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7 Black American Presidents; The Angolan Experience; Great names
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Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 1
EEDD
IITTOO
RRIIAA
LL bbyy
MMyyrr
nnaa LL
ooyy
Was
the
Job
Fair,
Fai
r??
With
my
Bla
ck-B
right
Rep
orte
r hat
on,
I at
tend
ed a
job
fair
at th
e C
orn
Exch
ange
in B
edfo
rd in
May
. I w
as n
otsu
re w
hat I
exp
ecte
d to
find
, but
the
title
‘job
fair’
and
the
cont
inuo
us a
nnou
ncem
ents
on
the
loca
l ra
dio,
impl
ied
that
it w
as c
ater
ing
for t
he jo
bles
s an
d th
ere-
fore
a fa
ntas
tic o
ppor
tuni
ty to
find
a jo
b. I
wen
t with
my
colle
ague
, loo
king
ver
y pr
ofes
sion
al a
nd a
rriv
ed to
find
a nu
mbe
r of
exh
ibito
r st
ands
, m
ost
of w
hich
seem
ed to
be
asso
ciat
ed w
ith e
ither
soc
ial c
are
or e
du-
catio
n.
For
the
‘reg
ular
’per
son
com
ing
out o
f w
ork,
thes
e w
ere
the
jobs
that
wer
e be
ing
plug
ged.
The
thin
g is
, the
se jo
bs a
re m
ade
to so
und
as if
any
one
can
do th
em, b
ut ta
lkin
g fr
om e
xper
ienc
e, th
ey a
ren’
t!
I dec
ided
to a
pply
for p
ublic
sec
tor j
obs
to re
acqu
aint
mys
elf
with
the
int
ervi
ew p
roce
ss. I
con
side
r m
ysel
fm
ulti-
tale
nted
and
wha
t th
ey l
ike
to c
all
‘ove
r-qua
li-fie
d’bu
t cou
ld I
sell
mys
elf s
uffic
ient
ly to
be
offe
red
ajo
b? N
o!
The
posi
tion
of a
car
e w
orke
r sh
ocke
d m
e th
e m
ost.
The
recr
uitm
ent p
roce
ss fo
r car
e w
orke
rs (
the
job
that
mos
t pe
ople
tur
n th
eir
nose
up
at!)
is
so v
igila
nt.
Ire
call
the
times
whe
n th
is w
as a
job
that
any
one
coul
dge
t, w
heth
er th
ey c
ould
spea
k a
wor
d of
Eng
lish
or n
ot.
Not
now
- s
o yo
u be
tter
thin
k tw
ice
befo
re y
ou s
ay:
“you
wou
ldn’
t ca
tch
me
dead
doi
ng t
hat
job”
- y
oupr
obab
ly w
ould
n’t q
ualif
y fo
r it a
nyw
ay.
Ther
e ar
e lo
tsof
for
ms
you
need
to
com
plet
e th
at w
ill a
sses
s yo
urnu
mer
acy
and
liter
acy
leve
ls;
ther
e ar
e ba
ckgr
ound
chec
ks a
nd th
ere
is a
rigi
d an
d co
mpr
ehen
sive
trai
ning
prog
ram
me
you
have
to
follo
w, a
nd a
fter
all
that
, if
your
che
cks
fail,
you
stil
l won
’t ge
t the
job,
esp
ecia
llyif
you
are
not h
ealth
y, d
on’t
driv
e an
d do
n’t w
ant t
ode
al in
per
sona
l car
e.
So w
hen
I lo
oked
aro
und
the
Job
Fai
r, I
sig
hed
inex
aspe
ratio
n. W
hat w
as o
nce
easy
, i.e
. as
long
as
you
have
the
ski
lls y
ou w
ould
be
put
to w
ork,
is
not
so
Foun
der
&M
anag
ing
Edi
tor:
Myr
na L
oyP
hoto
on
fron
t co
ver
:tak
en b
y Y
vonn
e H
ecto
rB
ack
Cove
r D
esig
n:L
aksh
mi N
aray
an G
upta
Bac
k co
ver
& ‘G
irls
’Pho
to o
n P
age
12 t
aken
by
Gar
field
Feat
ures
: Pus
h A
Yut
eB
LA
CKB
RIG
HT
LT
DSt
udio
57
Say
wel
l R
oad
LU
2 0Q
G (
UK
)Te
l:01
582
721
605
ww
w.b
lack
brig
htm
agaz
ine.
com
or
ww
w.m
yspa
ce.c
om/b
lack
brig
htne
ws
(ele
ctro
nic
vers
ion
only
)IS
SN N
o.17
51-1
909
1
toda
y! J
obse
eker
s are
bei
ng fo
rced
to re
visi
t the
ir sk
illse
t - w
hate
ver t
hey
have
, may
not
be
enou
gh.
No
poin
tsa
ying
: “I h
ave
been
wor
king
like
this
for y
ears
! O
r Iha
ve 2
0 ye
ars e
xper
ienc
e” -
it w
on’t
cut i
t! T
imes
hav
ech
ange
d. T
he in
terv
iew
pro
cess
has
cha
nged
. So
if yo
uha
ve b
een
wor
king
for
yea
rs, y
ou m
ake
thin
k yo
u do
not
need
to
acqu
aint
you
rsel
f w
ith n
ew
inte
rvie
wsk
ills,
but
woe
bet
ide
if yo
u ar
e su
dden
ly g
iven
the
heav
e-o
and
are
rely
ing
on y
our y
ears
of e
xper
ienc
e to
get y
ou th
roug
h, y
ou a
re in
for a
sho
ck -
it w
on’t!
If y
ou lo
ok o
ut fo
r it,
ther
e is
FR
EE tr
aini
ng a
vaila
ble
to e
quip
you
for
the
edu
catio
n se
ctor
. T
here
is
the
PTLL
S co
urse
s an
d th
e EE
DA
wer
e of
ferin
g co
urse
sfo
r tho
se m
ade
redu
ndan
t upt
o £5
00 e
arlie
r thi
s ye
ar -
not s
ure
if th
ey a
re s
till d
oing
it, b
ut y
ou w
ill n
eed
toge
t som
e ki
nd o
f re
-trai
ning
if y
ou a
re g
oing
to e
nter
the
job
mar
ket s
o th
at y
ou a
re k
ept c
urre
nt.
Empl
oyer
sdo
not
wan
t to
kno
w w
hat
you
have
don
e an
ymor
e,th
ey w
ant
to k
now
HO
Wyo
u di
d it.
Hav
e yo
u ev
erth
ough
t abo
ut h
ow y
ou a
chie
ved
a go
od r
esul
t?
You
need
to b
e on
a c
ontin
uous
lear
ning
cur
ve th
ese
days
,re
flect
ing
on w
hat y
ou h
ave
done
and
how
you
did
it,
espe
cial
ly w
hen
it w
orks
out
wel
l, an
d if
it di
dn’t
wor
kou
t wel
l, yo
u ne
ed to
ret
race
you
r st
eps
so y
ou d
on’t
mak
e th
e sa
me
mis
take
aga
in.
So w
hat h
as a
ll th
is g
ot to
do
with
the
job
fair?
W
ell,
I fel
t Iha
d be
en ji
bbed
. Wel
l not
so
muc
h m
e bu
t peo
-pl
e w
ho h
ad c
ome
from
far
and
wid
e to
the
Job
Fair.
They
sho
uld
be o
fferin
g ad
vice
to
the
jobl
ess;
the
ysh
ould
hav
e co
mpa
tible
job
s av
aila
ble
inst
ead,
aFa
shio
n Sh
ow h
ad b
een
put o
n w
here
the
pric
es w
ere
ridic
ulou
s co
nsid
erin
g it
was
cat
erin
g fo
r th
e jo
bles
s.Su
its fo
r £20
0, h
andb
ags
upto
£55
, tie
s up
to £
20 (t
helo
wes
t bei
ng £
10) a
nd w
hen
I app
roac
hed
the
orga
nis-
er a
nd a
sked
her
if s
he fe
lt th
e pr
ices
wer
e ap
prop
riate
for t
he u
nem
ploy
ed, s
he fl
ippa
ntly
resp
onde
d: “
Thes
ear
e w
hat w
e w
ere
give
n!”
Cha
rmin
g!
So d
id th
e Jo
b Fa
ir sh
ow b
est p
ract
ice?
I f
elt t
he J
obFa
ir w
as e
xplo
itativ
e. E
xhib
itors
pro
babl
y go
t fun
ding
for p
uttin
g on
the
job
fair
and
the
jobl
ess
got n
othi
ng!
aann
ee ee )) nntt ssppll ee nngg
ss
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 2
TH
E C
HA
NG
EE
very
one
and
ever
ythi
ng c
an c
hang
e. W
e ha
ve p
rove
nth
roug
h th
e ye
ars
man
and
all
(mos
t) s
peci
es h
ave
evol
ved
on E
arth
. B
ut w
hy d
o w
e no
t ac
cept
tha
t w
e ar
e no
t ch
ang-
ing
for
the
bette
r as
a s
ocie
ty.
We
as E
arth
lings
ow
e ou
rpl
anet
and
our
soc
iety
. T
hat
goes
for
adu
lts,
kids
and
all.
I am
no
envi
ronm
enta
list o
r no
Ear
th fr
eak
or s
ome
save
the
plan
et d
ude.
(N
o I
won
’t be
rid
ing
a ho
rse
to c
onse
rve
onga
s an
d po
llutio
n et
c.)
I am
a y
oung
Jam
aica
n by
the
nam
eof
Viv
ian
Tho
mas
, I o
wn
a co
mpa
ny c
alle
d P
ush
A Y
ute
Ltd
(P.A
.Y).
All
I do
is lo
ok a
roun
d m
e an
d its
cle
ar m
y ge
nera
-tio
n w
hich
is g
ener
atio
n X
is s
uffe
ring,
so
I can
just
imag
ine
wha
t th
is g
ener
atio
n is
goi
ng t
hrou
gh a
nd w
ill g
o th
roug
h.S
o I
gues
s w
e in
tro
uble
if
we
don’
t st
art
addr
essi
ng t
his
issu
e. P
.A.Y
. was
sta
rted
bec
ause
ther
e is
end
less
pot
entia
lar
ound
if g
iven
the
oppo
rtun
ity. E
very
hum
an h
as s
omet
hing
to o
ffer
and
they
can
exc
el in
one
way
or
anot
her.
The
re a
re a
lot o
f peo
ple
with
var
ious
tale
nts,
ski
lls, a
bilit
ies.
The
fac
t is
the
y m
ight
eve
n be
illi
tera
te o
r ev
en a
n ec
oph
ysic
ist.
Who
car
es th
e po
int i
s yo
u ca
n ch
ange
som
eone
’slif
e by
just
pay
ing
atte
ntio
n. W
e ca
n he
lp t
o st
eer
a so
ul o
utof
tro
uble
, lis
ten
to t
heir
drea
ms
and
see
whe
re w
e ca
nas
sist
. M
aybe
all
he o
r sh
e ne
eds
to k
now
was
tha
t it
was
poss
ible
. A
nd e
very
one
can
add
to t
hat.
Let’s
cre
ate
that
dom
ino
effe
ct.
We
star
t w
ith p
oint
ing
at k
ids
(any
one)
whe
re
can
they
go
to h
elp
to c
ultiv
ate
tale
nt o
r am
bitio
n? I
f w
e ca
n ge
t pe
ople
to g
et in
to t
his
rout
ine
or h
abit
of t
hink
ing
wor
king
and
con
-tr
ibut
ing
then
wha
t w
e ha
ve is
a t
eam
. A
nd w
hen
the
team
mov
es f
orw
ard
so d
oes
its p
eopl
e an
d th
e na
tion,
but
it
all
star
ts w
ith a
cha
nge
of t
houg
ht,
and
that
is
whe
re y
ou c
anhe
lp.
If w
e ca
n re
flect
on
wha
t his
hap
peni
ng a
nd s
ee w
ays
to c
hang
e it,
and
cha
nge
the
way
we
thin
k, w
e ca
n he
lpim
prov
e th
e si
tuat
ion.
R
emem
ber
we
live
wha
t we
see
and
see
wha
t w
e liv
e.
So
far
I am
usi
ng t
he l
abel
and
the
mus
ic t
o bu
ild b
ridge
san
d ed
ucat
e ev
eryo
ne w
ho w
e ca
n.
