Ensayo de Materiales Prática 1

8/18/2019 Ensayo de Materiales Prática 1

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UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DEL ECUADOR

FACULTAD DE INGENIERÍA, CIENCIAS FÍSICAS Y MATEMÁTICA

ESCUELA DE INGENIERÍA CIVIL

ENSAYO DE MATERIALES I

TEMA:EQUIPOS DE ENSAYO DE MATERIALES DEL LABORATIORIO DE LA

FACULTAD DE INGENIERIA, CIENCIAS FISICAS Y MATEMATICA

NUMERO DE INFORME:INFORME n° 01

AUTORES: NÚÑEZ PUGARÍN VÍCTOR ANDR S

REVELO IMBAQUINGO EVELYN PATRICIA

NIVEL:TERCER SEMESTRE PARALELO! "#$

FEC%A DE REALIZACION DE LA PRÁCTICA! 'S()*+( -.('&01/FEC%A DE ENTREGA DE INFORME! #0'S()*+( -.('&01/

DOCENTE! ING LUIS MORALES

GRUPO

M+ .234(5 #0'10'&1/ 1#!00 )

SEPTIEMBRE &01/ 6 FEBRERO &017


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1. INTRODUCCIÓN

E4 23n32+ +(n*3 -85+23 9( 435 (:;+)35 < =:;+n=5 (>+5*(n*(5 (n (4 4=-3.=*3.+3 9(En5=


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2. OBJETIVOS

General:

• C3n32(. 4=5 9+ (.(n*(5 8:;+n=5 :;( 5( (n2;(n*.=n (n (4 4=-3.=*3.+3 9(

En5=


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%.2. M )*#na ,e ,*re3a ,e R$ 45ell De"#n# #/n

E5*= 8:;+n= 9(*(. +n= 4= 9;.( = (n 3. = =;*3 8*+2=, =4 =)4+2=. 4= (52=4=< 2=.?= 5(4(22+3n=9=, )=.= ).39;2+. ;n= +n9(n*=2+ n 23n ;n )(n(*.=93. (5 (.3 2 n+23 9( 9+= =n*( H23n3 9( 1&0 < );n*= (5 .+2= 9( 0 & J 323n 9( ;n= (5 (.= 9( =2(.3 9;.3 9( 1'17$ 9( 9+8 (*.3

L= 8:;+n= +9( =;*3 8*+2= (n*( 4= 9+ (.(n2+= 9( ).3 ;n9+9=9 9( )(n(*.=2+ n *3*=4 < 4= (>).(5= (n (4 )=n(4 .3n*=4 9+?+*=4, 23 3 (4 =43. 9(4= 9;.( = 9(4 =*(.+=4

F*n #$na0#en $

P=.= 23n32(. 5+ 4= 8:;+n= 9( 9;.( = -.+n9= 9=*35 23n +=-4(5 9( 9;.( =, 5(.(=4+ = 4= 2=4+-.=2+ n 23n ;n )=*. n 9( 9;.( = ).3)+3 9( 4= 8:;+n= E5*( )=*. n *+(n( 2(.*+ +2=2+3n(5 +n*(.n=2+3n=4(5 (>)(9+9=5 )3. =-.+2=n*(5 34=-3.=*3.+35 9( ).(5*+?+3 Un= ( .(=4+ =9= 4= 2=4+-.=2+ n < 5(4(22+3n=9=4= .(?+ n 3 5;)(. +2+( 9( (9+2+ n 9( 9;.( =, 4= 2;=4 9(-(.8 5(. ;n=5;)(. +2+( =:;+n=9=K )4=n=K )=.=4(4= < 23 )4(*= (n*( (>(n*= 9( )35+-4(59( (2*35 5;)(. +2+=4(5 S( .(=4+ = 4= (9+2+ n 9( 4= 9;.( = )3. 4= =)4+2=2+ n9( ;n= 2=.?= +n+2+=4 9( 10 +435 9(n3 +n=9= ).( 2=.?= < 9(5); 5 5(23 )4(*= 4= 2=.?= *3*=4, 2;


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%.%. M )*#na ,e #0pa $ ,e 16- 47 De"#n# #/n

E5*= 8:;+n= 5( ;5= ).+n2+)=4 (n*( )=.= (*=4(5, 235*= 9( ;n= )=4=n2=(*84+2= :;( ;n2+3n= 23 3 ) n9;43 < 2 32= 23n (4 =*(.+=4 9( ).;(-=

