Prof. Hugo Yoshizaki

Universidade de São Paulo

Background: São Paulo City

Source:GoogleMaps, IBGE

12 million p

1,523 km2

7.5 MM 4-wheel

1.5 MM 2-wheel

Solution: truck bans!

2007 25 km2

1998 12 km2

1993 11 km2

1988 11 km2

1986 4 km2

2008 100 km2

Nos dias úteis das 6 às 21h

Nos sábados das 8 às 14h

Nos dias úteis das 10 às 20h

Nos sábados das 10 às 14h

De 2ª a 6ª das 9h às 19h

Aos sábados das 9h às 13h

De 2ª a 6ª das 5 às 21h

Aos sábados das 10 às 14h

LOSADA, CET 2013

• Zona Máxima de Restrição de Carga

• Mon – Fri : 5am. to 09pm.

• Sat: from 10am. to 02.pm

• Bigger than: • Manhattan – 88 km2

• London congestion zone – 21 km2

• Exception: VUCs can circulate anytime!

• VUC: 4 ton (6,30 x 2,20 m)

• Authorities expected deliveries moving to the night

ZMRC (truck ban zone)

Source: CET, 2011.

Source: locatruck.com.br

100 km2

Intention was good, but....

CET-SP 2012

Fonte: CET Demanda

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horas

...don´t let me be misunderstood!

• Congestion still at high levels

• Small truck and van fleet skyrocketed

• Deliveries remained during daytime regular hours

AMBEV 2013

CISLOG 2012

São Paulo OHD Pilot Project (2014-2015)

• Inspired in the New York’s Off-Hour Delivery (OHD) pilot

• Complete report at:

http://www.antp.org.br/biblioteca-vitrine/cadernos-tecnicos.html

• Webinar 13 at the VREF SUFS website:

//coe-sufs.org/wordpress/peer-to-peer-exchange-program/

Pilot timeline • 2013

• January: new Mayor

• July: Workshop CISLOG/USP VREF/SUFS

• October: Event SETCESP, 200 carriers.

• 2014 • February: study group SMT, SETCESP, IDV,CISLOG/USP

• May: to go decision by the Secretary of Transport

• August: project presentation to prospect companies • 100+ attendees

• 15 volunteer companies in 3 waves

• October: first wave (street stores)

• December: second wave (shopping malls)

• 2015 • March: third wave (big street stores, etc)

• May: results seminar with Mayor

• August: Urban Freight Division created

The pilot project in São Paulo

• Evaluate night deliveries as a freight policy

• Main concerns • Safety (people, cargo, property) • Noise • Productivity and costs

• Pilot test area: mixed land use

• 11 volunteer companies (mostly big retailers)

• No cash incentives • 45 establishments (stores) • Extensive use of GPS data for evaluation • 60+ route shadowings

11 km2

Pilot area and partner companies

SAFETY

People and operation safety were top priority for all participants

• Facts: no occurrences during the pilot (official data from SP Police)

• Night patrol routes included participant stores.

• Two companies used armed escorts.

• Differences between different receivers and supply chains

• Big stores, shopping malls x Small street stores

• High risk x lower risk cargoes

Source: Google Maps 2015 Source: CISLOG 2015

Risks are segmented

by supply chain

NOISE: There is at least one solution for every source of noise

Measuring and evaluating noise was fundamental

• Fact: no complaints during the pilot (official data SP Prefecture Noise Task Force)

• No complaints does not mean no problems.

• Differences between operations and supply chains

• Covered delivery points x Street stores

• Light x Heavy freight

Source: CISLOG 2015

Noise should be

treated individually

Noise (dBA)

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Ruído (dBA) Média Máximo Mínimo

Example of noise profile

Bus Other truck passing in

the street SUV acellerating

Productivity and costs

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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

Speeds by hour of day - October/2014 km/h

Velocidades Vetoriais Marginais Km/h ZMRC Mediana Km/h

3 x faster

2 x faster

Fonte: CISLOG 2015

Speed (calculated) – Day vs. Night

DAY: from 05 am. To 09h59 pm.

Speed (calculated) – Day vs. Night

NIGHT : 10 pm. to 04h59 am.

OTHER ASPECTS

• Store staff. • Availability of public transportation at night.

• 69 % prefer to receive merchandise at night.

• 65% stated that trucks are more punctual at night.

• 73% stated that it is easier to confer and organize merchandise at night.

• Drivers. • 70% prefer driving at night.

• Safety is an issue.

• Less stressed at night: scale from 1 (less) to 5 (very much): • 1,27 (night) vs 3,17 (day).

Results and aftermath

• Pilot was a huge success: • Safety and noise: no ocurrences

• Productivity: higher speeds and smaller delivery times at night.

• Cost trade offs: better for integrated supply chains.

• Mayor: • “Freight should be treated as public transportation, both deal with the city

economic lifeblood.”

• Implementation phase: • Starting in 2016: 19 companies, steady growth (all volunteers, no cash

incentives).

Important lessons

• Public sector has a central role: • Regulation

• Incentives

• Academia as mediator/technical support • Specially in Latin America

• Necessity to consider all major stakeholders:collaboration • Shippers/Manufacturers

• Carriers/Logistics service providers

• Receivers (consumers and companies)

• Government

• There is no one size fits all • Each supply chain is different, there is no single, general action

• There is a limit for volunteer participation

Muchas gracias!