04 e.t. Estr-Arq. Modulo Aulas

7/21/2019 04 e.t. Estr-Arq. Modulo Aulas

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GOBIERNO REGIONAL DE

MODULOINSTALACIN DEL SERVICIO EDUCATIVO INICIAL ESCOLARIZADO EN LA I.E. N 1107 EN EL ANEXO DE POTRERO,DISTRITO DE SANTO DOMINGO DE ACOBAMBA, PROVINCIA DE HUANCAYO - REGIN UN!N"

ESPECI#ICACIONES T$CNICAS

PROYECTO :INSTALACIN DEL SERVICIO EDUCATIVOINICIAL ESCOLARIZADO EN LA I.E. N 1107 ENEL ANEXO DE POTRERO, DISTRITO DE SANTODOMINGO DE ACOBAMBA, PROVINCIA DEHUANCAYO - REGIN UN!N"

SUB PROYECTO : 1.- INFRAESTRUCTURA / 1.4.- MODULO AULAS

#ECHA : DICIEMBRE - 2014

INTRODUCCION

Las prese!es Espe"#$"a"#%es T&"#"as 'e Es!r("!(ras s% )as *(e re+#r, para e) r%e"!%:INSTALACIN DEL SERICIO EDUCATIO INICIAL ESCOLARIADO EN LA I.E. N3 110 EN EL ANE5ODE OTRERO6 DISTRITO DE SANTO DOMINGO DE ACOBAMBA6 ROINCIA DE 7UANCA8O - REGIN

JUN9N

E) %;pre'e )a"%s!r(""#? 'e )a %;ra6 @as!a *(e'ar a e!era sa!#sa""#? 'e )a ENTIDAD.

E e))as se es!a;)e"e *(e )%s >a!er#a)es "%s(>#;)es a s(>##s!rar ser, 'e pr#>er (s% pr#>era"a)#'a'6 sea)a'% as#>#s>%6 )%s pr%"e'#>#e!%s *(e e "as%s espe"$"%s 'e;e ser se+(#'%s p%r)a C%!ra!#s!a para '#"@a "%s!r(""#?6 'e;#&'%se "e#r a'e>,s 'e )as espe"#$"a"#%es !&"#"asprese!es a )% 'e!er>#a'% e )%s p)a%s /% pres(p(es!%s6 /% a,)#s#s 'e "%s!%s (#!ar#%s.

NORMAS

La "a)#'a' 'e )%s >a!er#a)es6 s( >%'% 'e (!#)#a"#? )as "%'#"#%es 'e e%s!rar )a "%rresp%'e"#a 'e esas %r>as.

RNE Re+)a>e!% Na"#%a) 'e E'#$"a"#%es.

Espe"#$"a"#%es T&"#"as 'e )%s a;r#"a!es 'e >a!er#a)es % a(!%res 'e !e"%)%+a re"#e!ee>p)ea'a e )a %;ra.


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1.- IN#RAESTRUCTURA%

01.0& MODULO AULAS

0&.01 ESTRUCTURAS

-0&-.01.01 TRABAOS PRELIMINARES-0&- .01.01.01 LIMPIEZA DE TERRENO MANUAL

DESCRIPCIN

Es!a par!#'a se re$ere a )a e,s !ra;ap)e!a>e!e )#;re 'e !%'% !#p% 'e >a!er#a)es6 'ese"@%s e #>p(reas *(e#>p#'a %r>a) 'ese=%)=#>#e!% 'e )%s !ra;a% ras!r#))%6 p#"%s6 )a>pas6 "arre!#))as !#p% ;%++#e6 e!".

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA

Es!a par!#'a se >e'#r, e Me!r% C(a'ra'% M2

PROCEDIMIENTO CONSTRUCTIVO

De;er, rea)#arse (a )#>p#ea prepara'% 'e) !erre%6 'ep#'a % sea #"%=e#e!e para e)'esarr%))% 'e )as )a;%res 'e "%s!r(""#?.

C%!r%) 'e E#a'%

Las %r>as '#>es#%es *(e se a;ar"ar, para )a )#>p#ea 'e !erre% )as 'ar, e) Res#'e!ee "%%r>#'a' "% e) S(per=#s%r e ("#? 'e) !erre% e"esar#% para ee"!(ar )as %;ras.

Basa'% e e) C%!r%) 'e E&!r#"%

E) !ra;ae'#'as a'e"(a'as !a!% ep)a!a "%>% e a)!(ra6 )%s >#s>%s *(e per>#!a '%!ar a )%s (s(ar#%s 'e )%s #=e)es 'e"%>%'#'a' "%%r! e"esar#%s para e) >e


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MEDICION Y #ORMA DE PAGO

M'()*)+

Se >e'#r, es!a par!#'a p%r Me!r% C(a'ra'% M26 "%s#'era'% e) )ar+% p%r e) a"@% 'e )apar!#'a ee'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;a% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;apre'e )a ea!e'r, @as!a e) e>p)a!#))a'% 'e )%s >(r%s 'e )a'r#))% "(a "%>pr%;a"#? ser,

per>ae!e.

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA

La >e'#"#? 'e )a par!#'a se rea)#ara "%>% >e!r% "(a'ra'% M2.


MATERIALES

Es!a"as 'e Ma'era

Se (!#)#ar, eH")(s#=a>e!e >a'era a"#%a)6 p('#e'% ser 'e e("a)#p!% % >a'era >%!aa

"%rr#e!e6 per% *(e +ara!#"e )%s !ra;aa!er#a) res#s!e!e para s%p%r!ar )a !es#?

'(ra!e )%s !ra;a


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EJECUCIN

E) !raa'% rep)a!e% 'e epr%;a"#? 'e )%s #=e)es ser, ee"!(a'as p%r

)a E!#'a' 'e a"(er'% a )%s p)a%s 'e) r%e"!%. E) E"ar+a'% 'e )a O;ra para es!e ee"!%

"%)%"ar, ;a)#as % =a))as 'e >a'era para sea)ar )%s e%a "% )%s p)a%s 'e Ar*(#!e"!(ra es!r("!(ras. D#"@as e&!r#"% Ter>#a'%

Las '#s!a"#as )a "%)%"a"#? 'e =a))as 'e;er, ser #'#"a'as p%r e) I+e#er% Res#'e!e e

"%%r>#'a' "% e) I+e#er% S(per=#s%r6 'e;#e'% "%!r%)ar )as '#s!a"#as sea)a'as e )%s

p)a%s para )a "%)%"a"#? 'e )%s epare&!r#"%E) !ra;a


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(e )a 'es=#a"#? 'e )%s e,H#>% 2 >> 'e )%s #=e)es 1 >> para +ara!#ar )as

'#>es#%es $a)es 'e )as %;ras a epesa"#? #!e+ra) para !%'as )as

%pera"#%es 'e !rasp%r!e6 >a!er#a)es6 >a% 'e %;ra6 e*(#p%s6 @erra>#e!as as "%>% %!r%s

+as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;apre'e )as eH"a=a"#%es para )as apa!as "#>#e!%s *(e s% e"esar#as para rea)#ar e)=a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!% *(e ser, e) s#s!e>a 'e s%p%r!e 'e )as es!r("!(ras 'e )a e'#$"a"#?.

Es!a espe"#$"a"#? es ap)#"a;)e a !%'as )as eH"a=a"#%es *(e se rea)#"e para "%%r>ar )as

se""#%es 'e )as apa!as "#>#e!%s6 'e a"(er'% "% )%s a)#ea>#e!%s6 per$)es se""#%essea)a'%s e )%s p)a%s % #'#"a'%s p%r Res#'e!e.

Se rea)#ar, )%s !ra;a% res()!a'% 'e )as "ara"!ers!#"as 'e) s(; s(e)% % p%r "(a)*(#er %!ra "a(sa *(e"%s#'ere e'#r, e Me!r% C(;#"% MK


A**' (' 2345/

C%>pre'e e) s(>##s!r% 'e )a >a% 'e %;ra6 >a!er#a)es e*(#p% para "%%r>ar )asse""#%es 'e )a aes#%es *(e apare"e e )%s p)a%s % *(e %r'ee e) #spe"!%r 'e %;ras6 *(#& '(ra!e e)


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pr%+res% 'e) !ra;a% par!e 'e )%s !ra;aar !%'as )as >e'#'ase"esar#as para pr%!e+er )as s(per$"#es eH"a=a'as "%!ra )as s%"a=a"#%es 'es)#a>#e!%s er%s#? pr%'("#'%s p%r #$)!ra"#%es es"%rre!as s(per$"#a)es.

E) Res#'e!e "%ser=ar, "(#'a'%sa>e!e )%s p(!%s 'e reere"#a 'e )as "%!as s# (era'esp)aa'%s 'es!r(#'%s6 )%s 'e;er, rep%er e s( p%s#"#? eHa"!a.

C/23/ T*)*/

E) "%!r%) !&"#"% ser, =er#$"a'% )%s #=e)es 'e eH"a=a"#? *(e "(>p)a "% )as a)!(raspara re"#;#r e) s%)a'% )(e+% )a apa!a ar>a'a6 as "%>% )as '#>es#%es 'e )ar+% a"@%e"esar#%s.

C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

La pr#"#pa) a"!#=#'a' para e) "%!r%) 'e )%s !ra;a#e!as 'e )%s #>p)e>e!%s respe"!#=%s p%r par!e 'e )%s !ra;aes#%es 'e )as apa!as 'e;e ee"!(arse !%>a'% e "(e!a )as "%s#'era"#%es 'e)p)a% es!r("!(ra)6 >a!e#e'% )as pare'es 'e )a eH"a=a"#? )% >,s =er!#"a) p%s#;)e *(e )as'#>es#%es 'e )ar+% a"@% % eH"e'a e >,s 'e 0. ">6 as >#s>% se 'e;er, !eerespe"#a) "(#'a'% e )a %r>a 'e )a apa!a.

Las "%'#"#%es 'e !er>#a'% 'e )a s(per$"#e 'e;e ser =er#$"a'as =#s(a)>e!e. E) aspe"!%=#s(a) 'e;e >%s!rar )as eH"a=a"#%es para apa!as pare#e!% es a"ep!a;)e6 'e )% "%!rar#%6 )%s eH"es%s ser, 'es"%!a'%s.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/

E) !ra;aes#%es 'e )as eH"a=a"#%es 'a'as e )%s p)a%s "% (a !%)era"#a 'e06 "> e "a'a '#>es#?.

MEDICIN Y #ORMA DE PAGO

M'()*)+

La eH"a=a"#? para apa!as "#>#e!%s6 se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C;#"% MK6"%s#'era'% e) )ar+% p%r e) a"@% p%r )a a)!(ra 'e )a par!#'a ee'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;a


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!%'as )as %pera"#%es 'e !rasp%r!e6 >a!er#a)es6 >a% 'e %;ra6 e*(#p%s @erra>#e!as6 as"%>% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;apre'e )as eH"a=a"#%es para )as =#+as 'e "#>e!a"#? *(e s% e"esar#as para rea)#are) =a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!% *(e ser, e) s#s!e>a 'e s%p%r!e 'e )as es!r("!(ras 'e )a e'#$"a"#?.

Es!a espe"#$"a"#? es ap)#"a;)e a !%'as )as eH"a=a"#%es *(e se rea)#"e para "%%r>ar )asse""#%es 'e )as apa!as "#>#e!%s6 'e a"(er'% "% )%s a)#ea>#e!%s6 per$)es se""#%essea)a'%s e )%s p)a%s % #'#"a'%s p%r Res#'e!e.

Se rea)#ar, )%s !ra;ae!e.

L%s e;#% "%>% res()!a'% 'e )as "ara"!ers!#"as 'e) s(; s(e)% % p%r "(a)*(#er%!ra "a(sa *(e "%s#'ere e'#r, e Me!r% C(;#"% MK


A**' (' 2345/

C%>pre'e e) s(>##s!r% 'e )a >a% 'e %;ra6 >a!er#a)es e*(#p% para "%%r>ar )as

se""#%es 'e )a aes#%es *(e apare"e e )%s p)a%s % *(e %r'ee e) #spe"!%r 'e %;ras6 *(#& '(ra!e e)pr%+res% 'e) !ra;a% par!e 'e )%s !ra;aar !%'as )as >e'#'as

e"esar#as para pr%!e+er )as s(per$"#es eH"a=a'as "%!ra )as s%"a=a"#%es 'es)#a>#e!%s er%s#? pr%'("#'%s p%r #$)!ra"#%es es"%rre!as s(per$"#a)es.


C/23/ T*)*/


C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

La pr#"#pa) a"!#=#'a' para e) "%!r%) 'e )%s !ra;a#e!as 'e )%s #>p)e>e!%s respe"!#=%s p%r par!e 'e )%s !ra;a


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C/23/ G'/823)*/ 9 T'38)(/

Las '#>es#%es 'e )as apa!as 'e;e ee"!(arse !%>a'% e "(e!a )as "%s#'era"#%es 'e)p)a% es!r("!(ra)6 >a!e#e'% )as pare'es 'e )a eH"a=a"#? )% >,s =er!#"a) p%s#;)e *(e )as'#>es#%es 'e )ar+% a"@% % eH"e'a e >,s 'e 0. ">6 as >#s>% se 'e;er, !eerespe"#a) "(#'a'% e )a %r>a 'e )a apa!a.


B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/



M'()*)+

La eH"a=a"#? para apa!as "#>#e!%s6 se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C;#"% MK6"%s#'era'% e) )ar+% p%r e) a"@% p%r )a a)!(ra 'e )a par!#'a ee'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;aa!er#a)es6 >a% 'e %;ra6 e*(#p%s @erra>#e!as6 as"%>% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;apre'e )as eH"a=a"#%es para )as apa!as "#>#e!%s *(e s% e"esar#as para rea)#ar e)=a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!% *(e ser, e) s#s!e>a 'e s%p%r!e 'e )as es!r("!(ras 'e )a e'#$"a"#?.

Es!a espe"#$"a"#? es ap)#"a;)e a !%'as )as eH"a=a"#%es *(e se rea)#"e para "%%r>ar )asse""#%es 'e )as apa!as "#>#e!%s6 'e a"(er'% "% )%s a)#ea>#e!%s6 per$)es se""#%essea)a'%s e )%s p)a%s % #'#"a'%s p%r Res#'e!e.

Se rea)#ar, )%s !ra;a% res()!a'% 'e )as "ara"!ers!#"as 'e) s(; s(e)% % p%r "(a)*(#er %!ra "a(sa *(e"%s#'ere e'#r, e Me!r% C(;#"% MK


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A**' (' 2345/

C%>pre'e e) s(>##s!r% 'e )a >a% 'e %;ra6 >a!er#a)es e*(#p% para "%%r>ar )asse""#%es 'e )a aes#%es *(e apare"e e )%s p)a%s % *(e %r'ee e) #spe"!%r 'e %;ras6 *(#& '(ra!e e)pr%+res% 'e) !ra;a% par!e 'e )%s !ra;aar !%'as )as >e'#'ase"esar#as para pr%!e+er )as s(per$"#es eH"a=a'as "%!ra )as s%"a=a"#%es 'es)#a>#e!%s er%s#? pr%'("#'%s p%r #$)!ra"#%es es"%rre!as s(per$"#a)es.