Join
the
tea
m a
nd t
heca
use.
Eve
ryon
e ca
n he
lp t
o br
ing
a ch
ange
.
Viv
ian
Tho
mas
Pus
h A
Yut
e
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mmaa..
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 3
CCCCOOOONNNN
TTTTEEEENNNN
TTTTSSSS
(My
Ang
olan
Exp
erie
nce)
1.E
dito
rial
2.Sn
ippe
ts
4.7
Bla
ck A
mer
ican
Pre
side
nts?
6.B
ig P
eopl
e,Sm
all B
egin
ning
s-
Dr
Ben
jam
in C
arls
on
8.B
ig P
eopl
e,Sm
all B
egin
ning
s-M
icha
elle
Jean
11.
Poem
s
12.
FEA
TU
RE
ART
ICLE
- M
y A
ngol
an E
xper
ienc
e
3
BLA
CK
BR
IGH
T’S
AN
NIV
ER
SARY
31 M
ay 2
006
- 31
May
200
9
Tha
nk y
ou a
ll fo
r st
ayin
g w
ith
me!
ISSN
No.
1751
- 1
909
E-m
agaz
ine
It
’s impe
rative
- O
rder
you
r co
py n
ow! (£
10)
Fir
st b
lack
FT
SE 1
00 b
oss
at P
rude
ntia
l
Tid
jane
Thi
amis
the
firs
t bl
ack
head
of
a F
TSE
100
com
pany
.M
r Thi
am jo
ined
Pru
dent
ial f
rom
Avi
va in
2007
an
d w
as
fina
nce
dire
ctor
at
th
e fi
rm.
He
repl
aced
Mar
k T
ucke
r.O
rigi
nally
fro
m t
he I
vory
Coas
t,M
r T
hiam
had
pre
viou
sly
been
the
cou
ntry
’sM
inis
ter
ofP
lann
ing
and
Dev
elop
men
t.M
r T
hiam
will
be
one
ofa
limit
ed n
umbe
r of
ethn
ic m
inor
itie
sw
ho a
re r
epre
sent
ed in
the
UK
’s b
oard
room
s.
Mr
Thi
am,4
6,to
ok u
p th
e re
ins
as c
hief
exec
utiv
e in
Oct
ober
‘08,
afte
r M
r T
ucke
r,51
,ann
ounc
ed t
hat
hew
ould
ste
p do
wn
earl
ier
than
exp
ecte
d.M
r T
hiam
said
:“It
is a
pri
vile
ge t
o be
a s
ucce
ssor
”.
“It
is v
ery
sign
ifica
nt b
ecau
se i
t se
ts a
wid
er p
rece
-de
nt,”
said
Mic
hael
Ebo
da,t
he f
ound
er o
fP
ower
ful
Med
ia,
whi
ch p
ublis
hes
a lis
t of
Bri
tain
’s 1
00 m
ost
influ
enti
al b
lack
peo
ple.
“No
one
will
see
thi
s as
toke
nism
- h
e ha
s an
inc
redi
bly
impr
essi
ve c
urri
cu-
lum
vit
ae.”
An
avid
Ars
enal
sup
port
er,
he s
tudi
eden
gine
erin
g in
Par
is a
nd o
btai
ned
an M
BA
fro
mIN
SEA
D.M
r T
hiam
joi
ns t
he f
ew e
thni
c m
inor
itie
ssu
ch a
s D
amon
Buf
fini,
boss
of
priv
ate
equi
ty f
irm
Per
mir
a,re
pres
ente
d in
th
e U
K’s
bo
ardr
oom
s.
Sand
ra K
err,
dire
ctor
of
Rac
e fo
r Opp
ortu
nity
whi
chca
mpa
igns
for
equ
alit
y in
the
wor
kpla
ce,
desc
ribe
dM
r T
hiam
’s a
ppoi
ntm
ent
as a
“w
ater
shed
”m
omen
t.“I
hop
e th
at T
idja
ne T
hiam
’s a
chie
vem
ents
will
insp
ire
ethn
ic m
inor
ity
teen
ager
s,en
try-
leve
l w
ork-
ers
and
curr
ent
empl
oyee
s to
sta
nd-u
p an
d be
cou
nt-
ed in
the
rac
e fo
r le
ader
ship
,”sh
e w
rote
in t
his
view
-po
int
piec
e fo
r th
e B
BC
New
s w
ebsi
te.
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 4
findi
ngs.
Jeffe
rson
als
ow
as
said
to
ha
vede
stro
yed
all d
ocum
en-
tatio
n at
tach
ed t
o hi
sm
othe
r,ev
en g
oing
to
extr
emes
to
seiz
e le
t-te
rs
wri
tten
by
hi
sm
othe
r to
oth
er p
eo-
ple.
Onl
y in
re
cent
year
s di
d th
e fa
mily
of
Tho
mas
Je
ffers
onac
know
ledg
ed h
e w
as t
he f
athe
r of
the
(5
or6)
chi
ldre
n bo
rn t
o a
slav
e on
his
pla
ntat
ion,
Sally
Hem
min
gs.
Pre
side
nt A
ndre
w J
acks
on -
th
e na
tion’
s7t
hpr
esid
ent
was
in
offic
e be
twee
n 18
29 –
1837
.A r
enow
ned
Afr
ican
-Am
eric
an h
isto
rian
J A R
oger
s,au
thor
of
the
‘Fiv
e Bl
ack
Pres
iden
ts’
wro
te
that
A
ndre
wJa
ckso
n Sn
r di
ed b
efor
e hi
sso
n,Pr
esid
ent
And
rew
Jack
son
Jr w
as b
orn.
The
pres
iden
t’s
mot
her
then
wen
t to
liv
e on
th
eC
raw
ford
fa
rm,
whe
reth
ere
wer
e N
egro
sla
ves
and
one
of t
hese
men
was
And
rew
Jn
r’s
fath
er,
Rog
ers
wro
te.V
augh
an c
ites
an a
rtic
le w
ritt
enin
the V
irgi
nia
Mag
azin
e of
His
tory
that
Jack
son
was
the
son
of a
n Ir
ish
wom
an w
ho m
arri
ed a
blac
k m
an.
The
mag
azin
e al
so s
tate
d th
atJa
ckso
n’s
olde
st b
roth
er h
ad b
een
sold
as
asl
ave.
Abr
aham
Li
ncol
n–
the
natio
n’s
16th
pres
iden
t,se
rved
be
twee
n 18
61
and
1865
.A
utho
r Va
ughn
,sta
tes
Linc
oln
and
very
dar
k sk
inan
d co
arse
ha
ir
and
his
mot
her
alle
gedl
y ca
me
from
an E
thio
pian
tri
be.
His
her
-ita
ge fu
eled
so
muc
h co
ntro
-ve
rsy
that
Lin
coln
was
nic
k-na
med
“Afr
ican
Afr
ican
us th
eFi
rst”
by
hi
s pr
esid
entia
lop
pone
nts
and
cart
oons
wer
e dr
awn
depi
ctin
g hi
m
as
a N
egro
.
Pre
side
nt W
arre
n H
ardi
ng, t
he 2
9th
pres
i-de
nt,i
n of
fice
betw
een
1921
and
192
3,ap
par-
ently
nev
er d
enie
d hi
s an
cest
ry.
Acc
ordi
ng t
oVa
ughn
,Will
iam
Cha
ncel
lor,
a pr
ofes
sor
of e
co-
nom
ics
and
polit
ics
at W
oost
er C
olle
ge i
nO
hio,
wro
te a
boo
k on
the
Har
ding
fam
ilyge
neal
ogy.
Evid
ently
,Har
ding
had
bla
ck a
nces
-to
rs b
etw
een
both
set
s of
par
ents
.C
hanc
ello
ral
so s
aid
that
Har
ding
att
ende
d Ib
eria
Col
lege
,a
scho
ol f
ound
ed t
o ed
ucat
e fu
gitiv
e sl
aves
.Pr
ofes
sor
Cha
ncel
lor
says
th
e Ju
stic
eD
epar
tmen
t ag
ents
al
lege
dly
boug
ht
and
4
7 B
lack
U.S
. Pre
side
nts
An
artic
le e
ntitl
ed t
he ‘6
Bla
ck P
resi
dent
s w
asse
nt t
o m
e,an
d in
trig
ued
me
so m
uch
that
Ide
cide
d to
sha
re it
with
you
thr
ough
my
mag
-az
ine.
Whi
le t
he s
ourc
e w
as n
ot a
vaila
ble
aco
uple
of
links
wer
e em
bedd
ed i
n th
e ar
ticle
nam
ely
http
://st
e war
tsyn
opsi
s.co
m/8
per-
cent
/war
ren%
20H
ardi
ng%
20an
d%20
Jim%
20C
row
.htm
The
art
icle
sta
rts:
Wha
t de
term
ines
if
a pe
rson
is
bl
ack
orA
fric
an D
esce
nt?
In
the
19th
and
20th
cen-
turi
es,t
he s
tand
ard
for
dete
rmin
ing
one’
s ra
cew
as ‘o
ne d
rop
of b
lack
blo
od,m
ade
you
blac
k(li
sten
to
htt
p://l
o yon
life.
podo
mat
ic.c
omon
colo
uris
m)
soci
ally
and
in t
he e
yes
of t
he la
w.
So b
y th
at s
tand
ard
it w
ould
app
ear
som
e U
Spr
esid
ents
wou
ld h
ave
been
con
side
red
blac
kor
mul
atto
.
Mul
atto
-n
oun
1.T
he o
ffspr
ing
of o
ne w
hite
pare
nt
and
one
blac
k pa
rent
;2.
A
pers
onw
hose
anc
estr
y is
a m
ixtu
re o
f N
egro
and
Cau
casi
an.–
adj
ectiv
e:of
a li
ght-
brow
n co
lour
.In
Feb
ruar
y of
200
4,an
art
icle
was
wri
tten
by
C S
tone
-Bro
wn
entit
led:
“Who
wer
e th
e 5
Blac
k Pr
esid
ents
?” f
or D
iver
sity
Inc
mag
azin
e.T
he a
rtic
le w
as b
ased
on
a bo
ok b
y D
r Le
roy
Vaug
han
an o
ptha
lmog
ist
title
d “B
lack
Peo
ple
and
The
ir P
lace
in H
isto
ry”.
The
follo
win
g te
xtis
a c
olla
bora
tion
of h
is t
heor
ies
and
othe
rkn
own
hist
oria
ns a
nd a
utho
rs.
Pre
side
nt T
hom
as J
effe
rson
– th
e th
irdel
ecte
d pr
esid
ent,
who
se
rved
tw
o te
rms
betw
een
1801
and
180
9 w
as d
escr
ibed
as
the
“son
of
a
half-
bree
d In
dian
sq
uaw
an
d a
Vir
gini
an M
ulat
to fa
ther
,” as
sta
ted
in V
augh
n’s
ww
w.ja
mro
ckra
dio.
com
clic
k on
‘rad
io’
‘Jam
rock
Sun
days
’w/L
ady
Loy
for t
he b
est i
n R
egga
e
20:0
0hr -
22:
00hr
EV
ER
YS
UN
DAY
Not
sur
e? c
heck
http
://lo
yonl
ife.p
odom
atic
.com
or w
ww
.mys
pace
.com
/jam
rock
sund
ays
DDJJ
LLaaddyy
LLooyy
ppllaa
yysstthh
ee
bbee
sstt
((nnoo
tt tthh
eeppoo
ppuullaa
rr))
iinn
rreegggg
aaeemm
uussiicc
ever
y w
eek
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 5
dest
roye
d al
l cop
ies
of t
his
book
.H
ardi
ng
suffe
red
nerv
ous
brea
kdow
ns a
t th
eag
e of
24
and
had
to s
pend
som
e tim
e in
a s
anita
rium
.Be
twee
n 18
89
and
1901
,H
ardi
ng p
aid
five
‘pro
trac
t-ed
’ vis
its t
o th
e J P
Kel
logg
sani
tari
um i
n Ba
ttle
Cre
ek,
Mic
higa
n ‘to
rec
over
fro
mfa
tigue
,ov
erst
rain
an
dne
rvou
s ill
ness
es.”
