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SICAM RTU
Analog Input FunctionModules AI32/AI16
6MD1031
/
32
Manual
Version: 2.0
Release: August 24, 1999
E50417-G8976-C004-A2
Foreword
Features of theAnalog Input Modules 1Setup and Connection 2Functions of theAnalog Input Modules 3
Operation and Use 4
Service and Diagnostics 5
Technical Specifications 6AppendiAccessories and Replacement Parts
Glossary, Index
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Notes on safet This manual does not represent a complete directory of all safety measures required for operation ofthe product (module, device) since special operating conditions may require additional measures.
However, this manual does contain notes which must be adhered to for your own personal safety
and the avoidance of property damage. These notes are highlighted with a warning triangle and the
degree of danger as shown below:
Danger
means that death, severe injury or substantial property damage will occur if the appropriate
precautionary measures are not taken..
Warning
means that death, severe injury or substantial property damage may occur if the appropriate
precautionary measures are not taken..
Caution
means that minor injury or property damage may occur if the appropriate precautionary measures
are not taken.
Note
indicates important information on the product, the handling of the product or a particular part of
the documentation requiring special attention.
Qualified personnel Commissioning and operation of a product (module, device) described in this manual may only beperformed by qualified personnel. In the sense of the safety notes contained in this manual,
qualified personnel are those persons who are authorized to commission, release, ground and tag
devices, systems and electrical circuits.
Use as intended Special attention is called to the following information:
WarningThe product (device, module) may only be used for the individual applications stated in the catalog
and the technical description. The product may only be used with Siemens devices and components
or with devices and components of other manufacture recommended or approved by Siemens.
Correct and safe operation of the product requires suitable transportation, storage, setup and
installation, and use and maintenance.
During operation of electrical products, it is unavoidable that certain parts of these products are
under dangerous current. Severe injury or property damage can occur if work is not performed
properly or behavior is not appropriate.
Before connecting any connections at all, ground the product to the protective conductorconnection.
Dangerous voltages may be present on all switching components connected to the voltagesupply.
Even after the supply voltage has been disconnected, dangerous voltage may still be present inthe product (capacitor storage).
Products with current converter circuits may not be operated while open.
The limit values stated in the manual or in the operating instructions may not be exceeded. Thisalso applies to testing and commissioning.
Non-Liability Clause
Although we have checked the contents of this publication for
conformance with the hardware and software described, we cannotguarantee complete conformance since differences cannot be ruled out.
The information in this manual is checked at regular intervals, and
necessary corrections are included in the next release. Your suggestions
are welcome.
Subject to change without prior notice.
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft.
Copyright
Copyright Siemens AG 1999 All Rights Reserved
Passing on or reproduction of this document, and utilization andrevelation of its contents is not permitted without express permission.
Violations shall be cause for damage claims. All rights reserved, in
particular when a patent is issued or a general model registered.
Registered trademarks
SICAM, SINAUT, SIMATIC and SINEC are registered
trademarks of SIEMENS AG.
Book-No. E50417-G8976-C004-A2
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SICAM Analog Input Modules AI32/16 - Manual
Siemens AGi
Foreword
Contents of thismanual
This manual is divided into the following topics.
Features of the module
Examples of setup and connection
Function description
Notes on operation and operator control
Information on service and diagnostics
Technical specifications
Additionalliterature
This manual describes the analog input function modules.
The following manuals will provide you with information on programming and
the SIMATIC S7-400 and SICAM RTU systems.
Manual Contents Order Number
Manual
Programmable Controler
S7-400/M7-400
Setup and commissioningof the S7-400/ M7-400system
6ES7498-8AA02-8BA0
Documentation Package
STEP7 Basis Information
Installation, configuration
and parameterization ofthe S7-400 System plus
structuring and prepa-
ration of programs for the
S7-400 syste
6ES7810-4CA02-8BA0
Reference Manuals for
STEP7
STL and LAD manuals
and reference manuals
for standard and system
functions for SIMATIC
S7-300/400
6ES7810-4CA02-8BR0
Manual
System SICAM RTU
System description of the
SICAM RTU System
E50417-S8976-C002
Manual
System SICAM SAS
System description of the
SICAM SAS Syste
E50417-S8976-C009
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Foreword
ii SICAM Analog Input Modules AI32/16 - Manual Siemens AG
Notes to thismanual
This manual provides you with the following aids to make it easier to locate the
information you are looking for.
