qyrHvF sfl PARDES TIMES 13th year in Publication · 2019-05-22 · VOL- 13 No. 321 May 22, 2019 E-mali : [email protected] Ph 510-938-7771 Ph510-516-3536 (qyrHvF sfl PARDES TIMES

VOL- 13 No. 321 May 22, 2019 E-mali : [email protected] Ph 510-938-7771 Ph510-516-3536

(qyrHvF sfl PARDES TIMES

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13th year in Publication

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PARDES TIMES Issue- 321, Vol-13, May 22, 201902

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QfêIˆ sYwt ny ies qrfˆ nhIˆ ik Auh ibnfˆ dwsy iksy pfsyclf igaf hovy.

pirvfr muqfbk Auh ÈUgr df mrIË sI.ËrUr Aus nfl koeI hfdsf vfpirafˆ hY. eyjMsIafˆ nyvwzI pwDr qy src EpryÈn clfieaf lyikn sqvMqbYˆs nUM lwBx ivwc nfkfm rhy. aqy awj mriswzkfAuˆtI ÈYrP ny zYltf- mYnzotf kYnfl ivwc bfzIimlx AuprMq aYlfn kIqf ik ieh imRqk dyh POlrinvfsI sqvMq isMG bYˆs dI hY. mOq dy kfrnfˆ df hflypqf nhIˆ lwg sikaf ik mOq ikMnf hflqfˆ ivwc hoeI.iksy nUM vI agr ies Gtnf bfry pqf hovy qfˆMerced County Sheriff`s Office nUM (209) 385-7445 qy sMprk kr skdy ho.

(sPf 1 dI bfkI)eykqf pfrtI dy AumIdvfr vjoˆ ÌrIdkot sMsdI hlkyqoˆ cox lVI sI. ies qrHfˆ nfl ies ivDfiek dy BivwK`qy vI svflIaf inÈfn lwigaf hoieaf hY. ienHfˆ qwQfˆqoˆ spwÈt hY ik iËmnI coxfˆ hox dI sUrq ivwc afmafdmI pfrtI koloˆ ivroDI iDr df ruqbf Kuws skdfhY qy ÈRomxI akflI dl nUM ieh sMivDfnk ahudfimlx dy afsfr hn. ÈRomxI akflI dl dy pRDfnsuKbIr isMG bfdl ienHfˆ coxfˆ dOrfn iProËpur sMsdIhlky qoˆ AumIdvfr sn. srvyKxfˆ muqfbk iÌroËpursIt qoˆ akflI dl dy AumIdvfr dy ijwqx dI sMBfvnfhY. ies qrHfˆ nfl jykr Coty bfdl sMsd mYˆbr vjoîjwqdy hn qfˆ jlflfbfd hlky dI iËmnI cox vI hovygI. huiÈafrpur sMsdI hlky qo kfˆgrs vwlo ivD-fiek zf[ rfj kumfr cwbyvfl aqy BfrqI jnqf pfrtIvwloˆ ivDfiek som pRkfÈ nUM Auqfiraf igaf sI. coxruJfnfˆ muqfbk dohfˆ ivwcoˆ hI iewk ny ijwqxf hY. iesqrHfˆ nfl do hlikafˆ ÌgvfVf jfˆ cwbyvfl ivwcoˆ iewkhlky dI iËmnI cox vI hoxI qYa hY.

ÈRomxI akflI dl vwlo sMgrUr sMsdI hlkyqoˆ vI ivDfiek primMdr isMG ZIˆzsf nUM AumIdvfr bxfieaf igaf sI. sRI ZIˆzsf vI mukfbly`c hox krky jykr ijwq pRfpq krdy hn qfˆ

lihrfgfgf hlky dI iËmnI cox vI ho skdI hY. nfjrisMG mfnÈfhIaf qy amrjIq isMG sMdoaf qfˆ kfˆgrsivwc Èfml ho cuwky hn qy dohfˆ vwloˆ ivDfiek vjoâsqIPf vI idwqf jf cuwkf hY. iesy qrHfˆ sRI PUlkf qysRI Kihrf vI afpxf asqIPf spIkr nUM Byj cuwky hn.ies qrHfˆ nfl ijnHfˆ hlikafˆ dIafˆ iËmnI coxfˆ hoxdy afsfr hn AunHfˆ ivwc BulwQ, dfKf, mfnsf, jYqo,ropV, PgvfVf jfˆ cwbyvfl, jlflfbfd qy lihrfgfgfÈfml hn.

ivDfn sBf ivwc ies vyly kfˆgrs kol doiqhfeI bhumq hY. iËmnI coxfˆ afm qOr `qy hfkmiDr hI ijwqdI hY, pr ijs qrHfˆ kfˆgrs aqy ak-flIafˆ `qy `dosqfnf mYc` Kyzx dy doÈ lgdy hn, AusnUM dyKidafˆ ikhf jf skdf hY ik kuJ sItfˆ `qy akflIdl vI ijwq hfsl kr skdf hY.

jykr akflI dl nUM iËmnI coxfˆ ivwcsÌlqf imldI hY qfˆ ivroDI iDr df ruqbf vI akflIafˆ nUM iml skdf hY.

sMsdI coxfˆ dy aml dOrfn àfp` dy kuJhornfˆ ivDfiekfˆ vwloˆ vI kfˆgrs ivwc Èfml hox dIafâÌvfhfˆ sn, pr mfnÈfhIaf aqy sMdoaf df soÈlmIzIaf `qy iqwKf ivroD hox kfrn àfp` dy hornfîvDfiekfˆ ny dl bdlx dI ihMmq nhIˆ jutfeI.

Bfjpf dy jyqU aMkVy qk nhIˆ sI puwijaf 2014 df aYgiËt pol

17 KyqrI pfrtIafˆ ny cox kimÈn nUM nhIˆ idwqI cMdy bfry irport

nvIˆ idwlI- aYqvfr nUM afey aYgiËt pol dy aMdfiËafˆ c aYwnzIey dI ijwq dI sMBfvnf ivcfly2014 dy srvyKxfˆ qy nËr mfrIey qfˆ Auh ruJfndy nyVy qfˆ sI pr Bfjpf afDfrq gwTjoV ny ijMnIvwzI ijwq hfsl kIqI sI, Auh Aus pwDr qwk nhIˆphuMc sky sn. ipClIafˆ lok sBf coxfˆ `c swqmuwK pol eyjMsIafˆ `coˆ inAUË 24-cfxikaf dfanumfn hI nqIijafˆ dy sB qoˆ nyVy irhf sI ijs`c aYwnzIey nUM 340 sItfˆ imlx dI AumId jqfeIgeI sI qy Aus nUM 336 sItfˆ imlIafˆ sI. ieMzIaftIvI-sI votr ny 289, eybIpI nIlsn ny 281,sIaYwnaYwn-afeIbIaYwn ny 280, hYzlfeInË tUzy

ny 272, aYwnzItIvI ny 279 aqy tfeImË nfE ny249 sItfˆ aYnzIey nUM imlx df aMdfËf lgfieaf sI.

cfxikaf ny XUpIey nUM 70 sItfˆ imlxdf aMdfËf lgfieaf sI pr kfˆgrs afDfrqgwTjoV nUM 59 dy krIb sItfˆ imlIafˆ sI. iesyqrHfˆ ieMzIaf tIvI-sI votr ny 101, eybIpIinlsn qy sIaYwnaYwn-afeIbIaYwn sIaYYwszIaYwsny 97 sItfˆ XUpIey nUM imlx dI gwl khI sI.2014 `c cox eyjMsIafˆ df aMdfËf aYwnzIey dIijwq dy nyVy qfˆ nhIˆ phuMicaf sI pr qkrIbnsfirafˆ ny hI shI ruJfn pyÈ kIqf sI.

nvIˆ idwlI- jmhUrI suDfrfˆ bfry aYsosIeyÈn (eyzIafr) ny awj ikhf ik 17 KyqrI pfrtIafˆ ny2017-18 dI cMdy (zonyÈn)nfl juVI afpxI irport cox kimÈn kol jmHfˆnhIˆ krvfeI hY. eyzIafr dIirport muqfbk 48 KyqrIpfrtIafˆ dI smIiKaf dOrfnisrÌ 15 pfrtIafˆ hI inrDfirq smyˆ ivwc afpxIcMdf irport cox kimÈn koldrj krvfAux ivwc sÌl rhIafˆ hn. 16 pfrtIafˆ ny irport drj krvfAux ivwc iek idnqo lY ky 31 idnfˆ qk dI dyrI kIqI. irport muqfbk17 KyqrI pfrtIafˆ ny cox kimÈn nUM afpxI cMdf

irport hI nhIˆ sOˆpI. ies ivwc asm gx pRIÈd,imËo nYÈnl PrMt qy ieMzIan nYÈnl lok dl

Èfml hn. KyqrI pfrtIafˆvwloˆ aYlfnI cMdy ivwc imlIkuwl rfÈI 54[81 kroVrupey hY, jo 2824 dfnIswjxfˆ ny idwqI hY. bIjUjnqf dl (bIjyzI) dy muKIqy AuVIsf dy muwK mMqrInvIn ptnfiek nUM Cy dfnIswjxfˆ koloˆ sB qoˆ vD

13[04 kroV rupey dI rfÈI imlI hY. dUjf nMbrjyzIXU afgU inqIÈ kumfr df hY, ijnHfˆ nUM 27 df-nIafˆ ny 11[19 kroV rupey idwqy hn. vfeIaYsafrkfˆgrs nUM 8[35 kroV rupey df cMdf imilaf.

(sPf 1 dI bfkI)krky mfmlf hwl hox dI Qfˆ vD igaf hY. ipClysimafˆ ivc sfbkf muwK mMqrI rfijMdr kOr BwTl,pMjfb pRdyÈ kfˆgrs dy sfbkf pRDfn pRqfp isMGbfjvf aqy kYptn ivcfly kfPI nok Jok hoeI sIqy ibnfˆ iksy kfrvfeI dy mfmlf Kqm ho igaf sI.ipCly idnIˆ pMjfb pRdyÈ kfˆgrs dy sfbkf pRDfnÈmÈyr isMG dUlo ny itktfˆ dyx dy mfmly ivcpwKpfq krn dy muwdy nUM lY ky pfrtI lIzriÈp `qyiqwKy hmly kIqy sn. sInIar afgU qy cox pRbMDk

kmytI dy cyarmYn lfl isMG ny hI sfbkf pRDfndUlo ivruD ibafnbfËI kIqI sI pr sfbkf pRDfnvloˆ iqwKf juafb dyx qoˆ bfad koeI gwl awgy nhIˆvDI. ies sbMD `c kYbint mMqrI iswDU nfl gwlkrn dI vfr vfr koiÈÈ kIqI geI pr AunHfˆ nflsMprk nhIˆ ho sikaf. Auˆj awj Auh afpxy aMimRqsr siQq Gr ivc hI sn. sRI jfKV ny ikhfik jy mfmlf hor BÉ igaf qfˆ kfˆgrs hfeIkmfˆzBfv kfˆgrs pRDfn rfhul gfˆDI dovfˆ afgUafˆ ivcflymIitMg krvf ky sulHf sPfeI krvf dyxgy.

kYptn qy iswDU dI lVfeI phuMcI idWlI


rfjnIqI df ipqfmf plYto pihlf icMqk sI ijs ny mnuwK aqy Èfsndy afpsI sbMDfˆ df ivÈlyÈx kIqf. sukrfq dy cyly vjo Aus ny afpxIpusqk id irpbilk` 380 pUrv eIsvI ivc ilKI sI ijs ivc iekafdrÈ rfjy df icqrn kIqf igaf sI. Aussmyˆ eyQnË ivc rfj pRbMD kulIn vrg dy hwQivc sI. plYto ny afpxy afdrÈ rfj dy isDfˆqivc ikhf sI ik Èfsn clfAux vfly smfj dy sB qoˆ pVHy-ilKy aqyisafxy lok cfhIdy hn. rfjnIqI Èfsqr ivc ies nUM iPlfsPrÈfsk df nfˆ idwqf igaf. rfj-Bfg iek afdrÈ sMsQf vjoˆ kMm kry,ies dy aiDaYn leI plYto ny eyQnË ivc àkYzmI` nfˆ dI sMsQfKolHI ijwQy pRiswD XUnfnI iPlfsPr arsqU ny iswiKaf pRfpq kIqI.

dovfˆ XUnfnI ivdvfnfˆ ny rfj nUM mnuwK aqy smfj dy nYiqkivkfs leI ËrUrI sMsQf mMndy hoey Èfsk nUM sUJvfn aqy dfrÈinkhoxf ËrUrI smiJaf. aijhf Èfsk afpxI sUJ nfl mnuwK dIafˆprspr ivroDI rucIafˆ nUM sMjm ivc ilaf ky ieksurqf ivc bMnHskdf hY. Auh ieh vI kihMdy hn ik mnuwK dI ÈÉsIaq df pUrnivkfs rfj ivc rih ky hI ho skdf hY. cMgf rfj pRbMD EhI krskdy hn ijhVy rfj dy Bly ivc afpxf Blf aqy rfj dy bury ivcafpxf burf smJdy hox. rfjnIqI ivigafn pVHidafˆ pqf lwgf ikmwD Xuwg dy aMq qk Èfsk nUM rwb df rUp hI smiJaf jfˆdf irhf.rfjy dy muwK coˆ inkilaf Èbd hI kfnUMn sI. rfj dy ies dYvI isDfˆqnUM sqfrvIˆ aqy aTfrvIˆ sdI `c pRiswD ivdvfn bfmshfbj, jOhnlfk aqy jIn rUso vwloˆ cuxOqI idwqI geI. ienHfˆ icMqkfˆ ny rfj nUM lokfˆdy kithry `c KVHf kIqf aqy pRcfiraf ik Èfsk nUM inruMkÈ rfjkrn dI qfkq rwb qoˆ nhIˆ imlI blik lokfˆ ny smfijk ivvsQf nUMbhfl rwKx dI mnÈf aDIn rfjy nfl smJOqf kIqf ijs aDIn jnqfny kuJ afËfdIafˆ Èfsk nUM sOˆp idwqIafˆ aqy rfjf ies smJOqy dIafˆÈrqfˆ aDIn hI rfj pRbMD krn dI hYsIaq rwKdf hY. smfijksmJOqy dy isDfˆq ny sdIafˆ qoˆ Èfsk dy isr `qy rwiKaf rwbI mKOtf

Auqfr ky lokfˆ sfhmxy iËMmyvfr bxfieaf. ieho smfˆ sI jd 1649ivc ieMglYˆz dy isvl XuwD dOrfn cfrls rfjy nUM mfr ky 1660 qkibnfˆ bfdÈfh ElIvr krfnvwl ny kfmnvYlQ dy rUp ivc ieMglYˆz,

afierlYˆz aqy skftlYˆz df rfj Bfgclfieaf. XUrp ivc punr-jfgrx dy iesysmyˆ dOrfn ietlI df iekolo mYikafvlI aqy

Bfrq ivc XUnfnI swiBaqf dy smkflI cfxikaf vwloˆ Èfskfˆ aqyÈihnÈfhfˆ nUM afpxy aMdfË nfl hdfieqfˆ, nsIhqfˆ dyx leI joiliKaf igaf, awj vI swc hY. mYikafvlI ny 1513 ivc ìd ipRMsìkqfb ivc Zuwkvyˆ qrk pyÈ kr ky dwisaf ik rfijafˆ df Drm dy nfˆ`qy aqy ÈkqIÈflI pirvfr df afphudrf dbdbf aqy dmn df Èfsnsmfj leI Éqrnfk hY. cfxikaf afpxI ikqfb àrQÈfsqr` ivcrfjy nUM afpxf afcfr-ivvhfr cMgf rwKx, hMkfr, GumMz qy hT qoˆbcx dI vkflq krdf hY. Bfvyˆ mYikafvlI cfxikaf vfˆg hIXQfrQvfdI hY pr Auh rfjy nUM smfcfr aqy nYiqkqf nUM rfjnIqI qoâlihdf rwKx dI vkflq krdf hY. ijvyˆ plYto dI ìrpbilk` aqycfxikaf df àrQ Èfsqr` rfijafˆ nUM iensfÌ aqy cMgy rfj pRbMDdf mfrg drsfAuˆdy hn, Evyˆ pMjfb dy iswK rfijafˆ df vI nIqI gRMQfˆvwl ivÈyÈ iDafn igaf. zf[ jgmyl isMG BfcUMafˆ pRiswD KojfrQIanusfr mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG vwloˆ `rfjnIq buiD bfirD` nfˆ df gRMQbuwD isMG qoˆ ilKvfieaf igaf. ievyˆ hI nfBf irafsq dy mhfrfjfhIrf isMG dI pRyrnf sdkf ivdvfn BfeI kfnH isMG nfBf ny `rfjDrm` nfˆ dI pusqk ilKI. sMn 1884 ivc ilKI ies ilKq rfhIÂunHfˆ rfjy nUM ÉudgrË, svfrQI aqy JUTI pRÈMsf krn vfly lokfˆ qoˆdUr rihx dI slfh idwqI.

BfeI sfihb ny dwisaf ik rfjy nUM CotI Aumr ivc ÈfdI nhIˆkrvfAuxI cfhIdI aqy hmyÈf niÈafˆ aqy hor ivkfrfˆ qoˆ bcxfcfhIdf hY. rfj Drm gRMQ afÉr `c ieh incoV kwZdf hY ik ijs dyÈ

(bfkI sPf 22 ‘qy)

Bfrq ivc 17vIˆ lok sBf dy gTn leI mqdfn dI pRikiraf pUrIhox dy kMZy hY. 19 meI nUM swqvyˆ gyV dy mqdfn mgroˆ dyÈ ivc nvIˆlok sBf dy giTq hox df rfh pwDrf ho jfvygf aqy 23 meI nUM pqflwg jfvygf ik dyÈ ivc iks dI srkfr bxygI. bIqy iqMn mhIinafˆqoˆ inwjI tIvI cYnlfˆ qy ijs qrHfˆ dI crcf cwl rhI hY, isafsI gflHfˆdy ÈbdkoÈ ivc jo vfDf kIqf jf irhf hY, Auh byhwd inrfÈfjnk hY.lokfˆ dI hflq qfˆ ieh ho geI hY ik hux kuJ plfˆ bfad tIvI cYnlbdlx qy afÉr tIvI bMdkrn leI mjbUr hoxf pYirhf hY.

ho skdf hY ikisafsI idlcspI vfly jfîsafsq dI BwTI ivc afpxyBivwK nUM pkfAux vfly iesdf afnMd lYˆdy hox pr iesdyÈ df afdmI guËrdykfrvfˆ qoˆ afpxy leI kuJKojx dI axQwk koiÈÈkrdf hY pr aMq ivc ÉflIhwQ mldf hoieaf afAuxvfly kwlH dI AuzIk krdf hY. hYrfnI dI gwl hY ik dyÈ dI iksy vIisafsI pfrtI ny lokfˆ dy Pwtfˆ `qy mwlHm lgfAux df kMm nhIˆ kIqf.AunHfˆ dIafˆ roËfnf dIafˆ loVfˆ dI pUrqI afsfn bxfAux leI vI kuJsMkyq nhIˆ idwqy. BuwKy pyt Brn dI koeI AumId vI nhIˆ jgfeI. iewQoˆqk ik hr ivakqI dI smwisaf sfÌ pIxXog pfxI kd pUry dyÈ nUMiml skygf, ies dI qfˆ ikqy iBxk vI suxfeI nhIˆ idwqI. pfxI qoˆ lYky hvf qk sfrf kuJ qfˆ pRdUiÈq ho cwkf hY. kyˆdrI eyjMsI eykIikRqpRbMDn sUcnf pRxflI duafrf pfxI dI guxvwqf nUM lY ky iqafr irportmuqfbk dyÈ ivc dUiÈq pfxI qoˆ 70736 bsqIafˆ pRBfivq hn ijsdf iswDf arQ ieh hY ik Bfrq dI 47[41 kroV afbfdI nUM sfÌ pfxInhIˆ iml irhf. ies dy nfl hI dyÈ ivc vDdy pRdUÈx df asr vIpIxXog pfxI dI guxvwqf `qy pY irhf hY.

dyÈ dI lgpg iek iqhfeI afbfdIdUiÈq pfxI pIx leI mjbUr hY aqyrfjsQfn aqy pwCmI bMgfl ies qoˆ sBqoˆ vwD pRBfivq hn. Éqrnfk rsfiexkqwqfˆ dy imÈrx vfly pfxI qoˆ pRBfivqielfikafˆ ivc iËafdfqr pyˆzU ielfkyhn. Bfvyˆ bIqy cfr sflfˆ ivc ÈuwD pfxI

dyx leI kyˆdrsrkfr dI rfÈtrI gRfmIx pIxXog pfxI Xojnfqihq pfxI sfÌ krn leI afriQk qy qknIkImdd idwqI jf rhI hY pr ieh kfrj ajy qknhIˆ ho sikaf hY. lok sBf ivc puwjx dI dOVivc lwgIafˆ isafsI pfrtIafˆ ny lokfˆ dI iessmwisaf vwl nf iDafn idwqf hY, nf BivwK leIkoeI Brosf idwqf hY. Bfrq ivc hvf pRdUÈx vIÉqrnfk pwDr `qy puwj cuwkf hY aqy sfl 2017ivc 12 lwK ivakqIafˆ dI ies kfrn mOq hogeI sI.

vYsy ieh vI ikhf igaf hY ik pRdUÈx kfrn horhIafˆ mOqfˆ qoˆ bcfAux leI Bfrq srkfr ny

ÈlfGfXog koiÈÈfˆ kIqIafˆ hn pr amrIkf dy hYlQ iePYkts ieM-stIicAUt dI irport anusfr 2017 ivc dOrf pYx, ÈUgr, idl dydOry, PyPVy dy kYˆsr vrgIafˆ ibmfrIafˆ kfrn ijwQy pUrI dunIaf ivclgpg 50 lwK ivakqIafˆ dI mOq hoeI, EQy hI iekwly Bfrq ivc12 lwK lok pRdUiÈq hvf kfrn mOq dy mUMh ivc cly gey. duKdjfxkfrI ieh vI hY ik 2015 ivc iesy pRdUÈx kfrn Bfrq ivc 25lwK lokfˆ dI mOq geI sI. isgrtnoÈI vI hvf pRdUÈx aqy mOqfˆ dfkfrn hY. Bfrq dI ishq sbMDI iek irport ivc ieh vI ikhf igafhY ik hvf pRdUÈx aqy isgrtnoÈI kfrn Bfrq ivc jnm lYx vflyhr bwcy dI Aumr ZfeI sfl Gt jfvygI. dUiÈq afbo-hvf kfrnibmfrIafˆ vD rhIafˆ hn pr Bfrq ivc ishq shUlqfˆ dI siQqI

(bfkI sPf 22 ‘qy)

lok ihqYÈI hoxy cfhIdy hn Èfsk

iBRÈtfcfr dy jMjfl `c jkiVaf dyÈsSpfdkI

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-blbIr isSG aYm ey

pMjfb ivc lok sBf coxF hox qoN pihlF hI swqfDfrI kFgrs

pfrtI ivckfr doPfV nËr afAux lwg ipaf hY. coxF qoN pihlF

hI nvjoq isMG iswDU dI pqnI nvjoq kOr ny jnqk qOr qy kih

idwqf ik kYptn amirMdr isMG ny AuhnF dI lok sBf leI itkt

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mIzIaf ivc phuMc igaf. kYptn amirMdr isMG ny qF iewQoN qwk

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qF Auh asqIPf dy dyxgy pr jykr iml geIaF qF iswDU

asqIPf dy dyvygf.

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vI kYptn-iswDU dI lVfeI `qy cutkIafˆ lY rhy hn. ienHfˆ

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ies vfsqy nvjoq kOr ny kYptn amirMdr isMG aqy

pMjfb kfˆgrs dI ieMcfrj afÈf kumfrI `qy ielËfm lfey sn.

ijs qoˆ bfad kYptn amirMdr isMG df kihxf sI kfˆgrs

hfeIkmfn nUM cfhIdf hY ik iswDU dIafˆ ienHfˆ hrkqfˆ `qy

jvfbqlbI kIqI jfvy. kYptn ny qfˆ iewQoˆ qk kih idwqf ik

iswDU pMjfb df muwK mMqrI bxnf cfhuMdy hn. asl ivc ipCly

idnfˆ dy isafsI GtnfkRm qy nËr dOVfeI jfvy qfˆ kYptn-iswDU

dI aMdrKfqy cwl rhI lVfeI KuwlH ky sfhmxy afAux dy kfrn

smJ afAuˆdy hn. lok sBf coxfˆ dOrfn nvjoq iswDU ny pUry mulk

ivc GuMm-GuMm ky kfˆgrsI AumIdvfrfˆ dy hwk ivc cox pRcfr

kIqf pr pMjfb `c cox pRcfr qoˆ dUrI bxfeI rwKI. afKrkfr

ipRaMkf gfˆDI qy rfhul gfˆDI dy kihx `qy afKrI vyly iswDU ny

pMjfb ivc DUMafˆDfr cox pRcfr kIqf.

kFgrs pfrtI dy ies klyÈ df ivroDI iDrF qF KUb

afnMd lY rhIaF hn pr pMjfb ivc ivDfn sBf dI siQqI

aijhI hY ik kFgrs ijMnI mrËI afps ivc lVI jfvy pr

srkfr kFgrs dI hI rhygI, cfhy muwK mMqrI bdly jF vËfrq.

kYptn aqy iswDU ivckfr tkrfa

(1) s[ dIdfr isMG bYNs (2) avqfr isMG shoqf(3) gYrI bsrfey(4) hrdIp isMG ZfzlI(5) zf[ crnjIq isMG Aupl(6) kuldIp isMG atvfl(7) surjIq isMG atvfl(8) bGyl isMG jsvfl(9) gurivMdr isMG mfvI(10) zf dlvIr pMnU

(11) zf[ hrmyÈ kumfr(12) suirMdr isMG Dnoaf(13) avqfr isMG qfrI(14) kÈmIr isMG Duwgf (15) amolk isMG gfKl(16) hrnyk isMG atvfl(17) bldyv isMG mfn(18) sRI suwcf rfm jI(19) jOhn isMG igWl(20) AuNkfr isMG sYxI

(21) kulvMq isMG injr(22) suKvIr isMG injr(23) hYrI iswDU(24) jsvIr isMG kulfr(25) rfj bzvfl(26) kmljIq atvfl(27) zf[ BuipMdr BMzfrI(28) ajYb isMG mWlI(29) hrjIq igwl

‘prdys tfiemË’ dy afnryrI slfhkfr qy sihXogI

lkÈmIkfˆqf cfvlf

jI ky isMG


trMp ny idWqI icqfvnI, hmlf kIqf qfˆ Éqm ho jfvygf eIrfn

pMjfb dI sfˆJI ivrfsq

vfiÈMgtn- amrIkf aqy eIrfn drimafn qxfazUMGf huMdf jf irhf hY. rfÈtrpqI zonflz trMpny eIrfn nUM sÉq icqfvnI idMdy hoey ikhf hY ikjykr Ausny amrIkI ihwqfˆ `qy hmlf kIqf qfˆ Aus-nUM qbfh kr idwqf jfvygf. eIrfn dy iksy vI hmlynfl inptx leI amrIkf ny pwCmI eyÈIaf `cpihlfˆ hI jhfËvfhk byVy qy bMbfr jhfË qfienfqkr idwqy hn.

trMp ny aYqvfr nUM iek tvIt c ikhf,èIrfn jykr jMg cfhuMdf hY qfˆ Ausdf rsmI qOr`qy aMq ho jfvygf. Auh iPr kdy amrIkf nUM DmkIny dy skygf.

trMp df ieh ibafn aijhy smyˆ `qyafieaf hY jdoˆ amrIkf ny eIrfn qoˆ Éqry df

hvflf dy ky ierfk `c qfienfq afpxy kuJ kUtnIqk stfP nUM vfps bulf ilaf hY. ipClyÈincrvfr nUM amrIkf ny hvfbfËI kMpnIafˆ nUMPfrs dI KfVI dy Auwpr qoˆ Auzfx Brn nUM lY kyafgfh vI kIqf sI. amrIkf ny ikhf sI ik iksyÊlqPihmI `c jhfËfˆ nUM Éqrf pYdf ho skdf hY.

bgdfd dy aiq surwiKaq ielfky `c izwgf rfkyt

aYqvfr nUM ierfk dI rfjDfnI bgdfddy Aus aiq surwiKaq ielfky `c iek rfkyt dfigaf igaf ijwQy srkfrI dÌqr aqy amrIkfsmyq keI dyÈfˆ dy dUqGr hn. ieh spÈt nhIˆ hosikaf ik ies ipwCy iks df hwQ sI.

aijhy hflfq `c amrIkI mIzIaf `c

af rhIafˆ Ébrfˆ muqfbk, trMp dy rfÈtrI sur-wiKaf slfhkfr jOn boltn eIrfn `qy sÉqkfrvfeI dI vkflq kr rhy hn, jdik keIsInIar aiDkfrI iesdf ivroD kr rhy hn.

trMp qy eIrfn jMg qoˆ kr cuwky hn ienkfr

trMp hflfîk ieh vI kih cuwky hn ikeIrfn nfl amrIkf jMg nhIˆ cfhuMdf. ipCly Èincrvfr nUM eIrfn dy ivdyÈ mMqrI muhMmdjfvyd jrIÌ ny vI ikhf sI ik AunHfˆ nUM XkIn nhIˆhY ik Kyqr `c koeI jMg hox vflI hY ikAuîk AunHfˆdf dyÈ ies qrHfˆ nhIˆ cfhuMdf.

sfAUdI arb ny bulfeI hMgfmI bYTkipCly hÌqy XUeyeI dy qwt `qy cfr qyl

tYˆkrfˆ nUM inÈfnf bxfieaf igaf sI aqy sfAUdIarb dI iek qyl pfeIplfeIn `qy zron hmlf vIhoieaf sI. sfAUdI arb ny iesdy leI eIrfn nUMiËMmyvfr Tihrfieaf sI. ienHfˆ hmilafˆ nflielfky `c pYdf qxfa qy crcf leI sfAUdI arbny 30 meI nUM KfVI dyÈfˆ dI hMgfmI bYTk bulfeI hY

prmfxU smJOqf tuwtx nfl viDaf qxfatrMp ny ipCly sfl awT meI nUM eIrfn

nfl 2015 `c hoey prmfxU smJOqy qoˆ amrIkf dyhtx df aYlfn kIqf sI. ies qoˆ bfad Ausdy qylbrfmd nUM rokx dy nfl hI Aus `qy keI pfbMdIafˆlgf idwqIafˆ. ies nfl dovfˆ dyÈfˆ `c qxfa vD igaf.

suBfÈ pirhfrpMjfbIafˆ dI lfhOr nfl Bfvnfqmk sfˆJ hY. Auhbcpn qoˆ hI bËurgfˆ qoˆ suxdy rihMdy hn ik ijsny lfhOr nhIˆ vyiKaf Auh jMimaf hI nhIˆ. Bfvyˆ iehgwl purfxy simafˆ ivc hI swc sI jdoˆ sfry pMjfbivc ieMnf vwzf hor koeI Èihr nhIˆ sI. lfhOrsYˆkVy sfl lgfqfr sfˆJy pMjfb dI rfjDfnI irhfhY aqy hux vI lihMdy pMjfb dI rfjDfnI hY. jykrlfhOr ivc lwgy sfeIn-borzfˆ dI ilpI ÈfhmuKI dIbjfey gurmuKI ivc bdl idwqI jfvy qfˆ pihlI vfrigaf sYlfnI ieh Ìrk nhIˆ kr skdf ik AuhlfhOr ivc KVHf hY jfˆ aMimRqsr ivc.

ihMdosqfn dI BUgoilk bxqr kuJ iesqrHfˆ dI hY ik iewQy afAux leI ieko-iek ËmInIrsqf ies dy Auwqr vwl PYlIafˆ sulymfn aqyikrQfr phfVIafˆ ivcly dwirafˆ rfhIˆ sI. agfˆhafAux `qy sB qoˆ pihlf vwzf Èihr lfhOr hI sI.ies leI hr hfkm leI ies pfisEˆ bfhrI hmlyqoˆ surwiKaf df ieMqËfm krnf ËrUrI sI. ËrUr iesQfˆ qy purfqn simafˆ qoˆ hI iklHf hovygf, Bfvyˆ lokfˆ

df afm ivÈvfÈ hY ik lfhOr rfmcMdr dy puwqrlv ny vsfieaf sI, imwQ hI hY. jd qyrHvIˆ sdIivc mMgol hmlfvrfˆ ny lfhOr qbfh kr idwqf qfˆkuJ ku sdIafˆ leI bfhroˆ afAux vfilafˆ leI iehrfh lfhOr qoˆ bdl ky hyT mulqfn ivcdI ho igaf.hOlI hOlI rfjpuqfny dy PYl rhy ryigsqfn ny iehrUt muÈikl kr idwqf. rihMdI ksr cOdHvIˆ sdI dyafÉr ivc mwD-eyÈIafeI hmlfvr qYmUr ny pUrIkr idwqI. Aus ny ies rfh `qy pYˆdy sfry Èihrqbfh kr idwqy. rfh muV lfhOr ivcdI hI ho igaf.ies qoˆ bfad awj qIk lfhOr df mhwqv lgfqfrbixaf hoieaf hY. pTfx sulqfn Èyr Èfh sUrI dyacfnk hfdsy ivc byvkq dyhfˆq smyˆ Aus dIafˆdo aDUrIafˆ iewCfvfˆ ivco iek ieh sI ik Auh lfhOrÈihr nUM Éqm nf kr sikaf. Aus dI soc sI ikbfhrly hmlfvr dy rfh ivc ieMnf vwzf Èihr hoxfhfnIkfrk huMdf hY ikAuîk iewQoˆ Auh afpxI ÌOjleI rsd nivaf skdf hY.

muÊl rfj dOrfn lfhOr iesy nfˆ dy sUbydf pRbMDkI kyˆdr sI. ieMnf hI nhIˆ, iek qrHfˆ nflieh muÊlfˆ dI dUjI rfjDfnI hI sI. anykfˆ vfrbfdÈfh sflfˆ bwDI iewQy Tihry rihMdy. idwlI-afgryqoˆ kÈmIr jfx df rsqf vI lfhOr ho ky jfˆdf sIaqy muÊl bfdÈfh kÈmIr dy suhwpx dy ÈYdfeIsn. jdoˆ aTfrHvIˆ sdI dy afÉr ivc mhfrfjfrxjIq isMG ny pMjfb ivc afpxI hkUmq sQfpqkIqI qfˆ Aus dI rfjDfnI vI lfhOr bixaf. 1849ivc ibRitÈ eIst ieMzIaf kMpnI ny pMjfb `qykbËf krn mgroˆ vI ies dI rfjDfnI iewQy hI rwKI.

ienHfˆ sYˆkVy sflfˆ dOrfn hr hfkm ies Èihr nUMÉUbsUrq iemfrqfˆ nfl sjfAuˆdf irhf ijnHfˆ ivcoˆdrjnfˆ dI igxqI ivc awj vI surwiKaq hn. ienHfîvcoˆ sB qoˆ vwzI, pRBfvÈflI, aqy Èfndfr iemfrqlfhOr df iklHf hY ijs dI vrqmfn iemfrq dIAusfrI dI ÈurUafq bfdÈfh akbr ny kIqI sI.ies iklHy dy ieiqhfsk mhwqv aqy iemfrqsfËIdI klf dy mwdynËr kOmfˆqrI sMsQf XUnYsko ny iesnUM aflmI ivrfsqfˆ dI sUcI ivc Èfiml kr ky iesdI sfˆB-sMBfl df iËMmf lY rwiKaf hY.

qIh eykV rkby ivc PYly ies iklHyaMdr jfx leI iqMn aflIÈfn drvfËy hn- sB qoˆpurfxf akbr bfdÈfh dy smyˆ df msqI drvfËf,Èfhjhfˆ df Ausfiraf Èfh burj drvfËf (ies nUMhfQI pol drvfËf vI kihMdy hn) aqy aOrMgËyb dyhukm nfl qfmIr kIqf igaf aflmgIrI drvfËf.`msqI drvfËf` df nfˆ ies dy sfhmxy akbr dIrfjpUq rfxI aqy jhfˆgIr dI mfˆ mrIam-AuË-ËmfnI (ijs nUM afm lok ÊlqI nfl joDfbfeI dynfˆ nfl jfxdy hn) rfhIˆ AusfrI geI ÉUbsUrq

msijd kfrn ipaf. Èbd `msijdI` smyˆ nfl`msqI` bx igaf. ieh drvfËf hux bMd hI rihMdfhY aqy iklHy ivc pRvyÈ aflmgIrI drvfËy ivcdIhuMdf hY. iklHy qoˆ bfhr afAux leI Èfh burjdrvfËf vriqaf jfˆdf hY jo ik iqMnfˆ ivcoˆ sB qoˆvDyry ÉUbsUrq hY.

iklHy df aMdrUnI ihwsf do Bfgfˆ- AuwqrIaqy dwKxI- ivc vMizaf hoieaf hY. dwKxI BfgpRbMDkI iemfrqfˆ leI sI jdoîk AuwqrI Bfg, ijspfsy rfvI diraf vihMdf hY, ÈfhI iemfrqfˆ leI.Aus smyˆ rfvI diraf iklHy dI kMD nfl Kih kylMGdf sI.

dwKxI ihwsy ivc hux qwk bcI hoeI muwKiemfrq isrÌ dIvfn-ey-afm hY ijs dI AusfrI1631-32 ivc muÊl bfdÈfh Èfhjhfˆ ny krvfeIsI. ies dIvfn hfl ivc bYTy Èfhjhfˆ dy drbfrdy 1640 aqy 1645 ivc bxfey do icwqr vI imldyhn. ienHfˆ icwqrfˆ ivc bfdÈfh dI gwdI dI ipClIkMD `qy eIsfeI Drm nfl sbMiDq iviÈafˆ dy kMD-icwqr hn jo muÊl bfdÈfhfˆ dy Drm-inrpyKhox dy lKfiek hn. dIvfn-ey-afm dI asliemfrq mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG dy dyhfˆq mgro iklHy`qy kbËf krn leI Èyr isMG vwloˆ kIqI geI golfbfrI nfl qbfh ho geI sI aqy bfad ivcaMgryË hkUmq smyˆ murMmq krky ies nUM vrqmfnrUp idwqf igaf. iesy iemfrq ivc mhfrfjfrxjIq isMG dI imRqk dyh lokfˆ dy aMiqm drÈnfˆleI rwKI geI sI.