Som
e sp
ecul
ate
his
illne
ssw
as d
ue t
o th
e pr
essu
re o
f not
fully
dis
clos
ing
his
blac
k he
rita
ge a
nd li
ving
as
whi
te.
Cal
vin
Coo
lidge
– th
ena
tion’
s 30
thpr
esid
ent,
serv
ed
betw
een
1923
and
1929
and
sup
pose
dly
was
pr
oud
of
his
her-
itage
.H
e cl
aim
ed
his
mot
her
was
da
rkbe
caus
e of
mix
ed I
ndia
nan
cest
ry.T
his
notio
n w
asdi
sput
ed
by
Aus
etBa
khuf
u au
thor
of
‘th
eSi
x Bl
ack
Pres
iden
ts’ w
hosa
id i
n he
r bo
ok t
hat
byth
e 18
00s
,the
New
Eng
land
Ind
ians
har
dly
wer
e pu
re I
ndia
n,be
caus
e th
ey h
ad m
ixed
so
ofte
n w
ith b
lack
s.C
oolid
ge’s
mot
her’s
mai
den
nam
e w
as ‘
Moo
r’ a
nd i
n Eu
rope
the
nam
e‘M
oor’
was
giv
en t
o al
l bl
acks
jus
t as
Neg
row
as u
sed
in A
mer
ica.
It la
ter
was
con
clud
edth
at C
oolid
ge w
as p
art
blac
k.
Dw
ight
Dav
id E
isen
how
er-
serv
ed f
rom
1953
to
19
61,
the
34th
pres
iden
t.Ei
senh
ower
’s m
othe
r,Id
a El
izab
eth
Stov
er w
asa
mul
atto
w
oman
m
akin
g Ei
senh
ower
pa
rtbl
ack.
Eise
nhow
er a
s pr
esid
ent m
oved
mili
tary
inte
grat
ion
from
a l
awto
rea
lity.
He
batt
ered
Aka
nsas
G
over
nor
Orv
al F
aubu
s w
ith f
ed-
eral
for
ce t
o de
segr
e-ga
te
Litt
le
Roc
k’s
Cen
tral
H
igh
Scho
ol.
He
was
th
e fir
stPr
esid
ent
to e
leva
te a
nA
fric
an-A
mer
ican
to
anex
ecut
ive
posi
tion
inth
e W
hite
Hou
se.
He
esta
blis
hed
the
first
reg
-ul
atio
ns
to
proh
ibit
raci
al d
iscr
imin
atio
n in
the
fede
ral w
orkf
orce
.H
e w
as
the
first
Pr
esid
ent
sinc
eR
econ
stru
ctio
n to
mee
t w
ith C
ivil
Rig
hts
lead
-er
s in
the
Whi
te H
ouse
.H
e he
lped
tur
nW
ashi
ngto
n,D
C in
to a
n in
tegr
ated
city
.
Bar
ack
H.O
bam
ais
the
44t
h Pr
esid
ent
ofth
e U
nite
d St
ates
and
if
the
stat
es a
bove
are
true
,the
7th
Blac
k U
S Pr
esid
ent!
5
He
was
el
ecte
d th
e 44
th
Pres
iden
t of
th
eU
nite
d St
ates
on
Nov
embe
r 4,
2008
,and
sw
orn
in o
n Ja
nuar
y 20
,200
9.H
is la
te fa
ther
was
from
Keny
a an
d hi
s C
auca
sian
mot
her
from
Kan
sas.
Pres
iden
t Oba
ma
was
bor
n in
Haw
aii o
n A
ugus
t4,
1961
.H
e w
as r
aise
d w
ith h
elp
from
his
gran
dfat
her,
who
ser
ved
in P
atto
n’s
arm
y,an
dhi
s gr
andm
othe
r,w
ho w
orke
d he
r w
ay u
p fr
omth
e se
cret
aria
l poo
l to
mid
dle
man
agem
ent
at a
bank
.Pr
esid
ent
Oba
ma’s
yea
rs o
f pu
blic
ser
vice
are
base
d ar
ound
his
bel
ief
in t
he a
bilit
y to
uni
tepe
ople
aro
und
“a p
oliti
cs o
f pur
pose
.
The
ar
ticle
co
ntin
ues.
.th
e on
ly
diffe
renc
ebe
twee
n Ba
rack
Oba
ma
and
mos
t of
the
for
-m
er ‘b
lack
’ pre
side
nts
is th
at n
one
of th
eir
fam
-ily
his
tori
es w
ere
fully
ack
now
ledg
ed b
y ot
hers
or t
hem
selv
es.
Even
tho
ugh
Oba
ma
is h
alf-
whi
te,h
e st
rong
ly r
esem
bles
his
Ken
yan
fath
eran
d no
t onl
y is
Oba
ma
open
abo
ut h
is a
nces
try,
mos
t peo
ple
ackn
owle
dge
and
reco
gnis
e hi
m a
sa
blac
k m
an,
whi
ch
is
why
pe
ople
id
entif
yO
bam
a as
th
e fir
st
blac
k pr
esid
ent
of
the
Uni
ted
Stat
es.
http
://st
ewar
tsyn
opsi
s.co
m/8
perc
ent/
war
ren%
20H
ardi
ng%
20an
d%20
Jim%
20C
row
.htm
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 6
6
In D
r.B
en C
arso
n’s
opin
ion,
you
crea
teyo
ur o
wn
luck
.The
47-
year
-old
Bla
ck n
euro
surg
eon,
who
ros
e to
inte
rnat
iona
l not
orie
ty w
hen
he s
ucce
ss-
fully
sep
arat
ed S
iam
ese
twin
s jo
ined
at
the
back
of
the
head
,ca
rrie
s th
e ph
iloso
phy
that
if
you
thin
kbi
g,yo
ur d
ream
s w
ill b
e re
alis
ed.“
Any
thin
g is
pos
si-
ble,
”sa
ys C
arso
n,w
ho h
as b
een
the
dire
ctor
of
Ped
iatr
ic
Neu
rosu
rger
y at
th
e Jo
hns
Hop
kins
Med
ical
Ins
titu
tion
in B
alti
mor
e si
nce
1984
.
In 1
987,
Dr.
Cars
on w
as t
he p
rim
ary
neur
osur
geon
amon
g th
e 70
-mem
ber
med
ical
tea
m t
hat
succ
essf
ul-
ly s
epar
ated
sev
en-m
onth
-old
Ger
man
cra
niop
agus
twin
boy
s (“
Siam
ese
Tw
ins”
).T
hey
wer
e jo
ined
at
the
back
of
the
head
and
sha
red
the
maj
or c
ereb
ral
bloo
d dr
aina
ge s
yste
m.
The
22-
hour
pro
cedu
re w
asbe
lieve
d to
be
the
first
tim
e hy
poth
erm
ia,t
he d
elib
-er
ate
low
erin
g of
body
tem
pera
ture
,w
as c
oupl
edw
ith
circ
ulat
ory
bypa
ss a
nd d
elib
erat
e ca
rdia
c ar
rest
to s
pare
bra
in t
issu
e fo
r su
ch a
pro
cedu
re.
The
boy
s ret
urne
d to
Ger
man
y af
ter s
even
mon
ths a
tH
opki
ns.I
n 19
97,D
r.Ca
rson
led
a te
am o
fdo
ctor
sin
Sou
th A
fric
a in
the
first
com
plet
ely
succ
essf
ul se
p-ar
atio
n of
vert
ical
cra
niop
agus
tw
ins
from
Zam
bia.
The
pro
cedu
re la
sted
28
hour
s,bu
t th
e 11
-mon
th-o
ldbo
ys s
how
ed n
o si
gns
ofim
pair
men
t.
Ove
r th
e la
st f
ew y
ears
,D
r.Ca
rson
has
dev
elop
ed,
wit
h H
opki
ns’p
last
ic s
urge
ry d
ivis
ion,
a si
gnifi
cant
cran
iofa
cial
pro
gram
in w
hich
chi
ldre
n w
ith
cong
en-
ital
def
orm
itie
s un
derg
o co
mbi
ned
neur
osur
gica
l and
plas
tic
surg
ical
rec
onst
ruct
ions
.He
is a
lso
part
of
agr
oup
stud
ying
th
e pr
oble
ms
ofac
hond
ropl
asti
cch
ildre
n an
d ha
s pa
rtic
ular
in
tere
st
in
cerv
ico-
med
ulla
ry c
ompr
essi
on a
nd i
ts t
reat
men
t.O
n th
ispa
rtic
ular
day
,he
had
take
n th
e ti
me
to s
pend
a fe
wm
omen
ts w
ith
a w
rite
r fo
r T
he B
lack
Col
legi
anM
agaz
ine
desp
ite
his
sche
dule
d si
x su
rger
ies.
Soan
othe
r op
erat
ive
wor
d in
the
Yal
e U
nive
rsit
y gr
ad-
uate
’s v
ocab
ular
y is
“fo
cus,
”an
abi
lity
he s
ays
was
nurt
ured
by
his
mot
her.
“She
wou
ld n
ever
acc
ept
your
exc
uses
.Whe
n pe
ople
won
’t a
ccep
t ex
cuse
s,yo
u st
op m
akin
g th
em,”
said
the
hum
ble
med
ical
w
onde
r an
d U
nive
rsit
y of
Mic
higa
n M
edic
al S
choo
l gra
duat
e,w
ho in
sist
s th
athe
is
not
an a
nom
aly.
His
bro
ther
is
a su
cces
sful
engi
neer
for
Alli
ed S
igna
l in
Sou
th B
end,
Indi
ana.
Bot
h m
en w
ere
rais
ed b
y th
eir
sing
le m
othe
r,w
hoin
sist
ed t
hat
her
boys
do
wel
l ac
adem
ical
ly.
She
requ
ired
that
they
read
boo
ks a
nd w
rite
boo
k re
port
sab
out
the
info
rmat
ion
they
had
gai
ned
desp
ite
her
illit
erac
y.It
was
dur
ing
his
teen
age
year
s th
at h
e“b
egan
to
unde
rsta
nd {
the
key
to s
ucce
ss}
thro
ugh
read
ing
abou
t th
e liv
es o
fsu
cces
sful
peo
ple.
The
yw
ere
orga
nize
d an
d to
ok a
dvan
tage
of
situ
atio
ns.
The
hal
lmar
k of
an i
neff
icie
nt p
erso
n is
doi
ng t
hesa
me
thin
g ov
er a
nd o
ver
and
over
aga
in,”
he s
aid.
Cars
on s
ugge
sts
findi
ng o
ut w
hat
your
gift
s ar
e by
doin
g so
me
self-
exam
inat
ion.
“Com
pile
a li
st,a
ctua
l-ly
do
som
e se
lf-st
udy.
You
’re
talk
ing
abou
t yo
ur li
fe,
so t
ake
the
tim
e to
do
this
,”he
say
s.“C
hoos
e fr
omam
ong
thos
e th
ings
.”Fo
r ex
ampl
e,on
e of
Cars
on’s
self-
asse
ssm
ents
was
tha
t he
was
alw
ays
a ve
ry c
are-
ful p
erso
n.A
nd a
ltho
ugh
he e
arne
d th
roug
h fo
rmal
stud
y th
e pr
ivile
ge o
fpr
acti
cing
med
icin
e as
a p
hysi
-ci
an,h
e al
so in
sist
s th
at “
you
don’
t ha
ve t
o ha
ve a
nad
vanc
ed d
egre
e.A
ll yo
u ne
ed is
a lo
ve a
nd a
des
ire
to m
ove
forw
ard
and
a w
illin
gnes
s to
ach
ieve
.“H
isde
sire
to
prac
tice
med
icin
e be
gan
whe
n he
was
eig
htye
ars
old,
begi
nnin
g w
ith
an i
nter
est
in p
sych
olog
ydu
e to
his
fas
cina
tion
wit
h th
e br
ain
and
how
it
wor
ks.
His
int
eres
t in
tens
ified
whe
n he
lis
tene
d to
mis
sion
sto
ries
in
chur
ch a
bout
doc
tors
who
wou
ldtr
avel
th
e w
orld
ad
dres
sing
m
edic
al
need
s.“I
thou
ght
it w
as t
he m
ost
nobl
e pr
ofes
sion
in
the
wor
ld.”
