Um Chamado à Intimidade

8/3/2019 Um Chamado à Intimidade

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Gc|trdajv 2<00 |cr Rnoä B~rej`rfv

G`|`

Ghà~fdc O~onw Jcràgdc

Rnydwçc

Rnoä B~rej`rfv

^m gj`m`fc ì dovdmdf`fn

Rnoä B~rej`rfv

Onoj~m` |`rvn fnwvn hdyrc |cfnrà wnrrn|rcf~{df` wnm ` `~vcrd{`áçc |räyd` fc `~vcr/

Gcov`vc gcm c `~vcr;e`wvnhcicrvnLam`dh/gcm

e`wvnhcicrvn/bhcaw|cv/gcm



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Íofdgn

\rniàgdc//////////////////////////////////////////////////////// <>

Ndw ` Nvnrodf`fn /////////////////////////////////////////// <9

^m Gj`m`fc ì Dovdmdf`fn ////////////////////////// 0<

C \nwc f` Mdoj` Gr~{////////////////////////////////// 06

@rm`fdhj` Mcrv`h///////////////////////////////////////// 22

@ Wcbnrb` n c \ng`fc Mcrv`h /////////////////////// 2:@ Hdbnrv`áçc fc \ng`fc//////////////////////////////// 7>

Nz`mdonm-wn/////////////////////////////////////////////////66

Cbnfdëogd`/ ///////////////////////////////////////////////////>0

Wcmcw Wòvcw3///////////////////////////////////////////// 96

Wnrà P~n Odoa~äm Yd~ Dwvc3///////////////////////// 1<

Fdwgd|~h`fc/////////////////////////////////////////////////// 19

Ycgëw( Fdwgí|~hcw( Wçc c W`h f` Vnrr` //////////// :0

Rnw|cofnofc ̀ c Gj`m`fc/////////////////////////// :>



>

\rniàgdc

@c rngnbnr c gcoydvn |`r` |rni`gd`r ‘^m Gj`m`fc ì

Dovdmdf`fn”( gcoinwwc p~n mn wnovd gcm|hnv`mnovn dog`|`{fn i`{ë-hc/ Oçc wcmnovn |nh` `md{`fn p~n vnojc gcm RnoäB~rej`rfv( p~n mn vcro` ~m vòvc w~w|ndvc( m`w v`mbäm|cr gcojngnr wn~w nwgrdvcw n w`bnr f` |rci~ofdf`fn fcwmnwmcw/ @ido`h( gcmc fnidodr c dofnidoíynh3

C màzdmc p~n |cwwc i`{nr( n c i`ác gcm vcv`hwdognrdf`fn( ä fd{nr fc dm|`gvc p~n nwvn hdyrc g`~wc~ nmmdoj` ydf`/ Hdyrc p~n( `hdàw( oçc |cfnrd` vnr ~m vív~hc m`dw`|rc|rd`fc/ ‘^m Gj`m`fc ì Dovdmdf`fn” ä nz`v`mnovn dwvc;

~m `|nhc ~ranovn |`r` ocw `gjna`rmcw( fnwo~fcw fn ocwwcnac( `c gcr`áçc fn Fn~w( `c gnron fn W~` ycov`fn( rnynh`f`nm Grdwvc Knw~w/ Fnwv` icrm`( g`f` g`|ív~hc hnyc~-mn ` ~m`wdognr` dovrcw|ngáçc( o` p~`h i~d gcoircov`fc gcm mdoj`wcbnrb` n hny`fc ` gcowv`v`r ` vcv`h fn|nofëogd` fc Nw|írdvcWòvc |`r` vròwicrm`r( g`|`gdv`r n gcof~{dr c mn~ wnr ocg`mdojc p~n fnyc òf`r/

Fn mòndr` p~n nwvn oçc ä mnr`mnovn ~m hdyrc |`r`wnr hdfc( m`w ~m ynrf`fndrc gj`m`fc fn Fn~w |`r` wnr

`vnofdfc/ Wnofc `wwdm( c hndvcr |nrgnbnrà p~n nwv` oçc ä~m` cbr` fn rà|df` hndv~r`( m`w fn ongnwwàrd` rnihnzçc( o`p~`h wcmcw( |cr fdynrw`w yn{nw( hny`fcw ` |`r`r n mnfdv`rnm ocww`w |r÷|rd`w ydf`w/

@cw p~n gjna`rnm `c ido`h fnwv` kcro`f`( |cwwca`ròvdr p~n oçc m`dw hjnw |nw`rà c i`rfc f` g~h|` n f`gcofno`áçc/ Nm h~a`r fdwwc( ` gcm|rnnowçc fn p~nm wcmcwnm Grdwvc Knw~w; `m`fcw idhjcw fn Fn~w( p~n ocw gj`m`|`r` ~m` |nrindv` n m`dcr dovdmdf`fn gcm Nhn/

@hò G`|rdhnw



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Ndw ` Nvnrodf`fn

Fn~w ä nvnroc n doidodvc! Nwwnw fcdw `vrdb~vcw(

dwch`f`mnovn( kà wçc dm|cwwíyndw fn wnrnm gcm|rnnofdfcw

|nhc jcmnm( p~n ä mcrv`h n vcv`hmnovn hdmdv`fc/ @vä |`r`

vnov`r gcm|rnnofnr n fnidodr nwwnw `vrdb~vcw( c jcmnm wn

~vdhd{` fn nhnmnovcw hdmdv`fcw/ Ocww`w |r÷|rd`w |`h`yr`w

dm|þnm hdmdvnw/

\`r` fnidodr ` nvnrodf`fn( |cr nznm|hc( c jcmnm

|rngdw` fd{nr p~n nh` ä oçc vnr |rdogí|dc( onm idm fn fd`w! C

jcmnm oçc gcowna~n gcm|rnnofnr p~n ` nvnrodf`fn nwvà

`häm fn wn~w gcogndvcw fn vnm|c n nw|`ác( n p~n nwvnw

gcogndvcw( vnm|c#nw|`ác( nwvçc gcovdfcw onww` nvnrodf`fn/

M`dw fdiígdh `dof`( ä gcm|rnnofnr p~n g`f` mcmnovc fnwwn

vnm|c#nw|`ác ä ydwvc fn p~`hp~nr |covc f` nvnrodf`fn(

nvnro`mnovn( vd|c ~m idhmn rcfòfc p~`frc ` p~`frc( cofn

g`f` p~`frc( nwvàvdgc( |cfn wnr `|rngd`fc |nhc Nvnroc(

p~òv`w yn{nw Nhn p~dwnr/ \dcr `dof`( ä gcm|rnnofnr p~n

Fn~w ä c \`d f` nvnrodf`fn!

Nwv` gcm|rnnowçc nz|hdg`( fn ~m` icrm` bàwdg`( `

|rnwgdëogd` fn Fn~w( W~` gdëogd` n W~` |÷w-gdëogd`(

gcojngdf`w gcmc W~` Codwgdëogd`( fn g`f` i`vc p~n noychyn

vcf` ` W~` Grd`áçc( nm g`f` |covc f`p~dhc p~n gcojngnmcw



1

gcmc vnm|c n nw|`ác/ Ä nz`v`mnovn dwvc p~n C |nrmdvn

dovnrinrdr |nwwc`hmnovn nm g`f` p~nwvçc fn ocww`w ydf`w(

gcmc wn iöwwnmcw c ûodgc wnr grd`fc |cr Nhn( wnm p~n vcfc c

rnwvòvn fc wdwvnm` ‟fnwòfn–/ Ä dwvc p~n C |nrmdvn gcogdhd`r

W~` wcbnròd` gcm hdyrnw nwgchj`w fc jcmnm( i`{nofc W~`

ycov`fn wn g~m|rdr `vr`yäw f` |r÷|rd` ycov`fn fc wnr

j~mòc( wnm m~f`r fn dfäd` ` g`f` `vdv~fn ocww`( gcmc wn

vdynwwn wdfc |nac fn w~r|rnw`/

Fdòvn fdwvc( wcmcw hny`fcw ` gcogcrf`r gcm c

Wnojcr( p~òfc Nhn fd{; "\cdw cw mn~w |now`mnovcw oçc wçc

cw |now`mnovcw fn ycgëw( onm cw wn~w g`mdojcw wçc cw

mn~w g`mdojcw" n "@wwdm gcmc cw gä~w wçc m`dw `hvcw fc

p~n ` vnrr`( v`mbäm cw mn~w g`mdojcw wçc m`dw `hvcw fc

p~n cw wn~w g`mdojcw n cw mn~w |now`mnovcw m`dw `hvcw fc

p~n cw wn~w |now`mnovcw” *Dw >>/:-4$/

@wwdm( onww` w`bnfcrd` doidodv`mnovn w~|nrdcr ì

ocww`( Fn~w |rcydfnogdc~( o` nvnrodf`fn( m`w vr`{nofc |`r`

~m` icrm` p~n gc~bnwwn nm ocww` gcm|rnnowçc( c

nwgâof`hc f` Gr~{! N nwv` ä ` icrm` fn Fn~w hdf`r gcm c

|ng`fc! Nhn `vr`d~ vcf`w `w |nwwc`w ì Gr~{( ` idm fn p~n(

`vr`yäw fnh`( icwwn gcow~m`f` ` W~` K~wvdá`; gcofno`áçc(

|`r` p~nm ` rnkndv` gcmc ûodgc g`mdojc p~n hny` ì

rngcogdhd`áçc ar`v~dv` gcm Fn~w( c~ w`hy`áçc( |`r` p~nm `

rngnbn n `|hdg` ì w~` |r÷|rd` ydf` gcmc c G`mdojc f`

Ynrf`fn!



:

M`w c |now`mnovc |np~noc n hdmdv`fc fc jcmnm c

hny` ` b~wg`r g`mdojcw `hvnro`vdycw( vòvc |`r` wn

`|rczdm`r( p~òvc |`r` wn ì`wv`r fn Fn~w/ C p~n p~nr wn

`|rczdm`r( o` w~` |r÷|rd` icrá`( oc wn~ |r÷|rdc

gcojngdmnovc( ò~h` ` mnowànm fn Knw~w( fn p~n c Rndoc

Nvnroc fcw Gä~w nwvà |r÷zdmc n p~n b`wv` ` iä o` w~idgdëogd`

f` cbr` fn Grdwvc o` Gr~{( |`r` novr`r onhn/ Cw p~n `wwdm

ànm( fnwgcowdfnr`m ` Ar`á` n wn |nof~r`m o` hnd( wnk` nh`

p~`h icr( ìdrmòfc p~n nwvn ä c g`mdojc gnrvc/ @wwdm(

vnov`m i`{nr gcm p~n ` nvnrodf`fn fn|nof` n g`db` fnovrc

fn ~m hdyrc; p~`hp~nr hdyrc p~n hjnw `|rnwnovn `ha~m` hnd( c~

`hac p~n |cww`m vròwicrm`r nm hnd!

Kà c p~n p~nr wn ì`wv`r fn Fn~w( oçc |nrgnbn p~n(

`dof` p~n w~b` `cw gä~w( c~( `dof` p~n fnwá` `c m`dw

|rci~ofc `bdwmc( o~og` |cfnrà nwv`r hcoan fc Wnojcr( c

wn~ Grd`fcr! Vnov`( nm yçc( yd`k`r |cr g`mdojcw p~n

`|`rnov`m wnr hdyrnw fn Fn~w( wnm |nrgnbnr p~n Nhn nwvà `hd

v`mbäm( cbwnryòfc `p~nh` grd`v~r` p~n wn dmàdo` fn~w n

p~n( |cr dwvc( fd{ oçc nzdwvdr ~m Fn~w! Wn |nrfn o` hdmdv`áçc

fn w~` |r÷|rd` y`df`fn( `c doyäw fn wn nogcovr`r o` y`wvdfçc

f` nvnrodf`fn/

‘F`í nm fdòvn Knw~w gcmnác~ ` |rna`r; ‟@rrn|nof`m-

wn( |cdw c Rndoc fcw gä~w nwvà |r÷zdmc–" *Mv 6/01$/ Nhn oçc

i`h`y` wcbrn ~m` |rczdmdf`fn oc ‘vnm|c”( `hac p~n y`d



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gjna`r hcac( m`w fn ~m` |rczdmdf`fn oc ‘nw|`ác”( `hac p~n

nwvà `gnwwíynh( |cdw Nhn mnwmc ä c G`mdojc |`r` nww`

nvnrodf`fn rn|rnwnov`f` |cr ‟Rndoc fcw gä~w–/ @ofòfc |cr

nwwn g`mdojc `|nrv`fc f`w fdidg~hf`fnw n novròfc |nh`

|crv` nwvrndv`( |nh` p~`h w÷ |`ww` ~m` |nwwc` fn g`f` yn{(

oçc ~m ar~|c( |`ww`mcw ` i`{nr |`rvn fnww` nvnrodf`fn(

|crp~n nwv`mcw o`w mçcw fc \`d f` nvnrodf`fn n( fn W~`w

mçcw( odoa~äm ocw `rrnb`v`! N c `rrn|nofdmnovc p~n Nhn

ocw gcbr` ä( `|no`w( p~n ` anovn |`rn fn `grnfdv`r p~n

wcmcw fn~wnw( c~ p~n |cfnmcw gjna`r ` Fn~w `vr`yäw fc

ocwwc |r÷|rdc nwicrác( gcmc Dwr`nh `grnfdv`y` p~n wnrd`!

Dwvc ä ~m gcoydvn |`r` nmb`rg`rmcw nm W~`w

\`h`yr`w( vcm`rmcw h~a`r wcb c Wn~ k~ac w~`yn( noyd`rmcw

ocwwcw i`rfcw |`r` hcoan( `vr`yäw fNhn( n yd`k`rmcw

nvnro`mnovn nm W~` gcm|òjd`!

\r÷zdm` |`rvdf`( àcr` mnwmc! Ä w÷ ycgë p~nrnr(

gcoid`r n vcm`r c wn~ h~a`r( p~n kà nwvà rnwnry`fc!

Vnoj`m vcfcw ~m` ÷vdm` ydànm!



0<

^m Gj`m`fc ì Dovdmdf`fn

Knw~w ocw nowdoc~( c vnm|c vcfc( ` b~wg`rmcw

dovdmdf`fn gcm c Fn~w \`d/ Cw k~fn~w vdoj`m mnfc *n `dof`

vëm$( `vä mnwmc( fn |rco~ogd`r c ocmn fn Fn~w/ @í( `c ocw

nowdo`r ` cr`r( Nhn kà fnmcowvr` p~n fnynmcw ocw fdrdadr

gcm dovdmdf`fn ` Fn~w( wnm mnfcw( gj`mòfc-C fn \`d/

Oçc w÷ onww` cr`áçc( m`w v`mbäm o` |`ràbch` fc idhjc|r÷fdac n c~vr`w fdynrw`w |`wwànow bíbhdg`w( `

fnmcowvr`áçc p~n vnmcw ä fn ~m rnh`gdco`mnovc íovdmc fn

\`d n idhjc/ M`w c p~n ä( nz`v`mnovn( ydynr nww` dovdmdf`fn3

Wnrd`( `|no`w( oc mcmnovc fn i`h`r gcm c \`d( c~ p~òfc

ychv`mcw noynracoj`fcw( gcm c ‘r`bdojc novrn `w |nro`w”(

|`r` |nfdr c Wn~ |nrfçc3

Novnofc p~n nww` dovdmdf`fn ä bnm m`dw fc p~n dwvc/

Ocww` ydf` íovdm` gcm Fn~w fnyn wn mòdinwv`r ` vcfc

mcmnovc( nm vcfcw cw fd`w( `vr`yäw fn ocww`w `vdv~fnw

fdòvn fn Fn~w n fdòvn fcw jcmnow/ Onwvn `w|ngvc( ynkc `

|`ràbch` f` aròfn gnd`( nm H~g`w 06/09-26( gcmc ~m`

aròfn dofdg`áçc |`r` dwwc/

Onww` |`ràbch`( gnrvc jcmnm( p~n rn|rnwnov` Fn~w(

gcoydf` ` m~dv`w |nwwc`w |`r` |`rvdgd|`rnm fn ~m` aròfn

gnd` p~n nhn j`yd` |rn|`r`fc/ Cr`( gnrv`mnovn( nwwn jcmnm



00

gcoydfc~ |nwwc`w fn wn~ rnh`gdco`mnovc íovdmc( |`r`

gcoir`vnrod{`rnm gcm nhn/ Gcmc nwvn jcmnm rn|rnwnov` `

Fn~w( `w |nwwc`w p~n Nhn gcoydfc~ wçc( jckn( cw grdwvçcw(

`p~nhnw p~n `gndv`r`m c gj`m`fc |`r` wnrnm fdwgí|~hcw fn

Knw~w( wna~dofc Wn~w |`wwcw/ M`w( gcmc fdwwn oc doígdc( o÷w

wcmcw gj`m`fcw ` vnr dovdmdf`fn gcowvòvn gcm c Wnojcr(

nm ocwwc fd` ` fd`( oçc `|no`w p~òfc icrmcw |`r` c gä~/

Fnww` icrm`( |cfnmcw novnofnr nwwn gcoydvn |`r` ` aròfn

gnd` gcmc wnofc ~m gcoydvn gcowvòvn( |nrmònovn( fdàrdc/

M`w gcmc nwwn gcoydvn ocw ä indvc3 @ vcfc mcmnovc(

w~ranm( fdòvn fn o÷w( `p~nh`w ‘bc`w cbr`w( `w p~`dw Fn~w

fn òvnmçc |rn|`rc~ |`r` p~n òfàwwnmcw onh`w” *Ni 2/0<$/

Nww`w cbr`w oçc wn hdmdv`m ì ocww` `k~f` ` |nwwc`w p~n

vnoj`m |`ww`fc |cr ~m` g`vàwvrcin o`v~r`h( ` |cycw p~n

|`ww`m icmn( ` ÷riçcw n ` ydûy`w/ Nww`w bc`w cbr`w wçc

m~dvc m`dw o~mnrcw`w n m~dvc m`dw gcm~ow nm ocww`w

ydf`w( fc p~n vnmcw rn`hmnovn |nrgnbdfc/

O` |`ràbch`( Knw~w wn rninrn ` fnwg~h|`w gcm~ow n

p~n( `|`rnovnmnovn( oçc wçc `vdv~fnw màw( `w p~`dw ~w`mcw

|`r` oçc `vnofnrmcw `c gcoydvn fn Fn~w/ Nhn fd{ p~n

~w`mcw gcmc fnwg~h|`w ocww`w |r÷|rd`w cbrda`áþnw fdàrd`w(

p~n( nm wd mnwm`w( oçc wçc màw/ Oçc ä nrr`fc ocw

gcognovr`rmcw nm ocwwc vr`b`hjc/ Oçc ä nrr`fc g~df`rmcw

fcw bnow p~n c Wnojcr ocw novrnac~ |`r` `fmdodwvr`rmcw/

Oçc ä nrr`fc g~df`rmcw fn ocww`w i`míhd`w/ C nrrc oçc nwvà



02

odwwc! C nrrc nwvà nm gchcg`rmcw v`dw gcdw`w `gdm` fn ocwwc

rnh`gdco`mnovc íovdmc gcm c Wnojcr/ Nhn vnm ` |rdm`{d`

wcbrn vcf`w `w gcdw`w! Ä |`r` Nhn p~n fnynmcw chj`r( mnwmc

fdòvn f`w p~nwvþnw m`dw wdm|hnw fn ocwwc gcvdfdòc/

Novçc( o` ynrf`fn( Knw~w nwvà fd{nofc; ‘Hnmbr`

p~òfc `p~nhn mnofdac hjn |nfd~ ~m |r`vc fn gcmdf` n

ycgë fdwwn p~n oçc |cfnrd` `vnofë-hc( |crp~n nwv`y` nm

gdm` f` jcr` fn dr vr`b`hj`r3 Nr` n~ p~n nwv`y` gcoydfòfc

ycgë ` w`gd`r ` mdoj` icmn fn dovdmdf`fn gcm ycgë! Hnmbr`

p~òfc `p~nhn yd{dojc hjn |nfd~ c g`rrc nm|rnwv`fc |`r`

hny`r ` nw|cw` `c jcw|dv`h n ycgë fdwwn p~n oçc |cfnrd`

`vnofë-hc( |crp~n ycgë nr` {nhcwc gcm wn~ |`vrdmöodc n oçc

|cfnrd` gcrrnr c rdwgc fn fòdidgà-hc3 Nr` n~ p~n nwv`y`

gcoydfòfc ycgë ` vnr dovdmdf`fn gcmdac `vr`yäw fc mn~

m`dcr |`vrdmöodc; c wnr j~mòc! Hnmbr` p~òfc `p~nhn wn~

|`rnovn icd gjcr`r w~` fcr gcm ycgë n( |crp~n nwv`y`

i`{nofc c kòv`r |`r` ` w~` i`míhd`( ycgë fdwwn ` nhn p~n

ychv`wwn c~vr` jcr`3 Nr` n~ p~n nwv`y` gcoydfòfc ycgë `

vnr( gcmdac( ` dovdmdf`fn fn ~m` i`míhd`!”/

C Wnojcr gcojngn vcf`w `w ocww`w cbrda`áþnw( vcf`w

`w ocww`w ongnwwdf`fnw/ M`w ä Nhn p~n w~wvnov` vcf`w `w

gcdw`w |nh` |`h`yr` fc Wn~ |cfnr/ \cr dwvc( p~òfc ocw

fn|`r`mcw gcm `ha~m` gdrg~owvâogd` p~n fnmòfn `mcr(

|dnf`fn( oçc |cfnmcw fndz`r fn `vnofë-hC( |cr m`dw ‘wòv`”

p~n wnk` ` ocww` fnwg~h|`/ Kà p~n Nhn w~wvnov` vcf`w `w



07

gcdw`w( `vnofë-hC oçc drà |rnk~fdg`r o`f` p~n nwvnk`mcw |cr

i`{nr/ \cfnmcw vnr ` gnrvn{` fn p~n nm m~dvc m`dw yn{nw fc

p~n dmàdo`mcw( Nhn nwvà ocw fd{nofc; ‘Nwvn ä c g`mdojc(

òfn |cr nhn n ycgë vnrà dovdmdf`fn gcmdac!”/



06

C \nwc f` Mdoj` Gr~{

B~wgc/ Jà m~dvc vnm|c vnojc b~wg`fc m`dcr

dovdmdf`fn gcm c Wnojcr Knw~w/ P~òv`w yn{nw kà |nra~ovnd;

‘Wnojcr( p~n i`rnd |`r` jnrf`r ` ydf` nvnro`3”/ P~òv`w

yn{nw h~vnd gcovr` mn~w |ng`fcw( |nowòfc nm `vdoadr

v`mòj` wòvdf`fn p~n |nrmdvdwwn `c Wnojcr vnr gcm~ojçc

gcmdac! P~òv`w yn{nw gh`mnd `c Wnojcr( |`r` p~n Nhn

rnwchynwwn mn~w |rcbhnm`w( ` idm fn p~n n~ vdynwwn

gcofdáþnw fn i`{nr ` W~` ycov`fn! P~òv`w yn{nw gcofnond

`c mn~ |r÷zdmc |cr nrr`r( cofn n~ nwv`y` `gnrvòfc( `c

mnwmc vnm|c nm p~n mn nwg~w`y` |cr nrr`r( cofn nhn

nwv`y` `gnrvòfc! P~òv`w yn{nw c k~ha~nd( |cr oçc wnr

gcmc n~! P~òv`w yn{nw c fnw|rn{nd( |cr oçc wnr gcmc n~!