C/23/ T*)*/


C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

La pr#"#pa) a"!#=#'a' para e) "%!r%) 'e )%s !ra;a#e!as 'e )%s #>p)e>e!%s respe"!#=%s p%r par!e 'e )%s !ra;aes#%es 'e )as apa!as 'e;e ee"!(arse !%>a'% e "(e!a )as "%s#'era"#%es 'e)p)a% es!r("!(ra)6 >a!e#e'% )as pare'es 'e )a eH"a=a"#? )% >,s =er!#"a) p%s#;)e *(e )as'#>es#%es 'e )ar+% a"@% % eH"e'a e >,s 'e 0. ">6 as >#s>% se 'e;er, !eerespe"#a) "(#'a'% e )a %r>a 'e )a apa!a.


B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/



M'()*)+


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La eH"a=a"#? para apa!as "#>#e!%s6 se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C;#"% MK6"%s#'era'% e) )ar+% p%r e) a"@% p%r )a a)!(ra 'e )a par!#'a ee'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;aa!er#a)es6 >a% 'e %;ra6 e*(#p%s @erra>#e!as6 as"%>% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;apre'e )%s re))e%s "% >a!er#a) 'e pr%p#% se)e""#%a'% e )%s "%s!a'%s p%r e"#>a 'e

)as apa!as6 'e )%s "#>#e!%s re))e%s )a!era)es 'e )as es!r("!(ras6 'esp(&s 'e )a"%s!r(""#? 'e es!%s @as!a e) #=e) 'e) p#s% !er>#a'%. A'e>,s 'e )%s re))e%s para p%'er#=e)ar )%s !erre%s e 'e")#=e "% >a!er#a) pr%=e#e!e 'e )a eH"a=a"#? 'e) >a!er#a).

Es!%s re))e%s se rea)#a "% e) !ras)a'% 'e >a!er#a) pr%=e#e!e 'e )a eH"a=a"#? *(e serea)#? 'e >a!er#a) se)e""#%a'% para p%'er a)"aar "#er!%s #=e)es "%s#'era'%s e )%sp)a%s 'e) pr%e"!%.

Se ee"!(ar, )%s re))e%s *(e sea e"esar#%s para %;!eer )a p)a!a%r>a !er>#a'a e "a'a)(+ar "(a'% )% 'e!er>#e )%s p)a%s.

T%'% >a!er#a) eH"e'e!e 'e )as eH"a=a"#%es *(e % @(;#era s#'% e>p)ea'% as "%>% e)'es>%!e res()!a!e 'e )as %;ras >#s>as6 'e;er, ser re!#ra'%s 'e )a %;ra6 'epa"!a'%r >a(a) !#p% p)a"@a6 e!"..

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA

Es!a par!#'a se >e'#r, e Me!r% C(;#"% MK


Es!%s re))e%s se rea)#a "% e) !ras)a'% 'e >a!er#a) 'e re))e% se)e""#%a'% pr%=e#e!e 'e%!ras eH"a=a"#%es se)e""#%a'as p%'er a)"aar "#er!%s #=e)es "%s#'era'%s e )%s p)a%s

'e) pr%e"!%. C%s#s!e e re))ear "% >a!er#a) +ra()ar se)e""#%a'% )as s%"a=a"#%es 'e")#=es 'e) !erre% ap#s%ar)% >a(a)>e!e @as!a %;!eer (a s(per$"#e "%>pa"!a'a'%'e se p%'r, ea !er>#a'a e "a'a)(+ar "(a'% )% 'e!er>#e )%s p)a%s.

T%'% >a!er#a) eH"e'e!e 'e )as eH"a=a"#%es *(e % @(;#era s#'% e>p)ea'% as "%>% e)'es>%!e res()!a!e 'e )as %;ras >#s>as6 'e;er, ser re!#ra'%s 'e )a %;ra6 'epre "(a'%"(>p)a "% )as #'#"a"#%es 'a'as p%r e) Res#'e!e 'e O;ra /% S(per=#s%r.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+


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S#e>pre *(e )a '#sp%s#"#? 'e >a!er#a)es @aa s#'% e$"#e!e e) +ra'% 'e "%>pa"!a"#? seaapr%p#a'a.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/

Basa'% e e) #=e) a)"aa'%.


M'()*)+

EL re))e% "% >a!er#a) pr%p#% se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C;#"% MK6 "%s#'era'% e))ar+% p%r ,rea 'e )a se""#? 'e )a par!#'a ee'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;a#e!as6 as"%>% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;apre'e )%s re))e%s "% >a!er#a) 'e pr%p#% se)e""#%a'% e )%s "%s!a'%s p%r e"#>a 'e)as apa!as6 'e )%s "#>#e!%s re))e%s )a!era)es 'e )as es!r("!(ras6 'esp(&s 'e )a"%s!r(""#? 'e es!%s @as!a e) #=e) 'e) p#s% !er>#a'%. A'e>,s 'e )%s re))e%s para p%'er#=e)ar )%s !erre%s e 'e")#=e "% >a!er#a) pr%=e#e!e 'e )a eH"a=a"#? 'e) >a!er#a).

Es!%s re))e%s se rea)#a "% e) !ras)a'% 'e >a!er#a) pr%=e#e!e 'e )a eH"a=a"#? *(e serea)#? 'e >a!er#a) se)e""#%a'% para p%'er a)"aar "#er!%s #=e)es "%s#'era'%s e )%s

p)a%s 'e) pr%e"!%.

Se ee"!(ar, )%s re))e%s *(e sea e"esar#%s para %;!eer )a p)a!a%r>a !er>#a'a e "a'a)(+ar "(a'% )% 'e!er>#e )%s p)a%s.

T%'% >a!er#a) eH"e'e!e 'e )as eH"a=a"#%es *(e % @(;#era s#'% e>p)ea'% as "%>% e)'es>%!e res()!a!e 'e )as %;ras >#s>as6 'e;er, ser re!#ra'%s 'e )a %;ra6 'epa"!a'%r >a(a) !#p% p)a"@a6 e!"..

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA



Es!%s re))e%s se rea)#a "% e) !ras)a'% 'e >a!er#a) 'e re))e% se)e""#%a'% pr%=e#e!e 'e%!ras eH"a=a"#%es se)e""#%a'as p%'er a)"aar "#er!%s #=e)es "%s#'era'%s e )%s p)a%s'e) pr%e"!%. C%s#s!e e re))ear "% >a!er#a) +ra()ar se)e""#%a'% )as s%"a=a"#%es 'e")#=es 'e) !erre% ap#s%ar)% >a(a)>e!e @as!a %;!eer (a s(per$"#e "%>pa"!a'a'%'e se p%'r, ea !er>#a'a e "a'a)(+ar "(a'% )% 'e!er>#e )%s p)a%s.


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T%'% >a!er#a) eH"e'e!e 'e )as eH"a=a"#%es *(e % @(;#era s#'% e>p)ea'% as "%>% e)'es>%!e res()!a!e 'e )as %;ras >#s>as6 'e;er, ser re!#ra'%s 'e )a %;ra6 'epre "(a'%"(>p)a "% )as #'#"a"#%es 'a'as p%r e) Res#'e!e 'e O;ra /% S(per=#s%r.B:(/ ' ' C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+S#e>pre *(e )a '#sp%s#"#? 'e >a!er#a)es @aa s#'% e$"#e!e e) +ra'% 'e "%>pa"!a"#? seaapr%p#a'a.B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/Basa'% e e) #=e) a)"aa'%.


M'()*)+

EL re))e% "% >a!er#a) pr%p#% se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C;#"% MK6 "%s#'era'% e)

)ar+% p%r ,rea 'e )a se""#? 'e )a par!#'a ee'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;a#e!as6 as"%>% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;aa!er#a) 'e ;ase s%;re (a

rasa!e apr%;a'a para p#s%s 'e @a;#!a"#%es #!er#%res6 "%%r>e "% )as '#>es#%es6

a)#ea>#e!%s pe'#e!es *(e re*(#era e) pr%e"!%. Es!e !ra!a>#e!% es pre=#% a )a "apa 'e

a$r>a'% *(e se #'#"a e )as par!#'as 'e ar*(#!e"!(ra.

C3*2'3>:2)*: (' 82'3).

E) >a!er#a) ser, reere!e>e!e 'e) !#p% +ra()ar. Las p#e'ras >a%res 'e 1 'e;er, 'e

ser 'ese"@a'as

UNIDAD DE MEDIDAEs!a par!#'a se >e'#r, e Me!r% C(a'ra'% M2


C//**)+ 9 '?2'()(/%

Se eH!e'er, e) >a!er#a)6 >e")ar, re+ar, e !%'a )a pr%('#'a' 'e )a "apa 'e !a) >%'%

*(e %r>e (a "apa s(e)!a (#%r>e6 )a "(a) ser, per$)a'a @as!a %;!eer se""#%es

s#>#)ares 'e ( espes%r )#+era>e!e >a%r a) *(e sea)a )%s p)a%s.

C/8@*2*)+%

A) >%>e!% 'e !er>#a'a )a '#s!r#;("#? e) e>pare#e!% 'e) >a!er#a)6 "a'a "apa 'e

0.20> 'e espes%r % 0.10 e "as% 'e p#s%s 'e a>;#e!es #!er#%res6 'e;er, "%>pa"!arse6 "%


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e) "%!e#'% ?p!#>% 'e @(>e'a' e s( a"@% !%!a) para a)"aar "%>% >#>% e) 0 'e )a

'es#'a' >,H#>a 'e!er>#a e e) )a;%ra!%r#% e) Esa% ASTM D - 1.

C/23/':%

L(e+% 'e "%>p)e!ar )a >e")a per$)a'% 'e )a "apa s(;rasa!e6 se pr%"e'er, a) >(es!re%)%s >a!er#a)es para ee"!(ar )%s "%!r%)es +ra()%>&!r#"%s 'e C:B.R.6 )%s *(e

"%s!a!e>e!e se rea)#ar, se+ )% '#sp%+a e) S(per=#s%r.

L%s esa%s 'e 'es#'a' - @(>e'a' >&!%'% ASTM D-1 'e;er, ser ee"!(a'%s '(ra!e

e) pr%+res% 'e )a %pera"#? ee"!(a'% ( esa% "a'a 200 >2 'e s(per$"#e "%>pa"!a'a6 e

p(!%s '#sp(es!%s e !res;%)#))%.

E) espes%r 'e ;ase % 'e;e '#ere"#arse e >,s 'e 20>> 'e a*(e) #'#"a'% e )%s p)a%s6

e ,reas a#s)a'as. I>e'#a!a>e!e 'esp(&s 'e "%")(#'a )a "%>pa"!a"#? e) espes%r 'e )a

;ase 'e;er, ser >e'#'% )%s espes%res se (!#)#ar, per%ra"#%es ( %!r%s >&!%'%s apr%;a'%s.

La %a *(e % se a%=#e'% % a+re+a'% >a!er#a)

se+ sea e"esar#%6 re"%%r>a'% "%>pa"!a'% )(e+% '#"@a %a e )a %r>a

espe"#$"a'a. E) "%!ra!#s!a e#ar )%s

espes%res ;ap)e =#s!a )%s >a!er#a)es "%!e+a !#erra (

>a!er#a) %r+,#"%.

La "apa !er>#a'a 'e;e prese!ar (a s(per$"#e (#%r>e a2 se >e'#r, )a s(per$"#e e s#!#%6 a!es 'e

"%>pa"!ar.

P/

La "a!#'a' 'e!er>#a'a se+ )a (#'a' 'e >e'#"#?6 ser, pa+a'a a) pre"#% (#!ar#% 'e)

"%!ra!%6 '#"@% pa+% "%s!#!(#r, "%>pesa"#? !%!a) p%r e) "%s!% 'e >a!er#a)6 e*(#p%6 >a% 'e

%;ra e #>pre=#s!%s e"esar#%s para "%>p)e!ar )a par!#'a.

-0&-.01.0.0& ELIMINACION DE MATERIAL EXCEDENTE

-0&-.01.0.0&.01 ACARREO INTERNO DE MATERIAL D0 M-0&-.01.0.0&.0 ELIMINACION DE MATERIAL EXCEDENTE CON MA=UINARIA HASTAD M

DESCRIPCIN

Es!a par!#'a se re$ere a )a e)#>#a"#? 'e) >a!er#a) pr%=e#e!e 'e )as eH"a=a"#%es 'eaas#=as *(e *(e'e "%>% eH"e'e!e *(e 'e;e ser re!#ra'%s 'e )a %;ra6 'e )%s)(+ares 'e a"%p#%.

E) >a!er#a) eH"e'e!e pr%=e#e!e 'e )as eH"a=a"#%es 'e )as ae'#a!e "ar+(% >a(a)@a"#a e) =%)*(e!e 'e P >K "%>% >#>%6 p('#e'% =ar#ar es!e 'e a"(er'% a )a rea)#'a' 'e )a%a6 per% s# *(e per#e!% pr%+ra>a'%. E) =%)*(e!e se e"ar+ar 'ee)#>#ar e) 'es>%!e e )as %as a(!%r#a'as p%r )a >(#"#pa)#'a' "%rresp%'#e!e.


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E) e*(#p% ;,s#"% para )a eK "%>% >#>%6 as"%>% pa)as6 p#"%s6 e!"..

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA



E) >a!er#a) eH"e'e!e 'e;er, ser "ar+a'% a) =%)*(e!e 'e %r>a >a(a) "% pa)as "% (a"(a'r#))a 'e 4 pe%es6 (a =e ))e% ser, !ras)a'a'% a )%s ;%!a'er%s a(!%r#a'%s p%r )a>(#"#pa)#'a'6 a $ 'e *(e % '#$"()!e )as )a;%res p%s!er#%res 'e )a %;ra.

C/23/ T*)*/

Se >e'#r, e) =%)(>e !rasp%r!a'% @a"#e'% (a >e'#"#? 'e) ,rea e>p)aa'a p%r )a a)!(ra'e )%s 'es>%!es para "a)"()ar e) =%)(>e e)#>#a'%.

C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

Se ;(s"ar, e) )(+ar 'e 'ep?s#!% 'e es!e >a!er#a) eH"e'e!e se pr%"e'er, a !raar )a r(!a

>,s a'e"(a'a para e=#!ar )%s a""#'e!es.B:(/ ' ' C/23/ T*)*/

C(a'% se !e+a e) =%)(>e !%!a) 'e e)#>#a"#?.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

S#e>pre *(e se @aa "(>p)#'% "% )as "ara"!ers!#"as 'e ea!er#a) eH"e'e!e se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C;#"% MK6"%s#'era'% e) )ar+% p%r e) a"@% p%r )a a)!(ra 'e) >a!er#a) a e)#>#ar6 % s(>a'% p%r par!es

'e )a >#s>a para 'ar ( !%!a).P/

E) pa+% se @a"e p%r )a >e'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;aa*(#ar#a6 e*(#p%s @erra>#e!as6 as "%>% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;ae!%s 'e "%"re!% "#")?pe% *(e "%s!#!(e )a;ase 'e ('a"#? 'e )%s >(r%s *(e s#r=e para !ras>#!#r a) !erre% e) pes% pr%p#% 'e )%s>#s>%s )a "ar+a 'e )a es!r("!(ra *(e s%p%r!a.

%r )% +eera) s( =a"#a'% es "%!#(% e +ra'es !ra>%s6 es p%r es!a s#!(a"#? s( %>;re'e "#>#e!%s "%rr#'%s.