)=.= )39(. 23n32(. 4= (n(.?@= :;( (4 =*(.+=4 =-53.-( =5*= 4= .3*;.=

F*n #$na0#en $

D;.=n*( (4 (n5=


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%.8. M )*#na ,e T$rs#/n De"#n# #/n

L= 8:;+n= 9( *3.5+ n, (5*8 9(5*+n=9= = 5(. ;5=9= (n 435 L=-3.=*3.+35 9(En5=


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+n .=(5*.;2*;.=, );(9( 39(4=. (>)(.+ (n*=4 (n*( (4 ( (2*3 9( 435 5+5 3553-.( (5*.;2*;.=5 = (52=4= .(9;2+9=

F*n #$na0#en $

S( + = 4= +n .=(5*.;2*;.= = (52=4= 53-.( 4= (5= +-.=93.= (n 93n9( 435=2*;=93.(5 9( 5*=, )=.(2+935 = 435 ?=*35 +9.8;4+235 :;( 5( ;*+4+ =n (n ;n232 (, ;n2+3n=n 23n 4;+93 +9.8;4+23 T3935 (5*8n 5; (*35 = 4= )4=*= 3. =, 9( *=4 =n(.= :;( 2;=n93 5( +n*.39;2( ;n 23 =n93 9(

3 + +(n*3 (n 4= 23 );*=93.= 5( 9(5)4= =n 9( =2;(.93 23n (4 9=*3 :;( 5(4(5 +n9+2

Ma er#ales )*e se p*e,en ensa ar

M39(435 9( + +(n9=5, (9+ +2+35, *( )435 ( +n .=(5*.;2*;.= = )(:;( =(52=4=

%. . Balan3a O;AUS DE 2- 47 De"#n# #/n

E5 ;n= -=4=n = (28n+2= 9( 93-4( +?= 23n ;n= 2=)=2+9=9 8>+ = 9( &0? < 4(2*;.= 9( 1 ? Un= )4=2= +n9+2=93.= 9( 93-4( 2=.= )(. +*( (4 )(5= (.3n*=4 < )35*(.+3. L= -=5( < 4= +?= (5*8n 23n5*.;+9=5 9( =4; +n+3 ;n9+93

*(. +n=93 23n ;n= +n= 2=)= () >+2= Un= *=.= =5(?;.=9= < = 3.*+?;=2+ n=?n *+2= =; (n*=n 4= (432+9=9 9(4 ).32(53 9( )(5= ( L(2*;.=5 9( =5*=

1100 ?.= 35 );(9(n *3 =.5( 9+.(2*= (n*( 9( 4=5 935 +?=5 < (4 5(* 9(=5=5 .=n;.=9=5 )(. +*(n 4= (>*(n5+ n = &0 ? 9( 2=)=2+9=9 9( )(5= (

F*n #$na0#en $

L= -=4=n = 5( ;*+4+ = )=.= (9+. 4= =5= 9( ;n 2;(.)3 3 5;5*=n2+= 3*= -+ n (4 )(53 9( 435 +5 35, 9=93 :;( (n*.( =5= < )(53 (>+5*( ;n=.(4=2+ n -+(n 9( +n+9=. En (4 4=-3.=*3.+3 5( ;*+4+ = 4= -=4=n = )=.= ( (2*;=. =2*+ +9=9(5 9( 23n*.34 9( 2=4+9=9623n 9+5)35+*+ 35 23 3 4=5 )+)(*=56, )=.= ).()=.=. ( 24=5 9( 23 )3n(n*(5 (n ).3)3.2+3n(5 ).(9( +n+9=5 < )=.= 9(*(. +n=. 9(n5+9=9(5 3 )(535 (5)(2@ +235.



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;5*= (n*( (5*= -=4=n = (5 )=.= 935+ +2=. 4= ( 24= 9( 9+ (.535 =*(.+=4(5,(n (5*( 2=53 );(9(n 5(. =9+*+ 35, .+)+3, =.(n=, 2( (n*3, =?;=, < =*(.+=4(59( 435 :;( 5( 9(5(( 5=-(. 5; )(53

%.


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(n 4+-.=5 ;*+4+ =9=5 )=.= 4;?=.(5 23 (.2+=4(5 (n =4?;n35 2=535, (n 3*.35 (n+n9;5*.+=5 :;( .(:;+(.(n )(5=. ?.=n9(5 3- (*35

F*n #$na0#en $

S( 23432= 53-.( 4= )4=*= 3. = 9( 4= -=4=n = (4 *+)3 9( =*(.+=4 :;(9(5(= 35 )(5=. < 5( 3-5(. =n 4=5 =n(2+44=5 9( 4= +5 =, (9+9= (n 4+-.=53 ?