`dIvfn-ey-afm` dI ipClI kMD nfljuiVaf ÈfhI mihl `dOlq Éfnf-ey-Éfs` hY.

mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG dy dyhfˆqmgroˆ hoey lVfeI-JgVy ivc 9akqUbr 1839 nUM mhfrfjf KVgisMG dy chyqy, pr mMqrI iDafnisMG zogry dy ivroDI cyq isMGbfjvf df kql iesy iemfrq ivchoieaf sI.

dOlq-Éfnf-ey-Éfs dysfhmxy lfl pwQr dIafˆ iemfrqfˆnfl iGiraf KuwlHf ivhVf hY. iessfry ihwsy dI AusfrI bfdÈfhjhfˆgIr dy hukmfˆ nfl hoeI sI. kÈmIr dI vfdInfl Éfs lgfa hox krky jhfˆgIr lfhOr ivKylMmf-lMmf arsf Tihrdf sI. iblkul sfhmxyvflI iemfrq nUM `Éuafbgfh` (sOx vflI Qfˆ) dy nfˆnfl jfixaf jfˆdf hY. hux ies ivc ajfiebGr hYijs ivc kuJ ieiqhfsk KrVy, iswky aqy lGU-icwqr pRdriÈq hn. afsy-pfsy dIafˆ iemfrqfˆ dy bfhrly Cwijafˆ hyTlIafˆ brYktfˆ Èyr,hfQI aqy hor jfnvrfˆ qy pMCIafˆ dy rUp ivc

qrfÈIafˆ hoeIafˆ hn. ivhVy ivckfr Puhfry jiVafhOË hY.

ies ivhVy ivc roËfnf Èfm smyˆ idwlI dylfl iklHy ivcly `lfeIt aYˆz sfAUˆz pRogrfm`vrgf hI Èoa huMdf hY ijs ivc afvfËfˆ aqy rMg-ibrMgIafˆ rOÈnIafˆ rfhIˆ iklHy df ieiqhfsduhrfieaf jfˆdf hY.

muÊl iemfrqsfËI dy ieiqhfs ivcbfdÈfh Èfhjhfˆ dy smyˆ nUM sMgmrmr df Xuwg vIikhf jfˆdf hY ikAuîk Aus dy rfj dOrfn AusfrIafˆgeIafˆ iemfrqfˆ ivc sMgmrmr dI ÉUb vrqo kIqIgeI sI. afgry df qfj mhwl ies dI ibhqrInimsfl hY. lfhOr dy iklHy ivc vI Èfhjhfˆ ny keIpurfxIafˆ iemfrqfˆ zyg ky sMgmrmr dIafˆ iemfrqfˆ dI AusfrI krvfeI ijnHfˆ ivcoˆ ÈIÈmihl,nOlwKf, dIvfn-ey-Éfs aqy moqI msijd pRmuwKhn. ÈIÈmihl dI AusfrI vI dIvfn-ey-afm vfˆg1631-32 ivc hI hoeI sI, pr bfad ivc iesivc kuJ qbdIlI aOrMgËyb aqy mhfrfjf rxjIqisMG dy smyˆ dOrfn vI kIqI geI. ies iemfrq dImuwK sjfvt ÈIÈy dy Coty-Coty tukiVafˆ nfl kIqIgeI hY. jdoˆ rfq smyˆ mombwqIafˆ dy axigxq ibMbienHfˆ ÈIisafˆ ivc cmkdy hoxgy qfˆ ies dI ÉUbsUrqI vyiKafˆ hI bxdI hovygI. ies iemfrqdIafˆ kMDfˆ `qy ikRÈn-lIlf dy icwqr vI hn. iesiemfrq dI bdiksmqI ieh hY ik 1849 ivc ibRitÈ eIst ieMzIaf kMpnI dI ijwq mgroˆ pMjfbdf rfj-Bfg iewQy hI AunHfˆ dy hvfly kIqf igaf sI.

ÈIÈmihl nyVy hI sMgmrmr dI CotIijhI, pr idl-tuMbvIˆ iemfrq nOlwKf hY. ies bfry

ikhf jfˆdf hY ik ies dI AusfrI Auwqy nOˆ lwK rupeyKrc hoey sn. ies dIafˆ kMDfˆ dI sjfvt arD-kImqI pwQrfˆ dy tukiVafˆ nfl bxy idlkÈPuwl-bUitafˆ nfl kIqI hoeI hY.

bfdÈfh dy iebfdq krn leI iklHy ivcmoqI msijd Èfhjhfˆ ny hI qfmIr krvfeI sI.mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG dy rfj dOrfn ies msijddI vrqoˆ ÈfhI ÉËfny dy qOr `qy huMdI sI.

ÈIÈmihl vflI vlgx qoˆ pihly KuwlHy

ivhVy ivc vI sMgmrmr dI brfmdy vrgI iemfrq hY. XUrpI pyˆtr afgsq iQEzor ÈfwPt dImhfrfjf rxjIq isMG dy drbfr dI bxfeI qsvIrivc mhfrfjf nUM iesy iemfrq ivc bYTy idKfieafigaf hY. iklHy ivclI iewtfˆ dI do-mMiËlI hvylI nUMrfxI cMd kOr dI hvylI dy nfˆ nfl jfixaf jfˆdfhY. ies hvylI ivc hux rfjkumfrI bMbf imAUËIamhY. rfjkumfrI bMbf, mhfrfjf dlIp isMG dIafîqMn DIafˆ ivcoˆ iek sI. iemfrq dI hyTlI mMiËl`qy Auh hiQafr pRdriÈq hn jo brqfnvI ÌOj nylfhOr drbfr dIafˆ ÌOjfˆ nfl hoeIafˆ lVfeIafîvc pRfpq kIqy sn. rfjkumfrI bMbf dyivakqIgq sMgRih ivclIafˆ sfrIafˆ vsqfˆ iemfrq dI AuprlI mMiËl `qy pRdriÈq hn.

Èfh burj drvfËy qoˆ iklHy dI kMD dfAuh Bfg ÈurU huMdf hY ijs dy 72,000 vrg PuwtKyqrÌl `qy rMgIn glyËz tfeIlfˆ nfl bxfeIafˆsYˆkVy sjfvtI qsvIrfˆ hn. ienHfˆ qsvIrfˆ dy ivÈyhfQIafˆ dI lVfeI, AUTfˆ dI lVfeI, iÈMgfry GoVy,prIafˆ aqy drbfrI afid hn. dunIafˆ Br dyieslfmI klf jgq ivc aijhI hor koeI imsflnhIˆ imldI ijs ivc jfndfr iviÈafˆ dIafˆ iespYmfny `qy qsvIrfˆ bxfeIafˆ geIafˆ hox. ieiqhfskfr ivnsYˆt simwQ muqfibk ieh dunIafˆBr ivc qsvIrfˆ dI sB qoˆ kfibly-qfrIÌ lVI hY.klf-ieiqhfskfr jy[pIaYwc[ vogyl ny 1921 ivcienHfˆ icwqrfˆ Auwpr pUrI ikqfb CpvfeI sI. Ausdf mMnxf sI ik ieh qsvIrfˆ bxfAuxIafˆ ÈurUjhfˆgIr bfdÈfh dy kfl ivc hoeIafˆ hoxgIafˆ,pr pUrIafˆ Èfhjhfˆ dy rfj dOrfn hoeIafˆ.


lok sBf coxfˆ 2019 dy afÉrI aqy sqvy gyV qihqawj pMjfb dIafˆ sfrIafˆ 13 sItfˆ, cMzIgVH dI iewksIt, ihmfcl pRdyÈ dIafˆ 4 sItfˆ, ibhfr dIafˆ 8,JfrKMz dIafˆ 3, mwD pRdyÈ dIafˆ 8, pwCm bMgfl

dIafˆ 9 aqy Auwqr pRdyÈ dIafˆ 13sItfˆ `qy voitMg jfrI hY.

ies dOrfn pMjfb ivwc keIidl iKcvyˆ nËfry vI nËr afey hn.lok sBf hlkf aMimRqsr ivwc sKIipMk bUQ bies qoˆ ielfvf gurdspurdy kuwl 9 ivDfn sBf hlikafˆ `ciewk ipMk bUQ bxfieaf igaf hY. iesqoˆ ielfvf gurdspur dy kuwl 9 ivDfnsBf hlikafˆ `c iewk ipMk bUQ bxfieaf igaf hY. ipMk bUQ ivKyisrP aOrqfˆ hI izAUtI kr rhIafˆhn. PfiËlkf lok sBf hlky ivwc poilMg bUQfˆ nUMsjfieaf igaf hY. pUrIafˆ iqafrIafˆ aqy pRbMDivafh vfˆg kIqy gey hn. iewQy Kfx-pIx df vIpUrf pRbMD kIqf igaf hY. ies qoˆ ielfvf Bfrq-

pfiksqfn srhwd nyVy pYˆdy ipMz rfxIaf ivwc vwgypoilMg bUQ `qy iewk aOrq gurjIq kOr vwloˆ lMgrdf pRbMD kIqf igaf hY aMimRqsr hlky ivwc hIswjI hoeI bfrfq pihlfˆ poilMg bUQ dy ivhVy ZukI

aqy afpxIafˆ vot Bugqf ky awgy qurI. iesdOrfn lfVy sMdIp ny dwisaf , "jdoˆ ivafhimwiQaf sI qfˆ Aus vyly coxfˆ dI qrIk dfpqf nhIˆ sI pr hux pihlfˆ afpxI vot nUMqrËIh idMidafˆ tov Bugqf ky jf irhf hfˆ."

sMgrUr `c kfˆgrs dy do guwt iBVyies qoˆ ielfvf ikqy-ikqy JVpfˆ dIafˆ

Ébrfˆ vI sfhmxy afeIafˆ,ijs dy qihqsMgrUr dy ipMz eIlvfl ivwc poilMg bUQ qoˆ100 mItr dUr kfˆgrs dy do guwt afpsivwc iBVy. iqMn ivakqI ËKmI. puils ny

jKmIafˆ nUM sMgrUr isvl hspqfl krvfi�afdfKl. ies JgVy kfrn 15 imMt qwk poilMg rukIrhI. jfxkfrI muqfbk dovfˆ guwtfˆ ivcfly purfxIrMijÈ sI.

pMjfb dy cox rMg: ikqy hoeI lVfeI qy ikqy cwly lMgr

pMjfb dI vMz bhuq hI iBafnk qbfhI sI. ikMnIafˆjfnfˆ geIafˆ, ikMny lok byGr hoey aqy hor bhuqkuJ mMdBfgf vfpiraf ijs dy ËKm ajy qk irsrhy hn. vkq dI ies mfr kfrn sfnUM iswKfˆ dIafˆbxfeIafˆ vYst knfl klonIafˆ CwzxIafˆ peIafâqy bdly ivc qIjf ihwsf ËmIn hI iml skI, AuhvI ryqlI. luiDafxy ivc Audoˆ itwby hI itwby sn ijQyisrP mUMgPlI AugdI sI. pMjfb dy diraf vMz leygey aqy pMjfb nUM mihË 1[58 kroV eykV-PuwtpfxI imilaf.

iPr sMivDfn aqy irpyrIan kfnUMnfˆdIafˆ DwjIafˆ AuzfAuîdafˆ 80 lwK eykV Puwt pfxIrfjsQfn nUM Byt kr idwqf igaf. mhfrfjf gMgfisMG 1920 ivc gMgfngr dy ivkfs leI loVIˆdfpfxI lYx bdly pMjfb nUM lgfqfr rfieltI adfkrdy rhy. ies qoˆ bfad 1966 ivc pMjfb dy iqMnhor tukVy ho gey. ies qrHfˆ kyˆdrI hukmfˆ `qy iekvfrI muV, pMjfb df 70 lwK eykV Puwt pfxI hirafxf nfl awDf awDf vMz idwqf igaf. ies dfiswtf ieh hoieaf ik iqMn pUrbI dirafvfˆ dymflk, pMjfb kol mihË 35 lwK eykV Puwt pfxIrih igaf. bfad ivc, adflqI PYsilafˆ nysfzIafˆ icMqfvfˆ nUM hor iËafdf vDf idwqf. sfzy Auqylgfqfr iksy nf iksy qrHfˆ kfnUMnI qlvfr ltkdIhI rihMdI hY pr msly df hwl iPr vI iksy qx-pwqx nhIˆ lwg irhf.

ies dy bfvjUd sfzy bËurg CyqI hIAusfrU kMmfˆ ivc juwt gey. asIˆ 1950ivafˆ ivc hIpihloˆ-pihly trYktr qy itAUbvYwl vrqxy ÈurUkr idwqy sn. ËmInI surwiKaf qy mujfirafˆ nflsbMDq kfnUMnfˆ ny pMjfb ivc Éud kfÈqkfrI krnvfly iksfnfˆ qy mujfirafˆ nUM ËmInfˆ dy mflk bxfidwqf. asIˆ 1967-68 ivc kxk dI pYdfvfr dyaMbfr lfAuîdafˆ sfry mulk df iZwz Brnf ÈurU kridwqf. sfzIafˆ Pslfˆ sbMDI coxfˆ hmyÈf kyˆdrsrkfr dIafˆ hdfieqfˆ muqfbk huMdIafˆ aqy iesdy leI srkfr aijhIafˆ nIqIafˆ bxfAuˆdI rhI jokyˆdr dy muafPk huMdIafˆ. sfnUM lgfqfr vwD qoˆ vwDanfj, kxk qy cOl dI pYdfvfr krn leIhwlfÈyrI idwqI geI qfˆ ik kyˆdrI aMn BMzfr dfGftf pUiraf jf sky.

iPr mYnUM iekdm kyˆdr srkfr df bdilaf ruK dyKx df mOkf imilaf. XU[pI[ey[srkfr dy KyqIbfVI mMqrI Èrd pvfr ny cMzIgVHivc aYlfn kIqf sI, “hux sfnUM quhfzy (pMjfb dy)Augfey aMn dI koeI loV nhIˆ hY, qusIˆ hux kuJ hor

kro. Bfrq kol vfDU ivdyÈI mudrf hY ijs nfl loVpYx `qy aMn drfmd kIqf jf skdf hY.”

hux sfzf ËmIndoË pfxI ËihrIlf hocuwkf hY. itAUbvYwlfˆ dy borfˆ dI zUMGfeI 300 Puwt qoˆvI agfˆh jf cuwkI hY aqy pMjfb isMjfeI leI nihrfˆ`qy nhIˆ sgoˆ ienHfˆ itAUbvYwlfˆ Auqy inrBr hY. ieQoˆqwk ik hux qfˆ Xmunf dy ielfikafˆ leI rfvI dypfxI df ihwsf mMigaf jf irhf hY. jy rfvI df pfxIvMizaf jfˆdf hY qfˆ Xmunf, jo pMjfb dy dUjy isryAuqy hY, df pfxI vI sfˆJy Éfqy ivc igixaf jfxfcfhIdf hY pridwlI ivc cuwp-cfp hoeIcflbfËI rfhIˆXmunf df pfxIhirafxf, AuqrpRdyÈ (XU[pI[) hInhIˆ sgoˆrfjsQfn qwk nUMvMz idwqf igaf.aijhf ikvyˆ kIqfigaf? iensfP dyiks qkfËy nflkIqf igaf, iesbfry koeI vI nhIˆjfxdf. hux pMjfbieQoˆ agfˆh ikQyjfvy? hux ies nUMkuJ nf kuJbdlvIafˆ Pslfˆ aqy nfl hI Plfˆ, sbËIafˆ, Puwlfˆ,zyarI afid ikwiqafˆ vwl vwD qoˆ vwD iDafn dyxfpvygf. ies pwK qo dyKIey qfˆ XUrp nUM Pl, sbËIafâfid brfmd krn dIafˆ kIqIafˆ geIafˆ kuJdlyrfnf koiÈÈfˆ nfˆhpwKI hvfbfËI nIqIafˆ kfrnnfkfm ho geIafˆ, ikAuîk ienHfˆ nIqIafˆ kfrnaMimRqsr hvfeI awzy qo aijhIafˆ srgrmIafˆ Twpho ky rih geIafˆ. idwlI hvfeI awzy dy pRfeIvytmflkfˆ dI lfbI aqy sYr-spftf Kyqr dI qfkqvrlfbI ies dI iejfËq ikAuˆ dyvygI? XU[pI[ey[ ivc12 sfl rfj sBf mYˆbr rihMidafˆ mYˆ ieh sfrf kuJdyiKaf pr kr kuJ nhIˆ sikaf. pfiksqfn nfliswDf vpfr KuwlH skdf hY aqy pfiksqfn rfhIâPÊfinsqfn hI nhIˆ, keI XUrpI Èihrfˆ ijvyˆmfsko, pYirs, lMzn afid nfl vI vpfr ho skdfhY pr kÈmIr nUM lY ky jfrI qy kdy nf muwkx vflfJgVf, pMjfb `qy 1947 dI vMz dI mfr df asr

Éqm nhIˆ hox idMdf. pMjfb nUM 1965 aqy 1971dIafˆ jMgfˆ dI vI BfrI kImq cukfAuxI peI aqyAuh afriQk nfkybMdIafˆ kfrn bxdI nfˆhpwKIhflq kr ky lgfqfr ieh kImq cukf irhf hY.

iPr vfjpfeI srkfr vloˆ phfVI rfjfˆnUM Cotfˆ dy idwqIafˆ geIafˆ. ienHfˆ rfjfˆ nUM idwqIafˆCotfˆ df iswtf ieh inkilaf ik sfzy Coty rfeIsÈYwlr qy hor CotIafˆ snaqfˆ qwk guafˆZI sUby ihmfcl pRdyÈ dy bwdI qy hornIˆ QfeIˆ clIafˆgeIafˆ. ienHfˆ Cotfˆ dI Êlq vrqoˆ kIqI geI aqy

ieh awj vI jfrIhY. XU[pI[ey[-1dOrfn mYnUM cyqy hY,jdoˆ mYˆ ies bfrysKq iÈkfieqpRDfn mMqrI kolkIqI sI qfˆ AunHfîes df pUrI inrfÈf nfl jvfbidwqf sI ik jy ieshflfq nUM suDfrnleI soicaf vIigaf qfˆ pfrtI nUMihmfcl pRdyÈ ivcvotfˆ pwKoˆ nuksfnhovygf. hux sfrfkuJ qfˆ votfˆ dIisafsq hwQyciVHaf hoieaf hY

aqy koeI vI pfrtI ieh nuksfn krvfAuxf nhIˆ cfhuMdI.

jdoˆ mYˆ 1958 ivc aPsr vjoˆ pRÈfskIiËMmyvfrI sMBflI qfˆ pRqfp isMG kYroˆ muwK mMqrI sI.myrf ieho iÉafl sI ik iksy vI srkfr dI ieko-iek iËMmyvfrI amn-kfnUMn kfiem rwKxf aqyÈihrIafˆ nUM ishq qy iswiKaf muhweIaf krfAuxfhuMdf hY. AunHfˆ aijhf kIqf vI. ipMzfˆ ivc koeI skUlaqy pwkIafˆ sVkfˆ nhIˆ sn. mYnUM iek hulfry dIawj vI aYn Xfd hY: “qusIˆ rsiqafˆ Auqy imwtI pv-

fAux df kMm kro,pwkIafˆ sVkfˆ mYˆbxfvfˆgf.”

mYˆ aksripMzfˆ ivc hox vflIsfˆJy `ÈRmdfn` ivcÈfml huMdf sfˆ. AudoˆmuwK mMqrI kYroˆ nyhr iek ipMz dy vf-sIafˆ nUM afiKaf,“qusIˆ kuJ kmry bxvf idAu, mYˆ pRfiemrI skUlKolH dyvfˆgf. jy qusIˆ kuJ hor kmry bxvf idAugyqfˆ mYˆ imzl hI nhIˆ, hfeI skUl vI KolHfˆgf.” awjmYˆ dyKdf hfˆ ik pMjfb srkfr ny afpxy afp nUMlokfˆ pRqI ies buinafdI iËMmyvfrI qo lfˆBy kr ilafhY. kyrl ny ies pwKoˆ kfPI kuJ kIqf hY pr asIˆqfˆ bws afpxy hI lokfˆ pRqI afpxI ies aihm iËMmyvfrI nUM horfˆ dy Brosy Cwz idwqf hY, Bfvyˆ AuhikMny vI ÈoÈxkfrI ikAuˆ nf hox. ieh hflq byhwdaPsosnfk hY aqy ies dy mfVy nqIjy hux idsxyafrMB ho gey hn.

isiKaf Zfˆcf gozxIafˆ prny jf ipaf hY.iksy smyˆ POj ipMzfˆ vfilafˆ leI syvf aqy pYnÈnpwKoˆ vwzI AumId huMdI sI. jvfhr lfl nihrU dy smyˆnIqI bdl idwqI geI aqy POj ivc BrqI dfafDfr afbfdI dI igxqI nUM bxf idwqf igaf. iesqrHfˆ pMjfb dy ipMzfˆ vfly hiQafrbMd POjfˆ ivcoˆguafcx lwg pey. ieho ZMg-qrIkf kyˆdrI puilsdIafˆ lwKfˆ nOkrIafˆ leI apxfieaf igaf. iksfnIdIafˆ aOsq joqfˆ do eykV qoˆ Gwt dIafˆ hn. pMjfbivc koeI snaq nhIˆ hY, bhfnf ieh ik qusIˆsrhwdI rfj ho. lfhOr ivc snaq ho skdI hY praMimRqsr ny `DfrIvfl` vrgy sfry purfxy snaqIkyˆdr guaf ley hn.

awj pMjfb df sMkt bhuq iBafnk hY.hfkmfˆ dI nIqI kbUqr vflI hY; awKfˆ bMd kr lE,sB TIk ho jfvygf. ies dy bfvjUd, mYnUM ajy vIpMjfbIafˆ Auqy pUrf Brosf hY ik Bfvyˆ jo vI muÈiklfâfAux, Auh AunHfˆ qoˆ pfr pf lYxgy.

muwk nhIˆ rhIafˆ pMjfb dIafˆ musIbqfˆ

mnohr isMG igwl

atfrnI aYt lfaJoshi Law Firm

Attorneys at Law

516 W. SHAW AVE STE 200 FRESNO, CA 93704

[email protected]

TANVIR JOSHI

(559) 312-0083 (O) (888) 630-1230 (F)

SBN: 302226

iemIgRyÈnizportyÈnasfeIlmistIjniÈpgrIn kfrzPYmlI ptIÈnivafh dy afDfr qy grIn kfrzaYzjstmYNt afP styts

PYmlI lfaqlfk dI ptIÈnbwcy dI kstzIBwqf jF KrcfbwicaF leI Krcf

bYNkrpsIcYptr 7 aqy cYptr 13 ivc lYxdfr dy aiDkfr


kfPI lMmy ieMqËfr qoN bfad ÈRomxI akflI dl(bfdl) vloN iProËpur aqy biTMzf loksBfhlikaF qoN, qrqIbvfr dl dy kOmI pRDfn s[suKbIr isMG bfdl aqy AunHF dI pqnI bIbfhrismrq kOr ƒ afpxy AumIdvfrF vjoN pyÈ kIqyjfx df aYlfn kIqf igaf. AunHF dy nfvF aqyhlikaF df ieqnI dyr nfl aYlfn kIqy jfx purhYrfnI pRgt kridaF pMjfb dy rfjsI hlikaF nyikhf ik afm qor qy hr pfrtI vloN afpxy muKAumIdvfrF dy nfvF aqy AunHF dy cox hlikaF dfaYlfn arMB ivwc hI kr idwqf jFdf hY, qF jo AunHFƒ lYky pfrtI ivwc jF pfrtI qoN bfhr koeI glqDfrnF pYdf nf ho sky. pRMqU ÈRomxI akflI dl(bfdl) vloN ies prMprf ƒ qoV, afKrI smyN `qyaYlfn kIqf jfxf, keI qrHF dy suafl KVy krdfhY. keI rfjnIiqkF df kihxf hY ik bfdl pirvfrivwc Èfied ieh zr bixaf hoieaf cilaf afirhf sI ik AunHF dy pfrtI AumIdvfrF ƒ afpxy coxpRcfr dOrfn ijsqrHF dy jn-ivroD df sfhmxfkrnf pY irhf hY, jy AuhI siQqI AunHF sfhmxy vIpYdf ho jFdI hY qF AunHF df vkfr qF imwtI ivwc rulygf hI, nfl hI dl dI rihMdI KUMhdI sfK vIKqm ho ky rih jfiegI. AunHF anusfr, jfpdf hYik pMjfb dy muwK mMqrI kYptn amirMdr isMG AunHFdy qfrxhfr bx, sfhmxy afey. ikhf jFdf hY ikkYptn ny AunHF ƒ Brosf duafieaf hY ik AuhbyiPkr ho mYdfn ivwc inqrn, Auh AunHF ƒ iksyvI kImq qy hfrn nhIN dyxgy. ikhf jFdf hY ikkYptn vloN idwqI geI grMtI ny mIaF-bIvI df hONslf vDfieaf qy Auh cox mYdfn ivwwc inqrnleI iqafr ho gey. ieh vI crcf hY ik bdly ivwcs[ suKbIr isMG bfdl ny kYptn ƒ Brosf duafieaf hY ik Auh pitaflf ivKy mhfrfxI pRnIqkOr ivruD zMmI AumIdvfr Auqfrngy qF jo AunHF dIijwq vI inÈcq bxI rih sky.

kYptn bnfm bfdl : nUrf kuÈqI:pMjfb dy rfjsI hlikaF ivwc ieh vI crcf hY ikpMjfb ivDfn sBf dIaF coxF ivwc kYptn ny s[pRkffÈ isMG bfdl dI ijwq pwkI krn ivwc muKBuimkf inBfeI sI. mMinaf jFdf hY ik jdoN kYptnny vyiKaf ik afm afdmI pfrtI dy DfkV AumIdvfr jrnYl isMG nfl isDy mukfbly ivwc s[

pRkfÈ isMG bfdl dI hfr pwkI hY qF Auh bfdl-ivroDI votF vMzf ky s[ bfdl dI ijwq pwkI krnleI dohF ivwc af mYdfn ivwc inqry sn. nqIjfsB dy sfhmxy hY ik bfdl ivroDI votF dy kYptnaqy jrnYl isMG ivwc vMzy jfx dy PlsrUp hI s[bfdl afpxy jIvn dI afKrI cox ivwc hfr dfmUMh vyKx qoN bc gey. jgmIq isMG brfV dIrfjnYiqk afqm-hiqaf : iksy smyN kFgRs pfrtIdy coxvyN muwKI kOmIafgUaF ivwc igxyjFdy rhy s[ jgmIqisMG brfV, jo injIAuc KfihÈF dfiÈkfr ho afpxysmucy rfjsI jIvnivwc iksy nfl vIbxf ky nf rK sky,ny afiKr afpxyhQIN afpxI rfjnY-iqk afqm-hiqafkr leI aqy sfbqkr idwqf ik ivclq (bycYn) mn dy mflk s[brfV afiKr afpxy afpdy vI bx ky nf rih sky.ieiqhfs guafh hY ik lgBg 42 vrHy pihlF AunHFÈRomxI akflI dl dy srpRsq s[ pRkfÈ isMGbfdl ƒ, afpxy ipqf s[ gurmIq isMG brfV dfkfql grdfnidaF, AunHF dI agvfeI (pRDfngI)vfly ÈRomxI akflI dl nfloN sdIvI iknfrf krilaf sI. hux jdik AunHF s[ suKbIr isMG bfdl,sfhmxy afqm-smrpx kr, ÈRomxI akflI dl(bfdl) ivwcly sInIar mIq pRDfnF dI lfeIn ivwcKiVaF hox df 'mfx` pRfpq kr ilaf aqy ies'aduqI pRfpqI` pur AunHF ny ijs qrHF bglF vjfxIaF ÈurU kIqIaF hn, Aus pur hYrfnI pRgtkridaF ÈRomxI akflI dl (bfdl) dI rfjnIqIdy jfxkfr ieh khy ibnF nhIN rih pf rhy ikafiKr s[ jgmIq isMG brfV ny afp hI afpxIrfjsI afqmhiqaf kr leI hY. Auh qF ieQoN qkvI kihMdy hn ik s[ jgmIq isMG brfV ny aijhfkridaF afpxy ipqf dI mOq ƒ vI 'ivsfr` idwqf.Auh mMndy hn ik s[ jgmIq isMG brfV (sfbkfkFgrsI sFsd) hux akflI bx gey hn. iesdy

nfl hI Auh ieh vI dsdy hn ik lgBg 42 vrHyqoN bfdl pirvfr ivruD morcf sMBflI cly af rhy,s[ jgmIq isMG brfV ny bfdl pirvfr ivruD doivDfn sBf aqy iqMn loksBf coxF lVIaF. sMn-1999 ivwc hoeIaF loksBf coxF ivwc qF AunHF nys[ suKbIr isMG bfdl ƒ hrf, loksBf ivwcphuMcx ivwc sPlqf vI pRfpq kr leI sI. iehIrfjsI mfihr dsdy hn ik s[ jgmIq isMG brfV

dy ipqf s[ gurmIq isMGbrfV sfbkfmuwK mMqRI pMjfbaqy sfbkfpRDfn ÈRomxIakflI dl(bfdl) s[pRkfÈ isMGbfdl dy bhuqhI nyVly sfQIaFivwc mMny jFdyysn. Auh iqMn

vfr coxF ijwq pMjfb ivDfn sBf dy mYNbr vI bxy.ñù÷÷ ivwc, jdoN s[ pRkfÈ isMG bfdl loksBfdI mYNbriÈp qoN asqIPf dy, pihlI vfr pMjfb dymuwK mMqRI bxy, qF Aus smyN s[ gurmIq isMG brfVAunHF vloN KflI kIqI geI loksBf dI sIt pur hoxvflI Aup-cox lVnf cfhuMdy sn. s[ bfdl dInyVqf pRfpq hox kfrx AunHF ƒ pUrf ivÈvfs sIik s[ pRkfÈ isMG bfdl AunHF ƒ iksy vI qrHFinrfÈ nhIN krngy, pr s[ bfdl AunHF nflvfiedf krky vI afKrI plF ivwc, AunHF ƒ itktdyx qoN munkr ho gey. ijsdf AunHF (s[ gurmIqisMG brfV) ƒ aijhf gihrf Dwkf lgf, jo AunHFleI jfnlyvf sfbq ho inbiVaf. Aus smyN qoN hIs[ jgmIq isMG brfV, s[ pRkfÈ isMG bfdl ƒafpxy ipqf df kfql grdfnidaF AunHF ivruDmorcf sMBflI cly af rhy sn. lMmyN smyN qoN akflIrfjnIqI nfl juVy cly af rhy rfjsI mfihrF dImfnqf hY ik s[ pRkfÈ isMG bfdl Auh rfjsI nyqfhn, ijnHF afpxy pUry rfjsI jIvn ivwc iksy vIsmyN rhy afpxy ivroDI ƒ kdI bKiÈaf nhIN.ieiqhfs guafh hY ik AunHF smF afAux qy AunHF ny

afpxy hr ivroDIƒ ivÈvfs dI'glvkVI` dfinG dy, aijhIjgHf iljf mfiraf, ijQy AuhpfxI qk nhINmMg sikaf. AunHFdf kihxf hY ikhux vyKdy hF, s[jgmIq isMGbrfV kdoN qks[ bfdl dI'glvkVI` dfinG mfxdy rih skdy hn.

aqy aMq ivwc : pMjfb kFgRs dy keIpurfxy afgU dsdy hn ik afl ieMzIaf kFgRs dyieiqhfs ivwc iewk smF aijhf vI afieaf sI jdoNAusdy arjn isMG, (aYnzI) iqvfVI afid vrgyAucy kd dy keI cotI dy afgUaF ny mUl kFgRs nfloNnfqf qoV, alg afl ieMzIaf kFgRs (iqvfVI) dfgTn kr ilaf sI. arjn isMG nfl nyVqf hoxkfrx s[ jgmIq isMG brfV aqy s[ bIrdivMdrisMG ny vI afpxy sfQIaF smyq mUl kFgRs nfloNnfqf qoV iqvfVI kFgRs ivwc ÈmUlIaq kr leI.iqvfVI kFgRs dy muKIaF ny pfrtI vloN pMjfb leIdo ahudy rfKvyN kIqy. iewk kOmI jnrl skqwr dfaqy dUjf pMjfb pRdyÈ dy pRDfn df. ienHF kFgRsIaFanusfr cfhIdf qF ieh sI ik s[ jgmIq isMGbrfV ienHF dohF ahuidaF ivcoN iek afp lY lYNdyaqy dUsrf afpxy nfl afey bIrdivMdr isMG ƒdy, afpsI sFJ ƒ pky rUp ivwc kfiem kr lYNdy.pr AunHF ny aijhf nf kIqf qy dovyN ahudy afpxypfs hI rK ley. ijsdf nqIjf ieh hoieaf ikdohF, s[ jgmIq isMG brfV aqy s[ bIrdivMdrisMG ivwc aijhI dUrI bxI, jo awj qk imt nhINskI. iesy Gtnf df hvflf idMidaF ieh purfxyakflI Ëor dy ky afKdy hn ik AunHF ƒ ivÈvfsnhIN ik s[ jgmIq isMG brfV bhuqf smF ÈRomxIakflI dl (bfdl) dy sInIar mIq pRDfnF lMmIlfeIn ivwc afpxy afp ƒ bhuqf smF KiVaF rWK skx.

lok sBf coxF: bfdl-kYptn gTjoV hox dI crcf?

jsvMq isMG ‘ajIq`

BfrqI lokqMqr ivwc iBRÈtfcfr df bol-bflf hY.iBRÈtfcfr df muwdf inwq nvyN idn aÉbfrF dIaFsurKIaF btordf hY. dyÈ dy vwzy nyqfvF df nfmiBRÈtfcfr dy vwKo-vwKry mfmilaF 'c Cpdf hY. kdyrfPyl, kdy cfrf, kdy tU jI spYktrm, kdy kfmnvYlQ gymË Gutfly crcf 'c hn jF crcf 'crhy, pr nOkrÈfhI dy kfrn jo iBRÈtfcfr afm lokhMZf rhy hn, Aus bfry kdy koeI crcf hI nhINhuMdI. roËfnf iËMdgI ivwc lokF ƒ vwKo-vwKrIaFsrkfrI shUlqF pRfpq krn leI vwZI dyxI pYNdIhY, ies kfrn muÈklF JwlxIaF pYNdIaF hn. coxFdy dOrfn vwzy Gutfly, Gply, isafsI pfrtIaF dyvfiedy, byruËgfrI, pfxIaF dy msly, BuwKmrI idwqIaF jf rhIaF srkfrI shUlqF muwdy bxdy hn,iehnf muwidaF qy aDfrq votrF qoN vot mMgI jFdIhY pr nOkrÈfhI vloN lokF dI jybF kwtx df muwdf,kdy vI cox muwdf nhIN bxdf! hflFik dyÈ 'c inqpRqI df ieh inwkf ijhf, Cotf ijhf, vwZI-qMqr pUrydyÈ ivwc inrfÈf aqy by-sbrI df mfhOl pYdf krirhf hY.

srkfrI nOkrI qoN syvf-mukq hoey kuJiewk nOkrÈfhF ny dsqÉq krky iewk mMg pwqrdyÈ dy rfÈtrpqI dy sfhmxy rwiKaf ik dyÈ dfcox kimÈn, inrpwKqf aqy pfrdrÈqf nfl kMmnhIN kr irhf. Auhnf ikhf ik cox kimÈn dI iehkfrvfeI lokqMqr leI vwzf Kqrf hY. ieh swc vI hY.

pr ieh nOkrÈfh, afpxy sfQInOkrÈfhF aqy dyÈ dI bfbUÈfhI vloN kIqy jf rhyiBRÈtfcfr pRqI awKF mItI bYTy hn, ijhnf nyBfrqI lokqMqr ƒ Gux vFgr Kfxf ÈurU kIqf hY.ies nOkrÈfhI, bfbUÈfhI ny dyÈ dI inafpfilkf ƒvI nhIN bÉiÈaf, ijQy GuspYNT krky Aus qMqrivwc vI iBRÈtfcfrI pRivrqI pYdf kr idwqI jfpdI

hY. ijsdI Audfhrn vjoN ipCly idnIN suprIm kortdy muwK jwj dy afcrx Auqy iewk sfbkf aOrqkrmcfrx vloN icwkV AuCflx 'qy vyKI jf skdI hY.

BfrqI nfgirkF vloN pYr-pYr 'qy iBRÈtfcfr df sfhmxf krn dI swmisaf bhuqvwzI hY. iBRÈtfcfr df ieh jfl isrÌ puls qMqrivwc nhIN, sgoN hryk mihkmy 'c vwZI dyxf ijvyNirvfË hI bx igaf hY. koeI kMm AudoN qwk pUrf qyqswlI bÉÈ hoieaf nhIN igixaf jFdf, jdoN qwkpYsy df lYx-dyx nf kr ilaf jfvy. bMdf afpxyhwQ ivwc kIqy hoey kMm df kfgË cuwkI iPrdf hY,pr mnF 'c qswlI hI nhI huMdI ik kMm ho igaf hYaqy kMm TIk ho igaf hY.

BfrqI nOkrÈfh mOkf imlidaF hIisvl srivs koz ivwc idwqI geIaF qfkqF dIvrqoN kyvl afpxy ihwq leI hI krn lwgy hn aqydyÈ dI grIb jnqf df ÈoÈx krn dy nfl-nflkilafxkfrI XojnfvF leI vMzI jfx vflI rfÈI'c vI hyrf-PyrI krn lwgy hn. kyNdr srkfr nyipCly 4 sflF ivwc afeI ey aYs aÌsrF ivruwDisrÌ 23 kys 2015 qoN 2018 drimafn drËkIqy hn. sfl 2015 'c 16 kys 2016 'c 3 kysaqy 2017 ivwc cfr kys drË hoey. dyÈ Br ivwcafeI ey aYs aÌsr dI igxqI ies vyly 5000 hY.ies dOrfn isrÌ iqMn afeI pI aYs aÌsrF aqy22 BfrqI rYivinAU aÌsrF (afeI afr aYs) Auqykys drË hoey. pr hYrfnI dI gwl qF ieh hY ikiBRÈtfcfrI kfrvfeIaF leI rMgy hwQ PVy jfx qyvI nOkrÈfhF Auqy mukwdmf clfAux leI srkfrdI mnËUrI loVINdI huMdI hY. so isrÌ ies smyNdOrfn cfr afeI ey aYs, iewk afeI pI aYs aqy 8afeI afr aYs aÌsr hI nOkrI qoN kwZy gey.

Bfrq dy iewk nOkrÈfh aqy sfbkf cIP

ivjIlYNs kimÈnr aYn ivTul df kihxf sI iknOkrÈfh isafsqdfnF qoN vI vD iBRÈt hn, ikAuNik rfj nyqfvF ƒ qF jnqf iewk nIaq smyNqoN bfad htf skdI hY pr nOkrÈfh pUry syvf kflqwk iBRÈtfcfr krdf rihMdf hY.

nOkrÈfhF 'c Kfs krky puils ivwciBRÈtfcfr dI vwD rhI pRivrqI dy mwdynËr iessmwisaf ƒ smJidaF iewk vwzy puils aiDkfrIpRkfÈ isMG ny AuWc inaFpfilkf ivwc puils suDfrleI 2006 ivwc iewk irwt dfKl kIqf sI, ijs ƒsvIkfr kridaF dyÈ dI suprIm kort ny aMgryËFvloN lfgU puils aYkt, 1861 ivwc qbdIlI aqysuDfrF leI srkfr ƒ hukm idwqy,qF ik puils dysfmMqvfdI ZFcy dI ivjfey ieh ZFcf lokqMqirkho sky. prMqU srivs koz bdlx leI srkfr vloNkoeI vI Auprfly nhIN kIqy gey.

afeI ey aYs aÌsr dyÈ dy nOkrÈfhFdI rIVH dI hwzI hn, ijhVy dyÈ dy ivkfs ivwc vwzfXogdfn pfAuNdy hn. Auhnf ËuMmy dyÈ dy ivkfs, lokdy kilafx dIaF XojnfvF bnfAux df vwzf kMmhuMdf hY.

ibnHF Èwk Auhnf ny dyÈ dy isafsqdfnFdy ieÈfiraF Auqy kMm krnf huMdf hY, pr sMivDfnivwc imly aqy srkfr dy kMm kfj clfAux leIimly aiDkfrF dI vrqoN ivDIpUrvk krn df vwzfËuMmf iehnF aÌsrF hwQ hI huMdf hY, ijs qoN bhuqIvyr ieh vwzy aÌsr isafsI dÉl aMdfËI jFlflc bws ho ky iQVk jFdy hn.