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA

E) !ra;a


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L)e=ar, "#>#e!%s "%rr#'%s e )%s >(r%s +ra'as *(e se ap%a s%;re e) !erre%. Ser, 'e"%"re!% "#")?pe%6 "e>e!%-@%r>#+? >e")a'%s e pr%p%r"#? 1:10 Q K0 :G:6 e) ;a!#'%'e es!%s >a!er#a)es se @ar, e"esar#a>e!e (!#)#a'% >e")a'%ras >e",#"as 'e;#e'%ee"!(arse es!a %pera"#? "%>% >#>% '(ra!e 1 >#(!% p%r "a'a "ar+a.

ara )a prepara"#? 'e) "%"re!% s%)% p%'r, e>p)earse a+(a p%!a;)e % a+(a )#>p#a 'e ;(ea"a)#'a'6 )#;re 'e >a!er#a) %r+,#"% %!ras #>p(reas *(e p(e'a 'aar e) "%"re!%

Se a+re+ar, p#e'ra 'e r%6 )#>p#a "% ( =%)(>e *(e % eH"e'a e) K0 "% ( !a>a%>,H#>% 'e 1 "> 'e '#,>e!r%.

E) "%"re!% p%'r, "%)%"arse '#re"!a>e!e e )as eH"a=a"#%es s# e"%ra'%6 "(a'% %eH#s!a p%s#;#)#'a'es 'e 'err(>;e6 se @(>e'e"er, )as a 'e espes%r. T%'as )as p#e'ras 'e;er, *(e'ar "%>p)e!a>e!e r%'ea'as p%r )a>e")a s# *(e se !%*(e s(s eH!re>%s.

MEDICION Y #ORMA DE P AGO

E) !ra;a#e!as 'e>,s "%"ep!%s e"esar#%s para "%>p)e!ar es!a par!#'a.

-0&-.01.0;.0 SOLADO

-0&-.01.0;.0.01 SOLADO DE ZAPATAS 1%1, E10CMDESCRIPCINDESCRIPCION

L%s s%)a'%s para apa!as ser, %;!e#'a 'e) "%"re!% "#")?pe%6 >e")a 1:12 Ce>e!% -7%r>#+?6 '%s#$"a'% e %r>a !a) *(e a)"a"e a )%s =e#!#%"@% 'as 2P (a res#s!e"#a>#>a a )a "%>pres#? 'e 140 +/">2 e pr%;e!as %r>a)es 'e H12.L%s s%)a'%s s% e)e>e!%s *(e "(>p)e )a ("#? 'e #=e)ar e) p#s% 'e ('a"#? 'e 'ar)e

>e% 'e +ara!#ar *(e )as ar>a'(ras*(e'e !%!a)>e!e #=e)a'as espa"#a'as 'e )a ;ase para re"#;#r e) "%"re!% 'e$#!#=%.

A3'(/ G36':/ H/38)+F

E) @%r>#+? ser, ( >a!er#a) 'e r% % 'e "a!eras "%>p(es!% 'e par!"()as (er!es '(ras )#>p#as. Es!ar, )#;res 'e "a!#'a'es per%sas6 ,"#'%s6 >a!er#as %r+,#"as ( %!ras s(s!a"#as pere e!re )as >a))as N%. 100 "%>% >#>% 2 "%>%>,H#>%.

E) @%r>#+? ser, s%>e!#'% a (a pr(e;a 'e "%!r%) se>aa) e )a *(e se =er#$"ar, )aeH#s!e"#a 'e (a "(r=a 'e +ra()%>e!ra (#%r>e e!re )as >a))as a!es #'#"a'as. L%s!es!#+%s para es!as pr(e;as ser, !%>a'%s e e) p(!% 'e >e")a'% 'e) "%"re!%.

L%s a+re+a'%s +r(es%s 'e;e es!ar e "%'#"#%es +eera)es *(e se prese!a a"%!#(a"#?:

1 L%s ra+>e!%s 'e;e ser '(r%s6 )#>p#%s6 '(ra;)es6 )#;res 'e eH"es%s 'e par!"()as )a>#ares6a)ar+a'as % r,+#)es.


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2 rese!ar6 "(a'% s% s%>e!#'%s a pr(e;as 'e '(ra;#)#'a'6 =a)%res #+(a)es % #er#%res a) 1.

C'8'2/

Se e>p)ear, Ce>e!% %r!)a' T#p% I 'e preere"#a ANDINO. E) "e>e!% (sa'% "(>p)#r, "%)as N%r>as ASTM C - 10 )%s re*(#s#!%s 'e )as Espe"#$"a"#%es ITINTEC per!#e!es.

Se per>#!#r, e) (s% 'e "e>e!% a +rae)6 s#e>pre "(a'% sea 'e) !#p% I s(a)>a"ea>#e!% sea e) apr%p#a'% para *(e % se pr%'("a "a>;#%s e s( "%>p%s#"#? e s(s "ara"!ers!#"as s#"as6 e) "e>e!% a (sarse % 'e;er, !eer +r(>%s6 p%r )% *(e'e;er, pr%!e+erse a'e"(a'a>e!e. N% 'e;e !eer >,s 'e '%s >eses 'e a!#+e'a' a)>%>e!% 'e )a a'*(#s#"#? 'e;e es!ar pr%!e+#'% 'e) r%6 )a @(>e'a' )a ))(=#a.

A6

De;er, ser )#>p#a )#;re 'e s(s!a"#as pere'#a!e pr(e;as pre=#as a s( (s% se es!a;)e"a *(e

)as pr%;e!as ";#"as 'e >%r!er% prepara'as "% '#"@a a+(a6 "e>e!% area %r>a)6 !e+ap%r )% >e%s e) 0 'e )a res#s!e"#a a )%s 2P 'as.

Se p%'r, (sar a+(a 'e p%% s#e>pre "(a'% "(>p)a "% )as "%'#"#%es a!es>e"#%a'as *(e % sea '(ra % "% s()a!%s.

E) e*(#p% ;,s#"% para )a epa!#;)es "% )a +ra()%>e!ra pr%'(""#? 'esea'a.2 M,*(#as >e")a'%ras.K D#s!r#;(#'%r 'e a+re+a'%4 #;ra'%res 'e "%"re!%. E*(#p% @erra>#e!as >e%res pa)as6 p#"%s6 "arre!#))as !#p% ;%++#e6 e!".

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA



L%s !ra;a#(!% p%r "ar+a.

S?)% p%'r, e>p)earse a+(a p%!a;)e % a+(a )#>p#a 'e ;(ea "a)#'a'6 )#;re 'e #>p(rea *(ep(e'a 'aar e) "%"re!% se @(>e'e"er, )as a. 'e espes%r.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ T*)*/

L%s !ra;a


17/143



(e )a +ra()%>e!ra 'e )%s >a!er#a)es se e"(e!re 'e!r% 'e )as espe"#$"a"#%es #'#"a'ase )as !a;)as 'e$#'as para es!e !#p% 'e "%!r%).

(e e) a+(a )#>p#a 'e ;(ea "a)#'a'6 )#;re 'e #>p(rea *(e p(e'a 'aar e) "%"re!%.

(e e) Ce>e!% sea ?r!)a' 'e) T#p% I6 res"% )#;re 'e +r(>%s.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

L%s !ra;aa!er#a) *(e se (!#)#"e6 'e;e prese!ar ( aspe"!% sa% @%>%+&e%6 e=#!a'% e) (s% 'e s#!#%sa)!era'%s % 'e aspe"!% '('%s%. E "as% 'e '('a6 e) s#!#% 'e;e (!#)#arse 'esp(&s 'e )aspr(e;as e) >a!er#a) 'e;e pasar )%s re*(#s#!%s espe"#$"a'%s 'e 'es+as!e L%s W+e)es '(ra;#)#'a'.

2 L%s s#!#%s 'e a)>a"ea>#e!% 'e >a!er#a)es 'e;e prese!ar "%'#"#%es *(e e=#!e )a"%!a>#a"#? 'e) >a!er#a) !eer separa"#%es ;#e 'e$#'as para e) a)>a"eae")a 'e >a!er#a)es

K La %pera"#? 'e "ar+a 'e;e @a"erse !%>a'% e "(e!a )%s >%=#>#e!%s a'e"(a'%s para e=#!ar*(e )%s >a!er#a)es se 'ae. ara *(e es!% % %"(rra 'e;e e=#!arse )%s s#!#%s *(e see"(e!re "%!a>#a'%s @>e'%s.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/

E) !ra;ae!%-@%r>#+? 'e ( espes%r 'e 2 'e a"(er'% "% )as '#>es#%es espe"#$"a'as e

)%s p)a%s 'e %;ra.

C(a'% se @aa %;!e#'% )%s esa%s6 *(e ser, 'e !res p%r "a'a 100 >K6 'e s%)a'%s see% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;a


18/143



"e>e!% - area p#e'ra prepara'%s e (a >e")a'%ra >e",#"a

C'8'2/

E) "e>e!% a (sar para "#>#e!%s ser, %r!)a' !#p% I % %r>a) 'e a"(er'% a )a ")as#$"a"#?(sa'a6 %r>a)>e!e es!e "e>e!% se eHpe'e e ;%)sas 'e 42. X+ % 4 )#;ras p%r ;%)sa. E)

pes% 'e) "e>e!% e ;%)sas % 'e;e !eer (a =ar#a"#? 'e >,s 'e) 1 'e) pes% #'#"a'%.

E) S(per=#s%r "%!r%)ar, )a !%>a 'e >(es!ras "%rresp%'#e!es 'e a"(er'% a )as %r>asASTM-C-106 para ase+(rarse s( ;(ea "a)#'a' s( e=% a )a;%ra!%r#%s espe"#a)#a'%s para)a rea)#a"#? 'e )as pr(e;as s#"as #'#"a'as e '#"@as %r>as e %r>a per#?'#"a. E!&r>#%s +eera)es e) "e>e!% % 'e;e !eer +r(>%s6 p%r )% *(e 'e;er, pr%!e+erse'e;#'a>e!e.

A6

E) a+(a *(e se e>p)ear, e )a >e")a para e) "%"re!% 'e "#>#e!%s6 ser, res"a6 )#>p#a p%!a;)e6 )#;re 'e s(s!a"#as pere"#%a'as *(e % sea '(ra % "%s()a!%s.

Se p%'r, (sar a+(a % p%!a;)e s#e>pre *(e )as pr%;e!as ";#"as 'e >%r!er% prepara'as "%'#"@a a+(a6 "e>e!% area !e+a p%r )% >e%s 0 'e )a res#s!e"#a a )%s 2P 'as 'e)as pr%;e!as 'e >%r!er% prepara'as "% a+(a p%!a;)e "(ra'as e )as >#s>as "%'#"#%es esaa'a 'e a"(er'% a )as %r>as ASTM-C-10.

A3'(/:

L%s a+re+a'%s *(e se (sar, s%: e) a+re+a'% $% % #er!e area +r(esa e) a+re+a'%

+r(es% p#e'ra par!#'a. A>;%s !#p%s 'e;e "%s#'erarse "%>% #+re'#e!es separa'%s 'e)"%"re!%.

L%s a+re+a'%s para e) "%"re!% 'e;er, es!ar 'e a"(er'% "% )as espe"#$"a"#%es paraa+re+a'%s 'e )a ASTM-C-KK6 p(e'e (sarse a+re+a'%s *(e % "(>p)a "% es!asespe"#$"a"#%es6 per% *(e @aa 'e>%s!ra'% p%r >e'#% 'e )as pr,"!#"as % 'e esa%sespe"#a)es6 *(e pr%'("e "%"re!% 'e res#s!e"#a '(ra;#)#'a' a'e"(a'%s6 s#e>pre *(e e)S(per=#s%r a(!%r#"e s( (s%6 pre=#% es!('#% 'e )%s '#se%s 'e >e")a6 )%s "(a)es 'e;er, es!ara"%>paa'%s p%r )%s "er!#$"a'%s %!%r+a'%s p%r a)+ )a;%ra!%r#% espe"#a)#a'%.

ARENA.- De;e "(>p)#r )%s s#+(#e!es re*(#s#!%s:

Ser, )#>p#a6 'e +ra% r(+%s% res#s!e!e. N% "%!e'r, ( p%r"e!a#a'% >e'#a!e e) )a=a'% "%rresp%'#e!e.

E) p%r"e!ae!e !ra;aa!er#a %r+,#"a 'e )a area se "%!r%)ar, p%r e) >&!%'% 'e ASTM-C-40 e) >a!er#a) >,s$% *(e pase e) !a># N%. 200 p%r e) >&!%'% ASTM-C-1.

IEDRA C7ANCADA.- E) a+re+a'% +r(es% p(e'e ser p#e'ra par!#'a % +ra=a )#>p#a )#;re 'e


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par!"()as 'e ar"#))a p),s!#"a e s( s(per$"#e pr%=e#e!e 'e r%"as *(e % se e"(e!ra epr%"es% 'e 'es"%>p%s#"#?.

E) Res#'e!e6 !%>ar, )as "%rresp%'#e!es >(es!ras para s%>e!er a )%s a+re+a'%s a )%sesa%s "%rresp%'#e!es 'e '(ra;#)#'a' a!e e) s()a!% 'e s%'#%6 s()a!% 'e >a+es#% esa% 'e A;ras#? 'e a"(er'% a )as %r>as ASTM-C-KK.

E) !a>a% >,H#>% ser, 'e K/4 para e) "%"re!%6 se p%'r, '#s>#(#r e) !a>a% 'e) a+re+a'%s#e>pre *(e se %;!e+a (a ;(ea !ra;ap %ase!a>#e!% re*(er#'% *(e )a res#s!e"#a 'e) "%"re!% *(e se %;!e+a sea )a #'#"a'a e)%s p)a%s.

A()2)/:.

Se p%'r, (!#)#ar a'#!#=%s *(e "(>p)a "% )as espe"#$"a"#%es 'e )a N%r>a ITINTEC KK.0Ppara >%'#$"ar )as pr%p#e'a'es 'e) "%"re!% e !a) %r>a *(e )% @a+a >,s a'e"(a'% para)as "%'#"#%es 'e !ra;a#e!%s pre=#a>e!e e"%ra'%s"% >a'era. Las '#>es#%es 'e) s%;re"#>#e!% ser, 'e a"(er'% a )% #'#"a'% e )%s p)a%s'e es!r("!(ra.

N%r>a)>e!e e) s%;re"#>#e!% !e'r, K0 "> "%>% >#>% 'e a)!% per% e "as%s espe"#a)es)a a)!(ra ser, =ar#a;)e6 se+ #'#*(e )%s p)a%s a "(r=as 'e #=e) 'e #=e)es 'e !#p%!er>#a'%.

C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

Se "%!r%)ar, )a a'e"(a'a '%s#$"a"#? 'e) "%"re!% as "%>% e) !ras)a'% 'e) "%"re!% @as!a e))(+ar '%'e se 'ep%s#!ar, e )%s s%;re"#>#e!%s. Se !e'r, espe"#a) "(#'a'% 'e *(e )asp#e'ras es!, )#>p#as *(e e) "%"re!% !e+a )a "%s#s!e"#a a'e"(a'a.

C/23/ G'/823)*/ 9 T'38)(/

Las '#>es#%es 'e )%s s%;re"#>#e!%s 'e;e !a) "%>% se p)a!ea e )%s p)a%s 'e %;ra %"%>% )% @aa '#sea'% e) res#'e!e /% s(per=#s%r e %;ra6 % se per>#!#r, 'eYeH#%es 'e)e"%ra'% para +ara!#ar )a '#>es#? a'e"(a'a.

