Relatório da análise em fontes de alimentação para computadores do tipo desktop

7/31/2019 Relatrio da anlise em fontes de alimentao para computadores do tipo desktop

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\krqbe Poible Akjkrdi

HBGB\Z_BE JE JK\KGQEIQBHKGZE) BGJ\Z_BD K LEH_LBE K^ZK_BE_BG\ZBZ[ZE GDLBEGDI JK HKZ_EIECBD) T[DIBJDJK K ZKLEGEIECBD ( BGHKZ_E

PP__EECC__DDHHDD JJKK DDGGIIBB\\KK JJKK PP__EEJJ[[ZZEE\\

__KKIIDDZZ__BBEE JJDD DDGGIIBB\\KK KKHH AAEEGGZZKK\\ JJKK DDIIBBHHKKGGZZDDEE

PPDD__DD LLEEHHPP[[ZZDDJJEE__KK\\ JJEE ZZBBPPEEJJKK\\MMZZEEPP

JJbbqqbb||ee jjkk EErrbbkkggzzddee kk BBggllkkggzzbbqqee TT{{ddiibbjjddjjkk (( JJbbqqbbttJJbbrrkkzzeerrbbdd jjdd TT{{ddiibbjjddjjkk (( JJtt{{ddii

BBgghhkkzzrree


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GGJJBBLLKK

4' Dprk|kgzde pc'< ?' F{|zbabldzbqd pc':

1'4 Jk|ldrcd je| Ldpdlbzerk| ge Lbrl{bze Prbhrbe pc'40 1'? _kt{b|bze| Zrhble| pc'44 1'< _bcbjkv Jbkizrbld pc'44 1': Lerrkgzk Do|erqbjd pc'4? 1'; Pezglbd pc'4< 1'1 Kablbglbd Kgkrczbld k Adzer jk Pezglbd pc'4: 1'3 K|zdobibjdjk jd| Zkg|k| pc'4> 1'> Gqki jk E|lbide%_{je ._bppik" pc'42

3' _k|{izdje Ckrdi pc'?0 >' Jb|l{||e je| _k|{izdje| pc'?4 2' Pe|blbegdhkgze je| Adorbldgzk|%bhperzdjerk| pc'?? 40' Pe|blbegdhkgze jd D||elbde pc'


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;(4>4>=e{qbjerbd@bghkzre'ceq'or? Bgjbt{k$ \{ck|ze pdrd e Precrdhd jk Dgib|k jk Prej{ze|6 nzzp6%%sss'bghkzre'ceq'or%leg|{hbjer%aerhLegzdze'd|p< Dlbjkgzk| jk Leg|{he6 _kidzk |k{ ld|e6 nzzp6%%sss'bghkzre'ceq'or%leg|{hbjer%dlbjkgzkUleg|{he'd|p


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??'' FF[[\\ZZBBAABBLLDDZZBBQQDDN h{bze| dge|) crdd| d d|pklze| lehe d cieodibvde) d bhperzglbd jd leh{gblde leh

rdpbjkv k |kc{rdgd) d bgaerhdzbvde jk |krqbe| a{gjdhkgzdb| |elbkjdjk k d bgli{|e jbcbzdi) e|lehp{zdjerk| zergdrdh(|k okg| bhprk|lbgjqkb| gd| khprk|d| k rk|bjglbd|' K|z{je rklkgzk)jbq{icdje pkid A{gjde Ckzibe Qdrcd| ACQ:) he|zre{ t{k e {|e jk lehp{zdjerk| ge Ord|bilegzbg{d lrk|lkgje k~pegkglbdihkgzk) lnkcdgje de bhprk||begdgzk ghkre jk >; hbink| kh ?044)

leh {hd prefke jk 4:0 .lkgze k t{drkgzd" hbink| pdrd ?04: .crable 4"'

Crable 46 Od|k Dzbqd jk Lehp{zdjerk| ge Ord|bi

Leh rkide de qei{hk jk qkgjd|) {h k|z{je prej{vbje pkid Bgzkrgdzbegdi Jdzd LerperdzbegOrd|bi BJL Ord|bi; leg|zdze{ t{k) ge zkrlkbre zrbhk|zrk jk ?044) aerdh qkgjbje|) ge Ord|bi) 2; hbilehp{zdjerk| d hdb| je t{k ge Fdpe) e t{k akv leh t{k e Ord|bi dildgd||k d zkrlkbrd pe|be gerdgmbgc h{gjbdi je hkrldje jk lehp{zdjerk|) dzr| dpkgd| jd Lnbgd k je| K|zdje| [gbje|'

Dpk|dr je lrk|lbhkgze jd prkakrglbd je| leg|{hbjerk| pkie| lehp{zdjerk| perzzkb|.gezkoeem| k zdoikz|") t{k rkprk|kgzdh) dz{dihkgzk) lkrld jk ;0+ je hkrldje jk lehp{zdjerk| geOrd|bi) e| jk|mzep| lehp{zdjerk| jk hk|d dbgjd |e qb|ze| lehe d hkiner epe pdrd dzbqbjdjk|t{k prberbvdh e{zrd| t{k|zk| t{k ge d {|dobibjdjk k d heobibjdjk) prbglbpdb| qdgzdckg| bhpe|zd|pkie| perzzkb|' E| jk|mzep| jk|zdldh(|k dbgjd t{dgje {zbibvdje|) per k~khpie) lehe |krqbjerk|1)crdd| |{d reo{|zkv) a{glbegdibjdjk t{k rkprk|kgzd d bhkg|d hdberbd je| lehp{zdjerk| kh {|e k t{k

rk|peg|qki pkid hdg{zkge jd bgzkrgkz k pkid ne|pkjdckh jk |bzk| jeh|zble| k lerperdzbqe|'E{zrd| qdgzdckg| t{k e| jk|mzep| dprk|kgzdh kh rkide de| gezkoeem| |e6 d krcegehbd) pdrd

t{kh e| {zbibvd per iegce| pkreje| k d l{|zehbvde jd |{d legabc{rde) dzrdkgzk pdrd e| hkrldje|jk fece| k jk hegzdckh k hdg{zkge jk lehp{zdjerk|' Dih jk hdgzkrkh e hkrldje jk jk|mzep|dt{klbje) k||d| qdgzdckg| zdhoh legzrbo{kh jk aerhd |bcgbabldzbqd pdrd d k~pdg|e je| hkrldje|jk lehpegkgzk| {zbibvdje| gd hegzdckh je| lehp{zdjerk|'

: Pk|t{b|d Dg{di je [|e jk Zklgeiecbd jk Bgaerhde .?044") rkdibvdjd pkie Lkgzre jk Zklgeiecbd Dpibldjd jd A{gjdeCkzibe Qdrcd| ACQ ( nzzp6%%kdk|p'acq|p'or%|bzk|%kdk|p'acq|p'or%abik|%CQpk|tZB?044PPZ'pja; K|z{je Ordvbi T{drzkri PL Zrdlmkr) jd BJL Ord|bi Khprk|d preqkjerd jk pk|t{b|d| jk hkrldje rkidzbqd| rkd jk

Zklgeiecbd jd Bgaerhde' ( nzzp6%%sss'bjlidzbg'leh%gks|'d|p5lzr8ord!kdr8?044!bjUrkikd|k8?4001 Lehp{zdjer |krqbjer6 Zrdzd(|k jk {h lehp{zdjer t{k dprk|kgzd {hd legabc{rde reo{|zd t{k e pkrhbzk aergklkrrkl{r|e| pdrd e| jkhdb| lehp{zdjerk| jk {hd rkjk'


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[h je| lehpegkgzk| bgzkrge| jk {h lehp{zdjer t{k hkrklk hdb| dzkge) khoerd gdhdberbd jd| qkvk| |kfd gkcibckglbdje per t{kh e {zbibvd) d aegzk jk dibhkgzde .abc{rd 4")jb|pe|bzbqe jk qbzdi bhperzglbd per |kr rk|peg|qki pkie aergklbhkgze jk kgkrcbd pdrd t{k e| jkhdb|jb|pe|bzbqe| je lehp{zdjer a{glbegkh lerrkzdhkgzk'

Abc{rd 4 Aegzk jk Dibhkgzde pdrd Lehp{zdjer

D aegzk jk dibhkgzde zkh e pdpki jk legqkrzkr d lerrkgzk dizkrgdjd) aergklbjd pkidLeglk||begrbd jk Kgkrcbd Kizrbld) kh lerrkgzk legzg{d) hdb| dpreprbdjd de a{glbegdhkgze jkkt{bpdhkgze| kikzrgble|) lehe e lehp{zdjer' K||d legqkr|e gklk||rbd pert{k d lerrkgzkdizkrgdjd pe||{b e|lbidk| kh |k{ l{r|e) dih jk {hd dizd qeizdckh) preprbkjdjk| t{k khoerdpkrhbzdh e pkrl{r|e jk iegce| zrdfkze| jd| {|bgd| | rk|bjglbd| |kh crdgjk| pkrjd|) ge |ebgjbldjd| pdrd d dibhkgzde jk kt{bpdhkgze| kikzrgble|) hdb| |kg|qkb| d qdrbdk| jk zkg|e kl{rze|(lbrl{bze|'

Khoerd a{gjdhkgzdi pdrd e oeh a{glbegdhkgze je lehp{zdjer k jk |k{| jkhdb|lehpegkgzk| bgzkrge|) d aegzk jk dibhkgzde) zrdjblbegdihkgzk) ge ikqdjd kh leg|bjkrde gehehkgze jd lehprd e{ gd hegzdckh jk {h lehp{zdjer' B||e elerrk pert{k e{zre| lehpegkgzk|lehe d arkt{glbd je prelk||djer) d t{dgzbjdjk jk hkhrbd) e qei{hk jk drhdvkgdhkgze je jb|le

rcbje k d ldpdlbjdjk jd pidld jk qjke) dih jk |krkh hdb| zrdg|pdrkgzk| de {|{rbe abgdi) zkh hdberdpkie lehkrlbdi) kgt{dgze d aegzk jk dibhkgzde) e leho{|zqki pdrd t{k zeje| k||k| e{zre|lehpegkgzk| a{glbegkh lerrkzdhkgzk) dz{d prdzbldhkgzk bhpkrlkpzqki'

E| bhpdlze| jd {zbibvde jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde prefkzdjd| |kh d prkel{pde djkt{djdleh e| rkt{b|bze| jk |kc{rdgd k jk|khpkgne pejkh |kr leg|zdzdje| per jdge| |djk k depdzrbhgbe je| leg|{hbjerk| k de hkbe(dhobkgzk' E| rb|le| hdb| leh{g| |e6 e |{pkrdt{klbhkgzek%e{ d k~pie|e jd| aegzk|) t{k pejk preqeldr akrbhkgze| k t{kbhdj{rd|= e| jdge| de| jkhdb|lehpegkgzk| je lehp{zdjer k e jk|pkrjlbe jk kgkrcbd) t{k preqeld {h prkf{ve kleghble pdrd eleg|{hbjer k pdrd d hdzrbv kgkrczbld ord|bikbrd) dih jk bhpdlze| dhobkgzdb| jklerrkgzk| je hd{ {|ejd kgkrcbd ckrdjd k jb|zrbo{jd'