P~òv`w yn{nw( p~òv`w yn{nw///

Gcmc ä fdiígdh novnofnr ` ynrf`fn f` \`h`yr` fc

Wnojcr( p~n fd{; ‘|crp~n nwvrndv` ä ` |crv`( n `|nrv`fc( c

g`mdojc p~n gcof~{ |`r` ` ydf`///” *Mv 1/06 ‗ ardic mn~$/

M`w( ar`á`w ` Fn~w( c Nw|írdvc Wòvc ocw nowdo` vcf`w `w

gcdw`w/ N( gcm c |`ww`r fc vnm|c( gcm ` nych~áçc fcw

`gcovngdmnovcw( Nhn ocw mcwvr` p~n c g`mdojc ä `|nrv`fc

|`r` `p~nhnw p~n oçc wna~nm ì rdwg` ` crdnov`áçc fn Knw~w;

‘///Wn `ha~äm p~nr ydr `|÷w mdm( ` wd mnwmc wn ona~n(



0>

fd` ` fd` vcmn ` w~` gr~{ n wda`-mn” *Hg 4/27 ‗ ardic

mn~$/

Ona`r ` wd mnwmc ä òf`r o` ‘gcovr`mçc” fc m~ofc/

Nop~òvc c m~ofc ocw nwvdm~h` *`vä nzdan$ ` g~df`rmcw f`

ocww` `|`rëogd`( b~wg`rmcw c m`dcr gcoicrvc |cwwíynh(

w`vdwi`{nrmcw vcf`w `w ocww`w ycov`fnw( vnov`rmcw rn`hd{`r

vcfcw cw ocwwcw wcojcw( ~w`rmcw vcfcw cw mndcw fdw|coíyndw

|`r` `hgòá`rmcw ` ocww` inhdgdf`fn( mnwmc p~n dwvc g`~wn

` doinhdgdf`fn fn c~vrcw( c Nyòanhjc ocw hny` ` oçc ocw

|rncg~|`rmcw gcm `|`rëogd`( gcoicrvc( w`vdwi`áçc fn

ycov`fnw |nwwc`dw5 ocw hny` ` `brdrmcw mçc fn ocwwcw

wcojcw nm vrcg` fn g~m|rdrmcw ` ycov`fn fc \`d( n ocw

nowdo` p~n c ûodgc g`mdojc |`r` ` inhdgdf`fn |nwwc`h äb~wg`r ` inhdgdf`fn fn Fn~w n fcw jcmnow/

Ocrm`hmnovn( |now`mcw p~n( `c ona`rmcw ` o÷w

mnwmcw( nwv`rnmcw novròfc nm ~m` ydf` fn fchcrcwcw

w`grdiígdcw( fn ‘|à`mnovc fn |rnácw”/ \cräm( oçc ä dwvc c

p~n `gcovngn o` |ràvdg`/ P~òfc( ynrf`fndr`mnovn( `m`mcw

` Fn~w n `cw jcmnow( c ocwwc fnwnkc wnrà c fn p~n nhnw

wnk`m inhd{nw/ Dwvc p~nr fd{nr p~n( p~òfc nhnw idg`rnm

inhd{nw( `~vcm`vdg`mnovn idg`rnmcw w`vdwindvcw n( |crvòvc(

inhd{nw v`mbäm/



09

Dwwc `gcovngn p~òfc( |cr nznm|hc( ~m grdmdocwc

gcofno`fc wn novrna` `c wnojcrdc fn Knw~w/ Oçc dm|crv` wn

vdynmcw |`rvdgd|`áçc onwv` gcoynrwçc( c~ oçc/ C p~n

dm|crv` ä p~n ~m` `hm` icd rnwa`v`f` f`w mçcw fc dodmdac/

Nwv` `hm` nwv`rà inhd{ |nh` hdbnrv`áçc fn wn~ g`vdyndrc

nw|drdv~`h n |nh` |cwwdbdhdf`fn fn nogcovr`r c vnwc~rc p~n

nwvà cg~hvc oc g`m|c/ N ocwwc Fn~w \`d v`mbäm nwv`rà inhd{(

|cr `ydwv`r `c hcoan c wn~ idhjc |r÷fdac ychvòfc/ Wn

`m`mcw ` Fn~w n `c |r÷zdmc( idg`rnmcw inhd{nw gcm `

inhdgdf`fn fc grdmdocwc n gcm ` inhdgdf`fn fc ocwwc Wnojcr!

@wwdm( nwv` ä ` rngndv` p~n c Nyòanhjc ocw fà( |`r` `

ocww` inhdgdf`fn; ‘`mnm ` Fn~w n `c |r÷zdmc! Fndznm p~n c

Wnojcr `grnwgnovn v~fc c p~n icr rn`hmnovn ongnwwàrdc |`r`

`w w~`w ydf`w”/

Dwwc ocw hny` ` gcogh~dr p~n( `c doyäw fn ‘|à`rmcw

~m |rnác”( `c doyäw fn novr`rmcw nm ~m` ydf` fn

wcirdmnovc( p~òfc fd{nmcw ‘oçc” |`r` `w ocww`w ycov`fnw(

o` ynrf`fn( nwv`rnmcw òfòfc oc g`mdojc p~n ocw vr`{

inhdgdf`fn/ Onwvn g`mdojc( w÷ drnmcw wcirnr p~òfc oçc

p~dwnrmcw `brdr mçc fn ~m` ycov`fn ocww`( `c b~wg`rmcw `

inhdgdf`fn fn Fn~w n fcw jcmnow/ Wn n~ oçc `brc mçc fn

gcmnr ‘mòk`rnw nw|ngd`dw”( yc~ wcirnr m~dvc `c cinrv`r mn~

fdojndrc `c Wnojcr( |crp~n oçc y`d wcbr`r c w~idgdnovn |`r`

n~ w`vdwi`{nr c mn~ fnwnkc/ Wn n~ oçc `brc mçc fn ~m`

|rcar`m`áçc o` vnhnydwçc( yc~ wcirnr m~dvc `c vnr p~n w`dr



01

|`r` ‟i`{nr ` cbr` fn Fn~w–( |crp~n oçc yc~ w`vdwi`{nr mn~

fnwnkc fn `wwdwvdr mn~ |rcar`m` i`ycrdvc/ Wn n~ oçc `brc

mçc fn k~ha`r `cw c~vrcw( yc~ wcirnr m~dvc `c vnr p~n

|nrfc`r( |crp~n oçc yc~ w`vdwi`{nr c mn~ fnwnkc fn p~n cw

c~vrcw wn fnnm m`h/ Wn n~ oçc `brc mçc fn gcov`r c

wnarnfc fn `ha~äm |`r` c~vr` |nwwc`( yc~ wcirnr m~dvc `c

wnr rn|rnnofdfc( |crp~n oçc yc~ w`vdwi`{nr c mn~ fnwnkc fn

wnr c ‘fcoc f` ynrf`fn n fc gcojngdmnovc”/ Wn n~ oçc `brc

mçc f` mdoj` wcbnrb` v`mbäm o`w |np~no`w gcdw`w( yc~

wcirnr m~dvc `c wnr fdwgd|hdo`fc |nhc Wnojcr( |crp~n oçc yc~

w`vdwi`{nr c mn~ fnwnkc fn mn `wwnov`r `gdm` fc Vrcoc fn

Fn~w/

N c Wnojcr mn fd{ p~n( |`r` wna~d-Hc( fnyc g`rrna`r `mdoj` |r÷|rd` gr~{( vcfcw cw fd`w/ P~n |nwc dow~|crvàynh!

Chjc |`r` c g`mdojc ì irnovn( nm fdrnáçc `c G`hyàrdc( n nhn

|`rngn oçc vnr idm/ \`rngn p~n oçc yc~ w~|crv`r c |nwc fn

vcf`w `w gcdw`w p~n icrm`m ` mdoj` gr~{/ C |nwc f`w

mdoj`w dok~wvdá`w |`r` gcm cw c~vrcw/ C |nwc f` mdoj`

wcbnrb` dm|rnao`f` nm g`f` `vc mn~; ~m` wcbnrb` p~n

wnm|rn mn hnyc~ ` k~ha`r ìp~nhnw p~n nwv`y`m nm ~m

nwvàadc m`dw `hvc o` iä( `c mnwmc vnm|c p~n mn hny`y` `

fnw|rn{`r `cw p~n nr`m m`dw ir`gcw onh`5 wcbnrb` p~n

wnm|rn mn hnyc~ ` |now`r p~n nr` c mnhjcr göok~an fc

m~ofc( c mnhjcr |`d( c mnhjcr idhjc( c mnhjcr nwv~fòvn( c



0:

mnhjcr vr`b`hj`fcr( c mnhjcr `mdac( c mnhjcr gchna`( c

mnhjcr grdwvçc( c mnhjcr nm v~fc///

Ä nww` wcbnrb` p~n mn hny` ` fdwg~vdr gcm cw c~vrcw(

wnm gcowdfnr`r o`f` nm i`ycr fnhnw( vçc wcmnovn( p~n nhnw

nwvçc nrr`fcw n n~ gnrvc/ Ä nh` p~n mn hny` ` oçc `gndv`r c

`rrn|nofdmnovc fn `ha~äm( |crp~n nww` |nwwc` oçc |cfn

wnr m`dw j~mdhfn p~n n~/ Ä nh` p~n mn hny` ` oçc |nrfc`r

cw nrrcw fcw c~vrcw( |crp~n nhnw vëm p~n wnr |nrindvcw gcmc

n~/ Ä nh` p~n mn hny` ` `|rcy`r `hac indvc |cr c~vr` |nwwc`(

m`w `grnwgnovòfc p~n n~ i`rd` fdinrnovn( |`r` p~n idg`wwn

mnhjcr/ Ä nh` p~n mn hny` ` p~nrnr g~m|rdr ` hnd wcbrn c

|ng`fc fcw c~vrcw( m`w nzdadr ` ar`á` wcbrn c mn~ |ng`fc/

Ä nh` p~n mn hny` ` |now`r p~n |cwwc ‟i`{nr– `ha~m` gcdw`|`r` jnrf`r ` ydf` nvnro`( `c doyäw fn `gndv`r c `mcr n c

|nrfçc fn Fn~w( nm Grdwvc Knw~w gr~gdidg`fc n rnww~rrnvc( n

gcoid`r p~n c m`dw Nhn i`rà/ Ä nh` p~n mn hny` ` |now`r p~n

|cwwc mn wòvdidg`r( |`r` p~n c Wnojcr Wn `|rczdmn fn

mdm/ @gndv`r ` ar`á` ä gcoidrm`r p~n wc~ dog`|`{ fn i`{nr

p~`hp~nr gcdw` p~n mn k~wvdidp~n fdòvn fn Fn~w n dwvc ä

gcovràrdc `c p~n mn fd{ ` mdoj` wcbnrb`/

M`w( ar`á`w ` Fn~w( ~m` `~vcrdf`fn w~|nrdcr

fnvnrmdoc~ p~n Wdmçc hny`wwn ` gr~{ fn Knw~w `vä c

G`hyàrdc/ F` mnwm` icrm`( ~m` `~vcrdf`fn w~|nrdcr( Knw~w(



04

fnvnrmdoc~ p~n Nhn |r÷|rdc wnrd` mn~ gcm|òjndrc fn k~ac

n fdydfdrd` c |nwc gcmdac/ M`dw fc p~n dwvc( Nhn fdwwn p~n mn

`hdyd`rd` f` mdoj` wcbrng`ra`( wn n~ vcm`wwn wcbrn mdm c

Wn~ k~ac n `|rnofnwwn gcm Nhn/ @wwdm( n~ `gj`rd` fnwgòwc(

|crp~n c Wn~ k~ac ä w~`yn n c Wn~ i`rfc ä hnyn/ @|rnofnofc

gcm Nhn( Wn~ Nw|írdvc mn |~rdidg` fd` ` fd`( `vr`yäw f` W~`

\`h`yr`( n fnwg~brc p~n c |nwc y`d wnofc `rròg`fc fn

mn~w cmbrcw/

P~n `híydc vrnmnofc ä nwv`r gjnaòfc fn ychv` ì g`w`

fn mn~ \`d n |nrgnbnr p~n Nhn yndc gcrrnofc `vä mdm( òvnw

mnwmc p~n n~ gjna`wwn hà/ Ä gcmc ~m bàhw`mc wcbrn ~m`

inrdf` wnovdr c `mcrcwc `br`ác fn ocwwc \`d Gnhnwvd`h( Wn~w

bndkcw ìnv~cwcw n W~` dmnow` `hnard` |cr mdoj` ychv` ì W~`g`w`/ P~n |`{ vrnmnof` n~ wdovc `c |nrgnbnr p~n Nhn oçc

p~nr p~n n~ |ná` |nrfçc |nhcw mn~w |ng`fcw( |crp~n Nhn kà

yd~ c `rrn|nofdmnovc nm mn~ gcr`áçc( n onm p~nr m`dw

p~n n~ idp~n i`hòfc wcbrn nhnw/ P~n `hnard` n~ wdovc `c

novnofnr p~n v~fc c p~n Nhn m`dw p~nr ä vnr gcm~ojçc

gcmdac( p~n n~ oçc w`d` m`dw fn W~` |rnwnoá`/ P~n

inhdgdf`fn ä w`bnr p~n Nhn gcowdfnr` mcrvc c mn~ ‘ynhjc n~”

n w÷ Wn dovnrnww` |nhc ‘ocyc jcmnm” p~n c Wn~ Nw|írdvc nwvà

icrmòfc nm mdm( àcr`/



2<

@c `vnofnr `c gj`m`fc fn dr ` Knw~w( vcm`r wcbrn

mdm c Wn~ k~ac n `|rnofnr gcm Nhn( vcfc c |nwc f` mdoj`

gr~{ nwvà wnofc fnwindvc/ Wn~ Nw|írdvc nwvà rn`hmnovn mn

`hdydòfc n mn i`{nofc wnovdr ` hnyn{` fn Wn~ i`rfc/ C

Wnojcr vnm( fd` ` fd`( `rròg`fc fn mdm g`f` dvnm p~n

|nw`y` gcovr` mdm/ Dwvc mn i`{ |now`r p~n( `c fd{nr p~n

fnynmcw vcm`r ocww` gr~{ fd` ` fd` n wna~d-Hc( c Wnojcr(

o` ynrf`fn( p~nr p~n rngcojná`mcw `w gcdw`w p~n |nw`m

wcbrn o÷w( |`r` p~n Nhn |cww` vr`v`r( gcownrv`r( ì mnfdf`

p~n gcogcrf`mcw gcm Nhn n p~n |nrmdvdmcw wnrmcw

mchf`fcw ì W~` wnmnhjòá`/

Wna~dr `c Wnojcr ä nwv`r gcowgdnovn fn p~n wnrnd

vròwicrm`fc vcfcw cw fd`w( `vä `hgòá`r ` |nrindáçc fnwòvdf`fn p~n mn |nrmdvdrà ynr `c \`d/ Ä nwv`r gcowgdnovn fn

p~n nm mn~w fd`w( `p~d o` vnrr`( |cwwc oçc vnr onm cofn

rnghdo`r mdoj` g`bná`/ Ä nwv`r gcowgdnovn fn p~n c m~ofc

wnrà gcovr` mdm n( mnwmc `wwdm( |cwwc mn òdm`r( |crp~n

c Wnojcr ynogn~ c m~ofc/ Ä nwv`r gcowgdnovn fn p~n |cwwc

|`ww`r |cr doûmnr`w |rdy`áþnw( |cräm( c Wnojcr nwv`rà

gcmdac n o`f` y`d mn wn|`r`r fc Wn~ `mcr/ Wna~dr `c

Wnojcr ä oçc |now`r m`dw nm yòvànow |`r` ` mdoj` ydf`(

|crp~n kà oçc wc~ m`dw n~ p~n ydyc( m`w Grdwvc ydyn nm

mdm/ Wna~dr `c Wnojcr ä òf`r oc g`mdojc `|nrv`fc( `p~nhn

g`mdojc cofn oçc g`bn onoj~m` fnww`w ocww`w ycov`fnw/



20

Wna~dr `c Wnojcr mn i`{ oçc |now`r m`dw oc |nwc f`

mdoj` gr~{( onm |now`r oc gcoicrvc n o` wna~ròá` |`r`

mdm mnwmc/ N~ C wdac gcm ` gnrvn{` fn p~n ` mdoj` ydf` ä

c fnw|ckc w~idgdnovn |`r` mdm( |crp~n Nhn w`bn v~fc c p~n ä

ongnwwàrdc |`r` p~n Wn~ |rc|÷wdvc wn g~m|r` nm mdm( wnm

` ongnwwdf`fn *m~dvc mnocw( ` |cwwdbdhdf`fn$ fn p~n n~ C

fdrdk`/ Mn `hnarc gcm W~`w |`h`yr`w; ‘\cdw gnrv`mnovn vn

w`hy`rnd( n oçc g`dràw ì nw|`f`( |crp~n ` v~` ydf` vn wnrà

gcmc fnw|ckc( |crp~òvc gcoid`wvn nm mdm” *Kr 74/0:$/



22

@rm`fdhj` Mcrv`h

‘Cr`( ` wnr|novn nr` c m`dw `wv~vc fn vcfcw cw

òdm`dw wnhyànow p~n c Wnojcr Fn~w vdoj` indvc/// Fdwwn `

wnr|novn ì m~hjnr; /// oc fd` nm p~n fnhn gcmnrnm( wn~w

chjcw wn `brdrçc( n ycgëw wnrçc gcmc Fn~w( gcojngnfcrnw fc

bnm n fc m`h" *Ao 7$/ Nm c~vr`w |`h`yr`w( W`vòàw nwv`y`

fd{nofc; ‘Ycgëw vëm fdrndvcw! Ycgëw wçc idhjcw fc Rnd! Oçc

wçc |c~g` gcdw`( oçc! Cofn nwvà ` fdaodf`fn fn ycgëw3

Ycgëw wçc m~dvc m`dw fdaocw fc p~n `|`rnov`m! Ycgëw wçc `

dmànm fc |r÷|rdc Fn~w( da~`dw ` Nhn!”/

@ha~äm |cfn fd{nr p~n o~og` ‟c~yd~– nww`w |`h`yr`w(hà oc wn~ íovdmc3 Wn ycgë |cfn fd{nr p~n o~og` `w c~yd~(

g~df`fc! Jà ~m h`ác wcb wn~w |äw( p~n wnrà |~z`fc n

`|nrv`fc ` p~`hp~nr mcmnovc! W`vòàw w÷ |cfn àdr gcm `

|nrmdwwçc fn Fn~w( m`w Nwvn ~w` `p~nhn |`r` ocw

`|nrindác`r( |`r` |rcy`r ocww` iä |`r` o÷w mnwmcw( |`r`

fnwyd`r cw p~n wçc rn|rcy`fcw( noidm( |`r` g~m|rdr Wn~w

|rc|÷wdvcw/

Fnwfn c gcmnác( W`vòàw vnovc~( gcm ëzdvc( `rr~do`r

` rnh`áçc |~r` n fdrnv` novrn c jcmnm n Fn~w/ @|÷w ocww`

p~nf`( nhn gcovdo~c~( gcm m~dvc ëzdvc( ` ocw ì`wv`r fc



27

G`mdojc f` rngcogdhd`áçc gcm Fn~w/ Nhn gcovdo~c~ ` ocw

nowdo`r ` wnrmcw wcbnrbcw! Nhn n o÷w |nrfnmcw c

rnh`gdco`mnovc fn \`d n idhjcw( novrn Fn~w n o÷w( |cr g`~w`

f` wcbnrb`/ N nwvn gcovdo~` wnofc c g`mdojc f` wn|`r`áçc(

mnwmc fn|cdw f` cbr` |nrindv` fn Grdwvc( |crp~n nwwn ä c

g`mdojc doynrwc ìp~nhn p~n Knw~w gcowvr~d~/

Ä iàgdh |`r` W`vòàw mòvnr `p~nhnw p~n `dof` oçc

gcojngnm ` Grdwvc hcoan fn Fn~w( `vr`yäw f` wcbnrb`/ Ä c

p~n wn yë |cr vcfc c m~ofc( `vr`yäw fn vcf` ` Jdwv÷rd`! Oc

ìç fn wnrnm w~|nrdcrnw `cw c~vrcw( cw jcmnow wn cfnd`m n

wn m`v`m/ C rdgc p~nr wnr `dof` m`dw rdgc( oçc |`r`

fnwir~v`r fn ~m m`dcr gcoicrvc( p~n w~` rdp~n{` dodgd`h kà

|cfnrd` w`vdwi`{nr( m`w |`r` wn wnovdr w~|nrdcr( m`dw rdgc fcp~n `ha~äm nw|ngíidgc( c~ fc p~n vcf`w `w c~vr`w |nwwc`w/

O`áþnw novr`m nm a~nrr` gcm c~vr`w( oçc |nh`w p~nwvþnw

dfnch÷adg`w p~n |rc|à`m( m`w |`r` àrna`r `dof` m`dw

vnrrdv÷rdcw `cw wn~w n#c~ fnmcowvr`rnm w~` w~|nrdcrdf`fn/ C

nm|rna`fc novr` nm gcm|nvdáçc gcm wn~w gchna`w( |`r`

|rcy`r p~n nhn ä c m`dw nidgdnovn/ @ fco` fn g`w` nz|hdg` w~`

rngndv` |`r` c~vr` m~hjnr( oçc |`r` p~n nwv` `|rnof`( m`w

|`r` mcwvr`r ` vcfcw p~n nh` ä ` mnhjcr gc{dojndr`( w~|nrdcr

ì ‟rdy`h–/ N( `wwdm( vcfcw wna~nm icrmòfc ‟dodmdacw– c

vnm|c vcfc( |crp~n ` wcbnrb` fn g`f` ~m oçc |nrmdvn p~n

nzdwv` `hac c~ `ha~äm w~|nrdcr ` wd mnwmc!