T'38)(/

Las "%'#"#%es 'e !er>#a'% 'e )a s(per$"#e 'e;e ser =er#$"a'as =#s(a)>e!e. E) aspe"!%=#s(a) 'e;e >%s!rar )%s s%;re"#>#e!%s parea!er#a)es se e"(e!re 'e!r% 'e )as espe"#$"a"#%es #'#"a'ase )as !a;)as "e )%s #"#s%s 4 'e es!as espe"#$"a"#%es.


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(e e) a+(a )#>p#a 'e ;(ea "a)#'a'6 )#;re 'e #>p(rea *(e p(e'a 'aar e) "%"re!%.

(e e) Ce>e!% sea ?r!)a' 'e) T#p% I6 res"% )#;re 'e +r(>%s.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

L%s !ra;aa!er#a) *(e se (!#)#"e6 'e;e prese!ar ( aspe"!% sa% @%>%+&e%6 e=#!a'% e) (s% 'e s#!#%s a)!era'%s % 'e aspe"!% '('%s%. E "as% 'e '('a6 e)s#!#% 'e;e (!#)#arse 'esp(&s 'e )as pr(e;as e) >a!er#a) 'e;e pasar )%s re*(#s#!%sespe"#$"a'%s 'e 'es+as!e L%s W+e)es '(ra;#)#'a'.

L%s s#!#%s 'e a)>a"ea>#e!% 'e >a!er#a)es 'e;e prese!ar "%'#"#%es *(e e=#!e )a"%!a>#a"#? 'e) >a!er#a) !eer separa"#%es ;#e 'e$#'as para e) a)>a"eae")a 'e >a!er#a)es

La %pera"#? 'e "ar+a 'e;e @a"erse !%>a'% e "(e!a )%s >%=#>#e!%s a'e"(a'%s para

e=#!ar *(e )%s >a!er#a)es se 'ae. ara *(e es!% % %"(rra 'e;e e=#!arse )%s s#!#%s *(e see"(e!re "%!a>#a'%s @>e'%s.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/

E) !ra;ae >(es!ras 'e) "%"re!% 'e a"(er'% a )as N%r>as ASTMC-12 para sers%>e!#'as a )a pr(e;a 'e "%>pres#? 'e a"(er'% a )a N%r>a ASTMC-K.

E) >er% 'e esa%s ser, 'e !res p%r "a'a 100 >K6 'e s%;re"#>#e!% se ea'% p%r par!es 'e )a >#s>apara 'ar ( !%!a).

P/

E) pa+% se @a"e p%r )a >e'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;a#e!as6 as"%>% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;aa a )a>asa 'e "%"re!% e s( e!apa 'e e'(re"#>#e!%6 'ar, %r>a a) s%;re"#>#e!% *(e per>#!#r,pr%!e+er )a par!e #er#%r 'e) >(r% 'e )a @(>e'a' 'e %!r%s a+e!es a $ 'e e=#!ar s(pr%!% 'e!er#%r%.

L%s !ra;a(r%s 'e)pr#>er #=e)6 s#e'% s(s '#>es#%es )as #'#"a'as e )%s p)a%s "%rresp%'#e!es.


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M('3 @3 '*/J3(/.

Se (!#)#ar, eH")(s#=a>e!e >a'era para e"%ra'% a"#%a) % s#>#)ar6 >a'era 'e pr#>era"a)#'a'6 se"a6 !ra!a'a @a;#)#!a'a6 'ere"@a s# ('%s % s(e)!%s6 raa'era e>p)ea'a 'e;er, es!ar "%>p)e!a>e!e se"a6 pr%!e+#'a 'e) s%) 'e )a ))(=#a!%'% e) !#e>p% *(e sea e"esar#%.

T%'%s )%s e)e>e!%s se "e#r, eHa"!a>e!e a )%s "%r!es6 'e!a))es >e'#'as #'#"a'%s e )%sp)a%s6 e!e'#&'%se *(e e))%s "%rresp%'e a '#>es#%es 'e %;ra !er>#a'a % a>a'era e ;r(!%.

E) espes%r >#>% a"ep!a'% e )%s !a;)er%s es 'e 1 s#e>pre "(a'% es!%s +ara!#"e )a=er!#"a)#'a' @%r#%!a)#'a' 'e) s%;re"#>#e!%6 "% ( espa"#a>#e!% >#>% 'e )%s ;arr%!esa "a'a 0.0 >6 "% >a'era 2H46 s%)eras 2HK a (a '#s!a"#a 'e 0.0 >6 s%s!e#'as p%res!a"as 'e 2HK a "a'a 0.0> !%rap(!as 'e 2HK.

A843' N

A)a>;re e+r% re"%"#'% N3P para re(er%s.

C/: @3 8('3

Se (!#)#ara ")a=%s 'e >a'era 'e K 1P0 ('/+ "% (a #"#'e"#a 'e 0.1 />2

E) e*(#p% ;,s#"% para )a e#e!as >e%res >ar!#))%s6 serr("@%6 s#erra "#r"()ar >a(a)6 "%r!a $err%6es"(a'ras e!".

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA



E*/J3(/

E) '#se% 'e) e"%ra'% as "%>% s( "%s!r(""#? ser, 'e "(e!a resp%sa;#)#'a' 'e)ee!e (er!e6 r+#'% '(ra;)e para s%p%r!ar !%'%s )%ses(er%s *(e se #>p%+a para per>#!#r !%'as )as %pera"#%es #@ere!es a) ))ea'% "%>pa"!a"#? 'e) "%"re!% s# s(r#r #+(a 'e%r>a"#? 'e YeH#? % 'a%s *(e p%'ra

ae"!ar )a "a)#'a' 'e) !ra;apr%p#as para es!e !#p% 'e !ra;aaera *(e % es"ape e) >%r!er% p%r )as (#%es e )a>a'era % >e!a) "(a'% e) "%"re!% sea ))ea'%. C(a)*(#er "a)aa!e% *(e sea e"esar#% ser,ee"!(a'% "% >a!er#a)es 'e;#'a>e!e apr%;a'%s.

L%s e"%ra'%s 'e;er, =er#$"arse a!es 'e "%>ear e) =a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!%6 'e;#e'% 'e"%>pr%;ar s( res#s!e"#a para )as s%)#"#!a"#%es 'e "ar+a a )%s *(e ser, s%>e!#'%s.

La s(per$"#e #!er#%r 'e !%'%s )%s e"%ra'%s ser, )#>p#a'a a "%"#e"#a 'e !%'a s("#e'a'6+rasa >%r!er% ( %!ras >a!er#as eH!raas ser, "(;#er!a "% pe!r?)e% para a"#)#!ar e)'ese"%ra'% *(e % >a"@e e) "%"re!% a!es *(e es!e sea =a"#a'% e )%s e"%ra'%s a!es 'e "%)%"ar e) a"er% 'e re(er%.


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L%s e"%ra'%s se (sar, '%'e sea e"esar#% para "%$ar e) "%"re!% 'ar)e )a %r>a 'ea"(er'% a )as '#>es#%es re*(er#'as.

L%s e"%ra'%s ser, '#sea'%s para res#s!#r "% se+(r#'a' !%'as )as "ar+as #>p(es!as p%r s(pes% pr%p#%6 e) pes% e>p(a'esea'a "% se+(r#'a'.

L%s e"%ra'%s 'e;e ser arr#%s!ra'%s "%!ra )as YeH#%es )a!era)es. L%s !#ra!es 'e )%se"%ra'%s 'e;e ser @e"@%s 'e !a) >aera *(e )%s !er>#a)es p(e'a ser re>%=#'%s s#"a(sar as!#))a'(ras e )as "apas 'e "%"re!% 'esp(&s *(e )as )#+a'(ras @aa s#'% re>%=#'as.

D':'*/J3(/

T%'%s )%s >a!er#a)es ser, 'ese"%ra'%s e e) !#e>p% e"esar#% "%>% >#>% '%s 'as 'e>aera *(e % p%+a e pe)#+r% )a se+(r#'a' 'e) "%"re!% % 'ae s( s(per$"#e.

C(a)*(#er 'a% "a(sa'% a) "%"re!% e e) 'ese"%ra'% ser, repara'% p%r "(e!a 'e)C%!ra!#s!a.

ara ase+(rar ( a'e"(a'% "%>p%r!a>#e!% es!r("!(ra) 'e) "%"re!%6 )%s e"%ra'%s6 'e;eper>ae"er @as!a *(e e) "%"re!% a'*(#era )a res#s!e"#a s($"#e!e para s%p%r!ar "%se+(r#'a' )as "ar+as e=#!ar )a %"(rre"#a 'e 'eYeH#%es per>ae!es % pre=#s!as6 as"%>% para res#s!#r 'a%s >e!,)#"%s !a)es "%>% *(#a'(ras 'esp%s!#))a>#e!%s.

Las %r>as 'e;er, re!#rarse 'e >aera *(e se ase+(re )a "%>p)e!a #'e%r>a;#)#'a' 'e )aes!r("!(ra. E +eera)6 )as %r>as % 'e;er, *(#!arse @as!a *(e e) "%"re!% se @aae'(re"#'% s($"#e!e>e!e "%>% para s%p%r!ar "% se+(r#'a' s( pr%p#% pes% )%s pes%ss(perp(es!%s *(e p(e'a "%)%"arse s%;re &). Las %r>as % 'e;er, *(#!arse s# per>#s% 'e)e "(a)*(#er "as%6 es!as 'e;er, 'ee%s e) !#e>p% "%!a'% 'es'e )ae"@a 'e) =a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!%.

C(a'% se @aa a(>e!a'% )a res#s!e"#a 'e) "%"re!% p%r '#se% 'e >e")as % a'#!#=%s6 )%s!#e>p%s 'e 'ese"%ra'% p%'r, ser >e%res pre=#a apr%;a"#? 'e) S(per=#s%r.

C/23/ T*)*/

C%!r%) T&"#"% 'e )%s >a!er#a)es (!#)#a'%s e e) pr%e"!%.

Es!e "%!r%) "%>pre'e )as pr(e;as par,>e!r%s para =er#$"ar )as "%'#"#%es 'e )%s>a!er#a)es *(e ser, (!#)#a'%s p%r >e'#% 'e )as s#+(#e!es pr(e;as pr(e;a 'e res#s!e"#a'e )a >a'era para e) e"%ra'%:

De;er, ser a'e"(a'a>e!e (er!e6 r+#'% '(ra;)e para s%p%r!ar !%'%s )%s es(er%s *(e se#>p%+a para per>#!#r !%'as )as %pera"#%es #@ere!es a) ))ea'% "%>pa"!a"#? 'e)"%"re!% s# s(r#r #+(a 'e%r>a"#? 'e YeH#? % 'a%s *(e p%'ra ae"!ar )a "a)#'a''e) !ra;a#e!%s es )a #spe""#? =#s(a)6 )a "(a) 'e;e ee"!(arse e !%'as )as e!apas *(e se>e"#%a a "%!#(a"#?:

E )%s a)>a"ees 'e >a!er#a)es.


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E )a %pera"#? 'e "%r!e "%)%"a"#? 'e )%s e"%ra'%s *(e 'e;a >a!eer )as '#>es#%es'e$#'as e )%s p)a%s.

La =er#$"a"#? =#s(a) 'e )a "a)#'a' 'e )%s e"%ra'%s6 ser, '#sea'%s para res#s!#r "%se+(r#'a' !%'as )as "ar+as #>p(es!as p%r s( pes% pr%p#%6 e) pes% e>p(as 'e )%s e"%ra'%s 'e;er, ser @er>&!#"as para pre=e#r )a $)!ra"#? 'e) >%r!er% ser, 'e;#'a>e!e arr#%s!ra'as % )#+a'as e!re s# 'e >aera *(e se >a!e+a )a p%s#"#? %r>a 'esea'a "% se+(r#'a'6 )as *(e 'e;er, es!ar 'e a"(er'% a )% '#sp(es!% p%r e)Cap!()% I 'e) ACI K1P-PK. La '#>es#? 'e )a >a'era 'e;er, ser )a a'e"(a'a s("%)%"a"#? 'e;e +ara!#ar )a '#>es#? 'e )%s s%;re"#>#e!%s.

T'38)(/

Las "%'#"#%es 'e !er>#a'% 'e )a s(per$"#e 'e;e ser =er#$"a'as =#s(a)>e!e. E) aspe"!%=#s(a) 'e;e >%s!rar )%s e"%ra'%s r+#'%s6 )#>p#%s parepre "(a'%"(>p)a "% )as s#+(#e!es !%)era"#as:

(e )%s e"%ra'%s se e"(e!re a'e"(a'a>e!e (er!e6 r+#'% '(ra;)e para s%p%r!ar !%'%s )%s es(er%s *(e se #>p%+a para per>#!#r !%'as )as%pera"#%es #@ere!es a) ))ea'% "%>pa"!a"#? 'e) "%"re!% s# s(r#r #+(a'e%r>a"#? 'e YeH#? % 'a%s *(e p%'ra ae"!ar )a "a)#'a' 'e) !ra;a&!#"as para pre=e#r )a $)!ra"#?'e) >%r!er% ser, 'e;#'a>e!e arr#%s!ra'as % )#+a'as e!re s# 'e >aera *(e se>a!e+a )a p%s#"#? %r>a 'esea'a "% se+(r#'a'.

(e )%s e"%ra'%s 'e;e ser arr#%s!ra'%s "%!ra )as YeH#%es)a!era)es. L%s !#ra!es 'e )%s e"%ra'%s 'e;e ser @e"@%s 'e !a) >aera *(e )%s !er>#a)esp(e'a ser re>%=#'%s s# "a(sar as!#))a'(ras e )as "apas 'e "%"re!%: Desp(&s *(e )as)#+a'(ras @aa s#'% re>%=#'as.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

L%s !ra;aa!er#a) *(e se (!#)#"e6 'e;e prese!ar ( aspe"!% sa% @%>%+&e%6 e=#!a'%e) (s% 'e s#!#%s a)!era'%s % 'e aspe"!% '('%s%. E "as% 'e '('a6 e) s#!#% 'e;e (!#)#arse'esp(&s 'e )as pr(e;as 'e "a)#'a' 'e )a >a'era.

L%s s#!#%s 'e a)>a"ea>#e!% 'e >a!er#a)es 'e;e prese!ar "%'#"#%es *(e e=#!e)a "%!a>#a"#? 'e) >a!er#a) e !a) %r>a *(e % sea per%=#>#e!%s a'e"(a'%spara e=#!ar *(e )%s >a!er#a)es se 'ae. ara *(e es!% % %"(rra 'e;e e=#!arse )%s s#!#%s *(ese e"(e!re "%!a>#a'%s @>e'%s.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/

E) !ra;a


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C(a'% )a >a'era a (sarse para e) e"%ra'% "(>p)a "% )%'#sp(es!% p%r e) Cap!()% I 'e) ACI K1P-PK.

L%s e"%ra'%s sea '#sea'%s para res#s!#r "% se+(r#'a' !%'as )as"ar+as #>p(es!as p%r s( pes% pr%p#%6 e) pes% e>p(e'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;a% %!r%s+as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;ae!%6 area p#e'ra % p%r "e>e!% @%r>#+?e (a pr%p%r"#? 1:P C: 76 'e espes%r 4.