Gk||k legzk~ze) pkrlkok(|k ge hkrldje {hd jk|legabdgd d rk|pkbze jd t{dibjdjk jd| aegzk|jk dibhkgzde lehkrlbdibvdjd| ge pd|) t{k pejk |kr k~khpibabldjd) d |kc{br) per rkidze| jkleg|{hbjerk| t{k kgzrdrdh kh legzdze leh d E{qbjerbd je Bghkzre6

Oeh jbd' Ce|zdrbd jk |eiblbzdr de Bghkzre d dqdibde jk prej{ze| jk|bcgdje| lehe /aegzk|jk lehp{zdjerk|/' E| hk|he| k~b|zkh ge hkrldje d prke| t{k qdrbdh jk _*


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Oed zdrjk) kakz{kb d lehprd jk {hd aegzk pdrd lehp{zdjer' Dp| bg|zdidr e prej{ze ge hk{lehp{zdjer) pkrlkob t{k d| zkhpkrdz{rd| k|zdqdh dlbhd je gerhdi' Dorb e ckrkglbdjer jk kgkrcbd klehklkb d pkrlkokr t{k d| qeizdckg| k|zdqdh qdrbdgje dlbhd je gerhdi' Zkgne lkrzkvd t{k k||d

aegzk /ckgrbld/ k ge aergklk d kgkrcbd gkh d t{dibjdjk jk|lrbzd ge |bzk je adorbldgzk k gd ldb~dje prej{ze' Pke {rckgzkhkgzk t{k d| aegzk| pdrd lehp{zdjerk| |kfdh dgdib|djd|) peb| h{bze|leg|{hbjerk| pejkh |kr ik|dje| per k||k| prej{ze|'

Qel| pejkrbdh advkr zk|zk| jk t{dibjdjk leh d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde je| lehp{zdjerk|) ft{k |e pe{ld| d| hdrld| t{k advkh {h prej{ze jklkgzk'

\eiblbze dzrdq| jk|zk) e zk|zk k e |kie je Bghkzre gd| aegzk| jk lehp{zdjerk| ge Ord|bi)jklidrdgje |{d pezglbd rkdi) qb|ze t{k h{bze| {|{rbe| ge Ord|bi zh zbje preoikhd| leh aegzk| t{k/hkgzkh/ d |{d pezglbd kh sdzz|) leieldgje kh rb|le e kt{bpdhkgze je {|{rbe' Zejd| d| aegzk|jkqkrbdh pd||dr per {h zk|zk pdrd lnkldr |{d pezglbd rkdi) d||bh zdiqkv dic{hd| hdrld| t{k gebrkb lbzdr) zehkh qkrcegnd gd ldrd k pdrkh jk kgcdgdr e| leg|{hbjerk|'

Jbdgzk je k~pe|ze) e Bghkzre rk|eiqk{ khprkkgjkr {hd dgib|k kh jbakrkgzk| dhe|zrd| jkaegzk| jk dibhkgzde pdrd lehp{zdjerk| je zbpe jk|mzep) d abh jk qkrbabldr |k k|zd| a{glbegdh jk

aerhd djkt{djd de {|e d t{k |k jk|zbgdh) leh |kc{rdgd k kablbglbd'

K|zk rkidzrbe dprk|kgzd d hkzejeiecbd) d| prbglbpdb| kzdpd| jd dgib|k) d jk|lrbe je| kg|dbe|)e| rk|{izdje| k d legli{|e je Bghkzre |eork e d||{gze k) o{|ld |kr {h bg|zr{hkgze hezbqdjer pdrdbgblbdr {hd jb|l{||e dlkrld jd |kc{rdgd k jd kablbglbd jd| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde lehkrlbdibvdjd|ge Pd|'


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3

;;'' DDHHEE\\ZZ__DD\\ DDGGDDIIBB\\DDJJDD\\D dgib|k aeb prklkjbjd per {hd pk|t{b|d jk hkrldje) rkdibvdjd pkid _kjk Ord|bikbrd jk

Hkzreiecbd Ikcdi k T{dibjdjk ( Bghkzre) leg|zbz{jd pkie| Bg|zbz{ze| jk Pk|e| k Hkjbjd| K|zdj{db|.BPKH|") rce| jkikcdje| je Bghkzre) kh 1 .|kb|" K|zdje| .Dhdvegd|) Odnbd) Hdze Cre||e je \{i)_be jk Fdgkbre) _be Crdgjk je \{i k \e Pd{ie"' D pk|t{b|d kglegzre{ :0 .t{drkgzd" hdrld| jkjbakrkgzk| erbckg| k prke| t{k qdrbdrdh jk _* .ebze"bhperzdjd| k < .zr|" gdlbegdb|'

D zdokid d |kc{br rkidlbegd e| adorbldgzk| k d| hdrld| t{k zbqkrdh dhe|zrd| dgdib|djd|'

Zdokid 4 Hdrld| Dgdib|djd| jk Aegzk| jk Dibhkgzde

Hdrld HejkieAdorbldgzk e{

BhperzdjerErbckh

Pezglbd

Jklidrdjd

.Sdzz|"

Prke

[gbzrbe

._*"

Aeze

L< Zkln :00 _

Leikzkm ( LeikeBgj|zrbd k Lehrlbe

jk Bgaerhzbld)Zkikleh{gbldk| k

Kikzrgbld Izjd'

Ord|bi :00 S _* 410)00

Liegk DZ^ Aik~Aier je Ord|bi Ord|bi 100 S _* 4?2)00

LeeikrHd|zkr

_\(:10(P\D_(F2)00

Ikdjkr|nbp DZ^(:;0S Ikdjkr|nbp Lnbgd :;0 S _* ;0)00

Hkcd Jdzd DZ^(;00S(0>Ai{~ LehrlbeBhperzde kK~perzde

Lnbgd ;00 S _*


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dizkrgdjd .rklkobjd jd rkjk kizrbld") |krbd bgqbqki leg|zr{br aegzk| ibgkdrk| pdrd lehp{zdjerk| pert{kd arkt{glbd jk kgzrdjd h{bze odb~d .10 Nkrzv ge Ord|bi") |kgje gklk||rbd) perzdgze) {hd aegzkh{bze crdgjk k pk|djd'

Jk||d aerhd) d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde {zbibvdjd| ge| lehp{zdjerk| |e d| lndhdjd| jklndqkdjd| jk dizd arkt{glbd) t{k |e h{bze hkgerk|) hdb| ikqk| k leg|{hkh hkge| kgkrcbd je t{kd| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde ibgkdrk|'

D prbglbpdi ldrdlzkr|zbld jd| aegzk| lndqkdjd| e d{hkgze jd arkt{glbd jd lerrkgzk jkkgzrdjd dgzk| t{k |kfd rklkobjd pkie zrdg|aerhdjer .rk|peg|qki pkid rkj{e jd zkg|e jd lerrkgzk dqdierk| dlkbzqkb| pdrd kt{bpdhkgze| kikzrgble|"'

Leg|bjkrdgje t{k ge n gerhd e{ rkc{idhkgze zlgble k|pklable pdrd aegzk| jk dibhkgzdelndqkdjd| k t{k d {zbibvde jk aegzk| t{k ge |kfdh prefkzdjd| leh d prkel{pde lehjkzkrhbgdje| lrbzrbe| jk |kc{rdgd k jk|khpkgne pejk ld{|dr |rbe| prkf{ve| de| leg|{hbjerk| k dehkbe(dhobkgzk) e Bghkzre kidoere{ {hd hkzejeiecbd jk dgib|k t{k zkqk lehe od|k e| |kc{bgzk|kg|dbe|6

1'4' Jk|ldrcd je| Ldpdlbzerk| ge Lbrl{bze Prbhrbe=1'?' _kt{b|bze| Zrhble|=1'


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1'4' Jk|ldrcd je| Ldpdlbzerk| ge Lbrl{bze PrbhrbeJk dlerje leh d BKL 10'2;0(4%4222) d| aegzk| prklb|dh |kr leg|zr{jd| jk aerhd t{k) kh {h

pegze k~zkrge d kid|) e rb|le jk lnet{k kizrble per ldrcd dl{h{idjd kh ldpdlbzerk| legklzdje| delbrl{bze prbhrbe |kfd rkj{vbje' Jk||d hdgkbrd) e kg|dbe dqdibe{ |k d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde aerdhldpdvk| jk k~zbgc{br d ldrcd dl{h{idjd) t{dgje ne{qk) kh dz 4 .{h" |kc{gje dp| e |k{jk|ibcdhkgze'

Kgzkgjk(|k per lbrl{bze prbhrbe d pdrzk je prefkze jd aegzk t{k k|z |bz{djd k|t{krjd jezrdg|aerhdjer .abc{rd ?"' E| ldpdlbzerk| je lbrl{bze prbhrbe zkh d a{ge jk drhdvkgdr d kgkrcbd t{krklkokh jd rkjk kizrbld) legzreidgje d| |{d| qdrbdk|) jk aerhd d kgzrkcdr {h ai{~e jk kgkrcbdk|zqki pdrd e| jkhdb| lehpegkgzk| jd aegzk d kik| legklzdje|'

Abc{rd ? ( Dgdzehbd jd Aegzk jk Dibhkgzde .Prbhrbe k \kl{gjrbe"3

D |kc{br) |e dprk|kgzdje| e| rk|{izdje| jk||k kg|dbe pdrd ldjd aegzk dgdib|djd'

Zdokid ? _k|{izdje| je Kg|dbe jk Jk|ldrcd je| Ldpdlbzerk| je Lbrl{bze Prbhrbe

Hdrld

Zkhpe H~bhe jk Ldrcd

Dl{h{idjd ge| Ldpdlbzerk|

je Lbrl{bze Prbhrbe dp| e

Jk|ibcdhkgze .|kc{gje|"

Zkhpe Eozbje jk Ldrcd

Dl{h{idjd ge| Ldpdlbzerk|

je Lbrl{bze Prbhrbe dp| e

Jk|ibcdhkgze .|kc{gje|"

_k|{izdje

L< Zkln 4| 0| Legaerhk

Liegk 4| 0| Legaerhk

Leeikr Hd|zkr 4| 0| Legaerhk

Ler|dbr 4| 0| Legaerhk

K~zrkdh 4| 0| Legaerhk

Ikdjkr|nbp 4| 0| Legaerhk

Hkcd Jdzd 4| 0| Legaerhk

ELV 4| 0| Legaerhk

\kqkgzkdh 4| 0| Legaerhk

Znkrhdizdmk 4| 0| Legaerhk

Sb|kLd|k 4| 0| Legaerhk

3 Aegzk6 Li{ok je Ndrjsdrk ( nzzp6%%sss'li{okjendrjsdrk'leh'or%a{iibhdck'pnp5bhdck841??;


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44

_k|{izdje6 Zejd| d| hdrld| dgdib|djd| aerdh leg|bjkrdjd| Legaerhk| ge kg|dbe jkJk|ldrcd je| Ldpdlbzerk| je Lbrl{bze Prbhrbe'

