.Fibropapillomatosis is one ofthe newer threats for Bonaire’ssea turtles. The disease wasfirst discovered in 1938 in cap-tive Green Turtles in Florida andit now occurs in every ocean.Turtles that are most at risk areturtles that live in near-shorewaters and lagoons, especiallyareas next to habitation with

poor sewage treatment facili-ties. Water pollution adds ex-cessive nutrients and diseaseagents into the sea, which canlower the immune system of theturtle and make them more vul-nerable to the disease.

The first sign that a turtle isinfected is small white lesions,mostly around the neck andshoulders. Typically, in lessthan a year, cauliflower-liketumours develop on the outsideand inside of the turtle. Thetumours grow around the shoul-ders and on the eyes of theturtle. When the tumour growsit can slow down the sea turtle’smovement and reduce their eye-sight. Tumours growing on theinside of the turtle may disruptthe normal organ functionswhich can lead to death. Thevirus that causes Fibropa-pillomatosis is a herpes-like vi-rus similar to the virus thatcauses warts in humans.

When a turtle is diagnosedwith Fibropapillomatosis STCBcan sometimes treat it by ty-

“Purba di ta manera unturtuga, trankil den bo meskaska” (Bill Copeland). Perokiko si bo no ta sinti bo mestrankil den bo mes kaska?

Haló, mi nòmber ta Carli vanMil i mi ta un studiante di HASHogeschool na Hulanda. Mi tine inmenso plaser pa ta trahakomo stagiaire na Sea Turtle

Concervation Bonaire (STCB)pa 5 luna. Resien mi a kuminsáku mi investigashon ribaFibropapillomatosis i kon e taafektá e turtuga blanku den Lac.

Tres kuart di e turtugananBlanku di Boneiru ta biba denLac. Investigashonnan ta prue-ba ku e turtuganan Blanku kuta biba den Lac ta esnan ku ta

krese bira mas grandi kuesunnan na otro parti di mundu.

Fibropapillomatosis ta un die di e menasanan mas nobo paturtuganan Blanku di Boneiru.A deskubrí e malesa akí pa dipromé bia na 1938 serkaturtuganan Blanku den koutivona Florida. Turtuganan ku takore e riesgo di mas grandi ta

esnan ku ta biba den awananplat of den lagonan, spesial-mente serka di lugánan habitáku no tin fasilidatnan apropiá patrata awa di berpùt. Polushondi awa ta añadí un ekseso dinutriente i kousante di malesa,ku por baha e sistema inmu-nilógiko di e turtuga i hasié masvulnerabel pa malesa.

E promé señal ku un turtugata infektá ta leshonnan chikíkolo blanku na nan garganta iskouder. Típiko ta ku denménos ku un aña tumornanmanera blumkol ta forma padeni pafó dje turtuga. E tumornanta krese rondó di e skoudernani wowonan di e turtuga. Ora etumor krese e por slow move-shon dje turtuga i afektá subista. Tumornan ku ta kresepaden dje turtuga por interumpífunshonamentu normal di eórganonan ku konsekuensia kupor ta mortal. E vírus ku takousa Fibropapillomatosis tamanera e vírus di hèrpes ku takousa frèt serka ser humano.

Ora un turtuga ta diag-nostiká ku Fibropapillomatosis,STCB tin bia por laga unveterinario trata e malesa dor

di mara of kòrta e tumor kitaafó. Na e momentu aki e sifradi turtuganan afektá ta hopiabou na Boneiru, kompará kuotro paisnan. Por ehèmpel naHawai, turtuganan Blanku tin92% chèns di keda afektá, sinan ta biba serka of den unlagun. Na Boneiru investiga-shonnan di kapturá I laga baita mustra ku kasi 21% diturtuga Blanku den Lac tainfektá ku e malesa.

Ya ku nos no sa kon Fibro-papillomatosis ta infektáturtuganan anto dikon e taplama asina lihé despues di supromé detekshon, ta importan-te pa kompilá mas tantuinformashon ku ta posibel. Mita spera ku, via mi investi-gashon mi por yuda komprendée problema na Boneiru. Lokualnos sa ta ku aktividatnanhumano, manera polushon, tahunga un ròl grandi den aktiváe vírùs. Turtuganan di laman takriaturanan hopi spesial anto siturtuganan no ta eksistí mas,esaki lo tin un impakto ribahenter nos eko-sistema.Pa, Carli van MilAprel 2014

PELIGER TA LUR PA TURTUGA BLANKU DEN LAC

ing or surgically removing thetumour, working with the veteri-narian. At present, the rate ofFibropapillomatosis is relativelylow on Bonaire in comparisonto other countries. For example,in Hawaii, Green Turtles have92 % chance of being infectedif they live in or near a lagoon.In Bonaire, capture-releasestudies have shown that ap-proximately 21 % of the GreenTurtles in Lac Bay are infectedwith the disease.