S( )39.8n ;*+4+ =. 435 +5 35 =*(.+=4(5 :;( 4=5 9( 85 -=4=n =5 (n(>+5*(n*(5 (n (4 4=-3.=*3.+3

%.?. M )*#na ,e $0pres#/n ,e 1-- $nela,as De"#n# #/nL= 8:;+n= )=.= (n5=


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E4 ).+n2+)=4 =*(.+=4 = (n5=


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23n5*.;22+ n )(. +*( = 4= ?(n*( =2(. 5; *.=-= 3 ;2 3 85 82+4 < 5+nn+n?;n3 9( 435 ).3-4( =5 ;5;=4(5 =532+=935 23n (4 3. +? n

Ma er#ales a ensa arEn (44= 5( 23432=n 435 =?.(?=935 )=.= 4= (4=-3.=2+ n 9(4 23n2.(*3 23 3=.(n=, ?.= =, )+(9.=, (n*.( 3*.35

Gr "# $

%.12. M )*#na ,e l$s @n7eles De"#n# #/n

E5*= 8:;+n= )(. +*( 9(*(. +n=. 4= .(5+5*(n2+= 9( 435 );n*35 9(

23n*=2*3 9( ;n =?.(?=93 =4 9(5?=5*(


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%.1%. M )*#na a0#3a,$ra De"#n# #/n

En 2;=4:;+(. ).3


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=9(.=, 3. +? n, 2(.8 +2=, 2=;2 3, )485*+23 < ;2 35 3*.35=*(.+=4(5

F*n #$na0#en $E4 5+5*( = 9( 8:;+n=5 9( 2=.?= +9.8;4+2= 9+5)3n( 9( ;n= = )4+=?= = 9( 23n*.34 9( 4=5 (432+9=9(5 9( 2=.?= < 435 )(. +535 5+n ).3-4( =5 ).+n2+)=4(5 Un= 84 ;4= 5(. 3 (4(2*.3 +9.8;4+2= 23n*.34=23n ).(2+5+ n 4= (432+9=9 9( 4; 3 9( =2(+*( = ).(5+ n -3 -(=9= )3. ;n= -3 -= 9( 2=.?= :;( =4+ (n*= (4 2+4+n9.3 9( 2=.?=

Un= 2=.?= =)4+2=9= = ;n= ;(5*.= 5( 9(*(2*= 23 3 ;n 2= -+3 9( ).(5+ n 9( =2(+*( (n (4 2+4+n9.3 9( 2=.?= < 5( *.=9;2( (n ;n= 5( =4 9(

34*= ( 9( ;n= 2(49= 9( ).(5+ n 9( =4*= ).(2+5+ n < = )4+ +2=93. 9( =4*3.(n9+ +(n*3 E5*= 5( =4 =n=4 ?+2= 5( 23n +(.*( (n ;n= 5( =4 9+?+*=4, :;(5( 2=42;4= (n * . +n35 9( 4= (52=4= 23 )4(*= P3. 43 *=n*3, (4 5+5*( = 9(

(9+2+ n 9( 4= 2=.?= ).3)3.2+3n= 4= 9+?+*=4+ =2+ n 9( 9(5)4=


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S( 23432= (4 =93:;@n (n 4= 8:;+n= < 5( ).32(9( = 23 ).+ +.43 Ma er#ales a ensa ar

E4 =*(.+=4 = (n5=


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%.1


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%.1>. A er$ ,e re"*er3$

De"#n# #/n

E4 =2(.3 9( .( ;(. 3 (5 =:;(4 :;( 5( 23432= )=.= =-53.-(. < .(5+5*+. (5 ;(. 35 ).3 32=935 )3. 2=.?=5 < 2= -+35 34; *.+235 )3. *( )(.=*;.= < )=.= :;(9=. = 3?=93 9(n*.3 9( 4= =5= 9(4 23n2.(*3 E4=2(.3 9( .( ;(. 3 (5 4= =.+44= 23..;?=9= 3 4+5=K =9( 85 9( 435 *3.3n(5 <2=-4(5 ;*+4+ =935 )=.= ).(*(n5=935 < )35 *(n5=935