L)e=ar, a)s% p#s% !%'%s )%s a>;#e!es 'e) pr#>er p#s% e "%!a"!% '#re"!% "% e) !erre% 'e;er, ee'#r, e Me!r% C(a'ra'% M2

PROCESO CONSTRUCTIVO

Se "%s!r(#r, 'e a"(er'% a )%s p)a%s 'e) pr%e"!% "% )as espe"#$"a"#%es !&"#"as 'e (


25/143



"%"re!% "% >e")a 1:P "e>e!% Z @%r>#+?. C% '(r>#e!es 'e >a'era 2 H 4 "% ('#s!a"#a>#e!% 'e 0.P0 'e ee'#% 'e )as s#+(#e!es pr(e;as:

r(e;a 'e +ra()%>e!ra 'e) a+re+a'% +r(es%:

L%s ra+>e!%s 'e;e ser '(r%s6 )#>p#%s6 '(ra;)es6 )#;res 'eeH"es%s 'e par!"()as )a>#ares6 a)ar+a'as % r,+#)es.

rese!ar6 "(a'% s% s%>e!#'%s a pr(e;as 'e '(ra;#)#'a'6 =a)%res#+(a)es % #er#%res a) 1.

E) '#,>e!r% >,H#>% re"%>e'a'% 'e;e ser 'e e!re 1/2 1/K 'e)

espes%r $a) 'e )a "apa ep)earse a+(a p%!a;)e % a+(a )#>p#a 'e;(ea "a)#'a'6 )#;re 'e #>p(rea *(e p(e'a 'aar e) "%"re!%.

r(e;a 'e "a)#'a' 'e) Ce>e!% ?r!)a' T#p% I6 res"% )#;re 'e +r(>%s.

C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

Se "%!r%)ar, )a a'e"(a'a '%s#$"a"#? 'e) "%"re!% as "%>% e) !ras)a'% 'e) "%"re!% @as!a e))(+ar '%'e se 'ep%s#!ar, e )%s s%;re"#>#e!%s )a @%r#%!a)#'a' 'e )as '(r>#e!es.

C/23/ G'/823)*/ 9 T'38)(/

Las '#>es#%es 'e )%s a)s% p#s%s 'e;e ser !a) "%>% se p)a!ea e )%s p)a%s 'e %;ra %"%>% )% @aa '#sea'% e) res#'e!e /% s(per=#s%r e %;ra.

T'38)(/

Las "%'#"#%es 'e !er>#a'% 'e )a s(per$"#e 'e;e ser =er#$"a'as =#s(a)>e!e. E) aspe"!%=#s(a) 'e;e >%s!rar )%s a)s% p#s%s pare%+&e%6 e=#!a'% e) (s%

'e s#!#%s a)!era'%s % 'e aspe"!% '('%s%. E "as% 'e '('a6 e) s#!#% 'e;e (!#)#arse'esp(&s 'e )as pr(e;as e) >a!er#a) 'e;e pasar )%s re*(#s#!%s espe"#$"a'%s 'e 'es+as!eL%s W+e)es '(ra;#)#'a'.


26/143



L%s s#!#%s 'e a)>a"ea>#e!% 'e >a!er#a)es 'e;e prese!ar "%'#"#%es *(e e=#!e )a"%!a>#a"#? 'e) >a!er#a) !eer separa"#%es ;#e 'e$#'as para e) a)>a"eae")a 'e >a!er#a)es

La %pera"#? 'e "ar+a 'e;e @a"erse !%>a'% e "(e!a )%s >%=#>#e!%s a'e"(a'%spara e=#!ar *(e )%s >a!er#a)es se 'ae. ara *(e es!% % %"(rra 'e;e e=#!arse )%s s#!#%s

*(e se e"(e!re "%!a>#a'%s @>e'%s.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/

E) !ra;ae >(es!ras 'e) "%"re!% 'e a"(er'% a )as N%r>asASTMC-12 para ser s%>e!#'as a )a pr(e;a 'e "%>pres#? 'e a"(er'% a )a N%r>aASTMC-K.

E) >er% 'e esa%s ser, 'e !res p%r "a'a 100 >K6 'es%;re"#>#e!% se epres#? a )%s s#e!e 'as )%s %!r%s a )%s =e#!#%"@% 2P 'as.

Ca'a esa% "%s!ar, 'e !res K pr%;e!as % "#)#'r%s.

MEDICIN Y PAGO

M'()*)+

E) a)s% p#s%6 se >e'0#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C(a'ra'% M26 "%s#'era'% e) )ar+% p%r e)a"@% 'e )a par!#'a ee'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;aa% 'e %;ra6 e*(#p%s @erra>#e!as6 as"%>% %!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;ae!% - area p#e'ra prepara'%se (a >e")a'%ra >e",#"a 'e!r% 'e) "(a) se '#sp%'r, )as ar>a'(ras 'e a"er% 'ea"(er'% a )%s p)a%s 'e es!r("!(ra *(e s% e) s%p%r!e 'e )as "ar+as 'e )a e'#$"a"#? *(e se!ras>#!e a) s(e)%.

L%s !ra;aas.

C'8'2/

E) "e>e!% a (sar para )as apa!as ser, %r!)a' !#p% I % %r>a) 'e a"(er'% a )a ")as#$"a"#?(sa'a6 %r>a)>e!e es!e "e>e!% se eHpe'e e ;%)sas 'e 42. X+ % 4 )#;ras p%r ;%)sa. E)pes% 'e) "e>e!% e ;%)sas % 'e;e !eer (a =ar#a"#? 'e >,s 'e) 1 'e) pes% #'#"a'%.


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E) S(per=#s%r "%!r%)ar, )a !%>a 'e >(es!ras "%rresp%'#e!es 'e a"(er'% a )as %r>asASTM-C-106 para ase+(rarse s( ;(ea "a)#'a' s( e=% a )a;%ra!%r#%s espe"#a)#a'%s para)a rea)#a"#? 'e )as pr(e;as s#"as #'#"a'as e '#"@as %r>as e %r>a per#?'#"a. E!&r>#%s +eera)es e) "e>e!% % 'e;e !eer +r(>%s6 p%r )% *(e 'e;er, pr%!e+erse'e;#'a>e!e.

A6

E) a+(a *(e se e>p)ear, e )a >e")a para e) "%"re!% 'e apa!as6 ser, res"a6 )#>p#a p%!a;)e6 )#;re 'e s(s!a"#as pere"#%a'as *(e % sea '(ra % "%s()a!%s.

Se p%'r, (sar a+(a % p%!a;)e s#e>pre *(e )as pr%;e!as ";#"as 'e >%r!er% prepara'as "%'#"@a a+(a6 "e>e!% area !e+a p%r )% >e%s 0 'e )a res#s!e"#a a )%s 2P 'as 'e)as pr%;e!as 'e >%r!er% prepara'as "% a+(a p%!a;)e "(ra'as e )as >#s>as "%'#"#%es

esaa'a 'e a"(er'% a )as %r>as ASTM-C-10.

A3'(/:

L%s a+re+a'%s *(e se (sar, s%: e) a+re+a'% $% % #er!e area +r(esa e) a+re+a'%+r(es% p#e'ra par!#'a. A>;%s !#p%s 'e;e "%s#'erarse "%>% #+re'#e!es separa'%s 'e)"%"re!%.

L%s a+re+a'%s para e) "%"re!% 'e;er, es!ar 'e a"(er'% "% )as espe"#$"a"#%es paraa+re+a'%s 'e )a ASTM-C-KK6 p(e'e (sarse a+re+a'%s *(e % "(>p)a "% es!asespe"#$"a"#%es6 per% *(e @aa 'e>%s!ra'% p%r >e'#% 'e )as pr,"!#"as % 'e esa%sespe"#a)es6 *(e pr%'("e "%"re!% 'e res#s!e"#a '(ra;#)#'a' a'e"(a'%s6 s#e>pre *(e e)#spe"!%r a(!%r#"e s( (s%6 pre=#% es!('#% 'e )%s '#se%s 'e >e")a6 )%s "(a)es 'e;er, es!ar

a"%>paa'%s p%r )%s "er!#$"a'%s %!%r+a'%s p%r a)+ )a;%ra!%r#% espe"#a)#a'%.

ARENA.- De;e "(>p)#r )%s s#+(#e!es re*(#s#!%s:

Ser, )#>p#a6 'e +ra% r(+%s% res#s!e!e. N% "%!e'r, ( p%r"e!a#a'% >e'#a!e e) )a=a'% "%rresp%'#e!e.

E) p%r"e!ae!e !ra;aa!er#a %r+,#"a 'e )a area se "%!r%)ar, p%r e) >&!%'% 'e ASTM-C-40 e) >a!er#a) >,s$% *(e pase e) !a># N%. 200 p%r e) >&!%'% ASTM-C-1.

IEDRA C7ANCADA.- E) a+re+a'% +r(es% p(e'e ser p#e'ra par!#'a % +ra=a )#>p#a )#;re 'epar!"()as 'e ar"#))a p),s!#"a e s( s(per$"#e pr%=e#e!e 'e r%"as *(e % se e"(e!ra epr%"es% 'e 'es"%>p%s#"#?.

E) Res#'e!e6 !%>ar, )as "%rresp%'#e!es >(es!ras para s%>e!er a )%s a+re+a'%s a )%s

esa%s "%rresp%'#e!es 'e '(ra;#)#'a' a!e e) s()a!% 'e s%'#%6 s()a!% 'e >a+es#% esa% 'e A;ras#? 'e )%s ,+e)es6 'e a"(er'% a )as %r>as ASTM-C-KK.

E) !a>a% >,H#>% ser, 'e K/4 para e) "%"re!% ar>a'%. E e)e>e!%s 'e espes%r re'("#'%


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% "(a'% eH#s!a +ra 'es#'a' 'e ar>a'(ra se p%'r, '#s>#(#r e) !a>a% 'e) a+re+a'%s#e>pre *(e se %;!e+a (a ;(ea !ra;ap %ase!a>#e!% re*(er#'% *(e )a res#s!e"#a 'e) "%"re!% *(e se %;!e+a sea )a #'#"a'a e)%s p)a%s.

E +eera) e) !a>a% >,H#>% 'e) a+re+a'% !e'r, (a >e'#'a !a) *(e % sea >a%r 'e 1/'e )a >e'#'a >,s pe*(ea e!re )%s "%s!a'%s #!er#%res 'e )as %r>as6 'e!r% 'e )as "(a)esse =er!er, e) "%"re!% # >a%r 'e 1/K 'e) pera)!e 'e )%sas6 % )%s K/4 'e) >,H#>% espa"#%)#;re e!re ;arras #'#=#'(a)es 'e re(er% % e!re +r(p% 'e ;arras.

A()2)/:.

Se p%'r, (!#)#ar a'#!#=%s *(e "(>p)a "% )as espe"#$"a"#%es 'e )a N%r>a ITINTEC KK.0Ppara >%'#$"ar )as pr%p#e'a'es 'e) "%"re!% e !a) %r>a *(e )% @a+a >,s a'e"(a'% para)as "%'#"#%es 'e !ra;ae")a 'e "%"re!%

'e;e a!eerse a )as re"%>e'a"#%es 'e) a;r#"a!e. E) a+(a 'e )%s a'#!#=%s ap)#"a'%s e%r>a 'e s%)("#? 'e;er, ser "%s#'era'a "%>% par!e 'e) a+(a 'e >e")a'%.

E) e*(#p% ;,s#"% para )a epa!#;)es "% )a +ra()%>e!ra pr%'(""#? 'esea'a.2 M,*(#as >e")a'%ras.K D#s!r#;(#'%r 'e a+re+a'%.4 #;ra!%r#as para "%"re!%. E*(#p% @erra>#e!as >e%res pa)as6 p#"%s6 ;(++#es6 e!".

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA

Es!a par!#'a se >e'#r, e Me!r%s C;#"%s MK


E) "%"re!% p%'r, =a"#arse '#re"!a>e!e a )as apa!as s# e"%ra'%s6 s#e>pre *(e )% per>#!a)a es!a;#)#'a' 'e) !a)('. Se pres"#'#r, 'e e"%ra'% "(a'% e) !erre% )% per>#!a6 es 'e"#r*(e % se pr%'("a 'err(>;es.

V#"a>e!e se pr%"e'er, a) =a"#a'% "(a'% se @aa =er#$"a'% )a eHa"!#!(' 'e) eH"a=a'% 'e) s%)a'%6 "%>% pr%'("!% 'e ( "%rre"!% rep)a!e%6 e) ;a!#'% 'e &s!%s >a!er#a)es se @ar,(!#)#a'% >e")a'%ra >e",#"a6 'e;#e'% ee"!(arse es!as %pera"#%es p%r )% >#>%

'(ra!e 1 >#(!% p%r "ar+a.

S?)% p%'r, e>p)earse a+(a p%!a;)e % a+(a )#>p#a 'e ;(ea "a)#'a'6 )#;re 'e #>p(rea *(ep(e'a 'aar e) "%"re!% se @(>e'e"er, )as aa !a) *(e se pre=e+a (a se+re+a"#?


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separa"#? 'e +r(es%s $%s % "%!a>#a"#? eH"es#=a "% %!r%s >a!er#a)es % a+re+a'%s'e %!ras '#>es#%es. ara ase+(rar *(e se "(>p)a es!as "%'#"#%es e) #spe"!%r @ar,>(es!re%s per#?'#"%s para )a rea)#a"#? 'e esa%s 'e r(!#a e )% *(e se re$ere a )#>p#ea +ra()%>e!ra.

D/:)**)+ D' M'Q*: D' C/*3'2/

La 'e!er>#a"#? 'e )as pr%p%r"#%es 'e "e>e!%6 a+(a a+re+a'%s se @ar, !%>a'% "%>%;ase )a s#+(#e!e !a;)a:

RELACION AGUA/CEMENTO : MA5IMAS ERMISIBLES

RESISTENCIA A LA COMRESION :RELACION MA5IMA AGUA/CEMENTO

ESECIFICADA A LOS 2P DIAS SIN AIRE INCORORADO

+/">2 Ga)?/se"%

210 .0

E) a+(a a*( #'#"a'a es e) a+(a !%!a)6 es 'e"#r e) a+(a a'#"#%a'a >,s e) a+(a *(e !#ee )%sa+re+a'%s. La >,H#>a "a!#'a' 'e a+(a *(e p(e'a !eer )%s a+re+a'%s e %r>a es!#>a'aes:

Area @>e'a 1/4 +a)? / p#e ";#"%

Area >%e")a'% e p)a!a !rasp%r!e 'e) "%"re!% a prepara'% #a+re+ar a+(a a!es 'e ))e+ar a %;ra.

M'Q*(/ D' C/*3'2/

A!es 'e) prepara'% 'e) "%"re!%6 e) e*(#p% para e) >e")a'% es!ar, pere"!a>e!e )#>p#%6 e)a+(a 'e )%s 'ep?s#!%s 'e) e*(#p% 'e >e")a'% *(e @aa es!a'% +(ar'a'% 'es'e e) 'aa!er#%r ser, e)#>#a'a se ))ear, (e=a>e!e "% a+(a )#>p#a res"a.

E) e*(#p% 'e >e")a'% 'e;er, es!ar e pere"!as "%'#"#%es >e",#"as 'e ("#%a>#e!%6)a >e")a'%ra +#rar, a )a =e)%"#'a' re"%>e'a'a p%r e) a;r#"a!e e) >e")a'% "%!#(ar,

p%r )% >e%s '(ra!e >#(!% >e'#% 'esp(&s *(e !%'%s )%s >a!er#a)es es!& e e) !a>;%rpara >e")a'%ras 'e (a ar'a ";#"a % ra""#? 'e e))a.