26

M`w Fn~w Wn rnynh` ` vcf`w `w |nwwc`w! Vcf`w( wnm

nzgnáçc( rngnbnm crdnov`áçc fc Nw|írdvc fn Fn~w( wcbrn c

G`mdojc gnrvc ` wna~dr/ N ä `í p~n W`vòàw gcmná` ` vnr

vr`b`hjc! Nhn |rngdw` ‟rc~b`r ` wnmnovn–( òvnw p~n nh`

anrmdon/ Nhn |rngdw` ‟wng`r– ` |np~no` |hòv`( g`wc `

wnmnovn gcowda` anrmdo`r/ Nhn |rngdw` ‟w~icg`r– ` aròfn

|hòv`( g`wc nh` gcowda` grnwgnr/ Nhn |rngdw` ‟dm|nfdr– p~n cw

ir~vcw o`wá`m( g`wc ` |hòv` wn vròwicrmn nm àrycrn/ N nhn

nogcovrc~ ~m g`mdojc p~n i`gdhdv` wn~ vr`b`hjc( ~m` aròfn

`rm`( p~n nhn ~w` gcm vcfcw p~n p~nrnm wn rngcogdhd`r gcm

c Wnojcr; ` rnhdadcwdf`fn! Nwv`( o`f` m`dw ä fc p~n c ~wc f`

wcbnrb`( vcf` yn{ p~n fnynrí`mcw ona`rmc-ocw ` o÷w

mnwmcw!

O` mnfdf` nm p~n `w |nwwc`w `|rnofnm ` \`h`yr` fn

Fn~w( W`vòàw i`{ ~wc fnh`( ìw yn{nw gcm w~vdw `hvnr`áþnw(

ìw yn{nw hnyòfc-ocw ` `|hdgà-h` fn icrm` nrr`f`/ Fdòvn fn

Knw~w( oc fnwnrvc( nhn ~wc~ ` \`h`yr` gcrrnv`mnovn( m`w

vnovòfc hny`r Knw~w ` i`{nr ~m ~wc dofnydfc fnh`/ N ä `wwdm

p~n nhn i`{ gcocwgc( p~òfc |nrgnbn p~n `hvnr`r ` \`h`yr`

oçc w~rvn m`dw nindvc nm o÷w/ M`w( fdinrnovnmnovn fn Knw~w(

m~dvcw fn o÷w vnmcw w~g~mbdfc ` nww` `rm`fdhj` mcrv`h/ N

~m` f`w p~nwvþnw p~n nhn m`dw i`{ ~wc ä ` f` wòvdidg`áçc/



2>

Vcfcw cw ocwwcw |ng`fcw nwvçc rnh`gdco`fcw ì ocww`

g`ron; yígdcw( h~zûrd`( mnfc( nzgnvc ` wcbnrb`/ Nwv` ä fn

crdanm fnmcoí`g`( doinro`h/ Kà p~n ` wòvdidg`áçc( `

|~rdidg`áçc fcw |ng`fcw( ä vr`v`f` nzvnow`mnovn o` \`h`yr`

fn Fn~w( ` m`dcr ‟w`g`f`– fn W`vòàw icd ~w`r ` wcbnrb`

gcmc |rdogí|dc |`r` `hgòáà-h`( nm yn{ f` fdydo`mnovn

dofdg`f` w~bmdwwçc ì cbr` fc Nw|írdvc Wòvc fn Fn~w! Nhn in{

c jcmnm |now`r p~n ` wòvdidg`áçc ä ~m` cbr` p~n g`bn `

wd mnwmc( |cr wnr fdaoc n vcv`hmnovn g`|`gdv`fc ` ninv~à-h`/

@p~d novr` ` w~vdhn{` n ` wà`gdf`fn fn W`vòàw;

hnyòfc c jcmnm ` |now`r fnww` icrm`( nhn vnov` ò~h`r

|cr gcm|hnvc ` cbr` fn Knw~w! Doinhd{mnovn( nhn vnm cbvdfc

w~gnwwc gcm m~dv`w |nwwc`w/ Ä m~dvc gcm~m ynrmcw|nwwc`w wn nwicráòfc n gcowna~dofc ynognr ~m yígdc( gcmc

v`bàdwmc( `hgcchdwmc( frca`w( |cr vnrnm wn vcro`fc grdwvçw/

Oc novòvc( m~dv`w fnh`w oçc ynognm v`h yígdc |cr `mcr `

Knw~w/ Oc mcmnovc fn w~` gcoynrwçc( hjnw ä fdvc p~n ‘àcr`

ycgëw i`{nm |`rvn fn ~m ar~|c cofn v`dw gcdw`w oçc wçc

|r`vdg`f`w”/ N ä nwv` dogh~wçc nm ~m ar~|c ‟nw|ngd`h–( fn

|nwwc`w ‟nw|ngd`dw–( p~n mcyn m~dv` anovn! Ä |~r` wcbnrb`

fn wn `gj`r fdaoc fn |nrvnognr ` ~m` gcm~odf`fn p~n ä

w~|nrdcr `c rnwvòvn f` wcgdnf`fn( |rdogd|`hmnovn |cr gcov`

fn w~` wòvdf`fn!



29

N c |dcr ä p~n ` gcdw` oçc |`r` |cr `í; fn|cdw fn

‟ynognr– ` gcogcrrëogd` f` wcgdnf`fn nm anr`h( ä ongnwwàrdc

ynognr ` gcogcrrëogd` dovnro` oc ar~|c! N c fd`bc gcovdo~`

wc|ròfc ocw c~ydfcw f`w |nwwc`w; ‘Ycgë ä m~dvc nw|ngd`h!

Fn~w `m` ycgë( |crp~n ycgë ‟ä c g`r`–! P~òvc m`dw ycgë wn

nwicrá`r( m`dw Nhn y`d `m`r ycgë( |crp~n ycgë wnrà w~|nrdcr

` nwwnw wn~w drmçcw! @acr` p~n ycgë fndzc~ fn i~m`r( fn

bnbnr( fn ~w`r frca`w( fn chj`r gcm fnwnkc |`r` `w c~vr`w

|nwwc`w( ycgë |rngdw` mcwvr`r p~n ä m`dw wòvc p~n vcfcw!

P~òfc novr`r nm ~m` rn~odçc fn cr`áçc( i`á` g`r` fn

|dnfcwc/ Mcwvrn p~n ycgë nwvà noychydfc gcm `p~dhc! Ä iàgdh;

onm |rngdw` nwv`r |nowòfc nm Fn~w( ä w÷ mcwvr`r ~m

wnmbhòvn vrdwvn! Fda` ` `ha~m`w |nwwc`w( fdwgrnv`mnovn(

p~n ycgë vnm knk~`fc m~dvc( p~n ycgë vnm cr`fc m~dvc( p~n

vnm hdfc m~dvc ` Bíbhd`! N oçc wn nwp~ná` fn i`{nr ~m `r fn

|nw`r( p~òfc `ha~äm fdwwnr p~n oçc i`{ nww`w gcdw`w gcmc

ycgë! Nzdk` p~n wn hnd` ` \`h`yr` nm |ä( |`r` p~n `w |nwwc`w

w`db`m p~n ycgë rnw|ndv` ` Fn~w m~dvc m`dw fc p~n nh`w

rnw|ndv`m!”/

V~fc dwwc vnm ` wcbnrb` gcmc gcmb~wvíynh( oçc c

`mcr ` Fn~w( oçc c rngcojngdmnovc fc |cfnr vròwicrm`fcr

fc Nw|írdvc fn Grdwvc! @wwdm( `w |nwwc`w ‟ynognm– wn~w nrrcw

|cr `gj`rnm p~n w~` fdaodf`fn nwvà m~dvc `gdm` fnh`w n(

|rdogd|`hmnovn( m~dvc `gdm` f`w c~vr`w |nwwc`w! Nh`w g`nm

onww` aròfn `rm`fdhj` fn W`vòàw( fn vrcg`rnm ~m`



21

nw|doj` oc rcwvc |cr ~m gâognr ydchnovc( p~n gcrr÷d vcf` n

p~`hp~nr |cwwdbdhdf`fn fn j`ynr `mcr ` Fn~w n ìw c~vr`w

|nwwc`w( fn j`ynr ynrf`fndr` inhdgdf`fn n fn j`ynr `ha~m`

gjògn fn bcm wnowc! @ dmànm f` |nrindáçc fn wd mnwm`w

`w gna` vcv`hmnovn!

@|nw`r fdwwc( nww`w |nwwc`w fngh`r`m grnr nm Fn~w n

wn gcowdfnr`m wòv`w! M`w nwwn Fn~w( oc p~`h fd{nm grnr( ä

dmàdoàrdc! Nh`w fd{nm p~n oçc wçc o`f` fdòvn fnhn( gcm

|rnvnow` j~mdhf`fn( m`w( nm wn~ íovdmc( |`ww`m c vnm|c

vcfc |nowòfc oc p~òvc nhn `w `|rcy` n `w gcowdfnr`

w~|nrdcrnw ìw c~vr`w |nwwc`w gcm~ow! N onm |nrgnbnm p~n

icd ` nh`w mnwm`w p~n c Wnojcr fdwwn; ‘O~og` `w gcojngd!

@|`rvnm-wn fn Mdm!”/



2:

@ Wcbnrb` n c \ng`fc Mcrv`h

‘Fdwwn ` wnr|novn ì m~hjnr; ‟Gnrv`mnovn oçc

mcrrnrçc! Fn~w w`bn p~n( oc fd` nm p~n fnhn

gcmnrnm( wn~w chjcw wn `brdrçc( n ycgëw wnrçc gcmc

Fn~w( gcojngnfcrnw fc bnm n fc m`h–" *Ao 7/6->$

N( novçc( ‘p~òfc ` m~hjnr yd~ p~n ` àrycrn |`rngd`///

fnwnkàynh |`r` fnh` wn cbvnr fdwgnrodmnovc” n p~n( |crvòvc(

wn vcro`rd` da~`h ` Fn~w( nh` fndzc~ fn grnr p~n Fn~w nr` c

\`d Grd`fcr( |`wwc~ ` `gj`r p~n nh` wn vcro`rd` ~m` fn~w`(

gcm |cfnr wcbrn w~` |r÷|rd` ydf` n wcbrn vcf`w `w gcdw`w( n

wn~ m`rdfc gcogcrfc~ gcm nh` n |nowc~ c mnwmc wcbrn wd/

@ WCBNRB@

@ wcbnrb` fc jcmnm anr` dogrnf~hdf`fn( p~n( |cr w~`yn{( anr` ` mcrvn fc jcmnm/

M~dvcw ‘`|nfrnk`m” @fçc n Ny`( |cr vnrnm |rcycg`fc

` p~nf` fc jcmnm n w~`w vnrríyndw gcownp~ëogd`w( p~n

cbwnry`mcw nm ocwwc fd` ` fd`( cofn c m`h |`rngn

|rny`hngnr/ Oc novòvc( `c hcoac fn ocww`w ydf`w( vcfcw o÷w



24

mcwvr`mcw p~n i`rí`mcw c mnwmc p~n nhnw/ @ido`h( òvnw fn

f`rmcw |nrmdwwçc |`r` p~n c Nw|írdvc Wòvc `k` nm ocww`

ydf`( mchfòfc c ocwwc g`ràvnr( ocw `|nrindácòfc( wnm|rn

àdmcw gcm ` mnwm` wcbnrb` fc |rdmndrc g`w`h/

Fnwfn gnfc( p~nrnmcw wnr c gnovrc f`w `vnoáþnw(

p~nrnmcw wnr `fcr`fcw |cr ocww`w p~`hdf`fnw n

g`|`gdf`fnw/ P~nrnmcw wnr fn~wnw! F` |nwwc` m`dw i`mcw`

ì m`dw fnwgcojngdf`( f` m`dw |cfnrcw` ì mnocw i`ycrngdf`(

vcfcw àdmcw gcm wcbnrb`( wnoçc nm v~fc( |nhc mnocw( nm

`ha~m` àrn` fn ocww` ydf`/

Jà m~dvcw nznm|hcw fdwwc nm vcf`w `w nwinr`w f`

ydf`; p~òfc grdòá`w( p~nrnmcw p~n vcfcw |nownm p~n

wcmcw c mnhjcr idhjc( c mnhjcr `h~oc( c mnhjcr nw|crvdwv`( `

grdòá` m`dw wàbd`( ` m`dw nw|nv`g~h`r! \cr p~ë3 \crp~n

p~nrnmcw wnr `fcr`fcw gcmc fn~wnw! Ä gcmc wn

p~dwäwwnmcw p~n vcfcw wn g~ry`wwnm fdòvn fn o÷w(

rngcojngnofc ocww` aròfn{`/ Mnwmc grdòá`w ‘p~dnvdoj`w”(

p~n oçc |`rvdgd|`m f` ichd` f`w c~vr`w grdòá`w( nwvçc

gj`mòfc `vnoáçc |`r` wd( p~nrnofc p~n vcfcw rngcojná`m

w~` m`v~rdf`fn |rngcgn( c~ p~n wçc gcdv`fdoj`w vr`v`f`w

dok~wv`mnovn n p~n( o` ynrf`fn( wçc mnrngnfcr`w fn ~m

vr`v`mnovc m~dvc w~|nrdcr `c p~n vëm( |crp~n wçc m~dvc

w~|nrdcrnw `c p~n |`rngnm wnr/



7<

@c hcoac fcw òcw( nww` `vdv~fn y`d wnofc

`|nrindác`f`( mnfdòvn ` nz|nrdëogd` fn ydf`( p~n mcwvr`

p~`dw g`mdojcw wçc m`dw nidgdnovnw |`r` nww` gcop~dwv`/

Novçc( wn gjna` ì i`wn `f~hv` gcm ~m` ‘|nrwco`hdf`fn”

icrm`f`; `ha~ow idoanm j~mdhf`fn( wnovdofc |no` fn wd

mnwmcw |cr oçc vnrnm `hgòá`fc c |`v`m`r fn ydf` p~n

|now`m mnrngnr( ìdo`h( wçc fn~wnw! Nwv`w |nwwc`w vnov`m

gcoynradr |`r` wd ` `vnoáçc n ` `fcr`áçc fn vcfcw( |cr

|`rngnrnm iràandw n fdwgrdmdo`f`w( p~òfc fnynrd`m wnr c

gnovrc fc ~odynrwc/

C~vrcw wn nwicrá`r`m fn v`h icrm`( p~n gcowna~dr`m

wn fnwv`g`r o` `vdydf`fn p~n nwgchjnr`m |`r` wnrnm

w~|nrdcrnw/ Nwvnw( oçc mnfdr`m nwicrácw( `c hcoac fn w~`w

ydf`w( |`r` `vdoadrnm wn~ cbknvdyc fn wnrnm `fcr`fcw gcmc

fn~wnw! @ido`h( c p~n hny` `ha~äm ` p~nrnr wnr c mnhjcr nm

`ha~m` gcdw`3 Ä |`r` c bnm gcm~m3 Ä |`r` bnoniígdc fcw

c~vrcw3 Oçc( o~og`! Ä |`r` bnoniígdc |r÷|rdc( |`r` wnr

`fcr`fc( rngcojngdfc gcmc c w~|nrdcr!

Nm vcf`w nww`w gcdw`w( c wnr j~mòc nz|nrdmnov` f`

w~` |r÷|rd` àrycrn fc gcojngdmnovc fc bnm n fc m`h/ Nm

vcf`w nww`w gcdw`w( c wnr j~mòc grë p~n w~` `vdv~fn( w~`c|áçc fn ydf`( wn~ |r÷|rdc nwicrác( c vcro`rà wnmnhjòvn `c



70

@hvíwwdmc/ Nm vcf`w nww`w gcdw`w( c wnr j~mòc fndz` fn

grnr o` \`h`yr` fc Wnojcr; ‘N~ wc~ c Wnojcr( vn~ Fn~w \`d n

Grd`fcr! Oçc jà c~vrc fn~w wnmnhjòvn ` Mdm!”/ N nwv`

dogrnf~hdf`fn anr` ` mcrvn!

C \NG@FC MCRV@H

Kcçc fdwwn; ‘Jà |ng`fc p~n hny` ì mcrvn” *0Kc >/09$/

N ä bnm |rcyàynh p~n( `c fd{nr dwvc( nhn wn rn|crv`y` ì

|`h`yr` fn Knw~w; ‘\cr nwwn mcvdyc n~ hjnw fdac; vcfc

|ng`fc n bh`wiëmd` wnrçc |nrfc`fcw `cw jcmnow( m`w `

bh`wiëmd` gcovr` c Nw|írdvc oçc wnrà |nrfc`f`/ Vcfc `p~nhn

p~n fdwwnr ~m` |`h`yr` gcovr` c Idhjc fc jcmnm wnrà

|nrfc`fc( m`w p~nm i`h`r gcovr` c Nw|írdvc Wòvc oçc wnrà

|nrfc`fc( onm onwv` nr` onm o` nr` p~n jà fn ydr” *Mv

02/70-72$/

@p~d( c Wnojcr nwvà fd{nofc p~n nzdwvn ~m |ng`fcp~n( donydv`ynhmnovn( hny`rà ì mcrvn( p~òfc gcmnvdfc/

M`w( wn Knw~w mcrrn~ |cr ocwwcw |ng`fcw( wn ä Nhn p~n ocw

|~rdidg` n hòá` |`r` vràw fn Wd vcf` ` ocww` dodp~df`fn(

gcmc |cfn j`ynr( `dof`( ~m` |cwwdbdhdf`fn fn gcmnvnrmcw

~m nrrc p~n oçc |nrmdv` p~n wnk`mcw w`hycw3



72

Ychvòfc oc vnm|c( ynmcw c Nw|írdvc Wòvc ìdrm`r

`vr`yäw fn Kcnh; ‘fnrr`m`rnd c mn~ Nw|írdvc wcbrn vcf` `

g`ron/// `vä wcbrn cw wnrycw n wcbrn `w wnry`w fnrr`m`rnd c

mn~ Nw|írdvc o`p~nhnw fd`w” *2/2:-24$/ Nr` ~m` |rcingd`

wcbrn c ido`h fcw vnm|cw( m`w \nfrc( nm wn~ |rdmndrc

fdwg~rwc( ìdrmc~ p~n nh` kà gcmná`y` ` wn g~m|rdr o`p~nhn

mcmnovc( o`p~nhn fd` fn \novngcwvnw/

Dwvc p~nr fd{nr p~n c Nw|írdvc fc Wnojcr nwvà k~ovc fn

vcf`w `w |nwwc`w( fn vcfcw cw |cycw( fc m~ofc dovndrc/ N

w`bnmcw f` i~oáçc fc Nw|írdvc; ‘hjnw nowdo`rà vcf`w `w

gcdw`w n hjnw i`rà hnmbr`r v~fc c p~n n~ hjnw fdwwn”5

‘gcoynognrà c m~ofc fc |ng`fc( f` k~wvdá` n fc k~í{c”5 ‘nhn

cw a~d`rà ` vcf` ` ynrf`fn”5 ‘hjnw ò~ogd`rà c p~n nwvà |crydr”5 ‘rngnbnrà fc p~n ä mn~ n c vcro`rà gcojngdfc `

ycgëw”( `wwdm gcmc ` fdwvrdb~dáçc fn fcow |`r` ` Darnk`/ N

Dw`í`w nwgh`rngn gcmc c Nw|írdvc i`h` gcm `w |nwwc`w; ‘P~nr

ycgë wn ychvn |`r` ` fdrndv` p~nr |`r` ` nwp~nrf`( ~m` yc{

`vràw fn ycgë hjn fdrà; ‟Nwvn ä c g`mdojc5 wda`-c–" *7</20$/

Nm c~vr`w |`h`yr`w( c Nw|írdvc Wòvc crdnov` ` vcf`w

`w |nwwc`w( nm vcfc c vnm|c/ Nm vcf`w `w c|áþnw p~n c wnr

j~mòc nwvà |`r` nwgchjnr( c Nw|írdvc hjn fd{ p~`h c g`mdojc

gnrvc ` wna~dr/ Nhn wnm|rn vcro` gcojngdf` ` ycov`fn fn

Fn~w |`r` ` |nwwc`( ` g`f` |`wwc oc g`mdojc f` ydf`/



77

\cfnmcw( `vä( vcm`r ` dh~wvr`áçc fcw fnwnojcw òdm`fcw n

fcw idhmnw( cofn `|`rngn ~m ‘òkdojc” n ~m ‘fd`bdojc”

i`hòfc `cw c~ydfcw f` |nwwc`( gcmc ~m` ida~r` fc p~n

rn`hmnovn `gcovngn/ \cfnmcw vcm`r nwwn ‘òkdojc” gcmc

ida~r` fc Nw|írdvc fn Fn~w ocw i`hòfc p~`h ` W~` ycov`fn

fdòvn f` wdv~`áçc nm p~n ocw nogcovr`mcw/ @ fdinrnoá` ä

p~n Nhn i`h` `c ocwwc gcr`áçc( oçc `cw ocwwcw c~ydfcw/

Ä `í p~n gcmnvnmcw c |ng`fc mcrv`h( `c p~`h Knw~w

Wn rninrd~; doûmnr`w yn{nw( bh`winm`mcw gcovr` c Nw|írdvc!

Bh`winm`r ä ~hvr`k`r( dow~hv`r ` fdydof`fn/ Ä dwvc p~n

i`{nmcw( p~òfc oçc wna~dmcw ` crdnov`áçc fc Nw|írdvc fn

Grdwvc( |crp~n |rninrdmcw gcmnr fc ir~vc f` ocww` àrycrn fc

gcojngdmnovc fc bnm n fc m`h( `c doyäw fn gcogcrf`rmcwgcm c ynrf`fndrc Gcojngdmnovc Doidodvc! Dwvc ä ocw

i`{nrmcw Fn~w ` o÷w mnwmcw! Dwvc ä oçc grnr o` |`h`yr` fn

Knw~w5 ä oçc grnr p~n c Nw|írdvc Wòvc vnoj` c |cfnr |`r`

ocw nowdo`r vcf`w `w gcdw`w5 ä oçc grnr p~n Nhn ä c |r÷|rdc

Fn~w! N nwv` dogrnf~hdf`fn anr` ` mcrvn!

Gcmc rngcojngnr ` yc{ fc Nw|írdvc3 Knw~w fdwwn p~n c

Nw|írdvc Wòvc rngnbnrd` fc p~n ä fNhn n c nowdo`rd` ` o÷w/

V`mbäm fdwwn p~n Nhn gcoynognrd` c m~ofc fc |ng`fc( f`

k~wvdá` n fc k~í{c/ Novçc( ` g`f` |`wwc p~n f`mcw( oc fd`

gj`m`fc ‟jckn–( c Nw|írdvc ocw nowdo` gcmc c Wnojcr àdrd` n



76

ocw dofdg` c g`mdojc ` wna~dr; dmdvà-hC! N( wnm|rn( fn

`gcrfc gcm ` \`h`yr` fn Fn~w( f` mnwm` icrm` p~n Knw~w c

in{/ Nhn v`mbäm ocw gcoynogn fc |ng`fc p~n gcmnvnrí`mcw

`c vnrmcw( fn o÷w mnwmcw( ~m gcogndvc m`dw nhny`fc fc

p~n fnynrí`mcw vnr *Rm 02/7$5 ocw gcoynogn fc |ng`fc p~n

ä ` ocww` wcbnrb`( ` p~`h ocw novrna` ì yç dfch`vrd` fn o÷w

mnwmcw/ N ‘cw p~n wn novrna`m ì dfch`vrd` yç `bòfco`m

`p~nhn p~n hjnw ä mdwnrdgcrfdcwc” *Ko 2/:$/

Nwv` ä ` icrm` fn Knw~w b`vnr ì ocww` |crv`; `vr`yäw

fc Wn~ Nw|írdvc! Gcogcrf`r gcm Nhn( `|hdg`r Wn~w nowdocw ì

ocww` ydf` n rngcojngnr p~n w÷ Nhn ä Fn~w( ocw hny` ì ydf`!