His
ent
ry in
to n
euro
surg
ery
was
ass
iste
d by
his
gift
of
eye-
hand
coo
rdin
atio
n.“T
he L
ord
has
bles
sed
me,
no q
uest
ion
abou
t it
,in
that
are
a,”
said
Cars
on.
One
of
the
way
s he
ack
now
ledg
es h
is b
less
ings
is
thro
ugh
the
Cars
on S
chol
ars
Fun
d,w
hich
he
crea
ted
afte
r ge
ttin
g ti
red
ofse
eing
ath
lete
s ge
t be
tter
rec
og-
niti
on t
han
acad
emic
ally
gift
ed s
tude
nts.
“I w
ould
see
a tr
emen
dous
dis
crep
ancy
in
acad
emic
and
ath
-le
tic
achi
evem
ents
,so
the
rec
ipie
nts
ofou
r sc
hola
r-sh
ips
earn
a t
roph
y as
larg
e or
larg
er t
han
the
athl
et-
ic o
nes
that
the
sch
ool m
ust
plac
e am
ongs
t th
e ot
h-er
s.”
The
fun
d is
tar
gete
d to
4th
-12t
h gr
ade
stu-
dent
s w
ith
supe
rior
aca
dem
ic r
ecor
ds,w
ho a
lso
show
hum
anis
tic
qual
itie
s.A
mon
etar
y aw
ard
of$1
,000
goes
into
esc
row
and
the
mon
ey is
tra
nsfe
rred
to
the
colle
ge o
fth
e st
uden
t’s
choi
ce w
hen
he o
r sh
e is
read
y to
m
atri
cula
te
ther
e.T
hey
also
re
ceiv
e a
med
al,
atte
nd a
ban
quet
in
thei
r ho
nor,
and
have
thei
r nam
es p
rint
ed in
the
new
spap
er a
nd a
nnou
nced
on t
elev
isio
n.So
me
stud
ents
’gr
ade
poin
t av
erag
esha
ve in
crea
sed
a w
hole
poi
nt,s
aid
Cars
on.
“Tha
t’s
wha
t w
e’ve
got
to
do i
n a
soci
ety
whe
rekn
owle
dge
is p
ower
.A
str
ong
back
is
no l
onge
ren
ough
.If
you
rely
on
the
med
ia,a
ll yo
u’ll
see
is t
hegl
orifi
cati
on o
fth
at m
ulti
-mill
ion
cont
ract
for
ath
-le
tes
and
all t
hat
hulla
balo
o ab
out
ente
rtai
ners
.Our
yout
h fo
llow
tha
t st
uff
like
the
Pie
d P
iper
,whi
ch is
as e
ffec
tive
as
putt
ing
a sh
ackl
e on
the
ir a
nkle
s an
ddr
ivin
g a
stak
e in
the
gro
und.
It’s
sti
ll sl
aver
y an
dit
’s fr
ustr
atin
g to
me,
”sa
id C
arso
n.“T
he o
ppor
tuni
-ti
es h
ere
are
abso
lute
ly e
norm
ous
for
peop
le w
how
ant
them
”.Ca
rson
rec
alls
a lu
ncht
ime
conv
ersa
tion
he h
ad w
ith
the
late
A.G
.G
asto
n,w
ho f
inan
ced
muc
h of
the
Civi
l Rig
hts
mov
emen
t in
Bir
min
gham
,A
laba
ma.
Gas
ton
was
a s
elf-
mad
e m
ulti
-mill
iona
ire
in t
he 1
930s
and
194
0s.
“I a
sked
him
,ho
w d
id y
oube
com
e a
mill
iona
ire
in t
he 3
0s a
nd 4
0s?"
And
he
said
,"It
was
sim
ple,
I op
ened
my
eyes
and
I lo
oked
arou
nd a
nd I
sai
d w
hat
do p
eopl
e ne
ed?
He
adds
that
the
wor
d "y
oung
" do
es n
ot r
efer
to
age,
just
your
sta
rtin
g po
int.
"It's
nev
er t
oo l
ate.
Whe
n I
reti
re,
my
goal
is
to b
ecom
e a
wor
ld-c
lass
org
anis
t,an
d I
don'
t ev
en k
now
how
to
play
the
org
an.I
don
'tth
ink
it's
goin
g to
be
too
late
." H
e sh
ares
tha
t be
lief
wit
h ch
ildre
n,in
clud
ing
his
own
thre
e bo
ys,a
ges
12,
14,
and
16.
Just
lik
e hi
s m
othe
r,"I
do
not
acce
ptex
cuse
s.I
dem
and
a lo
t fr
om t
hem
,bu
t I
wor
ryab
out
them
bec
ause
the
y do
n't
have
the
har
dshi
ps I
had.
Har
dshi
p w
as a
tre
men
dous
forc
e in
dri
ving
me
to s
ucce
ed.I
wan
t m
y bo
ys t
o un
ders
tand
res
pons
i-bi
lity
and
acce
pt a
ccou
ntab
ility
for
thei
r liv
es."
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 7
BBllaacc
kk--BBrr
iigghhtt
-- IItt’’
ss aabb
oouutt
CChh
aallllee
nnggiinn
gg PPee
rrcceepp
ttiioonnss
Rea
ders
sa
y th
ey
have
fo
und
Bla
ck-B
righ
t “r
elev
ant,
usef
ul
and
info
rmat
ive”
BLA
CK
-BR
IGH
TSt
imul
ates
by:
enco
urag
ing
our
read
ers
to fu
rthe
r de
velo
p t
heir
tal
-en
ts,v
iew
s an
d po
sitiv
e id
eas;
activ
ely
invi
ting
part
ici-
patio
n fr
om
peop
le
who
ha
ve
cons
truc
tive
idea
s,en
thus
iasm
and
a p
assi
on f
or e
xpre
ssin
g is
sues
;pr
o-vi
ding
a m
ediu
m w
here
rea
ders
and
con
trib
utor
s ca
nex
pres
s th
emse
lves
to
a gl
obal
aud
ienc
e.
BLA
CK
-BR
IGH
T E
duca
tes
by:
subl
imin
ally
dev
elop
ing
read
ers
who
are
lim
ited
from
thei
r fu
ll po
tent
ial b
ecau
se o
f life
exp
erie
nces
;rem
ov-
ing
the
ceili
ng t
hat
limits
tha
t po
tent
ial t
hrou
gh a
war
e-ne
ss r
aisi
ng s
trat
egie
s;pr
ovid
ing
a ne
w p
arad
igm
of
thin
king
(h
ence
its
aw
ard-
win
ning
app
eal
and
glob
alre
ader
ship
);an
d ac
ting
as a
cro
ss-g
ener
atio
nal
and
cros
s-cu
ltura
l adv
ocat
e fo
r lif
e-lo
ng le
arni
ng.
BLA
CK
-BR
IGH
TM
otiv
ates
by :
Focu
ssin
g on
the
em
otio
nal
need
s an
d as
pira
tions
of
its r
eade
rs;
iden
tifyi
ng w
ays
to r
ejuv
enat
e,re
build
and
resh
ape
our
cultu
re;e
ncou
ragi
ng p
ositi
ve a
ttitu
des
and
real
istic
exp
ecta
tions
to
enab
le a
sen
se o
f wel
lbei
ng.
BLA
CK
-BR
IGH
TE
leva
tes
by:
Impl
emen
ting
ethi
cal,
mor
al a
nd s
piri
tual
cha
ract
erbu
ildin
g st
rate
gies
with
in a
rtic
les
and
stor
ies
for
the
uplif
tmen
t of
its
read
ers.
Bla
ckbr
ight
New
s w
as n
omin
ated
for
the
Nat
ionw
ide
Aw
ard
for
Volu
ntar
y E
ndea
vour
in
2007
.B
lack
brig
htN
ews
was
no
min
ated
fo
r an
d re
ceiv
ed:
the
Bla
ckB
usin
ess
Init
iati
ve A
war
d 20
06 f
or u
sing
soc
ial
entr
e-pr
enur
ials
hip
to
enlig
hten
th
e bl
ack
com
mun
ity;
the
May
or’s
Cit
izen
ship
Aw
ard
2007
for
its
outs
tand
ing
serv
-ic
e to
the
loc
al c
omm
unit
y an
d th
e A
fric
an-C
arib
bean
Ach
ieve
r’s
Aw
ard
2007
in
reco
gnit
ion
for
outs
tand
ing
acco
mpl
ishm
ents
in
Luto
n an
d no
min
ated
for
Lea
rnD
irec
t Aw
ard
in 2
008.
Blac
k-Br
ight
has
pro
vided
em
ploy
men
t op
port
uniti
es fo
r its
vol
unte
ers
and
the
Foun
der
is ob
tain
ing
the
requ
isite
qua
lifica
tions
to e
nabl
e he
rto
tea
ch in
the
Life
long
Lea
rnin
g Se
ctor
so
that
she
can
ass
ist a
dults
with
thei
r lite
racy
and
num
erac
y ne
eds.
The
Foun
der i
s cu
rren
tly a
ssist
-in
g KS
4 st
uden
ts w
ith th
eir
GCS
E En
glish
and
is a
lso a
ssist
ing
EEC
&As
ian
stud
ents
with
Eng
lish
Lite
racy
,pro
nunc
iatio
n an
d G
ram
mar
.Sh
eho
pes
that
by
help
ing
one
pers
on a
t a
time,
she
can
even
tual
lyen
able
the
Lut
on c
omm
unity
.
7
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 8
8
Mich
aelle
Jean
, Can
ada’
s Bla
ck
Gove
rnor
-Gen
eral
CCaann
aaddaa
hhaass
ssoomm
eeoonnee
tthh
ee UU
SS
iissnn’’
tt ttee
lllliinngg
uuss
aabboouu
tt..
TThhee
GGoovv
eerrnnoo
rr GG
eenneerr
aall oo
ff CCaann
aaddaa
iiss tthh
ee vvii
ccee--rr
eeggaall
oorr vv
iicceerr
ooyy rr
eepprree
sseenntt
aattiivv
ee iinn
CCaann
aaddaa
ooff tthh
ee QQ
uueeeenn
ooff CC
aannaadd
aa,, ww
hhoo iiss
tthhee
HHeeaa
dd ooff
SSttaa
ttee..
AA vv
iicceerr
ooyy iiss
aa rroo
yyaall oo
ffffiiccii
aall ww
hhoo gg
oovveerr
nnss aa
ccoouu
nnttrryy
iinn tthh
ee nnaa
mmee
ooff,,
aa
nndd
aa
ss rree
pprree
sseenn
ttaattiivv
ee
ooff
tthhee
mm
oonn
aarrcc
hh..
CCaann
aaddaa
iiss oo
nnee oo
ff ssii
xxtteeee
nn BB
rriittiiss
hh CC
oommmm
oonnww
eeaalltthh
rreeaall
mmss,,
aallll
ooff ww
hhiicchh
sshhaa
rree tt
hhee BB
rriittiiss
hh mm
oonnaarr
cchh aa
sstthh
eeiirr
rrooyyaa
ll llee
aaddeerr
.. TT
hhee
mmoonn
aarrcchh
aapp
ppooiinn
ttss
tthhee
GGoovv
eerrnnoo
rr GG
eenneerr
aall oo
nn tthh
ee aadd
vviiccee
ooff
tthhee
CCaann
aaddiiaa
nnPP
rriimmee
MMiinn
iissttee
rr,,
wwhhoo
iiss
tthh
ee CC
aannaadd
iiaann
HHeeaa
dd ooff
GGoovv
eerrnnmm
eenntt,,
aaffttee
rr ww
hhiicchh
tthhee
GGoovv
eerrnnoo
rr GG
eenneerr
aallmm
aaiinntt
aaiinnss
ddiirree
cctt cc
oonnttaa
cctt ww
iitthh tt
hhee BB
rriittiiss
hh mm
oonnaarr
cchh..
TThhee
rree iiss
nnoo
ssppeecc
iiffiicc
tteerrmm
..
PPrree
ssiiddee
nntt BB
aarraacc
kk OO
bbaamm
aa aann
dd CC
aannaadd
iiaann
GGoovv
eerrnnoo
rrGG
eenneerr
aall,,
MMiicc
hhaaeell
llee JJ
eeaann,,
wwaall
kk aacc
rroossss
tthhee
ttaarr
mmaacc
ffoolllloo
wwiinn
gg
hhiiss
aa
rrrriivv
aall
iinn
OOtttt
aaww
aa,,
CCaa
nnaa
ddaa
oo
nnTT
hhuurrss
ddaayy,,
FF
eebb..