2014 ivwc iBRÈtfcfr df muwdf AucfeIaFAuqy sI, ijs ivwc nOkrÈfhF qy isafsqdfnF dIkuJ msilaF ivwc ÈmUlIaq vyKx ƒ imlI sI.nvIN srkfr dy gTn vyly ieh afs sI ik iehGply nMgy hoxgy, nOkrÈfhF ƒ imsflI sËf imlygI, pr afr tI afeI dy iBRÈtfcfr nfl lVn

vfly iewk vlMtIar gopflpRÈfd anusfrXU[pI[ey[ dIsrkfr vFgr hIaYn zI ey dImodI srkfr vInOkrÈfhF dyi B R È t f c f r mfmilaF ƒ nwQnhIN pf skI.afeI ey aYsaiDkfrIaF vloNvwzy isafsqdfnFvFgr afmdn qoN vwD jfiedfd bnfAux dIaFÉbrF crcf ivwc rihMdIaF hn. isafsqdfn qFafpxI afmdn df ibAurf pMj sflF bfad coxlVn vyly iewk GoÈxf pwqr rfhIN jnqk krdyhn. pr sfl 2017 aqy 2018 ivwc dyÈ dy 80afeI ey aYs aÌsrF ny afpxI cwl-acwljfiedfd sbMDI GoÈxf hI nhIN kIqI aqy nf hI dyÈdy ivjYlYNs ivBfg qoN koeI ieqrfj nhIN df sr-tIPIkyt pRfpq kIqf. hYrfnI vflI gwl qF ieh vIhY nOkrÈfhF ivruwD sI bIafeI vloN 2017 ivwc632 kys iBRÈtfcfr dy drË hoey jdik 2016 'cieh igxqI 673 aqy 2015 'c ieh igxqI 617sI. BfvyN ik anusUicq jfqIaF dy vËIiPaF 'cGutfly, pRÈn pwqr lIkyj aqy hor iBRÈtfcfrImfmilaF ivwc kuJ afeI ey aYs aÌsrF ivruwD aYPafeI afr drj hoeIaF. cfrf Gutfly dy mfmly 'clflU pRÈfd Xfdv dy nfl nOkrÈfhF dy nfm vI juVy.pr keI hflqF 'c iehnf aÌsrF ƒ sËfvF nhIN imlIaF. dyÈ dy ÈfÈn qMqr dI muwK DurI nOkrÈfhI

(bfkI sPf 22 ‘qy)

iBRÈtfcfr nfl nwko-nwk BrI BfrqI nOkrÈfhI

gurmIq plfhI


zf[ suKidafl isMG dI ikqfb, “jIvn ieiqhfsgurU nfnk sfihb”, pVH irhf sI ijs ivc lyKkny aKOqI bfly vflI jnmsfKI, jo ik hMdflIafˆvwloˆ1658 eI: ivwc ilKvfeI geI sI, nUM 1540 eI: dIsfibq krn dI asPl koiÈÈ kIqI geI hY. “BfeIbfly vflI jnmsfKI iswK ieiqhfs dI Auh pihlIilKq hY ijs nUM gurU aMgd dyv jI ny 1540 eI:ivwc afpxI hËUrI ivwc aqy afpxy afdyÈfˆ anusfrBfeI bfly pfsoˆ sux ky aqy BfeI pYVf jI pfsoîlKvf ky iqafr krvfieaf”. (pMnf 61)

zf[ suKidafl isMG ny sMkyqk qOr qy jomUl pfT idwqf hY Auh zf suirMdr isMG kohlI dIikqfb qoˆ ilaf igaf hY. ijs bfry zf kohlI afpilKdf hY ik myrf sroq KrVf nMbr 863 hY. zfkohlI vwloˆ idwqf igaf mUl pfT,ÈuD pfT nhI hY .zf gurbcn kOr vlo idwqf igaf mUl pfT, jo 1715ibkRmI (1658 eI:) vflI asl ilKq qoˆ AuqfrfkIqf hoieaf hY, ÈuD pfT hY. suirMdr isMG kohlIvwloˆ idwqf igaf pfT aÈuwD hY. ies ivc 1582ibkRmI nUM 1592 ibkRmI kr idwqf igaf hY aqyasl ilKq dIafˆ kuJ sfKIafˆ nUM nhIˆ Cfipafigaf. ieh KrVf (nM:863) pMjfb XUnIvristIcMzIgVH ivc ipaf hY.

“agY vyKy ikaf, gurU aMgd jI vfxvtdf bYTf hY. qfˆ bfly sMDU jfiemQf tyikaf. qfâgoˆ gurU aMgd afiKaf, afE BfeI siq krqfr.bYTIey jI. gurU aMgd rsy vtxoˆ rih igaf. bflynUM puCix lgf, BfeI isKfˆ ikQoˆ afieaf. ikAuˆ krafvxf hoieaf. ar kvx hoˆdyhoˆ. bfly sMDU hiQ joVkirardfis kIqI: jI gurU jI jtytf huMdf hfˆ. goqRsMDU. bflf nfAuˆ hY.[[[iPr gurU aMgd puiCaf: BfeIbflf quih gurU nfnk izTf sI? iPr bfly kihaf,jI mYQoˆqRY vrHy gurU nfnk jI vwzf sI.[[[ieqnI mYˆsuxdf sI aqy jI hor BI suxIdI sI jo mihqy kflUMiqqy smyˆ jnm pqRI ilKfeI sMmq 1592 ib[(1535 eI[) imqI vYsfK sudI pMcmI. iPir gurUaMgd kihaf, BfeI bflf ikvyˆ jnm pqRI BI hiQafvy”. (pMnf 48)asl ilKq ivc qfˆ jnm pWqRIilKx df sfl 1582 ibkRmI hY. zf suKidafl isMGny bfly vflI jnmsfKI dI alocnf krn vfilafˆleI bhuq hI hlky pwDr dI BfÈf (byÈrm aqyÈrfrqI)df pRXog kIqf hY.

clo! sfzy vrigafˆ leI qf ieh pVHyilKy ivdvfn, Kfs qOr qy pMjfbI XUnIvristI dyivdvfn aksr hI ajyhy Èbd vrq dy rihMdyhn.pr zf suKidafl isMG ny qfˆ s[ krm isMGihstorIan aqy rqn isMG BMgU nUM vI nhIbÉiÈaf.ienHfˆ bfry ilKdy hn, “krm isMG ihstorIan nfˆ dy iswK skflr ny qfˆ BfeI bfly nUMrwd krn leI Bfˆq-Bfˆq dy idRÈtfˆq dy ky anykfˆ

pMny kfly kr rwKy hn.[[[ieh qfˆ Èukr kro ik CyqIhI 1920 ivc akflI lihr cwl peI nhIˆ qfˆ sfzyiswK skflrfˆ krm isMG ihstorIan aqy rqnisMG BMgU jYisafˆ ny qfˆ sfzy iswK ieiqhfs dI rUpryKf hI ibgfV dyxI sI”. (pMnf 56)

“Aus qoˆ bfad bIhvIˆ sdI dy afrMBivwc krm isMG ihstorIan ny ies vfd-ivvfd nUMcuwk ilaf sI. Aus ny 1920ivafˆ ivc iek ikqfbilK mfrI kwqk ik ivsfK`. ies ivc Aus ny BfeIbfly bfry, bfly vflI jnmsfKI bfry, kwqk dIpUrnmfÈI bfry afpxy idl dI pUrI BVfs kwZI hY”.

(pMnf 120)dUjy pfsy zf suKidafl isMG, eIÈr isMG

nfrf dI ikqfb bfry ilKdf hY, “ies df pUryivsQfr nfl jvfb igafnI eIÈr isMG nfrf ny1970 eI: ivc afpxI ikqfb ivsfK nhI kwqkilK ky idwqf sI. ieh 206 pMinafˆ dI pusqk ivclyKk ny gurU nfnk sfihb dy kwqk dI pUrnmfÈIbfry, BfeI bfly dI ieiqhfsk hoˆd bfry aqy BfeIbfly vflI jnmsfKI dI ieiqhfsk prmfixkqfbfry bhuq gMBIr iksm df aiDaYn kIqf hY. iesgMBIr aiDaYn dy sfhmxy krm isMG ihstorIandIafˆ dlIlfˆ aqy nukqy iekdm hlky hn. igafnI

eIÈr nfrf dI ivÈy pRqI gMBIrqf aqy krm isMGihstorIan df ivÈy pRqI hlkfpx hyT ilKIafˆtUkfˆ qoˆ hI sfbq ho jfˆdf hY” (pMnf 121)

ieh hn zf suKidafl isMG dy ivcfr s[krm isMG ihstorIan aqy eIÈr isMG nfrf pRqI.s[ krm isMG ny iliKaf hY ik mYnUM sMmq 1781ibkRmI (1724 eI:) dI hwQ ilKq jgrfvfˆ dy iekzyry c imlI hY. (pMnf 115) Ausy jnmsfKI dI AunHfˆny alocnf kIqI hY. eIÈr isMG nfrf ny afpxIikqfb ivwc krm isMG dI ilKq nUM Tos qwQfˆ dyaDfr qy rwd nhIˆ kIqf. iÉaflI pulfE hI bxfey

hn. cMd dy kYlMzr dIafˆ qfrIÉfîjnHfˆ nUM vdI-sudI ikhf jfˆdf hY aqyqfrIÉfˆ dI adlf-bdlI ivc qfˆ AuhburI qrHfˆ AuliJaf hoieaf hY. Aus nyafpxI ilKq ivc bhuq sfrIafˆglq ibafnIafˆ kIqIafˆ hn. AunHfîvcoˆ isrP iek JUT bfry ivcfrkrnI hY. Auh hY zf bI vI rmn vwloˆbxfieaf igaf tyvf.

“ivsfK nhIˆ kwqk” ivceIÈr isMG nfrf ilKdf hY, “hux vIjoqÈ dy iek mhfˆ ivdvfn ny dunIafˆdy bhuq vwzy lokfˆ dIafˆ purfqn jnmkuMzlIafˆ lwB ky AunHfˆ dy jnm idn qysMmq sflfˆ dy ihsfb kwZ ky aMgRyËIdI iek pusqk keI sflf dI imhnqmgroˆ ilKI qy sMn 1956 ivwc CfpIhY. Aus df nfm AunHfˆ ny (notyblhfrskop-bI vI rmn) tfeItl qyiliKaf hY, sÌf 73 Auqy Ausny sRIgurU nfnk jnm idn `kwqk pUrnmfÈI` sMmq 1526 mwGr 9(nvMbr 8 sMn 1469) dwisaf qyaYsf hI nYÈnl lfiebRyrI nvIˆ idlIdI purfqn jnmsfKI df hvflf ipCyidwqf hY”. (pMnf 146)

pfTk iDafn dyx, eIÈr isMGnfrf vwloˆ zf rmn dy hvfly nfl idwqI geI qfrIK,kwqk dI pUrnmfÈI sMmq 1526 ibkRmI, mwGr 9aqy 8 nvMbr 1469 eI: hY. ijvy mYˆ pihlf iliKafhY ik eIÈr isMG nfrf qfrIÉfˆ dI adlf-bdlIivc ivwc burI qrHfˆ AuliJaf hoieaf hY, ieh AusdI pRqwK Audfhrx hY. afE, ies qfrIK dIpVqfl krIey. kwqk dI pUrnmfÈI sMmq 1526ibkRmI, nUM 21 kwqk, 20 akqUbr 1469 eI: (OS) idn Èukrvfr sI. 8 nvMbr 1469 eI: nUM 11mwGr, mwGr sudI 4, idn buwDvfr sI. 9 mwGr nUMmwGr sudI 2, nvMbr 6 idn somvfr sI. dwso huxies qfrIK qoˆ kI smiJaf jfvy. dUjy pfsy zf rmn

vwloˆ bxfey geytyvy ivwc“Birth De-tails -Bornon 8th non-m e m b e r1470 (os)”drj hY. iesmuqfbk gurU jIdf jnm kwqkdI pUrnmfÈI, 11 mwGr, sMmq 1527 ibkRmI bxdfhY.Xfd rhy,zf rmn ny afp Koj nhIˆ kIqI. Aus nyqfˆ igafnI nfhr isMG vwloˆ idwqI geI jfxkfrI dyaDfr qy tyvf bxfieaf sI.

“I am indebted to Mr. NaharSingh Gyani of Gujjarwal, Ludhiana Dis-trict,for the birth details of Guru Nanak.According to most reliable sources, theGuru was born on the Full Moon day ofKarthika, Samvat 1526, Thursday atmidnight, in the nakshatra of Krittika,SimhaLagna[ (Notable Horoscopes,Page 74)

ikMnI hYrfnI dI gwl hY ik eIÈr isMG 8nvMbr 1470 eI: dy tyvy nUM, 20 nvMbr 1469 eI:dy hwk ivc Bugqf irhf hY, ies qoˆ vwzf koeI JUTfaqy jfalsfË ho skdf hY? eIÈr isMG nfrf hInhI zf idlgIr vI ies tyvy df hvflf dy ky gurUjI df jnm kwqk df sfibq krdf hY. zfsuKidafl isMG vI afpxI ikqfb ivc, ijs ivcpRo: gurmuK isMG aqy s[ krm isMG ihstorIanleI, ies dI nÌrq Aubfly mfr rhI hY, eIÈrisMG nfrf nUM Auqm drjy df KojI ilK irhf hY.“ies dy nfl hI pfTk eIÈr isMG nfrf dI pusqkìvsfK nhIˆ kwqk` pVH lYx, qfˆ sfry ÈMky hInivrq ho jfxgy”. (pMnf 78)

mYˆ dfvy nfl kih skdf hfˆ ik eIÈrisMG nfrf aqy zf hrijMdr isMG idlgIr, jo iestyvy nUM afpxy hwk ivc Bugqf rhy hn, ies tyvy dydrÈn vI nhIˆ kIqy hoxgy. nhIˆ qfˆ 8 nvMbr 1470eI: dy tyvy df 20 akqUbr 1469 eI: dI qfrIKnUM shI sfibq krn leI hvflf ikvyˆ dy skdy sn.myrf iKafl hY ik zf suKidafl isMG ny vI eIÈrisMG nfrf dI ikqfb nhIˆ pVHI, jy pVHI hY qfˆ AunHfˆnUM smJ nhI afeI.

pRo gurmuK isMG aqy krm isMG dy ivroDivc aMny hoey ieiqhfskfr ny, ibnf socy smJy,ibnfîkqfb pVHy hI eIÈr isMG nfrf dI ikqfb “ivsfKnhIˆ kwqk” dIafˆ isPqfˆ dy pul bMn idwqy hn.iehhY ajoky ieiqhfskfrfˆ dI aslIaq .

ajoky ieiqhfskfrfˆ dy kOqk

srvjIq isMG sYkrfmYˆto916-230-2102

prvfs Èbd pr aqy vfs do ÈbdF df sumylhY.pr qoN Bfv dUsrf jF prfieaf huMdf hY, vfs iksyQF dy rihx jF vwsx ƒ kihMdy hn.ies qrRF Èbdprvfs iksy dUjI QF qy jf ik vwsx ƒ aqy rihxvfly lokF ƒ prvfsI kihMdy hn. Auh ivakqI joapxf vqn iqafg ik aximwQy smyN leI ivdyÈclf jfdf hY.

pMjfbI ny vIhvIN sdI dy afrMB ivwcruËgfr qy afriQk pwKoN vDyry kfmXfb hox leIprvfs Dfrn kridaF XUrpI qy amrIkI mhfdIpFivwc prvfs kIqf. vrqmfn smyN pMjfbIaF dIvwK-vwK mMqvF aDIn prvfs Dfrn krn dI rucIinrMqr jfrI hY. Kfskfr nOjvfn pIVHI df AuWciswiKaF pRfpqI leI prvfs iewk irvfj ijhf hIho cwkf hY.

asl ivwc AuhnF df muwK AudyÈ isrÌpVHnf nhIN, blik pwCmI dyÈF ivwc pwky qOr qyrihxf hY. awj pMjfb dy ipMzF dy ipMz nOjvfnI pIVHIqoN KflI ho gey jfpdy hn. ikAuNik sYkMzrI iswiKaFpRfpqI qoN (afeIilts dy pypr) bfad ivdyÈF dykfljF ivwc pVHn dI iejfjq iml jfdI hY.byÈwkjdoN vI koeI nOjvfn prvfs krdf hY. bhuq hIafÈfvfdI soc muqfibk hI Aujvwl BwivK dIklpnf krdf hY aqy pRfpqIaF vI kr irhf hY.ijhVy pirvfr afriQk pwK qoN kuJ sfl pihlfkmjor sn, AunHF dy bwcy ivdyÈf ivwc BfvyN pVHfeI

dy qOr qy gey sn, afriQkqf pwKoN hYrfnIjnkbdlfa afieaf hY. ijs kfrn nOjvfn vrg dfivdyÈf ƒ jfx df ruJfn vwD cuwkf hY.

ijs qrRF iewk Ìsl dy bIj AuWgx smyN

Kyq ivwc ndIn afpxy afp AuWg afAuNdf hY. AusyqrRF ijwQy prvfs pMjfbI lokF leI vrdfn sfibqhoieaf hY qF vrdfn bdly kuJ sfrp vI Jwlxfipaf hY. prvfs isrÌ ÈOk hI nhIN blik mjbUrIvI hY. ijhVI nOjvfnI prvfs kr rhI hY, iewkicMqk pIVHI hY. ikAuNik sfzy dyÈ ivwc KfÈkrpMjfb ivwc rujgfr dy shI mOky nhIN pRfpq nhIN

huMdy. ies dy Ault pwCmI dyÈF ivwc AuWcy drjy dIivwidaF dy nfl-nfl ruËgfr dy avsr vI pRfpqho jfdy hn, byÈuwk pVHfeI dy nfl-nfl kMm krnfbhuq kiTn huMdf hY. pr jd kIqI kmfeI dI guxF

50 nfl huMdI hY, sfryduwK Buwl jfdyhn.ivdyÈF ivwc rihxvfly lokF qoN AuhnF dIafmdn df kuJ ihwsftYks dy rUp ivwc ilafjfdf hY. pr iesbdly AunHF ƒ suwKshUlqF pRdfn kIqIaFhn. sB qoN aihm gwlivdyÈF ivwc rih rhylokF ƒ afpxy BwivKdI icMqf dUr ho jfdIhY. ikAuNik sfzIaF muwZlIaF loVF ivwcoN

aihm loV iswiKaF qy ishq dI hY. jo AuQoN dIaFsrkfrF muPq pRdfn krdI hY. jykr sfzy mulkvwl nËr mfrI jfvy qF sfzy iswiKaF qy ishqmMqrI vI anpVH jF bhuq Gwt pVHy huMdy hn, AunHFqoN kI afs rwKI jf skdI hY? kul imlf ik ikhfjf skdf hY, BfvyN ivdyÈf ivwc rih ik bhuq sÉqimhnq krnI pYNdI hY.iPr vI Aus dy bdly Auh

sfrIaF suwK shUlqFimldIaF hn, ijMnHF dfaslI hwkdfr hriewk nfgirk huMdf hY.i r È v q K o r I , iBRÈtfcfr bhuq Gwthox kfrn dyÈ qrwkIdy rsqy vwl ƒ vwDdfclf jfdf hY. ienHFkfrkF krky ajokInojvfnI pIVHI ivdyÈF vwl iKwcI cwlI jf rhI hY.

jykr ies iswky dy dUjy pihlU ƒ dyiKafjfvy qF prvfs dy nkfrqmk kfrk vI sfhmxyafAuNdy hn. ijMnHF ivwcoN sB qoN aihm gwl nojvfnIƒ afpxI jnm-BUmI qy jnm-diqaF qoN dUr hoxfpYNdf hY. dUsrf jdoN qoN ivdyÈF ivwc pVfeI krn dfruJfn ÈurU hoieaF hY qF pMjfb dI afriQkqf ƒ vIbhuq vwzf Dwkf lwigaF hY, ikAuNik pMjfb dI sfrIkmfeI qF ivdyÈF ivwc ÌIsF rfhI jf rhI hY. jopMjfb dI kMgflI df pRmuwK kfrn vI hY.

vYsy qF koeI kMm Cotf vwzf nhIN huMdf,hwQI ikrq sB qoN vwzI hY. pr ivdyÈI ruJfn kfrnhuiÈafr bwcy ivdyÈF ƒ jf cuwky hn. AuQy hotlF,pYtrol pMpF, tYksI clfAux (lybr) afid kMm krrhy hn. ijs kfrn pMjfb ivwc pMjfbIaF ivwc

(bfkI sPf 21 ‘qy)

pMjfbI nOjvfnI df prvfs, vrdfn jF srfp

pRo[ gurvIr isMG srOd,mlyrkotlf


Auwqr pRdyÈ - 80mhfrfÈtr - 48

pwCmI bMgfl - 42ibhfr - 40

qimlnfzU - 39lok sBf sItfˆ dI igxqI dy ilhfË nfl dyKIey qfˆBfrq dy ieh pMj sUby byhwd aihm nËr afAuˆdyhn, ies leI Ëfihr hY ik idwlI `c srkfr bxfAux `c ienHfˆ sUibafˆ dI mwqvpUrn BUimkfhovygI. ipClIafˆ lok sBf coxfˆ nqIijafˆ `qy nËrmfrIey qfˆ Auwqr pRdyÈ `c swqf iDr BfrqI jnqfpfrtI nUM 71 sItfˆ, mhfrfÈtr ivwc 23, pwCmIbMgfl `c 2, ibhfr `c 22 aqy qimlnfzU `c 1sIt imlI sI.

i s a f s I ivÈlyÈkfˆ df mMnxf hY iksfl 2014 ivwc afm coxfâqy 2019 dIafˆ afm coxfˆ`c bhuq Prk hY. jfxkfrfˆdf aMdfËf hY ik ies vfrlok sBf coxfˆ dy sfry aMkVyipClI vfr nfloˆ lgBgAult-pult nËr afAuxgyaqy ies dy keI kfrn hn.

jykr kuJ nhIˆbdlygf qfˆ Auh kyˆdr `csrkfr bxfAux `c ienHfˆpMjfˆ sUibafˆ df Xogdfn.hux iewk-iewk krky ienHfˆsfry sUibafˆ dy isafsI hflfq `qy iewk Jfq mfrdy hfˆ-

qimlnfzUdwKxI Bfrq `c qimlnfzU `c lok sBf

dIafˆ 39 sItfˆ hn. hflfîk ies vfr coxfˆ isrÌ38 sItfˆ `qy hoeIafˆ hn ikAuîk vYwlor sIt `qy coxfˆrwd kr idwqIafˆ geIafˆ sn. iewQy Bfjpf aqykfˆgrs ny vwK-vwK nfl mhfgTjoV kIqy hn prkeI sUby `c keI nvIafˆ pfrtIafˆ vI AuBrIafˆ hn.

aMgryËI aÉbfr ìd ihMdU` dy pwqrkfraqy qimlnfzU dI isafsq `qy nËr rwKx vfly zI[suryÈ kumfr df kihxf hY ik qimlnfzU `c Bfjpfaqy kfˆgrs vrgy kOmI dlfˆ dI BUimkf byhwd sImqhY. suryÈ df mMnxf hY, "qimlnfzU `c Bfjpf dyiÉlfÌ ivroD dI lihr qfˆ hY hI, ies dy nfl hIjYlilqf dI mOq qoˆ bfad ky[ plfnIsuafmI srkfrdy iÉlfÌ leI vI swqf ivroDI lihr hY."

Auh kihMdy hn, "mOjUdf hflfq nUM dyK kylgdf hY ik qimlnfzU `c ies vfr kfˆgrs-zIaYm ky gTjoV dI siQqI mËbUq hY. Èfied Auh25-30 sItfˆ kwZ lYx." ies qoˆ ielfvf sfl 2017ivwc afey EkI qUÌfn kfrn hoeIafˆ kyˆdr srkfraqy BfrqI kost gfrz vwloˆ loVIˆdI mdd nf imlx

kfrn qy mCyirafˆ dIafˆ mOqfˆ qoˆ bfad vI kMinafkumfr dy lokfˆ ivwc ros hY.

ies qoˆ ielfvf Bfjpf dI notbMdI aqyjIaYsI vrgIafˆ afriQk nIqIafˆ koieMbtUr `cAunHfˆ dy iÉlfÌ jf skdIafˆ hn.

ies dy nfl hI iPlmI adfkfr kmlhsn dI nvIˆ bxI pfrtI kfrn nOjvfnfˆ aqy aOrqvrg df ruJfn kml hsn dI pfrtI vwl jf irhfhY. zI[ suryÈ kihMdy hn ik nIt dI pRIiKaf nUM lfgUkrnf vI qimlnfzU dy lokfˆ `c Bfjpf iÉlfÌ jfxdf krnf bxdf hY.

pwCmI bMgflsÉq surwiKaf dy bfvjUd coxfˆ dy vwK-

vwK gyVfˆ qihq pwCmI bMgfl `c ihMsf kfiem hY.

aMgryËI aÉbfr ìd tYlIgrfP` dy sInIarpwqrkfr qps cwkrvqI muqfbk ies vfr bMgfldI jMg 'modI bnfm mmqf` hY.

AunHfˆ df kihxf hY, "pwCmI bMgfl dIisafsq `c kwtVpMQI ivcfrDfrf jfˆ Bfjpf dfasr ies vyly idKxf ÈurU hoieaf jdoˆ mmqf bYnrjI `qy Gt igxqI Éfskr muslmfnfˆ nUM pRsMnkrn dy ielËfm lwgy, ijs nfl bMgfl df vwDigxqI vflf qbkf mmqf qoˆ dUr hox lwgf."

ies df Pfiedf Bfjpf ny cuwkxf ÈurUkIqf qy ieMnf hI nhIˆ AunHfˆ ny bMglfdys dI sImfnfl lgidafˆ iËilHafˆ c bMglfdys qo afey ihMdUafˆdI hmfieq krnI ÈurU kr idwqI. qps muqfbkpwCmI bMgfl dI isafsq `qy nËr rwKx vflyivÈlyÈkfˆ df aMdfËf aqy hux qwk dy ruJfn nUMdyKIey qfˆ ies vfr Bfjpf 8-10 sItfˆ ijwqx `csÌl ho skdI hY jfˆ ies qoˆ Gt qfˆ qYa hn.

jykr lokfˆ dy muwidafˆ dI gwl kIqI jfvyqfˆ qps kihMdy hn ik sQfnk isiKaq lokfˆ nUMmnBfAuˆdf ruËgfr nhIˆ iml irhf aqy AunHfˆ df bMglOr, cYnweI aqy muMbeI vrgy Èihrfˆ c ihËrqkrnf vwzf muwdf hY.

jfxkfrfˆ df kihxf hY Bfjpf afpxf pwK

mËbUq qfˆ kr rhI hY pr Aus dI phuMc ihMdIBfÈfeI lokfˆ qwk hI sImq hY.

mhfrfÈtrafÉrI vyly qwk `qUM-qUM, mYˆ-mYˆ` qoˆ

afiÉrkfr dovfˆ iÈvsYnf aqy Bfjpf df gTjoV hoigaf. ieQoˆ dI isafsq bfry gwl kridafˆ mrfTIdy aÉbfr `lokswqf` dy sMpfdk igrIÈ kubyr dfmMnxf hY ik 2019 dIafˆ coxfˆ `c asl mfainafˆ`c sB qoˆ burI hfr iÈvsYnf dI hovygI.

kubyr ies vfr mhfrfÈtr `c rfjTfkry nU àYks-PYktr` mMndy hn.

AunHfˆ ny dwisaf, "hryk coxfˆ `c koeI nfkoeI pfrtI aijhI huMdI hY ijs bfry ieh aMdfËflgfAuxf muÈikl huMdf hY ik Auh awgy kI krygI.

mhfrfÈtr c aijhf aYmaYnaYs muKI rfj Tfkryny kIqf hY. AunHfˆ ny 11-12 rYlIafˆ kIqIafˆ aqyhryk rYlI `c modI srkfr dy dfaivafˆ nUM JUTfsfibq krn vfly vIzIE idKfAuˆdy rhy."

ies qoˆ ielfvf igrIÈ kubyr df kihxfhY, "mhfrfÈtr iewk aijhf sUbf hY ijwQyÈihrIkrn df bQyrf hoieaf hY pr pyˆzU ielfikafˆvI Aunyˆ hI hn. Èihrfˆ nfl lwgy ipMzfˆ vI hn aijhyivwc ipMzfˆ dI axdyKI kfrn coxfˆ ijwqxf muÈikl hY."

Auwqr pRdyÈidwlI df rsqf Auwqr pRdyÈ qoˆ ho ky jfˆdf

hY, ieh gwl purfxI byÈwk lwgy pr rhygI hmyÈfswc. afXuiDaf `c rfm mMidr dy muwdy qoˆ lY ky kuMBaqy iPr amyTI rfeybrylI qoˆ lY ky lKnAU, iehsfrIafˆ hfeI pRoPfiel sItfˆ lgfqfr crcf df ivÈfrihMdIafˆ hn.

sInIar pwqrkfr aqy Auwqr pRdyÈ dIisafsq `qy bfrIkI nfl nËr nfl rwKx vflymihMdr pRqfp df mMnxf hY ik swqfDfrI Bfjpf nUMspf-bspf-afraYlzI koloˆ sÉq cuxOqI imlskdI hY.

AunHfˆ ny dwisaf, "hux qwk df hfl dyK

ky mYnUM lgdf hY XUpI ivwc Bfjpf dIafˆ sItfˆ krIbawDIafˆ ho jfxgIafˆ. pUrbI Auwqr pRdyÈ dIisafsq bhuq hwd qwk jfqI afDfirq hY aqy iewQygTjoV kfPI mËbUq ho ky AuBiraf hY."

mihMdr pRqfp muqfbk iewk hor gwl joies lok sBf coxfˆ nUM ipClIafˆ lok sBf coxfˆ vwKbxfAuˆdI hY Auh hY ies vfr pfrtIafˆ muslmfnfˆvotrfˆ nUM ruJfAux leI pihlfˆ vrgI hoV df nfidKxf, jd ik Auwqr pRdyÈ `c 19 PIsd votrmuslmfn hn."

ibhfribhfr dI smfijk aqy rfjnIqk siQqI

dy nËr rwKx vfly pRoPYsr zIaYm idvfkr nydwisaf ik Bfjpf leI hr cIË ipClI vfr vfˆg

sOKI qfˆ nhIˆ hY . id-vfkr mMndy hn,"ibhfr `c swqfivroDI lihr dfpRBfv hY. ies dfsbUq hY ik Bfjpfnyqfvfˆ df afpxIafˆrYlIafˆ aqy coxBfÈxfˆ `c `notbMdIàqy `jIaYstI` v r g I a f ˆ Xojnfvfˆ df iËkr nfkrky `rfÈtrvfdàqy `pfiksqfn `ceyarstRfiek` dy nfm

`qy vot mMgxf. jykr gwl lflU Xfdv dI ÊYr mOjUdgI

dI krIey qfˆ idvfkr mMndy hn ik ies df nuksfnafrjyzI nUM hovygf pr ies df dUjy pwK ieh hY iklokfˆ dy `hmdrdI vot` vI pfrtI nUM iml skdy hn.

idvfkr kihMdy hn, "qyjsvI ny ijsqrHfˆ ibhfr dI isafsq `c afpxI Qfˆ bxfeI hYAuh Èfied ies leI sMBv sikaf hY ikAuîk ipqfAunHfˆ dy nfl nhIˆ hn.

jykr lflU huMdy qfˆ qyjsvI ieMnI CyqIieh ruqbf hfisl nhIˆ kr skdy hn aqy nf hIlok ieMnI CyqI AunHfˆ pwK `c afAuˆdy."

sQfnk muwidafˆ bfry gwl kridafˆ idvfkr ny ikhf ik bfkI Qfvfˆ vfˆg byruËgfrI qfîewk XUnIvrsl muwdf bx igaf hY aqy ies qoîelfvf ibhfr `c do-iqMn muwdy hor hn.

idvfkr kihMdy hn, "ibhfr iBafnkKyqI sMkt nfl jUJ irhf hY. ies qoˆ ielfvf KyqIaqy pÈU-pflx nfl juVIafˆ dUjIafˆ smwisafvfˆ vIhn. imsfl vjoˆ ibhfr `c mwCIafˆ afˆDrf pRdyÈ qoˆdrfmd kIqIafˆ jfˆdIafˆ hn jdik sfzy iewQy pfxIaqy qlfb nfl BrpUr Kyqrfˆ dI koeI Gft nhIˆ. "

ieh 5 sUby qYa krngy lok sBf coxfˆ dy nqIjy

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aMimRqsr- lok nIqI Koj kyˆdr (pI[ pI[ afr[ sI[)vwloˆ pMjfb dI kfˆgrs srkfr dy cox mnorQ pwqrdI rIivAU irprot` jfrI kIqI hY, ijs ivc dfavfkIqf hY ik kfˆgrs ny 91PIsdI vfady pUry nhIˆ kIqy.Bfjpf ny ies irport bfrykfˆgrs srkfr nUM afpxf pwKrwKx leI ikhf hY. èy tylafP ibtryl` nfˆ dI ieh irport ieQy kyˆdrI mMqrI qyaMimRqsr sMsdI hlky qoˆBfjpf AumIdvfr hrdIpisMG purI, pMjfb Bfjpf dypRDfn Èvyq milk aqypI[pI[afr[sI[ dy afgU zf[sumIq BsIn vwloˆ jfrI kIqIgeI hY.

lok nIqI Koj kyˆdraijhI iek inwjI sMsQf hY, ijs ny keI sUibafˆ dycox mnorQ pwqrfˆ bfry afpxI Koj aiDaYn irportjfrI kIqI hY. ieh jQybMdI ny kyˆdr dI Bfjpfsrkfr vwloˆ kIqy vfaidafˆ bfry vI Koj kIqI hoeIhY. sMsQf dy afgU zf[ sumIq BsIn ny ikhf ikkfˆgrs ny 2017 ivDfn sBf coxfˆ smy afpxy GoÈxfpwqr ivc 438 vfady kIqy sn aqy ienHfˆ ivcoˆ

398 vfady hux qk pUry nhIˆ hoey hn. bfkI rihMdy40 vfady jo ik cox mnorQ pwqr df isrP 9PIsdI hn, vI aml aDIn hn. AunHfˆ dfavf kIqf

ik kIqy vfaidafˆ ivcoˆ 91PIsdI vfady kfˆgrs srkfrhux qk pUry krn ivc asPlrhI hY.