1'?' _kt{b|bze| Zrhble|E kg|dbe jk _kt{b|bze| Zrhble| dqdibe{ e lehperzdhkgze jd| pdrzk| a|bld| k dlk||qkb| jd

aegzk jk dibhkgzde) t{dgje |bh{idje e |k{ {|e gerhdi'

Gk||d dqdibde) d| pdrzk| zelqkb| jd aegzk ge jkqkrbdh {izrdpd||dr d zkhpkrdz{rd jk ;0L)jkzkrhbgdjd pkid gerhd zlgbld BKL 10'2;0%4222' Dih jb||e) t{dgje k~pe|ze| d zkhpkrdz{rd| jk {|egerhdi) e| lehpegkgzk| bgzkrge|) lehe per k~khpie) e| hdzkrbdb| pi|zble| k b|eidgzk|) ge jkqkrbdh|earkr jkcrdjdk| kizrbld| k%e{ hklgbld|'


Zdokid < _k|{izdje| je Kg|dbe jk _kt{b|bze| Zrhble|

Hdrld Zkhpkrdz{rd H~bhdjk \kc{rdgd . L"

Zkhpkrdz{rd H~bhdEozbjd ge Kg|dbe . L"

_k|{izdje

L< Zkln ;0 L :1)>? L Legaerhk

Liegk ;0 L :3)4? L Legaerhk

Leeikr Hd|zkr ;0 L :1)0? L Legaerhk

Ler|dbr ;0 L :;)3< L Legaerhk

K~zrkdh ;0 L :;)11 L Legaerhk

Ikdjkr|nbp ;0 L ?>)20 L Legaerhk

Hkcd Jdzd ;0 L :3);; L Legaerhk

ELV ;0 L :;)>? L Legaerhk

\kqkgzkdh ;0 L ::);? L Legaerhk

Znkrhdizdmk ;0 L ::)22 L Legaerhk

Sb|kLd|k ;0 L :;)2< L Legaerhk

_k|{izdje6 Zejd| d| hdrld| dgdib|djd| aerdh leg|bjkrdjd| Legaerhk| ge kg|dbe jk_kt{b|bze| Zrhble|'

1'


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4?


Zdokid : _k|{izdje| je Kg|dbe jk _bcbjkv Jbkizrbld

HdrldQdier Eozbje ge

Kg|dbe .hD"_k|{izdje

L< Zkln :)?3 hD Legaerhk

Liegk 4)41 hD Legaerhk

Leeikr Hd|zkr 0)00 hD Legaerhk

Ler|dbr :)33 hD Legaerhk

K~zrkdh 0)00 hD Legaerhk

Ikdjkr|nbp ;)?0 hD Legaerhk

Hkcd Jdzd 0)?; hD Legaerhk

ELV


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40+ k 400+"' Jk aerhdlehpikhkgzdr) aerdh leg|bjkrdjd| Ge Legaerhk|) d| aegzk| t{k pdrdrdh jk a{glbegdr e{t{kbhdrdh dgzk| jk dzbgcbrkh e| 400+ jk ldrcd'


Zdokid 1 _k|{izdje| je Kg|dbe jk Pezglbd

HdrldPezglbd H~bhd

Jklidrdjd .S"

Pezglbd H~bhd

Eozbjd .S"_k|{izdje

L< Zkln :00)0 S


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4:

Crable ? _k|{izdje| je Kg|dbe jk Pezglbd

1'1 Kablbglbd Kgkrczbld k Adzer jk PezglbdKablbglbd

D kablbglbd kgkrczbld jk {hd aegzk jk dibhkgzde hkjbjd pkid rkide kgzrk d kgkrcbd t{k k~zrdjd jd rkjk kizrbld) kh aerhd jk lerrkgzk dizkrgdjd) k d pdrlkid jk||d kgkrcbd t{k kakzbqdhkgzk aergklbjd de lehp{zdjer) kh aerhd jk lerrkgzk legzg{d' Jk||d aerhd) t{dgze hkgeraer e jk|pkrjlbe jk kgkrcbd gk||k prelk||e jk legqkr|e) hdber |kr d kablbglbd jd aegzk'

Kh rkide de bhpdlze kleghble jd {zbibvde jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde kablbkgzk|) jk|zdld(|k) prbglbpdihkgzk) d rkj{e jd legzd jk i{v pdcd pkie leg|{hbjer' Gk||k legzk~ze) |k leg|bjkrdrhe|

lehe k~khpie) {h lehp{zdjer t{k prklb|d jk 0Pi{|) d| t{k dprk|kgzdh) pkie hkge|) >0+

.ebzkgzd per lkgze" jk kablbglbd kh zeje| gqkb| jk ldrcd dpibldje| .?0+) ;0+ k 400+"'


15/33

4;

K||k Precrdhd) dz{dihkgzk) djezdje per jbqkr|e| pd|k|) bgli{bgje) Fdpe) K|zdje| [gbje|)Zdbsdg) Ldgdj k d [gbe K{repbd'

o" Pdjre DZ^4?Q ?'?'Jkgzrk e| jbqkr|e| pdjrk| jk prefkze k~b|zkgzk| pdrd aegzk| jk dibhkgzde) |kh jqbjd

dic{hd) e t{k hdb| |k jk|zdld pkid |{d rkprk|kgzdzbqbjdjk ge hkrldje jk bgaerhzbld) e Pdjre

DZ^4?Q ?'?' .Djqdglkj Zklngeiec K~zkgjkj") jk|kgqeiqbje kh 422;) pkid h{izbgdlbegdi BgzkiLerperdzbeg rkakrglbd h{gjbdi kh zklgeiecbd'

Dih jd| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde) e Pdjre DZ^ zdhoh k|zdokiklk k|pklbabldk| pdrd pidld|(hk k cdobgkzk| jk lehp{zdjerk|) jkabgbgje d|pklze| lehe d| |{d| jbhkg|k| k d| legk~k| kgzrkkik|' D hdber qdgzdckh jd {zbibvde jk {h pdjre jk prefkze d perzdobibjdjk jk lehpegkgzk|) e{|kfd) d cdrdgzbd jk t{k {h lehp{zdjer pejk |kr adorbldje leh d {zbibvde jk lehpegkgzk| jkjbqkr|d| hdrld| k adorbldgzk|) lehpdzqkb| kgzrk |b) per dzkgjkrkh de| rkt{b|bze| jkabgbje| gk||kpdjre'

E pdjre DZ^ dz{dihkgzk djezdje per hdb| jk 20+ .geqkgzd per lkgze" je hkrldje jk

aegzk| jk dibhkgzde k dprk|kgzd) jkgzrk d| |{d| k|pklbabldk| jk kablbglbd) lrbzrbe| hgbhe| krklehkgjqkb| pdrd e| gjblk| jk kablbglbd jd| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde) jk dlerje leh e gqki jk ldrcddpibldje' E Pdjre zdhoh rklehkgjd t{k d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde dprk|kgzkh {hd kablbglbdhgbhd jk >0+ .ebzkgzd per lkgze" ge hehkgze kh t{k |e hdb| k~bcbjd|'

Jk||k heje) ikqdgje kh leg|bjkrde k||d| rkakrglbd|) e Bghkzre {zbibve{) gd hkzejeiecbd jddgib|k kh t{k|ze) e hk|he pdrhkzre jk >0+ .ebzkgzd per lkgze" jk kablbglbd) pdrd e bgzkrqdie jk?0+ .qbgzk per lkgze" d 400+ .lkh per lkgze" je gqki jk ldrcd jd| aegzk|'

_k||dizd(|k) dbgjd) t{kd ge eo|krqglbd jk||k| lrbzrbe| pejk ld{|dr jk|jk zrdqdhkgze| k drkj{e je jk|khpkgne je| jkhdb| lehpegkgzk| je lehp{zdjer) dz e |{pkrdt{klbhkgze jd aegzk k

{hd leg|kt{kgzk t{kbhd k%e{ k~pie|e jk||k| lehpegkgzk|'


Zdokid 3 _k|{izdje| je Kg|dbe jk Kablbglbd Kgkrczbld

Hdrld

Kablbglbd .Hgbhe K|pkrdje6 >0+" _k|{izdje

Kablbglbd

.?0+ jk

ldrcd"

Kablbglbd

.:0+ jk

ldrcd"

Kablbglbd

.10+ jk

ldrcd"

Kablbglbd

.>0+ jk

ldrcd"

Kablbglbd

.400+ jk

ldrcd"

L< Zkln 33)>0+ >0)>0+ 3>)1>+ 3:+ & Ge Legaerhk

Liegk 34+ & & Ge Legaerhk

Leeikr Hd|zkr 3:)2>+ 31)2;+ 33)33+ 3;):);1+ 33)+ 3?)3:+ & Ge Legaerhk

Ikdjkr|nbp 11)>4+ 3;):)>>+ >:)>4)0)>0+ Legaerhk

\kqkgzkdh 33)44+ 33)02+ 3;);0+ 30)?3+ & Ge Legaerhk

Znkrhdizdmk >?):;+ >?):;+ >4)2?+ >0)?3+ 3>)


16/33

41

_k|{izdje6 Jd| 44 .egvk" hdrld| dgdib|djd|) 2 .geqk" aerdh leg|bjkrdjd| Ge Legaerhk| gekg|dbe jk Kablbglbd Kgkrczbld'

Ldok rk||dizdr t{k) khoerd leg|bjkrdjd Ge Legaerhk kh rkide hkzejeiecbd {zbibvdjdpkie Bghkzre) per dprk|kgzdr gjblk| jk kablbglbd dodb~e jk >0+) d hdrld Leeikr Hd|zkrl{hprb{ e gjblk hgbhe jk kablbglbd jklidrdje kh |{d khodidckh .30+") a{glbegdgje

dlbhd jk||k qdier kh zeje| e| gqkb| jk ldrcd dpibldje|' F d hdrld Ikdjkr|nbp) bc{dihkgzkleg|bjkrdjd Ge Legaerhk kh rkide hkzejeiecbd jd dgib|k k t{k zdhoh jklidre{ d|{d kablbglbd hgbhd .1;+") l{hprb{ e t{k jklidre{) pkie hkge| dz e pkgizbhe gqki jkldrcd dpibldje .>0+") eld|be kh t{k d aegzk t{kbhe{) bhpkjbgje d legzbg{de jdhkjbe'

E crable


17/33

43

E Adzer jk Pezglbd k|z lehprkkgjbje kgzrk 0 .vkre" k 4 .{h") e{ |kfd) kgzrk 0+ k 400+.lkh per lkgze"' Jk||k heje) gjblk| kikqdje| jk Adzer jk Pezglbd) e{ |kfd) pr~bhe| d 4 .{h")he|zrdh t{k pe{ld kgkrcbd rkdzbqd k|z |kgje leg|{hbjd) kh rkide kgkrcbd dzbqd) bgjbldgje e {|ekablbkgzk jd kgkrcbd kizrbld' \{pegje t{k {hd aegzk jk dibhkgzde dprk|kgzk {h adzer jk pezglbd jk0);0 .;0+") b||e |bcgbabld jbvkr t{k dpkgd| hkzdjk jd kgkrcbd aergklbjd pkid Khprk|d Leglk||begrbdjk Kgkrcbd Kizrbld kakzbqdhkgzk dpreqkbzdjd per k||d aegzk'