At the beginning of this manual, you will find a complete table of contentsplus separate lists of figures and tables contained in this manual.
In the individual chapters, you will find information in the left margin ofeach page which will give you an overview of the contents of that particular
paragraph.
Following the appendices, you will find a glossary containing definitions ofthe important technical terms and abbreviations used in this manual.
At the end of this manual, you will find a comprehensive index for fastaccess to the information you need.
Validit This manual is valid for the following modules.
Analog input AI32 Order number 6MD1031-0AA00Release 01
Analog input AI32 Order number 6 MD1031-0BA00Release 01
Analog input AI16 Order number 6 MD1032-0AA00Release 01
Analog input AI16 Order number 6 MD1032-0BA00Release 01
This manual will not be withdrawn when changes occur.
Standards These analog input modules have been developed in accordance with theISO 9001 guidelines.
Training courses See our catalog of courses for a list of available courses, or contact one of ourtraining centers.
Training Center, Nuernberg
EV S SUP
AAAA 0911 / 433-7005
FAX 0911 / 433-8592
Questions If you have questions on the analog input function modules, contact yourSiemens representative.
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Table of Contents
1 Features of the Analog Input Modules ................................................................... 1-1
1.1 Ordering Data ................................................................................................ 1-21.1.1 Electronic Analog Input Module AI32 ............................................................ 1-2
1.1.2 Analog Input Relay Module AI16 ................................................................... 1-2
1.2 Features of the Analog Input Modules ........................................................... 1-3
1.3 Circuiting Principle ......................................................................................... 1-4
2 Setup and Connection ............................................................................................. 2-1
2.1 Construction Elements of the Analog Input Modules ..................................... 2-2
2.1.1 The Module .................................................................................................... 2-3
2.1.2 Front Plug Connector ..................................................................................... 2-4
2.2 Connection Allocation .................................................................................... 2-5
2.2.1 Allocation of the AI32 ..................................................................................... 2-5
2.2.2 Allocation of the AI16 ..................................................................................... 2-6
2.3 Installation and Wiring ................................................................................... 2-7
2.4 Connection Technique for Prevention of Measured Value Distortion ............ 2-9
2.4.1 Undesired Coupling of Current Circuits ......................................................... 2-9
2.4.2 Shielding as a Method of Reducing Undesired Interference Coupling....2-12
2.4.3 Connection of Floating Measured Value Encoders ....................................... 2-14
2.4.4 Connection of Non-Floating Measured Value Encoders ................................ 2-15
3 Functions of the Analog Input Modules .................................................................. 3-13.1 Processing Principle ...................................................................................... 3-2
3.1.1 Process Image ............................................................................................... 3-3
3.1.2 Event Buffer ................................................................................................... 3-4
3.2 Measured Value Acquisition .......................................................................... 3-5
3.3 Description of Analog Value Representation ................................................. 3-6
3.3.1 Analog Value Representation in the Process Image of the Inputs (PAE) ...... 3-6
3.3.2 Analog Value Representation in the Event Buffer (EPE) ............................... 3-7
3.4 Current or Voltage Input ................................................................................ 3-12
3.5 Overlapping Function ..................................................................................... 3-13
4 Operation and Use.................................................................................................... 4-1
4.1 Configuring and Parameterizing ..................................................................... 4-2
4.2 Data of the AI32/16 ........................................................................................ 4-7
4.2.1 Reading Out the Process Image of the Inputs (PAE) .................................... 4-7
4.2.2 Reading Out the Event Buffer (EPE) .............................................................. 4-7
4.2.3 Data Transfer Formats of the Event Buffer ................................................... 4-9
4.3 Control Jobs to the AI32/16 Module .............................................................. 4-10
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5 Service and Diagnostics .......................................................................................... 5-1
5.1 Operational and Diagnostic Indicat ............................................................... 5-2
5.2 Diagnostic Data Records ............................................................................... 5-3
5.2.1 Reading Out the Version Identifier ................................................................. 5-45.3 Diagnostic Data in the Event Buffer (EPE) ................................................... 5-6
5.3.1 Transfer Format of the Diagnostic Data in the Event Buffer ......................... 5-6
5.3.2 System Events ............................................................................................... 5-8
5.4 Diagnostic Interrupt (DAL) ............................................................................. 5-9
5.5 Diagnostic Data via System Function Call (SFC) .......................................... 5-10
5.6 Self-Monitoring ............................................................................................... 5-12
6 Technical Specifications.......................................................................................... 6-1
Appendix ................................................................................................................... Appendix-1A Accessories and Replacement Parts .................................................. Appendix-2
Glossar .................................................................................................................... Glossary-1
Index ......................................................................................................................... Index-1