1199,,
22000099
.. MM
iicchhaa
eellllee
JJee
aann
hhaass
bbee
eenn
GG
oovvee
rrnnoo
rr GG
eenn
eerraa
ll oo
ff CC
aann
aadd
aa
ssiinn
cceeSS
eeppttee
mmbbee
rr 2277
,, 220000
55..
Mic
haël
le J
ean
(bor
n S
epte
mbe
r 6,
195
7, in
Por
t-au
-Prin
ce ,
Hai
ti )
is th
e cu
rren
t Gov
erno
r G
ener
alo
f C
an
ad
a.
Jea
n
wa
s a
pp
oin
ted
b
y Q
ue
en
Eliz
abet
h II,
on
th
e re
com
men
datio
n of
P
rime
Min
iste
r P
au
l M
art
in,
to
succ
ee
d
Ad
rie
nn
eC
lark
son,
and
bec
ome
the
27th
Gov
erno
r Gen
eral
of C
anad
a si
nce
Con
fede
ratio
n in
186
7. P
rior
toth
is,
Jean
was
a j
ourn
alis
t an
d br
oadc
aste
r on
Rad
io-C
anad
a an
d th
e C
BC
.
As
the
curr
ent G
over
nor
Gen
eral
of C
anad
a , s
heis
ent
itled
to
be s
tyle
d H
er E
xcel
lenc
y w
hile
in
offic
e, a
nd T
he R
ight
Hon
oura
ble
for
life;
giv
encu
rren
t pr
actic
e,
she
will
be
sw
orn
in
to
the
Que
en’s
Priv
y C
ounc
il fo
r C
anad
a af
ter
her
term
as
the
Q
ue
en
’s
rep
rese
nta
tive
h
as
en
de
d.
Jean
fle
d H
aiti
with
he
r fa
mily
fr
om
dict
ator
Fra
nçoi
s D
uval
ier’s
reg
ime
in 1
968.
Her
fat
her,
from
who
m s
he w
as e
stra
nged
for
man
y ye
ars,
wa
s a
p
hilo
sop
he
r w
ho
w
as
tort
ure
d
un
de
rD
uval
ier’s
reg
ime
and
sepa
rate
d fr
om t
he f
amily
for
30 y
ears
. T
he J
ean
fam
ily s
ettle
d at
The
tford
Min
es ,
Que
bec.
As
a st
uden
t at
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f M
ontr
eal
, Je
anre
ceiv
ed a
Bac
helo
r of
Art
s de
gree
in
Italia
n an
dH
ispa
nic
lang
uage
s an
d lit
erat
ure
and,
from
198
4un
til 1
986,
tau
ght
Italia
n st
udie
s w
hile
com
plet
ing
a M
aste
r of
Art
s de
gree
in c
ompa
rativ
e lit
erat
ure.
Jean
at
tend
ed
the
Uni
vers
ity
of
Flo
renc
e,
the
Uni
vers
ity o
f Per
ugia
, an
d th
e C
atho
lic U
nive
rsity
of M
ilan
to c
ontin
ue h
er s
tudi
es i
n la
ngua
ge a
ndlit
erat
ure.
Bes
ides
Fre
nch
and
Eng
lish,
Jea
n is
fluen
t in
Spa
nish
, Ita
lian,
and
Hai
tian
Cre
ole
and
can
read
Por
tugu
ese.
ww
w.c
anad
a-he
ros.c
om
DDIIDD
YYOO
UU KK
NNOO
WW....
UK
Air
Pass
en
ger
Du
ty s
et
to r
ise b
y u
p t
o£
10
0 p
er
pers
on
on
Cari
bb
ean
flig
hts
Gov
ernm
ents
of
the
Car
ibbea
n h
ave
united
in
pro
test
at
the
British
gov
ernm
ents
pla
ns
to c
har
ge
a hig
her
airport
dep
artu
re t
ax o
n v
isitors
to t
he
Car
ibbea
n t
han
the
tax
pai
d b
y British
vis
itors
to
som
e oth
er m
ajor
des
tinat
ions.
In N
ovem
ber
2009 t
he
airp
ort
dep
artu
re t
ax o
nflig
hts
to t
he
Car
ibbea
n is
due
to incr
ease
by
bet
wee
n 2
5 p
er c
ent
and 8
7 p
er c
ent,
dep
endin
gupon t
he
clas
s of
trav
el.
In N
ovem
ber
2010 t
hose
incr
ease
s w
ill r
each
as
hig
h a
s 94 p
er c
ent.
This
mea
ns
that
anyo
ne
trav
ellin
g t
o t
he
Car
ibbea
nfr
om
the
UK w
ill p
ay a
t le
ast
£50 A
ir P
asse
nger
Duty
for
thei
r flig
ht.
This
will
add a
sig
nific
ant
amount
on t
o t
he
price
of
Airlin
e tick
ets
for
all th
eW
est
India
ns
who f
requen
tly
fly
bac
k hom
e fo
rva
rious
reas
ons
and o
ccas
ions.
The
new
str
uct
ure
will
com
e in
to e
ffec
t in
Nov
ember
2009.
FLYCRC.c
om
alo
ng w
ith T
he
Ass
oci
atio
n o
f British
Trav
el A
gen
ts a
nd t
he
indust
ry t
rade
pap
er T
rave
lTr
ade
Gaz
ette
hav
e la
unch
ed a
n o
nlin
e pet
itio
n.
The
dea
dlin
e has
pas
sed b
ut
the
link
is:
htt
p:/
/p
eti
tio
ns.
nu
mb
er1
0.g
ov.u
k/
AP
Dta
x/
.
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 9
FR
EE
onl
ine
futu
re e
diti
ons
ofB
BN
?em
ail:
blac
kbri
ghtn
ews@
aol.c
omF
OR
LIM
ITE
DE
DIT
ION
SO
FPA
STH
AR
D C
OP
IES?
ww
w.m
yspa
ce.c
om/b
lack
brig
htne
ws
and
clic
k on
the
Pay
pal b
utto
n an
d yo
u w
ill r
ecei
ve it
wit
hin
3 - 5
day
s.Ju
st £
3.00
!!F
OR
AD
VE
RT
ISIN
G E
NQ
UIR
IES
plea
se e
mai
l bla
ckbr
ight
ltd@
aol.c
om
for
mor
e in
fo:w
ww.
blac
kbri
ghtn
ews.
com
Tel:
0158
2 72
1 60
5
Back
Issu
es, A
rt Ca
rds a
nd M
yrna
Loy’s
Tra
velo
gue
“The
Oth
er S
ide
of To
urism
” (B
uy N
ow fo
r onl
y £5
)(It
’s th
e fu
nny
side
of b
eing
Brit
ish in
Jam
aica
!)9
Do
you
know
Som
eone
who
can
’t re
ad?
Adu
lts o
f all
natio
nalit
ies
and
back
grou
nds
suffe
r fr
omth
e in
abili
ty t
o re
ad a
nd w
rite
and
it is
not
un
til t
hey
ente
r th
e re
alm
of
the
unem
ploy
ed a
nd a
re r
equi
red
to
com
plet
e A
pplic
atio
ns
for
Empl
oym
ent
or
Job
Cen
tre
form
s th
at it
rea
lly b
ecom
es n
otic
eabl
e.In
this
time
of r
eces
sion
,bei
ng a
ble
to r
ead,
wri
te a
nd s
peak
Engl
ish
to a
cer
tain
sta
ndar
d is
impe
rativ
e w
hen
iden
-tif
ying
wha
t be
nefit
s yo
u m
ight
be
entit
led
to,o
r ne
edto
com
plet
e fo
rms.
Bein
g lit
erat
e ca
n gi
ve y
ou,o
rth
ose
you
love
,pea
ce o
f min
d.
I kno
w a
dults
in th
eir
40s
- 70s
who
can
’t re
ad a
nd a
reto
o em
barr
asse
d to
adm
it it,
and
unle
ss th
ey d
ecid
e to
com
e fo
r he
lp,I
can
not
enab
le t
hem
.
I am
so
glad
tha
t th
ere
is n
ow a
rig
orou
s at
tem
pt t
och
ange
the
way
our
you
ng p
eopl
e le
arn
in s
choo
l,a
tech
niqu
e w
hich
sho
uld
brin
g go
od r
esul
ts.
As
men
tione
d in
my
last
issu
e,th
ere
is a
lot
of h
ype
abou
t ou
r yo
ung
adul
ts l
eavi
ng s
choo
l w
ithou
t ba
sic
skill
s.Te
ache
rs a
re n
ow o
fferi
ng p
erso
nalis
ed tr
aini
ng,
rest
orat
ive
just
ice,
peer
m
edia
ting
tech
niqu
es
and
embe
ddin
g fu
nctio
nal
basi
c sk
ills
into
the
cur
ricu
lum
to e
nabl
e ou
r yo
ung
peop
le t
o le
ave
scho
ol/c
olle
gew
ith b
asic
life
ski
lls,a
nd t
his
is a
fant
astic
initi
ativ
e! I
f Iam
abl
e to
man
age
the
pare
nts’
bas
ic s
kills
,the
y ca
n be
equi
pped
to
a si
mila
r st
anda
rd.
Este
lle M
orri
s,th
e Se
cret
ary
of S
tate
for
Edu
catio
n,cl
aim
s “t
hat
one
in f
ive
of t
he a
dult
popu
latio
n do
esno
t ha
ve t
he s
kills
of t
he a
vera
ge 1
1 ye
ar o
ld a
nd a
rego
od a
t hi
ding
thi
s fr
om fa
mily
and
frie
nds”
Con
tact
the
Cul
tura
l G
arde
n on
015
82 7
21 6
05 a
ndm
ake
an a
ppoi
ntm
ent
for
an in
form
al in
itia
l ass
essm
ent.
cult
ural
gard
en@
aol.c
om
ww
w. m
yspa
ce.c
om/c
ultu
ralg
arde
n
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:49 Page 10
10
DID
YO
U K
NO
W...
...T
he f
amou
s ne
urol
ogis
t,D
r B
en C
arso
n’s
mot
her
drop
ped
out
ofsc
hool
;go
t m
arri
edat
the
age
of
13 y
ears
old
;go
t di
vorc
ed a
ndsi
ngle
-han
dedl
y ra
ised
Ben
and
his
bro
ther
?D
id y
ou k
now,
Ben
was
bot
tom
of
his
clas
s,w
as
calle
d a
dum
my,
had
unco
ntro
llabl
ean
ger,
real
ly b
ad g
rade
s an
d it
was
n’t
unti
lhi
s m
othe
r st
eppe
d in
,pre
vent
ed t
hem
fro
mw
atch
ing
TV
and
pla
ying
gam
es;
inst
ruct
edth
em t
o re
ad 2
boo
ks a
wee
k an
d pr
epar
ew
ritt
en r
epor
ts f
or h
er t
o re
ad(e
ven
thou
ghsh
e w
as i
llite
rate
) th
at B
en,
in p
arti
cula
rre
alis
ed h
e w
asn’
t st
upid
whe
n he
rec
ogni
ssed
rock
sam
ples
his
tea
cher
had
bro
ught
in
tocl
ass
from
a b
ook
he r
ead.
At
that
poi
nt h
ere
alis
ed h
e w
asn’
t st
upid
and
tha
t m
otiv
ated
him
.H
e w
as t
op o
fth
e cl
ass
wit
hin
a ye
ar!
It j
ust
goes
to
show
tha
t gr
eat
thin
gs c
anco
me
from
hum
ble
begi
nnin
gs.
(Rea
d P
age
6)
You
are
Bri
tish
-Wes
t In
dies
whe
n...
you
had
to h
ave
‘was
h ou
t’ at
the
begi
nnin
g of
sch
ool h
ol-
iday
s.
You
w
ear
a he
ad
stoc
king
(o
r st
ocki
ng
foot
) to
bed…
..eve
n no
w!!
You
kno
w w
ho J
im R
eeve
s is
. Y
ou d
rink
tea
with
Car
natio
n m
ilk!
You
wer
e se
nt t
o th
e ‘In
dian
Man
Sho
p’ t
o bu
y an
oni
on.