E leg|{hbjer abgdi ge bhpdlzdje jbrkzdhkgzk per {h odb~e adzer pezglbd f t{k pdcddpkgd| pkid t{dgzbjdjk jk kgkrcbd kakzbqdhkgzk leg|{hbjd' Per e{zre idje) jk aerhd bgjbrkzd k gehkge| rkikqdgzk) {hd jd| leg|kt{glbd| jk||k jk|pkrjlbe e prke je mSn .t{biesdzz(nerd" {gbjdjk t{k k~prk||d d kgkrcbd leg|{hbjd kh {h jkzkrhbgdje pkreje leordje pkid Khprk|dLeglk||begrbd jk Kgkrcbd Kizrbld) t{k pejkrbd |kr hdb| odrdze) ld|e d jb|zrbo{be jk kgkrcbd rkdzbqdae||k hkger'

Per k||k hezbqe) rklehkgjqki d {zbibvde jk aegzk| t{k pe||{dh {h lbrl{bze jk Lerrkejk Adzer jk Pezglbd' K||k hkldgb|he) t{k zkh per eofkzbqe hdgzkr e Adzer jk Pezglbd kh gqkb|dlkbzqkb|) legnklbje lehe PAL .Peskr Adlzer Lerrklzbeg" k pejk |kr lndhdje jk Dzbqe e{Pd||bqe) jkpkgjkgje je| lehpegkgzk| {zbibvdje| kh |k{ prefkze' Kgt{dgze e PAL Dzbqe leg|kc{khdgzkr e Adzer jk Pezglbd hdber e{ bc{di d 0)2; .2;+") e PAL Pd||bqe ge leg|kc{k dzbgcbr qdierk|h{bze hdberk| je t{k 0)>0 .>0+"' Jk t{dit{kr aerhd) kqbjkgzk t{k e {|e jk t{dit{kr {h jk||k|lbrl{bze| jk lerrke hkiner je t{k d d{|glbd jk {h PAL'

Gk||k legzk~ze) d hkzejeiecbd kidoerdjd pkie Bghkzre leg|bjkre{ e lrbzrbe hgbhe jklegaerhbjdjk jk 0)20 .20+" pdrd e Adzer jk Pezglbd jd| aegzk|) e t{k d k~khpie je kg|dbe jkkablbglbd) k|z dibgndje de gjblk {zbibvdje pkie Precrdhd jk Lkrzbablde >0Pi{|'

bhperzdgzk jk|zdldr t{k) dpk|dr jd {zbibvde jk lrbzrbe| jk legaerhbjdjk leh{g| de|prdzbldje| pkie Precrdhd >0Pi{|) d hkzejeiecbd kidoerdjd pkie Bghkzre ge aeb od|kdjd geprelkjbhkgze jk kg|dbe {zbibvdje per k||k Precrdhd) jbakrbgje kh pdrhkzre| lehe) per k~khpie) d

zkhpkrdz{rd je dhobkgzk k e| gqkb| jk ldrcd kh t{k aerdh rkdibvdje| e| kg|dbe|'


Zdokid > _k|{izdje| je Kg|dbe jk Adzer jk Pezglbd

HdrldAdzer jk Pezglbd

Hgbhe

Adzer jk Pezglbd

H~bhe Eozbje_k|{izdje

L< Zkln 0)20 0):1 Ge Legaerhk

Liegk 0)20 0):> Ge Legaerhk

Leeikr Hd|zkr 0)20 0):1 Ge Legaerhk

Ler|dbr 0)20 0)22 Legaerhk

K~zrkdh 0)20 0);; Ge LegaerhkIkdjkr|nbp 0)20 0):: Ge Legaerhk

Hkcd Jdzd 0)20 0):? Ge Legaerhk

ELV 0)20 0)22 Legaerhk

\kqkgzkdh 0)20 0);1 Ge Legaerhk

Znkrhdizdmk 0)20 0)22 Legaerhk

Sb|kLd|k 0)20 0);: Ge Legaerhk

_k|{izdje6 Jd| 44 .egvk" hdrld| dgdib|djd|) > .ebze" aerdh leg|bjkrdjd| Ge Legaerhk|ge kg|dbe jk Adzer jk Pezglbd'


18/33

4>

1'3 K|zdobibjdjk jd| Zkg|k|D| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde lndqkdjd| |e prefkzdjd| pdrd hegbzerdr leg|zdgzkhkgzk d| |{d|

prprbd| zkg|k| jk |djd) rklegabc{rdgje e |k{| qdierk|) |k gklk||rbe) qb|dgje cdrdgzbr t{k k||d||djd| |khprk aergkdh d| |{d| zkg|k| lerrkzd|' E Pdjre DZ^4?Q ?'? k|zdokiklk {hd hdrckh jkzeikrglbd jk ;+ pdrd d| zkg|k| pe|bzbqd| .-;Q) - -;Q\O6 K||d ibgnd jk zkg|e rk|peg|qki per hdgzkr e lehp{zdjer kh \zdgjo .heje jk k|pkrd e{ jk|ldg|e"' \k{

a{glbegdhkgze od|kbd(|k gd dibhkgzde pkrhdgkgzk jk jkzkrhbgdje| lbrl{bze| epkrdlbegdb|) hk|he t{dgje d| jkhdb|ibgnd| jk zkg|e kglegzrdh(|k bgdzbqd|' Per k||d rdve) pe||qki t{k e lehp{zdjer pkrhdgkd ibcdje) kgt{dgze e{zre|jb|pe|bzbqe| lehe e jb|le rcbje) per k~khpie) k|ze jk|dzbqdje|'


19/33

42

1'> Gqki jk E|lbide%_{je ._bppik"

D| zkg|k| jk |djd jk {hd aegzk jk dibhkgzde ge |e pkrakbzdhkgzk legzg{d|' B||e|bcgbabld t{k pejkh dprk|kgzdr dic{hd| e|lbidk| legaerhk d ldrcd {zbibvdjd' E| qdierk| jk pblejk||d| e|lbidk| |e lndhdje| jk r{je|'

D| zdokid| d |kc{br dprk|kgzdh e| gqkb| h~bhe| jk e|lbide%r{je rklehkgjdje| pkie

Pdjre DZ^4?Q?'?' k e| rk|{izdje| eozbje| per ldjd aegzk dgdib|djd'

Zdokid 44 Gqkb| H~bhe| jk _{je%E|lbide .Pdjre DZ^4?Q"

Zkg|e jk \djd _{je%E|lbide ._bppik"

- 4?Q 4?0 hQ

- ;Q ;0 hQ

-


20/33

33 __KK\\[[IIZZDDJJEE CCKK__DDIIZdokid 4< _k|{izdje Ckrdi

Hdrld

Jk|ldrcd je|

Ldpdlbzerk|

ge Lbrl{bze

Prbhrbe

_kt{b|bze|

Zrhble|

_bcbjkv

Jbkizrbld

Lerrkgzk

Do|erqbjdPezglbd Kablbglbd

Adzer jk

Pezglbd

L< Zkln Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk LegaerhkGe

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Liegk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk LegaerhkGe

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Leeikr Hd|zkr Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk LegaerhkGe

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ler|dbr Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk

K~zrkdh Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk LegaerhkGe

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ikdjkr|nbp Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk LegaerhkGe

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Hkcd Jdzd Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk LegaerhkGe

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

ELV Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk

\kqkgzkdh Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk LegaerhkGe

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Znkrhdizdmk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk Legaerhk

Sb|kLd|k Legaerhk Legaerhk Legaerhk LegaerhkGe

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk

Ge

Legaerhk


21/33

?4

>> JJBB\\LL[[\\\\EE JJEE\\ __KK\\[[IIZZDDJJEE\\Pdrd e| kg|dbe| jk Jk|ldrcd je| Ldpdlbzerk| ge Lbrl{bze Prbhrbe) _kt{b|bze| Zrhble|)

_bcbjkv Jbkizrbld k Lerrkgzk Do|erqbjd) d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde dgdib|djd| dprk|kgzdrdhLegaerhbjdjk kh rkide gerhd BKL 10'2;0(4%4222 ._kt{b|bze| Ckrdb| jk \kc{rdgd jkKt{bpdhkgze| jk Zklgeiecbd jd Bgaerhde"' Per e{zre idje) ge| kg|dbe| jk Pezglbd) Kablbglbd)

Adzer jk Pezglbd) K|zdobibjdjk jd| Zkg|k| k E|lbide%_{je) d hdber pdrzk jd| hdrld| dprk|kgze{Ge Legaerhbjdjk| t{k pejkh eld|begdr rb|le| |djk k |kc{rdgd je leg|{hbjer k de hkbe(dhobkgzk'

Ge t{k jbv rk|pkbze de kg|dbe jk pezglbd) > .ebze" aegzk| aerdh rkpreqdjd| pert{k gedzbgcbrdh d pezglbd t{k jklidrdrdh kh |{d| khodidckg|) k|zdgje |{ojbhkg|begdjd|' Aerdh kid|6L0+.ebzkgzd per lkgze" pdrd d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde) jk dlerje leh d| rklehkgjdk| je PdjreDZ^4?Q ?'?' k je Precrdhd jk Lkrzbablde >0Pi{|'

Ge kgzdgze) ? .j{d|" hdrld| t{k aerdh rkpreqdjd| l{hprbrdh e gjblk hgbhe jk kablbglbd

jklidrdje kh |{d| khodidckg|' D Leeikr Hd|zkr l{hprb{ leh e| 30+ .|kzkgzd per lkgze" jkkablbglbd t{k jklidre{) j{rdgzk zeje| e| gqkb| jk ldrcd dpibldje| .?0+ d 400+"' F d Ikdjkr|nbp)t{k jklidre{ {hd kablbglbd jk 1;+) l{hprb{ e jklidrdje dpkgd| dz >0+ .ebzkgzd per lkgze" jkldrcd) t{dgje t{kbhe{'

Dih jb||e) bhperzdgzk hkglbegdr t{k 3 .|kzk" jd| 44 .egvk" hdrld| dgdib|djd| gepe||{dh t{dit{kr jklidrde jk kablbglbd kh |{d| khodidckg|) e t{k qdb legzrd de Ljbce jkPrezke k Jkak|d je Leg|{hbjer .Ikb >'03>%4220") t{k jkzkrhbgd t{k d| bgaerhdk| je| prej{ze| k|krqbe| lehkrlbdibvdje| jkqkh |kr lidrd|) prklb|d| k kh igc{d perz{c{k|d'

Ge kg|dbe jk Adzer jk Pezglbd) > .ebze" aegzk| aerdh leg|bjkrdjd| Ge Legaerhk|' K||d| GeLegaerhbjdjk| bgjbldh {h hd{ dpreqkbzdhkgze jd kgkrcbd leg|{hbjd) zkgje lehe leg|kt{glbd

jk||k jk|pkrjlbe e prke prdzbldje ge Ord|bi pdrd e mSn .t{biesdzz(nerd") t{k pejkrbd |kr hkgerld|e e dpreqkbzdhkgze jd kgkrcbd ae||k hdber jk {hd hdgkbrd ckrdi' Gk||d dgib|k) per k~khpie)qkrbable{(|k ld|e| kh t{k e jk|pkrjlbe jk kgkrcbd lnkce{ d ;>+'

Ge kg|dbe jk K|zdobibjdjk jd| Zkg|k|) ? .j{d|" hdrld| aerdh rkpreqdjd|) d L


22/33

??