\cr c~vrc h`fc( bh`winm`r gcovr` c Nw|írdvc fn Grdwvc( oçc

`gndvòfc Wn~w nowdocw n oçc rngcojngnofc p~n Nhn ä c|r÷|rdc Fn~w( ocw hny` ì mcrvn!

‘Ndw p~n nwvc~ ì |crv` n b`vc5 wn `ha~äm c~ydr ` mdoj`

yc{ n `brdr ` |crv`( novr`rnd nm w~` g`w` n gn`rnd gcm

nhn( n nhn( gcmdac” *@| 7/2<$/



7>

@ Hdbnrv`áçc fc \ng`fc

C Wnojcr ocw fd{; "Ynoj`m ` mdm( vcfcw cw p~n

nwvçc gòw`fcw n wcbrng`rrna`fcw( N N^ HJNW F@RND

FNWG@OWC/ Vcmnm wcbrn ycgëw c mn~ k~ac N @\RNOF@M

FN MDM( |cdw wc~ mòwc n j~mdhfn fn gcr`áçc( N YCGËW

NOGCOVR@RÇC FNWG@OWC \@R@ @W W^@W @HM@W/ \cdw c

mn~ k~ac ä w~`yn n c mn~ i`rfc ä hnyn" *Mv 00$/ ‘N~ |nfdrnd

`c \`d( n NHN HJNW F@RÀ C^VRC GCOWNHJNDRC \@R@

NWV@R GCM YCGËW \@R@ WNM\RN( C NW\ÍRDVC F@

YNRF@FN/ C m~ofc oçc |cfn rngnbë-hc( |crp~n oçc c yë

onm c gcojngn/ M`w ycgëw c gcojngnm( |cdw NHN YDYN GCM

YCGËW N NWV@RÀ NM YCGËW/ M`w c Gcownhjndrc( c Nw|írdvc

Wòvc( p~n c \`d noyd`rà nm mn~ ocmn( HJNW NOWDO@RÀ

VCF@W @W GCDW@W n hjnw i`rà hnmbr`r v~fc c p~n n~ hjnw

fdwwn/ Fndzc-hjnw ` |`{5 ` mdoj` |`{ hjnw fc~” *Kc 06$/ ‘P~n

` |`{ fn Grdwvc WNK@ C K^D[ NM WN^W GCR@ÁÞNW( ydwvc p~n

ycgëw icr`m gj`m`fcw ` ydynr nm |`{( gcmc mnmbrcw fn

~m w÷ gcr|c” *Gh 7$/ ‘P~òfc c Nw|írdvc f` ynrf`fn ydnr( NHN

CW A^D@RÀ @ VCF@ @ YNRF@FN/ Oçc i`h`rà fn wd mnwmc5

i`h`rà `|no`w c p~n c~ydr( N HJNW @OÔGD@RÀ C P^N NWVÀ

\CR YDR” *Kc 09$/

N ` \`h`yr` `dof` ocw fd{ m`dw; ‘Nhn wn novrnac~

UGr~{] |cr o÷w @ IDM FN OCW RNMDR FN VCF@ @ M@HF@FN n



79

\^RDIDG@R \@R@ WD MNWMC ^M \CYC \@RVDG^H@RMNOVN

WN^( fnfdg`fc ì |ràvdg` fn bc`w cbr`w” *Vv 2$/ ‘Grdwvc `mc~

` darnk` n novrnac~-wn ` wd mnwmc UGr~{] |cr nh` \@R@

W@OVDIDGÀ-H@( VNOFC-@ \^RDIDG@FC |nhc h`y`r f` àa~`

mnfdòvn ` |`h`yr`( n @\RNWNOVÀ-H@ @ WD MNWMC GCMC

DARNK@ AHCRDCW@( wnm mògj` onm r~a` c~ gcdw`

wnmnhjòvn( m`w W@OV@ N DOG^H\ÀYNH” *Ni >$/ ‘Wn

gcoinww`rmcw cw ocwwcw |ng`fcw( NHN Ä IDNH N K^WVC \@R@

\NRFC@R cw ocwwcw |ng`fcw N OCW \^RDIDG@R FN VCF@

DOK^WVDÁ@” *0Kc 0$/

@m`fcw( vcf`w nww`w |`wwànow p~nrnm fd{nr

nz`v`mnovn c p~n fd{nm; p~n c |r÷|rdc Wnojcr Knw~w ocw

gj`m` ` Nhn n |rcydfnogd`( `vr`yäw fn Wn~ Nw|írdvc( ` ocww`|~rdidg`áçc( ` ocww` wòvdidg`áçc/ P~òfc Nhn fd{ p~n c

Nw|írdvc h~v` gcovr` ` ocww` g`ron( |`r` p~n ` anovn oçc i`á`

c p~n( |crynov~r`( fnwnk` i`{nr *Ah >$( Nhn nwvà fd{nofc p~n

ä Nhn mnwmc P~nm c|nr` ` ocww` wòvdidg`áçc/ N Nhn

`grnwgnov` p~n Nhn |r÷|rdc ä ` ocww` wòvdidg`áçc *0Gc 0$/

Knw~w yndc n gcow~mc~ ` cbr` f` Gr~{( |crp~n ‘`p~dhc

p~n ` hnd icr` dog`|`{ fn i`{nr |cr nwv`r noir`p~ngdf` |nh`

g`ron( Fn~w c in{( noydòfc wn~ |r÷|rdc Idhjc( ì wnmnhjòá`

fc jcmnm |ng`fcr( gcmc cinrv` |nhc |ng`fc/ N `wwdm

gcofnoc~ c |ng`fc o` g`ron( ` idm fn p~n `w k~wv`w



71

nzdaëogd`w f` hnd icwwnm |hno`mnovn w`vdwindv`w nm o÷w( p~n

oçc ydynmcw wna~ofc ` g`ron( m`w wna~ofc c Nw|írdvc” *Rm

:$/ Nm c~vr`w |`h`yr`w( onm mnwmc ` |nrindv` Hnd fn Fn~w ä

g`|`{ fn ocw hny`r ì wòvdidg`áçc( wnm ` p~`h oçc ynrnmcw c

Wnojcr! M~dvc mnocw( hndw p~n |rcgnfnm fn jcmnow c i`rçc!

Wcmnovn c Nw|írdvc fn Fn~w |cfn i`{nr nww` cbr`!!!

‘M`w gcmc |cfn wnr dwvc3 Gcmc p~n c Nw|írdvc Wòvc

y`d m~f`r `ha~m` gcdw` nm mdm3”( |nra~ov`m `ha~ow/ ‘Wn

n~ oçc fnrrcv`r c |ng`fc p~n nzdwvn nm mdm( o~og`

gjna`rnd `c Wnojcr!”( fngh`r`m c~vrcw/ ‘V~fc bnm( vëm

gcdw`w p~n w÷ c Nw|írdvc |cfn i`{nr( m`w m~dvcw |ng`fcw wc~

n~ p~n fnyc fnrrcv`r!”( nzgh`m`m `dof` c~vrcw/

@m`fcw( wn |~fäwwnmcw fnrrcv`r `ha~m |ng`fc nm

o÷w( gcowna~drí`mcw fnrrcv`r p~`hp~nr |ng`fc( b`wvòfc(

|`r` dwvc( ` `|hdg`áçc fdinrnogd`f` fn nwicrác |r÷|rdc! N(

`wwdm( c ûodgc g`mdojc p~n hny` ` Fn~w wnrd` ` cbnfdëogd` `

hndw( oçc Knw~w! ‘@``jjj( m`w Knw~w yndc nm wcgcrrc fcw

ir`gcw n c|rdmdfcw/ Cw c~vrcw |cfnm n fnynm h~v`r gcovr` c

|ng`fc n ynogë-hc!”( `ha~äm |cfnrd` `ra~mnov`r/ M`w dwvc

wnrd` ynrf`fn3 Ä c p~n fd{ ` \`h`yr` f` doidodv` w`bnfcrd` fn

Fn~w3 Oçc! Nh` fd{; ‘M`w àcr`( WNM HND( wn mòdinwvc~ `

k~wvdá` fn Fn~w vnwvnm~oj`f` |nh` hnd n |nhcw |rcinv`w5

k~wvdá` fn Fn~w mnfdòvn ` iä nm Knw~w Grdwvc( |`r` vcfcw



7:

un wcbrn vcfcw} cw p~n grnnm5 |crp~n OÇC JÀ FDWVDOÁÇC(

|cdw vcfcw |ng`r`m n UVCFCW] G@RNGNM f` ah÷rd` fn Fn~w”

*Rm 7$/

C ardvc fnwnw|nr`fc fn \`~hc ngc` `vr`yäw fcw

wäg~hcw( oc gcr`áçc fn g`f` |nwwc`; ‘Fnwynov~r`fc jcmnm

p~n wc~! P~nm mn hdyr`rà fc gcr|c fnwv` mcrvn3” *Rm 1$/

Nwv` ä ` gcowv`v`áçc donp~íycg` fn p~n odoa~äm gcowna~n

wn hdyr`r fc |ng`fc( wn oçc icr |nhc |cfnr fc Nw|írdvc Wòvc!

Oçc `fdòv` fd{nrmcw ‘vnm mdwnrdg÷rfd` fn mdm( Wnojcr(

p~n n~ Vn |à`rnd vcf`w `w mdoj`w fíydf`w gcovdac!”( |crp~n

nwv` ä ` fngh`r`áçc fn ~m` mnovn dowò` p~n fnwgcojngn c

rn`h y`hcr fnww`w fíydf`w n( |dcr `dof`( fnwgcojngn ` w~`

|r÷|rd` gcofdáçc mdwnràynh fn dog`|`gdf`fn fn ynognr c|ng`fc!

Knw~w fdwwn p~n oçc `fdòv` o÷w fd{nrmcw p~n oçc

m`v`mcw( oçc `f~hvnr`mcw( oçc gcbdá`mcw( |crp~n nwwnw

|ng`fcw nwvçc novròj`fcw nm o÷w( m~dvc òvnw fn wnrnm

c~ oçc gcmnvdfcw fn i`vc! Nwvn ä c aròfn |rcbhnm`

j~mòc fdòvn fc |ng`fc; oçc rngcojngnr p~n nhn nwvà

fnovrc f` |nwwc`( `dof` p~n nwv` i`á` ~m nwicrác wcbrn-

j~mòc |`r` oçc gcmnvë-hc fn i`vc( fn icrm` `|`rnovn! N c

oçc rngcojngdmnovc fdwvc dm|nfn c `rrn|nofdmnovc( |cdw `

|nwwc` wn gcowdfnr` k~wv` n k~wvdidg`f` |nhc wn~ nwicrác fn



74

oçc gcmnvnr `p~dhc p~n nwvà nogjnofc ` w~` mnovn( c wn~

gcr`áçc! N wnm `rrn|nofdmnovc oçc jà w`hy`áçc!

Nop~òvc o÷w fdwwnrmcw p~n nwv`mcw oc gcovrchn( p~n

w÷ |rngdw`mcw fn m`dw ~m vnm|dojc( m`dw ~m |c~gc fn

nwicrác |`r` nhdmdo`r ~m |ng`fc( nwv`rnmcw ocw noaòòfc

n dm|nfdofc p~n c Nw|írdvc Wòvc `v~n o` ocww` |hno`

|~rdidg`áçc/ C Nw|írdvc fn Fn~w w÷ àn nm o÷w( p~òfc

novrna`mcw vcv`hmnovn ` Nhn ` rnw|cow`bdhdf`fn fn ocw

hdbnrv`r fc |ng`fc/ Wnm dwvc( Nhn fndz` p~n i`á`mcw fc

ocwwc kndvc( o` ocww` icrá`( `vä gjna`rmcw `c

`rrn|nofdmnovc fn ocww`w cbr`w mcrv`w *nwwnw nwicrácw$ n ì

gcoidwwçc f` ocww` dog`|`gdf`fn fn ynognrmcw/ @vä dwvc

`gcovngnr( o÷w h~v`mcw n g`ímcw( h~v`mcw n g`ímcw( ngjna`mcw ` fnwnw|nr`r fn ocww` |r÷|rd` ydf`/ Gjna`mcw `

|now`r p~n ` wòvdidg`áçc ä `hac do`vdoaíynh n p~n o~og`

ynrnmcw ` Fn~w/ Ä onwv` jcr` p~n ardv`mcw; ‘Mdwnràynh

jcmnm p~n wc~!! P~nm mn hdyr`rà fc gcr|c fnwv` mcrvn33”/

Novçc c Nw|írdvc Wòvc rnw|cofn; ‘Ar`á`w ` Fn~w( |cr

Knw~w Grdwvc!”/ @í( Nhn novr` oc `ww~ovc n `ww~mn c gcovrchn

vcv`h/ Gcmná` ` aròfn h~v` gcovr` ` ocww` g`ron/ Nop~òvc

Nhn oçc ynogn fnidodvdy`mnovn nwv` h~v`( Nhn |rcydfnogd` |`r`

p~n ocwwcw mndcw fn gcmnvnr c |ng`fc wnk`m g`f` yn{ m`dw

noir`p~ngdfcw( `vä oçc nzdwvdrnm m`dw( c~ p~n nhnw wnk`m



6<

~w`fcw wcmnovn |`r` c bnm( k`m`dw |`r` |ng`r/ @c mnwmc

vnm|c( Nhn àn o`w |r÷|rd`w gdrg~owvâogd`w fn ocww` ydf`(

|`r` p~n oçc vnoj`mcw m`dw ` c|crv~odf`fn |`r` |ng`rmcw/

Dwvc Nhn i`{ dm|nfdofc p~n j`k` ` cg`wdçc |rc|ígd`( c~ ocw

i`{nofc vnr ockc( `vä mnwmc r`dy`( fc cbknvc fc ocwwc

|ng`fc( c~ `dof`( gchcgòfc |nwwc`w |r÷zdm`w fn o÷w(

fdòvn f`w p~`dw wcmcw dm|nfdfcw fn |ng`r( |cr |~r`

ynracoj`/ W~` `áçc ocw mndcw n o`w c|crv~odf`fnw( gh`rc(

w÷ f~r` c vnm|c ongnwwàrdc |`r` Nhn nzvdr|`r fnidodvdy`mnovn

c |ng`fc f` ocww` g`ron/

@ha~äm( ynrf`fndr`mnovn grdwvçc( idg` |hònkòfc

m`v`r c~ `f~hvnr`r3 @bwch~v`mnovn( oçc! M`w ycgë `gj` p~n

oçc |hònk` m`v`r c~ `f~hvnr`r( |crp~n ä cbnfdnovn ì Hnd( c~|crp~n |now` p~n àr`f` ` Fn~w oçc i`{nofc v`dw gcdw`w3 Wn

ä dwvc p~n ycgë `gj`( w`db` p~n ycgë oçc nwvà |~rdidg`fc

fnwwnw |ng`fcw! Ycgë oçc m`v`( c~ oçc `f~hvnr`( |cr mnfc

f`w gcownpøëogd`w fnwwnw `vcw! Dwvc p~nr fd{nr p~n wn~

gcr`áçc oçc nwvà ynrf`fndr`mnovn hdm|c n p~n fn|nofn f`

`áçc fc Nw|írdvc onhn/ Ycgë nwvà w~wgnvíynh ` gcmnvnr nwwnw

`vcw( b`wvòfc p~n ycgë vnoj`( `c mnwmc vnm|c( mcvdycw(

cw mndcw n ` c|crv~odf`fn |`r` dwwc!

Dmàdon p~n ycgë wn nogcovrn fdòvn fn ~m` |nwwc`

p~n `g`bc~ fn nw|òg`r `ha~äm p~n ycgë `m` m~dvc/ Nww`



60

|nwwc` `dof` vnm wòa~n( f`p~nhn p~n ycgë `m`( nm w~`w

mçcw/ Ycgëw nwvçc nm ~m h~a`r nrmc( wc{dojcw( n ycgë vnm

~m |crrnvn nm w~`w mçcw/ Ycgë w`bn p~n nww` |nwwc` kà in{

dwwc òvnw n p~n( gnrv`mnovn( gcovdo~`rà i`{nofc/ Ä `p~nh`

|nwwc` p~n gj`m`mcw fn dogcrrdaíynh/ Ycgë nwvà gcm r`dy`

fnh`( vnm cw mndcw n ` c|crv~odf`fn fn f`r ~m` |crrnv`f`

onh`/ Ycgë c i`rà3 M`w wnk` wdognrc*`$! V`hyn{ nwvn nznm|hc

oçc wnk` `p~nhn p~n mnzn gcm ycgë/ Novçc( dmàdon `p~nh`

|nwwc` fn p~nm ycgë kà wnovd~ r`dy`( nm `ha~m mcmnovc( n

dmàdon ycgë fdòvn fnh`( vnofc cw mndcw n ` c|crv~odf`fn

|`r` hjn f`r ~m bcm ‘gcrrnvdyc”/ Wdognr`mnovn( ycgë c

i`rd`3

C mnwmc y`hn |`r` c `f~hvnr`r/ Ycgë kà wn dmàdoc~o` wdv~`áçc fn Kcwä( p~n ocw ä `|rnwnov`f` o` Bíbhd`3 Ycgë(

fdòvn fn ~m` |nwwc` p~n `vdy` vcf` ` w~` hdbdfc/// odoa~äm

|cr |nrvc n odoa~äm |cr gjna`r o`w |r÷zdm`w jcr`w/// wn~

göok~an kà oçc fnw|nrv` vcfc `p~nhn dovnrnwwn nm ycgë( c~(

v`hyn{( ycgë nwvnk` wc{dojc*`$ jà m~dvc vnm|c *oçc wnrd`

`f~hvärdc( m`w icrodg`áçc$/// V`hyn{( w÷ nm hnr nwv`w |`h`yr`w

n dmàdo`r ~m` wdv~`áçc( ycgë kà wdov` `hac `p~ngnofc

fnovrc fn ycgë/// Novçc( ycgë `gj` p~n oçc gcmnvn~ nwwn

|ng`fc( `vä àcr`( |cr wnr cbnfdnovn ì Hnd n( |cr dwvc( vnm

àr`f`fc `c Wnojcr3



62

Mn~w `m`fcw( w`db`m p~n( wn ycgëw oçc gcmnvnr`m

nwwnw |ng`fcw *c~ c~vrcw$ `dof`( icd |crp~n c Nw|írdvc fn

Fn~w cw dm|nfd~( oçc fòfc ` c|crv~odf`fn |rc|ígd` |`r`

dwwc( c~ oçc hjnw fòfc cw mndcw |`r` dwwc( nop~òvc Nhn

c|nr`( nm wn~ gcr`áçc( ` hdbnrv`áçc vcv`h fc |ng`fc! N( wn

ycgëw kà gcmnvnr`m( icd |crp~n ycgëw fdwwnr`m p~n nr`m

icrvnw c w~idgdnovn |`r` rnwchynr c |rcbhnm` fc |ng`fc n

o~og` gcmnvë-hc! Oc mcmnovc f` |rcy`áçc( g`ír`m( |crp~n

gcoid`r`m nm wd mnwmcw( oçc oc |cfnr fc Nw|írdvc fn Fn~w!

Gcoidòfc oNhn( nop~òvc wn~ gcr`áçc oçc nwvdynwwn

vcv`hmnovn hdbnrvc( Nhn oçc |nrmdvdrd` p~n ycgë vdynwwn mndcw

c~ c|crv~odf`fnw |`r` gcmnvnr c |ng`fc! Dwvc ä i`vc! Dwvc ä

rn`h! Grnd`m! Oçc fdmdo~`m c |cfnr fc Nw|írdvc fn Grdwvc!

Oçc `|à~nm c Nw|írdvc!

Grnr odwvc n ydynr fnwv` icrm` ä gchcg`r ocww`w ydf`w

o`w mçcw fc Wnojcr/ M`w oçc |cfnmcw nwp~ngnr( o~og`(

p~n c vnm|c fn Fn~w oçc ä c ocwwc vnm|c! Nhn i`{ ` cbr` fn

|~rdidg`áçc nm o÷w( wdm( m`w ` Wn~ vnm|c/ N( v`hyn{( ` oçc

gcm|rnnowçc fnwvn i`vc ä p~n nwvnk` hnyòfc vòv`w |nwwc`w

` |now`rnm p~n |rngdw`m( p~n fnynm( wn wòvdidg`r o` w~`

|r÷|rd` icrá`/ M`w dwvc ä dm|cwwíynh! \`~hc fdwwn p~n p~nrd`

i`{nr c bnm( m`w `g`b`y` i`{nofc c m`h p~n nwv`y`

novròj`fc onhn/ Ycgë wn `gj` m`dw ‘wòvc” p~n \`~hc( c~

m`dw icrvn fc p~n nhn3 Oçc! Dwvc `gcovngn gcm vcf`w `w

|nwwc`w! N ` mnwm` wch~áçc p~n nhn nogcovrc~ nwvà ì



67

fdw|cwdáçc fn vcfcw; Knw~w! Nhn( `vr`yäw fn Wn~ Nw|írdvc( ä `

ûodg` |cwwdbdhdf`fn p~n vnmcw fn `hgòá`r ` hdbnrv`áçc fc

|ng`fc!



66

Nz`mdonm-wn

‘Nz`mdonm-wn |`r` ynr wn ycgëw nwvçc o` iä5 |rcynm-

wn ` wd mnwmcw/ Oçc |nrgnbnm p~n Grdwvc Knw~w nwvà

nm ycgëw3 @ oçc wnr p~n vnoj`m wdfc rn|rcy`fcw!”