E) "%"re!% para "aa) p)(=#a)6 'e;er, ser >e")a'% s?)% e "a!#'a'es *(e se =aa a (sar'e #>e'#a!%6 e) "%"re!% eH"e'e!e % % (sa'% 'e;er, ser e)#>#a'%.

T3:@/32' D' C/*3'2/

E) "%"re!% 'e;er, ser !rasp%r!a'% a) $a) 'e) 'ep?s#!% % "%)%"a'% !a pr%!% "%>% seap%s#;)e6 p%r >&!%'%s *(e pre=e+a )a se+re+a"#? % p&r'#'a 'e #+re'#e!es e !a) %r>a*(e se ase+(re *(e e) "%"re!% *(e se =a a 'ep%s#!ar e )as %r>as sea 'e )a "a)#'a're*(er#'a. E) e*(#p% 'e !ras=ase "@(!es 'e !rasp%r!e 'e;e ser !a) *(e ase+(re ( Y(%=#'%s s%;re s(per$"#es p)aas es!ar, '%!a'%s preere!e>e!e 'e


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))a!as 'e e!e e!re )%sespa"#%s e )as =ar#))as.

N% se 'ep%s#!ar, e )a es!r("!(ra #+(a "%"re!a *(e se @aa e'(re"#'% par"#a)>e!e %*(e es!& "%!a>#a'% p%r s(s!a"#as eH!raas6 # se =%)=er, a >e")ar a >e%s *(e e)Ispe"!%r '& s( apr%;a"#?.

La =e)%"#'a' 'e "%)%"a"#? 'e) "%"re!% 'e;e ser !a) *(e e) "%"re!% a!es "%)%"a'% es!&!%'a=a p),s!#"% se #!e+re "% e) "%"re!% *(e se es!, "%)%"a'% espe"#a)>e!e a) *(e es!,e!re ;arras 'e es(er%. L%s separa'%res !e>p%ra)es "%)%"a'%s e )as %r>as 'e;er, serre>%=#'%s "(a'% e) "%"re!% a @a ))e+a'% a )a a)!(ra e"esar#a. E))%s p(e'e *(e'are>;e;#'%s e e) "%"re!% s?)% s# s% 'e >e!a) 'e "%"re!% *(e pre=#a>e!e se @aaapr%;a'% 'ee!%s espe"#a)es.

C/:/)(*)+ D' C/*3'2/

La "%s%)#'a"#? se @ar, 'e preere"#a >e'#a!e =#;ra'%res6 )%s *(e 'e;e ("#%ar a )a=e)%"#'a' >#>a re"%>e'a'a p%r e) a;r#"a!e. E) Ispe"!%r =#+#)ar, 'e >%'% *(e )a

%pera"#? 'e =#;ra"#? 'e) "%"re!% !%>e s%)a>e!e e) !#e>p% s($"#e!e para s( a'e"(a'a"%s%)#'a"#?6 *(e se >a#$es!a "(a'% (a 'e)+a'a pe)"()a 'e >%r!er% apare"e e )as(per$"#e 'e) "%"re!% !%'a=a se a)"aa a =er e) a+re+a'% +r(es% r%'ea'% 'e >%r!er%.

La =e)%"#'a' 'e) =a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!% % ser, >a%r *(e )a =e)%"#'a' 'e =#;ra"#?6 para *(ee) "%"re!% *(e se =a "%)%"a'% p(e'a "%s%)#'arse "%rre"!a>e!e. E) =#;ra'% 'e;e ser !a)*(e e>;e;a e "%"re!% !%'as )as ;arras 'e re(er%6 *(e e) "%"re!% ))e+(e a !%'as )ases*(#as6 *(e *(e'e e>;e;#'as !%'%s )%s a")ap% 'e ap)#"a"#? 'e) =#;ra'%r ser, 'e a 1 se+('%s. Se 'e;e !eer =#;ra'%res 'ereser=a6 se 'e;er, se+(#r )as re"%>e'a"#%es 'e) ACI-K0 ACI-0 para pr%!e+er e)

"%"re!% e "%'#"#%es a>;#e!a)es a'=ersas.

C63(/ D' C/*3'2/

E) "%"re!% 'e;er, ser "(ra'% p%r )% >e%s 'as '(ra!e )%s "(a)es se >a!e'r, e)"%"re!% s%;re )%s 1 +ra'%s "e!+ra'%s e "%'#"#? @>e'a6 a par!#r 'e )as 10 % 12@%ras 'e) =a"#a'%.

C(a'% e) s%) es!, a"!(a'% '#re"!a>e!e6 s%;re )%s e)e>e!%s =er!#"a)es "%>% )as"%)(>as6 se )es re+ar, "%!#(a>e!e 'e >aera *(e )es "a#+a e) a+(a e %r>a 'e ))(=#a.

E %as 'e ")#>a r% 'e;er, se+(#r )as re"%>e'a"#%es 'e) ACI-04 e ")#>a "a)(r%s%'e) ACI-0.

C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+


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Se "%!r%)ar, )a a'e"(a'a '%s#$"a"#? 'e) "%"re!% as "%>% e) !ras)a'% 'e) "%"re!% @as!a e))(+ar '%'e se 'ep%s#!ar, e )as apa!as.

C/23/ G'/823)*/ 9 T'38)(/

E) espes%r 'e) re"(;r#>#e!% e apa!as es 'e . ">.6 e) pera)!e 'e;e ee"!(arse !%>a'%

e "(e!a )as "%s#'era"#%es 'e) p)a% es!r("!(ra) *(e %s #'#"a #+(a) a 0 ">.

T'38)(/

Las "%'#"#%es 'e !er>#a'% 'e )a s(per$"#e 'e;e ser =er#$"a'as =#s(a)>e!e. E) aspe"!%=#s(a) 'e;e >%s!rar )as apa!as parep)a sa!#sa"!%r#a>e!e "% )a 'e )%s p)a%s6#")(e'% e) pera)!e.


M'()*)+

E) "%"re!% ar>a'% e apa!as6 se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C;#"% MK6 "%s#'era'% e))ar+% p%r e) a"@% p%r e) a)!% 'e )a par!#'a ee'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;aa!er#a)es6 >a% 'e %;ra6 E*(#p%s @erra>#e!as6 as "%>%%!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;ae!% es!r("!(ra) 'eapa!as.

L%s !ra;a


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E) re(er% se "%)%"ar, respe!a'% )%s re"(;r#>#e!%s espe"#$"a'%s e )%s p)a%s. E) re(er%'e;er, ase+(rarse 'e >aera *(e '(ra!e e) =a"#a'% % se pr%'("a 'esp)aa>#e!%s *(es%;repase )as !%)era"#as per>#s#;)es.

La "%)%"a"#? 'e )a ar>a'(ra ser, ae"!a'a e es!r#"!% a"(er'% "% )%s p)a%s se ase+(rar,"%!ra "(a)*(#er 'esp)aa>#e!% p%r >e'#% 'e a)a>;re 'e @#err% re"%+#'% ? ")#pes a'e"(a'%se )as #!erse""#%es. E) re"(;r#>#e!% 'e )a ar>a'(ra se )%+rar, p%r >e'#% 'e espa"#a'%res'e "%"re!% !#p% a#))% %!ra %r>a *(e !e+a ( ,rea >#>a 'e "%!a"!% "% e) e"%ra'%.

C/23/ T*)*/

A8*'5' 9 L)8@)'Q

Las =ar#))as 'e a"er% se a)>a"ear, (era 'e) "%!a"!% "% e) s(e)%6 preer#;)e>e!e"(;#er!%s se >a!e'r, )#;res 'e !#erra s("#e'a'6 a"e#!e6 % +rasa. A!es 'e s( "%)%"a"#?e )a es!r("!(ra6 e) re(er% >e!,)#"% 'e;er, )#>p#arse 'e es"a>as 'e )a>#a'%6 %H#'% "(a)*(#er "apa *(e p(e'e re'("#r s( a'@ere"#a.

C(a'% @aa 'e>%ra e e) =a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!%6 e) re(er% se re#spe""#%ar, se'e=%)=er, a )#>p#ar "(a'% sea e"esar#%.

D/4(/ (' R'J6'3Q/

T%'% e) re(er% 'e;er, '%;)arse e r%. E) re(er% par"#a)>e!e e>;e;#'% 'e!r% 'e)"%"re!% % 'e;e '%;)arse6 eH"ep!% "(a'% as se #'#*(e e )%s p)a%s 'e '#se% % )%a(!%r#"e e) r%e"!#s!a. N% se per>#!#r, e\ '%;)a'% 'e) re(er%. L%s '#,>e!r%s "%s#'era'%ss% )%s s#+(#e!es:

DIAMETRO ARILLA RADIO MINIMO.

K/P a /P 2. '#,>e!r%s 'e =ar#))a

K/4 a 1 K.0 '#,>e!r%s 'e =ar#))a

Ma%res 'e 1 4.0 '#,>e!r%s 'e =ar#))a

T/'3*).

E) re(er% se "%)%"ar, e )as p%s#"#%es espe"#$"a'as e )%s p)a%s "% )as s#+(#e!es!%)era"#as:

D ] 0 ">. % >e%s Q- >>.

D ] >a%r 'e 0 ">. Q- 1K >>.

%s#"#? )%+#!('#a) 'e '%;)e"es eH!re>%s 'e =ar#))as Q- >>.

G*/ E:2(3

1 E ;arras )%+#!('#a)es:

1 D%;)e 'e 1P03 >,s (a eH!es#? >#>a 'e 4 ';6 per% % >e%r 'e. ">. a) eH!re>% )#;re 'e )a;arra.

2 D%;)e 'e 03 >,s (a eH!es#? >#>a 'e 12 '; a) eH!re>% )#;re 'e )a ;arra.

K E) '#,>e!r% 'e '%;)e >e'#'% a )a "ara #!er#%r 'e )a ;arra % 'e;er, ser >e%r a :Barras ^ K/P a ^ 1 ';


33/143



Barras ^ 1 1/P a ^ 1 K/P P ';

2 E Es!r#;%s:

4 D%;)e 'e 1K3 >,s (a eH!es#? >#>a 'e 10 '; a) eH!re>% )#;re 'e )a ;arra. E e)e>e!%s *(e% res#s!e a""#%es ss>#"as6 "(a'% )%s es!r#;%s % se re*(#era p%r "%$a>#e!%6 e)

'%;)e p%'r, ser 'e 03 % 1K3 >,s (a eH!es#? 'e ';.

E) '#,>e!r% 'e '%;)e >e'#'% a )a "ara #!er#%r 'e )a ;arra % 'e;er, ser >e%r a :

Es!r#;%s ^ K/P a ^ /P 4 ';

Es!r#;%s ^ K/4 ^ >a%res ';

E('3'Q8)'2/ 9 R'(/4(/

N% se per>#!#r, re'%;)a'%6 # e'erea>#e!% e e) a"er% %;!e#'% e ;ase a !%rs#? ( %!rase>ea !a)*(e e) >a!er#a) sea 'aa'%.

N% se '%;)ar, #+ re(er% par"#a)>e!e e>;e;#'% e e) "%"re!% e'(re"#'%.

L>8)2': (' ':@*)8)'2/ (' 3'J6'3Q/

E) espa"#a>#e!% )#;re e!re ;arras para)e)as 'e (a "apa 'e;er, ser >a%r % #+(a) a s('#,>e!r%6 2. "> % 1.K =e"es e) !a>a% >,H#>% %>#a) 'e) a+re+a'% +r(es%.

C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

La pr#"#pa) a"!#=#'a' para e) "%!r%) 'e )%s !ra;aa!er#a)es.

E )a %pera"#? 'e "ar+a.

La =er#$"a"#? =#s(a) 'e )a "a)#'a' 'e )%s re(er%s e !ra;ae!r% 'e )%s re(er%s 'e a"er% se e"(e!ra espe"#$"a'% e )%s p)a%s es!r("!(ra)es6

)%s *(e se "%)%"ar, respe!a'% )%s re"(;r#>#e!%s espe"#$"a'%s e )%s p)a%s. E) re(er%'e;er, ase+(rarse 'e >aera *(e '(ra!e e) =a"#a'% % se pr%'("a 'esp)aa>#e!%s *(es%;repase )as !%)era"#as per>#s#;)es.

T'38)(/

Las "%'#"#%es 'e !er>#a'% 'e )a s(per$"#e 'e;e ser =er#$"a'as =#s(a)>e!e. E) aspe"!%=#s(a) 'e;e >%s!rar )%s re(er%s 'e;#'a>e!e espa"#a'%s )#;re e!re ;arras para)e)as 'e (a"apa 'e;er, ser >a%r % #+(a) a s( '#,>e!r%6 2. "> % 1.K =e"es e) !a>a% >,H#>% %>#a)'e) a+re+a'% +r(es%.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ T*)*/

S#e>pre *(e "(>p)a "% )% espe"#$"a'% e es!a par!#'a.B:(/ ' ' C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+


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L%s !ra;ae!r%s pr%p(es!%s e )%s p)a%s )as '#>es#%es 'e "a'aar>a'(ra.


M'()*)+

E) a"er% 'e re(er% e )as apa!as se >e'#r, es!a par!#'a p%r (#'a' 'e X#)%+ra>% XG.6"%s#'era'% e) )ar+% 'e "a'a =ar#))a a e>p)earse >()!#p)#"a'% p%r s( a"!%r 'e pes%6 %s(>a'% p%r par!es 'e )a >#s>a para 'ar ( !%!a).

P/

E) pa+% se @a"e p%r )a >e'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;a%%!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;ae!% - area p#e'ra prepara'%se (a >e")a'%ra >e",#"a 'e!r% 'e) "(a) se '#sp%'r, )as ar>a'(ras 'e a"er% 'ea"(er'% a )%s p)a%s 'e es!r("!(ra.

DESCRIPCIN

L%s !ra;aas.

CALIDAD DE LOS MATERIALES

Ce>e!%

E) "e>e!% a (sar para )as =#+as ser, %r!)a' !#p% I6 %r>a)>e!e es!e "e>e!% se eHpe'ee ;%)sas 'e 42. X+ % 4 )#;ras p%r ;%)sa. E) pes% 'e) "e>e!% e ;%)sas % 'e;e !eer (a

=ar#a"#? 'e >,s 'e) 1 'e) pes% #'#"a'%.E) Ispe"!%r "%!r%)ar, )a !%>a 'e >(es!ras "%rresp%'#e!es 'e a"(er'% a )as %r>as ASTM-C-106 para ase+(rarse s( ;(ea "a)#'a' s( e=% a )a;%ra!%r#%s espe"#a)#a'%s para )area)#a"#? 'e )as pr(e;as s#"as #'#"a'as e '#"@as %r>as e %r>a per#?'#"a. E !&r>#%s+eera)es e) "e>e!% % 'e;e !eer +r(>%s6 p%r )% *(e 'e;er, pr%!e+erse 'e;#'a>e!e.

A+(a

De;er, ser )#>p#a )#;re 'e s(s!a"#as pere'#a!e pr(e;as pre=#as a s( (s% se es!a;)e"a *(e

)as pr%;e!as ";#"as 'e >%r!er% prepara'as "% '#"@a a+(a6 "e>e!% area %r>a)6 !e+ap%r )% >e%s e) 0 'e )a res#s!e"#a a )%s 2P 'as.