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Figures
Figure 1-1 Circuit diagram of the analog input modules .......................................................... 1-4
Figure 1-2 Principle of the input circuit of the AI32 ................................................................ 1-5Figure 1-3 Principle of the input circuit of the AI16 ................................................................ 1-5
Figure 2-1 View of the AI32/16 and its most important construction elements ........................ 2-2
Figure 2-2 Connection allocation of the AI32........................................................................... 2-5
Figure 2-3 Connection allocation of the AI16........................................................................... 2-6
Figure 2-4 Example of cabling with the transfer module .......................................................... 2-8
Figure 2-5 Measured value distortions caused by grounding loops........................................... 2-10
Figure 2-6 Measured value distortions caused by capacitive voltage coupling......................... 2-10
Figure 2-7 Measured value distortions caused by inductive current coupling........................... 2-11
Figure 2-8 Measured value distortions caused by electromagnetic fields ................................. 2-11
Figure 2-9 Suggestion for shielding the measuring lines using wiring with cable clamps ........ 2-12
Figure 2-10 Suggestion for shielding the measuring lines using series intermediate terminals ... 2-13
Figure 2-11 Connection of floating measured value encoders to the AI32 ................................. 2-14
Figure 2-12 Connection of floating measured value encoders to the AI16 ................................. 2-14
Figure 2-13 Connection of non-floating measured value encoders to the AI32 ......................... 2-15
Figure 2-14 Connection of non-floating measured value encoders to the AI16 .......................... 2-15
Figure 3-1 Relationship between function and processing........................................................ 3-2
Figure 3-2 Flow chart of cyclic processing ............................................................................... 3-3
Figure 3-3 Flow chart of spontaneous processing..................................................................... 3-4
Figure 3-4 Principle of the additive threshold value function ................................................... 3-5
Figure 3-5 Connection of measuring converters on current inputs............................................ 3-12
Figure 4-1 Menu window for the configuration ....................................................................... 4-2Figure 4-2 Menu window for general parameters...................................................................... 4-3
Figure 4-3 Menu window for the logical addressing of the AI32/16 module ........................... 4-3
Figure 4-4 Menu window for entry of the basic parameters...................................................... 4-4
Figure 4-5 Menu window for channel-related parameters ........................................................ 4-4
Figure 4-6 Menu tree for AI32/16 with current inputs .............................................................. 4-5
Figure 4-7 Menu tree for AI32/16 module with voltage inputs................................................. 4-6
Figure 5-1 Menu window for enabling the diagnostic interrupt ............................................... 5-9
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Tables
Table 1-1 Ordering numbers for the AI32............................................................................... 1-2
Table 1-2 Order numbers for the AI16.................................................................................... 1-2Table 3-1 Analog value representation in the process image of the inputs.............................. 3-6
Table 3-2 Analog value representation in the event buffer...................................................... 3-7
Table 3-3 Representation of the measured value resolution.................................................... 3-8
Table 3-4 Resolution of the measuring ranges for input range of current 24 mA and
voltage6 V .......................................................................................................... 3-9
Table 3-5 Resolution of the measuring ranges for input area of current 20 mA/4 to 20
mA and voltage 10 V........................................................................................... 3-10
Table 3-6 Resolution of the measuring ranges for input range of current 1 mA and
voltage1 V .......................................................................................................... 3-11
Table 4-1 Additional information of the PRAL ...................................................................... 4-8
Table 4-2 Header of the event buffer entries .......................................................................... 4-8
Table 4-3 Data transfer format for measured values in the event buffer ................................ 4-9
Table 4-4 Relationship of the value to the type of processing ................................................. 4-9
Table 4-5 Control jobs to the AI32/16 .................................................................................... 4-10
Table 4-6 Data transfer format for "enable process/general check ....................................... 4-10
Table 4-7 Data transfer format for "set time ......................................................................... 4-11
Table 5-1 Operational and diagnostic indicators..................................................................... 5-2
Table 5-2 Data transfer format for "read version identifier .................................................. 5-4
Table 5-3 Data transfer format for "read version identifier ................................................. 5-5
Table 5-4 System events which trigger a data record ............................................................ 5-6
Table 5-5 Transfer format for single errors in the event buffer .............................................. 5-7Table 5-6 Additional information of the DAL diagnostic interrupt ....................................... 5-9
Table 5-7 Basic diagnostic data of AI32/16 command output .............................................. 5-10
Table 5-8 Expanded diagnostic data of the AI32/16 command output ................................... 5-11
Table 6-1 Technical specifications of the AI32/16 analog input function modules ................ 6-2
Table 7-1 Accessories and replacement parts................................................................ .......... Append-2
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1 Features of the Analog Input Modules
Features of the AnalogInput Modules 1Introduction Floating analog input modules are available with the SIMATIC S7-400 for
inputting analog process signals.