If yo
u sa
t ne
ar a
win
dow
, yo
u m
ight
‘cat
ch a
dra
ft in
you
r ne
ck!
Whe
n yo
ur m
um n
ever
let
you
eat “
pon
stre
et”
or fr
om p
eopl
e ho
uses
– co
s th
en th
ey’ll
thin
kth
at
she
don’
t fe
ed
you!
You
r he
arin
g qu
ality
is
20
%im
paire
d be
low
ave
rage
bec
ause
of
mus
ic a
t fa
mily
par
ties.
You
had
to w
ear
“pan
ty”
unde
r yo
ur s
wim
suit.
You
kno
w w
hoH
elvi
s is
. Y
ou h
ate
to th
row
aw
ay e
mpt
y co
ntai
ners
O
ne o
fyo
ur A
unts
cla
ims
to h
ave
‘had
a d
ream
’ ab
out
ever
ythi
ng.
And
whe
n ev
er s
omeo
ne a
nnou
nces
that
they
are
exp
ectin
ga
baby
, sh
e sa
ys s
he’s
bee
n dr
eam
ing
abou
t fis
h.
You
’ve
eate
n ac
kee
& s
altfi
sh fo
r br
eakf
ast.
At C
hris
tmas
you
hav
eto
hav
e “b
lack
cak
e” a
nd s
orre
l. Y
ou c
an k
iss
your
tee
th(c
hups
) fo
r m
ore
than
3 s
econ
ds.
You
brin
g ho
me
food
from
a pa
rty
(eno
ugh
for
your
bre
akfa
st t
he n
ext
mor
ning
, yo
urlu
nch
and
your
din
ner!
) Y
ou g
ot a
sked
, (w
hen
you
wer
e cr
y-in
g af
ter
havi
ng b
een
told
off)
whe
ther
you
wan
ted
som
e-th
ing
to c
ry f
or?
You
kne
w y
ou w
ere
actin
g ba
d an
d yo
urm
um g
ave
you
TH
AT
loo
k!!!
Whe
n “k
iss
mi
neck
” im
plie
ssu
rpris
e as
opp
osed
to a
req
uest
for
affe
ctio
n; W
hen
it’s
bad
man
ners
not
to
ackn
owle
dge
your
eld
ers
in t
he s
tree
t; Y
ougo
t be
ats…
som
etim
es w
ith a
bel
t. Y
ou h
ave
a sc
ar o
n yo
urbo
dy fr
om r
unni
ng in
to th
e pa
raffi
n he
ater
. The
re w
as a
cle
arpl
astic
cov
erin
g st
rip a
long
the
pas
sage
to
prot
ect
the
car-
pet.
You
DO
N’T
atte
nd t
he w
eddi
ng b
ut y
ou D
O a
ttend
the
wed
ding
par
ty…l
ate!
You
r gr
an m
ade
you
wat
ch “
Son
gs o
f Pra
ise”
. A c
hick
en le
gw
as th
e be
st fo
od in
the
wor
ld. W
hen
your
bro
ther
/ si
ster
did
som
ethi
ng b
ad, y
ou s
aid,
“I’m
telli
ng, y
ou s
mel
ling,
you
wen
tto
a b
lack
man
’s w
eddi
ng”…
….th
en a
fter
they
got
bea
ts, y
ou’d
say,
“Li
ckin
s G
uy!”
You
wer
e ne
ver
allo
wed
int
o th
e lo
cked
“fro
nt r
oom
” w
ith t
he b
ar;
star
ched
cro
chet
doi
lies;
Als
atio
nst
atue
tte; S
hire
hor
se p
ullin
g th
e ca
rt; w
hite
cat
; blu
e m
arbl
eef
fect
, gla
ss fi
sh fi
gurin
e; a
nd c
offe
e ta
ble
with
the
gold
sw
anle
gs!
You
r m
um h
ad a
spe
cial
occ
asio
n gl
ass
cabi
net
whi
chN
EV
ER
got
use
d! Y
our
mum
was
hed
out o
ld ic
e cr
eam
and
mar
garin
e tu
bs a
nd u
se t
hem
as
“tup
pa w
ear”
. I
f yo
u sa
y,“S
ham
e G
uy”.
If
all
your
mum
’s f
riend
s ar
e au
ntie
s an
d al
lth
eir
child
ren
are
your
cou
sins
If y
our
mum
mak
es y
ou k
eep
your
old
clo
thes
to
wea
r as
“ho
use
clot
hes”
and
you
mus
tch
ange
int
o th
em a
s so
on a
s yo
u ge
t ho
me
from
sch
ool
/w
ork!
! Eve
n no
w!!
If yo
u un
ders
tand
that
the
wor
d “e
gg”
con-
tain
s an
H b
ut t
he w
ord
“tee
th”
does
n’t.
If
you
unde
rsta
ndth
at S
ache
rday
is t
he d
ay b
efor
e S
unda
y.
If yo
u ha
ve b
een
cuffe
d up
in p
ublic
. If y
ou k
now
wha
t a F
ILIM
is.
If yo
u kn
oww
hat
a C
ER
FIT
ICA
TE
is.
If
you
had
the
tips
of y
our
ears
burn
ed w
ith a
n iro
n co
mb
in t
he k
itche
n w
hen
you
wer
eyo
unge
r!
The
tho
ught
of
“brin
ging
sha
me
on y
our
fam
ily”
ism
ore
fear
ful t
han
deat
h. Y
ou h
ave
neve
r le
ft th
e ho
use
with
-ou
t cr
eam
ing
your
fac
e fir
st.
Vas
elin
e w
as o
ften
the
crea
m.
You
wor
e ta
lcum
pow
der
in y
our
knic
kers
and
on
your
che
st.
Whe
n yo
u fe
ar y
our
pare
nts
mor
e th
an y
ou fe
ared
the
polic
eor
any
sch
oolte
ache
r W
hen
at p
artie
s al
l the
chi
ldre
n w
ere
sent
to a
noth
er r
oom
whi
le “
big
peop
le”
wer
e do
ing
“big
peo
-pl
e tin
gs”
like…
..drin
king
, sm
okin
g, p
layi
ng d
omin
oes.
Trus
t th
is b
roug
ht a
nos
talg
ic s
mile
to
your
face
(sen
t to
me
by e
mai
l - T
he E
dito
r)
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:50 Page 11
DO
N’T
GIV
E IN
Don
’t gi
ve u
p w
hate
ver l
ife m
ay b
ring
Livi
ng in
toda
y’s
wor
ld
can
be a
ver
y di
fficu
lt th
ing
Con
tinue
to m
ove
forw
ard
and
striv
eFo
r God
will
hel
p yo
u to
sur
vive
Try
hard
to s
ucce
ed in
life
Whi
le a
lway
s m
akin
g a
sacr
ifice
Don
’t gi
ve u
p on
you
r hop
es a
nd d
ream
sB
ecau
se G
od w
ill h
elp
you
find
the
will
and
mea
nsH
old
onto
them
dili
gent
lyB
ut y
ou m
ust p
leas
e w
ait p
atie
ntly
No
one
said
that
life
wou
ld n
ever
be
toug
hN
o on
e sa
id th
ings
wou
ldn’
t be
roug
h
It’s
easy
to b
e st
rong
w
hen
thin
gs a
re g
oing
wel
lB
ut it
take
s ex
tra c
oura
ge
whe
n th
ings
go
wro
ng fo
r you
to te
llIf
wha
t com
es y
our w
ay d
on’t
brea
k yo
uTh
en a
ll it
can
do is
stre
ngth
en y
ouIn
a li
ttle
whi
le it
will
sha
pe y
ouIn
to a
toug
her,
wis
er a
nd m
ore
conf
iden
t you
Rel
ax if
nee
ds b
e, b
ut d
on’t
give
inR
emai
n st
rong
and
don
’t be
bea
ting
Your
stre
ngth
is n
ot in
giv
ing
inB
ut b
y no
t qui
tting
and
hop
ing
to w
in
Clif
ton
Cam
eron
http
://au
thor
tree.
com
/cca
mer
on.
11
NNoo
CCoonn
sscciiee
nnccee
The
y le
ft hi
m f
or d
ead
Afte
r sp
littin
g hi
s he
ad o
pen
with
a h
amm
erA
nd I
hea
rd t
hem
laug
hing
And
poi
ntin
gA
t th
e bl
ood
pour
ing
from
his
hea
d.
The
y le
ft hi
m f
or d
ead
A lo
nely
ano
mal
y w
alki
ng h
ome
to h
is f
amily
,an
d a
fam
ily la
ughi
ng..
W
hile
the
bre
adw
inne
r is
dyi
ng..
His
blo
od h
as s
topp
ed c
lotti
ng –
he’
s de
ad
Left
for
dead
...A
lone
ly w
oman
wal
king
hom
e to
her
fam
ilyW
itnes
sing
the
tra
gedy
Scr
eam
ing
help
less
ly.
Whi
le t
hey
are
laug
hing
Wav
ing
a ha
mm
er,
smas
hing
her
hea
d.
Yes
the
y w
ere
ham
mer
edA
nd s
he c
ould
hea
r th
em s
ayin
g..
“Sill
y bi
tch
for
inte
rfer
ing”
She
hea
rd t
hem
exp
lain
..“S
he g
ot in
the
way
-
She
’s o
nly
got
hers
elf
to b
lam
e!”
I ha
d ha
ppen
ed b
yA
nd h
eard
a m
an c
ryI
wat
ched
him
die
At
thei
r ha
nds.
All
I sa
id w
as “
Wha
t ar
e yo
u do
ing?
”A
rhe
toric
al q
uest
ion
whi
ch g
ot t
hem
mov
ing,
in m
y di
rect
ion.
“Hey
Mis
s –
d’ y
ou k
now
wha
t ha
ppen
s w
hen
you
don’
t m
ind
your
ow
n bu
sine
ss?”
I re
mem
ber
them
laug
hing
an
d co
axin
g an
d jo
lting
.
I re
mem
ber
the
thud
aga
inst
the
fro
nt o
f m
y he
adI
rem
embe
r fe
elin
g, w
arm
blo
od r
eelin
g..
I re
mem
ber
him
say
ing.
.“L
et’s
leav
e he
r..
she’
s de
ad!”
bbyy MM
yyrrnnaa
LLooyy
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:50 Page 12
My A
ngola
n Exp
erien
ceby
a Mi
ssion
Retu
rnee
(199
6)
My
first
impr
essi
on o
f th
e co
untr
y w
as n
ot a
goo
don
e.
I w
as i
nstin
ctiv
ely
afra
id e
ven
thou
gh I
had
self-
talk
ed m
ysel
f in
to n
ot b
eing
so.
T
he p
lane
land
ed a
t Lu
anda
Airp
ort
and
at le
ast
70 c
hild
ren
wer
e lin
ed u
p be
hind
the
fee
ble
barr
ier
desi
gned
to p
reve
nt a
n in
vasi
on o
f th
e ai
rpor
t.
Sup
erfic
ially
, th
e ch
ildre
n w
ere
not
attr
activ
e,sc
uttli
ng a
roun
d in
torn
sho
rts
or c
ut je
ans.
Tig
ht-
mou
thed
, ba
re-c
hest
ed
and
bare
-foo
ted,
th
eym
eand
ered
, su
rvey
ing
the
targ
ets
— t
he n
ewco
m-
ers.
The
ir ey
es s
park
led
with
ang
er a
nd a
gita
tion
amid
st c
assa
va c
over
ed f
aces
.
A p
hoto
grap
hic
mem
ory
of d
estit
utio
n di
d no
t tr
igge
r sy
mpa
thy
-N
ew Y
ork
had
taug
ht m
e to
be
imm
une
to p
over
-ty
. R
emin
ders
of
the
hom
eles
s, t
he d
isab
led,
the
hung
ry o
n th
e st
reet
s of
Man
hatta
n, s
tood
bef
ore
me
in t
he f
orm
of
child
ren
and
I w
onde
red
if ch
il-dr
en m
ade
hung
ry a
nd d
estit
ute
by th
e ra
vage
s of
war
, co
uld
leav
e m
e un
mov
ed.