*2Gc 07/>$

Nwv` ä ` rngcmnof`áçc indv` ì vcf` ` Darnk`; ~m

`~vcnz`mn gcowvòvn( fdàrdc( |crp~n wcmcw crfno`fcw `

ydynr ~m fd` fn g`f` yn{/ @wwdm( |rngdw`mcw ynrdidg`r c

nwv`fc fn ocww` iä fd`rd`mnovn/ Fn~w ocw vròwicrm`( fn

ah÷rd` nm ah÷rd`( ì dmànm fn Wn~ Idhjc( |nhc Nw|írdvc *2Gc

7/0:$/ Dwvc p~nr fd{nr p~n ` ynrf`fndr` iä w`hy`fcr` wnm|rnvr`{ ~m` m~fòá` o` gcof~v`( oc gcr`áçc f`p~nhn p~n

nznrgdv` ` iä( n nww` vròwicrm`áçc wn fnwnoychyn ` g`f`

fd`/

Wn c i`vc fn ocw nz`mdo`rmcw gcowgdnovnmnovn

|nrmdvn w`bnrmcw wn nwv`mcw òfòfc nm iä c~ oçc( novçc

\`~hc nwvà ocw dofdgòfc f~`w gcdw`w( `p~d( nm rnh`áçc ì iä;

p~òfc nhn fd{ |`r` o÷w ocw nz`mdo`rmcw( nhn ocw dofdg`

p~n ä ongnwwàrdc vnrmcw ~m` gcoydgáçc nm ocww` mnovn( fn

p~n ` ynrf`fn |rna`f` fnyn wnr `|hdg`f` nm rnh`áçc ` o÷w(

p~n fnyn `v~`r o` ocww` gcof~v`/ N nhn v`mbäm fd{ p~n



6>

nww` ynrf`fn( p~n c~ydmcw o` |rna`áçc f` \`h`yr`( |rngdw`

anr`r ~m` m~fòá` gcrrnw|cofnovn oc gcr`áçc/ Dwvc p~nr

fd{nr p~n( p~òfc c jcmnm ä gcoynogdfc |nh` |rna`áçc n

`fmdvn ` ynrf`fn nm rnh`áçc ` wd mnwmc( novçc nhn fnyn

`|hdg`r nwv` ynrf`fn nm w~` |r÷|rd` ydf`( anròfc m~fòá`

o` w~` gcof~v`/

@w |nwwc`w |cfnm c~ydr bnhcw wnrmþnw wcbrn c |hòc

fn w`hy`áçc( wcbrn c g`ràvnr n ` wcbnròd` fn Fn~w n( `vä(

idg`rnm m`r`ydhj`f`w gcm ` ah÷rd` n ` nzgnhëogd` mcwvr`f`w/

Nh`w |cfnm `vä `|h`~fdr gcm nov~wd`wmc n |now`rnm p~n

vëm iä/ M`w( o` ynrf`fn( nh`w oçc vëm onm ~m |doac fn iä

w`hy`fcr`( |crp~n `vä cw fnmöodcw ànm `wwdm( fnwfn p~n

oçc vnoj`m p~n `|hdg`r nww` ynrf`fn nm w~`w |r÷|rd`wydf`w/

Nww`w |nwwc`w *n cw |r÷|rdcw fnmöodcw$ ynnm c

Nyòanhjc gcmc ynrf`fn( m`w oçc c `|rcy`m( |crp~n nhn

dovnrinrn fdrnv`mnovn oc wn~ nacíwmc/ \`ww`m ` cfd`r `

Fn~w n wn rnbnh`m gcovr` Nhn( |crp~n Fn~w( c wn~ Grd`fcr(

nwvà vcv`hmnovn nm c|cwdáçc ` nwwn wn~ nacíwmc/ Novçc(

nww`w |nwwc`w `gndv`m c Nyòanhjc gcmc ynrf`fn( wn

`hnar`m nm c~ydr gnrv`w |rna`áþnw n gjna`m `vä ` fd{nr p~n

nwvçc wnofc `hdmnov`f`w |cr nh`w/ M`w( fn|cdw( yçc nmbcr`

n oçc `|hdg`m nm w~`w ydf`w `p~dhc p~n c~ydr`m/



69

Vdàc v`mbäm gcmnov` wcbrn dwvc; "Wnk`m |r`vdgòvnw

f` |`h`yr`( n oçc `|no`w c~ydovnw( noaòòfc-wn ` wd

mnwmcw" *Va 0/22$/ Nm c~vr`w |`h`yr`w( nhn nwvà fd{nofc

p~n p~`hp~nr ~m p~n oçc |r`vdg` `p~dhc p~n `fmdvn wnr

ynrf`fn( noaò` ` wd mnwmc/

N( `m`fcw( nww`w gcdw`w nwvçc wnofc fdv`w |`r`

|nwwc`w p~n g`rrna`m c ocmn fn grdwvçw/ M`w ` \`h`yr`

gcm|rcy` p~n v`dw |nwwc`w wçc( o` ynrf`fn( jd|÷grdv`w/

@ha~m`w wçc jd|÷grdv`w |cr vnov`rnm noaò`r `cw c~vrcw(

gcmc cw i`rdwn~w i`{d`m( `vr`yäw fn w~` rnhdadcwdf`fn( w~`w

hcoa`w cr`áþnw( wn~w knk~ow( wn~w fí{dmcw n fdynrw`w c~vr`w

gcdw`w p~n |cww`m vcro`r |ûbhdg`w/ C~vr`w( gcmc fd{ Vdàc(

wçc jd|÷grdv`w |cr noaò`rnm ` wd mnwm`w( |nowòfc p~n

wçc bc`w grdwvçw( m`w wnm b~wg`rnm ` wòvdidg`áçc nm

Grdwvc Knw~w n wnm |r`vdg`rnm cw |rngndvcw bàwdgcw f`

\`h`yr`/

Vòvc \`~hc( p~òvc Vdàc( dofdg`m p~n ` ynrf`fndr`

iä y`d rnw~hv`r nm bc`w cbr`w/ M`w nww`w bc`w cbr`w oçc wçc

c g~m|rdmnovc f` hnd( |~r` n wdm|hnwmnovn/ @mbcw `|cov`m

|`r` c g~m|rdmnovc f` nwwëogd` f` hnd( gcmc fdwwn Knw~w(

p~n ä( |rdmndr`mnovn( ` vròwicrm`áçc fc íovdmc f` |nwwc`(



61

i`{nofc gcm p~n nh` vnoj` |r`{nr nm nznrgdv`r k~wvdá`(

mdwnrdg÷rfd` n iä *Mv 27/27$/

Ocww` aròfn fdidg~hf`fn( `v~`hmnovn( vnm wdfc ` fn

fnidodr c p~n ä òf`r nm iä/ Vnmcw ocw fndz`fc hny`r |cr

fc~vrdo`w n |rngndvcw j~mòcw( `c doyäw fn dmdv`r `c |cyc

fn Bnräd` n b~wg`r o`w Nwgrdv~r`w( |`r` w`bnr wn `w gcdw`w

wçc rn`hmnovn `wwdm/ V`mbäm oçc vnmcw cr`fc |`r` p~n c

Nw|írdvc Wòvc ocw nowdon p~`h wnk` ` |nrindv` ycov`fn fn

Fn~w |`r` `w ocww`w ydf`w/ Fnwv` icrm`( |nrmdvdmcw wnrmcw

mòd|~h`fcw |cr |nwwc`w p~n oçc vëm c Nw|írdvc fn Grdwvc n

p~n ocw hny`m ` g~m|rdr invdgjnw rnhdadcwcw( gcmc wn icwwnm

fnmcowvr`áþnw fn iä/

Kà p~n ‘Vcf` ` Nwgrdv~r` ä dow|dr`f` |cr Fn~w n ûvdh

|`r` c nowdoc( |`r` ` rn|rnnowçc( |`r` ` gcrrnáçc( |`r` `

nf~g`áçc o` k~wvdá`( ` idm fn p~n c jcmnm fn Fn~w wnk`

|nrindvc n |nrindv`mnovn j`bdhdv`fc |`r` vcf` bc` cbr`”

*2Vm 7/09-01$( gnrv`mnovn( nh` v`mbäm ocw nowdo` wcbrn c

òf`r nm iä;

Knw~w fdwwn; ‘Wn `ha~äm p~nr ydr `|÷w mdm( ` wd

mnwmc wn ona~n( vcmn ` w~` gr~{ n wda`-mn” *Mv 09/26$/

O` wnp~ëogd`( c Wnojcr fd{ p~n nww` `vdv~fn ä p~n y`d



6:

rnw~hv`r o` w`hy`áçc f` `hm` f` |nwwc`/ Nhn nwvà fd{nofc

p~n( |`r` wna~dr ` Knw~w *òf`r( ydynr |cr iä$( nzdwvnm

gcofdáþnw n p~n( wnm g~m|rdr nww`w gcofdáþnw( odoa~äm

`hgòá`rà ` w`hy`áçc fn w~` |r÷|rd` `hm`/ Nhn fd{ p~n `w

|nwwc`w p~n vnov`rnm w`hy`r w~`w |r÷|rd`w ydf`w( c~ wnk`(

dowdwvdrnm nm w`vdwi`{nr c wn~ |r÷|rdc ‘n~” *y/ 2>$( oçc wn

w`hy`rçc f` gcofno`áçc fc doinroc/ \cr c~vrc h`fc( p~nm

`brdr mçc f` w`vdwi`áçc fn wn~w fnwnkcw |nwwc`dw *` wd

mnwmc wn ona`r$( wnrà w`hyc fnww` gcofno`áçc n ydynrà

nvnro`mnovn k~ovc `c Fn~w \`d n Grd`fcr/

@m`fcw( c p~n c Wnojcr Knw~w nwvà fd{nofc ä m~dvc

wdm|hnw( |cräm( ä nzvrnm`mnovn fdiígdh fn wnr g~m|rdfc |cr

o÷w/ Ä fdiígdh( |crp~n wn vr`v` fn ocww` mcrvn( oçc iíwdg`(m`w nw|drdv~`h/ \`r` ocw ona`rmcw ` o÷w mnwmcw(

|rngdw`mcw i`{nr mcrrnr ` ocww` o`v~rn{`( p~n wnm|rn

b~wg` c ocwwc |r÷|rdc bnm-nwv`r( `vr`yäw fn gcoicrvc n

w`vdwi`áçc nmcgdco`dw n iíwdgcw/ Ocww` o`v~rn{` v`mbäm ocw

hny` ` w`vdwi`{nr ` ocww` wcbnrb`( `p~nh` p~n ocw i`{ |now`r

p~n wcmcw mnrngnfcrnw fn v~fc fc bcm n fc mnhjcr( p~n

wcmcw w~|nrdcrnw ` v~fc n ` vcfcw( n p~n wcmcw g`|`{nw fn

i`{nr p~`hp~nr gcdw`( dogh~wdyn fn g~m|rdrmcw |rngndvcw

*rnhdadcwdf`fnw$ p~n ocw fnnm fdrndvc ì w`hy`áçc/



64

C p~n c Wnojcr nwvà fd{nofc( nm c~vr`w |`h`yr`w( ä

p~n fnynmcw ocw `rrn|nofnr fn vnrmcw ydydfc( `vä nwvn

mcmnovc( `gjòfc p~n wcmcw wcbnròcw wcbrn ocww`w

|r÷|rd`w ydf`w( n p~n fnynmcw ocw `|rczdm`r( nm

j~mdhf`fn( fc Wnojcr( |`r` i`{nrmcw ~m gcognrvc fnidodvdyc

gcm Nhn!

C Wnojcr Fn~w ocw fdrà; ‘Mn~ `m`fc( nwvc~ inhd{ |cr

ycgë vnr c~ydfc n vnr `vnofdfc ì Mdoj` \`h`yr`/ Nwvc~ inhd{

|cr ycgë vnr rngnbdfc c Mn~ Nyòanhjc n vnr |nrwnynr`fc

|`r` novr`r nm Mdoj` \rnwnoá`/ @acr`( p~nrc i`{nr ~m

gcognrvc gcm ycgë( m`w ä ongnwwàrdc p~n ycgë gcogcrfn

gcm `ha~m`w gcdw`w( ` idm fn p~n ycgë nwvnk`( ` |`rvdr fn

àcr` n |cr vcf` ` nvnrodf`fn( nm Mdoj`w mçcw”/

‘Nm |rdmndrc h~a`r( `m`fc( novrna~n-Mn nww` w~`

rnhdadcwdf`fn( nww` w~` dfäd` fn p~n |cfn i`{nr gcdw`w gcmc

g~m|rdr rnar`w n hndw( c~ i`{nr bc`w cbr`w( |`r` wn k~wvdidg`r

n Mn àr`f`r/ Nww`w gcdw`w( f` icrm` n gcm ` dovnoáçc p~n

wçc indv`w( wçc dm~of`w n iävdf`w |`r` Mdm/ Gchcp~n dwwc `cw

|äw f` Gr~{ fc Mn~ Grdwvc n hjn f`rnd ` K^WVDIDG@ÁÇC nm

Knw~w”/



><

‘Novrna~n-Mn v`mbäm nww` w~` vnov`vdy` doûvdh fn wn

wòvdidg`r `vr`yäw fc wn~ nwicrác |r÷|rdc( f` w~` |r÷|rd`

g`|`gdf`fn p~n( o` ynrf`fn( oçc c wòvdidg` fn o`f`( `|no`w

nwgcofn oc wn~ íovdmc `p~dhc p~n fnynrd` wnr `rròg`fc fn

ycgë( n hjn fc~ ` W@OVDIDG@ÁÇC fnidodvdy` nm Grdwvc Knw~w”/

‘\cr ûhvdmc( idhjc Mn~( Mn novrna~n vcfcw cw wn~w

wcojcw( wn~w fnwnkcw( wn~w |hòcw( p~n n~ hjn fc~ c |r÷|rdc

Grdwvc |`r` ydynr nm ycgë”/

Nydfnovnmnovn( oçc |cfnmcw ìdrm`r p~n c `|÷wvchc

\`~hc( |cr nznm|hc( vnoj` vdfc nwwn fdàhcac gcm c Wnojcr(

m`w w`bnmcw p~n( nm gnrvc mcmnovc( nhn ìdrmc~

gcoidòvnmnovn; ‘Nwvc~ gr~gdidg`fc gcm Grdwvc5 hcac( kà oçc

wc~ n~ p~nm ydyn( m`w Grdwvc ydyn nm mdm” *Ah 2/04-2<$/

Nwv` fngh`r`áçc ocw mcwvr` p~n c `|÷wvchc |`wwc~

|nhc |rcgnwwc fn gr~gdidg`áçc gcm Knw~w( cofn c wn~ |r÷|rdc

‘n~” icd mcrvc fnidodvdy`mnovn/ Dwvc wdaodidg` p~n nhn `|hdgc~

nm w~` ydf` c i`vc fn p~n `|no`w Knw~w ä ‘w`bnfcrd`( n

k~wvdá`( n wòvdidg`áçc( n rnfnoáçc” *0Gc 0/7<$/

Grnr odwwc n `|hdg`r dwwc nm ocww`w ydf`w ä c

ynrf`fndrc ‘òf`r nm iä”/



>0

Cbnfdëogd`

Nm vcfcw cw h~a`rnw( vnojc nwg~v`fc; ‘C grnovn vnm

p~n cbnfngnr!”/ @í( |nrgcrrc ` m`r`ydhjcw` \`h`yr` fn Fn~w

n gcowv`vc p~n dwwc ä ~m` ynrf`fn i~of`mnov`h ` rnw|ndvc

f` ycov`fn fn Fn~w |`r` c jcmnm/ M`w( wnrà p~n `

fngh`r`áçc p~n vnojc c~ydfc nwvà nm gcoicrmdf`fn `c p~n

fd{ c Wnojcr3

Vrnmc `c |now`r p~n c jcmnm vnm ~m` i`gdhdf`fn

do`v` |`r` mcfdidg`r `p~dhc p~n rn`hmnovn icd fdvc ` nhn/

Fnwfn c Äfno( w`bnmcw p~n dwvc `gcovngn/ P~òfc dofà`f`

|nh` wnr|novn wn oçc |cfnrd` gcmnr fn onoj~m` àrycrn fc k`rfdm( Ny` rnw|cofn~ p~n |cfnrd`( wdm( gcmnr f`w àrycrnw

fc k`rfdm( nzgnvc f` àrycrn fc gcojngdmnovc fc bnm n fc

m`h( nm g~kc ir~vc oçc |cfnrd` onm vcg`r/

M`w c Wnojcr oçc fdwwn p~n nhnw oçc |cfnrd`m onm

vcg`r oc ir~vc f`p~nh` àrycrn/ Fdwwn( `|no`w( p~n oçc

|cfnrd`m gcmnr fnhn/ Nwwn ä c |rdmndrc rnadwvrc fc

hna`hdwmc j~mòc( fc gcwv~mn fn m~f`r c p~n rn`hmnovn

icd fdvc( gcmc mndc fn idg`r m`dw iàgdh oçc gcmnvnr nrrcw(

oçc fnwcbnfngnr/ @ |`rvdr f`í( c wnr j~mòc wnm|rn

|rcg~rc~ mcfdidg`r ` \`h`yr` fn Fn~w( `grnwgnovòfc( c~



>2

rnvdròfc `hac( gcm c ûodgc idm fn vnr ~m` |`rvdgd|`áçc `vdy`

nm w~` |r÷|rd` w`hy`áçc( w~` gcm~ojçc gcm Fn~w/

Doinhd{mnovn( ` Darnk`( jckn( nwvà gcov`mdo`f` |cr

nwwn vd|c fn |now`mnovc/ Cw jcmnow vëm grd`fc w~`w

m~r`hj`w nm rnfcr f` \`h`yr` fc Wnojcr( cofn g`f` vdkchc ä

~m` rnar`( ~m` hnd( p~n vnm |cr cbknvdyc vcro`r `w |nwwc`w

wòv`w n k~wv`w |cr w~`w |r÷|rd`w cbr`w( |cr w~` idfnhdf`fn n

cbnfdëogd` ` nww` hnd/ Idg`r fc h`fc fn fnovrc fnww` m~r`hj`

wdaodidg` nwv`r w`hyc/ Idg`r fc h`fc fn icr` wdaodidg` nwv`r

gcofno`fc/ M`w dwvc ò~h` gcm|hnv`mnovn ` k~wvdidg`áçc n `

wòvdidg`áçc mnfdòvn ` iä nm Grdwvc Knw~w/

C G@MDOJC FN MCRVN

Gcmc ä fdvc nm \rcyärbdcw 06/02( ‘jà g`mdojc p~n `c

jcmnm |`rngn fdrndvc( m`w `c g`bc fà nm g`mdojcw fn

mcrvn”/ M~dv`w gcdw`w wn nog`dz`m onwvn |rcyärbdc(dogh~wdyn( nww` |rnvnow` wòvdidg`áçc |nwwc`h( `vr`yäw f`

cbnfdëogd` ` mòf`mnovcw fn jcmnow/

M~dvcw wòvcw( |nhc m~ofc vcfc( vëm wdfc hny`fcw `

cbnfngnrnm `cw |rngndvcw j~mòcw( gcmc wn icwwnm

mòf`mnovcw fn Fn~w/ \nwwc`w m`h doicrm`f`w n( `vä



>7

mnwmc( m`h dovnogdco`f`w vëm fnv~r|`fc `w Nwgrdv~r`w(

|`r` mòvnrnm wcb c wn~ fcmíodc `p~nhnw p~n nwv`y`m

|rcovcw ` fndz`rnm c |ng`fc/ C m`dw dogríynh ä p~n dwvc

`gcovngn( mnwmc fn|cdw fn c |r÷|rdc Wnojcr Knw~w vnr

rngrdmdo`fc f~r`mnovn nww` `vdv~fn( p~n nr` |r÷|rd` fcw

i`rdwn~w( nwgrdb`w n dovär|rnvnw f` hnd/ Nm M`vn~w 27/2:( c

Wnojcr i`h` gcm nhnw c p~n |cfnrd` wnr fdvc jckn( |`r`

m~dv`w |nwwc`w fnovrc f`w darnk`w; ‘@wwdm v`mbäm ycgëw

nzvnrdcrmnovn |`rngnm k~wvcw `cw jcmnow( m`w( |cr fnovrc(

nwvçc gjndcw fn jd|cgrdwd` n fn dodp~df`fn”/

Nwwn g`|ív~hc fn M`vn~w vr`{ ~m` f`w m`dw f~r`w

rn|rnnowþnw fc Wnojcr( wnoçc ` m`dw f~r`( m`w( `dof` jckn(

m~hvdfþnw |r`vdg`m v~fc dwwc p~n icd rngrdmdo`fc |cr Knw~w(fnmcowvròfc oçc vnrnm c míodmc vnmcr fn Fn~w/ Ä ~m v`h

fn ‟oçc i`á` dwwc–( ‟oçc gcm` `p~dhc–( ‟oçc vcp~n odwwc–( ‟~wn

nwv` rc~|`–( ‟idp~n nm |ä–( ‟`kcnhjn-wn–( ‟fda` |`r` c drmçc `c

h`fc–( ‟wcrrd`–( ‟|r`vdp~n híoa~`w nwvròj`w–( ‟|rcinvd{n–( ‟i`á`

~m |rc|÷wdvc–( ‟nzdk` wn~w fdrndvcw–( ‟fnvnrmdon–( n c~vr`w

gcdw`w m`dw( `hnaòfc p~n v`dw gcdw`w c wòvdidg`rçc!

Dwwc gcov`mdoc~ fn v`h icrm` ` grdwvòf`fn( p~n

m~dvcw wòvcw kà ànm fn icrm` hna`hdwv`( wnm |nrgnbnrnm

p~n nwvçc àdofc `wwdm/ M~dvcw novr`m o`w darnk`w( yçc |`r`

wn~w h~a`rnw n( dmnfd`v`mnovn( gchcg`m nm wn~w rcwvcw ~m`



>6

nz|rnwwçc fn |dnf`fn/ Ìw yn{nw( ingj`m cw chjcw n

mcydmnov`m cw hàbdcw( gcmc wn nwvdynwwnm fnwir~vòfc fn

aròfn dovdmdf`fn gcm c \`d gnhnwvd`h/ Oçc fnwgcowdfnrc cw

p~n ànm nm ynrf`fn n nm nw|írdvc( m`w mn rnidrc ìp~nhnw

p~n c i`{nm |`r` fnmcowvr`rnm wòvdf`fn `cw p~n nwvçc ì

w~` ychv`/

V`mbäm ä gcm~m `w |nwwc`w gjcr`rnm f~ròvn c

hc~ycr( oçc |cr wnrnm vcg`f`w |nhc Nw|írdvc( m`w |`r`

f`rnm ` novnofnr p~n wçc/ @|rcyndv`m c ghdm` nmcgdco`h

|rc|crgdco`fc |cr ~m` mnhcfd` n fnrr`m`m hàardm`w( |`r`

p~n vcfcw ynk`m c p~òvc wçc |r÷zdm`w fn Fn~w/ Fn ocyc(

fdac p~n jà |nwwc`w p~n rn`hmnovn wçc gjnd`w fc Nw|írdvc n(

|cr dwvc( gjcr`m `c wnovdrnm w~` |rczdmdf`fn gcm c Fn~wGrd`fcr/ M`w m~dvcw wçc `vcrnw n `vrd{nw p~n fnynrd`m nwv`r

oc m~ofc gdonm`vcaràidgc( oçc o` Darnk`/

Vcf`w nww`w gcdw`w( |cr m`dw |dnfcw`w p~n |`rná`m(

oçc wòvdidg`m odoa~äm/ Cw grdwvçcw i`rçc nww`w gcdw`w( c~

oçc( wna~dofc w~`w gcowgdëogd`w( p~n wçc crdnov`f`w |nhc

Nw|írdvc Wòvc/ C Nw|írdvc wnm|rn crdnov`rà `w |nwwc`w `

àdrnm gcm b`wn ocw |rdogí|dcw nhnmnov`rnw fc grdwvdòdwmc(

fn `m`r ` Fn~w n `c |r÷zdmc/ Dm|cr cbnfdëogd` ` nww`w

crfnow ä hna`hdwmc/ O` ynrf`fn( dwwc fnmcowvr` p~n

hna`hdwmc ä m`dw fc p~n ` dm|cwdáçc fn rnar`w( c~ wnk`(



>>

hna`hdwmc ä ~m fnwnkc fn |`rngnr wòvc/ Nhn vr`{ ì vco` c

aròfn |ng`fc f` dogrnf~hdf`fn j~mò` o` cbr`

wòvdidg`fcr` n rnfnovcr` fn Knw~w Grdwvc( |cdw hny` `w

|nwwc`w ` gcoid`rnm nm wd mnwm`w( nm w~`w |r÷|rd`w cbr`w/

C p~n rn`hmnovn wn |r`vdg`( cbnfngnofc-wn ` nww`w

hndw j~mò`w( ä ~m` vnov`vdy` fn gcm|hnv`r ` cbr` fn

Grdwvc/ @o~h`-wn gcm|hnv`mnovn ` ar`á` fn Fn~w fnrr`m`f`

wcbrn vcfcw `vr`yäw f` gr~{ fc G`hyàrdc/ N `w |nwwc`w p~n

|r`vdg`m nwwn hna`hdwmc( cbnfngnofc ` mòf`mnovcw fn

jcmnow gcm c idm fn |`rngnrnm wòvdidg`f`w( wçc c fnwvdoc

f` f~r` |`h`yr` fc Wnojcr; ‘Wnr|novnw( r`á` fn yíbcr`w!

