Cidadania e Media Participativos

Cidadania e Media Participativos 18 12 2009

Cidadania e Media Participativos Luís Francisco Pedro Jorge Ferraz de Abreu Pedro Almeida

U. Aveiro, U. Porto ICPD 18.12.2009


#wth? #desafios

# exemplos


#wth?


"I wouldn't know a twitter from a tweeter but I know it's important"

Hillary Clinton



Information is the oxygen of the modern age (…) the Goliath of totalitaranism will be brought down by the David of the microchip.

Ronald Reagan Junho 1989


It is time to stop the anarchy on the Internet. We cannot allow this great technological achievement of man to be turned into an information garbage heap.

Alexander Lukashenko Agosto 2007


the practice of citizenship has conventionally been separated from entertainment, leisure and consumption activities. This interpretation is based on a traditional but narrow view of the public sphere that focuses on political and civic rights and responsabilities


Public sphere (Habermas, 1992)

universal space where rational citizens engage in the political process through critical-rational deliberation


citizenship is practised as much through everyday life, leisure, critical consumption and popular entertainment as it is through debate and engagement with capital ‘P’ politics


Public sphere (Habermas, 1996)

The public sphere cannot be conceived as an institution and certainly not as an organization (...)

(...) substantive differentiation of [multiple] public spheres’ that are not overdetermined by expert discourses but that are accessible to laypersons


McGuigan, 2005

exclusion of everyday life, affect, and pleasure from our understanding of democratic participation is a serious misrecognition of some of the most powerful modes of citizen engagement


Deuze (2006)

emerging practices of participation in new media contexts

3 configurations/modes of engagement


. participation Becoming an active agent in the process of meaning-making


. remediation adopt but modify and thus reform consensual ways of understanding reality


. bricolage reflexively assemble our own particular versions of that reality


community shifted away from a simplistic dichotomy between online (‘virtual cyberspace’) and offline (‘real life’) modes of communication and interaction which were previously seen as distinct and unrelated


Castells (2001) portfolios of sociability

that is, interwoven networks of kinship, friends and peers that may originate from online interaction, are taken into and continued face-to-face in the offline world and vice versa


#desafios



Research found

70% believing in the importance of helping the community,

68% already doing something to support a cause on a monthly basis

82% describing themselves at least ‘somewhat involved,’

it does seem that the majority of young people are convinced that supporting a social cause is something they should do.


there is a strong disparity between interest and involvement,

an ‘activation gap’


“the broad decline in youth participation might be better redressed through offline initiatives, strengthening the opportunities structures of young people’s lives and the ‘communities of practice’ available to them, rather than building Web sites which, though they will engage a few, will struggle to reach the majority or, more important, to connect that majority to those with power over their lives in a manner that young people themselves judge effective and consequential.” Nick Couldry, Livingstone, S. and Markham, T. (2007), 'Connection or Disconnection? Tracking the Mediated Public Sphere in Everyday Life' in R. Butsch (ed.) Media and Public Spheres. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 28-42.


“Focus groups with young people suggest a generation bored with politics, critical of the online offer, instead interested in celebrity and conforming to peer norms. Young people protest that ‘having your say’ does not seem to mean ‘being listened to’ and so they feel justified in recognising little responsibility to participate.”

Sonia Livingstone, Nick Couldry, and Tim Markham, Youthful Steps Towards Civic Participation: Does the Internet Help? in Young Citizens in the Digital Age: Political Engagement, Young People and New Media, ed. Barney Loader (London: Routledge, forthcoming).


It isn’t ‘voice’ if nobody seems to be listening


This population is both self-guided and in need of guidance: although a willingness to learn new media by point-and-click exploration might come naturally to today’s student cohort, there’s nothing innate about knowing how to apply their skills to the processes of democracy (...)


Internet media are not offered as the solution to young people’s disengagement from political life, but as a possibly powerful tool to be deployed toward helping them engage

Rheingold, Howard. “Using Participatory Media and Public Voice to Encourage Civic Engagement." Civic Life Online: Learning How Digital Media Can Engage Youth. Edited by W. Lance Bennett. The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Series on Digital Media and Learning. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2008. 97–118.


“[t]he policy of ‘targetting’ young people so that they can ‘play their part’ can be read either as a spur to youth activism or an attempt to manage it (...)”


(...) Indeed, the very notion of youth e-citizenship seems to be caught between divergent strategies of management and autonomy...” Stephen Coleman in Civic Life Online: Learning How Digital Media Can Engage Youth. Edited by W. Lance Bennett. The John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Series on Digital Media and Learning. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2008.


#exemplos




Education

Cidadania e Media Participativos