Using measured value encoders, these modules permit acquisition of 16 or 32
analog process signals. Acquisition is galvanically isolated and immune to
interference.These modules have been designed for a wide variety of applications in systems
involving the automation of geographically widespread processes which require
safe and reliable acquisition of information and increased resistance to
interference caused by environmental factors and electromagnetic fields.
Purpose of thischapter
This chapter provides you with an overview of the functions of analog input
modules. Based on this information, the user can decide which functions are
required for his/her problem solution.
Contents of thischapter This chapter contains information on the following topics. A list of the most important features of the module
A presentation of the circuiting
A short description of the most important functions on the module
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1.1 Ordering Data
1.1.1 Electronic Analog Input Module AI32
Table 1-1 Ordering numbers for the AI32
Function Module Order Number
Analog Input AI32 6MD1031-0AA00
Potential isolation against internal electronics32 current inputsfor IEnom0.5 mA to 24 mA
Analog Input AI32 6MD1031-0BA00
Potential isolation against internal electronics32 voltage inputsfor UEnom 0.5 V to10 V
1.1.2 Analog Input Relay Module AI16
Table 1-2 Order numbers for the AI16
Function Module Order Number
Analog Input AI16 6MD1032-0AA00
Potential isolation against internal electronicsPotential isolation between the inputs16 current inputsfor IEnom0.5 mA to 24 mA
Analog Input AI16 6MD1032-0BA00
Potential isolation against internal electronicsPotential isolation between the inputs16 voltage inputsfor UEnom 0.5 V to10 V
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1.2 Features of the Analog Input Modules
The AI32 and AI16 modules are used to acquire and further process analog
measured values. With their own processors on board, these modules are able
to handle an increased number of functions (e.g., interference suppression, high-resolution time stamping of all process status changes and their intermediate
storage, and processing of parameterizable functions for threshold value
monitoring, among others).
The primary features are listed below.
Compact 1 slot for 32 (AI32) or 16 (AI16) analog inputs
Screw-type terminals for flexible wires up to 1.5 mm
Process connections and operational/diagnostic indications on the front
Sturdy Enapsulated, self-contained construction, protection rating of IP20
No fan required
Protected against touch
Interference-proof Potential isolation of the measured value inputs up to 2.5 kVeff Surge voltage up to 5 kV
Electrical fast transient (burst) up to 2 kV
Surge immunity up to 2 kV
Parameterizable interference voltage suppression
All-purpose Wide input current range 0.5 mA to 24 mAor input voltage range 0.5 V to10 V
Cyclic acquisition of the current analog measured value (PAE)
Event-controlled, spontaneous processing of the analog process signalchanges (threshold value exceeded)
Event buffer for up to 100 events
Functional conditioning (e.g., interference voltage suppression and thresholdvalue processing, among others)
Real time Acquisition of analog process signal changes in the order in which theoccurred
Time management on the module, resolution of1 msec
Safe and reliable Continuous self-tests on the module
Self-diagnosis of the function units
Watchdog
Version recognition of the analog input modules
See chapter 6 for detailed technical specifications.