Gcmc nwg`|`rçc f` gcofno`áçc fc doinroc3” *Mv 27/77$/

C G@MDOJC FN YDF@

Ar`á`w ` Fn~w( o÷w vnmcw ì fdw|cwdáçc c~vrc

g`mdojc; ä ~m g`mdojc `|nrv`fc( p~n hny` ` ~m` |crv`nwvrndv`( m`w ä ~m g`mdojc fn ydf`!

C Wnojcr Knw~w( |nh` W~` |`h`yr`( vrc~zn vcf`w `w

gcdw`w ì nzdwvëogd`/ N ä |nh` |`h`yr` fc Wn~ |cfnr( p~n Nhn

w~wvnov` ` nzdwvëogd` fn vcf`w `w gcdw`w/ V~fc dwvc( Nhn in{

*n `dof` i`{$ gcm ~m |rc|÷wdvc fnidodfc/ C Wnojcr icrmc~ c



>9

jcmnm/ O` ynrf`fn( g`f` wnr j~mòc ä icrm`fc

dofdydf~`hmnovn |cr Fn~w/ N Nhn vnm ~m |rc|÷wdvc fnidodfc(

`c i`{nr dwvc/ Dwwc p~nr fd{nr( gh`r`mnovn( p~n jà ~m

|rc|÷wdvc fdydoc o` nzdwvëogd` fn g`f` wnr j~mòc n g`bn `

g`f` ~m fn o÷w fnwgcbrdr p~`h ä c |rc|÷wdvc fn Fn~w |`r`

ocww` ydf`/

‘P~n i`{nr( |cdw( drmçcw3 P~òfc ycgëw wn rnûonm(

~m vnm w`hmc( c~vrc( fc~vrdo`( nwvn vr`{ rnynh`áçc( `p~nhn(

c~vr` híoa~`( n `dof` c~vrc( dovnr|rnv`áçc/ Wnk` v~fc indvc

|`r` nfdidg`áçc” *0Gc 06/29$/ \`~hc nwvà ocw fd{nofc p~n

vcfcw cw grdwvçcw vëm fcow( f`fcw |nhc Nw|írdvc Wòvc( |`r`

nfdidg`áçc f` Darnk`/ Onwvn g`|ív~hc fn w~` |rdmndr` g`rv`

`cw gcríovdcw( nhn fà dowvr~áþnw wcbrn ` crfnm ` wnr `fcv`fò`w darnk`w( |cräm( o` m`dcrd` f`w darnk`w( nww`w dowvr~áþnw

oçc vëm wdfc cbnfngdf`w/ Nm ~m` ä|cg` o` p~`h wn i`h`

vòvc nm cbnfdëogd`( ~m |rdogí|dc bàwdgc oçc vnm wdfc

cbnfngdfc/ C p~n c `|÷wvchc ocw rnynh`( `p~d( ä

gcm|hnv`mnovn fdinrnovn f` hdv~rad` `fcv`f` |cr p~`wn vcf`w

`w darnk`w( `v~`hmnovn/ \`~hc i`h` wcbrn ` |`rvdgd|`áçc `vdy`

fn g`f` grnovn nm w~`w rn~odþnw *g~hvcw$/ Nhn oçc nwvà

i`hòfc wcbrn |`rvdgd|`r gcmc ~m` m`rdconvn o`w mçcw fn

p~nm nwvà( w~|cwv`mnovn( doynwvdfc fn `ha~m` `~vcrdf`fn(

c~ wnk`( cw hífnrnw/ Nhn oçc nwvà fd{nofc; ‘Ycgëw fnynm

i`{nr v~fc `p~dhc p~n cw p~n nwvdynrnm ì irnovn fc vr`b`hjc

mòf`rnm; ycgëw fnynm wcrrdr( p~òfc mòf`rnm wcrrdr5



>1

gòv`r( p~òfc mòf`rnm gòv`r5 rn|nvdr ir`wnw |rcov`w(

p~òfc mòf`rnm rn|nvdr5 wn `br`á`r( `kcnhj`r( hnyòv`r(

b`vnr |`hm`w( p~òfc mòf`rnm i`{nr nwv`w gcdw`w!”/

@bwch~v`mnovn! C `|÷wvchc nwvà wn rninrdofc ` g`f`

~m fcw grnovnw nznrgdv`r wn~w fcow nm bnoniígdc f` Darnk`/

Nhn nwvà i`hòfc fn rn~odþnw cofn `w |nwwc`w p~nrnm vòvc

rngnbnr nfdidg`áçc( p~òvc nfdidg`r/ Nhn i`h` wcbrn |nwwc`w

wòvdidg`f`w |nhc Nw|írdvc( g`f` ~m` oc nwvàadc kà `hgòá`fc(

oçc wcbrn |nwwc`w p~n p~nrnm mcwvr`r p~n wçc wòv`w/ Nhn

i`h` fn |nwwc`w p~n kà fnwgcbrdr`m p~n Fn~w vnm ~m

|rc|÷wdvc |`r` ` ydf` fn g`f` ~m n p~n |nrmdvnm p~n c

Nw|írdvc Wòvc gcof~{` w~`w ydf`w/ Nhn v`mbäm i`h` fn

rn~odþnw p~n vëm |cr cbknvdyc ` gcm~ojçc gcm Fn~w n gcmcw drmçcw o` iä/ Oçc wçc rn~odþnw |`r` `w |nwwc`w wn

k~wvdidg`rnm fdòvn fn Fn~w n fcw jcmnow( m`w |`r`

fngh`r`rnm ` w~` k~wvdidg`áçc nm Knw~w Grdwvc( mnfdòvn `

iä/

Nww`w dowvr~áþnw fn \`~hc mcwvr`m p~n c vcfc( p~n ä

icrm`fc |cr dofdyíf~cw( y`d nznrgnr ~m` doih~ëogd` wòv`

wcbrn g`f` dofdyíf~c/ N( m`dw fc p~n doih~ëogd` wcbrn cw

grnovnw( wnrà ~m` doih~ëogd` wcbrn cw dogräf~hcw p~n vnrçc

gcov`vc gcm nwwnw wòvcw/ \`~hc fd{ p~n( p~òfc ‘novr`r

`ha~m dogräf~hc c~ dofc~vc( ä nhn |cr vcfcw gcoynogdfc n |cr



>:

vcfcw k~ha`fc5 vcro`m-wn-hjn mòdinwvcw cw wnarnfcw fc

gcr`áçc( n( `wwdm( |rcwvròfc-wn gcm ` i`gn nm vnrr`(

`fcr`rà ` Fn~w( vnwvnm~ojòfc p~n Fn~w nwvà( fn i`vc( oc

mndc fn ycgëw” *0Gc 06/26-2>$/

Nww` doih~ëogd` f` Darnk` wcbrn cw dogräf~hcw v`mbäm

ä `bcrf`f` |nhc Wnojcr Knw~w; ‘Odwvc gcojngnrçc VCFCW

p~n ycgëw wçc mn~w fdwgí|~hcw; wn vdynrnm `mcr ~ow `cw

c~vrcw” *Kc 07/7>$/ Ynk`m c `hgògn p~n vnrà ` mòdinwv`áçc

fc `mcr novrn cw grdwvçcw; vcf`w `w |nwwc`w w`bnrçc p~n

wcmcw ynrf`fndrcw wna~dfcrnw fn Grdwvc/ Gnrv`mnovn( ä

`wwdm p~n wòvdidg`mcw ` Grdwvc n p~n `w |nwwc`w wnrçc

hny`f`w ` p~nrnrnm gcojngnr p~`h ä ` ‘r`{çc f` nw|nròá`

p~n jà nm ycgëw Uo÷w]” *0\n 7/0>$/

O` ynrf`fn( nwvn ä c |rdmndrc n aròfn mòf`mnovc

fc Wnojcr n( v`mbäm( c wna~ofc; ‘Rnw|cofn~-hjn Knw~w;

@m`ràw c Wnojcr( vn~ Fn~w( fn vcfc c vn~ gcr`áçc( fn vcf`

` v~` `hm` n fn vcfc c vn~ novnofdmnovc/ Nwvn ä c aròfn n

|rdmndrc mòf`mnovc/ C wna~ofc( wnmnhjòvn ` nwvn( ä;

@m`ràw c vn~ |r÷zdmc gcmc ` vd mnwmc/ Fnwvnw fcdw

mòf`mnovcw fn|nofnm vcf` ` Hnd n cw \rcinv`w” *Mv

22/71-6< ‗ ardicw mn~w$/ Cr`( cofn jà mòf`mnovc( jà

nz|ngv`vdy` fn cbnfdëogd` ` nhn/ Wn c Wnojcr ocw fd{ p~n

`m`r ä c aròfn mòf`mnovc( gnrv`mnovn Nhn nw|nr` p~n



>4

`mnmcw/ M`w gcmc |cfnmcw cbnfngnr ` v`h mòf`mnovc(

wn c |r÷|rdc Wnojcr Knw~w fdwwn p~n ‘fc gcr`áçc |rcgnfnm

m`~w fnwíaodcw( jcmdgífdcw( `f~hvärdcw( |rcwvdv~dáçc( i~rvcw(

i`hwcw vnwvnm~ojcw( bh`wiëmd`w” *Mv 0>/04$3

@ rnw|cwv` ` nww` |nra~ov` v`mbäm ocw mcwvr` c

ynrf`fndrc g`mdojc |`r` ` cbnfdëogd`; ‘m`w c Gcowch`fcr( c

Nw|írdvc Wòvc( ` p~nm c \`d noyd`rà nm mn~ ocmn( nwwn

hjnw nowdo`rà vcf`w `w gcdw`w n hjnw i`rà hnmbr`r fn v~fc

c p~n hjnw vnojc fdvc” *Kc 06/29 ‗ ardic mn~$/ C Nw|írdvc fn

Grdwvc ocw nowdo` vcf`w `w gcdw`w/ Oçc ä ~m` gcdw` c~ c~vr`/

Wçc vcf`w `w gcdw`w/ Dwvc dogh~d ` cbnfdëogd`/ N( |`r`

cbnfngnrmcw ì crfnm fn `m`r( Nhn ocw nogjn gcm c `mcr

fc \`d Gnhnwvd`h/ Nhn( p~n ocw |~rdidg` fn vcfc c |ng`fc( c~wnk`( p~n( fd` ` fd`( `rròg` vcf`w `p~nh`w gcdw`w jcrríyndw

p~n |rcgnfnm fc ocwwc gcr`áçc( ocw g`|`gdv` ` `m`r( vòvc

` Fn~w( p~òvc `c ocwwc |r÷zdmc/

\`r` p~n Nhn `v~n nm o÷w fnww` icrm`( |rngdw`mcw

ocw rnofnr ` Nhn( ocw novrna`rmcw ` Nhn vcv`h n

ynrf`fndr`mnovn/ N |rngdw`mcw( gcowvòvnmnovn( i`h`r gcm

c Wnojcr n c~yd-Hc( c~ wnk`( cr`r/ Ä `vr`yäw f` cr`áçc p~n

grd`mcw dovdmdf`fn gcm Fn~w n ä `vr`yäw fnww` dovdmdf`fn

p~n c Nw|írdvc Wòvc àn |cfnrcw`mnovn nm o÷w/ Nww` `áçc

grnwgnovn fc Nw|írdvc nm o÷w( ocw hny` ` cbnfngnrmcw `c



9<

p~n ynrf`fndr`mnovn ä ` ycov`fn fn Fn~w( ` i`{nrmcw c

p~n rn`hmnovn vnm y`hcr |`r` Nhn/ N ä onwv` cbnfdëogd` p~n

ocw vcro`mcw dowvr~mnovcw ûvndw ì fdw|cwdáçc f– Nhn/

@häm fc `mcr( c Wnojcr Knw~w ocw fndzc~ c~vrcw

mòf`mnovcw gcmc |nrfc`r( rnw|ndv`r `~vcrdf`fnw( wnrmcw

j~mdhfnw( n `dof` c~vrcw/ M`w vcfcw nhnw fn|nofnm fc

`mcr/ \`~hc v`mbäm fdwwn dwvc( p~òfc wn rninrd` `cw fcow(

mcwvròfc p~n nwvn ä ~m bnm p~n fnyn wnr b~wg`fc nm

Fn~w/ Nhn fd{ p~n oçc vnmcw c `mcr nm o÷w mnwmcw n p~n

fnynmcw b~wgà-hc oc Wnojcr( |crp~n( wnm nhn( o`f` vnm

y`hcr *ynr 0G< 07$/ Nhn fd{ p~n oçc `fdòv` i`{nrmcw `w

gcdw`w m`dw wòv`w fc m~ofc( wn oçc vdynrmcw `mcr/ Novçc(

fn `gcrfc gcm `w |`h`yr`w fn Knw~w n gcm c i~of`mnovchòá`fc |nhc `|÷wvchc \`~hc( ä `p~d p~n fnyn gcmná`r `

ocww` cbnfdëogd`/

Wna~dofc nwwn |rdogí|dc wnrnmcw hny`fcw( |nhc

Nw|írdvc( ` cbnfngnrmcw `c Wnojcr nm vcf` ` W~` ycov`fn/

Ä dwwc p~n ocw hny`rà ` b~wg`r n gcojngnr c |rc|÷wdvc fn

Fn~w |`r` `w ocww`w ydf`w/ Fn |cwwn fnwvn gcojngdmnovc(

wnrnmcw hny`fcw ` cbnfngnr ìw dowvr~áþnw fn \`~hc p~òvc

ìw rn~odþnw f` Darnk`( cofn ocwwc cbknvdyc oçc wnrà m`dw c

fn rngnbnr( m`w c fn f`r/ Oçc drnmcw m`dw ìw rn~odþnw |`r`

rngnbnrmcw ` `|rcy`áçc fcw c~vrcw |nh` ocww` wòvdf`fn/



90

Oçc drnmcw m`dw |`r` b~wg`r `hdmnovc( `|no`w( |`r` ` ocww`

`hm`/ Oçc drnmcw m`dw |`r` rngnbnr rnynh`áþnw( g~r`w(

gcowchc( mdhàrnw n c~vr`w bëoáçcw/ Drnmcw ìw rn~odþnw(

|`r` p~n c Wnojcr ~vdhd{n ` g`f` ~m fn o÷w gcmc Wn~

dowvr~mnovc( `vr`yäw fc p~`h ` W~` ycov`fn wnrà indv`/ @í

j`ynrà gcm~ojçc gcm Fn~w n gcm cw c~vrcw wòvcw( |crp~n

Fn~w nwv`rà oc mndc fn o÷w/

Grndc p~n ä ` dwvc p~n c Wnojcr wn rninrn( p~òfc i`h`

fc g`mdojc `|nrv`fc p~n hny` ` ~m` |crv` nwvrndv`/ \crp~n

nww` ocww` cbnfdëogd` ä c rnw~hv`fc fn ~m` gcowàr`áçc

vcv`h ` Fn~w/ Dwvc dm|hdg` nm `brdrmcw mçc( gcm|hnv`mnovn(

fn p~`hp~nr gcovrchn p~n |cww`mcw vnr wcbrn ocww`w ydf`w(

ocw novrnaòfc vcv`hmnovn `c fcmíodc fc Wnojcr/ Nwv`novrna` i`{ gcm p~n ocw wdov`mcw ir`gcw( wnm g`|`gdf`fn

|`r` i`{nrmcw o`f`/ M`w ` ynrf`fn ä p~n( k~wv`mnovn onww`

jcr`( wnrnmcw g`|`gdv`fcw( |nhc Nw|írdvc fn Grdwvc( `

i`{nrmcw p~`hp~nr gcdw` p~n wnk` fn W~` ycov`fn/ Gcmc

fdwwn \`~hc; ‘p~òfc wc~ ir`gc( novçc( ä p~n wc~ icrvn” *2Gc

02/0<$/

Jckn( ocrm`hmnovn( vnmcw fdidg~hf`fn |`r` novnofnr

gcmc F`yd |öfn noirnov`r `c adaòvn/ M~dv`w yn{nw( wcmcw

hny`fcw ` gcowdfnr`r ` j`bdhdf`fn p~n nhn kà vdoj` gcm `

i~of`/ M`w nwvà bnm gh`rc p~n onm mnwmc F`yd wn id`y` o`



92

w~` |r÷|rd` j`bdhdf`fn/ Ynk`m c p~n nhn fdwwn ` Achd`w; ‘c

WNOJCR vn novrna`rà o`w mdoj`w mçcw” *0Wm 01/69$/

F` mnwm` icrm`( idg`mcw `fmdr`fcw gcm ` icrá` fn

Wòwçc/ M`w nhn oçc vdoj` icrá` onoj~m`! W~` icrá` ydoj`

wnm|rn fn Fn~w/ ‘Novçc( c Nw|írdvc fc WNOJCR fn v`h

mòndr` wn `|cwwc~ fnhn( p~n nhn c r`wac~ U`c hnçc]

gcmc p~nm r`wa` ~m g`brdvc( wnm o`f` vnr o` mçc” *K{

06/9 ‗ ardic mn~$/ Fn ocyc; ‘Novçc( c Nw|írdvc fc WNOJCR

fn v`h mòndr` wn `|cwwc~ fnhn( p~n fnwgn~ `cw

`wp~nhcodv`w( m`vc~ fnhnw vrdov` jcmnow” *06/04 ‗ ardic

mn~$/ M`dw ~m` yn{; ‘|cräm c Nw|írdvc fc WNOJCR fn v`h

mòndr` wn `|cwwc~ fnhn( p~n `w gcrf`w p~n vdoj` ocw

br`ácw wn vcro`r`m gcmc idcw fn hdojc p~ndm`fcw( n `w w~`w`m`rr`f~r`w wn fnwid{nr`m f`w w~`w mçcw” *0>/06 ‗ ardic

mn~$ n( gcm ~m` p~ndz`f` fn k~mnovc( m`vc~ mdh idhdwvn~w/

C Wnojcr c ~w`y`( |crp~n nhn nr` gcowàr`fc ` Fn~w;

‘v~ gcognbnràw n f`ràw ì h~{ ~m idhjc wcbrn g~k` g`bná` oçc

|`ww`rà o`y`hj`/// |crp~n c mnodoc wnrà o`{drn~ gcowàr`fc

` Fn~w( fnwfn c ynovrn m`vnroc `vä `c fd` fn w~` mcrvn” *K{

07/>( 1$( icd c p~n Fn~w fdwwn ì mçn fn Wòwçc/ Oc novòvc(

p~òfc w~` gcowàr`áçc icd gcrv`f`( c~ wnk`( p~òfc nhn

y`hcrd{c~ m`dw ` ~m` |nwwc` fc p~n ` Fn~w( c Wnojcr wn



97

rnvdrc~ fnhn *ynr K{ 09/2<$ n nhn kà oçc vdoj` onoj~m` icrá`

|`r` rnàdr ` o`f`/

F` mnwm` icrm`( ä ` ocww` gcowàr`áçc `c Wnojcr

p~n ocw g`|`gdv`rà ` i`{nrmcw ` ycov`fn fn Fn~w/ Nm

c~vr`w |`h`yr`w( p~òfc ocw ona`rmcw ` o÷w mnwmcw(

vcm`rmcw ocww` gr~{ n wna~drmcw cw |`wwcw fc Wnojcr

Knw~w( wnrnmcw g`|`{nw fn cbnfngnr/ @ ydf` fc Wnojcr `p~d

o` vnrr` icd ~m` ydf` fn `~vcona`áçc( |`r` cbnfngnr ì

ycov`fn fc \`d/ Icd ~m` ydf` oc g`mdojc `|nrv`fc( wnm

b~wg` fn rn`hd{`áçc fn ycov`fnw |nwwc`dw( wnm b~wg` fn

gcogrnvd{`áçc fn wcojcw |nwwc`dw n wnm b~wg` fn w`vdwi`áçc

|nwwc`h( p~n oçc icwwn ` w`vdwi`áçc f` ycov`fn fn Fn~w/ N

wna~dr c Wn~ nznm|hc v`mbäm ä ~m mòf`mnovc ` wnrcbnfngdfc/

@acr`( |nra~ovc ` ycgëw n ` mdm; wcmcw hna`hdwv`w(

cbnfngnofc ` mòf`mnovcw fn jcmnow( |`r` |`rngnrmcw

wòvcw `cw chjcw fn vcfcw( c~ wcmcw grdwvçcw( cbnfngnofc

ynrf`fndr`mnovn `cw mòf`mnovcw fc Wnojcr( |`r` wnrmcw

wòvdidg`fcw |cr Nhn3 Jà ~m` fdinrnoá` nvnro` novrn `w f~`w

|cwdáþnw/



96

Wcmcw Wòvcw3

‘Wnfn wòvcw( |crp~n n~ wc~ wòvc” *0\n 0/09$

P~òv` gcdw` wn vnm indvc |cr g`~w` fnww` crfnm/ @

rnhdadçc `rrògc~ nww` |`wwànm fc gcovnzvc bíbhdgc n `

`|hdg` f`w |dcrnw icrm`w |cwwíyndw( wnm|rn dm|doadofc `c

jcmnm c i`rfc fn cbnfngë-h` dovnar`hmnovn( ` fnw|ndvc fn

w~` Ufc jcmnm] dog`|`gdf`fn |`r` vòvc/ Ynrf`fn ä( p~n

nww` crfnm icd f`f` `c jcmnm n fnyn wnr g~m|rdf`( m`w(

gcmc nm vcf`w `w gcdw`w hda`f`w `c ocwwc rnh`gdco`mnovc

gcm Fn~w( ä c |r÷|rdc Wnojcr p~n ocw `|cov` c g`mdojc `

wnr vrdhj`fc n ocw g`|`gdv`( oc Nw|írdvc Wòvc( ` `hgòá`r `mnv`( wn p~dwnrmcw/

Knw~w wn novrnac~ |cr o÷w ` idm fn ocw rnmdr fn

vcf` ` m`hf`fn n |~rdidg`r |`r` wd mnwmc ~m |cyc

|`rvdg~h`rmnovn wn~( fnfdg`fc ì |ràvdg` fn bc`w cbr`w/ N

bc`w cbr`w( |`r` p~n `wwdm wnk`m gcowdfnr`f`w( wçc c

rnw~hv`fc fc `mcr p~n nogjn ` |nwwc`( ` |covc fn oçc

|cfnr m`dw wnr gcovdfc n nz|hcfdr nm `vdv~fnw wòv`w n

wòvdidg`f`w( |`r` gcm Fn~w n |`r` gcm `w c~vr`w |nwwc`w/

Nh`w o~og` |cfnm wnr ir~vc f` dovnoáçc r`gdco`hd{`f` fn wn

g~m|rdr ~m` crfnm/ P~òfc fd{nmcw; ‘I`ác c bnm n



9>

nhdmdoc mn~w |ng`fcw( |crp~n ` \`h`yr` fn Fn~w fnvnrmdo`

dwvc!”( o` ynrf`fn( àdmcw gcmc cw i`rdwn~w( p~n |now`m

a`ròvdr w~` w`hy`áçc `vr`yäw fc g~m|rdmnovc f` hnd/

Vròwicrm`mcw ` Ar`á` nm Hnd!