AunHfˆ dfavf kIqf ik jnqkishq syvfvfˆ dy Kyqr ivcpMjfb pwCiVaf hY. vpfr dyKyqr ivc vI pMjfb 2015 ivc16vyˆ sQfn `qy sI aqy hux2018 ivc 20vyˆ sQfn `qyiKsk igaf hY. pMjfb Bfjpf dypRDfn Èvyq milk ny ikhf iksUby dI kfˆgrs srkfr ny lokfˆnfl kIqy vfady pUry nf krkyivÈvfsGfq kIqf hY. dUjy pfsy

aMimRqsr sMsdI hlky qoˆ kfˆgrsI AumIdvfr gurjIq isMG aOjlf ny ikhf ik 2014 ivc Bfjpfny afpxy cox mnorQ pwqr ivc kIqy vfaidafˆ ivcoˆ125 vfady pUry nhIˆ kIqy. AunHfˆ ikhf ik Bfjpfdf ieh cox mnorQ pwqr JUT df Auh gubfrf hY,ijs dI 23 meI nUM cox nqIijafˆ idn hvf inkl jfvygI.

kfˆgrs srkfr dy 91 PIsdI cox vfady jo vPLf nf hoey


dunIafˆ dy 250 qoˆ vwD mulkfˆ dy swq arb vfsIqkrIbn swq hËfr BfÈfvfˆ boldy hn. ienHfˆ mulkfîvc ieMnIafˆ Ëubfnfˆ hox dy bfvjUd dunIafˆ dy 60qoˆ vwD mulkfˆ dI srkfrI Ëubfn aMgryËI hY qy 40qoˆ vwD mulkfˆ dI PrfˆsIsI. mqlb sO qoˆ vDyrymulkfˆ dI srkfrI kMmkfj dI BfÈf df drjf isrÌdo Ëubfnfˆ kol hY. qkrIbn vIh-vIh mulkfˆ dIsrkfrI Ëubfn spynI qy arbI hY. afÉr ieh sOqoˆ vDyry mulk afpxI iksy BfÈf nUM srkfrI BfÈfdf drjf ikAuˆ nhIˆ idMdy? drasl, ies df kfrndunIafˆ ivc keI sdIafˆ irhf bsqIvfd hY. iesdf iÈkfr sB qo vwD aPrIkf aqy eyÈIaf mhfˆdIpfˆdy mulk hoey. ienHfˆ mulkfˆ qoˆ afriQk sroqfˆ dIluwt dy nfl nfl isafsI gulfmI df iÈkfr bxf kyswiBafcfrk ivrfsq vI KohI geI. AunHfˆ dIafˆBfÈfvfˆ nUM driknfr krky bsqIvfdI BfÈfvfˆQopIafˆ geIafˆ. ieMglYˆz dy kbËy ivc rhy mulkfˆ`qy aMgryËI aqy Prfˆs dy kbËy ivc rhy mulkfˆ qy

ÌrfˆsIsI df Êlbf sQfpq krky AunHfˆ mulkfˆ dIafˆsQfnk kOmI BfÈfvfˆ nUM pwCVIafˆ BfÈfvfˆ ikhfigaf. ienHfˆ nUM iswiKaf df mfiDam nf bxf kyividafrQIafˆ nUM aMgryËI jfˆ PrfˆsIsI dI mfniskgulfmI ivc jkiVaf igaf.

dunIafˆ ivc bsqIvfd dI ÈurUafq spyndy kolMbs vwloˆ amrIkf lwBx (Bfrq dy BulyKyivc) aqy purqgfl dy vfsko zI gfmf vwloˆ BfrqlwBx nfl hoeI. solHvIˆ sdI ivc spyn qy purqgfldI bsqIvfdI qfkqfˆ vjoˆ JMzI rhI. sqfrvIˆ sdIivc ieMglYz, Prfˆs qy hflYz ny eyÈIaf qy aPrIkfivc bsqIvfdI Èfsn sQfpq krn leIËbrdsq koiÈÈfˆ kIqIafˆ qy cODr leI ienHfˆ ivcafpsI lVfeIafˆ vI hoeIafˆ. sqfrvIˆ sdI dy ÈurUivc hI ieMglYˆz dI ingHf ihMdosqfn `qy itk geIsI. iesy dOrfn eyÈIaf dy hor mulkfˆ `qy vI kbËfkrn leI bsqIvfdI mulkfˆ ivc Gmsfx jfrI sIqy anyk mulk ienHfˆ dy kbËy hyT af cuwky sn.

hux vI swT qoˆ vwD mulkfˆ ivc aMgryËIqy cflI mulkfˆ ivc PrfˆsIsI df srkfrI kMmkfjdI BfÈf hox df ieho rfË hY. sO qoˆ vDyry aÌrIkI,eyiÈafeI qy dwKxI amrIkI mulkfˆ `qy kbËy qoˆbfad AuwQoˆ dy afriQk sroqfˆ dI luwt dy nfl nflieh mulk isafsI qy swiBafcfrk gulfmI ivcjkVy gey. AunHfˆ dIafˆ Ëubfnfˆ vI AunHfˆ koloˆ KohIafˆgeIafˆ ikAuik srkfrI kMmkfj dI Ëubfn aMgryËI,PrfˆsIsI jfˆ zwc bxI. bsqIvfdI iswiKaf pRxflIivc ivdyÈI Ëubfnfˆ rfhIˆ iswiKaf idwqI jfx lwgI.nqIjy vjoˆ ienHfˆ mulkfˆ dIafˆ afpxIafˆ ivkisqËubfnfˆ nUM vI igafn dy Kyqr qoˆ prHfˆ Dwk idwqfigaf. aijhy mulkfˆ ivc XUnIvristI pRxflI vIbsqIvfdI hfkmfˆ vwloˆ hI ÈurU kIqI geI. ijvyˆBfrq dIafˆ pihlIafˆ XUnIvristIafˆ 1857 ivchoˆd ivc afeIafˆ. Ëfihr hY ik ieh XUnIvristIafâMgryËI mfiDam rfhIˆ Auwc ivwidaf df kyˆdrbxIafˆ qy bMgflI vrgIafˆ ivkisq BfÈfvfˆ nUM vI

driknfr kridwqf igaf. iehokuJ eyÈIaf qyaÌrIkf dy bfkImulkfˆ ivc vfpiraf. gulfmrhy mulk afËfdIhfsl krn mgroˆvI afpxIafˆËubfnfˆ nUM Aus pwDr `qy nhIˆ ilaf sky ijs pwDr`qy afËfd rhy mulkfˆ ijvyˆ cIn, rUs, jrmnI,jfpfn, arb, spyn afid mulkfˆ dIafˆ ËubfnfˆrhIafˆ. iesy leI Bfrq dIafˆ 15 qoˆ vwD AuwnqËubfnfˆ afËfdI qoˆ bfad vI ies df mukfblf nfkr skIafˆ. awj vI ivigafnk jfˆ qknIkI igafndy Kyqr `c aMgryËI jfˆ PrfˆsIsI dI cVHq hY.hflfîk afËfdI sMgrfm dOrfn afpxIafˆ BfÈfvfˆ

(bfkI sPf 21 ‘qy)

vIhvIˆ sdI dy pihly awD ivc hiQafrbMd ien-klfbfˆ nUM imlI sPlqf ny smfijk aqy isafsIqbdIlI ivc bulyt dI BUimkf nUM muwK bxf idwqf.ieh ivcfr bhuq Ëor PV igaf ik imhnqkÈafvfm nUM afpxy jIvn nUM sMvfrn jfˆ qbdIl krnleI agr swqf cfhIdI hY qfˆ AunHfˆ nUM smJ lYxfcfhIdf hY ik swqf dI golI bMdUk dI nflI ivcoînkldI hY. ies Dfrnf dy afDfr `qy dunIaf dykeI dyÈfˆ ivc AuQoˆ dIafˆ srkfrfˆ df qÉqf AultfAux leI hiQafrbMd dsqy iqafr hoey.ienHfˆ kRfˆqIkfrI dsiqafˆ ny sbMiDq mulk dIafˆsYnfvfˆ nfl iswDI twkr lYx dI Qfˆ lVfeI dI nvIîvDI qlfÈ kIqI jo gurIlf vfrPyar (jMg) aKvfeI.

gurIlf vfrPyar rfhIˆ afm lokfˆ ny kIKwitaf qy kI gvfieaf, ieh gwl qfˆ ajy Koj dfivÈf hY pr kRfˆqIkfrIafˆ dI lVn dI ies nvIˆqknIk, Bfv gurIlf vfrPyar ny iek vfr qfˆdunIaf ivc qrQwlI mcf idwqI. dUjy pfsy jdoˆhiQafrbMd ienklfbfˆ dIafˆ kuJ KfmIafˆ sfhmxyafAuxIafˆ ÈurU hoeIafˆ qfˆ avfm df ruJfn bulytvfly pfisEˆ bYwlt (vot) vfly pfsy GuMm igaf qyhiQafrbMd ienklfb dI Qfˆ swqf dI qbdIlI leIvot, arQfq jmhUrI cox pRikiraf nUM mhwqvimlx lwgf. hux ieh inrivvfd rUp `c smiJafjfx lwgf hY ik isafsI qbdIlI leI hiQafrbMdjwdojihd dI Qfˆ lokqMqrI pRxflI iËafdf vfjbvsIlf hY.

gurIlf vfrPyar ivc duÈmx `qyacfnk jfˆ iPr Gfq lgf ky Dfvf boilaf jfˆdf hY.duÈmx nUM sMBlx df mOkf hI nhIˆ idwqf jfˆdf. ieMjhox nfl duÈmx ijwQy gurIilafˆ hwQoˆ BfrI nuksfnkrvf bYTdf hY, AuQy ÉOÌËdf vI rihMdf hY. lokpwKI gurIlf vfrPyar df AuBfr hux Bfvyˆ bhuqfidKfeI nhIˆ dy irhf, iPr vI ies dy kuJ qwqlokqMqrI pRxflI ivc dfÉl ho gey jfpdy hn.

awjkwlH pMjfb dy cox muhfË qy jo vfprirhf hY, Aus nUM dyK ky lwgdf hY, ijvyˆ gurIly huxbulyt dI Qfˆ bYwlt nfl lVfeI nUM Ërf vwKry ZMgnfl lVn dy rOâ ivc hn. pMjfb dIafˆ rvfieqI

isafsI pfrtIafˆ jo ipCly swq dhfikafˆ qoˆ lokfˆnUM mUrK bxfAuˆdIafˆ qy Gor afriQk sMkt ivcDkyldIafˆ af rhIafˆ hn, ienHfˆ nvyˆ gurIlafˆsfhmxy lfcfr ho geIafˆ hn. Auh ipMzfˆ ivc vVnqoˆ kqrfAuˆdIafˆ hn aqy smuwcy cox pRcfr dOrfnÉOÌËdf rhIafˆ hn. nvyˆ gurIly AunHfˆ qoˆ bIqy dIkfrguËfrI bfry svfl puwCdy hn. AumIdvfr jfÂumIdvfrfˆ dy sfQI svflfˆ qoˆ tfÜf vwt ky iKskdyhn qfˆ Gyr Gyr ky AunHfˆ qoˆ svfl puwCy jfˆdy hn.ijwQy lok iËafdf hI roh Bry huMdy hn, AuQy qfˆ cox

pRcfr krn afieafˆ nUM ipMz ivco Bjf vI idwqf jfˆdfhY. svfl puwCx vfilafˆ muqfibk Auh iesy slUkdy hwkdfr hn.

lokqMqr jnqk jvfbdyhI dI ivvsQfhY. jnqf afpxy pRqIinD cux ky pfrlImYˆt jfîvDfn sBfvfˆ ivc ByjdI hY, ijwQy jf ky ienHfˆ nyjnqk muwidafˆ nUM ivcfrnf qy ienHfˆ df hwl lwBxfhuMdf hY. srkfrI iDr msilafˆ dy hwl leI ienHfˆjnqk mMcfˆ (pfrlImYˆt afid) Auwpr lokfˆ pRqIjvfbdyh bxdI hY pr dhfikafˆ qoˆ srkfrI iDrjnqk jvfbdyhI qoˆ BwjdI af rhI hY. lok sBfjfˆ ivDfn sBf dy mMc jfˆ qfˆ ienHfˆ leI ivhly bihky muVn dI jgHf bx gey hn jfˆ ssqI iksm dInftkbfËI dy mMc. rfjnIqI ienHfˆ leI iËMmyvfrI qoˆ

rihq aijhf DMdf bx geI hY ik ies nUM hor sfrykMmfˆ nfloˆ sOKf smiJaf jfx lwg ipaf hY.

iehI nhIˆ, Twgfˆ qy bdmfÈfˆ dy toilafˆvrgI kfrguËfrI idKfAux vfly isafsqdfnfˆ nyieh gwl idmfg `c aYn cMgI qrHfˆ ibTf leI hY iklokfˆ ny AunHfˆ dI srdfrI aMqm rUp ivc pRvfn krleI hY.

ies ivcoˆ pYsf vI hor DMidafˆ nfloˆ vwDafAuˆdf hY, ies leI pMjfb dIafˆ do muwK pfrtIafˆdy lIzrfˆ ny afpo-afpxy DIafˆ-puwqrfˆ nUM vI

isafsq ivc hI `sYwt` kr ilaf hY. nvyˆ gurIlfvot-Pyar ruJfn ny jvfbdyhI-rihq isafsq dfBog pf idwqf hY. lokfˆ ny ivDfn sBf df mMc `qynOtMkI krn dy mfhrfˆ nUM cox sBfvfˆ ivc jvfbdyhIleI ktihry `c KVHf kr ilaf qfˆ jvfb dyxoâsmrwQ kfkf isafsqdfnfˆ dy Bfa dI bx geI.kihMdy-khfAuˆdy gusYl lIzr vI lokfˆ dy svflfˆ dIvfCV df sfhmxf krn dI Qfˆ cox sBfvfˆ ivcflyCwz ky hI nwsx lwgy. ieAuˆ pMjfb df isafsI mMcies vfr asl arQ ivc BiKaf hoieaf nËr afieaf.

isafsq dy rvfieqI pMzq, ijhVypihlfˆ hI ilK ky rwK lYˆdy hn ik muwK mukfblfakflI-Bfjpf aqy kfˆgrs ivcfly hY, ies vfr

vI ieMj hI ilKdy rhy hn jdik ËmInI pwDr `qymuwK mukfblf lokfˆ dy jfgrUk qbikafˆ df ienHfˆpfrtIafˆ nfl sI. sfrIafˆ rfj kr cuwkIafˆ pfrtIafˆ nUM lokfˆ ny vMgfr ky puwiCaf ik byadbIdIafˆ Gtnfvfˆ dy doÈIafˆ ivruwD koeI Tos kfrvfeIhux qwk ikAuˆ nhIˆ kIqI geI? nOjvfnfˆ nflnOkrIafˆ leI kIqy vfaidafˆ df kI bixaf?iksfnI dy smuwcy kriËafˆ `qy lkIr Pyrn dI gwlkhI geI sI, lkIr ikAuˆ nhIˆ PyrI geI? gMnfAuqpfdkfˆ dy bkfey dIafˆ adfiegIafˆ ikAuˆ nhIˆ horhIafˆ? svfmInfQn kimÈn dI irport lfgU krndy vfady qoˆ dovyˆ rvfieqI pfrtIafˆ Bwj ikAuˆgeIafˆ hn? pMjfb dy skUlfˆ qy hspqflfˆ dI dÈfbd qoˆ bdqr ikAuˆ ho rhI hY? sVkfˆ, glIafˆ qysIvryË df mfVf hfl ikAuˆ hY? iBRÈtfcfr dfbolbflf ikAuˆ hY? sB qoˆ vwzf svfl ieh hY iklokfˆ nUM vfaidafˆ dy lflIpfp nfl vfr vfr mUrKikAuˆ bxfieaf jf irhf hY?

avfm dy ienHfˆ sfry svflfˆ sfhmxy coxsBfvfˆ ivc rvfieqI pfrtIafˆ (akflI-Bfjpf qykfˆgrsI) dy lIzr ÉOÌËdf nËr afey, iblkulAuvyˆ hI ijvyˆ iksy vwzI gurIlf kfrvfeI qoˆ mgroˆpRBfivq lok ÉOÌËdf huMdy hn.

pMjfb dy cox mfhOl ivc afeI isÌqIqbdIlI df pRBfv afAux vflIafˆ coxfˆ ivc hor vIgihrf hox dI sMBfvnf hY. mOjUdf gurIlf votPyarcox pRxflI ivc iek aglyrI pulfˆG nhIˆ sgoˆ AuwcICfl smJI jfxI cfhIdI hY. lok afpxy hwkfˆ bfryvDyry cyqMn hI nhIˆ hoey hn sgoˆ Auh afpxy hwkfˆdI pUrqI vI cfhuMdy hn. ieQy hI bs nhIˆ, AuhrvfieqI pfrtIafˆ dy kfkf isafsqdfnfˆ dy bdldI qlfÈ leI Éud afpxIafˆ (jnqk) sÌfˆ vlqwkx lwgy hn.

svfl puwCx dy mOjUdf ruJfn nUM dyKidafîes sMBfvnf nUM Kfrj nhIˆ kIqf jf skdf ikafgfmI ivDfn sBf coxfˆ mOky lokfˆ vwloˆ, hor vIiqwKy aqy vwzI pwDr `qy svfl puwCy jfxgy qy ienHfîsafsqdfnfˆ nUM afpxI jumlybfËI leI lokfˆ sfhmxy ÈrimMdf vI hoxf pvygf qy isafsI mYdfnCwzx leI mjbUr vI.

jo sfrI Aumr lokF dIaF KbrF ilKdf irhf Auhawj Kud iek Kbr bx ky KfmoÈ ho igaf hY.sR[mnjIq isMG ny cfr dhfikaf dy krIb pwqrkfrIkIqI.Aus ny BfrqI smfcfr eyjMsI qoN kMm ÈurUkIqf sI,ies eyjMsI df ibAUro cIP bnx qoN bfadAusny pMjfbI dy pRmuK aKbfr ajIq jlMDr ,jnsqf ihMdI nfmvr aKbfrF ivwc stfP rIport dyqOr qy lMmf smF syvf inBfeI.mnjIq isMG ny 1953ivc ipqf sR[ PkIr isMG dy gRih mfqf ajIq kOrdI kuKo kfnpur ivKy jnm ilaf.grYjUeyÈn krnqoN bfad Aus ny pwqrkfrI dI cox kIqI.Auh ieknyk idl,Kuly suBfa vflf, imlxsfr vDIaf dosqsI.bhuq aoKy smyN Ausny sfPidlI nfl pwqrkfrIinBfeI.aimRqsr 'c pwqrkfr sR[ mihMdr isMG,

sRI mnohr Èrmf,siqdrbYNs nfl Aus dI cMgI bxdIsI.Auh svyr vylyy Pon qy hIsmuwcI rfjsI pRIikaf dfmulFkx sfJF kr lYNdf sI.cMgy rfjsI imqrF nfl vIAusdI sFJ sI.

mrhUm gurdIpisMG pI[tI[afeI aqy iesny pwqrkfrI leI snmfn-jnk kMm kIqf. aMimRqsrdf sfrf hI pwqrkfr BfeIcfrf Aus ƒ Bfa jIkih ky mfx snmfn dyNdf

sI.ies pRmuwK pwqrkfr dy qur jfx nflsmfj,pRIvfr aqy pwqrkfr BfeIcfry ƒ nf pUrfhox vflf Gftf ipaf hY. iek sfl pihlF Auh nyqrrog df iÈkfr ho igaf ijs kfrn AusdI nËrkfPI kmËor ho geI qy hux Aus dy srIr qy aDrMgdf aYsf hmlf hoieaf ik Auh imqI 15-16 meIdI drimafnI rfq ƒ lgpg 66 sfl dI AumrhMZf Auh sdf leI ies PfnI sMsfr qoN ruKÈq hoigaf.Auh afpxy ipCy iek DI hrismrn kOr, iekpuwqr ismrpRIq isMG aqy afpxI sfQx bIbIjsjIq kOr ƒ Cwz igaf hY.sR[ mnjIq isMG dynimq 19 meI bfad dupihr ƒ gurduafrf sRIgurU hirgoibMd sfihb ey blfk rxjIq aYvIinAU,aMimRqsr ivKy aMiqm ardfs smfgm hovygf.

bsqIvfd dy pRBfvfˆ qoˆ mukqI df rfh

pMjfb dI gurIlf vot-jMg aqy isafsq

pwqrkfr mnjIq isMG dI ruKsqI

cmn lfl

pRo[ rfkyÈ rmn

idljIq isMG bydI 91-9814898570


bVy virHaF qoN sfzy bwcy sfƒ ‘ikDry sYr kr afE`dI rwt lfAuNdy sn pr mYN tws qoN mws ho nhIN irhfsI pr acfnk ies sfl afpxy spuwqr dy itktFbuwk krn qy hotl buwk krf ky sfƒ Aus vwloN iekhPqf jf afAux df pRbMD krn krky mYN vI jldIhI mMn igaf.

asIN dovyN jIa EklYNz qoN hvfeIaneyarlfeIn rfhIN apRYl dy aKIrly Èincrvfr ƒsvyry suvKqy hI cwl ky 5 GMitaF ivc vI iqMnhËfr mIl dUr rwb dI bxfeI ieh 8 tukiVaF ivcDrqI dI ihwq `qy jf awpVy qy Auqrdy hI kfrikrfey qy lYx leI Hertz kMpnI vwl ho qury.afpxy afpxy smfn ƒ eyarlfeIn qoN cuwk ky kfrlYx vfilaF dI kqfr `c Klo gey. afiKr AuQy10[30 qy jhfjoN Auqr ky 12 vj dy krIb ikrfeyvflI kfr lYx `c kfmXfb ho gey. AuQoN mYN qy myrIsupqnI ny afpxy hotl phuMcx leI bfho-dfhI

aYc[1 hfeIvya cVHdy vwl lY ky cwl pey. aYc[vn qy jfx leI iËafdf qoN iËafdf 45 mIl dIrPqfr hI hY jF qy 15-20 imMtF bfad hI asINhotl `c phuMcy. sfƒ hotl kueIn kipElfnIivc 17vIN mMiËl `qy kmrf iml igaf qy sB qoNpihlF asIN AuQy jf cfh pIx dI iqafrI krnlwgy. hotl vwloN pfxI grm leI kyqlI dy idwqIgeI, ijs nfl jldI ivc afpxy sUtkys ivcoNmYN nfl lY ky igaf. cfh dI pwqI ƒ kwZ cfhbxfAux leI vfho-dfhI do iglfs cfh dy bxfley. qy bVy hI afnMd nfl cfh pIqI qy idnZlx krky ÈfmI 5-6 vjy jdoN kmry dI iKVkI`coN bfhr vyiKaf qF smuMdrI qt sfhmxy nËr

af irhf sI. asIN dovyN jxy hotl qoN Qwly af kysmuMdr vwl cwl pey qy Ausdy kMZy `qy jf kypihlI vfr iek adBuq nËfrf vyKxf ÈurUkIqf. iPr hOlI-hOlI pfxI ivc pYr rwK kyvyiKaf ik pfxI TMzf nhIN blik kosf sI. ieMnfafnMd afieaf ik iPr agly 7 idnF leIroËfnf svyry Èfm qt qy jf ky pfxI ivc bYTjfxf qy iËMdgI `c bhuq afnMd pRfpq kIqf.pihly idn jdoN hotl ƒ vfps af rhy sI qFrsqy ivc ijhVf 100-200 mItr hI sI, ivciek drwKq vyiKaf, ijsdf qxf/jVHF eynIaFvwzIaF sn ik Auh ËmIn `c af ky lwg ky horvI jVHF ƒ mËbUq kr rhIaF sn. drwK qy jVHFleI jgHf dI bhuq sfrI loV sI ik ijvyN knflku jgHf dI loV sI. pwqy iblkul Banyan(bohV) dy pwiqaF vrgy sn qy ies bohV vrgydrwKq df nF hY binafn Xfin ik pMjfbI `cbohV qy aMgryË[ ivc bynIan kihMdy hn.

iek ajIb ijhI gwl sfhmxy afeI,jdoN mYN acfnk kol jf ky vyiKaf ik GroN-byGr hoeI lok Ausdy qixaF `c vV ky suwqy

pey sn, ikAuNik dUroN qusIN vI aMdfËf nhIN lgfskyd ik aMdr ieMnI jgHf hovygI. vYsy by-Gry lokmMgdy idKfeI nhIN idwqy isrP kMbl-rjfeIaF lYky bws stYNz dI sYNz Qwly jF iesy qrHF dI jgHf `qysmuMdr dy nfl nfl suwqy pey hn jF lokF leI bYTxvfly bYNcF qy bYTy-lMmy pey idKfeI idMdy hn.

Waikiki dI ieh kueIn srP bIc(Queen Surf Beach) hY bhuq sfP suQrI qy inwGypfxI vflI qy inwGy suBfa dy lokF vfly Èihr dIjgHf, ijwQy hËfrF sYlfnI mhIinaF phuMcdy hn qyiËMdgI dy 5-10 idn cMgy mfhOl ivc guËfr kyafpxy GrF `c iPr af ky zwky jFdy hn.

asIN dUsry idn iqafr ho ky prlhfrbr port vyKx leI cly gey qy AuQy jf kyaMdr jfx vfly bfhr KVHy surwiKaf amly ny hriek iensfn ƒ ieh ikhf, qusIN koeI bYg nhINiljf skdy. isrP Pon hovy qF hovy. quhfƒ afpxy

bYg kfrF `c hI Cwzxy pYxgy. asIN kfpfhulu rozqoN aYc1 lY ky vYst vwl jfeIey qy eyarport zY-nIal ky[ ienfvo, eyarport dy lfgy hI jf awpVdyhF, ijwQy ieh port hY. ieh prl hrbr AuhI porthY, ijwQy jfpfn ny 1945 ivc hmlf kr idwqf sIqy amrIkf dy keI jMgI smuMdrI jhfË qy lVfkyjhfË qoV vI idwqy sn blik Auh smuMdr `c vIzuwb gey sn. AudoN hI amrIkf dy rfÈtrpqIruËbYlt ny hukm idwqf sI ik jfpfn ƒ aYtm bMbFnfl qbfh kr idE qy jfpfn qy nfgfsfkI qy hI-roiÈmf qy (do ÈihrF ivc) do aYtm bMb suwt gey,ijs nfl Auh dovyN Èihr qbfh ho gey sn qy mnuwKFdy bwcy hfly qwk ivMgy-tyZy pYdf huMdy hn. iksy dykMn lMmy huMdy hn, iksy df isr qy nwk. Auh KVHIgMn zuwbI vyK ky ieAuN lwg irhf sI ik Bfrq qFamrIkf qoN keI sO vrHy ipwCy hY ikAuNik 1943-45ivc pxzuwbIaF jo ik bhuq hI agFhvDU qrIky qy

ZMg nflb x f e I a FhoeIaF hn,Auh hfly vIbhuq spYÈllwgdIaF hn.amrIkf dIimltrI dybhuq sfry nOjvfn ies ivc ÈrIk hoey sn. praKIr qy amrIkf hI ijwiqaf sI.hvfeI `c 8 tfpU hn, ijhnF ivc sB qoN vwD lokFnfl Biraf EhfAU hY Xfin ik honolulU vfeIikkIÈihr iewQy hI hn. iewQoN dy sYnytr hn-Brian Schatz brfien ÈftËMazie Hirono myËI ihrono

dovyN vfiÈMgtn ivKy iehnF tfpUaF leIkMm krdy hn.

honolulU eyar portqy Auqr ky jdoN vwK-vwKkMpnIaF jo ikrfey qy kfrFidMdy hn, AuQy pUrf jmGtlwgf huMdf hY. kfrF BfvyNjldI jldI Auh idMdyrihMdy hn. jy pihlF buwkkrvfeI hovy qF kfrqkrIbn 15-20 zflridhfVI qy iml jFdI hY.ies dy nfl iek hor gwljuVdI hY, jdoN qusIN kfrhotl ivc KVHI krn leI

AuQy shfiek ƒ idMdy ho qF Auh afp hI pfrikMgivc lf idMdy hn qy Auh hI vfps ilaf ky idMdyhn. qkrIbn 7 idn AuQy gwzI KVHn df 5 sOzflr dy krIb lwgdy hn qy hPqy ivc qusIN jy300 mIl clf idMdy ho qF 50 ku zflrF dI gYsvI pfAuxI pvygI, ikAuNik tYNk Br ky dyxf pYNdfhY qy hfeIvy qy rPqfr isrP 45 mIl dI hY, iesqoN qyË nhIN clf skdy.

iesdf iek lfB ieh vI hY ik aYksIzYNtGwt huMdy hn qy AuQy dIaF hfeIvya `c aYc[ 1,aYc 2, aYc 3, 98, 60, 61, 63, 72, 80 dynMbrF vflIaF sVkF vwzIaF hn, 72 qy aYc1 qoNawgy jf ky kuJ mIlF qwk 55 mIl GMty dI rPqfrhY, bfkI sfry afeIlYNz qy 35 mIl jF 45 mIldI rPqfr hI hY. gwzI vfps krn vyly Auh cYkkrky lYNdy hn ik ikDry aYksIzYNt qF nhIN kIqfjF tuwtI BwjI qF nhIN. kYlyPornIaf qoN AuQyjfx leI 5 GMty dI PlfeIt hY EklYNz, sfnPrFissko, sYnhoËy, aYl[ ey[ qoN sYkrfmYNto qoNvI jhfË jFdy hn.

(bfkI agly hPiqaF ivc)

hvfeI dy tfpUaF dI sYr

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honolUlu ivc bohV df drwKq

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honolUlu vfeIikkI smuMdr iknfry bYTy kbUqr


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Laser TreatmentLumineers/VeneersDentures & PartialsRoot CanalsBad BreathCosmetic DentistryCrowns & BridgesTooth ExtractionGum Treatment

FREE TEETH WHITENING WITH PAID EXAM,X-RAY & CLEANING.

YOUR INSURANCE USUALLY COVER THESE SERVICES

INVISALIGN

D.D.S.

SUKHWINDER [email protected]

OIL CHANGE & SMOG CHECK STATION

691 W. Tennyson RdHayward, CA 94544

We rent U-HAUL

PH 510-757-6775FAX 510-292-0330

Quick Lube& Smog


* 100 bMidaF qoN lY ky vwzI qoN vwzI pfrtI qwk

* gurU GrF ivc kytirMg leI 10 pRqIÈq qwk Cot

* bhuq hI qËrbykfr kuwk

Over 30 Years Experience in Restaurant & Catering Business

mwCI pkOVy bxfAux dy mfihrlwzU, jlybI, brPI, gulfb jfmun qy ivafhÈfdI mOky sB qrHF dI miTafeI iqafr krdy

hn. Gwt kImq `qy lY skdy ho.

Fish Pakora

Paul 510-978-7170

mUn ieMz Ian kuËIn (hyvrz)600 West Harder Rd. Hayward, CA 94544Phone (510)780-9233 Fax (510) 780-9812

www.moonindiancuisine.net

Moon Indian Cuisine510-780-9233

rYstorYNt qoN Kfxf pYk krvf ky vI lY jf skdy ho, kytirMg vyly qMdUr df ieMqËfm hY, kytirMg vfsqy kfl kro jI


vwzy ÈihrF ivc rihx vfly lok kudrq qoN imlxvflIaF cIËF df sB qoN iËafdf iesqymfl krdyhn aqy iehI Auh lok hn jo kudrq dy nfl iKlvfV krdy hn. jykr kudrq ƒ bcfAux df kMmkoeI krdf hY qF Auh hY iesdy nËdIk rihx vflylok. Kfs qOr qy phfVF ivc rihx vfly lok. Auhkudrq ƒ afpxI mF df drjf idMdy hn, iesy krkyqF Auh iesƒ sMBflx dI hr sMBv koiÈÈ krdyhn. ÈihrF qoN dUr kudrq dI god ivc rihx vflyafidvfsIaF dI iËMdgI kudrq dy inXmF `qyinrBr huMdI hY. ies krky Auh iesdI ihPfËqjI-jfn nfl krdy hn. lYitn amrIkI dyÈ kolMbIaf dy arhUafko iPrky dy lok, pRfcIn kflqoN amrIkI mhFdIp ivc rihx afey hn. XUrpIAupinvyÈkF dy afAux qoN bfad ieh smfj dyhfÈIey `qy Dkyl idwqy gey. iehnF ƒ jMglF aqyphfVIaF ivckfr pnfh lYxI peI.

awj arhUafko iPrky dy lok kolMbIafdy jMglI ielfikaF ivc guËfrf krdy hn. Auh Kudƒ pRikrqI df rfKf mMndy hn. ieh lok kolMbIafdI sIeyrf nyvfdf sYNtf mfrto dIaF phfVIaFivckfr rihMdy hn.

arhUafko iPrky df sbMD kogI, vIvfaqy mlfE iPrky qoN hY. dwisaf jFdf hY ik iehnFiqMny iPrikaF dy pUrvjF df sbMD lYitn amrIkf`qy pihlF rfj krn vflI tfeIronf siBaqf nflhY. ikhf qF ieh vI jFdf hY ik solvIN sdI ivcspyn dy AupinvyÈkF ny iehnF iPrikaF ƒ Kqmkr idwqf sI, jo bfkI bcy sn, Auh afpxI jfn dIihPfËq dy leI sIeyrf nyvfdf sYNtf mfrto dIaFphfVIaF ivc cly gey sn.

dunIaF dI sB qoN AucI mfAuNtyn ryNjiehnF phfVF ƒ dunIaF dI sB qoN AucI

mfAuNtyn ryNj ikhf jFdf hY. ieh ielfkf kolMbIaf

dy kYrybIan qt qoN Aupr vwl vDdf cilaf jFdfhY. ieh aijhf ielfkf hY, ijsdf ieko-isstmiblkul vwKrf hY. iewQy bfirÈ vfly jMgl vI hnaqy brP nfl ZkIaF cotIaF vI. lgfqfr bfirÈsihx vfly smuMdrI qt vI hY qF suwky phfVI ielfkyvI. ies phfVIielfky ivc rihxvfly iqMny afidvfsIiPrikaF dy lok Kudƒ pRikrqI df vwzfBrf dwsdy hn. iehnFiqMny iPrikaF dI kuwlafbfdI 90 hËfr hY.mymos nF dI rUhfnIpyÈvf iehnF iqMnyiPrikaF dI agvfeIkrdy hn. iewQoN dy lok kudrq dI pUjf krdy hnaqy jo lok mymos bxnf cfhuMdy hn, AuhnF ƒ BrIjvfnI ivc hI dunIaFdfrI vflf jIvn iqafg kyrUhfnI qflIm hfsl krn leI tRyinMg lYxI pYNdI hY.

mymos bxn dy leI bcpn qoN lY ky jvfnhox qwk tRyinMg cldI hY. gRih-nCwqrF nfl iswDfsMprk krnf tRyinMg df aihm ihwsf hY. iehnF ƒlwgdf hY ik Auh sfry gRihaF nfl gwl krky hrmsly df hwl kwZ skdy hn. tfeIronf hYrItyjtrwst dy sMsQfpk aqy zfkUmYNtrI iPlmkfralfn ierfierf df kihxf hY ik mymos bxn dItRyinMg ivc hr jIv dI iËMdgI ivc sMquln dy nflrUhfnI dfeI df ikrdfr inBfAux dy qrIky isKfeyjFdy hn.

mfnv ivigafnk vYz zyivz ny lMmfarsf arhUafko iPrky ivckfr vkq guËfirafhY. AuhnF df kihxf hY ik ijs phfVI ielfky ivc

arhUafko iPrky dy lok rihMdy hn, AuQoN qwk phuMcxf asfn nhIN hY. lwgBwg pMj sdIaF qoN iehlok iewQy iesy iksm dI iËMdgI guËfr rhy hn.bfhrly lokF dy hmilaF qoN afpxy ielfky dI ihPfËq bfKUbI krdy hn.

ipCly kuJdhfikaF qoN kolMbIafihMsf aqy bgfvq dfiÈkfr irhf hY. sfryiPrikaF ivckfrgolfbfrI df asrarhUafko `qy vIipaf hY. arhUafko ƒguMmÈudf afidvfsIikhf jFdf hY. afpxyiekwlypx dy bfvjUd

ieh lok iensfn dy kilafx leI kudrq aqybRihmMz ivckfr qflmyl bxfeI rwKx leI axQwkXqn krdy hn. ies kMm ƒ afpxI iËMmyvfrIsmJdy hn.

iqMn dhfky pihlF iseyrf nyvfdf mfrtody Auprly ihwsy dI brP ipGlx lwgI qF iewQoN dysQfnk lokF ƒ icMqf hoeI. pfxI dy qlfb, mYdfnaqy jMglI ielfky s�uwkx nfl iqqlIaF gfiebhox lwgIaF. iewQoN dy lokF ƒ icMqf hox lwgI ikjlvfXU pirvrqn df asr hux iehnF dy ielfkyivc vI nËr afAux lwigaf. AuhnF ny srkfrIpwDr `qy afpxI mOjUdgI drj krfAux dy leIafpxI sMsQf bxfeI.

iPlmkfr ierfeIrf df kihxf hY ikiewkoN dy lokF ƒ zr lwg irhf sI ik hux qwk AuhnFny DrqI ƒ bcfAux dy jo vI Xqn kIqy hn, Auhsfry bykfr cly jfxgy. mymos ny afpxy lokF ƒmnfieaf ik AuhnF ƒ afpxIaF koiÈÈF dUijaF qwk

phuMcfAuxIaF hoxgIaF, ies krky AuhnF ny ierfierf ƒ iPlm bxfAux leI bulfieaf. iPlmdf nF sI PRfm df hfrt afP dI vrlz df aYzlrbRdrË vfrinMg`. do dhfky bfad AuhnF ny iekvfr iPr iesy iPlm df sIkvl bxfAux leI bulfieaf. sIeyrf nyvfdf sYNtf mfrto dy phfVF ivcrihx vfly iqMny iPrikaF df alwg-alwg ihwisaFivc kbËf hY. kogI iPrky df AuqrI ihwsy ivc hY.vIvf iPrky df dwKxI-pwCmI ihwsy ivc kbËf hY,jdik arhUafko iPrky dy kol sIeyrf nyvfdf sYNtfmfrtf phfVI islislf df sB qoN vwzf ihwsf hY.

1983 ivc iehnF dy ielfky ƒ kolMbIafsrkfr qoN mfnqf vI iml geI sI. iewQy iesafidm iPrky dy lokF ƒ afËfdI hfsl hY. iehnFdy ielfky dI rfjDfnI dI nF nbUismyk hY. iewQybfhrI lokF ƒ afAux dI iejfËq nhIN hY. kuJ Kfslok hI iewQy af skdy hn. iewQoN qwk ik rfjDfnIdy drvfËy qy hI borz lwigaf hY, ijs qy iliKafhY, bfhrly lokF df iewQy afAuxf vrijq hY. iewQyPotogRfPI dI vI iejfËq nhIN hY.

bdldy vkq dy nfl hux iehnF lokF nyKud ƒ vI bdl ilaf hY. afpdy ielfky dIaF bhuqsfrIaF QfvF qy hux bfhrly lokF ƒ iejfËq dyidMqI hY. iesdf mksd tUirËm ƒ vDfAuxf vI hYaqy arhUafko iPrky d lokF df hunr dUr qwkphuMcfAuxf vI hY. 1995 qoN bfad ies iPrky dylokF ny afpsI myl-jol nfl keI srkfrI sMsQfvFbxf leIaF hn. ieh lok afrgYink kfPI pYdfkrky inrXfq krdy hn. jdoN kOPI df mOsm nhINhuMdf qF ieh lok kOPI df ivklp kokoaf vycdy hn.iewQoN dy rUhfnI nyqf aqy iejkvfzo ny inrXfq vDfAux dy mksd nfl sQfnk pwDr qy afrgYinkbRfAUn ÈUgr dI KyqI ƒ vDfieaf. iesƒ loklËubfn ivc pnylf kihMdy hn.

afidvfsI jo lwgy hn kudrq ƒ bcfAux ivc

kwlH ijwQy vwsdIaF sn KuÈIaF, awj hY mfqm.vkq ilafieaf sI bhfrF, vkq ilaf hY iKËf.

sfihr dIaF ilKIaF ieh lfeInF sfƒvkq dI qfkq df aihsfs krvfAuNdIaF hn aqyjo iehnF lPËF nfl smyN dI qfkq ƒ mihsUs nfkr skx qF quhfƒ lY cldy hF dwKxI aÌrIkf dyÈihr johfnsbrg. ieh dunIaF dy sB qoN bdnfmÈihrF ivcoN iek hY, ijwQy luwt qoN lY kyblfqkfr qwk dIaF GtnfvF afm hn. pr jo-hfnsbrg `qy hmyÈf hI bdnfmI df ieh dfgnhIN sI. iek dOr aijhf vI sI, jdoN iesÈihr dI Èohrq dunIaF ƒ afkriÈq krdIsI. awj qoN krIb zyZ sO sfl pihlF johfnsbrg dunIaF df sB qoN amIr ÈihrsI. iesƒ istI afÌ golz ikhf jFdf sIikAuNik Aus vkq iewQoN dIaF KfxF qoN dunIaFdf 80 PIsdI sonf kwiZaf jFdf sI pr keIdhfikaF qwk jurm aqy afriQk pqn dykfrn ieh dunIaF df Kqrnfk Èihr bxigaf. johfnsbrg dy awgy vDx aqy pqn dIkhfxI df sB qoN vwzf sbUq iewQoN df kyNdrIkfrobfrI ielfkf hY. johfnsbrg dy kfrobfrIielfky ivc afAux qy quhfƒ imlxgy bMd hocuwky bYNkF dy KflI lfkr, brbfd ho cuwky ÈyarbfËfr dy KMzrF dIaF iemfrqF. nfl hI iewQy nvyN-nvyN rYstorYNt, dukfnF aqy nvIaF iemfrqF vIdyKx ƒ imlxgIaF. ies qrHF lwgygf ijvyN KMzrFivc nvF Èihr Aug irhf hY. ieh Èihr iËafdfpurfxf nhIN hY. gwl 1886 dI hY jdoN iek aMgryËny iewQy sony dIaF KfxF dI Koj kIqI sI. Aus vkqieh zwc BfÈf bolx vfly boar iksfnF dy tRFsvflirpbilk df ihwsf hoieaf krdf sI. hflYNz dy iehmUl invfsI kyptfAUn Èihr `qy aMgryËF df rfjkfiem hox qoN bfad Bwj ky iewQy af gey sn. prjdoN iewQy sony df bypnfh KËfnf imilaf qF dunIaFBr qoN lok iewQy afpxI iksmq ƒ sunihry awKrFivc ilKx dy leI af ky vwsx lwgy. Dn dOlq dIbfirÈ afeI qF dyÈ dI qrwkI df phIaf vI qyËInfl GuMimaf. afriQk qrwkI df iek mfVf nqIjfieh vI hoieaf ik iewQy bfhr qoN af ky vwsx vfilaF aqy zwc mUl dy lokF ivckfr jMg iCVgeI. iesƒ dunIaf boar XuwD dy nF nfl jfxdIhY. afiKr ivc 1902 ivc aMgryË ijwq gey.

johfnsbrg dy Èfndfr ieiqhfs dI sB qoN vwzIimsfl hY, Pfkskfs bYNk df kwc df bixaf guMbd.hux ies bYNk ƒ ey[ bI[ aYs[ ey[ dy nF nfl jfixafjFdf hY. bYNk dI ieh iemfrq KflI peI hoeI hY.lok ieiqhfsk tUr qy inkldy hn qF ies kwc dyguMbd dI dIvfr dyKdy hn. boar XuwD ivc ijwq qoNbfad aMgryËF ny 1910 ivc dwKxI aÌrIkf dy

Coty-Coty tukiVaF ivc vMzIaF irafsqF ƒ iewkjutkrky XUnIan afÌ sfAUQ aÌrIkf dy nF nfl nvFmulk bxfieaf. amn kfiem hoieaf qF johfns-brg iPr qoN pYsy bxfAux ivc jut igaf. pUryÈihr ivc bYNk KuwlH gey. lokF dI kImqI cIËFrwKx dy leI qihKfny KuwlH gey. isrÌ XUnfeIitzsyPtI izpfijt nF df iek qihKfnf, ieh 1976qwk cwl irhf sI. pr iek bYNk zkYqI dy kfrndIvflIaf hox qoN bfad iesƒ bMd krnf ipaf.hux iewQy iek bfr cldf hY, lok iewQy bYT ky iznrdf vI afnMd lY skdy hn. awj vI ies qihKfnyivc 1000 qoN iËafdf bksy bMd hn, iehnF dyaMdr kI hY, iksy ƒ nhIN pqf. johfnsbrg ny KUbdOlq kmfeI pr ieh kuJ igxy-cuxy lokF dI muwTIivc kYd ho ky rih geI. dwKxI aÌrIkf dI iËafdfqr afbfdI ies dOlq qoN vFJI hI rhI.