22 PPEE\\BBLLBBEEGGDDHHKKGGZZEE JJEE\\ AADDOO__BBLLDDGGZZKK\\%%BBHHPPEE__ZZDDJJEE__KK\\

LL


23/33

?0+'

E{zre rk|{izdje t{k hkrklk dzkge e je Adzer jk Pezglbd) t{k eozbje pkid rkide kgzrk dkgkrcbd dzbqd k d kgkrcbd dpdrkgzk' Kgt{dgze d kgkrcbd dzbqd d t{k prej{v zrdodine) lehe ea{glbegdhkgze jk hezerk|) d kgkrcbd dpdrkgzk d |ehd jd kgkrcbd dzbqd leh d rkdzbqd) dt{kid t{kge prej{v zrdodine khoerd |kfd bhperzdgzk pdrd e ai{~e hdcgzble jd| oeobgd| je| kt{bpdhkgze|'

D||bh) zkgje |bje jkabgbje pkid hkzejeiecbd jk||d dgib|k e gjblk hgbhe jk 0)20 .20+" jk Adzerjk Pezglbd) d aegzk jk dibhkgzde lehkrlbdibvdjd per |{d khprk|d aeb leg|bjkrdjd Ge Legaerhkper dprk|kgzdr e gjblk jk 0):1' B||e |bcgbabld t{k dpkgd| :1+ jd kgkrcbd aergklbjd pkid Khprk|dLeglk||begrbd jk Kgkrcbd Kizrbld aeb kakzbqdhkgzk dpreqkbzdjd'

[hd jd| leg|kt{glbd| jk||k jk|pkrjlbe jk kgkrcbd e prke je t{biesdzz(nerd .{gbjdjk t{kk~prk||d d kgkrcbd leg|{hbjd kh {h jkzkrhbgdje pkreje" leordje je| leg|{hbjerk| pkidKhprk|d Leglk||begrbd jk Kgkrcbd Kizrbld) t{k pejkrbd |kr hdb| odrdze ld|e d jb|zrbo{be jkkgkrcbd rkdzbqd ae||k hkger'


24/33

?:

LLiieeggkk ..AAddoorrbbllddggzzkk66AAiikk~~AAiieerr jjee OOrrdd||bbii""

Hkjbdgzk e| rk|{izdje| dprk|kgzdje| ge| kg|dbe|) k|zdhe| dlbegdgje e adorbldgzk je prej{ze gdLnbgd pdrd t{k d| jkqbjd| dk| jk dprbherdhkgze jd| ge legaerhbjdjk| |kfdh zehdjd|'

BBgghhkkzzrree66 _k||dizd(|k d bgzkge jd khprk|d jk {zbibvdr d| bgaerhdk| eozbjd| gd dgib|k pdrdpreheqkr hkinerbd| ge |k{ prej{ze) k|pklbdihkgzk ge t{k |k rkakrk Pezglbd) Kablbglbd) de

Adzer jk Pezglbd k E|lbide%_{je eo|krqdje| ge| kg|dbe|) e t{k k|z jk dlerje leh e|eofkzbqe| je Precrdhd jk Dgib|k jk Prej{ze|'

KK~~zzrrkkddhh ..BBhhppeerrzzddjjeerr66 ZZddggzzrrbb~~ BBggjj||zzrrbbdd kk LLeehhrrllbbee jjkk KKiikkzzrree((kkiikkzzrrggbbllee|| IIzzjjdd''""

_klkokhe| e rk|{izdje rkdibvdje gd aegzk jk lehp{zdjer lehkrlbdibvdjd per ge||d khprk|d k dhk|hd aeb lid||babldjd lehe ge legaerhk kh dic{g| bzkg| jk dlerje leh hkzejeiecbd lrbdjd perQ'\d|' Pkie t{k pe||qki gezdr je zk|zk rkdibvdje e pdjre {zbibvdje aeb e jk {hd kablbglbd dlbhd jk>0+) ge kgzdgze e qdier hgbhe t{k d k|pklbablde DZ^ qkr|e ?'? jkzkrhbgd t{k k|zd kablbglbd|kfd dlbhd jk 30+'

D||bh) d aegzk per g| lehkrlbdibvdjd k|z kh pikgd legaerhbjdjk leh e pdjre bgzkrgdlbegdi DZ^?'?) gble pdjre k~b|zkgzk dz e hehkgze'

_k||dizd(|k ge |kr pe||qki dpibldr gd aegzk per g| lehkrlbdibvdjd e hk|he zk|zk dpibldje khaegzk| >0Pi{|) peb| ge pdjre >0Pi{| k|pkrd(|k {hd kablbglbd jk ge hgbhe >0+ k b||e ge dpiblqki d ge||d aegzk) peb| kid ge {hd aegzk leh k|pklbablde >0Pi{|' Jk|zd aerhd) ge

pejkhe| leglerjdr leh d hkzejeiecbd t{k pdrklk zkr |bje dpibldje ge zk|zk rkdibvdje pkie Bghkzre'

Jk|zdld(|k t{k pdrd t{k d aegzk |kfd lid||babldjd lehe DZ^ ?'?) legaerhk pdjre bgzkrgdlbegdi) get{k jbv rk|pkbze d kablbglbd) d aegzk jkqk dprk|kgzdr {h crd{ dlbhd jk 30+) |kgje lkrze t{k ge zk|zk

rkdibvdje per Q'\d|' d aegzk |khprk rk|pkbze{ k|zk pkrlkgz{di'

_dzbabldhe| t{k |khprk |kc{bhe| e pdjre bgzkrgdlbegdi DZ^ ?'?) arb|k(|k) e gble k~b|zkgzk) dz dprk|kgzk jdzd) |kgje lkrze) ge kgzdgze) ge ge| epehe| d a{z{rd gerhd zlgbld kqkgz{dihkgzk d |krjkabgbjd pkie Bghkzre' Kgzrkzdgze bhperzdgzk t{k |kfdh k|pklbabldjd| gerhd| jbakrkglbdjd| pdrdldjd zbpe jk aegzk) qb|ze ge |kr zklgbldhkgzk ldoqki d djee jk {h pdjre gble'

De ge||e qkr) d pezglbd t{k aeb eozbjd pkie zk|zk je Bghkzre) he|zrd t{k d aegzk erd zk|zdjd pejk zkrzbje dic{h preoikhd j{rdgzk| e| zk|zk| t{k ge lerrk|pegjk d rkdibjdjk je prej{ze) qb|ze t{k egjblk jk rkzerge jk|zk prej{ze prdzbldhkgzk g{ie e{ pkie adze t{k e Bghkzre kh |k{| zk|zk| zkrdjezdje {hd hkzejeiecbd jbakrkgzk pdrd |k lnkcdr d k|zk qdier'

Kh |gzk|k6

4" Jb|lerjdhe| lehd d hkzejeiecbd {zbibvdjd ge| zk|zk| rkdibvdje| pkie Bghkzre) qb|ze t{k gedpiblqki aegzk per g| lehkrlbdibvdjd'

?" _dzbabldhe| t{k zejd| d| bgaerhdk| rkpd||djd| de| leg|{hbjerk| |k od|kbdh ge| pdjrk|jkabgbje| bgzkrgdlbegdihkgzk pkie pdjre DZ^ ?'?) gble k~b|zkgzk'


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BBgghhkkzzrree66 Kh rkide Kablbglbd Kgkrczbld) jbdgzk jd bgk~b|zglbd jk gerhd e{ rkc{idhkgze zlgblek|pklable pdrd aegzk| jk dibhkgzde) d hkzejeiecbd jkabgbjd pkie Bghkzre k|zdokiklk{ lehepdrhkzre jk legaerhbjdjk e gjblk hgbhe jk >0+ jk kablbglbd) e t{k |bcgbabld jbvkr) t{k aerdhleg|bjkrdjd| Ge Legaerhk| d| aegzk| t{k dprk|kgzdrdh qdierk| dodb~e jk||k pdrhkzre) kh t{dit{kr{h je| gqkb| jk ldrcd dpibldje|'

T{dgze k|pklbablde DZ^4?Q ?'?') rk||dizdhe| t{k e qdier hgbhe pdrd d kablbglbd 30+' Gekgzdgze) k||k pdjre rklehkgjd t{k d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde |kfdh prefkzdjd| pdrd eozkr {hdkablbglbd hgbhd jk >0+) t{dgje |{ohkzbjd| d {hd ldrcd zpbld) e{ |kfd) jk ;0+'

Dih jb||e) d kablbglbd hgbhd jk >0+ zdhoh {zbibvdjd lehe pdrhkzre pkie Precrdhd >0Pi{|)jk|kgqeiqbje pkid Kle| Leg|{izbgc) djezdje per jbqkr|e| pd|k| k t{k zkh per eofkzbqe prbglbpdi ebglkgzbqe de jk|kgqeiqbhkgze jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde kablbkgzk|'

Ikqdgje kh leg|bjkrde k||d| rkakrglbd|) e Bghkzre {zbibve{ gd hkzejeiecbd jd dgib|k kh t{k|zee hk|he pdrhkzre pdrd e bgzkrqdie jk ?0+ d 400+ je gqki jk ldrcd jd| aegzk|'

Jk||d hdgkbrd) d aegzk jk dibhkgzde lehkrlbdibvdjd per |{d khprk|d aeb leg|bjkrdjd Ge

Legaerhk) kh rkide kablbglbd) per dprk|kgzdr gjblk| bgakrberk| de| jkabgbje| gd hkzejeiecbddjezdjd' Dih jb||e) gd khodidckh je prej{ze dgdib|dje k~b|zk d bgaerhde jk t{k d aegzk pe||{b{hd kablbglbd hgbhd jk 30+ jk |{d ldrcd zezdi) d aegzk t{kbhe{ k ge dzbgcb{ e qdier jklidrdje'

Ge t{k |k rkakrk Pezglbd) d aegzk dgdib|djd aeb leg|bjkrdjd Ge Legaerhk per ge dzbgcbr dpezglbd h~bhd jklidrdjd kh |{d khodidckh) zkgje t{kbhdje k) leg|kt{kgzkhkgzk) jkb~dje jka{glbegdr lerrkzdhkgzk) t{dgje k~pe|zd d {h gqki jk ldrcd jk >0+'