C p~n i`{nmcw( onwwn g`wc( ä g~df`r f` `|`rëogd`!

Fd{nmcw; ‘Oçc i~mc( oçc bnbc( oçc mn frcac( oçc `f~hvnrc(

oçc wc~ `ww`wwdoc( oçc wc~ |nf÷idhc( oçc wc~ jcmcwwnz~`h(

i`hc b`dzc( mn fcmdoc nm v~fc( oçc yc~ ` inwv`w( oçc

`wwdwvc onm yc~ `c i~vnbch( oçc `wwdwvc vnhnydwçc( yc~

wnm|rn ì darnk` n i`ác v~fc c p~n ` \`h`yr` fn Fn~w

mòf`!”/ Wcbrc~ `ha~m` gcdw` |`r` c Wnojcr c|nr`r nm

o÷w( ` idm fn Nhn ocw |~rdidg`r |`r` Wd mnwmc3 Gcm nwwn

fdwg~rwc( c p~n rn`hmnovn nwv`rí`mcw fd{nofc ä; ‘Oçc vnojc|ng`fc/ Ar`á`w Vn fc~( mn~ Fn~w( |crp~n n~ oçc wc~ gcmc

nwwnw c~vrcw( p~n i`{nm nww`w gcdw`w!”/ M`w( wn ìdrm`rmcw

p~n oçc vnmcw gcmnvdfc |ng`fc( i`{nmcw fn Fn~w ~m

mnovdrcwc( n ` w~` |`h`yr` oçc nwvà nm o÷w/

N c Wnojcr oçc yë gcmc c jcmnm; c jcmnm yë `

`|`rëogd`( m`w c Wnojcr yë c gcr`áçc/ Ä |cwwíynh p~n

`ha~äm oçc i`á` onoj~m` fnww`w gcdw`w( o` w~` |r÷|rd`

icrá`/ \cr icr`( nwwn `ha~äm `|`rnov` ~m` ydf` |dnfcw`/ Oc

novòvc( c wn~ dovnrdcr nwvà gjndc fn ÷fdc |nh`w |nwwc`w p~n

v`dw gcdw`w i`{nm/ @ vcfc mcmnovc( nww` |nwwc` gcofno`rà



99

ìw c~vr`w( |crp~n nh`w oçc wn nwicrá`m |`r` `vdoadr nwwn

|`frçc fn ‘wòvdf`fn” p~n nh` `vdoad~( gcm c wn~ nwicrác/

Nh` wnm|rn chj` `w c~vr`w |nwwc`w fn gdm` |`r` b`dzc( gcmc

wn nh` icwwn ~m wnr j~mòc mnhjcr( |nrindvc( `dof` p~n

fda`( f` bcg` |`r` icr`( ‘Oçc wc~ |nrindvc! V`mbäm vnojc

mn~w |ng`fcw!”/ Nh` w÷ fd{ dwvc( |`r` oçc vròwarnfdr ` ‘hnd”

fn p~n oçc |cfnmcw ìdrm`r p~n oçc vnmcw |ng`fc/ Ynmcw

~m` |nwwc` fnww`w n ` gcowdfnr`mcw ‘wòv`”( |cräm( c

Wnojcr w`bn p~n c wn~ gcr`áçc ä noaòcwc( m`dw fc p~n

vcf`w `w gcdw`w( n fnwnw|nr`f`mnovn gcrr~|vc/ Oçc vnm

`mcr!

C ocwwc Fn~w \`d n Grd`fcr ocw dofdgc~ ` icrm` |`r`

gjna`rmcw ì wòvdf`fn p~n Nhn rnp~nr fn o÷w; ‘Wn

gcoinww`rmcw cw ocwwcw |ng`fcw( nhn ä idnh n k~wvc |`r`

|nrfc`r cw ocwwcw |ng`fcw n ocw |~rdidg`r fn vcf`

dok~wvdá`”/ Oçc wc~ |nf÷idhc( m`w fnyc gcoinww`r; ‘Wnojcr(

wc~ jcmnm n( nop~òvc nwvdynr onwvn gcr|c g`ro`h( nwv`rnd

w~wgnvíynh ` gcmnvnr nwwn nrrc |`ycrcwc/ Oçc wc~ mnhjcr fc

p~n `w |nwwc`w p~n g`ír`m onwwn nrrc( Wnojcr( |cr dwvc( oçc

mn fndzn g`dr nm vnov`áçc n hdyr`-mn fc m`h”/ Oçc wc~

`ww`wwdoc( m`w fnyc gcoinww`r ` mnwm` gcdw`! N `wwdm

fnynmcw i`{nr gcm vcf`w `w m`hf`fnw p~n brcv`m nm ocwwc

gcr`áçc( |crp~n fc gcr`áçc w`nm cw m`~w |now`mnovcw( cw

jcmdgífdcw( cw `f~hvärdcw( `w dmcr`hdf`fnw wnz~`dw( cw



91

rc~bcw( cw i`hwcw vnwvnm~ojcw n `w g`hûod`w/ N wçc nww`w

gcdw`w p~n vcro`m c jcmnm dm|~rc( oçc-wòvc!

@wwdm v`mbäm ä( p~òfc ocw `|rczdm`mcw fc

Wnojcr( `dof` gòw`fcw n wcbrng`rrna`fcw fn nrrcw(

`vnofnofc `c Wn~ gj`m`fc/ Fnynmcw vnr ` gcoidòá` fn

nwv`rmcw `wwnov`fcw ocw h~a`rnw gnhnwvd`dw( nm Grdwvc Knw~w(

wòvdidg`fcw |cr Nhn( `vr`yäw fc Nw|írdvc Wòvc( p~n mdhdv`

gcovr` ocww` g`ron( |`r` p~n oçc i`á`mcw c p~n(

|crynov~r`( icr fn ocww` ycov`fn/ N dwvc oçc `gcovngn nm

~m |`wwn fn màadg`! Ä ar`f~`h! Vcfcw cw fd`w wcmcw

nowdo`fcw |nhc Wnojcr! Vcfcw cw fd`w wcmcw wòvdidg`fcw |cr

Nhn( |`r` p~n wnk`mcw `|rnwnov`fcw |nròvn nhn wòvcw(

dog~h|àyndw n drrn|rnnowíyndw( wn ä p~n |nrmòngnmcw onwwìä( `hdgnrá`fcw n idrmnw/ Gcm nww` iä( fn p~n ä Nhn p~nm ocw

|~rdidg`( n gcm ` gcoidwwçc wdognr` f` ocww` ir`p~n{` n f`

ocww` dm|cwwdbdhdf`fn fn ocw `|nrindác`rmcw( c Nw|írdvc fn

Grdwvc ocw mcwvr` c g`mdojc ` wna~dr( h~v` gcovr` ocww`

g`ron( àn o`w gdrg~owvâogd`w( |`r` p~n oçc wnk`mcw

vnov`fcw `häm fn ocww`w icrá`w( n gchcg` c Wn~ `mcr nm

ocwwc gcr`áçc( ` idm fn p~n nhn wnk` g`|`gdv`fc ` ynr `w

c~vr`w |nwwc`w( gcmc c Wnojcr `w yë( nm `mcr( `häm fn

oçc |now`rmcw m`dw fc p~n gcoyäm( ` ocwwc |r÷|rdc

rnw|ndvc/



9:

M`w ` \`h`yr` fn Fn~w oçc nwvà gjnd` fn

rngcmnof`áþnw |`r` p~n `bòfconmcw c |ng`fc3 Wdm(

nwvà! M`w( wn dwvc icwwn |cwwíynh( o` ocww` |r÷|rd` icrá`(

Knw~w oçc |rngdw`rd` vnr-Wn f`fc nm w`grdiígdc |cr o÷w/ Nhn

yndc( gcmc Gcrfndrc fn Fn~w( nz`v`mnovn |cr oçc ocw wnr

|cwwíynh ` `~vcwwòvdidg`áçc! N nww` ä ` mnowànm gnovr`h

fc Nyòanhjc; `rrn|nofdmnovc fn cbr`w mcrv`w! Dwvc

wdaodidg` ocw gcowgdnovd{`rmcw f` ocww` dog`|`gdf`fn fn

`hgòá`r( |nhc ocwwc nwicrác( ` wòvdf`fn( wnm ` p~`h

odoa~äm ynrà ` Fn~w/ Nww` gcowgdëogd` ocw hny` `

gcoinww`rmcw ` ocww` ir`p~n{` ` Fn~w n ` novrna`rmcw

ocww` ydf` nm W~`w mçcw( gcoidòfc p~n Knw~w ä(

rn`hmnovn( c ûodgc G`mdojc |`r` ocw gjna`rmcw ` Fn~w/ N

nwwn G`mdojc( wcmnovn Nhn( ä ` ocww` w`bnfcrd`( ocww`

k~wvdidg`áçc( ocww` wòvdidg`áçc n ocww` rnfnoáçc! @|hdg`r

dwvc ì ocww` ydf` ä cbnfngnr `cw mòf`mnovcw |`r` fndz`r

c |ng`fc/

"^m ocyc mòf`mnovc hjnw fc~; @mnm-wn ~ow `cw

c~vrcw/ Gcmc n~ cw `mnd( ycgëw fnynm `m`r-wn ~ow `cw

c~vrcw/ Gcm dwwc vcfcw w`bnrçc p~n ycgëw wçc mn~w

fdwgí|~hcw( wn ycgëw wn `m`rnm ~ow `cw c~vrcw" *Kc 07/7>$/

Ä nz|rnwwòfc `mcr p~n ocw vcro`mcw fdwgí|~hcw fn Knw~w/

‘@mnm cw wn~w dodmdacw n crnm |cr `p~nhnw p~n cw

|nrwna~nm( |`r` p~n ycgëw ynoj`m ` wnr idhjcw fn wn~ \`d

p~n nwvà ocw gä~w/ \crp~n nhn i`{ r`d`r c wn~ wch wcbrn m`~w



94

n bcow n fnrr`m` gj~y` wcbrn k~wvcw n dok~wvcw *Mv

>/66/6>$/ Ä nz|rnwwòfc `mcr p~n ocw vcro`mcw idhjcw fn

Fn~w/ Gcmc vnr nwwn `mcr( wn fc ocwwc gcr`áçc w÷ w`nm

gcdw`w r~dow3 Wdm|hnw; rngcojngnofc p~n wcmcw m`~w( `

fnw|ndvc fn ocwwc nwicrác nm |`rngnrmcw wnr wòvcw! Ä

fdmdo~drmcw( |`r` p~n Grdwvc grnwá` nm o÷w/ N fdmdo~dr(

`p~d( wdaodidg` |`r`rmcw fn `gj`r p~n wcmcw g`|`{nw fn

i`{nr `ha~m` gcdw` bc` nm o÷w mnwmcw/

Ä vnrmcw nwv` gcowgdëogd`; ‘C mn~ gcr|c n c mn~

gcr`áçc |cfnrçc ir`p~nk`r( m`w Fn~w ä ` icrá` fc mn~

gcr`áçc n ` mdoj` jnròá` |`r` wnm|rn” *Wh 17;29$/ Ä |`r`

c Wnojcr p~n nwv`mcw fn |ä c~ g`ímcw/ M`w nwv`rnmcw fn

|ä( |cdw c Wnojcr ä |cfnrcwc |`r` ocw w~wvnov`r/ Dwvc ä Àr`á` fn Fn~w( p~n( `vr`yäw fc `mcr( nogr`yc~ ` Hnd o`

Gr~{/ Dwvc ä òf`r oc Nw|írdvc/ O÷w( p~n `m`mcw ` Knw~w

Grdwvc( fnynmcw rcm|nr fnidodvdy`mnovn gcm cw

mòf`mnovcw n nowdocw j~mòcw( fc vd|c; "Oçc

mò~wndn!"( "Oçc |rcyn!"( "Oçc vcp~n!"/ Nww`w rnar`w vëm(

fn i`vc( `|`rëogd` fn w`bnfcrd`( gcm w~` |rnvnow`

rnhdadcwdf`fn( i`hw` j~mdhf`fn n wnynrdf`fn gcm c gcr|c(

m`w oçc vëm y`hcr `ha~m |`r` rnirn`r cw dm|~hwcw f` g`ron/

W÷ Knw~w ä ` ocww` wòvdidg`áçc!



1<

Wnrà P~n Odoa~äm Yd~ Dwvc3

Covnm ì ocdvn( nm cr`áçc( `ha~m`w |`h`yr`w fn Knw~w

vcg`r`m i~ofc nm mdm/ Gnrv`mnovn( |crp~n c Wnojcr vnm

i`h`fc wcbrn c `ww~ovc gcmdac( jà `ha~ow mnwnw/ Nhn fdwwn;

‘Oçc c |rcíb`m5 |crp~n oçc jà odoa~äm p~n i`á` mdhàrn

nm mn~ ocmn n( hcac ` wna~dr( |cww` i`h`r m`h fn mdm” *Mg

4/74$/

Kcçc j`yd` fdvc `c Mnwvrn( p~n ~m fnvnrmdo`fc

jcmnm nz|nhd` fnmöodcw nm ocmn fn Knw~w/ M`w( |cr nwwn

jcmnm oçc òf`r k~ovc gcm nhnw( cw fdwgí|~hcw

wdm|hnwmnovn c |rcdbdr`m fn gcovdo~`r i`{nofc `p~dhc/ N(fn|cdw fn fd{nr |`r` nhnw oçc |rcdbdrnm v`h gcdw`( Knw~w

`dof` dofdgc~ p~n w÷ jà f~`w |cwwdbdhdf`fnw( nm rnh`áçc `

Nhn; ‘P~nm oçc ä gcovr` o÷w( ä |cr o÷w!” *y/ 6<$/ C~ wnk`(

p~nm oçc àn gcovr` Grdwvc( àn ` i`ycr fNhn/ Oçc nzdwvn

mndc-vnrmc! C~ ` |nwwc` ydyn c wn~ fd`-`-fd` nm ocmn fn

Knw~w( gcmc Wn~ rn|rnwnovòvn *nmb`dz`fcr$( c~ ydyn |cr

wn~ |r÷|rdc ocmn( ì`wv`f` fc Fn~w \`d n Grd`fcr n( c p~n ä

|dcr( gcovr` Nhn/

Novnofd p~n c Wnojcr nwv`y` mn i`hòfc( gcmc nm

vòv`w c~vr`w yn{nw( ` rnw|ndvc f` ~odf`fn p~n fnyn j`ynr



10

nm vcroc fc Wn~ Ocmn/ Wn~w fdwgí|~hcw( `hd( àdr`m gcmc wn

icwwnm |nwwc`w nw|ngd`dw( |cr |`rvdgd|`rnm fc ûodgc ar~|c

fn |nwwc`w nwgchjdf`w |cr Fn~w( |`r` wnrnm rn|rnwnovòvnw

fn Wn~ Ocmn( `p~d o` vnrr`/ N icr`m noynracoj`fcw |cr

dwvc! @ `vdv~fn p~n vcm`r`m( |cr gcov` f` ydwçc p~n vdoj`m(

icd rn|rcy`f` |nhc Wnojcr! Nm c~vr`w |`h`yr`w( c Wnojcr

nwv`y` fd{nofc ` nhnw; ‘Ä gnrvc p~n nwgchjd ycgëw

dofdydf~`hmnovn( |`r` òf`rnm gcmdac/ \cräm( jà c~vr`w

|nwwc`w p~n rngcojngnm c Mn~ wnojcrdc n c|v`m |cr Mn

wnrydr/ N c \`d `w vr`{ |`r` Mdm! Ycgëw |cfnm gcoidrm`r dwvc

|nhc Wn~ |cfnr p~n icd mòdinwv`fc `vr`yäw fnwwn jcmnm/

@p~nhn jcmnm( p~n ycgëw fdwgrdmdo`r`m( fnmcowvrc~ w~` iä

nm Mdm( `c àdr nm Mn~ Ocmn n `c dmdv`r Mdoj`w `vdv~fnw/

Nhn oçc àd` |`r` w~` |r÷|rd` ah÷rd`( m`w |`r` ` Mdoj`!”/

N icd dwwc p~n nogjn~ mn~ gcr`áçc fn vnmcr( p~n mn

gcowvnroc~ |rci~of`mnovn/ Chjnd |`r` vràw( |`r` mn~w

|`wwcw( n idp~nd nwv`rrngdfc gcm ` p~òvdf`fn fn yn{nw p~n

àd nz`v`mnovn f` mnwm` icrm` p~n cw fdwgí|~hcw àdr`m

o`p~nh` cg`wdçc( n p~òv`w yn{nw àd fn mòndr` `dof` |dcr

p~n nhnw/ \dcr fc p~n dwvc; chjnd nm ychv`( |`r` ` Darnk`( n

mn noznra~nd nm p~`wn vcf`w `w |nwwc`w p~n wn |rcinww`m

mnmbrcw fc Gcr|c fn Grdwvc/



12

P~òv`w yn{nw c~yd fn Wn~w mnmbrcw; ‘@ Darnk` ä ~m

gcr|c nm mcydmnovc!”/ N ä ynrf`fn/ M`w c mcydmnovc p~n

wn yë ä fn `~vcfnwvr~dáçc/ C mcydmnovc p~n wn yë ä fn

mnmbrcw fdah`fdòfc-wn novrn wd/ ^m `|cov` |`r` c c~vrc n

fd{ p~n c wn~ ar~|c ä c ûodgc gcrrnvc n p~n( |cr dwvc( c c~vrc

oçc ä grdwvçc n oçc vnm c fdrndvc fn fd{nr p~n nwvà wnrydofc

`c Wn~ Wnojcr/ M`dw fc p~n dwvc( ~m ‘|rcíbn” c c~vrc fn àdr

nm ocmn fn Knw~w! Vcfcw w`bnm p~n wçc mnmbrcw fc

Gcr|c( m`w g`f` ~m wn gcowdfnr` ` g`bná` fc gcr|c( o~og`

~m mnmbrc doinrdcr/ \cfnm `vä ìdrm`r c gcovràrdc gcm

wn~w hàbdcw( m`w ä dwvc p~n mcwvr`m gcm w~`w `vdv~fnw! N(

gcmc g`bná` fnwmdch`f`( chj`m |`r` cw mnmbrcw n fd{nm

p~n nhnw oçc wçc mnmbrcw/

ôw fd{nm p~n ` w`hy`áçc ä |nh` nhndáçc wcbnrò` n

dogcofdgdco`h fn Fn~w/ C~vrcw fd{nm p~n ä |nh` nhndáçc

|rnwgdnovn( wcbnrò` n gcofdgdco`h/ ôw fd{nm p~n cw mdh

òcw fn rndo`fc fn Grdwvc o` vnrr` ä nw|drdv~`h n kà nwvà

cgcrrnofc( nop~òvc c~vrcw fd{nm p~n nhn wnrà hdvnr`h n

`dof` y`d cgcrrnr/ ôw fd{nm p~n c fí{dmc `dof` ä ~m`

cbrda`áçc f` Darnk`( nop~òvc c~vrcw fd{nm p~n oçc ä m`dw/

ôw `gj`m p~n c Nw|írdvc Wòvc oçc Wn mòdinwv` m`dw gcm

c |cfnr p~n Wn mòdinwv`y` oc |rdogí|dc f` Darnk`( `c |`wwc

p~n c~vrcw `gj`m p~n Nhn `dof` Wn mòdinwv` `wwdm/ N

mdhj`rnw fn c~vrcw mcvdycw rdfíg~hcw! N g`f` ~m p~nr |rcdbdr

c c~vrc fn fd{nr p~n nwvà àdofc nm ocmn fn Knw~w!



17

\`~hc kà j`yd` fdvc p~n oçc dm|crv` wn ~m `gj` p~n

|cfn gcmnr n c c~vrc `gj` p~n oçc |cfn/ Oçc dm|crv` wn

~m `gj` p~n vnm p~n wn|`r`r fd`w nw|ngd`dw n c~vrc `gj`

p~n oçc/ \crp~n c p~n dm|crv`( rn`hmnovn( ä wn g`f` ~m grë

p~n Knw~w Grdwvc ä c Wnojcr n |`ww` ` wna~dr Wn~w |`wwcw( `

dmdvà-hC( nm vròwicrm`áçc gcowvòvn fn ydf`( |`r` ` jcor`

n ah÷rd` fc Wnojcr( oçc |`r` w`vdwi`{nr ` w~` |r÷|rd`

wcbnrb`/ Nwvnw( wdm( ä p~n nwvçc wn|`r`fcw fn Grdwvc n wçc

gcovr` Nhn! ‘Ndw c wcbnrbc! W~` `hm` oçc ä rnv` onhn5 m`w c

k~wvc ydynrà |nh` w~` iä” *Jb 2/6$/

@vä p~òfc idg`rnmcw fnmcod{òfc c wnryc `hjndc(

k~haòfc-c( fnw|rn{òfc-c( gcmc wn nhn oçc icwwn wnryc fn

Knw~w( fc Fn~w @hvíwwdmc3 @vä p~òfc y`mcw |nrmdvdr p~n `

ocww` wcbnrb` rndon nm ocww` ydf`( `c doyäw fn Knw~w3 \cr

p~n oçc ynmcw p~n ä gcocwgc p~n c Wnojcr nwvà i`hòfc(

p~òfc fd{ p~n y`d gj`m`r vcfcw cw ‘dofdaocw” |`r` ` W~`

gnd`( oc h~a`r f`p~nhnw p~n Nhn j`yd` gcoydf`fc

òvnrdcrmnovn3 P~òfc hnmcw( c~ c~ydmcw( nww` |`wwànm

fn H~g`w 06( wnm|rn |now`mcw p~n Nhn nwvà i`hòfc fcw

c~vrcw grnovnw( o~og` fn o÷w mnwmcw! M`w ä gcm o÷w

mnwmcw p~n Nhn nwvà i`hòfc( |crp~n o÷w nwv`mcw ocw

cg~|òfc gcm dfnd`w fn jcmnow( nm yn{ fn `gndv`rmcw c

Wn~ gcoydvn n drmcw nm W~` fdrnáçc! Mcrrnmcw fninofnofc



16

|rngndvcw j~mòcw( m`w oçc `gndv`mcw onm ~m fnwm`dc

nm ocmn fn Knw~w! Fd{nmcw p~n nwv`mcw i`{nofc ` W~`

ycov`fn( m`w ocw nogjnmcw fn ÷fdc wn `ha~äm oçc |now`

gcmc o÷w!