1948 dIaF coxF ivc nYÈnl pfrtIkyvl 38 PIsdI votF pf ky swqf ivc af geI. AusqoN bfad iesny dyÈ Br ivc rMgByd dI nIqI lfgU

kr idwqI. kfly lokF ƒ ÈihrF qoN dUr alwgbsqIaF ivc vwsx leI mjbUr kr idwqf igaf.gory kfrobfrI afpxy Gr 6 qoN iËafdf kfilaF ƒnOkrI `qy nhIN rwK skdy sn. kfilaF ƒ dyÈ dInfgirkqf aqy AuhnF dI afpxI ËmIn `qy aiDkfr qwk qoN vFJf kr idwqf igaf. keI sflFqwk dunIaF ny dwKxI aÌrIkf dy rMgByd vwloN awKF

bMd rwKIaF sn. 1960 ivc AuQy kfilaF dy Èfr-pivl nslGfq kFz qoN bfad afiKrkfr kYnyzfaqy Bfrq dy dbfa ivc dwKxI aÌrIkf ƒ ibRitÈkfmnvYlQ qoN bfhr kIqf igaf. Auh ibRtyn dImhfrfxI dy inËfm dy dfiery qoN vI bfhr ho gey.ibRtyn qoN afËfd hox dy bfad dwKxI aÌrIkf dIqrwkI ƒ hor rÌqfr iml geI. ies ny rYNz dy nFnfl afpxI nvIN krMsI afrMB kIqI, jo amrIkfzflr dy brfbr dI kImq dI sI. dwKxI aÌrIkfivc kfilaF dy iÉlfÌ rMgByd dy Ëulm jfrI rhy.keI sflF dy aMdoln qoN bfad dunIaF dI nËries Ëulm vwl geI. 1980 dy dhfky ivc ihMsksMGrÈ, smfijk AuQl-puQl aqy aMqr rfÈtrIdbfa dy kfrn dwKxI aÌrIkf dI srkfr ƒ rMg-Byd dI nIqI qy muV ivcfr leI mjbUr kr idwqf.1985 ivc dwKxI aÌrIkf dy rfÈtrpqI lUeI boQfny aYlfn kIqf ik hux bdlfa df vkq af igafhY. AuhnF df mulk hux nslByd dy Éfqmy leIiqafr hY. lokF ƒ lwigaf ik dwKxI aÌrIkf dy

kfilaF ƒ afiKr brfbrI df hwk imlx vflf hYpr afKrI mOky qy boQf df ierfdf bdl igaf.rMgByd dI nIqI jfrI rhI. pr ies vfr dunIaFny dwKxI aÌrIkf ƒ sbk isKfAux df PYslfkIqf. keI mulkF ny dwKxI aÌrIkf `qy sÉqafriQk pfbMdIaF lgf idwqIaF. bhuq sfrIaFkMpnIaF AuQoN Bwj geIaF. qrwkI dI ckfcOND nfl

jgmg johfnsbrg Èihr vIrfn hooxlwigaf. Èihr dy ihlbRo vrgy kfrobfrIielfky suMnsfn ho gey jo QoVHf bhuqfkfrobfr bicaf vI sI, Auh aprfiDkigrohF df iÈkfr bxn lwigaf. KflI iem-frqF ivc aijhy lokF ny zyrf jmf ilaf.ijhnF iemfrqF ivc kfrobfr dI ckfcOND sI, AuQy vyÈvfGr aqy zRg dy kflyDMdy df hnyrf Cf igaf sI. Èihr ƒ bd-nfmI df gRihx lwg igaf sI. afiKrkfr1990 dy dhfky ivc rfÈtrpqI aYP[zbilAU zy klrk dI agvfeI ivc dwKxIaÌrIkf ny afpxy kfly nfgirkF nflsmJOqy dI gwlbfq kIqI. rMgByd ƒ Kqmkrn dI idÈf ivc kdm cuwky jfx lwgy.kfilaF dy aihm lIzr nYlsn mMzylf ƒrfbyn afeIlYNz dI jylH qoN irhfa kIqf

igaf. 1994 ivc dwKxI aÌrIkf ivc pihlIaFlokrfjI coxF hoeIaF, ijs ivc kfly lokF ny vIihwsf ilaf. pr iesdy nfl hI dwKxI aÌrIkf ivciek vfr iPr ainÈicqqf df dOr afrMB ho igaf.rMgByd dIaF dIvfrF qF izwgIaF pr johfnsbrgivc afbfdI df hVH ijhf af igaf. johfnsbrgivckfr jo kfrobfrI ielfkf kdI Dn-dOlq dIcmk nfl rOÈn sI, Auh Drny-pRdrÈnF df iTk-fxf bx igaf. ivroDI dlF dy vrkrF ivckfrihMsk mukfbly hox lwgy.

kfrobfrIaF ivc iPr Bwj-dOV lwg geI.keI bYNk qF afpxf sfjo-smfn qwk vfps nhINilaf sky. AuhnF dIaF vIrfn iemfrqF ivc iKMzysmfn Aus dOr dI dsqfn ibafn krdy hn. ey[bI[ aYs[ ey[ bYNk dy KflI guMbd dy hyTF quhfƒkqfr ivc lwgIaF nIlIaF PfeIlF imlxgIaF.iehnF ivc ey[ bI[ aYs[ ey[ bYNk dy gfhkF df hrlYx-dyx aqy icwTI pwqr df ihsfb sFB ky rwiKafhoieaf hY.

sonf Auglx vflf Èihr jo bx igaf aprfDIaF df awzf


iksy kMm nUM lY ky afpxI iËMmyvfrI nUM smJxf bhuq cMgI afdqhY, pr iËMmyvfrI df ieh Bfv vD jfvy qfˆ muÈikl ho skdI hY.kMm qy afdqfˆ nUM lY ky loV qoˆ vwD sÉqI ivakqI nUM ibmfr bxf

skdI hY. aijhf ivakqI afbsYisv kMplisv izsafrzr(EaYwszI) df iÈkfr ho skdf hY. EsIzI dI siQqI `c ivakqInUM koeI kMm duhrfAux dI afdq ho jfˆdI hY. vfr-vfr qflf cYwkkrnf, hwQ Doxf, loV qoˆ vwD sÌfeI krnf ies dy lwCxfˆ `c Èumfrhn. jfpfn dI XUnIvristI afP hIroiÈmf dy aYsosIeyt pRoPYsrXoÈInorI suigrf ny ikhf, EsIzI dy iÈkfr ivakqI `c vfr-vfrnkfrfqmk ivcfr afAuˆdy hn qy Auh AunHfˆ qoˆ bcx dI koiÈÈkrdf rihMdf hY.` aiDaYn df AudyÈ ieh jfxnf sI ik EsIzIijhI ibmfrI df kfrn kI huMdf hY. ies muqfbk iËMmyvfrI nfljuVy svflfˆ `qy ijnHfˆ mukfblybfËfˆ nUM iËafdf nMbr imly, AunHfˆ `cEsIzI dI ÈMkf iËafdf pfeI geI.

eyÈIan mulkF Kfs krky Bfrq ivc pirvfr ƒsB qoN iËafdf aihmIaq idwqI jFdI hY. lokafpxy pirvfr dy leI kI nhIN krdy. kdI pirvfrdI KuÈI dy leI afpxIaF inwjI KuÈIaF dI kurbfnIidMdy hn qF kdI pirvfr dy nfl iml ky rihxaqy pirvfr ƒ KuÈ rwKxf hI afpxI iËMdgI dfmksd bxf lYNdy hn.

dunIaF dy bhuq sfry mulkF ivc pirvfrƒ qrjIh dyx dI sMsikRqI hY. AuQy hI kuJ mulkaijhy vI hn, ijwQy mF-bfp aqy bwcy gYrF vFgiËMdgI guËfrdy hn. KudpRsqI iehnF dI sMsikRqIdf ihwsf hY. bËurg mF-bfp ƒ nfl rwKxf inwjIiËMdgI ivc dÉl-aMdfËI mMinaf jFdf hY. ipClykuJ sflF qoN dyiKaf igaf hy ik BUmMzlIkrn dykfrn AuhnF mulkF ivc vI pirvfr tuwt rhy hn,ijwQy iekwly rihx dI rvfieq nhIN hY. Bfrq dIhI gwl krIey qF vwzI igxqI ivc lok ruËgfr dIBfl ivc ipMzF qoN ÈihrF ivc jF ivdyÈF ivcplfien kr rhy hn. ijs kfrn nf cfhuMdy hoey vIpirvfrF ivc iek dUrI bx rhI hY. iehI hflfq

aMqr rfÈtrI pwDr `qy hY aqy awjirsrc df ivÈf bx geI hY. ibRtynivc stYNz alon nF dI iek sMsQf hY,jo pirvfr qoN alwg ho cuwky lokF dImdd krdI hY. ies sMsQf dI irsrcirport dwsdI hY ik ibRtyn ivc hrpMjvyN pirvfr ivc koeI iek mYNbrpirvfr qoN alwg huMdf hY.

ies qrHF amrIkf ivc krIbdo hËfr mfvF aqy AuhnF dy bwicaF qykIqI geI irsrc dwsdI hY ik 10PIsdI mfvF afpxy bwicaF qoN alwg hocuwkIaF hn. amrIkf dI iek horirsrc dwsdI hY ik kuJ smfjF ivcmF-bfp df bwicaF qoN alwg hoxf ieMnfhI afm hY, ijMnf ik qlfk hoxf. stYNzalon sMsQf dI sMsQfpk bykf blYNzKud iesy iksm dy qjribaF ivcoNlMGI hY. AuhnF df afpdy mF-bfp nfl

koeI sMprk nhIN hY. ieMnf kihxf hY ik hux iehpMj sfl pihlF qwk ieh gwl ieMnI crcf ivc nhINsI. pr jdoN qoN gUgl qy iekwlypx nfl sbMDqÈbd ƒ lwiBaf jfx lwigaf ieh Èbd gUgltRYNzs zftf ivc sB qoN Aupr nËr afAux lwigaf.Kfs qOr qy kYnyzf, afstRylIaf aqy isMgfpur ivcqF ieh Èbd gUgl `qy sB qoN iËafdf dyiKafigaf. bykf iesdI iek hor vjHf dwsdI hY. AuhnFdf kihxf hY ik sfl 2018 ivc ibRtyn dy lokF nyafpxy rfjkumfr ipR hYrI dI pqnI mygn mfrkldy bfry gUgl qy sB qoN iËafdf src kIqf. mygnmfrkl amrIkIaF dI src ilst ivc dUjy nMbr`qy sI.

asl ivc mygn mfrkl afpxy ipqf qoNvwK hox dy kfrn surKIaF ivc sI. AuhnF dy afpxyipqf dy nfl sbMD cMgy nhIN sn. keI hor vwzysYlIibRtI vI ies iksm dy qjribaF ivcoN lMGrhy hn. imsfl dy leI sfl 2018 ivc hIhflIvuwz klfkfr sr aYNQnI hfpikMs ny mMinafsI ik ipCly vIh sflF ivc AuhnF ny Èfied hI

kdI afpxI bytI nfl gwl kIqI hovy. ieh irvfjnfmI ÈKsIaqF dy nfl nfl afm lokF dI iËMdgIivc vI afm gwl bxdf jf irhf hY.

lwgBwg sfry mulkF ivc awj bËurgF dyleI Elz eyj hfAUs bxn lwgy hn. AuhnF ƒ AuQyhr iksm dIaF shUlqF iml jFdIaF hn. ijhnFmulkF ivc kilafxkfrI shUlqF vwzy pwDr `qyidwqIaF jFdIaF hn, AuQy pirvfr dy nOjvfn mYN-brF ƒ alwg krn ivc koeI burfeI vI nËr nhIN afAuNdI.

AuhnF ƒ lwgdf hY ik hr Aumr dy lokFƒ hm AumrF dI loV huMdI hY. Auh afpxy bËurgFdy nfl irÈqf mËbUq bxfeI rwKxdy leI vI AuhnF qoN dUrI bxflYNdy hn. AuQy hI ijhnFmulkF ivc srkfrvwloN ibhqrshUlqF nhINimldIaF Auhb Ë u r g , nOjvfn aqybwicaF dy nflmËbUq irÈqfaqy iek dUjynfl lgfadyKx ƒ imldfhY. iesdI imsflsfƒ XUrp dy kuJmulkF ivc dyKx ƒimldI hY. ies qoN ielfvfiswiKaf df AuWc pwDr vI vKryvyN dfiek kfrn hY. ijhnF lokF dy kol cMgI iswiKaf hY,Ëfihr hY Auh cMgy ahuidaF 8qy kMm krdy hn.Auh kMm dy islisly ivc dUjy mulkF ivc jFdy hn.iesdI vjHf nfl mfqf-ipqf qoN dUrI bx jFdI hY.

nfl hI aijhy pirvfrF ivc afriQkqOr qy lok iek-dUjy `qy inrBr nhIN krdy, ieskrky AuhnF ƒ alwg hox ivc koeI iJjk vI mihsUs nhIN huMdI. ieh vI dyiKaf igaf ik jo Gwt

igxqI iPrky dy lok iek-dUjy qoN iËafdf nyVyrihMdy hn. AuhnF kol vwzy pirvfr vI iek Cwq qyhyTF rihxf psMd krdy hn. ieh vI ho skdf hYik asurwiKaf dI Bfvnf AuhnF ƒ aijhf krn leIkihMdI hovy.

20 sfl bfad ikho ijhf hovygf smfjirsrc dwsdI hY ik XugFzf dy pirvfrF

ivc dUrI df irvfj qyËI nfl jgHf bxf irhf hY.kMpflf XUnIvristI dI irsrc stIPn bnzyrf dfkihxf hY ik rvfieqI qOr `qy XugFzf ivc bhuqvwzy-vwzy pirvfr huMdy hn. pUrf kunbf iekwTfrihMdf hY pr hfl dy kuJ dhfikaF ivc ies ivc

bdlfa afieaf hY. pihlF vwzy pirvfrF dybhuq sfry mYNbr XugFzf ivc gRih

XuwD dy iÈkfr jF eyzË dymrIËF dI mdd leI sfrf

jIvn smripq kr idMdysn. pr hux hflfq

bdl gey hn. huxXugFzf ivc 50 qoN

Aupr dI Aumr dykrIb 9 PIsdI lokFny iekwilaF jIvn

guËfrnf afrMB kridwqf hY. Èfied iesdI

vjHf ÈihrIkrn hY.ÈihrF ivc vwzy pirvfr

ƒ iekwiTaF rwKxf afsfnnhIN hY. ies krky vI bËurgF

dy nfl vKryvyN dI siQqI pYdf ho rhIhY aqy lMGdy dOr dy nfl ieh siQqI hor

mËbUq hovygI. pr kuJ irsrcr dwsdy hn ik iksyvI smfj ivc sMsikRqk kdrF kImqF bhuqmËbUq huMdIaF hn.

Auh afsfnI nfl Kqm nhIN huMdy. ieskrky ijhnF smfjF ivc pirvfrF dy nfl rihx dfirvfj hY, Auh awgy vI rhygf pr Kojkfr vnzyrfƒ XkIn hY ik afAux vfly 20 sfl ivc siQqIpUrI qrHF bdl jfvygI.

ibmfr bxf skdI hY Éud `qyiËafdf sÉqI dI afdq

pirvfrF dy tuwtx-iKMz jfx df kI kfrn hY?

dfg-Dwby aqy muhFsy dUr krky cmVI ƒ inKfrdf hY pudInflwgBwg hr rsoeI ivc pudInfafsfnI nfl iml jfvygf. iesdIKuÈbU nf kyvl Kfx-pIx dfsvfd vDfAuNdI hY, blik iesivc pfey jfx vfly vwK vwKaoÈDI gux ishq aqy suhwpxdovF dy leI PfiedymMd huMdy hn.pudIny dI KuÈbU aqy svfdlwgBwg hr iksy df mn mohlYNdI hY. ieh TMzk dy nflqfËgI vI pRdfn krdf hY. iesivc ivtfimn ey BrpUr mfqrfivc pfieaf jFdf hY. ieh sfzIishq aqy suhwpx dy leI bhuqPfiedymMd huMdf hY. suhwpxinKfr dy leI pudInf kfÌIkfmXfb hY. cmVI `qy dfg-Dwbyaqy muhFisaF nfl pRyÈfn lokF dyleI pudIny dIaF pwqIaF dfiesqymfl krnf bhuqPfiedymMd rihMdf hY. pudIny dyaYNtI bYktIrIal gux dy kfrnieh cmVI ƒ zUMGfeI qoN sfPkrdf hY. ies ivc cmVI nfljuVIaF keI smwisafvF Kud dUr ho jFdIaFhn. pudIny dI rYgUlr vrqoN qoN ibnf iksysfeIz iePYkt dy kuJ hI idnF ivc inwKrIcmVI pRfpq huMdI hY.

pudIny dIaF pwqIaF dI qfsIrkfÌI TMZI huMdI hY. KIry vFg pudInf vI cmVIƒ mOscurfeIË krn df kMm krdf hY. pudInydIaF pwqIaF dy rs ƒ ichry qy lgfAux nflcmVI ivc qfËgI afAuNdI hY. nfl hI nmIvI imldI hY. pudIny dy rs nfl cmVI dy romvI KuwlHdy hn. ies qoN ielfvf JurVIaF ƒdUr krn dy leI pudIny dIaF pwqIaF dfiesqymfl kIqf jFdf hY. pudIny dIaF pwqIaF

dy rs ƒ dhIN jF Èihd dynfl imlf ky cmVI qylgfAuxf bhuqPfiedymMd huMdfhY. awjklH dymOsm ivc zR-feInYs afmgwl hY. zR-feInYs qoN bcxdy leI jykrqusIN zfeIt ivcpudInf lEgy qF cmVIƒ BrpUr aYNtIafksIzYNts

imlxgy. nfl hI cmVI dfinKfr brkrfr rhygf. iesqoN ielfvf pudInf nf kyvlcmVI dI sPfeI dy kMmafAuNdf hY, blik iesdIrYgUlr vrqoN nfl cmVI dIrMgq vI vDdI hY. jykr qusINafpxI cmVI ivc inKfrcfhuMdI ho qF pudIny dIaFpwqIaF df pyst jF iPriesdy rs ƒ rYgUlr lgfAuxnfl ichry qy inKfr afAuNdfhY. Duwp ivc iËafdf inklxdy kfrn sfzI cmVI tYn hojFdI hY. ies krky rMgqinKfrn aqy tYinMg ƒ dUrkrn leI pudIny ivc mOjUdEmygf-3 PYtI aYisz bhuqmddgfr huMdf hY. tYinMg dIsmwisaf hox `qy cmVI `qypudIny dIaF qfËf pwqIaF dylyp ƒ lgfAux nhIN bhuqiËafdf Pfiedf huMdf hY. iesqoN ielfvf grmIaF ivc qyË

Duwp ivc snbrn dIsmwisaf bhuq

afm hY.snbrn vflI

cmVI qym u l q f n IimwtI ivcpudIny df

rs jF i p p r m Y N t

afiel imlf kylgfAux nfl

afrfm imldf hY.


mYˆ iesdy bfry dUjI vfr nhIˆ socdI. asIˆ grBpfqbfry KuwlH ky gwl krdy hfˆ. mYnUM Xfd hY ik ipClIvfr mYˆ afpxy dosqfˆ aqy pirvfr mYˆbrfˆ nUM iesdybfry dwisaf sI. grInlYˆz dI 19 sflf pIaf nydwisaf. "afm qOr `qy mYˆ sfvDfnI vrqdI hfˆ prkeI vfr asIˆ Buwl jfˆdy hfˆ. ajy myrf koeI bwcfnhIˆ hY. ieh myry skUl df afÉrI sfl hY. iehkihxf hY grInlYˆz dI rfjDfnI nuwk dIrihx vflI iewk bflgf df. Auh iekwlIaijhI nhIˆ hY.

srkfr dy aMkiVafˆ muqfbk2013 qwk iewQy hr sfl 700 jnm aqy800 grBpfq dy mfmly drj huMdy sn.grInlYˆz ivwc grBpfq df aMkVf vwDikAuˆ hY?

Gwt jnsMiKafgrInlYz dunIafˆ df sB qo vwzf afeIlYzhY pr iewQy jnsMiKaf bhuq Gwt hY.grInlYˆz dy 1 jnvrI 2019 dy aMki-Vafˆ muqfbk grInlYˆz dI jn sMiKaf55,992 sI. awDIafˆ qoˆ vwD aOrqfˆ grBvqI hoxdy bfvjUd bwcy nUM jnm nhIˆ idMdIafˆ. hr 1000aOrq dy ipwCy 30 grBpfq drj kIqy gey hn.aiDkfrq aMkiVafˆ muqfbk zYnmfrk ivwc 1000aOrqfˆ ipwCy 12 grBpfq huMdy hn.

afriQk idwkqfˆ, grIbI aqy iswiKaf dI Gft

afriQk muÈklfˆ, Grfˆ ivwc grIbI aqy iswiKafdI Gft vI ies aMkVy dy vDx df aihm kfrn hY.

bhuq sfry dysfˆ ivwc iewQoˆ qwk ik ijwQygrBpfq kfnUMnI aqy muÌq hY, Aus dys ivwc ienHfˆcIËfˆ bfry iËafdf nhIˆ dwisaf jfˆdf ik grBinroDk muÌq hn aqy afsfnI nfl iml jfˆdy hn.

grInlYˆz ivwc keI aOrqfˆ ies bfryicMqq nhIˆ hn, Auh axcfhI pRYgnYˆsI nUM iËafdfqvwjo nhIˆ idMdy, ijs kfrn AunHfˆ nUM ÈrimMdf hoxf pvy.

aborÈn zyapr ikAuˆ iewQy bhuq sfrIafˆ axcfhIafˆ

pRYgnYˆsIafˆ hn? pIaf df kihxf hY, “myry keIdosqfˆ ny grBpfq krvfieaf hY. myry aqy myry Brfqoˆ pihlfˆ myrI mfˆ dy iqMn grBpfq hoey hn.

zYnmfrk ivwc rosiklzy XUnIvristIivwc ies ivÈy `qy pIaYwczI kr rhI qurI

hyrmfnsdoqIr df kihxf hY,``nuwk ivwc ividafrQIbuwDvfr nUM sYksUal hYlQ klIink jfˆdy hn ijsnUM Auh `àbOrÈn zya`` kihMdy hn.

"grInlYˆz ivwc grBpfq bfry bihskoeI crcf df ivÈf jfˆ Èrm df muwdf nhIˆ hY. aqynf hI ivafh qoˆ pihlfˆ sYks jfˆ iPr ibnfˆ Xojnfdy grB Dfrn krnf.`` pIaf df kihxf hY,“grBinroDk muÌq ivwc jfˆ afsfnI nfl iml jfˆdyhn pr myry bhuq sfry dosq iesdI vrqoˆ nhIˆkrdy.`` sitn brynoeI iesqrI rogI mfihr hYijhVI ik grIn ivwc kMm krdI hY aqy keI sflfˆqoˆ grBpfq `qy irsrc kr rhI hY.

Aus ny dwisaf, "krIb 50 ÌIsd aOrqfˆ`qy mYˆ srvyKx kIqf, AunHfˆ df kihxf sI ik AuhgrBinroDk bfry jfxdy hn pr 85 ÌIsd qoˆ vwDlok iesdI vrqoˆ nhIˆ krdy jfˆ iPr shI qrIkynfl nhIˆ krdy.``

Auh kihMdI hY,`ìËafdfqr axcfhIafˆ

pRYgnYˆsIafˆ Èrfb dI vrqoˆ krn nfl huMdIafˆ hn.ies dOrfn mrd aqy aOrq dovfˆ nUM grB inroDklYx bfry Xfd nhIˆ rihMdf.``

AusdI irsrc muqfbk hyrmfnsdoqIrAuh iqMn kfrn dwsdI hY ijsdy kfrn gRInlYˆz ivwcaOrqfˆ grBinroDk dI vrqoˆ nhIˆ krdIafˆ.

“pihlfˆ Auh aOrqfˆ ijhVIafˆ bwcf

cfhuMdIafˆ hn, dUjf Auh aOrqfˆ ijhVIafˆ ihMsf dfiÈkfr hox jfˆ iPr Èrfb dI vrqoˆ vyly Aunfˆ nUMgrBinroDk lYx bfry Xfd nhIˆ rihMdf aqy qIjfqy afÉrI ieh ik jykr purÈ sfQI kozMm dI vrqoˆkrn qoˆ ienkfr kr dyvy.``

pIaf ny dwisaf,”svyry aqy dupihr smyˆlYx vflI golI bfry mYnUM vI iewk mhInf pihlfˆ hIpqf lwigaf, mYnUM nhIˆ lgdf ik sB nUM ies bfrypqf hovygf.``

"myrf mfˆ ny kdy vI myry nfl sYksualhYlQ bfry gwl nhIˆ kIqI, mYnUM ienHfˆ cIËfˆ bfryskUl aqy myry dosqfˆ qoˆ pqf lwigaf.`` iek stwzImuqfbk gRInlYˆz dy pirvfrfˆ ivwc sYksua hYlQbfry bhuqI gwl nhIˆ kIqI jfˆdI ikAuîk ies nUMajIb aqy muÈikl mMinaf jfˆdf hY.

dunIafˆ ivwc sB qoˆ vwD KudkuÈIafˆ df aMkVf

ÉudkuÈIafˆ dy nfl-nfl gRInlYˆz ivwc

ÉuduÈIafˆ df aMkVf vI bhuq Auwpr hY. ieMtrnYÈljrnl afÌ srkmpolr hYlQ dy aMkVy muqfbkhr sfl 100,000 lokfˆ ipwCy 83 mfmly KudkuÈIdy sfhmxy afAuˆdy hn. mnoivigafnI lfrspyzrsn ijnHfˆ ny gRInlYˆz ivwc keI sflfˆ qwk kMmkIqf hY, kihMdy hn,`ìËafdfqr mfmilafˆ ivwcijhVy ihMsf dy sfey ivwc vwzy huMdy hn Auh

iËafdfqr KudkuÈI krdy hn.``sfirafˆ leI muÌq grBpfq

keIafˆ dI slfh hY ikgRInlYˆz nUM grBpfq df aMkVf GtfAux leI grBpfq leI PIs lYxIÈurU krnI cfhIdI hY. keIafˆ df qrkhY ik vDyry grBpfq krvfAuxvflIafˆ aOrqfˆ nUM ies qwQ nfl koeIlYxf-dyxf nhIˆ hY ik grBpfq muÌqivwc jfˆ afsfnI nfl ho jfˆdf hY.pRoÌYsr johfny sMdby ijnHfˆ ny gRInlYˆzivwc aOrqfˆ aqy bwicafˆ nUM ihMsf ivwcoˆbfhr kwZx leI kMm kIqf hY AunHfˆ df

kihxf hY,``mrIËf nUM iesdy leI PIs nhIˆ dyxfcfhIdI. mYˆ iesdy ivroD ivwc hfˆ.``

id zfl pRfjYktgRInlYˆz ivwc 14-15 sfl dI Aumr ivwc

nOjvfn sYks krnf ÈurU kr idMdy hn. kOmI aMkiVafˆ muqfbk 15 sfl dI Aumr vfly 63 ÌIsdlok roËfnf sYks krdy hn.

srkfr ny skUlfˆ ivwc ividafriQafˆ nUM``zfl pRfjYkt`` bfry jfxU krvfieaf jo nOjvfnfˆnUM Gwt Aumr ivwc bwcf hox dy nqIijafˆ bfryjfxkfrI idMdf hY.

ies pRfjYkt df AudyÈ axcfhy grB dyaMkVy nUM Gwt krnf hY aqy grBinroDk dI vrqoˆvDfAuxf hY. muMzy aqy kuVIafˆ nUM iewk aslI idKxvflI guwzI idwqI jfˆdI hY ijsdf ivhfr iewk bwcydI qrHfˆ hovy. ieh iewk qrIkf hY ijsdy qihq 13qoˆ 18 sfl dI Aumr dy nOjvfnfˆ nUM iewk bwcy dIiËMmyvfrI df afihsfs krvfAuxf hY.

Auh dys, ijwQy jnm dyx qoˆ vwD grBpfq krvfieaf jfˆdf hY

pMjfbI dy pRiswD lyKk bfry piVHaf/suixaf sI ikiek vfrI Aus df mnI afrzr afieaf. zfkIey nyjd lyKk dI irhfieÈ `qy dsqk idwqI qfˆ Auh GrynhIˆ sI. Aus df nOkr Gry sI. GMty ku bfad jdlyKk Gr afieaf qfˆ nOkr ny mnI afrzr bfrydwisaf. lyKk AunHIˆ pYrIˆ kfr lY ky zfkIey nUMlwBdf-luBfAuˆdf muwK zfkGr phuMc igaf ikAuîkAus nUM pYisafˆ dI sÉq loV sI. pYsy lY ky jd GrphuMicaf qfˆ pqf lwgf ik mnI afrzr dI rkm qoˆkeI guxf iËafdf qfˆ Aus ny pYtrol hI PUk idwqfsI. jy Auh nf jfˆdf qfˆ zfkIaf agly idn af kyvI mnI afrzr dI rkm dy skdf sI.

Gro bfhr jd vI mY jfˆdf hfˆ, afpxy kolbfl puafieMt pYwn aqy kfÊË nfl lYxf nhIˆ Buwldf.kdy iksy df Pon/mobfiel nMbr jfˆ koeI hor gwlnot krnI pY jfˆdI hY. ijhVI cIË mfrkIt qoîlafAuxI huMdI hY, Auh vI mYˆ Groˆ not kr ky lYjfˆdf hfˆ. sfrIafˆ cIËfˆ dI sUcI ËubfnI Xfd nhIˆrihMdI. Gr huMdy hoey vI aÉbfr pVHidafˆ pYwn myrykol huMdf hY. kuJ not krn leI kfpI vI myry kolhuMdI hY. mYˆ vDIaf lyKkfˆ dy Pon nMbr jfˆ AunHfˆ dfaqf-pqf not kr lYˆdf hfˆ.

keI idnfˆ qoˆ myrI pqnI brIk nmkInsyvIafˆ mfrkIt qoˆ ilafAux nUM kih rhI sI.dupihr df Kfxf Kf ky mYˆ mfrkIt jfˆdf hfˆ.aÉbfrfˆ nUM Byjx vflIafˆ do-cfr hwQ ilKqfˆ nUMPoto styt krfAux leI vI nfl lY jfˆdf hfˆ. ilKxleI pYwn qfˆ pihlfˆ hI kol sI. itktfˆ lwgy ilÌfiÌafˆ `qy isrnfvyˆ qfˆ Groˆ hI ilK ley sn.pihlfˆ Potostyt vflI dukfn `qy jfˆdf hfˆ. PotostytilKqfˆ `qy afpxf isrnfvfˆ/Pon nMbr ilK ky ilÌfiÌafˆ `c ilKqfˆ pf ky PYvIkol nfl bMd kridMdf hfˆ. pYwn nUM AuwQy tybl `qy rwK idMdf hfˆ. iehpYwn kuJ idn pihlfˆ byty nUM ikqy lYkcr dyx geynUM kflj vfilafˆ ny Byt kIqf sI aqy ijs idn Auhvfps mohflI igaf, pYwn iewQy hI Cwz igaf sI.icwTIafˆ zfk zwby `c pf ky mYˆ hlvfeI dI dukfn qoˆloVIˆdf sfmfn lY ky Gr nUM cwl pYˆdf hfˆ. rfh `c

iksy Gr awgy sfmfn nfl lwidaf iek trwk KVHfhY. soicaf kdy aijhy trwk dI loV pY skdI hY.trwk `qy ilKy sMprk nMbr ilKx leI mYˆ pYwn nUMjyb `c ttolx lwgdf hfˆ. jyb ÉflI hY. pYwn Potostyt vflI dukfn `qy hI rih igaf lwgdf hY.mYˆ qfˆ Gr dy nyVy phuMc igaf hfˆ. Gr af ky dukfnvfly nUM Pon lgfAuˆdf hfˆ. koeI Pon nhIˆ cuwkdf.pYdl hI dubfrf iPr dkfn qy jfˆdf hfˆ. dukfn bMd

hY. dupihr nUM dukfn iek-do GMty leI bMd ho jfˆdIhY. mYnUM awcvI lwgI hoeI hY. pYwn bhuqf mihMgf vInhIˆ hY. sfDfrn bfl puafieMt pYwn hY. kflj vfi-lafˆ ny qfˆ mfrkIt qoˆ Qok c ssqy Bfa lY ky bfkIafey bulfirafˆ nUM vI idwqy hoxgy. Gr vfps afjfˆdf hfˆ. cfr ku vjy iPr dukfn `qy puhMcdf hfˆ.Pon nhIˆ krdf. Pon qy puwCx qy dukfndfr ny kihhI dyxf hY ik iewQy qfˆ koeI pYwn nhIˆ rih igaf.ijs lVky ny Poto kfpIafˆ kIqIafˆ sn, Auh AuwQynhIˆ sI. Aus df bfp Èfm dI cfh pI irhf sI. mYnUMvI Auh cfh leI sulHf mfrdf hY. mYˆ pYwn dy AuwQyrih jfx bfry puwCdf hfˆ. Auh eyDr/EDr dyK kykihMdf hY ik quhfzy dwsy rMg vflf qfˆ iewQy koeIpYwn nhIˆ. lVkf afAuˆdf hY qfˆ puwC lYxf. awDy GMty

qk af jfAUgf. iPr pqf kr lYxf. dukfn `qy KVHky vI awDf GMtf AuzIkxf muÈkl hY. vfps Gr afjfˆdf hfˆ. Èfm dI cfh pIîdafˆ awDf GMtf lMG jfˆdfhY. do vfrI qfˆ mfrkIt dy cwkr pYdl lgf afieafhfˆ. hux pYdl jfx dI ihMmq nhIˆ pr pYwn qfîlafAuxf hI hY. ikAuˆ nf bfhr KVHI kfr lY jfvfˆ.mYˆ dukfn `qy phuMcdf hfˆ. lVkf ajy afieaf nhIˆlwgdf. Aus dy bfp nUM puwCdf hfˆ ik rfjU afieaf

nhIˆ. afieaf qfˆ sI, iPr koeI kMm pY igaf. jfxfipaf. kfr lY ky Gr vfps afAuˆdf hfˆ. socdf hfˆjd Èfm nUM pfrk `coˆ sYr kr ky vfps afvfˆgy,iPr pqf kr lvfˆgy. pfrk `c sYr kr ky jdvfps mfrkIt phuMcy qfˆ mYˆ pqnI nUM kfr `c bYTyrihx leI kih ky iek vfr iPr dukfn `qy igaf.lVky nUM pYwn bfry puwCdf hfˆ. iks rMg df sI, AuhpuwCdf hY. ikwQy rwiKaf sI. Aus afsy-pfsy dyKdfhY. iewQy qfˆ koeI pYwn nhIˆ. koeI gfhk lY igafhovygf. clo koeI nhIˆ. eynf kih ky, vfps kfr nUMstfrt kr ky Gr af jfˆdy hfˆ. socdf hfˆ ik 5-7rupey dy pYwn leI ikMnI dOV-Bwj kIqI.

hor suxo! pqnI dy mobfeIl Pon df iswmbdlx vflf hY. iksy ny ikhf hY ik ies nUM apgRyz

krn dI loV hY. 3jI qoˆ 4jI krf lvo. jdoˆ myrymobfeIl df ism Érfb ho igaf sI qfˆ mfrkItvflI sbMDq kMpnI dI dukfn vfilafˆ ny nhIˆ sIbdilaf. joqI cOk jfxf ipaf sI. iek vfr qfˆcwkr hI ipaf sI. myry kol koeI afeIzI nhIˆ sI.Groˆ afDfr kfrz dI Poto kfpI lY ky dubfrf jfxfipaf sI.

hux jd pqnI ny iswm bdlfAux leIikhf qfˆ mYˆ Aus dy afDfr kfrz dI PotokfpI pihlfˆhI AunHfˆ nUM dy idwqI sI. nvfˆ ism iml igaf. ieh4 GMty bfad mobfeIl `c pfAuxf hY. mYnUM ies bfrykoeI igafn nhIˆ. iPr nOkr nUM bulfAuˆdy hfˆ. awDyGMty dI imhnq-muÈwkq mgroˆ mobfeIl cwl pYˆdfhY. iPr aYvyˆ hI myry idmfg `c iek nvIˆ icMqf GrgeI ik purfxf ism ikwQy hY. pqnI kihx lwgI,Auh qfˆ dukfn `qy hI lVkI ny kwZ ky suwt idwqf sI.ieh nf hovy ik Aus ism nUM vI koeI vrq lvyikAuîk ism bdlx nfl mobfeIl df nMbr qfˆ koeInhIˆ bdilaf. nMbr qfˆ AuhI irhf sI, mYˆ nvIˆ icMqfshyV leI hY. pqnI kihx lwgI, hux kfr cuwk kyism lYx nf qur ipE.

awj aYqvfr hY. ies idn mYˆ 6 aÉbfrfˆlYˆdf hfˆ. muMzf aÉbfrfˆ suwt ky clf jfˆdf hY. awDyGMty bfad mYˆ jd AunHfˆ dI Polf-PolI krdf hfˆ qfˆdyKdf hfˆ ik ienHfˆ `c `pMjfbI jfgrx` qfˆ hY eInhIˆ. Aus nUM Pon krdf hfˆ. aMkl jI! mYˆ qfˆ isrÌaÉbfrfˆ vMzdf hI hfˆ. ienHfˆ dy sYwt qfˆ BfjIbxfAuˆdy hn. iPr mYˆ BfjI nUM Pon krdf hfˆ. awgoÂuh kihMdf, `pRo[ sfihb! ikqy rih geI hoAUgI.dukfn qoˆ PV lvo.` GMty ku bfad iqafr ho kydukfn `qy jfˆdf hfˆ pYdl eI. pqf lwgdf hY ik iehaÉbfr qfˆ Éqm ho geI hY. mYˆ puwiCaf ik kwlH nUMiml jfAUgI? `kuJ nhIˆ kih skdf.` muMzy df jvfbsI. jy ËrUrI cfhIdI hY qfˆ bws awzy qoˆ pqf krlvo. Gr af ky kfr lY ky bws awzy phuMcdf hfˆ.Èukr ey ik AuwQy aÉbfr iml geI. qusIˆ socogy ik4 rupey dI aÉbfr leI mYˆ eynI Ëihmq AuTfeI.ÉYr! hr bMdy df afpo-afpxf suBfa huMdf aY jI.