E{zre rk|{izdje t{k hkrklk dzkge e je Adzer jk Pezglbd) t{k eozbje pkid rkide kgzrk d kgkrcbddzbqd k d kgkrcbd dpdrkgzk' Kgt{dgze d kgkrcbd dzbqd d t{k prej{v zrdodine) lehe per k~khpie) e

a{glbegdhkgze jk hezerk|) d kgkrcbd dpdrkgzk d |ehd jd kgkrcbd dzbqd leh d rkdzbqd) dt{kid t{k geprej{v zrdodine khoerd |kfd bhperzdgzk pdrd e ai{~e hdcgzble jd| oeobgd| je| kt{bpdhkgze|'

D||bh) zkgje |bje jkabgbje pkid hkzejeiecbd jk||d dgib|k e gjblk hgbhe jk 0)20 jk Adzer jkPezglbd) d aegzk jk dibhkgzde lehkrlbdibvdjd per |{d khprk|d aeb leg|bjkrdjd Ge Legaerhk perdprk|kgzdr e gjblk jk 0);;' B||e |bcgbabld jbvkr t{k dpkgd| ;;+ jd kgkrcbd kizrbld aergklbjd pkidKhprk|d Leglk||begrbd jk Kgkrcbd Kizrbld aeb kakzbqdhkgzk dpreqkbzdjd'

[hd jd| leg|kt{glbd| jk||k jk|pkrjlbe jk kgkrcbd e prke je t{biesdzz(nerd {gbjdjk t{kk~prk||d d kgkrcbd leg|{hbjd kh {h jkzkrhbgdje pkreje leordje pkid Khprk|d Leglk||begrbd jkKgkrcbd Kizrbld) t{k pejkrbd |kr hdb| odrdze ld|e d jb|zrbo{be jk kgkrcbd rkdzbqd ae||k hkger'

IIkkddjjkkrr||nnbbpp ..AAddoorrbbllddggzzkk66 IIkkddjjkkrr||nnbbpp""

Qbhe| per hkbe jk|zd dcrdjklkr d eperz{gbjdjk t{k ge| aeb eakrklbjd' Zkhe| lehe jbakrkglbdi |kr{hd khprk|d jbghbld) rkakrglbd kh qdgc{drjd zklgeicbld) k |kr e hdber jb|zrbo{bjer jkdlk||rbe| jk bgaerhzbld je pd|' Kh rkakrglbd de| kg|dbe| rkdibvdje| dabrhdhe| t{k ge||d| Aegzk|jk Dibhkgzde |kc{kh pdjrk| bgzkrgdlbegdb| jk dlerje leh zejd| d| gerhd| k|pklbabldjd|) hd| khrk|pkbze de leg|{hbjer k de Bghkzre brkhe| rkdqdibdr ge||e| prej{ze|) k) |k gklk||rbe) rkdibvdr d|hejbabldk| bgjb|pkg|qkb|'


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BBgghhkkzzrree66 _k||dizd(|k d bgzkge jd khprk|d jk {zbibvdr d| bgaerhdk| eozbjd| gd dgib|k pdrdpreheqkr hkinerbd| ge |k{ prej{ze) k|pklbdihkgzk ge t{k |k rkakrk Pezglbd) Kablbglbd) de Adzerjk Pezglbd k E|lbide%_{je eo|krqdje| ge| kg|dbe|) e t{k k|z jk dlerje leh e| eofkzbqe| jePrecrdhd jk Dgib|k jk Prej{ze|'

HHkkccdd JJddzzdd ..AAddoorrbbllddggzzkk66 AAii{{~~ LLeehhrrllbbee BBhhppeerrzzddee kk KK~~ppeerrzzddee""

Kh rk|pe|zd de rk|{izdje je kg|dbe kgqbdje per k||k rce) k|zdhe| qkrbabldgje d t{dibjdjk jd|aegzk|) peb| ge je bgzkrk||k jd khprk|d ld{|dr jdge| e{ qkgjkr prej{ze| jk odb~d t{dibjdjk de|ge||e| libkgzk|) per zkrhe| ge||e gehk d |kr prk|krqdje ge hkrldje gdlbegdi'

BBgghhkkzzrree66 _k||dizd(|k d bgzkge jd khprk|d jk {zbibvdr d| bgaerhdk| eozbjd| gd dgib|k pdrdpreheqkr hkinerbd| ge |k{ prej{ze) k|pklbdihkgzk ge t{k |k rkakrk Pezglbd) Kablbglbd) deAdzer jk Pezglbd k E|lbide%_{je eo|krqdje| ge| kg|dbe|) e t{k k|z jk dlerje leh e|eofkzbqe| je Precrdhd jk Dgib|k jk Prej{ze|'

EELLVV ..BBhhppeerrzzddjjeerr66 HHbbllrree||kkgg||""

_klkokhe| e rkidzrbe jk a{glbegdhkgze jd Aegzk jk Dibhkgzde ELV k kgzkgjkhe| t{k d hk|hdk|zd a{glbegdgje leh zeje| e| lrbzrbe|) jk dlerje leh d kzbt{kzd bgaerhdzbqd'

BBgghhkkzzrree66 _k||dizd(|k d prkel{pde je adorbldgzk leh e dzkgjbhkgze d rkt{b|bze| rkidzbqe| |djk) |kc{rdgd) de jk|khpkgne k prk|krqde je hkbe(dhobkgzk) e t{k pejk |kr kqbjkglbdje pkidlegaerhbjdjk eozbjd kh zeje| e| kg|dbe| rkdibvdje|'

\\kkqqkkggzzkkddhh ..__kkpprrkk||kkggzzddggzzkk66 SSbbggjj|| LLeehhrrllbbee jjkk BBggaaeerrhhzzbblldd IIzzjjdd''""

PPrrbbhhkkbbrree PPee||bbllbbeeggddhhkkggzzee66

_klkokhe| |k{| id{je| je| kg|dbe| rkdibvdje| leh d aegzk \kqkgzkdh hejkie \Z(:30P(MC kbgaerhe t{k k|zdhe| lneldje| leh e| rk|{izdje| eozbje|'

D \kqkgzkdh dz{d gd rkd jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde pdrd lehp{zdjerk| pk||edb| n hdb| jk ?; dge| kzejd aegzk adorbldjd |eark rbcere|e| zk|zk| dgzk| jk |kr lehkrlbdibvdjd' Ld|e e hejkie ge dzbgfd d|k|pklbabldk|) d hk|hd ge dpreqdjd k ge lehkrlbdibvdjd'

Kh rkide de zk|zk jk kablbglbd jd \Z(:30P(MC) qkrbabldhe| ge id{je t{k d kablbglbd rkt{krbjd jk >0+) perh) e hejkie \Z(:30P(MC ge {h hejkie ge t{di aeb prefkzdje pdrd zkr {hd kablbglbdjk >0+) peb| gklk||rbe zkr e lkrzbabldje jd Kle| Pi{c Iedj \ei{zbeg| .sss'>0pi{|'erc" pdrd t{k

d||bh |kfd jk|zdldje e lkrzbabldje >0 PI[\ gd ldb~d k gd prprbd aegzk' D kablbglbd jklidrdjd pkid\kqkgzkdh pdrd d \Z(:30P(MC jk 1;+'

Perzdgze) ld|e e| kg|dbe| jk kablbglbd rk|{izkh kh rk|{izkh kh qdierk| dlbhd jk 1;+) d||{hbje|t{k ge n bgleg|b|zglbd| ge prefkze jd \Z(:30P(MC kh rkide d kablbglbd' Pdrd k|zk zk|zk) zkhe|e{zre| prej{ze| prefkzdje| pdrd zkrkh e| >0+ jk kablbglbd t{k |krbdh e| hejkie| \Z(;;0PSI;;0S) \Z(3;0V(DA 3;0S k \Z(>;0V(DA >;0S ge t{di |e e| ge||e| prbglbpdb| prej{ze| gehkrldje'

Pkjbhe| kgze {hd rkdqdibde je hejkie \Z(:30P(MC) |kgje t{k jk dlerje leh e| rk|{izdje|eozbje|) pejk zkr |bje {h ld|e b|eidje'


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\\kkcc{{ggjjee PPee||bbllbbeeggddhhkkggzzee66

_klkokhe| {hd rk|pe|zd jd \kqkgzkdh k k|zdhe| kgqbdgje kh dgk~e ? drt{bqe|) e Zk|z _kperz k eZk|zbgc Prelkj{rk'

Gezk t{k ge Zk|z _kperz e hejkie rkcb|zre{ d pezglbd H~bhd Jklidrdjd .:30S"'

D \kqkgzkdh k|z qkrbabldgje t{di |krbd d ld{|d jd aegzk ge k|zdr aergklkgje d pezglbd h~bhd

jklidrdjd ge| zk|zk| je Bghkzre'\eiblbzdhe| kgze {h orkqk zk|zk) legklzdgje zeje| e| legklzerk| ge iedjbgc hdlnbgk lehe aebhkglbegdje ge bzkh ?.Qkfd e |ibjk ; gd pidgbind \kqkgzkdh Zk|zbgc Prelkj{rk'ppz"

BBgghhkkzzrree66 T{dgze rkdibvde je| kg|dbe|) bgaerhdhe| t{k aerdh {zbibvdje| e| |kc{bgzk|bg|zr{hkgze|) jkqbjdhkgzk ldibordje|6 Zk|zdjer jk Ldrcd) E|lbie|lpbe) Jdzdiecckr k NBPEZ'Dih jb||e) k||k| bg|zr{hkgze| aerdh legabc{rdje| k legklzdje| aegzk jk dibhkgzde dgdib|djdjk dlerje leh d| bgaerhdk| k|pklbabldjd| pkie adorbldgzk gd khodidckh je prej{ze'

Ge t{k |k rkakrk de pkjbje jk rkdqdibde je prej{ze kh t{k|ze) rk||dizdhe| t{k e Bghkzre |leglkjk rkdgib|k t{dgje |e lehpreqdje|) gd kzdpd jk pe|blbegdhkgze je| adorbldgzk|) rkcb|zre|

e{ kqbjglbd| jk {h |b|zkhd jk t{dibjdjk per pdrzk je adorbldgzk dgdib|dje) e t{k ge elerrk{ lehd \kqkgzkdh) leh rkide de| kg|dbe| kh dhe|zrd| jd aegzk jk dibhkgzde \Z(:30P(MC'

D hkzejeiecbd kidoerdjd pkie Bghkzre pdrd k||d dgib|k aeb od|kdjd ge {|e leh{h k rezbgkbre jk{hd aegzk jk dibhkgzde' B||e t{kr jbvkr t{k) kh zeje| e| kg|dbe|) aerdh {zbibvdjd| legabc{rdk|t{k |bh{idrdh e {|e rkdi jd| aegzk| pkie leg|{hbjer) kh |k{ lehp{zdjer pk||edi' Jkgzrk k||d|legabc{rdk|) pejkhe| lbzdr e| jbqkr|e| gqkb| jk ldrcd de| t{db| d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde |ek~pe|zd| j{rdgzk {h jkzkrhbgdje pkreje jk {zbibvde= d zkhpkrdz{rd bgzkrgd je lehp{zdjer kha{glbegdhkgze) lehpdzqki leh d rkdibjdjk libhzbld ord|bikbrd) okh lehe d k~bcglbd jd| ibgnd|jk zkg|e jd| aegzk| jk aerhd preperlbegdi |{d a{ge'

