IPTInstituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas

do Estado de São Paulo

www.ipt.brwww.br.ipv6tf.org

ICT-OSA/Parlay Workshop 2006

Agenda Characteristics Address Space Headers Route Discovery Headers Concatenation Address Types Auto-configuration Mobility Quality of Service Security Experimental Network

Characteristics Characteristics

IPv6

Wide AddressSpace

IPv4Coexistence

Extended Multicast

Scalability

HierarchicAddress

Transition Mechanisms

Fixed LenghtBasic Header

Jumbo DatagramSupport

AnycastSupport

CaracterísticasCaracterísticas

IPv6

Agregaçãode rotas

P2PConnectivity

FragmentationOnly in the origin

IP Mobility(native resources )Efficient

Routing

ChannelReservation

NAT Usage Reduction

Quality of Service(native resources)

Security(native resources)

IPv4 (32bits) 232 = 4 billion addresses

IPv6 (128bits) 2128 = 340 undecillion addresses

200.18.53.60 netmask 255.255.255.0

2001:12F0:502:206:212:F0FF:FEDA:BA61

Address Space

Topological Interface

0 /64 127

001 Infrastructure Site address0 /3 /64/48/32

Headers

14 fields (20 to 60 bytes) 32 bits - addresses Fragmentation occur at each hop Header Checksum occurs at each hop Options Field (variable) – requires extra

processing

8 fields (fixed 40 bytes) 128 bits - addresses Fragmentation occur only at origin There is no checksum Optional heads are placed in

extension heads

Route discovery

H1 R1 R2 R3 H2

ICMP Datagram too big

MTU Discovery Message

MTU = MTU = MTU = MTU =

4500 4500 1500 4500

Technology Maximum length (bytes)Ethernet e Fast-Ethernet 10/100 Mbps 1518Token Ring 4 Mbps 4500

Token Ring 16 Mbps 18000FDDI 4500ATM with AAL5 65535ISDN using PPP 1500TI 4500 (not especifyed)

Header concatenation (1)

(fixed length) variable or fixed length

IPv4 DATA

IPv6 Hop-by-hop TCP+DATADestination Routing Fragment Authenticat. ESP

variable length

Header concatenation (2)

fixed length variable or fixed length

IPv4 DATA

variable length

IPv6 headerNH=Routing

Routing headerNH=Fragment

Fragment headerNH=TCP

TCP header + data

Hop-by-hop Destination Routing Authenticat. ESPIPv6 Fragment TCP+DATA

Address Types (1)

Nó

Origem

NóNóNó

Unicast

Nó

Origem

NóNóNó

Multicast

Nó

Origem

NóNóNó

Anycast

Nó

Origem

NóNóNó

Broadcast

NÃO EXISTE

Address Types(2)

• Address type that establishes P2P connectivity.

• Packages sent to an Unicast address reach exactly the node identified by that address.

• Scopes:• Node-local (::1)• Link-local (FE08::/10)• Site-local (FEC0::/10)• Global (2001::/16)

• Experimental 6Bone (3FFE::/16)• Transition (2002::/16)

Nó

Origem

NóNóNó

Unicast

HTTP

HTTP

NTP

NTP

Host

(3 hops)

(4 hops)

Host

Address Types (3)

Address type used by routers. They identify a group of nodes. (2::/3)

Packages sent to an Anycast address reach the nearest node, based on routes table.

Nó

Origem

NóNóNó

Anycast

HTTP

vídeo

NTP

NTP

Host

(3 hops)

(4 hops)

Host

Address Types (4) Address Type identify a group of

nodes. (FF::/8) Packages sent to a Multicast

address reach all the nodes belonging that group.

The IPv4 broadcast addresses (usually xxx.xxx.xxx.255), in IPv6 are a particular case of multicast address.

Nó

Origem

NóNóNó

Multicast

HTTP

vídeo

NTP

NTP

HostHost

Auto-configuration

MAC Address: 0000:0B0A:2D51

Company-ID Individual Node-ID

Insert FFFE between Company-ID and Node-ID Set U/L bit to 1

Resulting EUI-64 Address: 0200:0BFF:FE0A:2D51

Auto-configuration • Statefull – based on DHCPv6 Server

• Stateless – based on Neighbor DiscoverThe host receives a valid prefix sent by the Neighbor Discover adding to that prefix his unique network interface address (EUI-64).

QoS Traffic Class

0 a 7: asynchronous flow. When traffic jam occurs communication rate slows down.

8 a 15: real time flow.When traffic jam occurs delayed packages are lost to preserve synchronization.

Flow Label Enables efficient flow classification (20 bits).

If one application adopts flow label, all routers handle the packages in the same way to help ensure uniformity in how datagram are delivered.

IP x IP yFL=1

FL=2

ICT & OSA-Parlay Workshop

IPv4IPv6RNP

router

Linuxtunnel

10.206.0.0/162001:12F0:502:206::/64

192.168.1.0/243FFE:2B00:103:1::/64200.18.107.0/24

AP6H AP6VAP4LinuxGW

LinuxGWWinXP WinXP

200.18.107.253 200.18.107.25410.206.0.3

2001:12F0:502:206::3/64

10.206.0.22001:12F0:502:206::2/64

192.168.1.53FFE:2B00:103:1::5/64

192.168.1.43FFE:2B00:103:1::4/64

200.18.107.110.206.0.12001:12F0:502:206::1/64

Anúncio de prefixo(radvd)

M1 M2 M3 M4

M5

H12 H23 H34

Anúncio de prefixo(radvd)