Dyly dI buVHI, tkf isr munvfeI pRo[ gurdyv isMG jOhl


dyÈ dI afËfdI leI lVfeI df ishrf Bfvyˆ sB qoˆpurfxI rfjnIqk pfrtI kfˆgrs dy isr bwJdfirhf hY pr sB qoˆ vwD kurbfnIafˆ pMjfbIafˆ ny hIidwqIafˆ hn. pMjfbIafˆ ny hI suqMqrqf sMgrfm dyhr muhfË qy vD-cVH ky ihwsf ilaf. kuwl 121 coˆ93 pMjfbIafˆ PfˆsI hoeI, 2646 kfly pfxI dI sËfivc 2147 iswK, jilHafˆvfly bfg dy 1300 ÈhIdfˆ`coˆ 788 iswK sn.

pMjfb ivc afËfdI qoˆ bfad hI pMjfbIbolI df muwdf muwK irhf hY. ies dy afDfr `qy hIÈRomxI akflI dl afpxI rfjnIqI nUM awgyvDfAudf irhf hY. ÈRomxI akflI dl dy morcy 1950qoˆ hI ies `qy afDfrq rhy hn. sMn 1966 ivcpMjfb dI vMz kr idwqI geI aqy ies `coˆ hirafxf, ihmfcl qy cMzIgVH bxfey gey. vMz dfafDfr vI pMjfbI aqy pMjfbI boldy ielfky hIirhf. pMjfb dI vMz ny keI msly vI KVHy kr idwqyjo ik ajy qk hwl nhIˆ hoey ijvyˆ ik dirafeIpfxIafˆ dI vMz, hirafxf aqy ihmfcl dy pMjfbIboldy ielfky pMjfb nUM dyxy aqy rfjDfnI cMzIgVH`qy pMjfb df aiDkfr aqy qy BfKVf `qy kMtrol.

pMjfb dy smfijk BfeIcfry, DfrimksihxÈIlqf qy ieksurqf bfry kvI Èfh muhMmd ny1839 qoˆ pihlfˆ iliKaf sI, `rfËI bhuq rihMdymuslmfn ihMdU, kdy nhIˆ sI qIsrI jfq afeI.ìeMj Aus ny srkfr Éflsf ivc Auwqm BfeIcfry dIimsfl aMikq kIqI hY qy Éflsf pMQ nUM mnuwKI hwkfˆdf rfKf qy alMbrdfr aMikq kIqf hY. pRoPYsrpUrn isMG ny vI aMgryË rfj smyˆ ies smfijk qyDfrimk eykqf nUM `pMjfb nf ihMdU nf muslmfn,pMjfb ijAUˆdf gurUafˆ dy nfˆ qy` iliKaf pr afËfdIqoˆ bfad pMjfbIafˆ nUM vMz idwqf igaf.

pihlIafˆ lok sBf qy ivDfn sBf coxfˆ1951-1952 qoˆ pMjfb dI vMz 1966-67 qkkfˆgrs pfrtI ibnfˆ iksy vwzI cxOqI dy pMjfb ivcrfj krdI rhI. ÈRomxI akflI dl pwCVI hoeI,dUjI iDr huMdf sI. hor pfrtIafˆ bhuq pRBfvÈflInhIˆ sn.

pMjfb dI vMz qoˆ bfad 1967 dIafîvDfn sBf coxfˆ c Bfvy 104 kuwl sItfˆ `co kfˆgrspfrtI 48 sItfˆ ijwq geI sI aqy ÈRomxI akflIdl ny kyvl 24 sItfˆ ijwqIafˆ sn pr hor ivroDIiDrfˆ BfrqI jn sMG, kimAUinst pfrtI afPieMzIaf afid ny kfˆgrs koloˆ rfj Kohx df mOkfvyK ky eykqf kIqI aqy jsits gurnfm isMG dIagvfeI hyT pihlI ÊYr-kfˆgrsI srkfr pMjfbivc kfiem hoeI.

1967 qoˆ 1984 qk pMjfb dI rfjnIqIivc kyvl iek hI ruJfn irhf ik jdoˆ ivroDI iDrfâfpxy muwdy ipwCy Cwz ky kyvl kfˆgrs nUM hrfAuxleI iekwTIafˆ huMdIafˆ rhIafˆ. sMn 1977 dI aYmrjYˆsI qoˆ bfad hoeIafˆ coxfˆ ivc ÈRomxI akflIdl , jnqf dl qy horfˆ ny 13 sItfˆ ijwq ky kfˆgrsdf sÌfieaf kr idwqf sI pr lgpg iqMn sfl

bfad jdoˆ ivroDI vwKry-vwKry lVy qfˆ kfˆgrs loksBf dIafˆ 12 sItfˆ ijwq geI qy ÈRomxI akflI dlkyvl iek sIt `qy ismt igaf sI. bfkI qfˆ KfqfvI nhI KolH sky sn. ieho hflfq ivDfn sBf ivcvI rhy qy pMjfb ivc srdfr drbfrf isMG dIsrkfr bx geI.

cfr agsq 1982 nUM ÈurU hoey qy sfkfnIlf qfrf nfl Éqm hoey Drm XuwD morcy ny pMjfbdf rfjnIqk mfhOl iekdm bdl idwqf. sMn 1985

dIafˆ lok sBf qy ivDfn sBf coxfˆ ivc rfjIv-loˆgovfl smJOqf hoxf, sRI akfl qÉq dfZih-ZyrI hoxf, iswK nOjvfnfˆ `qy qÈwdd, awqvfdnUM kfbU krnf qy pMjfb ivc amn-kfnUMn bhflkrnf muwK msly sn. Audoˆ muwK mukfblf kfˆgrsaqy ÈRomxI akflI dl ivc sI. ÈRomxI akflI dlibnfˆ iksy hor pfrtI nfl smJOqy dy pihlI vfr7 lok sBf sItfˆ ijwqx ivc kfmXfb hoieaf jdikkfˆgrs 6 sItfˆ hI ijwq skI sI. ivDfn sBf `coÈRomxI akflI dl 73 sItfˆ ijwq ky surjIq isMGbrnflf dI agvfeI hyT srkfr bxf igaf prrfjIv-loˆgovfl smJOqf isry nf cVHn `qy amn-kfnUMn dI siQqI Érfb hox kfrn pMjfbivc 5 sfl leI rfÈtrpqI rfj lfgU hoieaf.

sMn 1989 dIafˆ lok sBf coxfˆ ivckfˆgrs kyvl do sItfˆ hI ijwq skI aqy ismrnjIq isMG mfn qy Aus dy sfQI 11 sItfˆ ijwqky awvl rhy, ÈRomxI akflI dl bfdl dIafˆ bhuqQfvfˆ `qy Ëmfnqfˆ Ëbq ho geIafˆ pr 1996 qoˆvotr dubfrf ÈRomxI akflI dl dI ipwT qy af KVHfhoieaf. sMn 1997 dIafˆ ivDfn sBf coxfˆ ÈRomxIakflI dl-Bfjpf gwTjoV vwzI ijwq pRfpq krigaf. sMn 1999 ivc ieh gwTjoV kyvl 3 sItfˆqk sIimq ho igaf.

2004 dIafˆ lok sBf coxfˆ ivc votrfˆ nyAus vkq dI pMjfb aMdr kYptn amirMdr isMGdI kfrguËfrI nfl asihmqI pRgt krdy hoey 13`coˆ 11 sItfˆ ÈRomxI akflI dl aqy BfrqI jnqfpfrtI gwTjoV dI JolI pfeIafˆ. kfˆgrs kyvl 2sItfˆ `qy ismt geI. sMn 2007 dIafˆ ivDfn sBfcoxfˆ ivc Bfvyˆ ÈRomxI akflI dl qy BfrqI jnqfpfrtI dI sfˆJI srkfr pRkfÈ isMG bfdl dI

agvfeI hyTbx geI priekwlf ÈRomxIakflI dl 75qoˆ Gt ky 48sItfˆ qksIimq ho igaf.sMn 2009dIafˆ lok coxfîvc vI iehgwTjoV kyvl 5sItfˆ ijwq sikaf aqy kfˆgrs 8 sItfˆ lok sBfcoxfˆ ivc ijwq geI. sMn 2014 dIafˆ lok sBf coxfîvc iek nvIˆ rfjsI pfrtI àfm afdmI pfrtI`cox mYdfn ivc AuqrI. Audoˆ pMjfb ivc ÈRomxIakflI dl-Bfjpf gwTjoV dI srkfr sI. afmafdmI pfrtI 4 sItfˆ ijwq ky ÈRomxI akflI dlaqy BfrqI jnqf pfrtI dy gwTjoV qoˆ bfad dUjynMbr `qy kfbË ho geI aqy kfˆgrs isrÌ 3 sItfˆhI ijwq skI.

jykr pfrtIafˆ nUM 2014 ivc peIafˆvotfˆ dy aMkVy vyKIey qfˆ ÈRomxI akflI dl 2009dy 35[85 ÌIsdI vot qoˆ Gt ky 26[3 ÌIsdI `qyrih igaf. BfrqI jnqf pfrtI 10[6 ÌIsdI qoˆGt ky 8[7 ÌIsdI `qy af geI. kfˆgrs nUM vwzfKorf lwgf qy Auh 45[23 ÌIsdI qoˆ Gt ky 33[01ÌIsdI `qy puwj geI. bhujn smfj pfrtI 5[74 qoˆGt ky 1[9 ÌIsdI `qy ismt geI pr afm afdmIpfrtI 24[4 ÌIsdI votfˆ lY ky vwzI rfjsI ÈkqIbx geI.

2014 dIafˆ lok sBf coxfˆ qoˆ bfad afmafdmI pfrtI ijs dy Bfvyˆ 2 mYˆbr pfrlImYˆt bfgIho gey sn, iPr vI 2017 dIafˆ ivDfn sBf coxfîvc srkfr bxfAux dy smrwQ lwgdI sI prafpsI Puwt, qoˆ bfad vI 20 sItfˆ ijwq ky muwKivroDI iDr bx geI. ÈRomxI akflI dl pihlIvfr isrÌ 15 sItfˆ ijwq ky qIjy nMbr `qy afigaf. kfˆgrs pfrtI df votr afpxI pfrtI ivcvfps muV igaf aqy kfˆgrs ny 77 sItfˆ ijwq kykYptn amirMdr isMG dI agvfeI hyT srkfr bxfeI.

17vIˆ lok sBf leI ho rhIafˆ coxfˆ smyîjwQy kfˆgrs pMjfb ivc rfj Bfg `qy kfbË hY,AuwQy hI ivroDI iDr dI siQqI zfvfˆzol hY. kfˆgrspfrtI 13 sItfˆ `qy cox lV rhI hY. muwK ivroDIiDr afm afdmI pfrtI KyrUM-KyrUM ho cuwkI hY. AuhvI sB sItfˆ `qy cox lV rhI hY. afm afdmIpfrtI qoˆ vwK hoey afgU suKpfl isMG Kihrf dIpMjfb eykqf pfrtI ny lok iensfP pfrtI, bhujnsmfj pfrtI, sIpIafeI, pMjfb PrMt qyrYvoilAUÈnrI mfrksvfdI pfrtI nfl iml kypMjfb zYmokRYitk alfieMs bxfieaf hoieaf hY.ÈRomxI akflI dl bfdl qy BfrqI jnqf pfrtIgwTjoV vI cox ipV `c zitaf hoieaf hY. ÈRomxIakflI dl tksflI iek sIt, ÈRomxI akflI dlaMimRqsr vI 1 sIt `qy cox lV irhf hY.

pihlI vfrI hY ik ipCly 34 sfl qoˆpMjfb dI hr isafsI gqIivDI ivc ihwsf lYx aqyPMz dyx vfly ivdyÈfˆ ivc vsdy pMjfbI vI inrpwKaqy ÉfmoÈ hn. ies df kfrn AunHfˆ dI pMjfb dyisafsI afgUafˆ qoˆ inrfÈf hI lwgdI hY. pMjfb dIrfjnIqI ivc hmyÈf pMjfb qy pMQ dy muwdy BfrU rhyhn jo ies vfr hfÈIey `qy jf cuwky hn.

iekbfl isMG lflpurf

lok sBf coxfˆ `c pMjfb dy muwdy Êfieb rhy

4918 Paseo Padre Pkwy, Fremont, CA 94555

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RestaurantNorth & South Indian Cuisine

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GOLDEN INDIA

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EVERY DAY LUNCH BUFFET : 11AM - 3 PMMon - Fri : 5 PM - 9.30 PMSat - Sun : 5 PM - 10 PM

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BfrqI lokqMqr ivc coxfˆ iek mhwqvpUrn AuqsvmMnIafˆ geIafˆ hn. ies mhf-Auqsv df muwK qwqhY votrfˆ nUM vot dyx leI bUQ qk vwD qo vwD igxqIivc puwjxf. bUQ qk jfx df AuqÈfh hI coxfˆ dyAuqsv hox df sbUq bxdf hY. bIqIafˆ keI coxfîvc mqdfn dy ÌIsd ivc lgfqfr vfDf ho irhfhY. hux anyk cox hlikafˆ ivc lgpg 60 ÌIsdIjfˆ ies qoˆ vwD mqdfn ho irhf hY. mMinaf jf irhfhY ik aijhf ies leI ho irhf hY ikAuîk votrfîvc isafsI jfgrUkqf vD rhI hY. ieh isafsIjfgrUkqf isafsI pfrtIafˆ duafrf kIqy jfx vflypRcfr, rYlIafˆ, lokfˆ nUM iekjuwt kr ky bUQ qkiljfx dIafˆ koiÈÈfˆ kfrn vD rhI hY. ies dyielfvf anyk smfijk aMdolnfˆ aqy isvl susfietI smUhfˆ duafrf lokfˆ nUM AuqÈfihq kIqyjfx vfly aMdolnfˆ kfrn vI votrfˆ ivc afpxy hwkfˆpRqI jfgrUkqf vD rhI hY. ies dy ielfvf anykswiBafcfrk-isafsI smUhfˆ aqy rfÈtrI svYmsyvk sMG dI koiÈÈ vI mqdfn ÌIsd vDfAux ivcmddgfr ho rhy hn. rfÈtrI svYm syvk sMG nyiek Pfrm pihlI vfr vot pfAux vfly votrfˆ qoˆBrvfieaf hY. isnymf nfl juVy cricq lokfˆ ny vIvotrfˆ ivc vot dyx pRqI lgfa, iKwc aqy vcnbwDqf pYdf krn leI qrHfˆ-qrHfˆ dIafˆ koiÈÈfˆkIqIafˆ hn. hux pRDfn mMqrI nirMdr modI dy swdy`qy ÈfhruK Kfn duafrf bxfieaf igaf iek vIzIEkfPI psMd kIqf jf irhf hY. tivwtr, Pysbuwksihq qmfm soÈl mIzIaf sfeItfˆ `qy votr jfgrUkqf muihMmfˆ vI clfeIafˆ jf rhIafˆ hn.pRDfn mMqrI nirMdr modI, kfˆgrs muKI rfhulgfˆDI, smfjvfdI pfrtI dy muKI aiKlyÈ Xfdv,bhujn smfj pfrtI dI muKI mfieafvqI, iqRxmUlkfˆgrs dI muKI mmqf bYnrjI, rfkfˆpf dy muKIÈrd pvfr vrgy nyqf vI lgfqfr votrfˆ nUM

mqdfn vfly idn bUQ `qy jf ky vot pfAux dIapIl kr rhy hn. lokfˆ ivc vD rhI iswiKaf,isafsI jfgrUkqf, lokqMqr pRqI lgfa afid nyiml ky Bfrq ivc mqdfn df ÌIsd lgfqfr vDfieaf hY pr jy Auwqr-pUrbI Bfrq aqy pwCmIbMgfl nUM Cwz dyeIey qfˆ iËafdfqr Qfvfˆ `qy iehvot ÌIsd 60 ÌIsdI dy nyVy-qyVy af ky ruk ijhIgeI idKfeI idMdI hY. ies df arQ hY ik hfly vIvotrfˆ df lgpg 35-40 ÌIsdI ihwsf vot pfAuxleI bUQ qk nhIˆ puwj irhf. cox pRcfr dy qrIikafˆdf aiDaYn krIey qfˆ Ëfihr huMdf hY ik cox pRcfrdy rvfieqI qrIky aqy horizMgË, postr, bYnr,lfAUz spIkr ËrIey dUr-durfzy dy Kyqrfˆ ivc jfky pRcfr krnf aqy gfjy-bfjy nfl jlUs, pRBfqPyrI kwZxI afid lgpg nfmfqr hI rih igaf hY.hux cox pRcfr tIvI cYnlfˆ, Pysbuwk, tivwtr vrgIafˆ soÈl sfeItfˆ aqy mobfeIl sMdyÈfˆ qkismt ky rih igaf hY. ies sB dOrfn nyqfvfˆ dIafˆvwzIafˆ rYlIafˆ hfly vI cox pRcfr dy aihm qrIikafˆ ivcoˆ iek idKfeI dy rhIafˆ hn. vwzIafˆcoxfˆ ivc rYlIafˆ dI qulnf ivc nuwkV sBfvfˆ Gwtho rhIafˆ hn. nyqf hYlIkfptr rfhIˆ dyÈ nUM nfpxivc lwgy hoey hn. tryn, jIp, bws vrgy rvfieqIsoimafˆ nfl pRcfr, ijs sdkf jnqf nfl sMprkbxy, vI lgpg Éqm ho igaf hY. iek qrHfˆ BfrqIjmhUrIaq df ieh mhf-Auqsv smfj dy iek Éfsvrg qk sImq ho ky rih igaf hY. smfj dfÈihrI, pyˆzU mwD vrg, piVHaf-iliKaf qy Auhqbkf ijs kol tYlIivËn, smfrtPon afid rwKxdI smrwQf hY, AuhI awj cox crcf df kyˆdr ibMdUhY. bfkI lok cox crcf dy Gyry qoˆ bfhr hI hn.

bIqy idnIˆ Auwqr pRdyÈ dy dUr-drfzy dyielfikafˆ dy ipMzfˆ ivc GuMmdy smyˆ sfnUM aihsfshoieaf ik ienHfˆ Qfvfˆ qy cox crcf hI nhIˆ ho rhI.

keIafˆ nUM qfˆ ieh vI pqf nhIˆ hY ik ies ielfkyivc ikhVI isafsI pfrtI qoˆ kOx cox lV irhfhY. aijhy dUr-durfzy dy ielfikafˆ ivc AumIdvfrfˆdIafˆ KfmIafˆ, ÉUbIafˆ dI qfˆ Cwzo, AunHfˆ `coˆ keIafˆdy qfˆ nfˆ vI iËafdfqr lokfˆ qk nhIˆ puwjy hn. nfikqy koeI cox nfarf idKfeI idMdf hY, nf hI koeIpostr. lqfVy vrgfˆ dy lok afm qOr `qy cuwp hn.iËafdfqr lokfˆ nUM isafsI pfrtIafˆ dy mYnIPYstobfry vI jfxkfrI nhIˆ hY. cox dy vkq dUr-durfzydy ielfikafˆ ivc rihx vfly lqfVy hoey vrgfˆ ivclokqMqr dy pRsfr df mfiDam hOlI-hOlI sImqhuMdf jf irhf hY. jd qk dUr-durfzy dy smfijksmudfie dunIaf nfl juVn dI ÈkqI nhIˆ pRfpqkr skxgy, Audoˆ qk Auh cox muhfˆdry qoˆ vI dUrrihxgy. coxfˆ nUM asIˆ mhfAuqsv kihMdy hfˆ pries ivc jo Auqsv vflI Bfvnf pihlfˆ idKfeIidMdI sI, Auh hux GtdI jf rhI hY. pihlfˆ ipMzfîvc smUihk rUp ivc gIq gfAudIafˆ aOrqfˆ svyry-svyry votfˆ pfAux jf rhIafˆ huMdIafˆ sn. votfˆ vflyidn swcmuwc Auqsv vrgf mfhOl huMdf sI prhOlI-hOlI ieh ibrqI lop huMdI geI. ies `qy ÊOrkry ik iek pfsy lok Auqsv dIafˆ pRqIk coxfˆ `coˆgfieb huMdy jf rhy hn aqy dUjy pfsy asIˆ ies nUMmhfAuqsv kih rhy hfˆ. ieh icMqf dI gwl hY iklqfVy hoey vrgfˆ dI ies ivc ÈmUlIaq GtdI jfrhI hY. lokqMqr iek qrHfˆ jfgrUk jnqf dIlokÈfhI `qy itkI hoeI jn ivvsQf hY. lokqMqrisafsI qOr `qy ÊYr-jfgrUk jnqf nUM afpxyivkfs dI pRikiraf ivc isKfAuˆdf vI jfˆdf hY.lokqMqr jy isrÌ pVHy-ilKy, jfgrUk aqy isafsIqOr `qy smrwQfvfn smfijk smUhfˆ df hI qMqr hoky rih jfvygf qfˆ Aus dy zUMGy hox aqy pRsfirqhox dI pRikiraf ivc aiVwkf pvygf. lokqMqrjnqf nUM isafsI aqy jmhUrI kdrfˆ-kImqfˆ

isKfAux dI iekpfTÈflf vI hY. iekafdrÈ jnqMqr ivcsfrQk vfd-ivvfdaqy sMvfd ËrIey lokfˆdy numfieMidafˆ dI coxhuMdI hY. jfqI, Drmaqy inwjI ihwqfˆ nUM qrjIh, Dn dI ÈkqI afid dfshfrf lY ky jnqf dy ÌYsly nUM pRBfivq krnf iekqrHfˆ lokqMqr ivc ÊYr-jmhUrI kdrfˆ-kImqfˆ nUMcor drvfiËEˆ dfÉl krvfAuxf hY.

kihx nUM BfrqI lokqMqr zUMGf huMdf jfirhf hY pr dUjy pfsy ieh BfrqI lokfˆ dy iek ihwsynUM afpxy ivc Èfml krn dy bUhy ByVdf nËr afirhf hY. jy quhfzy ivc awj dI jmhUrI isafsqivc dfÉl hox dI qfkq nhIˆ hY qfˆ quhfzf arQfqquhfzy smfijk smUh nUM ies lokqMqr ivc koeIpuwCx vflf nhIˆ hY. dUjy pfsy jy lokqMqr mihËisafsI qOr `qy jfgrUk smUhfˆ df hI bx ky rihjfvygf qfˆ ÊYr-jfgrUk nfgirkfˆ aqy votrfˆ nUM kOxpuwCygf? Ëfihr hY ik lokqMqr isafsI iswiKaf dyxdI iek iswiKaf pRxflI dy rUp ivc Audoˆ sfzy kolasPl ho jfvygf.

jmhUrI kdrfˆ-kImqfˆ nUM iswKdy hoey hIasIˆ lokqMqr nUM ÈkqIÈflI bxf skdy hfˆ. iËafdfqoˆ iËafdf lokfˆ dI BfgIdfrI leI sfnUM lokqMqrdy sfry bUhy qy bfrIafˆ KuwlHIafˆ rwKxIafˆ hoxgIafˆ.kmËor, lfcfr sB ivc ies df pRvyÈ XkInI bxfAuxf hovygf. jnqf dI muwKDfrf dy ielfvflokqMqr ivc lqfVy smfijk vrgfˆ nUM hulfrf dyxfhovygf. Audoˆ jf ky BfrqI lokqMqr qyËI nfl ivkfsdy rfh `qy cwldf rih skdf hY. nhIˆ qfˆ Aus dIafˆjVHfˆ AuwKV jfxgIafˆ aqy Auh KVHy pfxI vfˆg sVfˆdmfrn lwgygf.

dyÈ dy mOsm ivBfg ny afAux vfly smyˆ c qfpmfnaOsq qoˆ iËafdf rihx dI ÈMkf Ëfhr kIqI hY.mOsm `c afeI iekdm qbdIlI aflmI qpÈ nfljuVy sMBfvI Éqirafˆ nUM ibafn kr rhI hY. 19vIˆsdI dy aMq `c AudXoigk kRfˆqI kfrn DrqI dyvfqfvrn aqy smuMdrI jIvn `c vDy qfpmfn nUMaflmI qpÈ df nfâ idwqf igaf sI. bIqy PrvrImhIny ivc keI idn sfzy sUby `c aqy nfl lwgdyielfikafˆ ivc peI bymOsmI brsfq ny jnjIvndI cfl nUM mwTf kIqf aqy iksfnfˆ Éfs kr ky aflUAuqpfdkfˆ dIafˆ muÈklfˆ `c aQfh vfDf kIqf sI.hux apRYl dy afÉrI hÌqy peI bymOsmI brsfq nykxk dI Ìsl df nuksfn kIqf hY. mOsm dy iesbdl rhy imËfj ny ivigafnkfˆ qy vfqfvrnpRymIafˆ dy nfl-nfl buwDIjIvIafˆ nUM icMqn krnleI mjbUr kIqf hY. PrvrI ivc hI sMgrUr iËlHydy ipMzfˆ aqy nfl lwgdy ielfky `c phfVI Kyqr dIqrË `qy brPbfrI dyKx nUM imlI sI. mOsm `cafeI ieh qbdIlI iekdm nhIˆ afeI sgoˆ lMby smyˆqoˆ vD rhy pRdUÈx aqy mnuwKI ÊlqIafˆ df nqIjfhY. ienHfˆ gunfhfˆ dI sËf smuwcI mnuwKqf cukfAuxleI mjbUr hY. vDdy pRdUÈx aqy kfrbnzfeIafksfeIz gYs dI vwD mfqrf ny aflmI qpÈdf Éqrf vDf idwqf hY. kfrbn zfeIafksfeIz gYs`c prfvYˆgxI ikrnfˆ nUM soKx dI smrwQf bhuqiËafdf huMdI hY ijs kfrn qfpmfn bhuq vD jfˆdfhY. ipRQvI aqy smuMdrfˆ dy qfpmfn c vfDf hovygf.iekwlf amrIkf hI ivÈv dy keI dyÈfˆ ijMnIkfrbn zfeIafksfeIz gYs Aupjf irhf hY ijs nyhrfgRih pRBfv nUM bhuq vDfieaf hY aqy mnuwKqfnUM aflmI qpÈ dI BwTI `c Joikaf hY.

vDdIafˆ ËihrIlIafˆ gYsfˆ aqy DUV nyDrqI nUM vDyry grm hox leI mjbUr kIqf hY. hrsfl qfpmfn lgpg 0[6 sYlsIas dI dr nflvD irhf hY. afAux vfly smyˆ `c DrqI df qfpmfnvD jfvygf. iesy kfrn glyÈIarfˆ df ipGlxfjfrI hY. ihmfilaf c siQq gMgoqrI glyÈIar dyipGlx dI dr hux qIh mItr pRqI sfl hY. smuMdrfˆ `c brÌ dy qoidafˆ df imlxf afm ijhIgwl ho geI hY. ies dy iswty vjoˆ smuMdrfˆ `c pfxIdf pwDr lgfqfr vD irhf hY ijs kfrn hVH,sunfmI afid Éqirafˆ qoˆ munkr nhIˆ hoieaf jf

skdf. huxy ijhy sfzy dyÈ dy keI sUibafˆ ivcafieaf PynI smuMdrI qUÌfn bdl rhy mOsm dfnqIjf hY.

mnuwK ny afpxy munfÌy aqy kuJ smyˆ dIÉuÈI ny sfirafˆ dy rfh ivc kMzy bIjy hn. pRdUiÈqho rhI afbo-hvf ny lokfˆ nUM qMdrusq rihx dIcuxOqI idwqI hY. ËihrIlIafˆ gYsfˆ kfrbnmonoafksfeIz, kfrbn zfeIafksfeIz afidvfqfvrn nUM dUiÈq kr rhIafˆ hn. aijhy ivcbwcy-bËurg aqy sfh-dmy dy mrIËfˆ dI hflqbhuq mfVI ho jfˆdI hY. qMdrusq lokfˆ nUM vI sfhlYx c bhuq muÈkl afAudI hY. awKfˆ aqy gly ivc

jlx dI smwisaf bhuq vD jfˆdI hY.vDdy hvf pRdUÈx dy mfVy pRBfv sfhmxy

afAuxy ÈurU ho gey hn ijvyˆ ik bymOsmI brsfq,qyËfbI vrKf afid. hvf ivc vDdI slPrzfeIafksfeIz, nfeItRojn afksfeIz, hfeIkloirk aYisz dy ËihrIly qwqfˆ ny qyËfbIvrKf nUM swdf idwqf hY. hux qk sB qoˆ vwD qyËfbIvrKf vYst vrjInIaf ivc hoeI hY ijs df pIaYwc1[5 sI. jrmnI, svIzn, romfnIaf aqy polYz ijhydyÈfˆ ivc pMjfh ÌIsdI kudrqI jMgl qyËfbI vrKfny nÈt kr idwqy hn. ies ny qfˆ qfj mhwl nUM vInhIˆ bÉiÈaf. Aus dI suMdrqf nUM dfg lwgxy ÈurUho gey hn.

sMn 1985 ivc pihlI vfr aMtfritkfivKy EËon ivc surfK (EËon dI Gxqf Gtxf)PfrmYn aYt al ivigafnI ny Koijaf sI. sMn1992 ivc ieh surfK qyeI imlIan skueyar

iklomItr sI qy 2002 ivc aTfeI imlIanskueyar iklomItr ho igaf sI. iek Cotf surfK1990 ivc AuwqrI pol `qy vI vyiKaf igaf. huxprfvYgxI ikrnfˆ df DrqI qy phuMcxf jfrI hY ijsdy gMBIr nqIjy sux ky lU-kMzy KVHy ho jfˆdy hn.ivigafnIafˆ ny icqfvnI idwqI hY ik afAux vflysmyˆ `c bhuq iËafdf lok cmVI dy kYˆsr aqy aMnHypx df iÈkfr hoxgy. prmfxU qjribafˆ qysurwiKaf dy sfËo-sfmfn ny vI pRdUÈx ivc vfDfkIqf hY. pulfV `c PYl rhy eI-kcry ny vI pRdUÈxnUM isKr `qy phuMcf idwqf hY.

bymOsmI grmI-srdI ny Ìslfˆ dy JfV`qy vI zUMGf asrpfieaf hY. ajoky smyˆdOrfn jd Ìslfˆ nUMsrdI dI loV huMdI hYqfˆ Audoˆ mOsm ivcgrmI huMdI hY. ipClysmyˆ dy mukfbly awjsrdI dy mOsm dfaMqrfl kfPI Gtigaf hY. ijs rÌqfrnfl aflmI qpÈ vDrhI hY Aus nUM dyK kyjfpdf hY ik srdI qfˆ

iblkul Éqm ho jfvygI. ies pUry vrqfry kfrnÌslI cwkr dy nfl jl cwkr vI gVbVf igaf hY.jl hI jIvn hY aqy ies qoˆ ibnfˆ iËMdgI dIklpnf nhIˆ kIqI jf skdI.

inrml afbo-hvf qMdrusq jIvn leImuwZlI loV hY. gurbfxI ivc aMikq hY, `pvxu gurUpfxI ipqf mfqf Driq mhqu.` (Bfv, pfxI sBjIvfˆ df ipqf hY aqy DrqI sB dI vwzI mfˆ hY).jl kudrq df sfnUM idwqf hoieaf anmol srmfieaf hY. pfxI hI bnspqI aqy jIvfˆ dIafDfriÈlf hY qy ies dI ÊYr-mOjUdgI jIvfˆ leIsMkt ho inwbVdI hY. 78 ÌIsdI pfxI smuMdr df hYjdik ËmIndoË pfxI 2 ÌIsdI hY jo afDuink ivDIafˆ nfl ËmIn `co pRfpq kIqf jfˆdf hY. ËmInhyTly pfxI df izwgdf pwDr aqy jl soimafˆ `coˆpfxI dI Gt rhI imkdfr ny dyÈ ivc soky df sMktpYdf kIqf hY. ipCly kuJ smyˆ dOrfn dyÈ dy jl

soimafˆ ivc 23ÌIsdI pfxI dI igrfvt afeI hY joBivwK leI cMgy sMkyqnhIˆ hn. bdldymOsm df imËfj aqyafbfdI dy boJ nyDrqI hyTly pfxI nUMZfh lgfeI hY. AudXogfˆ,KyqIbfVI aqy GrylU loVfˆleI pfxI dI aMnHyvfh vrqoˆ ny dunIaf leI pfxIdI QuVH df sMkt pYdf kIqf hY. ies leI lokfeIpIx vfly sfÌ pfxI qoˆ vI vMicq ho rhI hY.

sfzy dyÈ dI iek-cOQfeI afbfdI Bfv33 kroV lok soky dI mfr hyTfˆ hn. sfl 2016ivc dyÈ dy 256 iËlHy soky qoˆ burI qrHfˆ pIVq sn.mOnsUn dI byXkInI aqy qpÈ ny soky dI siQqIhor vI gMBIr bxf idwqI sI.

dyÈ dy 12 sUby soky nfl jUJx leImjbUr sn ijnHfˆ ivc Auwqr pRdyÈ dy 75 iËilHafˆ`coˆ 50 iËlHy, EzIÈf dy 30 `coˆ 27, afˆDrf pRdyÈdy 13 `coˆ 10, krnftk dy 30 `coˆ 27, CwqIsgVHdy 27 `coˆ 25, JfrKMz dy 24 `coˆ 22, qylMgfnf dy10 `coˆ 7, mwD pRdyÈ dy 51 `coˆ 46, mhfrfÈtr dy36 `coˆ 21 aqy rfjsQfn dy 33 `coˆ 19 iËlHy pfxIdy gMBIr sMkt `c sn. dyÈ dy mhfrfÈtr sUby ivcmrfTvfVf burI qrHfˆ pRBfivq sI aqy lok bUMd-bUMdpfxI leI qrs rhy sn. pfxI dI rfKI krdy lokfˆdIafˆ qsvIrfˆ soÈl mIzIaf `qy nÈr hoeIafˆ sn.AunHfˆ nUM dyK ky lwgdf sI ik jy mOkf sMBfilaf huMdfqfˆ Èfied ieh nObq nf hI afAuˆdI. ijs ihsfbnfl ajoky hflfq AuwBr rhy hn, AunHfˆ dy mwdynËrBivwK `c hor vI gMBIr siQqI hox qoˆ ienkfr nhIˆkIqf jf skdf.

ies qoˆ pihlfˆ ik dyr ho jfvy, aflmIqpÈ dy vDdy vrqfry nUM rokx leI svfrQI ihwqfˆnUM iqafg dyxf cfhIdf hY. lokfeI nUM ies nfl juVysMBfvI Éqirafˆ nUM hux qfˆ Bfˆp lYxf cfhIdf hY ikkudrq nfl kIqI CyVCfV iks kdr mihMgI pYskdI hY. kudrq hr roË icqfvnI `qy icqfvnI dyrhI hY pr mnuwK Aus nUM axgOilaf kr irhf hY.ieho lfprvfhI Aus nUM ivnfÈ vwl lY ky jf rhI hY.