Jk||k heje) leg|bjkrdgje d hkzejeiecbd djezdjd) k||d dgib|k leg|bjkre{ d| zkgjglbd| dz{db| jehkrldje jk lehp{zdjerk|) gd hkjbjd kh t{k ne{qk d prkel{pde jk k~bcbr hdb| jd ibgnd jkzkg|e jk 4? qeiz| je t{k jd| jkhdb|) f t{k k||d| |e d| hdb| k~bcbjd|) kh a{ge jk |krkhrk|peg|qkb| pkie a{glbegdhkgze je| jb|pe|bzbqe| hezerk|) lehe e| jrbqk| jk jb|le|) dih je|qkgzbidjerk| bgzkrge|) pidld| jk qjke k dz hk|he e| prelk||djerk|'

Kh rkide Kablbglbd Kgkrczbld) jbdgzk jd bgk~b|zglbd jk gerhd e{ rkc{idhkgze zlgblek|pklable pdrd aegzk| jk dibhkgzde) d hkzejeiecbd jkabgbjd pkie Bghkzre k|zdokiklk{ lehepdrhkzre jk legaerhbjdjk e gjblk hgbhe jk >0+ jk kablbglbd) e t{k |bcgbabld jbvkr) t{k aerdhleg|bjkrdjd| Ge Legaerhk| d| aegzk| t{k dprk|kgzdrdh qdierk| dodb~e jk||k pdrhkzre) kht{dit{kr {h je| gqkb| jk ldrcd dpibldje|'

T{dgze k|pklbablde DZ^4?Q ?'?') rk||dizdhe| t{k e qdier hgbhe pdrd d kablbglbd 30+' Gekgzdgze) k||k pdjre rklehkgjd t{k d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde |kfdh prefkzdjd| pdrd eozkr {hdkablbglbd hgbhd jk >0+) t{dgje |{ohkzbjd| d {hd ldrcd zpbld) e{ |kfd) jk ;0+'

Dih jb||e) d kablbglbd hgbhd jk >0+ zdhoh {zbibvdjd lehe pdrhkzre pkie Precrdhd>0Pi{|) jk|kgqeiqbje pkid Kle| Leg|{izbgc) djezdje per jbqkr|e| pd|k| k t{k zkh per eofkzbqeprbglbpdi e bglkgzbqe de jk|kgqeiqbhkgze jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde kablbkgzk|'

Ikqdgje kh leg|bjkrde k||d| rkakrglbd|) e Bghkzre {zbibve{ gd hkzejeiecbd jd dgib|k kht{k|ze e hk|he pdrhkzre pdrd e bgzkrqdie jk ?0+ d 400+ je gqki jk ldrcd jd| aegzk|'


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Jk||d hdgkbrd) d aegzk jk dibhkgzde lehkrlbdibvdjd per |{d khprk|d aeb leg|bjkrdjd GeLegaerhk) kh rkide kablbglbd) per dprk|kgzdr gjblk| bgakrberk| de| jkabgbje| gd hkzejeiecbddjezdjd' Dih jb||e) de legzrrbe je t{k aeb jbze kh |k{| pe|blbegdhkgze|) d khodidckh jeprej{ze ge pe||{b t{dit{kr jklidrde |eork e gjblk hgbhe jk kablbglbd) e t{k pejk ikqdr eleg|{hbjer d bgzkrprkzdr t{k e prej{ze dprk|kgzd 400+ jk kablbglbd) e t{k gd przbld leg|bjkrdje bhpe||qki) kh a{ge jk pkrjd| gd zrdg|hb||e jd kgkrcbd) khoerd |kfd e t{kckrdihkgzk |k k|pkrd jk zeje| e| prej{ze| jb|pegqkb| pdrd d lehkrlbdibvde ge hkrldje aerhdi'

Ge t{k |k rkakrk Pezglbd) d aegzk dgdib|djd aeb leg|bjkrdjd Ge Legaerhk per ge dzbgcbr dpezglbd h~bhd jklidrdjd kh |{d khodidckh) zkgje t{kbhdje k) leg|kt{kgzkhkgzk) jkb~dje jka{glbegdr lerrkzdhkgzk) t{dgje k~pe|zd d {h gqki jk ldrcd jk >>+'

E{zre rk|{izdje t{k hkrklk dzkge e je Adzer jk Pezglbd) t{k eozbje pkid rkide kgzrk dkgkrcbd dzbqd k d kgkrcbd dpdrkgzk' Kgt{dgze d kgkrcbd dzbqd d t{k prej{v zrdodine) lehe perk~khpie) e a{glbegdhkgze jk hezerk|) d kgkrcbd dpdrkgzk d |ehd jd kgkrcbd dzbqd leh d rkdzbqd)dt{kid t{k ge prej{v zrdodine khoerd |kfd bhperzdgzk pdrd e ai{~e hdcgzble jd| oeobgd| je|kt{bpdhkgze|'

D||bh) zkgje |bje jkabgbje pkid hkzejeiecbd jk||d dgib|k e gjblk hgbhe jk 0)20 jk Adzer jkPezglbd) d aegzk jk dibhkgzde lehkrlbdibvdjd per |{d khprk|d aeb leg|bjkrdjd Ge Legaerhkper dprk|kgzdr e gjblk jk 0);1' B||e |bcgbabld jbvkr t{k d dpkgd| ;1+ jd kgkrcbd kizrbld aergklbjdpkid Khprk|d Leglk||begrbd jk Kgkrcbd Kizrbld aeb kakzbqdhkgzk dpreqkbzdjd'

[hd jd| leg|kt{glbd| jk||k jk|pkrjlbe jk kgkrcbd e prke je t{biesdzz(nerd {gbjdjk t{kk~prk||d d kgkrcbd leg|{hbjd kh {h jkzkrhbgdje pkreje leordje pkid Khprk|d Leglk||begrbdjk Kgkrcbd Kizrbld) t{k pejkrbd |kr hdb| odrdze ld|e d jb|zrbo{be jk kgkrcbd rkdzbqd ae||k hkger'

ZZnnkkrrhhddiizzddmmkk ..AAddoorrbbllddggzzkk66 ZZnnkkrrhhddiizzddmmkk LLee''""

E Bghkzre rklegnklbje pkid bgt{k|zbegqki t{dibjdjk gd k~kl{e jk zk|zk| ge| hdb| qdrbdje|zbpe| jk prej{ze|' Crdd| d k||d ldrdlzkr|zbld) hdb| je t{k gdz{rdi t{k |k{| rk|{izdje| |kfdhrkakrglbd pdrd e hkrldje lehe {h zeje) bgjbldgje de leg|{hbjer t{db| |e d| hkinerk| epk|) kzdhoh prk|zdgje {h qdibe|e |krqbe de| adorbldgzk|) dpegzdgje preoikhd| k |{ckrbgje lerrkk|

pdrd e| hk|he|'

Bho{je jk {h |kg|e jk bhpdrlbdibjdjk) e Bghkzre |khprk eakrklk de| adorbldgzk| l{fe e| prej{ze|zk|zdje| dprk|kgzkh dic{h zbpe jk preoikhd) e jbrkbze jk rk|pe|zd'

Ge ld|e) e prej{ze zk|zdje pkie Bghkzre) d aegzk jk dibhkgzde Z_? _^ :;0S .PG S04:1_[") kid

dprk|kgze{ {hd ge legaerhbjdjk kh {h gble zk|zk) e jk a{glbegdhkgze leh ldrcd jk 400+) gedzbgcbgje e lrbzrbe jk kablbglbd jk >0+) abldgje {h pe{le dodb~e jk||k qdier) t{k |kc{gje e

pdrklkr je zk|zk) aeb jk 3>)


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rklegnklkhe|) ge dzkgjk d| hzrbld| je precrdhd >0 PI[\' _kbzkrdgje6 k||k hejkie geaeb jk|kgqeiqbje leg|bjkrdgje d| hzrbld| je precrdhd >0 PI[\'

K||k hejkie jk aegzk kh t{k|ze) f aeb jk|legzbg{dje) k e t{k k~b|zk ge hkrldje |e d| {gbjdjk|preqkgbkgzk| je| k|zet{k| je| jb|zrbo{bjerk| d{zerbvdje|' [h je| hezbqe| pkid t{di k||k hejkie aebjk|legzbg{dje aeb k~dzdhkgzk pdrd jdr i{cdr d geqe| hejkie| t{k aerdh jk|kgqeiqbje| rk|pkbzdgjed| hzrbld| je precrdhd >0 PI[\) k t{d|k |{d zezdibjdjk neheiecdjd pkid| jbrkzrbvk| je

precrdhd) t{k j e jbrkbze d| geqd| |rbk| jk e|zkgzdr e iecezbpe jb|zbgzbqe kh |{d| khodidckg| khdzkrbdb| jk jbq{icde'

E| hejkie| ge neheiecdje|) zdhoh f |k kglegzrdh kh prelk||e jk jk|legzbg{de e{ kh rkqb|epdrd orkqk |{ohb||e de| prelk||e| jk neheiecde'

\kgzbhe(ge| gd eorbcde jk kiecbdr d pe|z{rd je Bghkzre) t{k jkb~e{ lidre t{k d aegzk zk|zdjd gedzbgcb{ e lrbzrbe je zk|zk) hd| t{k ge kgzdgze) ge akbzd gkgn{hd hkge ge prej{ze t{k kikdzkgjkrbd zdi lrbzrbe jk kablbglbd) e t{ je legzrrbe) bglerrkrbd kh prepdcdgjd kgcdge|d) t{k gehgbhe) {hd prea{gjd adizd jk rk|pkbze de leg|{hbjer' Zdi pe|z{rd) | rkdabrhd e lehprehb||e jkbgzkcrbjdjk) bhpdrlbdibjdjk k t{dibjdjk t{k e Bghkzre zkh leh e leg|{hbjer k adorbldgzk|'

BBgghhkkzzrree66 Kh rkide Kablbglbd Kgkrczbld) d hkzejeiecbd jkabgbjd pkie Bghkzre k|zdokiklk{lehe pdrhkzre jk legaerhbjdjk e gjblk hgbhe jk >0+ jk kablbglbd) e t{k |bcgbabld jbvkr) t{kaerdh leg|bjkrdjd| Ge Legaerhk| d| aegzk| t{k dprk|kgzdrdh qdierk| dodb~e jk||k pdrhkzre) kht{dit{kr {h je| gqkb| jk ldrcd dpibldje|'