Figure 1-1shows the circuiting principle.
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1.3 Circuiting Principle
Circuit diagram The figure below shows the principal circuiting for both analog input modules(i.e., AI32 and AI16).
hb_
ai_fg
Potential isolation 2.5kV
Monitoring functions
System bus control
ASIC
LED control
INTF EXTF
S7 system bus
Inter
nalcontrolbus
Internaldatabus
E0 E1(E15P)E30
Multiplexer
Referencevoltages
EPROM
RAMMicroprocessor1-msec time stamp
DCDC
Process inputs
PAE, EPE
Error indications
E31(E15N)
A/D converterAutomatic calibrationProgrammable amplif.
Watchdog
ResetVersion identifier
Measuring resistorsOvervolt. prot.
RUN
(E0P) (E0N)
Figure 1-1 Circuit diagram of the analog input modules
Abbreviations used:
INTF Internal error PAE Process image of the inputs
EXTF External error EPE Event buffer of the inputs
RUN Operational indication
ASIC Application-specific,
integrated circuit
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Input circuit of theAI32
The figure below shows the input circuit of the AI32.
The AI32 is equipped with 32 floating analog inputs with a common root.
hb_
ai_se
GND
E0
+
4
8
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
Analog/digital
converter
CMOSmultiplexer
UP
Pin no. of multipointterminal strip
Input
ADC
UN
UP
UN
Resistanceconverter
FilterShuntfor
currentinputs
Terminals
Referencevoltage
infront
connector
PGA
Figure 1-2 Principle of the input circuit of the AI32
Input circuit of theAI16
The figure below shows the input circuit of the AI16.
The AI16 is equipped with 16 floating analog inputs which are differentiall
multiplexed with 2-way relays.
hb_
ar_se
GND
E0P +4
5
E0N
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
Analog/digital
converter
Relaymultiplexer
UP
Pin no. of multipointterminal strip
Input
UN
Resistanceconverter
FilterShuntfor
currentinputs
Terminals
Referencevoltage
infront
connector
ADC
PGA
Figure 1-3 Principle of the input circuit of the AI16
Overvoltageprotection
The inputs of the analog input modules are protected against overvoltages and
transients with suppressor diodes and RC networks. See also chapter 6 for
environmental requirements.
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Multiplexer The AI32 analog input module is equipped with an electronic multiplexer. Thisconcept permits compact design so that 32 analog inputs can be wired on one
module.
In contrast, the AI16 analog input module is optimized for higher potential
isolation and interference immunity between the input circuits. It is equippedwith 16, 2-way relays, and each input circuit is switched through differentiall
up to the A/D converter.
A/D converter The A/D converter function unit is designed in accordance with the latestinterference-proof principle of the Sigma-Delta procedure. Filter times,
resolution and amplification can be parameterized. High-precision, low-drift
reference voltage sources permit self-calibration of the converter unit. With
interference suppression parameterized to 50 Hz, conversion time for one
measured value is approximately 30 msec.
AutomaticcalibrationEquipped with precise, low-drift reference voltage sources, the analog inputmodules calibrate themselves automatically. After switchon and at regular
intervals, the modules automatically perform a zero point and a full-scale
calibration to reduce temperature drift.
Programmableamplification
The programmable (parameterizable) preamplifier is a functional part of the A/D
converter. It permits adjustment of various input nominal ranges to the optimal
working range of the converter. This ensures highest conversion accuracy at all
times.
Monitoring
functions
After a voltage failure or a reset, the module boots in a defined state. Event
acquisition and generation of interrupts are disabled and must be specificallenabled via a system function of the CPU.
The module is equipped with the monitoring functions listed below.
Processor (watchdog function)
Memory test (runs continuously in the background)
Failure of the A/D converter
Failure of the reference voltage
Failure of the floating voltage supply of the analog portion
Transmission optocoupler
Overflow of the input areas
System busaddressing
System bus addressing is designed as an ASIC. It ensures coordinated accesses
to the system bus stations (e.g., the CPU and the local, 8-bit controller of the
analog input modules).
The system bus is designed as a parallel I/O bus. It is used to transfer all jobs
and data. In addition, a global control line is provided for synchronization of
time management on the modules.