ÊYr-jmhUrI kdrfˆ-kImqfˆ dI sMnHmfrI

vD irhf pRdUÈx icMqf qy icMqn df ivÈf

gurqyj isMG

bdrI nfrfiex


kOmI pwDr Auqy BfrqI jnqf pfrtI aqy pMjfb ivckfˆgrs dy cox pRcfr ivc ijhVI gwl sfˆJI hY, Auhieh hY ik dovyˆ hI pfrtIafˆ AunHfˆ muwidafˆ nUM afDfrbxf ky votfˆ mMg rhIafˆ hn ijnHfˆ df afm lokfˆnfl koeI lYxf-dyxf nhIˆ. dohfˆ pfrtIafˆ dy coxpRcfr ivc smfj BlfeI, smfijk inafˆ aqy kuÈlqy kilafxkfrI rfj pRbMD dyx vrgy lok muwidafˆdf koeI bhuqf iËkr nhIˆ ho irhf. dovyˆ iDrfˆ lokfˆnfl Dfrimk rMgq vfly rfjsI muwidafˆ rfhIˆ gwlkr rhIafˆ hn.

sfDvI pRwigaf Tfkur Bfjpf dy ihMdUqveyjMzy aqy lokfˆ nUM iÌrkU afDfr Auqy vMz kyisafsI lfhf lYxf df nvfˆ ichrf hY. ihMdUqv dyKfVkU ichry dI pRqIk sfDvI pRwigaf Tfkur keIsflfˆ qoˆ sfhmxy af irhf Auh vrqfrf hY ijs qoˆBfrqI jnqf pfrtI ivcfrDfrk pRyrnf lYˆdI hY.koeI iqMn dhfky pihlfˆ rfjsI sIn Auqy AuBrIafˆsfDvI irqMbrf aqy Aumf BfrqI vI iesy vrqfrynUM AuBfrn dI ivAuˆqbMdI df ihwsf sn. pRwigafTfkur df iek-iek Èbd mulk nUM iPrkU afDfrAuqy doPfV krn dy mksd nfl pUrI soc ivcfrnfl GiVaf qy pRcfiraf jf irhf hY. AuDr, kfˆgrs pfrtI pMjfb aMdr, 2015 ivc pRkfÈisMG bfdl dy muwK mMqrI aqy suKbIr isMG bfdldy Aup muwK mMqrI huMidafˆ sUby ivc sRI gurU gRMQsfihb dI pfvn bIV corI kr ky byadbI krndIafˆ Gtnfvfˆ df muwdf AuTf rhI hY.

mulk nUM iPrkU afDfr Auqy vMzx dfAuBr irhf ieh vrqfrf ies gwl df sbUq hY ikkfˆgrs afpxy dhfikafˆ dy rfj ivc Drm inrpwKqf dIafˆ jVHfˆ mËbUq krn ivc asPlrhI hY. Auˆj, qwQ ieh vI hY ik ihMdUqv vrqfrf

bfbrI msijd dI Qfˆ mMdr bxfAux dy rOly-rwpydOrfn vwzI vMgfr bx ky AuBiraf. ieh vI ikhfjfˆdf irhf hY ik kfˆgrs vI Drm inrpwK hox dfisrÌ idKfvf hI krdI hY. ies pRsMg ivc ieh vIjfxnf Xog hovygf ik iswK Dfrimk-isafsIhlikafˆ ivc ieh Bfvnf pRcMz rhI hY ik kfˆgrs vI ihMdU pfrtI hI hY. Ìrk ieh hY ik ihMdUkwtVvfd nUMpRnfeI BfrqIjnqf pfrtIdf afDfr hIi h M d U q v Ii v c f r D f r fhY. idlcspgwl ieh hYik iswKmfmilafˆ dfbulfrf hox dfdfavf krnvfly ÈRomxIakflI dldI iesk w t V v f d IihMdU pfrtI nfl isafsI sfˆJ iBaflI hY. pMjfb dIvot isafsq nUM ies pRsMg ivc smJx dI loV hY.

sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb dI byadbI dIafˆGtnfvfˆ nUM afDfr bxf ky kfˆgrs pfrtI afpxfiswK eyjMzf awgy vDf rhI hY. muwK mMqrI kYptnamirMdr isMG ipCly do idnfˆ dOrfn iesy muwdy nUMhI afpxy cox pRcfr df kyˆdr ibMdU bxf rhy hn.jsits rxjIq isMG kimÈn dI irport afAux

mgroˆ ieh nfËuk mfmlf pMjfb dI Dfrimk-isafsI iPËf ivc bVy Ëor nfl AuBiraf hY. ienHfˆmsilafˆ dI jfˆc leI pihlfˆ jsits Ëorf isMGkimÈn bfdl srkfr ny bxfieaf sI ijs dI irport rwdI dI tokrI ivc suwt idwqI geI sI.jsits Ëorf isMG nUM afpxI irport dyx leIskwqryq dy vrfˆzy ivc AuzIkxf ipaf sI aqy

a f i É rA u ha f p x Ii r p o r tiksy jU-n I a rk r m -cfrI nUMsOˆp kyvfps afgey sn.ieh iesk m i È ndI ir-port hIsI ijs

ny bfdlfˆ nUM ksUqI hflq ivc Psf idwqf. kfˆgrspfrtI ienHfˆ dohfˆ kimÈnfˆ nUM afDfr bxf ky bfdlfÂuqy qfbV-qoV hmly kr rhI hY.

ies mfmly dI jfˆc kr rhI pMjfbpuils dI ivÈys jfˆc tIm dy nfmvr mYˆbr afeIjIkuMvr ivjy pRqfp isMG dI bdlI krvf ky bfdlfˆny Kud hI ieh muwdf iek vfrI iPr AuBfr idwqf hY.cox pRcfr dOrfn akflI nyqfvfˆ aqy AumIdvfrfˆ nUMies mfmly df syk lwgx lwg ipaf hY. ies

ipCokV ivc pMjfbivc pihlIafˆ coxfˆvfˆg ies cox dynqIjy isrP aMkVyhI nhIˆ hoxgyblik ies srhwdIsUby dI BivwK dIisafsq df ruÉ vIqYa krngy.

b f d lpirvfr ny suKbIrisMG bfdl aqyhrismrq kOrbfdl nUM cox aKfVy ivc Auqfr ky ÈqrMjI cflcwlI hY. hrismrq ies vfrI iPr biTMzf hlky qoÂumIdvfr hY ijQy byadbI dIafˆ Gtnfvfˆ df gihrfasr hY pr nfl hI zyrf swcf sOdf dy pYrokfrfˆdIafˆ votfˆ vI sB qoˆ vwD iesy hlky ivc hn. ienHfˆdy kuJ mYˆbrfˆ nUM puils ny byadbI Gtnfvfˆ df doÈInfmËd kr ky igRPqfr vI kIqf. hirafxf dIBfjpf srkfr ny rohqk jylH ivc bMd zyrf muKIgurmIq rfm rhIm dI puwCigwC krn dI iejfËqnhIˆ idwqI. zyry ny ienHfˆ coxfˆ ivc pMjfb aMdrafpxf srgrm rol inBfAux leI afpxy pYrokfrfˆdI srgrmI vDf idwqI hY.

sRI gurU gRMQ sfihb dI byadbI dIafˆGtnfvfˆ dIafˆ jVHfˆ vot isafsq ivc hn. BivKies ny Aus vyly inMmxf ÈurU kr idwqf sI jdoˆ coxhlikafˆ dI muV hwdbMdI ivc PrIdkot irËrvhox kfrn bfdlfˆ ny biTMzf hlky nUM afpxI krmBUmI bxf ilaf sI. ies qoˆ pihlfˆ 2007 ivc zyrf

(bfkI sPf 22 ‘qy)

“srdfrf! cfrDIafˆ df qUM bfp,nf jmIn, nfjfiedfd-qUM ikaflYxf sI `zYlIgyt`bx ky? ieh qfîvhly amIrfˆ dykMm aY, ieh sfnUM nhIˆ puwgxy.”

ieh sn, sMn 1967-68 ivc sfzI mfˆvloˆ BfeIaf jI nUM idwqI ìcqfvnI` dy bol, jo Ausny Audoˆ khy sn, jdoˆ sfzy ipqf jI ÈRomxI akflIdl dy nvfˆ Èihr qihsIl qoˆ `zYlIgyt` cuxy geysn qy Auh pfrtI pRDfn dI cox ivc afpxI votpfAux vfsqy aMimRqsr jfx leI iqafr ho rhysn. suBfa pwKoˆ pUry isMG BfeIaf jI sfzI mfˆ nUMaxsuixaf krky vot pfAux vI cly gey aqy afpxyafKrI sfh qwk akflI dl dI sQfnk isafsqivc bxdf-srdf rol vI inBfAuˆdy rhy.

guVHqI `c imlI hoeI àkflIaq` sdkfmYˆ vI ipqf jI dIafˆ pYVfˆ mwl leIafˆ. akflI dldy sQfnk pwDr dy jlsy, jlUsfˆ, Drny afid ivcÈmUlIaq kridafˆ kfnPrMsfˆ df styj sYktrI vIbxn lwgf. Audoˆ àkflI piqRkf` aqy `kOmI drd`myrIafˆ mn psMd aKbfrfˆ sn. sfzy lfgly ipMzmjfrf klfˆ qoˆ myrf isrnfvIafˆ jQydfr qrlocnisMG Audoˆ pihlI vfr ÈRomxI kmytI mYˆbr cuixafigaf sI. Aus vyly dIafˆ Xfdfˆ qfˆ DuMdlIafˆ ijhIafˆny, pr sMn 1979 vflI ÈRomxI kmytI dI cox vylymYˆ ipMz-ipMz GuMm ky votfˆ bxfeIafˆ sn.

ies qoˆ 16-17 sfl bfad sMn 1996ivc jdoˆ ÈRomxI kmytI coxfˆ df muV ibgl vwjf, qdsfzy nvfˆ Èihr ijly dI akflI isafsq ivc kuJaijhy hflfq bxy ik mrhUm aYm[ aYÜ ey[ jiqMdrisMG krIhf ny mYnUM AumIdvfr vjoˆ pyÈ kIqf. gorfieaf lfgy gurduafrf sMg ZysIafˆ ivKy Ausvyly dy sInIar afgUafˆ ny ÈRomxI kmytI leI AumIdvfrI df dfavf krn vfilafˆ nfl ieMtrivAUkIqI. surjIq isMG brnflf, jgdyv isMG qlvMzI,suKdyv isMG ZIˆzsf, pRkfÈ isMG bfdl aqy gurcrn isMG tOhVf 'qy afDfrq pYnl ivco bjurgbfdl ny qfˆ mYnUM nfˆh kr idwqI, aKy, `qusIˆ kdyjylH nhIˆ gey` pr jQydfr tOhVf ny gwl hfsy ivc

pfAuîdafˆ mYnUM iqafrI krn` leI QfpVf dy idwqf.moZy `qy QfpI mfridafˆ tOhVf sfihb ny ikhf sI,“iehnUM jylH ikqy Pyr Byj idafˆgy, itkt dy idAu`muMzy` nUM.”

sMn 1996 ivc mYˆbr ÈRomxI kmytI bxky Èfied mYˆ dUjI ku vfr ÈRomxI kmytI dy dPqrigaf. irkÈy qoˆ Auqr ky mYˆ iekwlf qyjf isMG smuMdrI hfl mohry quiraf jf irhf sfˆ. ÈRomxIkmytI ivc bqOr mYnyjr kMm krdy È BftIaf, jomyry purfxy vfkP sn, mYnUM dyK ky myry kol af kykihMdy, “jQydfr jI, iekwly hI qury af rhy ho?”

“hor Blf myry nfl POjfˆ hoxIafˆ sn?”myrf jvfb sux ky Auh prdy nfl gwl krn vfˆgmyry kMn kol mUMh krky boly, “hfly qfˆ amn cYnhI af, ijs idn aih dovyˆ buVHy (bfdl qy tOhVf)afps ivc lV pey, iPr dyiKE quhfnUM aMimRqsrnUM ikvyˆ ìlafˆdf jfieaf` krygf.”

AuhI gwl hoeI. bs 1997 vflf sfl hIsuwK-sbIlI nfl lMiGaf. 1998 ivc scmuwc dohfˆbuiVHafˆ` dI lVfeI ÈurU ho geI, jo 1999 ivcisKr `qy phuMc geI. jQydfr tOhVf ny vwKrf dlbxf ilaf. Dfrimk ibrqI hox krky myrf bhuqfJukfa qfˆ tOhVf DVy nfl hI sI, pr ijnHfˆ ijlfpwDrI akflI afgUafˆ ny mdd krky mYnUM itktidvfeI sI qy cox ijqfeI sI, Auh sfry bfdl dlnfl hox krky mYˆ nf cfhuMidafˆ vI bfdl dl ivcitikaf irhf. qknIkI pwKoˆ Bfvyˆ mYˆ bfdl dlIafhI sfˆ, pr aksr ibafnbfËI `tOhVf sur` vflIhI krdf rihMdf, ijs krky mYnUM bfdl dl dydPqroˆ `kfrn dwso` noits vI imly aqy iek-dovfr vwzy bfdl ny myl-mulfkfqfˆ dOrfn mYnUM ‘qfiVaf` vI, aKy, “kfkf jI, ibafnbfËI nfkiraf kro.”

sMn 1999 ivc afpxy rfh df roVf smJky bfdl vloˆ akfl qKq sfihb dI jQydfrI qoˆlfhy gey BfeI rxjIq isMG nfl AunHIˆ idnIˆ bVIidlcsp mulfkfq hoeI. Zfhfˆ klyrfˆ hspqfl ivcAuh kdy-kdfeIˆ afAuˆdy jfˆdy sI, ijwQy mYˆ rojI-rotIleI nOkrI krdf sfˆ. iek vfr Aus adfry dy bfnIpRDfn mrhUm buwD isMG Zfhfˆ ny BfeI rxjIq isMGkol myrIafˆ bVIafˆ isPqfˆ kIqIafˆ. isPqfˆ sux kyBfeI sfihb myry ichry vwl dyKdy rhy aqy gwlmuwkx qy bVI bybfkI nfl kihMdy, “kI krnf ienHfˆ

dI vDIaf lyKxI nUM aqy cMgy bulfry hox nUM, hYgyqfˆ ieh bfdl dl dI gfˆ hI nf?”

bfdl dl dI gfˆ nf bxy hox dy sbUqvjoˆ mYˆ keI imsflfˆ idwqIafˆ, pr mYnUM Xfd hY, AunHfˆdI qswlI nhIˆ sI hoeI.

KYr! ilKq smytidafˆ ivÈy vwl afAuˆdfhfˆ. sMn 2002 ivc kYptn amirMdr isMG dy muwKmMqrI bxidafˆ ÈRomxI kmytI dy pRDfn aqy dUjyahudydfrfˆ dI sflfnf cox af geI qfˆ bfdl dlny sfnUM srkfrI pRBfv qoˆ bcfAux ihq pihlfˆ nfzfsfihb, qy iPr bflfsr lY afˆdf. bflfsr dy iekvfVy ivc rwKy hoey pfiksqfnI ByzUafˆ kol iek rfqibqf ky mYˆ aqy myry do hr sfQI BfeI bzUMgr dIsUmo `c bih ky hirafxf dy cOtfilafˆ dy PfrmhfAUs cly gey. isrP tOhVf sfihb nUM vot Bugqxdy zroˆ ieQy mYˆbrfˆ dI `hr qrHfˆ dI syvf` dyK kymyrf idl Aucft ho igaf. kI ÈRomxI kmytI mYˆbrfˆdI afpxI koeI soc, ËmIr hY nhIˆ? ienHfˆ nUM loB,lflc dy ky afpxf DVf pflxf, ieh ikDrlf`pMQk kfrj` hoieaf?

akqUbr 2002 ivc ijs idn sOdf sfDdy cftiVafˆ ny pwqrkfr rfmcMdr CqrpqI dy golIafˆ mfrIafˆ, Aus qoˆ dUjy idn mYˆ cOtflf PfrmhfAUs qoˆ awDI rfq qoˆ bfad bgfvq krky zwbvflI QfxIˆ huMdf afpxy ipMz phuMc igaf. bfdlKymy `coˆ afAux dI Kbr sux ky tOhVf DVy vfilafˆdIafˆ vfCfˆ iKV geIafˆ. iek idn suvKqy hI pRymisMG cMdUmfjrf myry Gr vDfeI dyx af phuMcy.kihMdy, “qusIˆ qfˆ jI mlk Bfgo df iqafg krkymhfn pMQpRsqI dI imsfl kfiem kr idwqI aY.”

AuDroˆ bfdl sfihb vloˆ muV `GrvfpsI` leI mihMgIafˆ qoˆ mihMgIafˆ pyÈkÈfˆ dy Ponaqy ieDroˆ tOhVf DVy dIafˆ vDfeIafˆ dy Pon idnrfq KVkx lwgy.

muwK mMqrI kYptn sfihb ny vI nvfˆÈihr dy aYÈ aYÈ pI[ rfhIˆ mYnUM imlx leI ‘srkfrI sunyhf` Byijaf, pr mYˆ bfdl dl qoîqafg nUM afpxI ËmIr df PYslf bxfeI rwKx leIienkfr kr idwqf. jy mYˆ huwb ky clf jfˆdf qfˆ myry`qy vI `ÈwkI` jfˆ `KrIidaf hoieaf` df lybl lwgjfxf sI. iesy dOrfn tOhVf DVy ny luiDafxy iekgurduafry ivc smfgm krky mYnUM Èfndfr momYˆtody ky snmfinq kIqf, ijs dI pRÈMsfmeI iebfrq

ivc iliKaf hoieaf sI ik mYˆ qfjdfrfˆ nUM Cwz kyBfeI lflo dI ivcfrDfrf df sfQ dy ky àslakflI` hox df sbUq idwqf hY; qy jdoˆ kuJ arsybfad tOhVf sfbH ny bfdl sfbH pfsoˆ pIlf isropfEgl `c puaf ky pIlf hI lwzU Kf ilaf qfˆ mYˆ bVyihrK nfl AuhI, luiDafxy vflf momYto cuwk ky tOhVfsfihb nUM puwCx igaf ik jQydfr jI! iehdf huxmYˆ kI krfˆ? iksy KUh Kfqy suwt idafˆ jfˆ iPr GrymUDf mfr idafˆ? ies mOky jo vfrqflfp hoieaf sI,Auhdy bfry mYˆ Audoˆ aKbfrI lyK ivc idl df guwsfkwiZaf sI. `lMG geI rfq qy muwk geI bfq` vfˆgcVHdy sMn 2004 ivc myrI ÈRomxI kmytI mYˆbrIKqm ho geI aqy amrIkf rihMdI vwzI BYx vwloˆkIqI hoeI `blwz irlyÈn` vflI ptIÈn inklafeI qy mYˆ pirvfr smyq afpxI àkflIaq` nUMnfl lY ky amrIkf af igaf.

ijs dl nUM mYˆ 2002 ivc hI burf smJky Cwz idwqf, Aus ny 2019 qk phuMcidafˆ aYsfieiqhfs isrj ilaf hY ik Aus nUM pMQk smJxfjfˆ kihxf Gor ainafˆ hovygf. iek smyˆ iswK buwDIjIvI ikhf krdy sn ik Bfjpf iswKfˆ leIajgr hY qy kfˆgrs PnIar swp.

Ërf soco, bfdl dl dy ds sflf rfjdOrfn gurU gRMQ sfihb dI byadbI hoeI, byadbIivruD ÈfˆqmeI ros krdI sMgq Auqy golIafˆclfAux nfl do isMG ÈhId hoey. byadbIafˆ dygunfhgfr sOdf pRymIafˆ dy gurU-GMtfl rfm rhImnUM muafPI idvfAux, iPr muafPInfmy vfps lYxleI bfdl dl ny akfl qKq sfihb dI hfso-hIxI krvfeI `qy gurU kI golk lutfeI. iehsfry kfry dyK ky bfdl dl nUM àkflI dl` kihxfkI vfjb hY?

byadbI qy golI kfˆz ivruD ros vjoˆ2015 ivc bfdl dl qoˆ iknfrf kr gey kuJÈRomxI kmytI mYˆbrfˆ vloˆ hux BKy cox mfhOl ivcbfdl dl ivc `Gr vfpsI` dIafˆ mnhUs Kbrfˆdy hvfly nfl myry pMjfb rihMdy imwqr ny puwiCaf,“qusIˆ nhIˆ krnI Gr vfpsI?”

myrf jvfb sI, “iblkul krnI hY jI!pr Audoˆ krfˆgf, jdoˆ ieh bfdl dl iksy mOky`ÈRomxI akflI dl` bixaf. jy ijAuˆdy jIa aijhfnf ho sikaf qfˆ ies àkflI` dI akfl purK dyGr dr leI `Gr vfpsI` hovygI.”

pMjfb ivc kI sunyhf dyxgy lok sBf coxfˆ dy nqIjy?

mYˆ vI krnI af ‘Gr vfpsI`

jgqfr isMG

qrlocn isMG dupflpur


mwCr qoˆ mlyrIaf: ikvyˆ bcIey

grmIafˆ `c pIE vwD qoN vwD pfxI

mlyrIaf grmIafˆ ivc hox vflI aijhf rog hY ijs dfielfj jy smyˆ isr nf kIqf jfvy qfˆ ieh Éqrnfk ho skdfhY. mlyrIaf TMZ qy isr drd, muV muV buKfr hox vflfrog hY ijs ivc buKfr kdy Auwqr jfˆdf hY, kdy cVH jfˆdfhY. iËafdf gMBIr hflfq ivc ieh mOq df kfrn vI bxskdf hY. mlyrIaf plfsmozIam dy qOr `qy jfxy jfˆdyprjIvI kfrn huMdf hY. ieh mfdf aYnoPlIj nfmI mwCrdy zMgx krky huMdf hY. hr sfl 25 aprYl nUM sMsfrmlyrIaf (rokU) idvs mnfieaf jfˆdf hY.

Bfrq ivc mlyrIaf sfl ivc iksy vI smyˆ hoskdf hY pr grmIafˆ aqybrsfqI idnfˆ dyivc iËafdfPYldf hY. brsfqdy idnfˆ ivcmwCrfˆ dI igxqIvD jfˆdI hY.srvyKx anusfr,dwKx pUrbIeyÈIaf ivcmlyrIaf dy kuwlkysfˆ dI igxqIivc Bfrq dfihwsf 77 PIsd dykrIb hY. iehi Ë a f d f q rr f j s Q f n , krnftk, AuVIsf, JfrKMz, AuqrfKMz, gujrfq, goaf qymwD pRdyÈ ivc bfkI sUibafˆ dy mukfbly iËafdf huMdf hY.

lwCx: jdoˆ iksy ÈÉs nUM aYnoPlIË mwCr kwtdfhY qfˆ ieh kwtx dy swq idn qwk vI ivkfs kr skdf hY.ies sUrq ivc jdoˆ koeI ÈÉs ies dy asr hyT afAuˆdfhY qfˆ afm lwCxfˆ ivc buKfr, isr drd, AultI, cfr qoâwT GMty dy cwkr nfl buKfr df cVHnf qy Auqrnf, Qkfvt,srIr drd afid smwisaf af skdI hY. jy smyˆ isr ienHfˆlwCxfˆ dI ÈnfÉq krky mlyrIey dI puÈtI nf kIqI jfvyqfˆ ieh iksy vI mrIË dy leI Kqrf bx skdy hn.

kfrn: mlyrIey vflf prjIvI plfsmozIamjIns nfl sMbMiDq hY jo pI PflsIpyrm, pI mlyrI, pIEvyl, pI vYvfks hY jo Kfs iksm dy mfdf mwCr aYnoPlIËdy kwtx krky huMdf hY jfˆ iPr mlyrIaf qoˆ pRBfivq ÈÉsnUM kwt ky iksy dUsry ÈÉs nUM kwtx vfly afm mwCr nflvI ho skdf hY.

mwCr ikvyˆ ibmfr krdf hY: Auˆj qfˆ ieh mwCrsvyr qoˆ Èfm qwk kwtdf hY pr rfq nUM ies dy kwtx dIafˆsMBfvnfvfˆ iËafdf hn. mfdf mwCr dy kwtx nfl mwCr dyslfeIvf qoˆ arD-pRoV pYrfsfeIt mwCr srIr dy ivÈyÈihwsy ijs nUM pRboiss ikhf jfˆdf hY, rfhIˆ mnuwK dIafˆ

inwkIafˆ nfVIafˆ (sMcfr isstm) ivc jfˆdf hY. ieh prjIvI KUn ivcoˆ huMdf hoieaf ijgr sYwl ivc phuMc kypRoV qy punrgiTq huMdf hY. mnuwK dy KUn dy sYwlfˆ `qy hmlfkrn qoˆ pihlf ieh lfg ijgr ivc PYldf hY ijwQoˆ keIguxf ho ky KUn ivc iml jfˆdf hY. iPr kuJ ivÈyÈ smyˆ `qylfg vfly KUn ivc ivÈyÈ hflq pYdf huMdI hY. afm qOr`qy lfg vfly KUn ivc hr 48 qoˆ 72 GMitafˆ ivckfr iehivÈyÈ hflq bxdI hY. jdoˆ vI aijhf huMdf hY qfˆ mnuwK nUMbuKfr, psInf, isrdrd jfˆ AultI ho skdI hY.

bcfa leI jfˆc: jy iksy mnuwK nUM AuprokqlwCx hox qfˆmlyrIaf dIpuÈtI leIi e i m A U n o k R o m t o g R f i P ktYst huMdf hY.ies nUM mlyrIafrYipz zfieg-nositk tYstvI ikhf jfˆdfhY. mnuwK dIAuˆgl qoˆ KUn dfqupkf lY kyslfeIz iqafrkIqI jfˆdI hY.ieh slfeIzishq ivBfgvwloˆ qfienfq

mltIprpË hYlQ vrkr (myl) afpxy ielfky ivc GrGr jf ky vI iqafr krdy hn aqy ishq ivBfg dy hrkyˆdr `qy jf ky vI bxvfeI jf skdI hY. KUn dI jfˆc qoˆ hIpqf lwgdf hY ik Aus nUM vfievYks jfˆ PflsIprm mlyrIaf hY.

bcfa: grmIafˆ dy mOsm ivc KVHy pfxI vwlpUrf iDafn rwKo ikAuîk mlyrIaf PYlfAux vflf mwCr KVHypfxI qoˆ hI PYldf hY. ijwQy vI pfxI vfDU KVHf hY, Aus nflqurMq nijwTo. pfxI dI PflqU storyj qoˆ bco. hPqfvfrIsPfeI ËrUr kro. tUtIafˆ, tYˆkIafˆ dy Qwly pfxI nf KVHnidE aqy aijhI Qfˆ nUM rgV ky sPfeI kro. CwpVfˆ ivcgMmbUjIaf (gMmbUsIaf) mwCIafˆ Cwzo, ieh mwCIafˆ mwCrfˆdy lfrvy Kf jfˆdIafˆ hn. mwCrdfnI dI vrqo kro. grmIafîvc sfrf srIr Zk ky rwKx vfly kwpVy pihno. mwCr BjfAux vfly qyl, krIm vrqo. kItnfÈk sprya kro.Grfˆ ivc jflI dI vrqoˆ kro. afly duafly nflIafˆ ivckfly jfˆ imwtI dy qyl dI sprya kro. smUihk bcfa leIpMcfieqfˆ, smfj syvI klwb qy hor sMsQfvfˆ POigMg krvfskdIafˆ hn. mlyrIaf aijhf rog hY ijs qoˆ sfvDfnI rwKky bicaf jf skdf hY.

- rfjyÈ irKI

pMjfb `c ienHIˆ idnIˆ grmI kfÌI vwD geI hY qyienHfˆ mhIinafˆ dOrfn lU vI vgx lgdI hY. sÉqgrmIˆ ivc iËafdf imhnq krn nfl jfˆ sfzI QoVHIijhI lfprvfhI nfl hIt irlyitz ielnYws BfvgrmI dI Qkfvt jfˆ lU df iÈkfr (hIt strok)hox dIafˆ Gtnfvfˆ aksr vfprdIafˆ hn. aijhygMBIr hflq dOrfn jy pIVq nUM shI smyˆ `qy Psteyz jfˆ zfktrI shfieqf nf imly qfˆ grmI jfˆ lUdf pRBfv jfnlyvf ho skdf hY.

iensfnI srIr Aupr jd grmI dfpRBfv pYˆdf hY qfˆ vwK-vwK pRqIikirafvfˆ huMdIafˆhn. srIrk qfpmfn vDx krky ivakqI ivciqMn iksmfˆ dy muwK rog pYdf ho skdy hn-grmIdI Qkfvt (inZfl qy byhoÈ hoxf), hIt krYˆps(pwiTafˆ c kuVwl pYxf) qy srIr df qfpmfn bhuqiËafdf vD jfxf, ijs nUM `hIt strok` vI ikhfjfˆdf hY aqy ieh sB qoˆ Gfqk aqy pIVq aMdrsMktkflIn icMqfjnk avsQf bxf idMdf hY.

alfmqfˆgrmI qoˆ bcx leÎ jy asIˆ QoVHI ijhI

sfvDfnI vrqIey qfˆ kfÌI hwd qk lU dy pRkop qoˆbicaf jf skdf hY. grmI ivc dby Guwty vfqfvrn`c lgfqfr srIrk kMm krdy rihx nfl grmInfl hMB ky iËafdf Qkyvfˆ ho skdf hY. iËafdfpsInf afAux kfrn srIr `c nmk, pfxI aqyqyËfb dI Gft ho jfˆdI hY. ivakqI bhuq Qwikaf-Qwikaf mihsUs krdf hY. ipafs lwgxf,isrdrd, bycYnI, icVicVfpx afm alfmqfˆ hn.rogI df srIr TMZf, pIlf aqy icpicpf ho jfˆdfhY. kuJ lokfˆ Qkfvt nfl byhoÈ vI ho jfˆdy hn.ies hflq nUM hIt aYgËrÈn Bfv grmI dIQkfvt ikhf jfˆdf hY.

kudrqI qOr qy mnuwKI srIr df sfDfrnqfpmfn 37 izgrI sYˆtIgRyz jfˆ 98[4 izgrIPrnhIt `rihMdf hY. hIt strok dI hflq ivcivakqI df srIrk qfpmfn vD ky 41 izgrI

sYˆtIgRyz jfˆ iekdm 106 izgrIPfrnhIt qwk ho skdf hY. psInfafAuxf bMd ho jfˆdf hY. isrdrd,cwkr afAuxy, gÈI pYxI, sfh ikiraf zUMGI, pIVq dI cmVIÉuÈk aqy grm huMdI hY, bolxaqy qurn qoˆ asmrQ ho skdf hY,ichry df rMg lfl ho jfˆdf hY,nbË aqy sfh bhuq qyË cwlxlwgdy hn. jy vyly isr ielfj nfho sky qfˆ ivakqI byhoÈI `c jfskdf hY jfˆ bryn hYmryË vrgIsiQqI AuprMq mOq vI ho skdI hY.hIt strok bhuqI grmI c Duwpy iPrn jfˆ iËafdfsrIrk kMm krn, buZfpf, ÈrfbI hflq, idl qyPyPiVafˆ dy rogIafˆ `c iËafdf huMdf hY.

grm vfqfvrn `c BfrI ksrq jfˆsrIrk kMm krn nfl psIny rfhIˆ bhuqI mfqrf

ivc lUx Kfrj hox krky pwiTafˆ aqy Éfskr lwqfˆqy pyt dy pwiTafˆ c duwKdfeI kuVwl pYx lgdy hn.grmI qoˆ pYdf hoey ienHfˆ kuVwlfˆ nUM Audoˆ afrfmafAuˆdf hY, jdoˆ srIr ivcoˆ inkl cuwky lUx dI GftpUrf ho jfvy.

lU lwgx `qy Pst eyzlU lwgx dI hflq `c mrIË nUM qurMq Psteyz qy zfktrI shfieqf imlxI ËrUrI hY,nhIˆ qfˆ hflq gMBIr ho skdI hY. qurMqjoÈ BrpUr asrdfr Auprfly kr ky rogIdI jfn bcfeI jf skdI hY. ies dOrfnpIVq nUM TMZy vfqfvrn `c lY jfE aqyiltfE. iDafn rwKo ik isr vflf pfsfsrIr nfloˆ Auwcf rhy. jy pIVq AultIafˆnhIˆ kr irhf qfˆ Aus nUM ipwT-prny iltf

idE. jy AultIafˆ jfˆ dOry dI siQqI hY qfÂus nUM vwKI-prny Bfv irkvrI puËIÈn ciltfE. rogI dy qMg kwpVy iZwly kr idEjfˆ Auqfr idE. isr aqy mwQy qy TMZy pfxIdIafˆ pwtIafˆ rwKo. kmry c pwKf aqy kUlrclf idE qfˆ ik vDdy qfpmfn nUM kMtrolkIqf jf sky. srIr Àuwpr igwlf pqlf kwpVfvI idwqf jf skdf hY. iDafn rwKo ik pIVqnUM bhuqI TMZ nf lwgy. srIr dy qfpmfn dIhr ds imMt bfad jfˆc kro aqy jdoˆ qfpmfn 38 izgrI sYˆtIgRyz jfˆ 101izgrI PfrnhIt qk puwj jfvy qfˆ iehqrIkf bMd kr idE. pIVq nUM TMZy pfxI`c nmk, cInI aqy inMbU pf ky iÈkMjvIidE. jUs, lwsI vÊYrf vI idwqI jf skdIhY. byhoÈI dI hflq ivc mUMh ËrIey koeIvI qrl pdfrQ pIx leI nf idE. iesqrHfˆ krn nfl pfxI sfh vflI nflI c jfky sfh dI rukfvt pYdf kr skdf hY.qurMq zfktrI shfieqf pRfpq kro, ikAuikieh iek gMBIr mYzIkl sMktkflInsiQqI hY.

grmI dI Qkfvt leI Pst eyzgrmI dI Qkfvt nfl hoeI

byhoÈI vfly pIVqfˆ nUM iksy TMZI, hvfdfrqy Cfˆdfr jgHf `qy ies qrHfˆ iltfAuxfcfhIdf hY ik Aus dy pYr bfkI srIr nfloÂuwcy hox. qMg kwpVy iZwly kro qy psInfpUMJ idE. byhoÈI dI hflq `c mUMh rfhIˆkoeI vI qrl pdfrQ nf idE. hoÈ `cafAux qy iÈkMjvI, jUs jfˆ lwsI afid idwqI

jf skdI hY.sfvDfnIafˆ

kVfky dI Duwp c ijwQoqk sMBv hovy Gro bfhr nfjfvo. inrjlIkrn (zIhfeIzRyÈn) qoˆ bcxleI qyË Duwp `c bfhr nfinklo. lU qoˆ bcx leIsrIr `c pfxI nf GtxidE, ikAuîk psIny rfhIˆkfÌI mfqrf `c pfxI qynmk bfhr inkl jfˆdyhn. hr 20 imMt ipwCoˆ iekglfs pfxI pIE. grmIafîvc cfh, kOÌI dI vrqoˆGwt jfˆ bMd kr dyvo. ienHIîdnIˆ sfÌ pfxI qy hor qrlpdfrQfˆ dI vrqo vDyry

kro. Duwp `c bfhr jfx vyly cMgI iksmdIafˆ aYnkfˆ dI vrqo kro. isr Auwpr igwlfqOlIaf rwKo. cmVI `qy snskrIn krImdI vrqoˆ cmVI nUM Julsx qoˆ bcfAuˆdI hY.sn brnË qoˆ bcx leI srIr dy iËafdfqr ihwsy nUM Zk ky rwKo. lU qoˆ bcfaleI hmyÈf mOsm dI qbdIlI anusfrafpxy Kfx-pIx `c qbdIlI kro. Bojnivc jldI pcx vfly TMZy qrl, dhIˆ,lwsI, slfd afid dI vrqo kro. qyË msflydfr, grm qfsIr vfly Bojn nfKfE, bfËfr qoˆ jUs, kulPIafˆ, Plfˆ dIcft, kwt ky rwKy nMgy Pl, glIafˆ-sVIafˆsbËIafˆ afid nf vrqo, bfsI brYwz, ibskut kyk afid nf vrqo, sÌfeI dfivÈyÈ iDafn rwKo. grmIafˆ ivc sfÌ-suQry, hlky rMg dy, KuwlHy qy sUqI kwpVy pihnxy cfhIdy hn. ijwQoˆ qk sMBv hovy,isr Auwpr iswDI Duwp nhIˆ pYx dyxI cfhIdI.ies leI CqrI afid df AupXog lfhyvMdhovygf. sÉq srIrk muÈwkq vflf kMmidn dy TMZy ihwsy `c kro.


zf[ suKdyv isMG

joDpur jylH `c bMd aKOqI bfby afsf rfm dy lVkynUM ipAu vfˆg hI blfqkfr dy kys ivc Aumr kYddI sËf hoxf, jlybI bfbf, dfqI mhfrfj, kYQoilkibÈp PrYˆko mulwkl qy aijhy hor pfKMzIafˆ Auwqyblfqkfr qy DoKfDVI dy kys, pfdrI koloˆ 16 lwKimlxf, sfDfˆ duafrf afÈrmfˆ jfˆ afsQf dy nfm`qy vwzy mfqrf ivc Dn dOlq iekTf krnf; sfDpuxy qoˆ Ault awXfÈI qy arfmdfiek jIvnbsr krnf ieÈfrf krdy hn ik ieh ajoky sfDfˆjfˆ bfibafˆ df aiDafqimkqf df pRcfr nhIˆ blikafm lokfˆ vfˆg hI pdfrQk qy kfmuk Bfvnfvfˆ dIpUrqI aqy inrol Cl-kpt hI hY.

afstrylIaf ivc BfrqI aiDafqimkXog gurU afnMd igrI nUM do mihlfvfˆ nfl CyVCfVdy kys aDIn igRPqfr krnf ies dI qfËI imsflhY. bfibafˆ dy kukrm jdoˆ jwg Ëfihr huMdy hn qfˆkuJ gurmIq rfm rhIm vfˆg slfKfˆ ipCy, kuJgupqvfsfˆ ivc, kuJ Prfr jdik kuJ ku afqm-hwiqaf kr lYˆdy hn. ipCy ijhy qflImXfPqf mfzrn sfD BYXUjI mhfrfj vwloˆ kukrmjwg Ëfihr hox sdkf afqm-hwiqaf kr leI sI.pMjfb smyq sfry mulk ivc ies pfKMz df vDirhf ruJfn icMqf df ivÈf hY aqy socx leI mjbUrkrdf hY ik afiÉr aijhf ikAuˆ vfpr irhf hY?

sfDU jfˆ sfD BfrqI sMsikRqI dfmhqwvpUrn Èbd hY ijs df moty qOr `qy arQ hYswjx iensfn. ihMdU imiQhfs muqfibk, sfDU dfmqlb Auh iensfn hY jo nymfˆ nfl soD ky dUijafˆdy duinafvI kMmfˆ jfˆ aiBlfÈfvfˆ nUM pUrf kry. iesqoˆ Cuwt sfD dIafˆ cfr ivÈyÈqfvfˆ- iqafg, sMjm,

vYrfg qy Auprfmqf dsIafˆ geIafˆ hn; BfvaijhI afqmf ijs df iksy vfÈnf vwl iDafn nfjfvy. BfeI kfnH isMG nfBf anusfr, sfD Auh AupkfrI hY jo `prfey kfrj nUM iswD kry`. sMq bfryBfeI sfihb ilKdy hn, Auh purÈ ijs ny mn ieMdRIafˆ nUM itkfieaf hY.

rvfieqI smfj ivc sfD dI bhuqmhfnqf drsfeI geI hY. ieiqhfsk, imiQhfsk,Dfrimk gRMQfˆ aqy afm sfihq ivc sfD dI AupmfhY. BfrqI smfj ivc Drm df vDyry bolbflf hoxkrky sfDU nUM ivÈyÈ drjf idwqf jfˆdf sI aqy sfDdI sMgq nUM jIvn df pfr Auqfrf krn qk dI soBfidwqI geI hY. gurbfxI df kQn hY- Àuqm sloksfDu ky bcn]` aqy `sfDU sMig AuDfru Bey inkfixaf]` purfxy vyilafˆ ivc horfˆ pwKfˆ qoîelfvf sB qoˆ aihm pwK sI, awlg awlg Drmhox dy bfvjUd vDyry sfD sMqfˆ kol sihxÈIlqf qysMjm sI aqy Auh afm lokfˆ qy smfj ivc ies pwKnUM pRcfrdy vI sn. lokfˆ dy GrylU klyÈ qy mfniskqxfx nUM afpxy pRvcnfˆ rfhIˆ invfrn krdy. keIsfD qfˆ jVI-bUtIafˆ rfhIˆ dvf dfrU vI krdy prlflc qoˆ dUr rihMdy. jq-sq dy pRwpk, alpahfrI, kudrqI vfqfvrn muqfibk afpxy jIvnnUM rwbI ÈkqI dy nyVy rwKdy. iesy krky hI sfDfˆsMqfˆ nUM lok ÈrDf Bfvnf nfl dyKdy.

ajoky Xuwg `c vDyry krky Ault ho irhfhY. mulk ivc sfD vI vDyry krky pr-ihq dIbjfey inwj-ihq ivc gVuwc hn jo AunHfˆ dy pfKMzfˆ,Cl-kpt qy ZMgfˆ qoˆ sfP nËr afAuˆdf hY. lokfˆ nUMaMDivÈvfsI bxf aqy krmfˆ dy cwkrfˆ ivc pf ky

mfieaf btornf, clfkI qy Gor Pryb rfhIˆ nOjuafnlVkIafˆ koloˆ ieÈnfn krvfAuxf, ijnsI ÈoÈn,lVkIafˆ df AuDflf, isafsqdfnfˆ dI Èih `qyafpxy cyilafˆ (guMizafˆ) duafrf zyirafˆ qy afÈrmfîvc afAux vfly ÈrDflUafˆ nUM mfnisk qOr qy dbfky hmyÈf leI afpxy cuMgl ivc PsfeI rwKxf, keIhflfq ivc kql afid kukrm pRqwK hn. ies qoîbnf keI axdsIafˆ kukrm khfxIafˆ dPn ho kyrih jfˆdIafˆ hn.