T{dgze k|pklbablde DZ^4?Q ?'?') rk||dizdhe| t{k e qdier hgbhe pdrd d kablbglbd 30+' Gekgzdgze) k||k pdjre rklehkgjd t{k d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde |kfdh prefkzdjd| pdrd eozkr {hdkablbglbd hgbhd jk >0+) t{dgje |{ohkzbjd| d {hd ldrcd zpbld) e{ |kfd) jk ;0+'Dih jb||e) dkablbglbd hgbhd jk >0+ zdhoh {zbibvdjd lehe pdrhkzre pkie Precrdhd >0Pi{|) jk|kgqeiqbjepkid Kle| Leg|{izbgc) djezdje per jbqkr|e| pd|k| k t{k zkh per eofkzbqe prbglbpdi e bglkgzbqe de

jk|kgqeiqbhkgze jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde kablbkgzk|' Ikqdgje kh leg|bjkrde k||d| rkakrglbd|) eBghkzre {zbibve{ gd hkzejeiecbd jd dgib|k kh t{k|ze e hk|he pdrhkzre pdrd e bgzkrqdie jk ?0+d 400+ je gqki jk ldrcd jd| aegzk|'

Jk||d hdgkbrd) d aegzk jk dibhkgzde adorbldjd per |{d khprk|d aeb leg|bjkrdjd Ge Legaerhk perdprk|kgzdr gjblk| jk kablbglbd| bgakrberk| de| jkabgbje| gd hkzejeiecbd djezdjd'Dih jb||e) lehegd khodidckh je prej{ze ge n t{dit{kr jklidrde |eork e gjblk hgbhe jk kablbglbd) eleg|{hbjer pejk |kr ikqdje d bgzkrprkzdr t{k e prej{ze dprk|kgzd 400+ jk kablbglbd) e t{k gdprzbld leg|bjkrdje bhpe||qki) kh a{ge jk pkrjd| gd zrdg|hb||e jd kgkrcbd) khoerd |kfd e t{kckrdihkgzk |k k|pkrd jk zeje| e| prej{ze| jb|pegqkb| pdrd d lehkrlbdibvde ge hkrldje aerhdi'

_k||dizd(|k d prkel{pde jd khprk|d leh e dzkgjbhkgze d rkt{b|bze| rkidzbqe| |djk) |kc{rdgd) de jk|khpkgne k prk|krqde je hkbe(dhobkgzk) e t{k pejk |kr kqbjkglbdje pkidlegaerhbjdjk eozbjd kh prdzbldhkgzk zeje| e| kg|dbe| rkdibvdje|) dih jd rkqb|e e{jk|legzbg{de jk prej{ze| t{k ge dzkgjdh d k||k| rkt{b|bze|) e t{k k|z jk dlerje leh e|eofkzbqe| je Precrdhd jk Dgdib|k jk Prej{ze|'

SSbb||kkLLdd||kk ..AAddoorrbbllddggzzkk66 SSbb||kkLLdd||kk BBggjj||zzrrbbdd kk LLeehhrrllbbee KKiikkzzrrggbbllee IIzzjjdd''""

D Sb|kLd|k Bgj|zrbd k Lehrlbe Kikzrgble Izjd') pk||ed f{rjbld jk jbrkbze prbqdje) perbgzkrhjbe je rkprk|kgzdgzk ikcdi |bcgdzrbe) qkh) per hkbe je prk|kgzk k~pkjbkgzk) rkidzbqdhkgzk de|

zk|zk| t{k legli{rdh pkid bglegaerhbjdjk leh rkide kablbglbd ge leg|{he jk kgkrcbd k lehrkide de gqki jk r{je k k|zdobibjdjk jd zkg|e) bgaerhdr t{k |{o|zbz{b{ n hdb| jk 1 .|kb|" hk|k|


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Per eperz{ge) bgaerhdhe| t{k k|zdhe| precrdhdgje {hd rk{gbe pdrd e pr~bhe jbd 4;) pdrd zrdzdrhdb| jkzdindjdhkgzk je| zkhd|6 kidoerde jk {hd gerhd zlgbld ge hobze jd DOGZ) qkrbabldejk bhpikhkgzde jk dqdibde jd legaerhbjdjk jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde) kgzrk e{zre|'

BBgghhkkzzrree66 Kh rk|pe|zd de pe|blbegdhkgze jk||d D||elbde d rk|pkbze je| rk|{izdje| jd dgib|krkdibvdjd pkie Bghkzre kh dhe|zrd| jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde pdrd lehp{zdjerk| je zbpe jk|mzep)prk|zdhe| e| |kc{bgzk| k|lidrklbhkgze|6

Leh rkide jbq{icde prqbd jd| ldrdlzkr|zbld| je prej{ze t{k aerdh eofkze jd dgib|k jeBghkzre) rk||dizdhe| t{k kgqbdhe| d k||d D||elbde) kh e{z{ore jk ?040) per hkbe je EalbeJt{di%Jbqbt g?;) d hkzejeiecbd jd dgib|k legzkgje kgzrk e{zrd| bgaerhdk|) d| gerhd| kjel{hkgze| {zbibvdje| lehe rkakrglbd|) e idoerdzrbe rk|peg|qki pkid dgib|k k e| kg|dbe| leh e||k{| rk|pklzbqe| eofkzbqe|' Ldok jk|zdldr) t{k pkid d{|glbd jk {hd gerhd ord|bikbrd pdrd aegzk| jkdibhkgzde ge hobze jd DOGZ) e Bghkzre) d pdrzbr jk bgaerhdk| aergklbjd| per k||d D||elbde)

f{gzdhkgzk leh e Hbgb|zrbe jk Hbgd| k Kgkrcbd) k|pklbdib|zd| je hkbe dldjhble k adorbldgzk| je|kzer) kidoere{ {hd hkzejeiecbd t{k {zbibve{ lehe rkakrglbd| d gerhd BKL 10'21;0(4%22) pdrd ddqdibde je| rkt{b|bze| jk |kc{rdgd je prej{ze) k e Pdjre DZ^4?Q ?'?') djezdje per hdb| jk 20+je hkrldje jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde) pdrd d dqdibde je| rkt{b|bze| jk jk|khpkgne k kablbglbd'

Ge t{k |k rkakrk de t{k aeb hkglbegdje kh |k{ pe|blbegdhkgze) d rk|pkbze jd pe||bobibjdjk jk d|aegzk| dgdib|djd| ge zkrkh |bje prefkzdjd| pdrd dzbgcbr e gjblk jk >0+ jk kablbglbd) k|lidrklkhe|t{k) |kc{gje e Pdjre DZ^4?Q ?'?') pdjre jk prefkze {zbibvdje per zeje| e| adorbldgzk| dgdib|dje|) rklehkgjdje t{k d| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde |kfdh prefkzdjd| pdrd eozkr {hd kablbglbd hgbhd jk>0+) t{dgje |{ohkzbjd| d {hd ldrcd zpbld) e{ |kfd) jk ;0+'


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0+ jk kablbglbd kh zeje| e| gqkb| jk ldrcddpibldje|) k|z dibgndje de| pdrhkzre| jk legaerhbjdjk k|zdokiklbje| pkie Precrdhd jk Lkrzbablde>0Pi{|) t{k) dz{dihkgzk) rklegnklbje lehe rkakrglbd pkie hkrldje jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde) |kgjedjezdje per jbqkr|e| pd|k|' K||k Precrdhd zkh lehe prbglbpdi eofkzbqe e bglkgzbqe dejk|kgqeiqbhkgze jk aegzk| jk dibhkgzde kablbkgzk|'

4444 BBGGAAEE__HHDDKK\\ DDEE LLEEGG\\[[HHBBJJEE__4" D| aegzk| jk dibhkgzde ge dprk|kgzdh gjblk| leg|zdgzk| jk kablbglbd j{rdgzk zejd d |{d{zbibvde' K||k lehperzdhkgze pejk |kr rkprk|kgzdje per {hd l{rqd .crable :") gd t{di e| hdberk|qdierk| jk kablbglbd |e kqbjkglbdje| t{dgje d| aegzk| aergklkh lkrld jk ;0+ .lbgt{kgzd per lkgze"jd |{d pezglbd h~bhd rez{idjd' Per k||k hezbqe) rklehkgjqki t{k e leg|{hbjer djt{brd {hdaegzk jk dibhkgzde leh e jeore jd pezglbd rkdihkgzk gklk||rbd de |k{ lehp{zdjer'

Pdrd df{jdr e leg|{hbjer d ldil{idr d kgkrcbd k~bcbjd per {h jkzkrhbgdje lehp{zdjer) dic{g|adorbldgzk| f jb|pegbobibvdh |bzk| gd bgzkrgkz) per hkbe je| t{db|) d pdrzbr je aergklbhkgze jkbgaerhdk| |eork e| lehpegkgzk| prk|kgzk| ge lehp{zdjer k d| |{d| rk|pklzbqd| legabc{rdk|)

pe||qki eozkr) kh zkhpe rkdi) d pezglbd gklk||rbd dibhkgzde jk||k lehp{zdjer' 2

Crable : Lehperzdhkgze jd kablbglbd kh rkide ldrcd dpibldjd40

?" Gd pk|t{b|d jk hkrldje akbzd pkie Bghkzre pdrd k||d dgib|k) aeb leg|zdzdjd {hd przbldleh{h per pdrzk je| adorbldgzk| k qkgjkjerk|) t{k |k zrdzd jd djee jk {hd lid||bablde jd| aegzk|t{dgze |{d pezglbd h~bhd aergklbjd' Jk||d aerhd) d| aegzk| |e lid||babldjd| lehe aegzk| rkdb|

.pezglbd rkdi" k aegzk| gehbgdb| .pezglbd gehbgdi"' \kc{gje e| adorbldgzk| k qkgjkjerk|) d| aegzk|gehbgdb| |e d| t{k zh d |{d pezglbd jklidrdjd ikqdgje kh leg|bjkrde d pezglbd h~bhd jkpble' K||d jklidrde) {zbibvdjd prbglbpdihkgzk gd| aegzk| hdb| odrdzd|) legabc{rd(|k {hd przbldkgcdge|d) f t{k k||k qdier jk pble pejk j{rdr dpkgd| dic{g| |kc{gje| e{ dz hkge|'

Per e{zre idje) d| aegzk| lndhdjd| jk rkdb| |e d| t{k zh d pezglbd jklidrdjd jk dlerje lehd pezglbd h~bhd t{k kid| rkdihkgzk zh legjbk| jk aergklkr' K||d lid||bablde) de legzrrbe jd|aegzk| lndhdjd| jk gehbgdb|) ge ikqd kh leg|bjkrde dpkgd| d pezglbd jk pble) hd| |bh ea{glbegdhkgze rkdi jd aegzk'

2

K~khpie6 Ldil{idjerd jk Pezglbd je |bzk jd khprk|d D\[\ .Adorbldgzk jk lehp{zdjerk| k lehpegkgzk|" (nzzp6%%|{pperz'd|{|'leh'zs%Peskr\{ppiLdil{idzer%P\Ldil{idzer'd|p~5\Idgc{dck8pz(or40 Aegzk6 \bzk Li{ok je Ndrjsdrk ( nzzp6%%sss'li{okjendrjsdrk'leh'or%drzbce|%412:

Kablbglbd ~ Pezglbd .Gqk| jk Ldrcd"


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Relatório da análise em fontes de alimentação para computadores do tipo desktop