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Halliburton Sperry-Sun
I ENCONTRO DE ENGENHARIA DE EXPLORAÇÃO E PRODUÇÃO DE
PETRÓLEO
UENF/CCT - LENEP
Perfuração Direcional - MWD - LWD
História da Sperry-Sun
1929 - Inicio da Sperry-Sun
1939 - Inicio da Baroid Logging Systems
1978 - Inicio da NL MWD em pesquisas.
1979 - Sperry-Sun inicia atividades de Directional
Drilling através da Cochran-Dean.
1980 - Sperry-Sun adquire a Russell Attitude Systems.
1981 - A NL Industries compra a Sperry-Sun.
1988 - Fusão estabelece a Sperry-Sun Drilling Services.
1994 - Fusão com a Dresser Industries, Inc.
1998 - Fusão Dresser / Halliburton.
Linha de Produtos e ServiçosSperry-Sun
Perfuração Direcional
MWD – LWD
Mud-Logging
Multilateral
Perfuração Direcional
1 - PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONALMOTORES DE FUNDO
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL MOTORES DE FUNDO
• PERMITEM A ROTAÇÃO DA BROCA SEM GIRAR A COLUNA DE PERFURAÇÃO
• SÃO ACIONADOS PELA PASSAGEM DE FLUÍDO DE PERFURAÇÃO PELO SEU INTERIOR
• A ROTAÇÃO E O TORQUE SÃO FUNÇÃO DA VAZÃO DE FLUÍDO
• SÃO FERRAMENTAS FUNDAMENTAIS PARA DESVIO DE POÇOS
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONALMÉTODOS DE DESVIO
• WHIPSTOCK
• MOTOR CONVENCIONAL C/ BENT SUB
• MOTOR STEERABLE
• ROTARY STEERABLE TOOLS
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONALMÉTODOS DE CONTROLE
TOTCOFERRAMENTA QUE MEDE SOMENTE A INCLINAÇÃO DO POÇO
FERRAMENTAS MAGNÉTICAS E GIROSCÓPICASMEDEM A INCLINAÇÃO E A DIREÇÃO DO POÇO
MWDFERRAMENTA QUE MEDE A INCLINAÇÃO E A DIREÇÃO DO POÇO DURANTE A PERFURAÇÃO
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL POÇOS DIRECIONAIS
• O ponto do reservatório aonde se deseja atingir não está na vertical da cabeça do poço.
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL POÇOS DIRECIONAIS
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL POÇOS HORIZONTAIS
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL POÇOS HORIZONTAIS
1 - PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL PROJETOS (“DESIGNER WELLS”)
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL POÇOS MULTILATERAIS
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL CONTROLE DE POÇOS BLOW OUT - SOLUÇÕES
• BLOW OUT DE ÓLEO OU ÁGUA :– TENTAR CIRCULAR FLUÍDO MAIS PESADO NO POÇO
• BLOW OUT DE GÁS :– MÉTODO MAIS EFICIENTE É A PERFURAÇÃO DE POÇO
DE ALÍVIO
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL
POSICIONAMENTO DO POÇO TEMPLATES
PERFURAÇÃO DIRECIONAL POSICIONAMENTO DO POÇO CLUSTER
MWDMeasurement While Drilling
Sperry-Sun MWD - Aplicações
• Perfuração Direcional.• Avaliações de Formações (substitui perfilagem cabo).
• Geosteering.• Perfilagem de poços horizontais.• Perfilagem de poços com grande afastamento.
Sperry-Sun MWD – História de Liderança
• Pioneira no método Short Collar• Primeira ferramenta de survey a cabo, 1968• Primeiro sensor comercial EWR®, 1983• Primeira ferramenta comercial de Neutron Porosity, 1986• Primeira ferramenta comercial Density Porosity, 1988• Primeira ferramenta comercial Resistividade com Multiplas
Profundidades de Investigação, 1992• Primeira ferramenta comercial 4-3/4” MWD Resistivity, 1994• Primeira ferramenta comercial Pressure While Drilling, 1995• Primeira ferramenta comercial Dipole Sonic, 1999
Sistemas de Measurement-While-Drilling
MWD
DWD (+)
(Dir, GR, PWD® service)3” to 9-1/2”
EM-MWD
(Dir, GR, PWD® service)3-1/2”, 4-3/4”, 6-1/2”
FEWD (-)
(Dir, GR, Res, Neu, Den,DDS™ sensor, ABI™ sensor6-3/4”, 8”, 9-1/2”
SOLAR 175™ tool
(Dir, GR, PWD® service)3-3/8 to 9-1/2”
Slim Phase 4® tool(Dir, GR, Res, Neu,Den, DDS™ sensor)4-3/4”
Slim Phase 4® tool(Dir, GR, Res, Neu,Den, DDS™ sensor)4-3/4”
MWD – Measurement While DrillingSurface
Computer
Poppet
MWD
Motor
NGP
PM
Impeller
Rig Floor Readout
MWD - Telemetry Systems
- Pulso Negativo – FEWD (LWD)
- Pulso Positivo – DWD (MWD)