F*n #$na0#en $E4 =2(.3 9( .( ;(. 3 (5 4= =.+44= 23..;?=9= 3 4+5=K =9( 85 9( 435*3.3n(5 < 2=-4(5 ;*+4+ =935 )=.= ).(*(n5=935 < )35 *(n5=935 E4 =2(.3 9(.( ;(. 3 (5 4= =.+44= 23..;?=9= 3 4+5=K =9( 85 9( 435 *3.3n(5 < 2=-4(5;*+4+ =935 )=.= ).(*(n5=935 < )35 *(n5=935

Gr "# $

%.1?. Es)*ele $ ,e *n e,#"# #$ General#,a,es

En (4 4=-3.=*3.+3 9( En5=


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8. (ROCEDIMIENTO• R(=4+ =. ;n .(23..+93 )3. (4 4=-3.=*3.+3 9( (n5=)4+2=2+3n(5 .(=4+ =9=5 )3. (4

*;*3.• R(=4+ =. (4 .(5)(2*+ 3 +n 3. ( 9( 4=5 =:;+n=5 9(4 4=-3.=*3.+3 9(

(n5=


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?(n(.= 935 ;(. =5 3);(5*=5Mesa V#9ra $r#a • P(. +*( 5+ ;4=. 2 3 5( 23 )3.*= ;n=

(5*.;2*;.= (4=-3.=9= = (52=4=5 =n*(;(. =5 5@5 +2=5

• P(. +*( ;n =n84+5+5 4+n(=4 < n3 4+n(=4Balan3a O;AUS DE 2- 47 • E5 ;< ).(2+5=

• R(5+5*( ;n )(53 8>+ 3 9( &0 ?• P(. +*( )(5=. =*(.+=4(5 23 3

3. +? nBalan3a Me# ler=T$le,$ ,e 1-- 47 • E5 ;< ).(2+5=

• R(5+5*( ;n )(53 8>+ 3 9( 100 ?• P(. +*( )(5=. =*(.+=4(5 23 3

3. +? nBalan3a DUROS 6-- 47 • E5 ;< ).(2+5=

• R(5+5*( ;n )(53 8>+ 3 9( /00 ?• P(. +*( )(5=. =*(.+=4(5 23 3

3. +? nM )*#na ,e $0pres#/n ,e 1--

$nela,as• P(. +*( (n5=


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&0>&0M )*#na ,e C$0pres#/n ,eA,$)*#nes

• En (44= 5( );(9( (n5=


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**)!''34+ )+= 2;=;*+*4=n& ;n= >')=?+n=]+n?(n+(.+=' (2=n+2=' =*' =*] (2' 1'9+5(n3](4( (n*35 &09( &0 =:;+n=5 )9

M )*#na ,e T$rs#/n

**)!'' 3n3?.= +=5 23 '*.=-= 35/1'(n5= C$ns r* #$nes a pr*e9a

,e s#s0$s en la Mesa V#9ra,$ra

Balan3a O;AUS DE 2- 47 **)!'' ; -349* ? 23 '9+?+*=4 2=*=43?'S)=n+5 '2=*=43?

)9 'P=?( &0& 1 )9 Balan3a Me# ler=T$le,$ ,e 1-- 47

**)!'' ).(2+5+3n)(.; 23 '=)4+2=*+3n' (-.33*')9 5')(5= ('1B=4=n =] 39(43]BBA&&1 PDF

M )*#na ,e $0pres#/n ,e 1-- $nela,as**)!''*(5*(.5;))4< (5'# & 23n2.(*( 23 ).(55+3n *(5*+n?=2 +n( * 4

M )*#na C$n re ara **)!'' (2;.(9 2;'+n9(> ) )'M( 24=93.=]9(]C( (n*3

M )*#na ,e l$s @n7eles**)!''


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M )*#na ,e C$0pres#/n ,e A,$)*#nes **)!'' 95)=2( ;2( (9; (2'-+*5*.(= '&/000'# 7'1'T UCE

0011 1 )9

M )*#na ,e #0pa $**)!''23)(.n+23 (52;(4=+n? (9; 23'4)+n+44=' ').3*32345'MAT

E'PROTOCOLO &0IMPACTO )9 **)!''5)=n+5 =4+-=-= 23 ').39;2* ?5')(n9;4; + )=2*

*(5*+n? =2 +n( =5 )(. =5* 5*=n9=.9 107 & 1\1 * 4

M )*#na ,e ensa $ ,e T*9$ **)!'' 23n5*.; =*+2= 23 '23n5*.;)(9+='En5=

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Ensayo de Materiales Prática 1