A+re+a'%s


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L%s a+re+a'%s *(e se (sar, s%: e) a+re+a'% $% % #er!e area +r(esa e) a+re+a'%+r(es% p#e'ra par!#'a. A>;%s !#p%s 'e;e "%s#'erarse "%>% #+re'#e!es separa'%s 'e)"%"re!%. L%s a+re+a'%s para e) "%"re!% 'e;er, es!ar 'e a"(er'% "% )as espe"#$"a"#%espara a+re+a'%s 'e )a ASTM-C-KK6 p(e'e (sarse a+re+a'%s *(e % "(>p)a "% es!asespe"#$"a"#%es6 per% *(e @aa 'e>%s!ra'% p%r >e'#% 'e )as pr,"!#"as % 'e esa%s

espe"#a)es6 *(e pr%'("e "%"re!% 'e res#s!e"#a '(ra;#)#'a' a'e"(a'%s6 s#e>pre *(e e)#spe"!%r a(!%r#"e s( (s%6 pre=#% es!('#% 'e )%s '#se%s 'e >e")a6 )%s "(a)es 'e;er, es!ara"%>paa'%s p%r )%s "er!#$"a'%s %!%r+a'%s p%r a)+ )a;%ra!%r#% espe"#a)#a'%.

E*(#p%s 8 7erra>#e!as

E) e*(#p% ;,s#"% para )a ea @(>e'a'6a+(a 'e ))(=#a6 e!". %!r%s a+e!es eH!er#%res.

Se "(#'ar, *(e e) "e>e!% a)>a"ea'% e ;%)sas % es!& e "%!a"!% "% e) s(e)% % e) a+(a)#;re *(e p(e'a "%rrer p%r )a %;ra es 'e"#r6 e) "e>e!% e ;%)sas se a)>a"ear, e ( )(+ar!e"@a'% res"%6 )#;re 'e @(>e'a' "%!a>#a"#? e) "e>e!% a +rae) se a)>a"ear, es#)%s a'e"(a'%s *(e % per>#!a e!ra'a 'e @(>e'a'.

A+re+a'%s

De;er, ser a)>a"ea'%s % ap#)a'%s e %r>a !a) *(e se pre=e+a (a se+re+a"#?

separa"#? 'e +r(es%s $%s % "%!a>#a"#? eH"es#=a "% %!r%s >a!er#a)es % a+re+a'%s'e %!ras '#>es#%es. ara ase+(rar *(e se "(>p)a es!as "%'#"#%es e) #spe"!%r @ar,>(es!re%s per#?'#"%s para )a rea)#a"#? 'e esa%s 'e r(!#a e )% *(e se re$ere a )#>p#ea +ra()%>e!ra.


E) "%"re!% p%'r, =a"#arse '#re"!a>e!e a )as =#+as 'e "#>e!a"#` s# e"%ra'%s6 s#e>pre*(e )% per>#!a )a es!a;#)#'a' 'e) !a)('.

A!es 'e pr%"e'er a) ))ea'% 'e )as =#+as es e"esar#% re+ar "% a+(a )as pare'es 'e) s(e)%*(e ser=#r, "%>% e"%ra'% 'e) e)e>e!%.

V#"a>e!e se pr%"e'er, a) =a"#a'% "(a'% se @aa =er#$"a'% )a eHa"!#!(' 'e) eH"a=a'% 'e) s%)a'%6 "%>% pr%'("!% 'e ( "%rre"!% rep)a!e%6 e) ;a!#'% 'e &s!%s >a!er#a)es se @ar,(!#)#a'% >e")a'%ra >e",#"a6 'e;#e'% ee"!(arse es!as %pera"#%es p%r )% >#>%'(ra!e 1 >#(!% p%r "ar+a.

MECLADO DEL CONCRETO

A!es 'e) prepara'% 'e) "%"re!%6 e) e*(#p% para e) >e")a'% 'e;er, es!ar )#>p#%6 epere"!as "%'#"#%es >e",#"as 'e ("#%a>#e!%6 )a >e")a'%ra +#rar, a )a =e)%"#'a're"%>e'a'a p%r e) a;r#"a!e e) >e")a'% "%!#(ar, p%r )% >e%s '(ra!e >#(!% >e'#% 'esp(&s *(e !%'%s )%s >a!er#a)es es!& e e) !a>;%r.

E) "%"re!% 'e;er, ser >e")a'% s?)% e "a!#'a'es *(e se =aa a (sar 'e #>e'#a!%6 e)"%"re!% eH"e'e!e % % (sa'% 'e;er, ser e)#>#a'%

TRANSORTE DEL CONCRETO


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E) "%"re!% 'e;er, ser !rasp%r!a'% !a pr%!% "%>% sea p%s#;)e6 p%r >&!%'%s *(epre=e+a )a se+re+a"#? % p&r'#'a 'e #+re'#e!es e !a) %r>a *(e se ase+(re *(e e)"%"re!% *(e se =a a 'ep%s#!ar e )as %r>as sea 'e )a "a)#'a' re*(er#'a. .

ara re"%rr#'%s )ar+%s se 'e;er, 'es"ar+ar s# se+re+a"#? a (a !%)=a6 para !a) ee"!% se(sar, !(;eras "?#"as )as *(e 'e;er, es!ar separa'as 'e )a !%)=a p%r >e%s 24.

E) S(per=#s%r se reser=a e) 'ere"@% 'e "%%r>#'a' 'e !%'%s )%s s#s!e>as 'e !rasp%r!e6!ras=ase "%)%"a"#?.

COLOCACIN DEL CONCRETO

E) "%"re!% se "%)%"ar, !a "er"a "%>% sea p%s#;)e 'e s( p%s#"#? $a)6 e=#!a'% )ase+re+a"#? 'e;#'a a >a#p()e%s % >%=#>#e!%s eH"es#=%s e) =a"#a'% se @ar, a =e)%"#'a'es*(e e) "%"re!% se "%ser=e !%'% e) !#e>p% e es!a'% p),s!#"% Y(a ,"#)>e!e e!re )%sespa"#%s e )as =ar#))as.

N% se 'ep%s#!ar, e )a es!r("!(ra #+ "%"re!% *(e se @aa e'(re"#'% par"#a)>e!e %*(e es!& "%!a>#a'% p%r s(s!a"#as eH!raas6 # se =%)=er, a >e")ar a >e%s *(e e)

Res#'e!e '& s( apr%;a"#?.

CURADO DEL CONCRETO

E) "%"re!% 'e;er, ser "(ra'% p%r )% >e%s 'as '(ra!e )%s "(a)es se >a!e'r, e)"%"re!% s%;re )%s 1 +ra'%s "e!+ra'%s e "%'#"#? @>e'a6 a par!#r 'e )as 10 % 12@%ras 'e) =a"#a'%.

C(a'% e) s%) es!, a"!(a'% '#re"!a>e!e6 s%;re )%s e)e>e!%s =er!#"a)es "%>% )as"%)(>as6 se )es re+ar, "%!#(a>e!e 'e >aera *(e )es "a#+a e) a+(a e %r>a 'e ))(=#a.

E %as 'e ")#>a r% 'e;er, se+(#r )as re"%>e'a"#%es 'e) ACI-04 e ")#>a "a)(r%s%'e) ACI-0.

SISTEMA DE CONTROL DE CALIDAD

La "a)#'a' 'e) "%!r%) 'e "a)#'a' ser, =er#$"a'a p%r e) esa% 'e Res#s!e"#a a )a "%>pres#?*(e ser, rea)#a'a e!e "% )a =e#a apr%;a"#? 'e) s(per=#s%r.

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA

E) "%"re!%6 se >#'e p%r )a (#'a' 'e >K "% apr%H#>a"#? 'e 2 'e"#>a)es es 'e"#r p%r,rea )ar+% H a"@% H a)!%6 )a >e'#"#? ser, e) >e!ra'% rea)>e!e ep)e!a es!a par!#'a.

-0&-.01.0&.0.0 ACERO ESTRUCTURAL TRABAADO PARA VIGAS DE CIMENTACION

es!r("!(ra) 'e IGAS DE CIMENTACION "% )as "ara"!ers!#"as >#>as 'e:

C%rr(+a"#%es 'e a"(er'% a )a %r>a ASTM A-1.

F)(e"#a _ ] 4200 X+/">2

Car+a 'e r%!(ra >#>% 600 X+/">2

E)%+a"#? e 20 ">. >#>% P.


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E !%'% "as% sa!#sar, )a %r>a ASTM A-1P

DESCRIPCIN

L%s !ra;a2.

De;er, "(>p)#r "% )as %r>as 'e) ASTM-A-6 ASTM-A-16 ASTM-A-16 NO-11P.

CALIDAD DE LOS MATERIALES

A"er% 'e re(er%

Se 'e;e "(>p)#r "% !%'% )% es!a;)e"#'% e e) ar!. 40 'e) re+)a>e!% 'e) ACI. E) '%;)a'% )%s "%r!es ser, 'e a"(er'% a )%s '#se%s >e'#'as espe"#$"a'as e )%s p)a%s.

E) re(er% >e!,)#"% 'e;er, "(>p)#r "% )as s#+(#e!es espe"#$"a"#%es:

E) )>#!e 'e Y(e"#a ser, F]46200 +/">2.

De;er, "(>p)#r "% )as %r>as 'e) ASTM-A-16 ASTM-A-16 ASTM-A-16 NO-11P.

De;er, ser =ar#))as 'e a"er% es!r("!(ra) 'e ;(ea "a)#'a'.

Ga"@%s D%;)e"es

Se '%;)ar, e r%6 % se '%;)ar, e )a %;ra #+(a ;arra par"#a)>e!e e>;e;#'a e"%"re!% eH"ep!% *(e es!& #'#"a'% e )%s p)a%s. E) ra'#% >#>% 'e '%;)e para +a"@%ss!a'ar' ser, e) s#+(#e!e:

DIAMETRO ARILLA RADIO MINIMO

K/P a /P 2. ;arra

K/4 a 1 K.0 ;arra

b1 4.0 ;arra

A)>a"ea>#e!%Las =ar#))as 'e a"er% se a)>a"ear, (era 'e) "%!a"!% "% e) s(e)%6 preer#;)e>e!e"(;#er!%s se >a!e'r, )#;res 'e !#erra s("#e'a'6 a"e#!e6 % +rasa. A!es 'e s( "%)%"a"#?e )a es!r("!(ra6 e) re(er% >e!,)#"% 'e;er, )#>p#arse 'e es"a>as 'e )a>#a'%6 %H#'% "(a)*(#er "apa *(e p(e'e re'("#r s( a'@ere"#a.

E*(#p%s 7erra>#e!as

E) e*(#p% ;,s#"% para )a e#e!as >e%res"%r!a'%r 'e $err%6 >,*(#a 'e '%;)a'%6 e!".


La "%)%"a"#? 'e )a ar>a'(ra ser, ae"!a'a e es!r#"!% a"(er'% "% )%s p)a%s se ase+(rar,"%!ra "(a)*(#er 'esp)aa>#e!% p%r >e'#% 'e a)a>;re 'e @#err% re"%+#'% ? ")#pes a'e"(a'%se )as #!erse""#%es. E) re"(;r#>#e!% 'e )a ar>a'(ra se )%+rar, p%r >e'#% 'e espa"#a'%res'e "%"re!% !#p% a#))% %!ra %r>a *(e !e+a ( ,rea >#>a 'e "%!a"!% "% e) e"%ra'%.

E'erea>#e!% Re'%;)a'%

N% se per>#!#r, re'%;)a'%6 # e'erea>#e!% e e) a"er% %;!e#'% e ;ase a !%rs#%a'% %!ra se>e


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E a"er% "%=e"#%a)6 )as ;arras % 'e;er, e'erearse # =%)=erse a '%;)ar e %r>a !a)*(e e) >a!er#a) sea 'aa'%.


SISTEMA DE CONTROL DE CALIDAD

Sera e"esar#% =er#$"ar )a "a)#'a' 'e )%s >a!er#a)es "% )a a'e"(a'a "er!#$"a"#? 'e) a"er%'e;#e'% es!a ser 'e "a)#'a' "%>pr%;a'a6 'e;#e'% "(>p)#r )as %r>as a!es >e"#%a'as )a res#s!e"#a a )a !ra""#? >#>a.

De ser e"esar#% e) re(er% 'e )%s e)e>e!%s6 se "%)%"ar, e )as p%s#"#%es espe"#$"a'as e)%s p)a%s "% (a !%)era"#a e p%s#"#? )%+#!('#a) 'e '%;)e"es eH!re>%s 'e =ar#))as 'eQ/- >>.

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA

Es!a par!#'a 'e a"er%6 se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e #)%+ra>% X+6 "%s#'era'% e) )ar+% p%r e)

espes%r 'e "a'a =ar#))a a e>p)earse6 % s(>a'% p%r par!es 'e )a >#s>a para 'ar ( !%!a). E)"%>p(!% 'e) pes% 'e )a ar>a'(ra #")(#r, )as )%+#!('es 'e )as ;arras *(e =a e>p%!ra'ase %!r%s e)e>e!%s.


E) pa+% se ee"!(ar, a) pre"#% (#!ar#% 'e) pres(p(es!% p%r X+ e!e'#&'%se *(e '#"@%pre"#% pa+% "%s!#!(#r, "%>pesa"#? "%>p)e!a para !%'a )a >a% 'e %;ra6 e*(#p%6@erra>#e!as 'e>,s "%"ep!%s *(e "%>p)e!a es!a par!#'a.

-0&-.01.0&.0& COLUMNAS

-0&-.01.0&.0&.01 CONCRETO J*10 e",#"a 'e!r% 'e) "(a) se '#sp%'r, )as ar>a'(ras 'e a"er% 'ea"(er'% a )%s p)a%s 'e es!r("!(ra.

L%s !ra;a2 e )%s )(+ares'es!#a'%s a re(er%s 'e )as es!r("!(ras. E es!e "as% )as "%)(>as s%;re )%s espa"#%s'es!#a'%s a es!e !#p% 'e %;ra6 pre=#% e"%ra'% 'e )%s >#s>%s.

L%s a+re+a'%s ser, se+ )% espe"#$"a'% a!er#%r>e!e

E) e*(#p% ;,s#"% para )a epa!#;)es "% )a +ra()%>e!ra pr%'(""#? 'esea'a.

M,*(#as >e")a'%ras.

P D#s!r#;(#'%r 'e a+re+a'%.

#;ra!%r#as para "%"re!%.

10 E*(#p% @erra>#e!as >e%res pa)as6 p#"%s6 ;(++#es6 e!".

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA

Es!a par!#'a 'e >e'#r, e Me!r% C;#"% MK


E) "%"re!% p%'r, =a"#arse '#re"!a>e!e e "%"re!% e )as "%)(>as s#e>pre "(a'% es!ases!& ;#e e"%ra'as. V#"a>e!e se pr%"e'er, a) =a"#a'% "(a'% se @aa =er#$"a'% )a


39/143



eHa"!#!(' 'e) e"%ra'%6 "%>% pr%'("!% 'e ( "%rre"!% rep)a!e%6 e) ;a!#'% 'e &s!%s>a!er#a)es se @ar, (!#)#a'% >e")a'%ra >e",#"a6 'e;#e'% ee"!(arse es!as %pera"#%esp%r )% >#>% '(ra!e 1 >#(!% p%r "ar+a.