- Eletromagnetico
Positive Pulse System
PulserGenerator
38"
Rotational Connector
TelemetryModule
32"
Interconnect
Centralizers
3" 3" 3"
End Cap
GammaModule
DirectionalModule
68" 62"
Negative Pulse System
Inclination & Highside Toolface
Inclination:Toolface:
Magnetic North
Earth’s Gravitational
Field
Vertical
Position Monitor Principle of Operation
Probe Axis
Accelerometer/Gravity
Magnetometer/Earth’s Field
ToolfaceAlignment
Inclination – Gx, Gy, GzAzimuth – Bx, By, BzToolface – Gx, Gy or Bx, By
Directional MeasurementsSurveying & Steering
• Measure tool’s orientation with respect to: Earth’s gravitational field
(triaxial accelerometers)
Earth’s magnetic field
(triaxial magnetometers)
• Compute: Inclination
Azimuth
Toolface (highside, magnetic)
Quad Combo Capability
• Gamma Ray - DGR
• Resistivity - EWR4
• Density - SLD
• Neutron - CNP
• Dipole Sonic – BAT
• Directional
FEWD Tool Combinations
53 Ft
EWR-PHASE 4™ sensor
12 Ft
Pulser X/O PM CIM
CN®
servicesensor
SLD®
servicesensor
EWR®
sensorDGR®
sensor
DGR® (Dual Gamma Ray) Sensor
Formation
Drill Collar
Gamma RayDetectors
K
Th
U
A B
FormationFormation
EWR-PHASE 4™ Sensor
1 MHzTransmitter
2 MHzTransmitters
NearReceiverFar
Receiver
MeasurePoint
12”12”6”6”6”
Sperry-Sun Porosity Tools
• Density Porosity– SLD (Stabilized Litho-Density)– 2nd Generation Density for Sperry– 3d Generation under development
• Neutron Porosity – CNP (6 3/4”, 8”) 1st Generation, introduced 1987
• 1st Generation, Geiger Mueller (GM) tubes
• Detect gamma rays from capture of thermal neutrons
– CTN (4 3/4”) introduced in 1997• 2nd generation, He3 proportional counters
• Direct detection of thermal neutrons
CNØ® Sensor Schematic
Near 1
Far Detector
Source
Drill Collar Near Detector Far Detector
Near Detector
Near 0 Far 1 Far 0
SLD™ (Stabilized Lithology Density) Tool
Cesium 137Source
Low DensityWindows
Stabilizer
TungstenShield
NearDetector
TungstenBore Liner
FarDetector
BAT Tool Description
Transmitters
Receivers
Wearband
Wearband
Isolation Rings
Bulk Isolators
• Tool sizes: 4 3/4”, 6 3/4”, 8”, & 9 1/2”
• 2 opposed transmitters (front and back)
• Dual frequency, dipole mode
• 14 receivers (7 front and 7 back)
• Static, Dynamic Inclination - 18” from bit• Acoustic Stress-Wave “Short-Hop”
At-Bit Sensors ABI (At-Bit Inclination)
PressureSleeve
Transmitter
BatteryPack
Lower MarineBearingUpper Half
• Motor RPM• Motor & Stand-Alone
Sub Configurations
• 6 1/2”, 6 3/4”, 8”, 9 5/8” sizes
On the Fly Inclination
80
85
90
95
5300 5500 5700 5900 6100 6300 6500
Pumps Off ABI Live ABI PM
P u mp s O ff R x In c
P M I
At-Bit SensorsABI (At-Bit Inclination)
Internal Gauge
Annular Gauge
Port
Port
PWD™ Sensor
SectionB-B
AnnularPort
Electronics Section
Transducer Section
Annular Pressure Gauge
B-BBroad Functional Specifications
• Standalone modular sub
• High accuracy ( 0.05%, 12psi) quartz pressure gauges
• Dual Transducer (Internal and Annulus measurements)
• Real-time, recorded, and pumps-off data. On pumps up, tool transmits avg, max, min pressure for Pumps off interval
• Operating to 175°C, 22,500psi
PWD Applications - Hole Cleaning
Bit Depth metres2600 2650 2700 2750 2800
Cuttings Load Kg/10secs0 7.5 15 22.5 30
Time
String Rotary rev per min0 75 150 225 300
Flow In litre per min0 750 1500 2250 3000
Equivalent Mud Weight
1.6 1.62 1.64 1.66 1.68 1.7
sg
12:30
13:00
13:30
14:00
14:30
15:00
15:30
16:00
16:30
17:00
17:30
18:00
18:30
19:00
19:30
20:00
20:30
21:00
21:30
22:00
22:30
SteeringECD 1.63sg
Rotary DrillECD 1.65sgChange Suction
Dampeners onPumps 1&2
Start of LongSteering Interval
ECD Drops asCuttings Fall out
of Suspension
ECD Increase as Cuttings are
Re-suspendedBegin Rotary Drilling
ECD Jumps due toPipe Rotation
Cuttings LoadAppears at Surface
ECD Decreases as Cuttings are Removed
from the Annulus
Innovative Services
- ADT
- LaserStrat
- Resolution 3D
- Stratasteer