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2 Setup and Connection
Setup and Connection 2Introduction SIMATIC S7-400 system construction combines modern functional design with
knowledge gained from operation in industrial environments. Universal use is
assured as well as interference-free operation of the analog input modules in a
wide variety of process environments.
Purpose of thischapter
This chapter provides you with information on the operator control,
construction and connection elements. This information will permit you to
specify connection of the process signals to the function module.
Contents of thischapter
This chapter covers the following topics.
A picture showing the primary construction elements
An explanation of the construction elements
The connection assignment for the AI32 and AI16
Descriptions of the installation and wiring of the modules
Possible causes of measured value distortions
Suggestions for connection of measured value encoders
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2.1 Construction Elements of the Analog Input Modules
The analog input modules are encapsulated function modules in SIMATIC S7-
400 industrial design and protected against touch.
Picture The picture below shows a view of the analog input modules and their primaryconstruction elements.
hb_
de_
bg
a
b
c
d
ef
m
i
O
kn
p
r
dh
g
BackBus connectori
Coding elementsO
Name platenFront door (swing-out)pCable connectionr
Front connector
Mounting screw forfront connector
m
Housing (choice of screw,crimp or spring connection)
k
Module caseaVentilation slitsb
Housing
Threads for front connectorcModule identifier andd
Oper. / diagnostic indicationseProcess indicationsfMultipoint terminal strip (48-way)gPosition for front connectorh
Front
mounting
Figure 2-1 View of the AI32/16 and its most important construction elements
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2.1.1 The Module
Housing A module capsule consisting of housing shell and cover protects the functionmodule against accidental touch. The module has a protection rating of IP20. It
also has ESD protection.
Warning
Do not remove the module capsule. Do not install or operate the AI32/16
function modules without the module capsule.
Bus plugconnectors
The AI32/16 module is equipped with two, 5-row, metric bus plug connectors
for operation in the SIMATIC S7-400 bus system.
Front All function elements required for installation, operation and service are locatedon the front of the module.
Slot for front plug connector
The slot for the 48-way plug connector is recessed. The front plug
connector can be hung in this recess, inserted and secured with a screw.
Two threaded bores are provided for securing the module to the module
rack.
Operational and diagnostic indications
Note
Front plug connector, name plate and coding elements are not included with the
analog input modules. They must be ordered separately. See
accessories/replacement parts in appendix 2.
Operational anddiagnosticindications
One green and two red LEDs are provided on the front of the housing capsule
for indication of operating states, and internal and external errors. The states
are described in chapter 5.1.
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2.1.2 Front Plug Connector
The front plug connector is available in 3 models.
Screw connection The connector is equipped with 48 connections spaced at 5-mm intervals.
2 connections have been allocated at the factory for connector monitoring.
For the AI32: 40 connections for process inputs and reference potential
(GND). For the AI16: Only 32 connections allocated for process inputs.
Eight screw-type terminals are free.
6 connections remain free.
See Figure 2-2 (AI32) and Figure 2-3 (AI16) for allocation of the front plug
connector.
The current carrying capacity of the contacts is a maximum of 8 A at an ambient
temperature of 70 C.
The connection element permits the connection of flexible lines with core cross
sections of 0.25 mm to 1.5 mm. The number of lines which will fit in the
cable retainer space depends on the diameter of the lines used. Some guidelinesare listed below.
36 lines with an exterior diameter of 3.0 mm (e.g., up to 1.5 mm)
46 lines with an exterior diameter of 2.5 mm (e.g., 1.0 mm)
The cable retainer space is equipped with a front door which can be removed
for installation work. A name plate is snapped onto the front door. The 32
process inputs for the AI32 ( I0 to I31 and8 connections for the root GND) or the32 process inputs for the AI16 ( I0P to I15P and I0N to I15N) can be entered onthis name plate.
Crimp connection The number and allocation of the contacts is the same as that of the model with
screw-type connections. The contacts with the crimp-type lines are insertedfrom the cable retainer space in the chambers of the front plug connector and
snapped in. If necessary, the contact can be unlocked and removed from the
front with an unlocking tool. See accessories and replacement parts in appendix
2.
The crimp-type contact permits the connection of flexible lines with core cross
sections of 0.5 mm to 1.5 mm. The number of lines which will fit in the cable
retainer space depends on the diameter of the lines used. The same guidelines
apply as for the screw-type connections.