smyˆ nfl hr ÈYa bdl jfˆdI hY. aijhfkuJ sfD sMqfˆ dy pwK qo vfpr irhf hY. mMinaf igafhY ik mfieaf vwK vwK rUpfˆ ivc iensfn nUM afpxIigRPq ivc lY lYˆdI hY. ajokf Xug mMzI-ÈkqI qyBOiqkvfd df Xuwg hY ijs ivc pdfrQk vsqfˆ dIiKwc ieMnI idKfeI jfˆdI hY, ijwQy afm iensfn ivqoˆbfhr ho ky vI pdfrQk vsqfˆ iekwTIafˆ krdf hIinbV jfˆdf hY, AuQy sfD sMq vI iehI vrqfryapxf rhy hn. ajoky sfDfˆ df mn vI asihxÈIl,KMzq qy pRcMz lflcI ho irhf hY. nvyˆ zyryḲafÈrmKuwlHxf ies dIafˆ pRqK imsflfˆ hn. Bfrq ivclwKfˆ hI zyryḲafÈrm hoˆd ivc af cuwky hn. pMjfbvrgy Coty rfj ivc vI 9000 dy krIbzyryḲafÈrm hn jo vDyry krky mfieaf iekwTIkrn df ËrIaf hn. bfibafˆ kol mihMgIafˆ kfrfˆ,aflIÈfn sQfn qy bMdUkDfrI cyilafˆ df iekwT iesdf sbUq hn. so, ajokf sfDpuxf afriQk afDfirq hY, aiDafqmk afDfirq nhIˆ.

aKOqI bfibafˆ dI Aupj df iek hor vwzfkfrn sfDpuxy ivc asfn dfKlf hY. koeI klrkjfˆ srjf cfr mulfËm vI BrqI krnf hovy qfˆ koeI

inrDfrq ividak Xogqf cfhIdI hY, tYst jfîeMtrivAu pfs krnI pYˆdI hY pr bfbf bxn leIiksy Xogqf dI ËrUrq nhIˆ. bs Kfs Bys qy ÈurUafq leI QoVHI jgHf cfhIdI hY jo CyqI hI PYljfˆdI hY. sony qy suhfgy vflI gwl ieh huMdI hY iksfDfˆ qy afÈrmfˆ nUM isafsI QfpVf vI iml jfˆdfhY. bs Pyr kI? nf koeI puwCx vflf qy nf hI koeIrok-tok. keI bfibafˆ df ipCokV inhfieqaprfiDk huMdf hY. sfD sMqfˆ dy zyry pRPulq hox dyhor vwzy kfrx hn: smfj `c irÈiqafˆ dI tuwt-Bwj, GrylU klyÈ, smfijk shfirafˆ dftuwtxf, smfijk asMgTqf, aMqr-mnuwKI asMvydnÈIlqf, mfnisk qxfa afid. mnoivi-gafnk pwKfˆ qoˆ kIqy srvyKxfˆ qoˆ pqf lwgdf hY ikizprYÈn dI ibmfrI dYˆq df rUp Dfr rhI hY. Bfrqivc hux 7 kroV dy krIb lok izprYÈn dI mfrhyT hn. iek irport muqfibk, pMjfb df hrawTvfˆ bMdf izprYÈn df iÈkfr hY. mfnisk qysmfijk qOr qy tuwty iensfn sfDfˆ sMqfˆ dI Èrnivc afAuˆdy hn aqy luwt-Ksuwt df iÈkfr huMdy hn.

mMinaf jfˆdf hY ik ijAuˆ ijAuˆ smfjqrwkI krdf hY, aMDivÈvfÈ qy aigafnqf dfhnyrf dUr ho jfˆdf hY aqy lokfˆ df vrqfrfqrkÈIl pwKI huMdf hY pr sfzy smfj ivc aijhfnËr nhIˆ afAuˆdf. awj afm lok afpxy suwKfˆ dIpRfpqI leI sfDfˆ sMqfˆ dy khy qy kuJ vI krn leIiqafr rihMdy hn. grU nfnk jI dy Aucfry ÈbdàMDI rXiq igafn ivhUxI Bfih Bry murdfru]àwj vI pRsMgk hn. pMKzI bfby Drm dy nfm dyshfry lokfˆ nUM zrf ky sB kuJ hfsl kr lYˆdy hn.

smfj aqy aKOqI sfD: ivcfrn df vylf

(sPf 8 dI bfkI)AuWcIaF aÌsrI asfmIaF AuWpr PfzI rihx dfÉdÈF ijqfieaF jf skdf hY. BfvyN sfry prvfsIieh kihMdy hn ik ivdyÈF ivwc kMm krnf sOKf

nhIN,pr jo vI iewk vfr cwilaf jfdf hY, Auh vfpsmuV nhIN afAuNdf! ijs nfl Auh pMjfbI swiBafcfrnfl tuwt jfdf hY,ikAuNik pMjfbI asIN BfvnfvF qyjËbfqF dI kdr krdy hF. prvfsI muwnK

ijafdfqfr pdfrQvfdI ho jFdf hY.aMq iehI ikhf jf skdf hY, ik prvfs

koeI nvIn ÈYlI nhIN hY. ijs ny pMjfbIaF dIafriQkqf ƒ kfÌI mËbUq kIqf hovy. pr afpxy

pMjfb, pMjfbIaq nfl ipafr qoVnf koeI pVHy-ilKy,afmIrF dI vI inÈfnI nhIN.kfÈ! ieh nf hovyik afAux vfly smyN ivwc pMjfb rfj isrÌ pMjfbIaq df ajfieb Gr bxik rih jfvy.

pMjfbI nOjvfnI df prvfs, vrdfn jF srfp

(sPf 10 dI bfkI)df ivkfs pRmuwK muwdf sI, pr sfzy isafsqdfnfˆ nyafËfdI imlx AuprMq afpxy sOVy ihwqfˆ kfrn BfÈfdy msly nUM burI qrHfˆ AulJf idwqf. ies krky kuJBfÈfeI Kyqrfˆ ivc ihMdI nUM vI bfkI BfÈfvfˆ leIAuvyˆ hI Éqrf mMinaf jfx lwigaf ijvyˆ pihlfˆ aMgryËI nUM mMinaf jfˆdf sI. ies nfl aMgryËI dIlMby smyˆ leI pwkI srdfrI ho geI.

ies hflq ivc sfzy pMjfbI nfl juVybuwDIjIvIafˆ dy kI ÌrË hn? kI ies nUM svIkfrkrky cuwp krky bYT jfxf jfˆ ies qoˆ vI vwD, ÉudaMgryËI igafn dy smrwQ hox kfrn afpxy jfqIPfiedy lYxy aqy mfq BfÈf pMjfbI dy nfˆ `qy dMBIhfa df nfarf mfrdy rihxf TIk hY? jfˆ ies ivigafnk isDfˆq nUM amlI rUp dyxf cfhIdf hY ikdunIafˆ dI hr BfÈf hr qrHfˆ dy igafn ivigafnnUM pRgtfAux ivc smrwQ hY? jfˆ kI qknIkIÈbdfvlI df ivkfs qy ivigafn dy hr Kyqr dIAuwc ivwidaf ivc mfq BfÈf nUM lfgU krn ihwq XojnfbwD qrIky nfl koiÈÈfˆ krnIafˆ cfhIdIafˆhn aqy srkfr nUM BfÈfeI ivkfs qy sfry srk-frI/adflqI kMmkfj pMjfbI ivc krn leI mjbUrkrn leI hMBly mfrny cfhIdy hn?

afËfdI imlx mgroˆ eyÈIaf qy aÌrIkfdy anyk mulkfˆ ny ies smwisaf df sfhmxf kIqfhY. ies leI sfnUM hor mulkfˆ dy aijhy qËribafˆqoˆ vI iswKxf cfhIdf hY. ies msly `qy sB qoˆ vwDkMm kInIaf dy isrjxfqmk lyKk qy ivdvfn gugIvf iQEˆgo ny kIqf hY. Èfied sfnUM vI gugI dy kIqykMm aqy ivcfrfˆ qoˆ syD iml sky ikAuîk bsqIvfdiÉlfÌ Bfrq aqy kInIaf dy anuBv aqy mfq BfÈfdy ihwq leI sMGrÈ ieko ijhy hn.

gugI vf iQEˆgo aÌrIkf dy sB qoˆ pRiswDlyKkfˆ ivcoˆ iek hY. gugI df jnm kInIaf ivc 5jnvrI 1938 nUM hoieaf aqy Aus df bcpn df nfˆjyms gugI sI jo brqfnvI bsqIvfdI pRBfv krkyrwiKaf igaf sI. bfad ivc afpxI aÌrIkI kOmIcyqnf nfl Aus ny afpxf nfˆ bdl ky gugI vf

iQEˆgo rwiKaf. gugI df twbr kInIaf dy afËfdIsMGrÈ ivc Èfiml sI. Aus dI mfˆ nUM qsIhy idwqygey. gugI ny Xugfˆzf dI mfkRyry XUnIvristI qoˆ aMgryËI ivc bI[ey[ 1963 ivc kIqI aqy kMpflfivc ividafrQI jIvn dOrfn hI 1962 ivc Ausdf aMgryËI ivc iliKaf nftk ìd blYk hrimwt`Kyizaf igaf. Aus df pihlf aMgryËI nfvl 1964ivc ieMglYˆz ivc lIzs XUnIvristI ivc pVHfeIdOrfn Cipaf `vIp nft cfeIlz`. pUrbI aÌrIkfdy iksy vI lyKk vwloˆ iliKaf ieh pihlf nfvlsI. 1965 ivc Cipaf Aus df dUjf nfvl ìdirvr btvIn` kInIaf dI ienklfbI afËfdIlihr bfry sI. 1967 ivc Aus df aglf nfvlèy gryn afP vHIt` Cipaf. PrYˆË PYnn dI sMsfrpRiswD ikqfb `Wretched of the 5arth` dfaÌrIkI lyKkfˆ `qy Ëbrdsq asr sI. ies dynfl hI gugI ny afpxf iesfeI nfˆ jyms Cwz ky dysIaPrIkI nfˆ gugI vf iQEˆgo rwiKaf aqy aMgryËIivc ilKxf Cwz ky afpxI mfq BfÈf igikXU ivcilKxf ÈurU kIqf.

1976 ivc kInIaf XUnIvristI ivcsfihq aiDafpk vjoˆ gugI ny iek nftk gruwpbxf ky igikXU ivc nftk ilK ky Kyizaf. ies qoˆkInIaf df qqkflI Aup-rfÈtrpqI qy bfad ivcrfÈtrpqI arfp moeI eynf nfrfË hoieaf ik gugInUM igRÌqfr krky jylH ivc bMd kr idwqf. kOmfˆqrIdbfa kfrn iek sfl bfad irhfa idwqf igaf,pr Aus dI XUnIvristI dy pRoÌYsr vjoˆ nOkrIbhfl nhIˆ kIqI geI. gugI afpxy mulk dy afËfdImgroˆ nv-bsqIvfdI mulk bxn `qy duKI sI qyKuwlH ky ies bfry ilKdf sI. afpxy mulk ivc svfihlI vrgI Auwnq BfÈf nUM Cwz ky aMgryËI nUMpRmuwKqf dyx `qy vI Auh duKI sI. Aus ny mfq BfÈfivc ilKx df ÌYslf kIqf. ienHIˆ idnIˆ kInIaf qyBfrq, Éfskr pMjfbIafˆ ivc bVy inwGy sMbMD sn.kfmryz mwKx isMG ny kInIaf dy afËfdI sMgrfmivc ihwsf ilaf sI qy Auh AuwQoˆ dy bfad ivc bxyrfÈtrpqI jomo kyinafqf dy bVf nyVy sI. 1963

ivc kInIaf afËfd hoieaf sI qy 1970ivafˆ qkAuwQy vwzI igxqI ivc pMjfbI rihMdy sn. ienHfˆ ivckuJ AuwGy pMjfbI lyKk vI Èfml sn. ies dOrfnhI kInIaf dy pMjfbI lyKk ajIq sqBrfeIˆ nygugI nUM tYgor qy blrfj sfhnI dy mfq BfÈf sbMDIsMvfd bfry dwisaf sI ijs kfrn Èrmsfr ho kyblrfj sfhnI ny pMjfbI ivc hI ilKx df pRxkIqf sI. gurmuKI nf jfxidafˆ vI Aus ny imhnqkrky ilpI iswKI qy iPr sfrI iËMdgI pMjfbI ivciliKaf. Èfied gugI dy afpxI mfdrI Ëubfn vwlmuVn ipwCy pMjfbI lyKk vwloˆ dwisaf ieh sMvfd vIpRyrk irhf hovy.

ÉYr, gugI nUM mulk Cwz ky jfxf ipafaqy amrIkf dIafˆ XUnIvristIafˆ ivc Aus ny bVfnfmxf Kwitaf. Auh 22 virHafˆ bfad hI kInIafprq sikaf sI. pr ies dOrfn Aus ny 30 dykrIb ikqfbfˆ ilKIafˆ ijnHfˆ ivc afpxI mfq BfÈfigikXU ivc ilKy Aus dy ds qoˆ vwD nfvl, khfxIafˆ, nftk afid Èfml hn. 2004 ivc dodhfky bfad Ausdf nfvl `Wizard of the Crow`Cipaf jo igikXU qoˆ aMgryËI ivc anuvfd sI. gugIny afpxIafˆ keI rcnfvfˆ df afp hI igikXU qoâMgryËI ivc anuvfd kIqf, pr isrjnfqmk rcnfvfˆ leI Aus ny mfq BfÈf ivcilKx dy asUl nUM nhIˆ qoiVaf. afpxIafˆ rcnfvfˆleI gugI nUM keI kOmfˆqrI ienfm vI imly.

Aus dIafˆ ikqfbfˆ ivcoˆ BfÈf icMqn leIsB qoˆ ËrUrI ‘Decolonising the Mind- ThePolitics of Language in African Litera-ture` hY. ies CotI ijhI ikqfb dy kuwl cfraiDafie hn. ienHfˆ ivc gugI ny bVI zUMGfeI nflmfq BfÈf dy ivkfs qy Aus dIafˆ smwisafvfˆ `qyinwT ky ivcfr kIqf hY.

hr mulk ivc mfq BfÈf lihr dykfrkunfˆ leI ieh byhwd ËrUrI ikqfb hY. ikqfbdI BUimkf ivc gugI ny Bfrq vrgI hflq dy pRsMgivc svfihlI nUM kInIaf dI srkfrI qy kOmI BfÈf,hr Kyqr dI mfq BfÈf qy aMgryËI nUM aMqrrfÈtrI

sMvfd dI BfÈf dy iqMn sUqrI BfÈf PfrmUly dIvkflq kIqI hY. iksy vyly Bfrq ivc vI iqMnsUqrI BfÈfeI PfrmUlf lfgU krn dI koiÈÈ kIqIgeI sI jo nIqI nUM shI ZMg nfl lfgU nf krnkrky nfkfm hoeI. Aus ny ieh aYlfn vI kIqf ikAuh afpxI hr ilKq igikXU Xf svfihlI ivc hIrcygf aqy aMgryËI ivc isrÌ AunHfˆ df anuvfdkIqf jfvygf. ieh gwl Bfrq dy lyKkfˆ leI bVIaihm hY ikAuîk iewQy BfrqI BfÈfvfˆ nUM hfly vIisrjxf qk hI sImq kIqf jfˆdf hY aqy icMqnBrpUr lyKxI leI aMgryËI hI vwD ZukvIˆ ËubfnsmJI jfˆdI hY.

BfÈf dy dUhry cirwqr bfry gugI dfkihxf hY ik BfÈf nf isrÌ sMcfr df mfiDam hYsgoˆ ieh swiBafcfr nUM pyÈ krn df mfiDam vIhY. bsqIvfd df asl inÈfnf qfˆ mulkfˆ `qy kbËfkrky AuwQoˆ dI dOlq dI luwt krnf huMdf hY, pr AuhdOlq dI luwt leI lokfˆ dy swiBafcfr qy mn `qykbËf vI ËrUrI smJdy hn. so gulfm mulkfˆ ivcbsqIvfdI hfkm AuwQo dy swiBafcfr dy aMgfˆ- klf,nfc, ieiqhfs, iswiKaf, sfihq aqy BfÈf nUM qbfhkrky bsqIvfdI BfÈf Qop ky gulfm kOm dy idlo-idmfÊ `qy kbËf krdy hn. bsqIvfdIafˆ dIafˆsfrIafˆ koiÈÈfˆ nUM hrf ky aÌrIkI BfÈfvfîjAuˆdIafˆ rhIafˆ qy ienHfˆ nUM iksfn qy mËdUrjmfq ny afpxy isafsI sMGrÈfˆ, lok gIqfˆ rfhIîjAuˆdIafˆ rwiKaf.

Aus dI iewCf sI ik aÌrIkI Ëubfnfˆ dylyKk afpxy mulkfˆ dy iksfnfˆ qy mËdUrfˆ dy sMGrÈfˆ dI afvfË bx ky sfmrfjvfd nUM Bfˆj dyxivc ihwsf pfAux aqy dunIafˆ dy hor lokfˆ nfl imlky smfjvfd aqy jmhUrI inËfm kfiem krn ivcBUimkf inBfAux. smuwcy qOr `qy gugI df icMqn sfzyaqy hor eyiÈafeI mulkfˆ `qy vI lfgU huMdf hY. sosfnUM Aus dy ivcfrfˆ qoˆ pRyrnf lY ky afpxy idmfÊnUM bsqIvfd dy pRBfvfˆ qoˆ mukq krnf cfhIdf hYaqy afpxI mfq BfÈf pMjfbI dI smrwQf nUM vDfAuxleI afpxf ihwsf pfAuxf cfhIdf hY.

bsqIvfd dy pRBfvfˆ qoˆ mukqI df rfh


(sPf 19 dI bfkI)muKI vloˆ sRI gurU goibMd isMG df svfˆg rcx kfrnakfl qKq qoˆ Aus aqy Aus dy pYrokfrfˆ nfl iksyvI iksm df irÈqf nf rwKx df hukmnfmf jfrI hoigaf sI. pRkfÈ isMG bfdl ny 2015 ivc akflqÉq dy jQydfr igafnI gurbcn isMG aqy Aus dysfQI jQydfr sfihbfn nUM afpxI srkfrI irhfieÈAuqy qlb kr ky zyrf muKI nUM muafÌI dyx dfPrmfn suxf ky iswK mirXfdf dI AulMGxf krvfeI.ies vrqfry ivc dovyˆ pMQk sMsQfvfˆ- akfl qKqaqy ÈRomxI kmytI dy aks nUM Zfh lwgI. pRkfÈisMG bfdl ny awj qwk ies bfry koeI spÈtIkrnnhIˆ idwqf ik Aus ny qKq sfihbfn dy jQydfrfˆ nUMafpxI srkfrI irhfieÈ Auqy ikAuˆ qlb kIqf sI.

suKbIr isMG bfdl ipCly iqMn mhIinafˆqoˆ afpxI pfrtI dy vrkrfˆ nUM srgrm krn ivclwgy hoey hn, ikAuîk pfrtI vrkr 2017 vflIafˆ

ivDfn sBf coxfˆ ivc hoeI nmoÈIjnk hfr kfrnbhuq mfXUs sn. ienHfˆ coxfˆ ivc ÈRomxI akflI dlnUM msIˆ 15 sItfˆ imlIafˆ aqy ieh ivroDI pfrtIdf drjf vI hfsl nhIˆ kr skI. ivroDI pfrtIdf ruqbf afm afdmI pfrtI ny hfsl kr ilafsI. ivDfn sBf coxfˆ qoˆ bfad hoeIafˆ iËmnI coxfˆvI pfrtI burI qrHfˆ hfr geI. suKbIr isMG bfdlny pUrI igxqI imxqI nfl ienHfˆ coxfˆ ivc afpxyafp nUM dfa Auqy lfAux df joiKm AuTfieaf hY.Auh iProËpur lok sBf hlky qoˆ cox lV rhy hnijs ivc AunHfˆ df afpxf ivDfn sBf hlkfjlflfbfd vI afAuˆdf hY.

pMjfb dI isafsq df imËfj dUjy sUibafˆqoˆ vwKrf hY ikAuîk ieh mulk df ieko iek sUbf hYijQy mulk dI pRBfvÈflI GwtigxqI qbkfbhuigxqI ivc hY aqy ieh 1947 qoˆ vwK-vwK sM-GrÈfˆ ivcoˆ guËrdf irhf hY. iswK Dfrimk-isafsI

pRvcn ies sUby dI isafsq dI idÈf qYa krdyhn pr ieh isafsI vrqfrf votfˆ dI isafsq nflovwKrf hY ijs ivc ieQoˆ dI GwtigxqI, ijhVI kOmIpwDr Auqy bhuigxqI hY, muwK BUimkf adf krdI hY.iehI kfrn jfpdf hY ik kYptn amirMdr isMG nyafpxy vËIr nvjoq isMG iswDU vloˆ pfiksqfnI ÌOjdy muKI nUM jwPI pfAux, krqfrpur lfˆGf aqy pul-vfmf Gtnf qo bfad BfrqI hvfeI sYnf dy bflfkothmly dy mfmilafˆ Auqy pRDfn mMqrI nirMdr modIqoˆ vI agfˆh jf ky pfiksqfn dI nukqfcInI kIqIsI. brgfVI ivKy jUn 2018 ivc byadbI dy muwdyAuqy hoey do ivÈfl iekwTfˆ ny ieh pRBfv idwqf sIik AuQoˆ akflI dl leI vMgfr bx ky AuBrn vflInvIˆ isafsI iDr AuBrygI. ieh nqIjf qfˆ Bfvyˆsfhmxy nhIˆ afieaf pr lMmf smfˆ cwilaf brgfVImorcf aqy ivÈfl iekwTfˆ ny Gwto-Gwt mflvy ivcies muwdy nUM ijAudf rwiKaf hY. smuwcy hflfq df dUjf

pfsf ieh hY ik kYptn amirMdr isMG dI srkfrafpxI kfrguËfrI nfl lokfˆ Auqy koeI cMgf pRBfvpfAux ivc asPl rhI hY ijs dI afs lokfˆ vloîmly aYzy vwzy lok Ìqvy vflI srkfr qoˆ kIqI jfrhI sI. hor qfˆ hor, Auh srkfr vwloˆ iksfnfˆ dykrËy df kuJ ihwsf muafÌ krn df lfhf lYx ivcvI asPl rhy hn. aÌsrÈfhI vflI phuMc nyrfjsI pRfpqIafˆ ËIro kr idwqIafˆ hn. Èfied iehIkfrn hY ik kfˆgrsI AumIdvfr byadbI dy muwdy nUMhI afpxf muwK rfjsI hiQafr bxf rhy hn.

ienHfˆ coxfˆ ivc bfdl pirvfr dfisafsI BivK dfa Auqy lwigaf hoieaf hY. biTMzfaqy iÌroËpur hlikafˆ dy cox nqIjy nf isrÌbfdl pirvfr dy isafsI BivK df PYslf krngyblik sUby dI isafsI idÈf vI qYa krngy ijQyqIjI isafsI iDr AuBfrn leI kIqy qkrIbn sfryqjrby PylH hoey hn.

pMjfb ivc kI sunyhf dyxgy lok sBf coxfˆ dy nqIjy?

(sPf 4 dI bfkI)`qy rfj krn vfly nyqf aiq drjy dymhwqvkfˆkÈI, kutl aqy svfrQI hox, EQoˆ dIrfj-ivvsQf kdy lokqMqrI guxfˆ vflI aqy lokihqkfrI nhIˆ ho skdI. Drm dy aMdrUnI qqsfrnUM smJx vflf Èfsk hI rfj ivc swqf dy Auwicqiesqymfl df Ìrk smJ skdf hY. BfeI kfnH isMGnfBf aijhy afdrÈ rfj df sMklp pyÈ krdy hnijhVf mirafdf `qy afDfirq hovy aqy AuwQoˆ dfÈfsk guxI, cirwqrvfn aqy smfj dI BlfeI leIkMm krn vflf hovy aqy ijsdf rfj pRbMDrfjqMqrI huMidafˆ vI lokqMqrI guxfˆ vflf hovy.suXog aqy dUraMdyÈ Èfsk AuwQoˆ dI rfjnIqk aqyafriQk ivvsQf dI mËbUq nIˆh bxdy hn.afËfdI AuprMq amrIkf dy pihly rfÈtrpqIjfrj vfiÈMgtn 1789 qoˆ 1797 qk srbsMmqInfl cuxy gey.

qIsrI vfr AunHfˆ Éud lokfˆ awgy ilÉqIrUp ivc rfÈtrpqI bxn qoˆ nfˆh kr idwqI qfˆ johor nOjvfnfˆ nUM dyÈ dI syvf df mOkf iml sky. Ausqoˆ bfad vfly rfÈtrpqI ijvyˆ Qfms jYPrsn,abrfhm ilMkn, rUËvYlt, vuzro ivlsn aqy jfnaYwP kYnyzI ny pihly rfÈtrpqI dy nkÈy-kdmfˆ`qy cwl ky zyZ sdI ivc amrIkf nUM ivÈyÈ ÈkqIbxf idwqf. pVHy-ilKy, sUJvfn aqy dfinÈmMdÈfsk hmyÈf lokfˆ df mn ijwq lYˆdy hn. rUs dI1917 dI kRfˆqI mgroˆ jd ÊrIb iksfnfˆ aqy mËdUrfˆ df iek vÌd lYinn nUM imlx leI mfskoafieaf qfˆ Aus dy dÌqr vfly kmry ivc kfmryzdupihr dI rotI Kf irhf sI.

iksfn ieh duwK dwsx afey sn ik AunHfˆnUM juvfr dI ruwKI rotI imldI hY, iPr ienklfbdf kI Ìfiedf hoieaf. imlidafˆ jd iksfnfˆ vyiKafik lYinn vI AuhI ruwKI rotI Kf irhf sI ijhVI AunHfˆ

nUM nsIb huMdI hY qfˆ iksfnfˆ dI iÈkfieq Éqm hogeI. ijwQy Èfsk aqy irafieaf dy rihx-sihxivc ËmIn-asmfn df aMqr nf hovy aqy Èfsklokfˆ dIafˆ duÈvfrIafˆ smJx dI qfˆG rwKdf hovyaqy kdy-kdfeIˆ mhfrfjf rxjIq isMG vfˆg buwZImfeI dI zMgorI bx ky Aus dI gwTVI isr `qy rwKky Gr qk Cwzx dI rucI rwKdf hovy, iesy afdrÈdIafˆ jVHfˆ hmyÈf mËbUq hoxgIafˆ aqy Èfsk lokfˆdIafˆ awKfˆ df qfrf bixaf rhygf.

asIˆ lokqMqr nUM Aus pVfa qoˆ lY kyafˆdf hY ijwQy cox pRikiraf dOrfn lokfˆ dy iekwTsfrIafˆ rfjnIqk pfrtIafˆ dy AuumIdvfrfˆ nUM Gyr-Gyr ky puwC rhy hn ik pMj sfl pihlfˆ kIqyvfaidafˆ df ihsfb-ikqfb idE.

lMby smyˆ qoˆ asIˆ jo idl kIqf, coxmYnIPYsto ivc ilK idwqf ijs ivc lokfˆ dIafˆ qklIÌfˆ df hwl Gwt aqy votrfˆ leI lflc vD

Jlkdf irhf. sfDfrn lokfˆ dIafˆ afriQksmwisafvfˆ aqy smfijk qklIÌfˆ hr pMjvyˆ vrHyduwgxIafˆ huMdIafˆ hn. keI QfeIˆ juVy iekwTfˆ ivclokfˆ nUM ieh kihMdy vI suixaf jf skdf hY ik sfryisafsI afgU iewko ijhy hn.

lokfˆ df drd koeI vI nyqf mihsUs nhIˆkr irhf. sfDfrn votr BMblBUsy ivc hY aqymihsUs krdf hY ik sfry isafsqdfn rly hoey hnaqy lokfˆ nUM mUrK bxfAuˆdy hn. pMjfb dIafˆ sMsdIsItfˆ leI KVHy AumIdvfrfˆ ivcoˆ 30 ÌIsdI dsvIˆ,bfrHvIˆ qk hI pVHy hoey hn. mihMgI aqy jfqIafDfrq rfjnIqI ny ivvdfn, qjrbykfr aqy sUJvfn ivakqIafˆ nUM cox pRikiraf qoˆ dUr rihxleI mjbUr kr idwqf hY. Èfsk afm lokfˆ nfljiVaf hovy, ÊrIbfˆ dIafˆ smwisafvfˆ nUM smJdfhovy aqy jnqk iËMdgI ivc AunHfˆ vfˆg hI ivcrdf hovy.

(sPf 4 dI bfkI)vI cMgI nhIˆ hY. dyÈ dy kroVfˆ lok aijhy hn ijnHfˆnUM zfktr, hspqfl kdy nsIb nhIˆ huMdf.

ÉUn dI kmI aqy BuwK qoˆ vI lok pIVqhn. anykfˆ vfr dyÈ vfsIafˆ ny dyiKaf ik rogI nUMielfj anykfˆ lfÈfˆ Zox leI vI keI lokfˆ nysfeIkl, ryhVf, afpxy moiZafˆ, cfrpfeI dfshfrf ilaf jfˆ isrÌ imRqk kol rOˆdy rih ky lokfˆdI dXf dI AuzIk krdy rhy. hor vI bhuq kuJafpxy dyÈ ivc hfly krn dI ËrUrq hY. hr bwcynUM iswiKaf cfhIdI hY, ruËgfr cfhIdf hY, ivdyÈfˆvwl Bfrq dI jvfnI df jo sYlfb jf irhf hY, AusnUM rokx leI koeI aijhf pRbMDn cfhIdf hY ijwQybwicafˆ nUM afpxf pirvfr, afpxI mfq-BUmI Cwzky isrÌ iewËq dI rotI kmfAux leI dUjy dyÈfˆ ivcjf ky roËI-rotI nf lwBxI pvy. myry sMprk ivc domfvfˆ hn ijnHfˆ dy puwqr lgpg zyZ sfl pihlfîvdyÈ gey aqy Audoˆ qoˆ dovyˆ mfvfˆ rogI hn. dyÈ

vfsI hYrfn hn ik afÉr jnqf dy nfˆ `qy votfˆmMgx vfly jnqf dIafˆ smwisafvfˆ qoˆ ieMny bymuwKikAuˆ? kI kdy iksy nyqf dy muwK qoˆ AunHfˆ leIsMvydnf df iek vI Èbd suixaf ijnHfˆ dy bwcyniÈafˆ dI dldl ivc Ps ky mOq dy mUMh pY rhyhn? kI iek vI aijhy ivakqI df nfˆ jnqf dysfhmxy afieaf jo kfrfˆ ivc Br ky kroVfˆ rupeyaqy lwKfˆ pytIafˆ Èrfb votrfˆ nUM ÉrIdx aqy AunHfˆdf idlo-idmfg lfl pfxI ivc zubfAux leI lY jfrhy hn. kI aijhy lokfˆ nUM sËf dyx bfry crcfinAUË cYnlfˆ `qy suxI hY? AunHfˆ dy smfj ivroDIichry bynkfb kIqy jfx aqy sB qoˆ vwzI gwl joawj dI qRfsdI hY ik Bfrq Auˆj qfˆ arbpqI bxfAux vflI PYktrI bx igaf hY. amIr lok dyÈdf Dn smyt ky vwzI igxqI ivc ivdyÈfˆ `cplfien kr cuwky hn. dyÈ dy kuJ reIsfˆ df BfrqdI 48 ÌIsdI sMpqI aqy aYÈo-ieÈrq dy sfDnfˆ`qy kbËf hY. bycfrI svf sO kroV jnqf isrÌ 52

ÌIsdI sfDnfˆ ivc hI issk-issk ky iËMdgI kwtrhI hY. AunHfˆ ivc vI kroVfˆ aijhy hn ijnHfˆ nUMrfq df Bojn muhweIaf nhIˆ huMdf. sOx leI isrÌnIlI Cwq df shfrf hY. PuwtpfQ `qy jnm lYˆdy hnaqy AuwQy hI aMiqm sfh lYˆdy hn. kI jnqf dyKdIrhygI, bolygI nhIˆ. kfnUMn dI cwkI ivc ipsdfÊrIb qfˆ afpxI hoˆd dI lVfeI hI lVdf rihMdfhY. iBRÈtfcfr dI crcf qfˆ isrÌ iek-do isafsInfˆ lY ky kIqI jfˆdI hY. hspqflfˆ, rylgwzIafˆ,qihsIlfˆ aqy ptvfrIafˆ dy dÌqrfˆ, Qfixafˆ,trYiPk puils dy mulfËmfˆ `c irÈvqKorI dI Jlkqfˆ afm afdmI dyK lYˆdf hY pr jd vwzy-vwzy AudXog qy vpfr clfAux leI ijnHfˆ mgrmwCfˆ dfmUMh ies dyÈ dy lokfˆ nUM Brnf pYˆdf hY, Auh nyqfsB huMdy hoey vI byÈrmI nfl BfÈx idMdy hn ikiBRÈtfcfr Éqm ho igaf hY. iBRÈtfcfr df dYˆqdndnf irhf hY. irÈvqKorI sfzy lokqMqr nUM Guxvfˆg lwgI hoeI hY. ihMdusqfn nUM iksy vkq sony dI

icVI ikhf jfˆdf sI pr byilhfË smyˆ ny ies dy KMBnoc suwty. pMjfb dI gwl krIey qfˆ ieh dyÈ df sBqoˆ vwD ÉuÈhfl sUbf sI. hrI kRfˆqI df jnmdfqfsmyˆ dy bIqx nfl `ÉËfnf ÉflI hY` df rfg alfpirhf hY. nqIjf ieh inkl irhf hY ik sUby dfivkfs burI qrHfˆ Twp ho ky rih igaf hY. lokfˆ dfjIvn qRfsdI Biraf bixaf hoieaf hY pr nyqfcoxfˆ dy myly ivc ruwJy hoey hn. coxfˆ ho jfxgIafˆ,coxfˆ df kfrvfˆ DUm-DVwky nfl inkldf hoieafDUVfˆ puwtygf. cox dMgl `c ijwqy isafsqdfn qfâfpxf AuwlU iswDf kr jfxgy pr bycfrf afmafdmI swqf df kfrvfˆ guËrdf dyKx nUM byvws aqyies kfrvfˆ qoˆ AuwzdI DUV-imwtI, pRdUÈx, iBRÈtfcfr aqy ibmfrIafˆ Aus nUM hI sihxIafˆ pYxgIafˆ. Audoˆ qk jd qk sfry votr, lokqMqrdy rwiKak mOn Cwz ky ies guËrdy swqf dy kfrvfˆnUM afpxy kfbU hyT nhIˆ lY lYˆdy aqy sfÌ-suQryaks vfly iemfndfr AumIdvfrfˆ nUM nhIˆ ijqfAuˆdy.

lok ihqYÈI hoxy cfhIdy hn Èfsk

iBRÈtfcfr dy jMjfl `c jkiVaf dyÈ

(sPf 7 dI bfkI)dy kfrn dyÈ dy mfx-snmfn aqy arQivvsQf ƒ smyN smyN bhuq Dwkf lwigaf hY. dyÈdy kol kudrqI sfDn hn, pr ieh sfDnnOkrÈfhF dIaF iBRÈtfcfrI pRivrqIaF dI ByNtcVH rhy hn. ryq bËrI, Knx, jMglF dI ssqyBfa ktfeI, buinafdI ZFcy dI AusfrI 'cAuproN hyTF qwk kimÈnF qih hoxf ies dIaFAudfhrnF hn. iswty vjoN dyÈ grIbI, byruËgfrIaqy inrfÈqf dy aflm ivwc hY. svfl pYdf huMdfhY ik jdoN vwzIaF vwzIaF qnKfhF lYx vflynOkrÈfh jdoN iBRÈtfcfr dIaF kfrvfeIaF 'cilpq ho jFdy hn kI ieh lokqMqr nflivÈvfsGfq nhIN, iemfndfrI nfl kMm krndI shuM Kfky byeImfnI vfly kMm krny sMivDfndI AulMGxf nhIN? pr ies AulMGxf, iesivÈvfsGfq dI koeI isafsI iDr gwl nhIN

krdI. nf hI nOkrÈfhF hwQo dyÈ ƒ luwty jfx dIgwl krn dI jurwaq kr rhI hY aqy nf hI iksyisafsI iDr kol dyÈ dI bylgfm ho cuwkInOkrÈfhI ƒ nwQ pfAux dI koeI Xojnf hY.

Bfjpf ny 2014 'c ivdyÈF 'c jmHFkflf Dn vfips ilafAux aqy dyÈ ivcoN iBRÈtfcfr Kqm krn df vfadf kIqf, prAusny koeI iek vI Xojnf ieho ijhI nhINbxfeI, jf dwsI, ijsdy nfl kflf Dn bfhroNilaFdf jf sky jF dyÈ ivcoN iBRÈtfcfr Kqm hosky. awj loV dyÈ ivcoN hyTly pwDr qy iBRÈtfcfr Kqm krn dI hY. loV ies gwl dIvI hY ik iBRÈtfcfr mukqI leI koeI roz mYpiqafr hovy jo jnqf dy sfhmxy isafsI pfr-tIaF rwKx. lok sBf dI cox dy smyN nOkrÈfhFdy iBRÈtfcfr dy muwdy Auqy srgrm bihs hoxIhI cfhIdI hY.

iBRÈtfcfr nfl nwko-nwk BrI BfrqI nOkrÈfhI kmljIq isMG bYnIpfl ny do mIl rn ivwc dUjf sQfn hfsl kIqfPirËno (kYlyPornIafˆ) nItf mfCIky/kulvMq DflIafˆ- PirËno dy kmljIqbYnIpfl ny ipCly idnIˆ Aus vkqpMjfbI BfeIcfry df nfm ÌÉr nflAuwcf kIqf jdoˆ Auhnfˆ PirËno dyvuwzvrz pfrk ivwc mdrj zya nUMsmripq do mIl lMmI dOV ivwc Èfmlhoky dUsrf sQfn pRfpq kIqf.kmljIq bYnIpfl ny ieh rys 13 imMtivwc pUrI kIqI. ies rys ivwc ihwsflYx leI vwKo vwK Aumr dy 132 dOVfkpUry kYlyPornIafˆ sUby qoˆ phuMcy hoeysn. ies ijwq ipwCoˆ kmljIq bYnIpflnUM hr pfisEˆ vDfeIafˆ iml rhIafˆhn, aqy PirËno eyrIey df pMjfbIBfeIcfrf kmljIq bYnIpfl dI ijwqqy mfx mihsUs kr irhf hY.


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qyrHvF sfl PARDES TIMES 13th year in Publication · 2019-05-22 · VOL- 13 No. 321 May 22, 2019 E-mali : [email protected] Ph 510-938-7771 Ph510-516-3536 (qyrHvF sfl PARDES TIMES