Since not much is knownabout how Fibropapillomatosisinfects turtles and why it in-creased rapidly after its firstsighting, it is important togather as much information aswe can. I hope that with my re-search I can help in the under-standing of the problem onBonaire. What we do know isthat human activities, like pol-lution, play a large role in acti-vating the virus. Sea turtles arewonderful creatures and if seaturtles become extinct, it willimpact the whole ecosystem.

A DANGER LURKS FOR GREENTURTLES IN LAC BAY

Veterinario por kita e tumor dor di mar’é of kòrt’é afó.The veterinarian can remove the tumor by tying them off or surgically removing them.

Turtuga ku tumor na garganta ku ta indiká ku e ta infektáku e vírus Fibropapillomatosis. Turtle with lesions andtumors on the neck, indicates that the turtle is infected

with the Fibropapillomatosis virus.

Página 11MAKUBEKÈNMei 2014

Karko Bonaire

STINAPA Rangers will con-fiscate conch and fish that iscaught while spear fishing frompersons that are caught poach-ing Karko or spear fishing. Be-sides taking the marine lifecaught illegally, the poacher’sgear such as spear guns, snor-keling equipment and any toolswill also be confiscated.

So what happens to theconfiscated fish and/or

conch?The very first thing the

Ranger does is count howmany conch or fish are in thepoacher’s possession andmake a record of it in an officialstatement (process verbaal).This report and the conch istaken to the Public Prosecutoroffice where the staff will indi-

CONFISCATED CONCH AND FISHcate what should be done withthe confiscated conch and/orfish. For example the prosecu-tor will decide that he confis-cated conch and/or fish shouldgo to the Krusada Foundationor Ka’i Minmina. Upon arrival atthese places indicated by theprosecutor, the person receiv-ing the goods needs to sign forthe exact number of conch de-livered. This document is at-tached to the official report andhanded back to The PublicProsecutors office.

Legality and EnforcementPoaching of conch was

identified early on as one of themost significant threats to thesurvival of conch in Lac Bay.Controlling poaching, however,proved problematic at the on-

set of the project because ofthe size of the bay, its multipleaccess points and remoteness.The evidence of poaching (dis-carded empty shells) was clearbut poachers were hard to iden-tify and catch.

There is now a park rangerdedicated to Lac Bay, and theMarine Park rangers patrol thebay regularly. Two fishermenwere also added to the parkrangers’ team to strengthen sur-veillance; they are important ad-vocates of the project amongstthe local population. The vastmajority of fishermen are infavour of conch regulations andwere even prepared to accepta short-term (five-year) morato-rium on the taking of conchfrom the bay. In spite of this, asmall but persistent group of

fishermen is still poachingconch at an estimated take of200 to 300 conch each time,the majority of which are juve-niles and is well beyond thethreshold for sustainability.

it appears that the conchpopulation in Lac Bay is pres-ently so deplet-ed that persis-tent poaching is a significantthreat to their continued sur-vival. If poaching is not bettercontrolled, other efforts to re-store Lac Bay’s conch popu-lation will prove ineffective in thelong-term.

Conch is protected by island

legislation and is listed in Ap-pendix II of CITES and there-fore protected under interna-tional law. Conch imports arenow being strictly controlled andconch sold in restaurants isbeing monitored. There hasbeen a reduction in local conchproducts offered for sale.

Despite struggles enforcingthe conch legislation, theConch Restoration Project rep-resents a huge step forward inunderstanding poaching issuesand has provided better toolsfor nature conservation onBonaire.

Awendia kuedó di karko ta kue karko ku no a bira adulto.E karko ta mas chikí ku un telefon selular.

Nowadays conch poachers take juveniles that have notreached adulthood and will therefore not reproduce. Some

conch is smaller than a mobile phone.

STINAPA Rangers konfiskando saku yená ku karko.STINAPA rangers confiscating bag filled with conch.

Polis yudando STINAPA Rangers ku registrashon di e Karko konfiská.Police assist STINAPA Rangers a hand with registration of the confiscated conch.

E korant aki a bira posibel danki na:Deze krant werd mede mogelijk gemaakt door:

WWF NL

Redactie: Diana Sint Jago & Anouschka van de VenVormgeving: Bonaire Communication Services N.V.

Drukwerk: DeStad Drukkerij, CuraçaoDistributie: Post N.V.

Redakshon: Anouschka van de Ven i Diana Sint JagoKompaginashon: Bonaire Communication Services N.V.

Imprenta: DeStad Drukkerij, CuraçaoAgensia distribuidor: Post N.V.

STINAPA Bonaire, telefoon: 717 - 8444, fax: 717 – 7318,email: info@stinapa.org, website: www.stinapa.org, adres:

Barcadera z/n, Bonaire

Entidat Públiko Boneiru

MCB

Página 12 MAKUBEKÈN Mei 2014

STINAPA Rangers takonfiská karko i piská ku a kuetirando ku harpun for di perso-nanan ku nan a gara ta kuekarko ilegal of ta tira piská. Perono ta e piska i karko so takonfiská, sino tur hèrmènt iekipo ku e persona tin den supoder na momentu ku gar’é.Manera dùikbrel, zuemfen,harpun of kualke otro hèrmènt.