Tension springterminal
The number and allocation of the contacts is the same as that of the model with
screw-type connections. The contact of the tension spring terminal is opened
with a suitable tool, and the wire is inserted. After the tool is removed, thecontact establishes the terminal connection.
The tension spring terminal permits the connection of flexible or rigid lines with
core cross sections of 0.14 mm to 1.5 mm. The number of lines which will fit
in the cable retainer space depends on the diameter of the lines used. The same
guidelines apply as for the screw-type connections.
Coding element A mixup of connection cables can be prevented by snapping in one codingelement each on the lower edge of the recess and on the front plug connector.
See the manual on setting up an S7-400 for use and possible coding.
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2.2 Connection Allocation
2.2.1 Allocation of the AI32
Connection
diagram
The following figure shows all connections of the AI32.
hb_
ai_ag
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+
-
12
28
34
5
6
7
8
910
11
12
13
1415
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
2526
27
29
30
3132
33
34
35
3637
38
39
40
41
4243
44
45
46
47
48
GND
GND
E0
E1
E2
E3
E4
E5
E6
E7
GND
GND
E8
E9
E10
E11
E12
E13
E14
E15
AI32
MW1
MW2
MW3
MW4
MW5
MW6
MW7
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
Analog/digital
converter
MW8
Solid-state-
Pin no. of multipointterminal stripInput
GND
GND
E17
E18
E19
E20
E21
E22
E23
GND
GND
E25
E26
E27
E28
E29
E30
E31
E16
E24
MW9
MW10
MW11
MW12
MW13
MW14
MW15
MW16
MW17
MW18
MW19
MW20
MW21
MW22
MW23
MW24
MW25
MW26
MW27
MW28
MW29
MW30
MW31
MW0
Plug connectormonitoring(pull loop)
multiplexer
ZS1ZS2
Figure 2-2 Connection allocation of the AI32Abbreviations used:MWx Measured value source Ex Meas. value input
GND Common root
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2.2.2 Allocation of the AI16
Connectiondiagram
The following figure shows all connections of the AI16
hb_
ar_ag
+
-
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
+-=
E15NE15P
E0PE0N
E1PE1N
E2PE2N
E3PE3N
E4PE4N
E5PE5N
E6PE6N
E7PE7N
E8PE8N
E9PE9N
E10P
E10N
E11PE11N
E12P
E12NE13PE13N
E14PE14N
1
2
28
345
67
89
1011
1213
141516
1718
1920
2122
23
24
252627
29
3031
3233
34
35
36
37
383940
4142
434445464748
AI16
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
Analog/digital
converter
MW1
MW2
MW3
MW4
MW5
MW6
MW7
MW8
MW9
MW10
MW11
MW12
MW13
MW14
MW15
Relay
Input
MW0
Plug connectormonitoring(pull loop)
Pin no. of multipoint
terminal strip
multiplexer
ZS1ZS2
Figure 2-3 Connection allocation of the AI16Abbreviations used:MWx Measured value source Ex Meas. value input
GND Common root
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2.3 Installation and Wiring
Installation The housing and location of the plug connector and mounting elements of the
analog modules are the same as those of the signal modules of the S7-400system.
Refer to the manual on setting up an S7-400 for information on the following
topics.
Adherence to the safety rules when working with the S7-400 syste
Unpacking and handling the modules
Installation and securing of the modules in the module rack
Connecting the wires in the front plug connector
Using the pull relief in the front plug connector
Mounting and securing the front plug connector on the module
Installing and removing the analog input modules is permitted under power.
Warning
Never wire the analog input modules unless they have first been isolated fro
the voltage.
Hazardous touch voltages can occur when measuring transformers are handled
improperly.
Wiring The modules are wired with single cores in the front plug connector. Theconnection technique and the line cross sections used vary with the type of front
plug connector used. See chapter 2.1.2.
Core sleeves are not required when flexible lines are used. If you use core
sleeves anyway, use only those without insulating collars (i.e., DIN 46228,
shape A, short version).
The single cores can also be connected as a cable to the front plug connector.
Note
The 2-core connection of the 32 inputs in the front plug connector of the AI32
(64 single cores) requires that the line cross section be reduced. Thegrounding lines of four measured values must be combined on one grounding
terminal.