S?)% p%'r, e>p)earse a+(a p%!a;)e % a+(a )#>p#a 'e ;(ea "a)#'a'6 )#;re 'e #>p(rea *(ep(e'a 'aar e) "%"re!%.


M'()*)+

E) "%"re!% ar>a'% e "%)(>as se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C;#"% MK6 "%s#'era'% e))ar+% p%r e) a"@% p%r e) a)!% 'e )a par!#'a ee'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;aa!er#a)es6 >a% 'e %;ra6 E*(#p%s @erra>#e!as6 as "%>%

%!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;a##s!r%6 eas6 )%s a)a>;res *(e se e>p)ea paraa>arrar )%s e"%ra'%s % 'e;er, 'e a!ra=esar )as "aras 'e) "%"re!% *(e *(e'aeHp(es!as e )a %;ra !er>#a'a.

L%s !ra;aa 'e a"(er'% a )as '#>es#%es re*(er#'as.

L%s e"%ra'%s ser, '#sea'%s para res#s!#r "% se+(r#'a' !%'as )as "ar+as #>p(es!as p%r s(pes% pr%p#%6 e) pes% e>p(e!e >a'era para e"%ra'% a"#%a) % s#>#)ar6 >a'era 'e pr#>era"a)#'a'6 se"a6 !ra!a'a @a;#)#!a'a6 'ere"@a s# ('%s % s(e)!%s6 raa'era e>p)ea'a 'e;er, es!ar "%>p)e!a>e!e se"a6 pr%!e+#'a 'e) s%) 'e )a ))(=#a!%'% e) !#e>p% *(e sea e"esar#%.

T%'%s )%s e)e>e!%s se "e#r, eHa"!a>e!e a )%s "%r!es6 'e!a))es >e'#'as #'#"a'%s e )%sp)a%s6 e!e'#&'%se *(e e))%s "%rresp%'e a '#>es#%es 'e %;ra !er>#a'a % a>a'era e ;r(!%.

E) e*(#p% ;,s#"% para )a e#e!as >e%res>ar!#))%s6 s#erra % serr("@%6 "%r!a $err%6 e!".

UNIDAD DE MEDIDA

Es!a par!#'a se >e'#r, e Me!r%s C(a'ra'%s M2PROCEDIMIENTO CONSTRUCTIVO

E*/J3(/


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E) '#se% 'e) e"%ra'% as "%>% s( "%s!r(""#? ser, 'e "(e!a resp%sa;#)#'a' 'e)e%s6 espe"#$"a'%s p%r e)Re+)a>e!% Na"#%a) 'e E'#$"a"#%es.

E) e"%ra'% 'e;er, ser a'e"(a'a>e!e (er!e6 r+#'% '(ra;)e para s%p%r!ar !%'%s )%ses(er%s *(e se #>p%+a para per>#!#r !%'as )as %pera"#%es #@ere!es a) ))ea'% "%>pa"!a"#? 'e) "%"re!% s# s(r#r #+(a 'e%r>a"#? 'e YeH#? % 'a%s *(e p%'raae"!ar )a "a)#'a' 'e) !ra;apr%p#as para es!e !#p% 'e !ra;aaera *(e % es"ape e) >%r!er% p%r )as (#%es e )a>a'era % >e!a) "(a'% e) "%"re!% sea ))ea'%. C(a)*(#er "a)aa!e% *(e sea e"esar#% ser,ee"!(a'% "% >a!er#a)es 'e;#'a>e!e apr%;a'%s.

L%s e"%ra'%s 'e;er, =er#$"arse a!es 'e "%>ear e) =a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!%6 'e;#e'% 'e"%>pr%;ar s( res#s!e"#a para )as s%)#"#!a"#%es 'e "ar+a a )%s *(e ser, s%>e!#'%s.

La s(per$"#e #!er#%r 'e !%'%s )%s e"%ra'%s ser, )#>p#a'a a "%"#e"#a 'e !%'a s("#e'a'6+rasa >%r!er% ( %!ras >a!er#as eH!raas ser, "(;#er!a "% pe!r?)e% para a"#)#!ar e)'ese"%ra'% *(e % >a"@e e) "%"re!% a!es *(e es!e sea =a"#a'% e )%s e"%ra'%s a!es 'e "%)%"ar e) a"er% 'e re(er%.

L%s e"%ra'%s ser, '#sea'%s para res#s!#r "% se+(r#'a' !%'as )as "ar+as #>p(es!as p%r s(pes% pr%p#%6 e) pes% e>p(a'esea'a "% se+(r#'a'.

L%s e"%ra'%s 'e;e ser arr#%s!ra'%s "%!ra )as YeH#%es )a!era)es. L%s !#ra!es 'e )%se"%ra'%s 'e;e ser @e"@%s 'e !a) >aera *(e )%s !er>#a)es p(e'a ser re>%=#'%s s#"a(sar as!#))a'(ras e )as "apas 'e "%"re!%: Desp(&s *(e )as )#+a'(ras @aa s#'%re>%=#'as.

D':'*/J3(/

T%'%s )%s >a!er#a)es ser, 'ese"%ra'%s e e) !#e>p% e"esar#% "%>% >#>% '%s 'as 'e>aera *(e % p%+a e pe)#+r% )a se+(r#'a' 'e) "%"re!% % 'ae s( s(per$"#e.

C(a)*(#er 'a% "a(sa'% a) "%"re!% e e) 'ese"%ra'% ser, repara'% p%r "(e!a 'e)C%!ra!#s!a.

ara ase+(rar ( a'e"(a'% "%>p%r!a>#e!% es!r("!(ra) 'e) "%"re!%6 )%s e"%ra'%s6 'e;eper>ae"er @as!a *(e e) "%"re!% a'*(#era )a res#s!e"#a s($"#e!e para s%p%r!ar "%se+(r#'a' )as "ar+as e=#!ar )a %"(rre"#a 'e 'eYeH#%es per>ae!es % pre=#s!as6 as"%>% para res#s!#r 'a%s >e!,)#"%s !a)es "%>% *(#a'(ras 'esp%s!#))a>#e!%s.

Las %r>as 'e;er, re!#rarse 'e >aera *(e se ase+(re )a "%>p)e!a #'e%r>a;#)#'a' 'e )a

es!r("!(ra. E +eera)6 )as %r>as % 'e;er, *(#!arse @as!a *(e e) "%"re!% se @aae'(re"#'% s($"#e!e>e!e "%>% para s%p%r!ar "% se+(r#'a' s( pr%p#% pes% )%s pes%ss(perp(es!%s *(e p(e'a "%)%"arse s%;re &). Las %r>as % 'e;er, *(#!arse s# per>#s% 'e)


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e "(a)*(#er "as%6 es!as 'e;er, 'ee%s e) !#e>p% "%!a'% 'es'e )ae"@a 'e) =a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!%.

C(a'% se @aa a(>e!a'% )a res#s!e"#a 'e) "%"re!% p%r '#se% 'e >e")as % a'#!#=%s6 )%s!#e>p%s 'e 'ese"%ra'% p%'r, ser >e%res pre=#a apr%;a"#? 'e) Ispe"!%r.

C/23/ T*)*/

C%!r%) T&"#"% 'e )%s >a!er#a)es (!#)#a'%s e e) pr%e"!%.

Es!e "%!r%) "%>pre'e )as pr(e;as par,>e!r%s para =er#$"ar )as "%'#"#%es 'e )%s>a!er#a)es *(e ser, (!#)#a'%s p%r >e'#% 'e pr(e;as 'e res#s!e"#a 'e )a >a'era para e)e"%ra'%:

De;er, ser a'e"(a'a>e!e (er!e6 r+#'% '(ra;)e para s%p%r!ar !%'%s )%s es(er%s *(e se#>p%+a para per>#!#r !%'as )as %pera"#%es #@ere!es a) ))ea'% "%>pa"!a"#? 'e)"%"re!% s# s(r#r #+(a 'e%r>a"#? 'e YeH#? % 'a%s *(e p%'ra ae"!ar )a "a)#'a''e) !ra;aa 'esea'a "% se+(r#'a'6 )as *(e 'e;er, es!ar 'e a"(er'% a )% '#sp(es!% p%r e)Cap!()% I 'e) ACI K1P-PK 'e;er, +(ar'ar re)a"#? "% )as '#>es#%es 'e )%s p)a%s.

T'38)(/

Las "%'#"#%es 'e !er>#a'% 'e )a s(per$"#e 'e;e ser =er#$"a'as =#s(a)>e!e. E) aspe"!%

=#s(a) 'e;e >%s!rar )%s e"%ra'%s r+#'%s6 )#>p#%s pareaera *(e % eH#s!a 'eYeH#%es *(e "a(se'esa)#ea>#e!%s6 e)e>e!%s 'es#=e)a'%s 'e pe)#+r% e e) >%>e!% 'e) =a"#a'% 'e)"%"re!%.

B:(/ ' ' C/23/ G'/823)*/

L%s e"%ra'%s 'e;er, "e#rse a )a %r>a '#>es#%es #'#"a'as e )%s p)a%s ser, )%s($"#e!e>e!e @er>&!#"%s "%>% para e=#!ar )a p&r'#'a 'e) "%"re!%6 % se per>#!#r, "ar+as'e '#se%6 # se per>#!#r, *(e #+ e)e>e!% 'e )as es!r("!(ras e "%s!r(""#? sea"ar+a'% # re>%=#'% e s(s p(!a)es a % ser *(e '#"@% e)e>e!% !e+a )a s($"#e!eres#s!e"#a para "%ser=ar s( pes% pr%p#% )a s%;re"ar+a 'e ser=#"#%. Es!a res#s!e"#a 'e;e'e>%s!rarse p%r >e'#% 'e esa%s 'e pr%;e!as 'e ( a,)#s#s es!r("!(ra).


M'()*)+

E) e"%ra'% 'ese"%ra'% 'e "%)(>as6 se >e'#r, p%r (#'a' 'e Me!r% C(a'ra'% M26

"%s#'era'% e) )ar+% p%r e) a"@% % e) a)!% 'e )a par!#'a e


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E) pa+% se @a"e p%r )a >e'#"#? 'e )%s !ra;a%%!r%s +as!%s e=e!(a)es *(e se re*(#era para !er>#ar )%s !ra;ae!% es!r("!(ra) 'e"%)(>as.

L%s !ra;a#e!%s espe"#$"a'%s e )%s p)a%s. E) re(er%'e;er, ase+(rarse 'e >aera *(e '(ra!e e) =a"#a'% % se pr%'("a 'esp)aa>#e!%s *(es%;repase )as !%)era"#as per>#s#;)es.

La "%)%"a"#? 'e )a ar>a'(ra ser, ae"!a'a e es!r#"!% a"(er'% "% )%s p)a%s se ase+(rar,"%!ra "(a)*(#er 'esp)aa>#e!% p%r >e'#% 'e a)a>;re 'e @#err% re"%+#'% ? ")#pes a'e"(a'%s

e )as #!erse""#%es. E) re"(;r#>#e!% 'e )a ar>a'(ra se )%+rar, p%r >e'#% 'e espa"#a'%res'e "%"re!% !#p% a#))% %!ra %r>a *(e !e+a ( ,rea >#>a 'e "%!a"!% "% e) e"%ra'%.

C/23/ T*)*/

A8*'5' 9 L)8@)'Q

Las =ar#))as 'e a"er% se a)>a"ear, (era 'e) "%!a"!% "% e) s(e)%6 preer#;)e>e!e"(;#er!%s se >a!e'r, )#;res 'e !#erra s("#e'a'6 a"e#!e6 % +rasa. A!es 'e s( "%)%"a"#?e )a es!r("!(ra6 e) re(er% >e!,)#"% 'e;er, )#>p#arse 'e es"a>as 'e )a>#a'%6 %H#'% "(a)*(#er "apa *(e p(e'e re'("#r s( a'@ere"#a.

C(a'% @aa 'e>%ra e e) =a"#a'% 'e) "%"re!%6 e) re(er% se re#spe""#%ar, se

'e=%)=er, a )#>p#ar "(a'% sea e"esar#%.

D/4(/ (' R'J6'3Q/

T%'% e) re(er% 'e;er, '%;)arse e r%. E) re(er% par"#a)>e!e e>;e;#'% 'e!r% 'e)"%"re!% % 'e;e '%;)arse6 eH"ep!% "(a'% as se #'#*(e e )%s p)a%s 'e '#se% % )%a(!%r#"e e) r%e"!#s!a. N% se per>#!#r, e\ '%;)a'% 'e) re(er%. L%s '#,>e!r%s "%s#'era'%ss% )%s s#+(#e!es:

DIAMETRO ARILLA RADIO MINIMO.

K/P a /P 2. '#,>e!r%s 'e =ar#))a

K/4 a 1 K.0 '#,>e!r%s 'e =ar#))a

Ma%res 'e 1 4.0 '#,>e!r%s 'e =ar#))a


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T/'3*).

E) re(er% se "%)%"ar, e )as p%s#"#%es espe"#$"a'as e )%s p)a%s "% )as s#+(#e!es!%)era"#as:

D ] 0 ">. % >e%s Q- >>.

D ] >a%r 'e 0 ">. Q- 1K >>.

%s#"#? )%+#!('#a) 'e '%;)e"es eH!re>%s 'e =ar#))as Q- >>.

G*/ E:2(3

K E ;arras )%+#!('#a)es:

D%;)e 'e 1P03 >,s (a eH!es#? >#>a 'e 4 ';6 per% % >e%r 'e. ">. a) eH!re>% )#;re 'e )a;arra.

D%;)e 'e 03 >,s (a eH!es#? >#>a 'e 12 '; a) eH!re>% )#;re 'e )a ;arra.

P E) '#,>e!r% 'e '%;)e >e'#'% a )a "ara #!er#%r 'e )a ;arra % 'e;er, ser >e%r a :

Barras ^ K/P a ^ 1 ';

Barras ^ 1 1/P a ^ 1 K/P P ';

4 E Es!r#;%s:

D%;)e 'e 1K3 >,s (a eH!es#? >#>a 'e 10 '; a) eH!re>% )#;re 'e )a ;arra. E e)e>e!%s *(e% res#s!e a""#%es ss>#"as6 "(a'% )%s es!r#;%s % se re*(#era p%r "%$a>#e!%6 e)'%;)e p%'r, ser 'e 03 % 1K3 >,s (a eH!es#? 'e ';.

10 E) '#,>e!r% 'e '%;)e >e'#'% a )a "ara #!er#%r 'e )a ;arra % 'e;er, ser >e%r a :Es!r#;%s ^ K/P a ^ /P 4 ';

Es!r#;%s ^ K/4 ^ >a%res ';

E('3'Q8)'2/ 9 R'(/4(/

N% se per>#!#r, re'%;)a'%6 # e'erea>#e!% e e) a"er% %;!e#'% e ;ase a !%rs#? ( %!rase>ea !a)*(e e) >a!er#a) sea 'aa'%.


L>8)2': (' ':@*)8)'2/ (' 3'J6'3Q/

E) espa"#a>#e!% )#;re e!re ;arras para)e)as 'e (a "apa 'e;er, ser >a%r % #+(a) a s('#,>e!r%6 2. "> % 1.K =e"es e) !a>a% >,H#>% %>#a) 'e) a+re+a'% +r(es%.

C/23/ (' E5'*6*)+

La pr#"#pa) a"!#=#'a' para e) "%!r%) 'e )%s !ra;aa!er#a)es.

E )a %pera"#? 'e "ar+a.


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