The
y ha
d to
, fo
rm
y ow
n sa
fety
. I
pas
sed
them
in a
n in
stru
men
tal
fash
ion
and
was
relie
ved
to s
ee th
e U
NA
VE
M re
p-re
sent
ativ
e w
avin
g a
plac
ard
notif
ying
new
sta
ffm
embe
rs o
f hi
s pr
esen
ce.
As
I m
ade
my
way
to
the
entr
ance
of
the
airp
ort,
my
pass
port
was
sna
tche
d aw
ay f
rom
me
and
con
fisca
ted
b
y o
ne
o
f th
e
air
po
rt
off
icia
ls.
Pre
occu
pied
abo
ut g
ettin
g it
back
, I
coul
d no
tun
ders
tand
the
nonc
hala
nce
of th
e U
NA
VE
M r
ep-
rese
ntat
ive:
“I
’ll g
et i
t la
ter,
” he
sai
d in
cry
ptic
Eng
lish
[How
cou
ld h
e ge
t it l
ater
if h
e di
dn’t
even
know
who
had
tak
en it
?] I
tho
ught
. I
didn
’t ha
ve a
voic
e. I
felt
help
less
and
vul
nera
ble
bein
g un
able
to c
omm
unic
ate
in P
ortu
gues
e -
the
lang
uage
of
the
loca
l peo
ple.
I re
trie
ved
my
lugg
age,
whi
ch
happ
ened
qu
itequ
ickl
y co
nsid
erin
g ho
wdi
sorg
anis
ed e
very
thin
glo
oke
d.
I a
llow
ed
a
youn
g bo
y to
hel
p m
e,a
nd
g
ave
h
im
US
$2
.T
he r
epre
sent
ativ
e to
ldm
e th
at
I sh
ould
n’t
have
gi
ven
him
so
m
uch
mon
ey a
nd th
at o
ne U
S$
was
wor
th a
roun
d 5
mil-
lion
Kw
anza
s. F
ive
mill
ion
kwan
zas
did
not m
ean
anyt
hing
to m
e, I
just
wan
ted
to g
et m
y st
uff i
n th
eva
n an
d le
ave!
Lo
okin
g at
nee
dy c
hild
ren
mad
em
e fe
el g
uilty
.
I di
scov
ered
tha
t ap
art
from
mys
elf,
two
othe
r‘n
ewco
mer
s’ w
ere
wel
com
ed b
y A
ngol
an s
oil.
AB
elgi
an,
intr
oduc
ed
him
self
as
Jin
Tan
glec
(I
smile
d at
him
bec
ause
he
was
ver
y cu
te)
and
are
ally
tal
l la
dy f
rom
Nor
way
, in
trod
uced
her
self,
but
I di
dn’t
rem
embe
r he
r na
me.
We
wer
e al
l bun
dled
in a
bus
and
driv
en a
way
. I
look
ed o
ut o
f th
e w
indo
w d
urin
g th
e 20
min
ute
driv
e. B
uild
ings
wer
e su
nken
in a
val
ley,
no
roof
san
d no
foun
datio
ns.
It w
as o
ne s
trai
ght r
oad
from
the
airp
ort,
the
entr
ance
s in
to c
onne
ctin
g ro
ads
wer
e su
btle
and
dev
ious
. T
he S
amba
Roa
d w
ascr
owde
d w
ith p
eopl
e, m
ostly
wom
en a
nd c
hild
ren.
It w
as t
he S
amba
Roa
d th
at w
as n
otor
ious
for
deat
hs o
f di
ffere
nt s
orts
, m
ostly
car
acc
iden
ts.
As
cars
sw
erve
d in
fron
t of u
s, o
r for
ced
us to
the
side
of th
e ro
ad, I
und
erst
ood
why
. D
istr
acte
d w
omen
and
child
ren
slan
ted
into
the
roa
d in
to t
he w
heel
sof
onc
omin
g tr
affic
, it
was
wor
se a
t ni
ght.
Afte
r th
e w
ar,
reck
less
driv
ers
wer
e th
e m
urde
r-er
s. S
uffe
ring
Ang
olan
s ha
d no
thin
g to
live
for.
A
200
thou
sand
kw
anza
s co
uld
buy
them
a d
rink
ofw
hisk
y or
bee
r on
the
roa
dsid
e to
bre
ak t
he l
ong
jour
ney.
T
hey
wou
ld p
ull o
ver,
hav
e on
e dr
ink
ortw
o, a
puf
f of a
cig
aret
te b
ecom
ing
mor
e in
toxi
cat-
ed a
s th
e jo
urne
y co
ntin
ued.
The
drin
k w
ould
dul
lth
e ac
he o
f un
happ
ines
s an
d th
e ci
gare
tte w
ould
allo
w t
hem
to
conc
entr
ate
on s
omet
hing
oth
erth
an fi
ndin
g fo
od fo
r th
eir
wiv
es a
nd th
eir
chld
ren.
The
y di
dn’t
care
if
thei
r re
ckle
ssne
ss r
esul
ted
inth
e de
ath
of a
wom
an o
r a
child
. A
void
ing
colli
-si
ons
had
beco
me
an a
n ar
t, a
chal
leng
e, a
dan
cew
ith d
eath
. H
ow f
ast
coul
d th
ey g
et t
o th
e ne
xtsh
ack
to b
uy a
noth
er d
rink
and
have
ano
ther
cig
-ar
ette
? I
roni
cally
, th
e dr
iver
usu
ally
sur
vive
d, i
tw
as t
he f
emal
e m
arty
rs,
the
youn
g, w
ho p
aid
the
pena
lty f
or f
rivol
ous
driv
-in
g.
At
nigh
t, th
e on
ly
light
was
the
lig
hts
from
can
-dl
es
that
ho
vere
d ov
erth
e
wa
res
the
trad
esw
omen
wer
e se
ll-12
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:50 Page 13
ing.
I
wat
ched
wom
en w
ith l
arge
wov
en s
acks
,bo
wls
, ch
oppe
d w
ood,
ev
en
a ta
ble
on
thei
rhe
ads,
and
a s
mal
l ch
ild o
n th
eir
back
s.
I m
ar-
velle
d at
the
ir de
xter
ity -
how
did
the
y m
anag
e to
carr
y su
ch w
eigh
t on
the
ir he
ads,
with
a c
hild
tie
dar
ound
thei
r w
aist
s? D
idn’
t the
wei
ght p
ut a
str
ain
on t
heir
back
s?
I w
onde
red
if th
ey d
idn’
t tir
e.T
heir
face
s w
ere
expr
essi
onle
ss,
noth
ing
to i
ndi-
cate
whe
ther
they
wer
e un
happ
y, ti
red
or fr
ustr
at-
ed.
Afte
r w
e sw
erve
d to
av
oid
one
poth
ole
afte
ran
othe
r, i
t w
as o
bvio
us t
hat
the
road
s ha
d no
tbe
en m
aint
aine
d.
The
veh
icle
s th
at p
asse
d us
wer
e so
sev
erel
y da
mag
ed t
hat
it m
ade
me
won
-de
r w
heth
er t
he v
ehic
les
had
been
cer
tifie
d ro
ad-
wor
thy.
I w
as r
elie
ved
whe
n I
saw
a s
ign
in t
he r
oad
with
an a
rrow
poi
ntin
g to
the
dire
ctio
n of
UN
AV
EM
III -
our
dest
inat
ion.
T
he b
us t
urne
d th
e co
rner
, th
epa
vem
ent
part
of
the
road
was
lay
ered
with
red
baux
ite d
esig
ned
with
sto
nes.
I
cont
empl
ated
on
how
w
omen
an
d ch
ildre
n w
alke
d on
th
e ha
rdst
ones
with
out s
hoes
or
sand
les,
and
did
so,
with
-ou
t lim
ping
.
The
bu
s st
oppe
d at
M
abin
da,
aC
amp
whi
ch w
as t
o be
com
e m
y ho
me.
As
I la
y do
wn,
I c
anno
t be
gin
to d
esrib
e ho
w I
fel
tw
hen
I saw
thos
e de
priv
ed b
odie
s, a
nd b
eing
told
not
to g
ive
them
mon
ey b
ecau
se t
hey
will
do
som
ethi
ng e
lse
with
it b
esid
e bu
y fo
od..
I w
as p
icke
d up
the
fol
low
ing
day
to g
o to
a m
ar-
ket.
Ann
ette
and
I w
ere
acco
mpa
nied
by
Liz,
an
Asi
an
look
ing
Mex
ican
/Am
eric
an
and
her
hus-
band
, M
igue
l, a
whi
te P
ortu
gues
e/A
ngol
an.
I ca
me
out
with
US
$24.
00 t
o sp
end.
A
s th
eydr
ove
thro
ugh
the
“old
est
part
of
the
tow
n” w
ew
ere
show
n th
e de
stru
ctio
n of
bui
ldin
gs b
y th
ew
ar in
199
2.. w
e w
ere
show
n th
e P
resi
dent
Net
o’s
Ma
uso
leu
m,
Sa
nto
s’
ho
me
a
nd
th
e
diff
ere
nt
emba
ssie
s al
ong
one
road
.
“Bea
utifu
l” sh
e sa
id,
tryi
ng
to
d
raw
m
ya
tte
ntio
n
to
the
ela
bo
rate
la
rge
hom
es,
whi
le I
was
dis
tra
cte
d
by
ayo
ung
boy
with
no
clot
hes
on l
ying
on
a
wo
od
en
b
en
ch,
clut
chin
g a
piec
e of
clot
hing
. “I
am
not
a b
uild
ing
pers
on”,
I sa
id, I
am
a pe
ople
-per
son.
. bu
ildin
gs d
on’t
do a
nyth
ing
for
me.
.. I
can’
t fe
el f
or b
uild
ings
. I
wan
ted
to c
atch
the
esse
nce
of th
at m
omen
t, of
the
boy
lyin
g th
ere
tryi
ng t
o sl
eep
... I
too
k ou
t m
y ca
mer
a...
Ann
ette
was
fus
sing
.. “t
ake
the
pict
ure,
and
Liz
... y
ou c
anta
ke t
he p
ictu
re!”
but
the
boy
was
aw
ake
by t
hetim
e I
had
take
n m
y ca
mer
a ou
t of
its
purs
e..
the
mom
ent
was
gon
e, I
had
los
t th
e op
port
unity
.“S
till t
ake
it “
one
of th
em s
aid.
. but
I co
uldn
’t. I
did
not
wan
t to
sna
p hi
m a
s th
ough
he
was
a s
ou-
13
veni
r, a
mas
cot.
I lo
st t
hat
oppo
rtun
ity a
nd i
t w
or-
ried
me
for
a bi
t. It
wor
ried
me
that
they
wer
e ha
rp-
ing
on a
bout
the
diff
eren
t bu
ildin
gs w
hen
ther
ew
ere
real
peo
ple
to s
ee...
who
car
ed w
ho l
ived
in
wha
t bui
ldin
g?
I cer
tain
ly d
idn’
t... b
ut m
aybe
as
adi
plom
at,
I ne
eded
to
know
but
I d
idn’
t ca
re.
I gaz
ed o
ut o
f the
win
dow
, try
ing
to re
mem
ber w
hat
I was
see
ing.
.. th
e 3-
D p
ersp
ectiv
e of
a b
uild
ing
onth
e co
rner
of
a cl
iff,
and
the
city
dow
n be
low
, an
dth
e se
a on
the
hor
izon
... b
oats
.. ho
uses
.. sh
acks
..m
ansi
ons.
.. al
l in
one
gla
nce.
..all
in o
ne l
ocat
ion.
In o
ne s
naps
hot.
I fe
lt an
gry.
.. I w
asn’
t sur
e w
hy.
Idi
dn’t
feel
lik
e re
spon
ding
whe
n th
ey s
how
ed m
eth
e “b
eaut
iful w
hite
hou
se o
n th
e co
rner
”..
The
y to
ld u
s th
ey w
ould
now
tak
e us
to
San
Pao
lom
arke
t. M
igue
l pa
rked
qui
te a
dis
tanc
e fr
om t
hem
arke
t to
det
er t
oo m
any
boys
fro
m ‘g
uard
ing’
his
car.
W
e ha
d th
ree
guar
ds in
the
end
. A
s w
e ex
it-ed
the
car
, w
e w
ere
appr
oach
ed b
y a
lot
of l
ittle
boys
with
pow
dere
d fa
ces,
no
shoe
s, n
oses
run
-ni
ng, t
hin
and
blac
k...
bese
echi
ng r
ed e
yes.