V~fc dwwc ä ydynr ~m` mnovdr`! V~fc dwwc nzgh~d fn

ocww`w ydf`w c `mcr gcm p~n icmcw `m`fcw |cr Knw~w! O÷w

fd{nmcw p~n `gndv`mcw n rngnbnmcw nwwn `mcr( m`w oçc c

rn|`ww`mcw `fdòvn/ O~og`! @gj`mcw p~n dwwc ä

nzgh~wdydf`fn ocww`/ Cw c~vrcw p~n wn ydrnm |`r` rngnbë-hc/

B`wv` p~n `k`m n |nownm gcmc o÷w( p~n( novçc( nhnw

v`mbäm wnrçc mnrngnfcrnw fnwwn `mcr/ M`w fnwfn p~òfc

icmcw mnrngnfcrnw fn `ha~m` gcdw` ydof` fn Fn~w3

Onoj~m fn o÷w ä mnrngnfcr fn o`f`( ` oçc wnr fngcofno`áçc nvnro`/ N( àcr` p~n ` ar`á` ocw `hgòác~(

y`mcw gcovdo~`r fòfc mcvdycw |`r` nww` gcofno`áçc(

rnkndvòfc ` Knw~w3 Gh`rc p~n oçc! N~ f~ydfc p~n `ha~m

grdwvçc |rcinwwc rnw|cof` wdm ` nww` |nra~ov`(

gcowgdnovnmnovn/ M`w ä c wdm p~n o÷w nwv`mcw fd{nofc( `c

ocw rcv~h`rmcw gcm ocmnw fn jcmnm n `c rcv~h`rmcw `cw

c~vrcw v`mbäm! @c fdwgrdmdo`rmcw p~nm p~nr p~n wnk`( p~n

|nown fdinrnovn fn o÷w!

Knw~w fdwwn |`r` ocw `m`rmcw ~ow `cw c~vrcw/ C

Nw|írdvc fn Grdwvc fdwwn p~n c `mcr ä c yíog~hc f` |nrindáçc n



1>

p~n fnynmcw i`{nr c bnm ` vcfcw( NW\NGD@HMNOVN `cw f`

i`míhd` f` iä/ Nhn oçc fd{ `cw f` i`míhd` fcw b`vdwv`w( c~

|rnwbdvnrdòcw( c~ `wwnmbhndòcw( c~ g`v÷hdgcw( c~

qnwhntòcw( c~ g`hydodwv`w( c~ `rmdodòcw( c~ àcwvdodòcw(

c~ |nhàdòcw( c~ fn \`~hc( c~ fn @|chc( c~ fn Gni`w( c~ fn

c~vrc ocmn p~`hp~nr/ Ä `cw f` i`míhd` f` iä nm Grdwvc Knw~w/

@p~nhnw p~n grnnm p~n Knw~w Grdwvc( jcmnm( ä c ûodgc Fn~w

n c ûodgc Mnfd`fcr novrn Fn~w n cw jcmnow/ @p~nhnw p~n

grnnm p~n Nhn mcrrn~ |nhcw |ng`fcw fn vcfcw n p~n icd

rnww~wgdv`fc |cr Fn~w( |`r` p~n vcfcw cw p~n oNhn grnrnm(

wnk`m w`hycw/ @p~nhnw p~n grnnm p~n nwwn Knw~w ychv`rà

|`r` rn~odr fnidodvdy`mnovn ` Nhn( vcfcw cw p~n oNhn grnr`m/

Nww` ä ` i`míhd` f` iä( p~n Fn~w gcowdfnr`/ Nww` ä ` i`míhd`

p~n wnrà `|nrindác`f` `vä wn nogcovr`r fnidodvdy`mnovn gcm

Nhn/

@wwdm fd{ c Wnojcr; "Jckn( wn ycgëw c~ydrnm ` mdoj`

yc{( oçc nof~rná`m c gcr`áçc”/ @ yc{ fc Wnojcr ocw gj`m`

`c `mcr( n `m`r v`mbäm ä gnfnr/ Oçc |rngdw`mcw

gcogcrf`r gcm |rngndvcw vnch÷adgcw fn odoa~äm( m`w

|rngdw`mcw `m`r ` vcfcw n rngcojngnr p~n c nrrc p~n

ynmcw ocw c~vrcw |cfn nwv`r( o` ynrf`fn( nm o÷w! Wn oçc

vdynrmcw j~mdhf`fn |`r` dwvc( ä |crp~n `dof` oçc mcrrnmcw

gcm Grdwvc n g`mdoj`mcw |`r` ` mcrvn nvnro`/ C~á`mcw `

W~` yc{! Wnk`mcw ^m gcm Knw~w( `wwdm gcmc Nhn ä ^m gcm

c \`d!



19

Fdwgd|~h`fc

‘\`wwòfc |cr `hd( yd~ Hnyd( idhjc fn @hin~( wnov`fc o`

gchnvcrd`( n fdwwn-hjn; ‟Wda`-mn–/ Hnyd hnyòvc~-wn n c

wna~d~” *Mg 2/06$

Ndw `í c fdwgd|~h`fc fnwgrdvc |cr gcm|hnvc( fc doígdc `c

idm!

Oçc jà vnchcad`w! Oçc jà gcojngdmnovc |räydc fn

P~nm ä Knw~w! Oçc jà g~m|rdmnovc fn hndw! Oçc jà `|nac

ìw ‘gnrvn{`w” f` ydf` n ì w~` gcmcfdf`fn!

V~fc p~n nzdwvn ä c gj`m`fc |nwwc`h fn Knw~w n `

cbnfdëogd` f` |nwwc` gj`m`f`! Ä dwvc mnwmc; ` cbnfdëogd`

`c ‘wda`-mn” ä c |rdmndrc |`wwc( wnk` |nhc mcvdyc p~n icr!

Cw nyòanhjcw ocw fçc gcov` fdwvc( `c ocw vr`{nrnm ~m

|c~gc f` jdwv÷rd` fcw fdwgí|~hcw/ @hd( |nrgnbnmcw p~n j`yd`

fdinrnovnw mcvdy`áþnw novrn nhnw( m`w j`yd` nwwn |covc

gcm~m ` vcfcw; ` cbnfdëogd` fn wna~dr ` Knw~w( p~òfc

gj`m`fcw/



11

Nwwn gj`m`fc( p~n wn mòväm `vr`yäw fc Nw|írdvc fn

Grdwvc( àcr` nwvnofdfc ` vcf`w `w |nwwc`w( gcovdo~` c

mnwmc; ä ~m gj`m`fc ì ydf` wnm ~m rcvndrc |rä-

nwv`bnhngdfc5 oçc jà gnrvn{`w! \nhc gcovràrdc; c p~n nzdwvn ä

~m g`mdojc `|nrv`fc( fn fûydf`w( fn dognrvn{`w( r~mc `c

fnwgcojngdfc!

Ä ~m gj`m`fc p~n ocw hny` ` h`ra`rmcw v~fc c p~n

ydynmcw( `vä novçc( n ` icg`rmcw w÷ n ~odg`mnovn oc Grdwvc(

oc Idhjc fn Fn~w( oc |r÷|rdc Fn~w p~n Wn vcroc~ Jcmnm/ @

mnv`( àcr`( ä wna~d-Hc nm g`f` |`wwc Wn~( `|rnofnofc

gcm Nhn n dmdvòfc g`f` chj`r( g`f` vcp~n( g`f` `br`ác(

g`f` `gchjdmnovc( g`f` `vdv~fn( g`f` gcm~ojçc( g`f`

|`h`yr`( p~n Nhn i`{ n fd{! @acr`( fnwg`rv`mcw vcf`w `wiörm`w gcojngdf`w( grd`f`w n dm|cwv`w |nhc jcmnm( p~n

vnov`m nog`dzcv`r c Nw|írdvc!

N wnm c ‘Wda`-mn” |nwwc`h fn Knw~w( oçc `fdòv`

f`rmcw onm ~m |`wwc nm W~` fdrnáçc!

‘Dofc nhnw g`mdojc icr`( `ha~äm hjn fdwwn; Wna~dr-vn-

nd |`r` cofn p~nr p~n icrnw/ M`w Knw~w hjn rnw|cofn~; @w

r`|cw`w vëm wn~w gcydw( n `w `ynw fc gä~( odojcw5 m`w c

Idhjc fc Jcmnm oçc vnm cofn rnghdo`r ` g`bná`/



1:

@ c~vrc fdwwn Knw~w; Wna~n-mn! Nhn( |cräm(

rnw|cofn~; \nrmdvn-mn dr |rdmndrc wn|~hv`r mn~ |`d/ M`w

Knw~w dowdwvd~; Fndz` `cw mcrvcw c wn|~hv`r cw wn~w |r÷|rdcw

mcrvcw/ V~( |cräm( y`d n |rna` c rndoc fn Fn~w/

C~vrc hjn fdwwn; Wna~dr-vn-nd( Wnojcr5 m`w fndz`-mn

|rdmndrc fnw|nfdr-mn fcw fn g`w`/ M`w Knw~w hjn rn|hdgc~;

Odoa~äm p~n chj` |`r` vràw( vnofc |cwvc ` mçc oc `r`fc( ä

`|vc |`r` c rndoc fn Fn~w” *Hg 4/>1-92$/

Nww` |`wwànm ä ` dofdg`áçc fn Knw~w wcbrn `

ongnwwdf`fn fc Wn~ gj`m`fc( |`r` wnrmcw Wn~w fdwgí|~hcw/

M`dw fc p~n dwvc( ä ~m` fnmcowvr`áçc f` dowòdf`fn

j~mò` nm vnov`r wna~d-Hc( wnm p~n Nhn gj`mn( n f`

do~vdhdf`fn fc nm|rnac fn iörm`w c~ hndw gcmc

fnmcowvr`áçc f` g`|`gdf`fn |r÷|rd` fn òf`r nm Wn~

g`mdojc;

Oc |rdmndrc g`wc( ` |nwwc` `bcrf` ` Knw~w n fd{ p~n C

wna~drà ` p~`hp~nr h~a`r/ Dmnfd`v`mnovn( Knw~w fnmcowvr`

p~n nww` |nwwc` oçc vnm ` míodm` ocáçc fc p~n nwvà

fd{nofc; Knw~w i`h` f` dowv`bdhdf`fn n f` dognrvn{` fn Wn~



14

g`mdojc( p~n ä nm fdrnáçc ì Gr~{( nm fdrnáçc `c wcirdmnovc

n odoa~äm vnm gcmc p~nrnr dwvc |r` wd mnwmc!

Hcac fn|cdw( ä Knw~w P~nm gj`m` ~m` |nwwc`/ N `

|nwwc` `gndv` c gcoydvn! M`w nwv`( |rcy`ynhmnovn |cr gcov`

f` vr`fdáçc j~mò` f` p~`h c~yd~ i`h`r( |now` p~n |rngdw`(

|rdmndrc( wn |rn|`r`r |`r` wna~dr ` Knw~w! Nh` `gj` p~n

fnyn( òvnw fn v~fc( g~m|rdr ` Hnd |`r`( novçc( nwv`r `|v` `

wna~dr c Wn~ g`mdojc/ N Knw~w fd{ ` nh`; ‘Nwp~ná` ` Hnd! Wn~

gcm|rcmdwwc ä gcmdac5 wn~ rnh`gdco`mnovc( àcr`( ä fdrnvc

gcmdac5 N~ yc~ i`h`r fdrnv`mnovn gcm ycgë( yc~ hjn nowdo`r

v~fc c p~n ycgë |rngdw` w`bnr( yc~ hjn mcwvr`r |cr cofn dr n

gcmc àdr!”/

‘Nwv` ä ` `hdòá` p~n i`rnd gcm nhnw( fn|cdw f`p~nhnw

fd`w( fd{ c Wnojcr; \crnd oc wn~ gcr`áçc `w mdoj`w hndw n

wcbrn ` w~` mnovn `w dowgrnynrnd/ \crvòvc( |cr ~m h`fc( wn

rnyca` ` òvnrdcr crfnoòá`( |cr g`~w` fn w~` ir`p~n{` n

do~vdhdf`fn *|cdw ` hnd o~og` `|nrindácc~ gcdw` `ha~m`$( n(

|cr c~vrc h`fc( wn dovrcf~{ nw|nròá` w~|nrdcr( |nh` p~`h ocw

gjna`mcw ` Fn~w” *Jnbrn~w$/

\cr idm( c vnrgndrc g`wc( cofn ` |nwwc` v`mbäm fd{

p~n p~nr wna~dr ` Knw~w( wnm wnr gj`m`f`( n fnmcowvr`



:<

~m` dowòdf`fn `dof` m`dcr p~n ` |rdmndr`; `häm fn oçc vnr

dfäd` fc p~n vnrd` |nh` irnovn gcmc fdwgí|~h`( nh` p~nr p~n c

fdwgd|~h`fc wnk` fn `gcrfc gcm ` w~` ycov`fn( gcm `w w~`w

dm|cwdáþnw( wnm nwv`r fdw|cwv` ` `brdr mçc fn w~` ydf`( w~`

wna~ròá`( w~`w gnrvn{`w( n |`rngn wcoj`r gcm ydànow

m`r`ydhjcw`w( gnrg`f`w fn gcoicrvc( wcb ` v~vnh` fn ~m a~r~

p~n drà |rcydfnogd`r vcf`w `w gcdw`w |`r` c wn~ bnm-nwv`r!

N Knw~w rnkndv` dwvc! Gcm W~` rnw|cwv`( Nhn fd{ p~n

oçc |cfn j`ynr o`f` novrn c gj`m`fc( c |r÷|rdc Knw~w( n `

cbnfdëogd`( |`r` p~n j`k` c fdwgd|~h`fc! Oçc |cfn j`ynr

gcofdáþnw n onm hndw novrn Knw~w n c fdwgí|~hc/ Wn jc~ynr(

fndz` fn wnr fdwgd|~h`fc( |`wwòfc ` wnr ~m |rcar`m` fn

ydf` fn `gcrfc gcm ` ycov`fn j~mò`! ^m` rnhdadcwdf`fn!

Fdwgd|~h`fc ä gcm|rcmdwwc ûodg` n nzgh~wdy`mnovn

gcm Knw~w! @c ‘Wda`-mn” wna~n-wn c ‘hnyòvc~ n C wna~d~”(

wnm |cofnr`áþnw( wnm p~nwvdco`mnovcw( wnm gcofdáþnw/

Fdwgd|~h`fc ä ocydf`fn fn ydf`( h`raòfc-wn c p~n `vä novçc

wn ydyn~! Dwvc oçc ä ~m` `~vcwwòvdidg`áçc( m`w ~m`

m~fòá` fn icgc( fn |rdcrdf`fnw( fn mnv`! Fdwgd|~h`fc ä

g`mdoj`r gcm Knw~w( `|rnofnofc n wnofc fdrngdco`fc |cr

Wn~ Nw|írdvc!



:0

Ycgëw( Fdwgí|~hcw( Wçc c W`h f` Vnrr`

‘N~ hjnw fdac p~n ~m` Darnk`( ì p~`h fdrdad vcf`w nww`w

bnm-`ynov~ròá`w( w÷ |cfn |`rvdr fn ~m` crdanm; ` Gr~{ fc

G`hyàrdc! Ycgëw( fdwgí|~hcw( wçc bnm-`ynov~r`fcw p~òfc(

\CR MDOJ@ G@^W@( cw dok~rd`rnm n |nrwna~drnm n(

mnovdofc( fdwwnrnm vcfc m`h gcovr` ycgëw/ Rnac{dknm-wn n

nz~hvnm( |crp~n ä aròfn c wn~ a`h`rfçc ocw gä~w5 |cdw

`wwdm |nrwna~dr`m `cw |rcinv`w p~n ydynr`m òvnw fn ycgëw/

\CR MDOJ@ G@^W@ ycgëw wçc rnkndv`fcw( m`w c `vdoadfc wc~

N^ MNWMC/ @w dokûrd`w( `w fdi`m`áþnw( `w |nrwna~dáþnw `vä

ì mcrvn( mnwmc p~òfc `|`rnovnmnovn ar`v~dv`w( wçc c

mcvdyc f`w bnm-`ynov~ròá`w n wçc `mcwvr`w fn w~`

gcm~ojçc GCMDAC/

C m~ofc cw cfnd`( |crp~n w~` yc{ j~mdhfn n mòw` ä

~m` `mn`á` `c m~ofc; ycgëw( fdwgí|~hcw( fçc vnwvnm~ojc

f` dok~wvdá` fc m~ofc( p~òfc w~|crv`m ` |cbrn{` n c

wcirdmnovc gcm |`gdëogd` n nm wdhëogdc/ Nop~òvc hjnw fdac

p~n wçc bnm-`ynov~r`fcw( c m~ofc ardv` ‟Icr`( icr`!–( |`r`

ycgëw/ N nwv` ä ` nw|nròá` fn ycgëw; p~n( icr` fc m~ofc( c

p~n cw à~`rf` ä c w`hçc gnhnwvd`h( gcm ~m` aròfn gnd`

|rn|`r`f` |`r` ycgëw |nhc |r÷|rdc Fn~w \`d n Grd`fcr( c p~`h

noz~a`rà vcf`w `w w~`w hàardm`w p~n( o`p~nhn mcmnovc(

wnrçc fn `hnard`/ Hà( w~`w inrdf`w n wn~ m`rvírdc vnrçc wdfc



:2

vròwida~r`fcw |`r` ~m ocyc gcr|c( kà oçc m`dw ynwvdfc gcm

|ng`fc n `rrn|nofdmnovc( m`w gcm ynwvnw bròg`w f`

Ynrf`fndr` K~wvdá`/

Oc novòvc( nop~òvc nwwn fd` oçc gjna`( ycgëw vëm

~m` mdwwçc o` vnrr`; gcownryà-h`! P~òfc c m~ofc cw

rnkndv`( vr`{ fnwvr~dáçc wcbrn wd mnwmc/ M`w( \CR MN^

@MCR @ YCGËW( c m~ofc gcovdo~` nzdwvdofc/ \CR MN^

@MCR @ VCFCW( `dof` fnrr`mc mdoj` mdwnrdg÷rfd`( |crp~n

m~dvcw `dof` ydrçc `vr`yäw fc p~n ycgëw fnmcowvr`m nm

w~`w |r÷|rd`w ydf`w/ N dwvc `gcovngn |crp~n ycgëw wçc c w`h

f` vnrr`! Ycgëw oçc vëm c w`h( onm vëm p~n wnr c w`h! Ycgëw

c wçc |cr w~` gcm~ojçc GCMDAC! Ycgëw oçc wnrçc c w`h f`

vnrr` |cr |rna`rnm ` \`h`yr`( m`w `|rnwnov`rçc ` \`h`yr`fn icrm` ydy` nm wn~ gcvdfdòc( |cr wnrnm c w`h! Ycgëw oçc

vnrçc c w`h |cr fd{nrnm c Mn~ Ocmn( c~ |cr gdv`rnm `w

nwgrdv~r`w gcm |nrindáçc( m`w wçc c w`h p~n |nrmnd` vcf` `

vnrr`( p~n ä ` w~` w~bwvâogd` |rdogd|`h( |crp~n icr`m

`vdoadfcw |cr Mn~ gj`m`fc n wn vcro`r`m Mn~w fdwgí|~hcw!

M`w( |`r` ` vnrr` gcovdo~`r gcownry`f`( c w`h |rngdw`

gcovdo~`r wnofc w`h( |rngdw` mòvnr wn~ |cfnr fn vnm|nr`r(

fn |~rdidg`r n fn gcownry`r/ Nhn |rngdw` wnr dogcrr~|víynh! Wn

nhn wn vcro`r dowí|dfc( oçc |cfnrà wnr rng~|nr`fc/ Vnrà p~n

wnr hòá`fc icr`! \crvòvc( nhn oçc |cfn idg`r a~`rf`fc; vnm



:7

p~n wnr hdyrn! Nhn oçc |cfn idg`r rnwvrdvc ` rdv~`dw fc jcmnm

|`r` c jcmnm( |crp~n nhn ä ` ydof` fn Fn~w |`r` vcfcw cw

jcmnow!

N ycgëw oçc wçc( `|no`w( c |cfnr doydwíynh fc w`h;

ycgëw v`mbäm wçc c brdhjc ydwíynh f` h~{! M`dw ~m` yn{ N~

hjnw fdac; ycgëw oçc vëm p~n wnr h~{( onm vëm ` h~{/ Ycgëw

wçc h~{! W~` rnw|cwv` `c Mn~ gj`m`fc cw in{ h~{! Ycgëw wçc

` gdf`fn nfdidg`f` wcbrn c mcovn/ Oçc jà gcmc nwgcofë-h`!

Hnmbrnm-wn; ycgëw ydnr`m f` Gr~{! N vcfcw( fc m`dw

wdm|hnw `c m`dw i`mcwc( rngcojngnm p~n `hac m~dvc

nzvr`crfdoàrdc `gcovngn o` Gr~{! \`r` nw|òvc fn vcfcw( `

Gr~{ wn vcro` gh`r`mnovn ydwíynh nm vcf` nww` nwg~rdfçc! N

`w bc`w cbr`w fn ycgëw fnynm wnr ydwv`w onww` h~{/ Oçc wçcycgëw p~n wnrçc ydwvcw( m`w `w w~`w bc`w cbr`w! N `w w~`w

cbr`w wçc c mcvdyc fn wnrnm bnm-`ynov~r`fcw; |cbrn{`(

wcirdmnovc( j~mdhf`fn( |`gdëogd`( mòwdfçc( gjcrc |cr

g`~w` f` dok~wvdá`( `mcr ì |`{( rnkndáçc( |nrwna~dáçc!

Vcmnm ` mdoj` Gr~{! Nh` ä ` h~{ p~n brdhj` n cofn w~`w

cbr`w wnrçc ydwv`w( cofn w~` rnoûogd` wnrà `fmdr`f`/ N( `c

ynrnm nww`w bc`w cbr`w( `w |nwwc`w f`rçc ah÷rd`w ` Fn~w!

Oçc wçc ycgëw( oçc ä ` Darnk`( p~n wnrçc ahcrdidg`fcw( m`w c

ocwwc \`d p~n nwvà ocw gä~w! *gin/ M`vn~w > n c~vrcw vnzvcw

bíbhdgcw$/



:6

Odwvc w`bnrçc vcfcw p~n ycgëw wçc Mn~w fdwgí|~hcw; nm

`m`rnm-wn ~ow `cw c~vrcw”/



Rnw|cofnofc `c Gj`m`fc

Ndw-mn `p~d( \`d!!!

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