Hopi bia e pregunta akí tabini dilanti: Kiko STINAPA tahasi ku piská of karko ku akonfiská?

Promé kos ku ta hasi takonta i pisa kada karko i piska.Ta traha un prosès verbalkaminda ta nota minusiosa-mente tur kos ku a konfiská itambe dato personal di e per-sona ku a gara. Despues ta baihiba tur pa Ministerio Públikokaminda e fiskal ta disidí kikota pasa ku e karko of piská.

KARKO I PISKÁ KONFISKÁFiskal ta bisa e or’ei ku mesterhiba e karko i piská pa Fun-dashon Krusada òf pa Ka’iMinmina. Ora yega na e lugáindiká pa Fiskal, e persona kurisibí e piská òf karko ta firmapa e kantidat di karko ku el arisibié i e ranger ta pega edokumento firmá na e prosèsverbal i ta entregá esaki naMinisterio Públiko.

Legalidat i Mantenshon diòrdu

Kuementu ilegal di karko fordi tempran a keda identifikákomo un dje menasanan masgrandi pa sobrebibensia dikarko den Lac. Kòntròl riba ekuementu ilegal di karko aresultá problemátiko for dikomienso di e proyekto pamotibu di grandura di e bahia ie múltiple puntonan diaksesibildat anto tambe e área

hopi alehá. Prueba di kuementudi karko ilegal tabata hopi bisto,(kaska di karko bashí ku burakubenta den awa), pero tabatahopi difísil pa identifiká i gara ekuedó di karko.

Awó tin un Marine ParkRanger ku ta dediká su tempukompletu na Lac. Sobra di eMarine Park rangernan tambeta patruya ku boto i outoregularmente einan. A añadídos piskadó na e team di rangerpa yuda reforsá vigilansia; nanta defensornan hopi importantepa e proyekto anto salí for dikomunidat Boneriano . Mayoriagrandi di piskadónan ta diakuerdo ku e reglanan tokantekuementu di karko. Asta nanta prepará pa aseptá unmoratorio kòrtiku (5 aña) ribakuementu di karko. Apesar ditur esaki ainda tin un grupituchikí ku a sigui kue karko i takue alrededor di 200 pa 300karko pa bia, di kua mayoria dinan ta hubenil, leu di yega efase kaminda ta kuminsá ponewebu i drenta e periodo didurabilidat.

Ta parse ku e kantidat dikarko den Lac ta asina tiki.kukuementu ilegal di karko ta unmenasa grandi pa nan sobre-bibensia. Si no pone kòntròlmas estrikto riba kuementuilegal di karko, otro esfuersonanpa hisa e kantidat di karko denLac lo no tin efekto pa futuroriba término largu.

Karko ta protehá pa lei i tariba lista di CITES den Appen-dix II i pa e motibu ei protehábou di lei internashonal. Tinkòntròl estrikto riba impor-tashon di karko for di otro paisi monitoreo riba karko ku ta sirbiden restorant. Tin un bahadaden oferta di produktonan dikarko lokal na benta.

Apesar di tur e lucha pamantenshon di òrdu, e proyektodi restorashon di karko ta unadelanto grandi den komprendée asuntu di kuementu ilegal di

karko i tambe ta duna mihohèrmènt pa konservashon dinaturalesa na Boneiru. Eadelanto aki ta duna STINAPAe empuhe pa traha ku gobièrnu

i sektor privá pa yega nasolushonnan riba kuementuilegal di karko i tambe otroasuntunan riba tereno disustenibilidat.

Junior Ranger yudando ku ponementu bek di karkokonfiská ( ku danki Dios nan no a mata ainda)

na un lugá mas seif.Junior Ranger helping out with returning confiscated

conch (that wasn’t killed yet) to the sea.

STINAPA Ranger ta tene un kabuya ku 30k di karkokonfiská. E tristu ta ku ya a mata esakinan ke men ku nopor pone nan bek. Fiskal ta disidí kiko ta pasa ku e karko

konfiská. Hopi bia fiskal ta disidí pahib’é karko konfiská Krusada.

STINAPA Ranger holding up approximately 30kg ofconfiscated conch. Sadly these conch have already beenkilled so there is no placing them back. The prosecutor’soffice decides what happens with the confiscated conch.

Most of the time it is donated to Krusada.

Pa por kome un plato di karko, di e tamaño ku tin riba eportrèt ku e mannan, mester di masoménos 10 pa 20

karko di tamaño ei pa UN persona por kome. Si a kue Unkarko adulto, 2 hende por a kome for di dje.1 adult conch will serve a meal for 2 people.

Approximately 10 juvenile conch are needed to serve ameal for just 1 person. None of these juvenile conch will

be able to reproduce.

E último aktividat di e kampaña di konsientisashon tabata un pintura bastante grandi pinta pa e artista Adi Figaroa riba un muraya masha grandi, naun lugá stratégiko, meimei di Kralendijk.

The very last activity of the awareness campaign was a mural painted by the Bonairean artist Adi Figaroa on a huge wall, at a strategic place, right inthe middle of Kralendijk.