. I d
on’t
know
why
the
ir ey
es w
ere
also
so
red
and
wat
ery
whe
n th
ere
was
no
sea
wat
er n
earb
y.
“Am
iga,
Am
iga!
” th
ey s
aid
in a
lmos
t a
whi
sper
. E
ven
inth
eir
desp
erat
e co
nditi
on th
ey h
ad p
ride:
“A
mig
a..”
as t
hey
lent
out
a h
and.
It
was
hor
rible
ign
orin
gth
ere
plea
s, k
now
ing
that
we
had
mon
ey i
n ou
rpo
cket
s. a
US
$1 w
as n
othi
ng...
and
the
y w
ould
appr
ecia
te i
t so
muc
h, y
et I
was
for
ced
to i
gnor
eth
em b
ecau
se I
was
tol
d th
at if
the
y se
e yo
u ha
vem
oney
, th
ey w
ill ju
mp
on y
ou a
nd s
teal
it...
W
hen
we
got
back
to
the
car,
Mig
uel
gave
the
chi
ldre
no
nly
8
00
K
wa
nza
s w
hic
h
is
no
t e
ven
1
c in
Am
eric
an c
urre
ncy.
Whe
n w
e go
t in
to t
he m
arke
t, w
e sa
w o
ne b
lind
pers
on a
fter
anot
her
bein
g le
d by
a c
hild
beg
ging
...an
old
lady
sitt
ing
on th
e st
airs
, eye
s tu
rned
ove
r in
her
head
... f
eelin
g he
r w
ay in
to h
er b
ag a
nd t
ryin
gto
hol
d ou
t he
r ha
nd a
t th
e sa
me
time.
. an
d w
e,w
alki
ng p
ast,
‘igno
ring’
the
m w
ith o
ur m
illio
ns o
fK
wan
zas
and
rela
tivel
y la
rge
amou
nts
of U
S d
ol-
lars
bul
ging
fro
m o
ur p
ocke
ts/
pouc
hes.
M
y st
om-
ach
turn
ed...
I c
ould
not
enj
oy t
he e
xped
ition
. I
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:50 Page 14
Photo
of li
ttle g
irl by
Garfi
eld H
allBa
ck Co
ver b
y Lak
shmi
Nara
yan G
upta
14
coul
d no
lon
ger
buy
free
ly w
hen
ther
e w
ere
som
any
with
out.
I k
ept
my
hand
s in
my
pock
et a
ndde
cide
d to
fol
low
, an
d al
low
Liz
and
her
hus
band
to b
uy f
ruits
and
veg
etab
les.
. th
ey f
elt
quite
com
-fo
rtab
le w
ith t
heir
surr
ound
ings
, fo
r m
e, I
was
ver
yun
com
fort
able
... it
was
cul
ture
sho
ck.
We
left
that
mar
ket
and
wen
t to
ano
ther
. L
iz s
ug-
gest
ed R
ock
Mar
ket,
but
her
husb
and
said
it
was
very
dan
gero
us,
reno
wne
d fo
r ba
nditr
y.
I to
ld h
erth
at i
f it
was
dan
gero
us,
we
shou
ld f
orge
t it.
. sh
ein
sist
ed th
at w
e “ju
st d
rive
thro
ugh”
and
we
wou
ld-
n’t s
top,
and
they
did
so.
No
soon
er w
e dr
ove
into
the
mar
ket,
we
wer
e po
unce
d on
by
teen
age
boys
,cl
imbi
ng a
ll ov
er th
e ca
r...
The
re w
ere
the
disa
bled
,th
e bl
ind,
the
tin
y ch
ildre
n, n
aked
in a
wor
se s
tate
than
tho
se a
t S
an P
aolo
, th
e ea
rlier
mar
ket!
“Wha
t mak
es y
ou th
ink
I wou
ld b
e in
tere
sted
to s
eeth
is!”
I
shou
ted.
. an
d as
the
y bo
ys c
lung
ont
o th
eca
r, a
nd M
igue
l re
vers
ed t
he c
ar a
nd d
rove
for
-w
ard
forc
ing
the
boys
off:
I c
ontin
ued,
“I
don’
tap
prec
iate
this
at a
ll!”.
.. I w
as a
ngry
and
I m
eant
it.
I did
not
nee
d th
e po
vert
y sy
ndro
me
rein
forc
ed a
nym
ore
than
it
had
been
. I
did
not
nee
d to
glo
at a
tth
eir
mis
fort
une.
.. I
did
not
need
to
ho
ard
my
mon
ey w
hile
the
loc
als
wer
e w
ithou
t...
I fe
lt ve
ryan
gry
and
upse
t.
We
wen
t to
a r
esta
uran
t af
ter
getti
ng a
way
fro
mth
ere.
I w
as s
cept
ical
. I w
as to
ld to
be
care
ful w
ere
I at
e be
caus
e of
the
con
tam
inat
ed w
ater
.. an
d th
eun
heal
thy
way
food
was
coo
ked,
but
I w
as a
ssur
edth
is p
lace
was
cle
an a
nd th
e fo
od w
as c
ooke
d w
ell.
We
ate,
and
the
foo
d w
as g
ood.
As
we
ate,
we
spok
e ab
out
orie
ntin
g pe
ople
int
oA
ng
ola
...
the
cu
lture
sh
ock
n
ee
de
d
to
be
addr
esse
d by
cou
nsel
lors
. I
was
n’t
sure
whe
ther
coun
sello
rs
wer
e th
e an
swer
. I
thou
ght
peop
lene
eded
to
fore
war
ned
wha
t to
exp
ect,
and
then
it
wou
ldn’
t be
suc
h a
shoc
k.
We
wer
e to
ld a
bout
cont
amin
ated
wat
er,
lack
of
food
and
am
eniti
es,
and
we
wer
e w
arne
d to
sta
y in
gro
ups
and
not
togo
off
the
com
poun
d, t
hing
s th
at t
hey
pres
umed
nece
ssar
y fo
r our
wel
fare
, but
we
wer
e no
t tol
d th
atw
e w
ould
see
blin
d pe
ople
and
sta
rvin
g ch
ildre
n al
lov
er t
he p
lace
, w
hile
we
drov
e ar
ound
in U
N v
ans
and
buse
s.
We
wer
e no
t to
ld t
hat
if w
e go
to
the
mar
ket
to b
uy c
loth
es,
carv
ings
an
d
foo
d,
tha
t w
e
wo
uld
b
ebe
sieg
ed b
y de
stitu
te c
hild
ren,
and
surr
ound
ed b
y ho
uses
with
no s
truc
ture
. T
hat p
eopl
e, e
spe-
cial
ly
smal
l ch
ildre
n w
ould
be
livin
g on
a l
edge
, ab
out
25-3
0fe
et o
ff th
e gr
ound
and
abo
ut 2
-3
feet
wid
e. I
f a c
hild
lost
its
bal-
ance
, it
wou
ld lo
se it
s lif
e.
Ang
ola
is s
o be
autif
ul...
it
is s
oric
h in
re
sour
ces,
an
d I
met
be
autif
ul
refin
edA
ngol
ans,
but
the
maj
ority
are
poo
r, a
nd I
und
er-
sta
nd
th
at
the
re
is
an
a
pa
rtm
en
t b
uild
ing
in
Mar
imar
that
ren
ts r
oom
s at
a h
alf a
mill
ion
US
dol
-la
rs a
mon
th,
and
the
apar
tmen
t is
ful
l. W
here
is
that
mon
ey g
oing
? I
hear
d th
at it
leav
es th
e co
un-
try.
O
il B
aron
s co
me
into
the
cou
ntry
, ex
ploi
t th
epe
ople
, us
e up
its
reso
urce
s, d
rain
ing
the
coun
try
of a
ll vi
talit
y, a
nd t
hen
whe
n it
is a
ll dr
ied
up a
ndth
eir
mon
ey is
saf
ely
out o
f the
cou
ntry
, the
y le
ave.
Why
doe
sn’t
the
head
of s
tate
see
this
? W
hy d
oes-
n’t h
e st
op th
is k
ind
of e
xplo
itatio
n in
stea
d of
figh
t-in
g ea
ch o
ther
for
pow
er...
the
expl
oite
rs a
re th
ere,
taki
ng
ever
ythi
ng
away
rig
ht
unde
r th
eir
eyes
,w
hile
MP
LA a
nd U
NIT
AR
are
fig
htin
g ea
ch o
ther
for
som
ethi
ng n
eith
er o
f the
m w
ill e
ver
have
, if t
hey
are
not
care
ful.
The
exp
loite
r is
ren
owne
d fo
r hi
s ab
ility
to d
istr
act,
so w
hile
the
y ar
e in
itiat
ing
war
s ot
hers
are
‘loo
ting
‘the
coun
try,
and
whe
n th
e fig
htin
g st
ops,
and
the
loca
ls a
nd n
atio
ns r
ealis
e w
hat h
as h
appe
ned,
it is
too
late
.
The
re w
ere
occa
sion
s w
hile
wor
king
for
the
Boa
rdof
Inq
uiry
in A
ngol
a, t
hat
Ihad
to
take
a h
elic
opte
rto
inv
estig
ate
mur
ders
of
inte
rnat
iona
l st
aff.
I ha
dto
int
ervi
ew s
uspe
cts,
I h
ad t
o in
vest
igat
e al
lega
-tio
ns o
f sex
ual h
arra
ssm
ent,
situ
atio
ns I
had
neve
ren
visa
ged
bein
g in
, bu
t Ig
rew
bec
ause
of
it.
Livi
ng in
Ang
ola
for
one
year
was
a d
istu
rbin
g, b
utre
war
ding
exp
erie
nce.
The
who
leso
men
ess
of th
elo
cal
peop
le a
nd t
he u
nity
of
UN
sta
ff m
ade
itw
orth
whi
le.
The
Ang
olan
sm
iles,
the
ir ab
ility
to
plea
se,
thei
r se
emin
g no
ncha
lanc
e at
the
dec
a-de
nce
and
disa
rray
aro
und
them
.
At
the
end
of i
t, I
was
a m
issi
on r
etur
nee,
sen
t to
Ang
ola
to a
ssis
t with
thei
r H
uman
Res
ourc
e ne
eds
and
the
tran
sitio
nal a
spec
ts o
f int
erna
tiona
l sta
ff. I
was
not
sen
t th
ere
to ‘
get
invo
lved
’, to
bec
ome
empa
thet
ic o
r bu
ild r
elat
ions
hips
with
the
loc
als.
My
job
as a
HR
Offi
cer
was
spe
cific
. I
was
to
ori-
ent,
indu
ct n
ewco
mer
s;
I w
as t
o ad
min
iste
r pe
r-so
nnel
for
mal
ities
and
ens
ure
the
safe
ty a
nd p
ro-
tect
ion
of i
nter
natio
nal
staf
f by
fol
low
ing
polic
ies,
proc
edur
es!
How
ever
, I
did
build
spe
cial
frie
nd-
ship
s, o
nes
I w
ill n
ever
for
get,
and
even
tho
ugh
the
re
we
re
time
s w
he
n
I w
an
ted
to
sc
rea
mbe
caus
e th
ere
was
no
way
out
and
no
way
bac
k I
pers
ever
ed,
got
back
saf
ely
and
lived
to
shar
e m
yex
perie
nce.
(Tru
e A
coun
t by
Myr
na L
oy)
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:50 Page 15
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mys
pace
.com
/black
bright
news
or
www.
blac
kbrigh
tmag
azine.
com
email: b
lack
bright
news
@ao
l.co
mFo
unde
r &
Man
agin
g Ed
itor
: Myr
na L
oy
BBBBllll aaaa
cccc kkkkbbbb
rrrr iiiigggg hhhh
tttt NNNN
eeee wwwwssss
GGGGiiii vvvv
eeee ssss HHHH
oooo ppppeeee
tttt oooo aaaa
NNNNeeee wwww
GGGGeeee nnnn
eeee rrrraaaa tttt
iiii oooonnnn !!!!
Photo
of li
ttle g
irl by
Garfi
eld H
allBa
ck Co
ver b
y Lak
shmi
Nara
yan G
upta
Blackbright_May_ 2009v 6.qxp 05/06/2009 11:50 Page 16