Turning moment The connection screws in the front plug connector are tightened with a turningmoment of 60 to 80 Ncm. The maximum width of the screw driver blade used
to tighten the slotted screws is 4 mm.
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Cabling with thetransfer module(example)
Transfer modules can be used to wire the systems, for example.
A prefabricated front plug connector with fitted cable (50 x 0.142) is used
for this type of cabling. This cable is connected to a transfer module for the
AI32/16.
hb_
ai_km
Figure 2-4 Example of cabling with the transfer module
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2.4 Connection Technique for Prevention of Measured ValueDistortion
The system offers 2 versions of the analog input module.
The AI32 with 32 potentially isolated measuring inputs
The AI16 with 16 potentially isolated measuring inputs
The following information will help you select the right module. Important
criteria are listed below.
Accuracy desired
Environmental interference
Grounding conditions in the system
The measuring transformer used
2.4.1 Undesired Coupling of Current Circuits
The interference factors listed here are only intended as a general overview of
the most frequent sources of errors which can occur in actual practice.
For a detailed discussion of theoretical error analysis, see the extensive
selection of specialized literature available today.
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Galvanic coupling Grounding loops are responsible for measured value distortions at differentpoints of a linked measuring circuit system. The figure below illustrates this
problem.
hb_
ai_pu
+
-
=
=
+
-
+
-
=
+
-
=
+ -H
+ -H
+ -H
AI32
UE2
UE1
CM0
UE0
CM1 CM2
GND
E31
E1
E2
E0
U U U
Analogportion
Digitalportion
Multi-plexer
UE = Measuring voltage
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
1-of-32
UCM = Error voltage due to grounding loops
Figure 2-5 Measured value distortions caused by grounding loops
Measures used to avoid this problem:
Use separate supply and measuring signal lines.
Use star-shaped connections for the different current circuits (on the frontplug connector of the AI32/16 if possible).
Keep unavoidable coupling resistances low.
Avoid grounding loops.
Keep equipotential bonding in mind.
Capacitivecoupling
Long cable paths and cables in parallel paths (e.g., in cables with thin cores) are
responsible for measured value distortions caused by capacitive voltagecoupling. The figure below illustrates this problem.
hb_
ai_pv
+
-
=
=
+
-
+
-
=
+
-
=
AI 32
UE2
UE1
UE0
GND
E31
E1
E2
E0CK CK
CK AnalogportionDigitalportion
Multi-plexer
UE = Measuring voltage
Potential
isolation2.5 kV
1-of-32CK = Coupling capacit
Figure 2-6Measured value distortions caused by capacitive voltage coupling
Measures used to avoid this problem:
Keep line lengths short and signal frequencies low.
Provide greater distances between the different current circuits.
Use low-ohmic terminal resistors (voltage inputs more sensitive than currentinputs).
Use shielding.
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Inductive coupling In addition to capacitive coupling, long cable paths and parallel cable paths alsocause measured values to be distorted by inductive current coupling. The figure
below illustrates this problem.
hb_
ai_pw
+
-
=
=
+
-
+
-
=
+
-
=
AI 32
UE2
UE1
UE0
GND
E31
E1
E2
E0MK
MKAnalogportion
Digitalportion
Multi-plexer
UE = Measuring voltage
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
1-of-32
MK = Coupling inductivity
Figure 2-7Measured value distortions caused by inductive current coupling
Measures used to avoid this problem:
Keep line loops small. Twist feed and return conductors tightly together.
Provide large distances between different current circuits.
Select low signal frequencies.
Electromagneticcoupling
Electromagnetic fields are generated by industrial conditions (e.g., use of
powerful thyristor drives), environmental factors (e.g., lighting strikes) and
operational malfunctions (e.g., short circuits on overhead lines/grounding
cables). These factors cause the distortion of measured values in the measuring
lines. The figure below illustrates this problem.
hb_
ai_
px
+
-
=
=
+
-
+
-
=
+
-
=
A
A
A
AI 32
UE2
UE1
IE0
GND
E31
E1
E2
E0
UAnalogportion
Digitalportion
Multi-plexer
UE = Measuring voltage
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
1-of-32
U = Electromagneticallinduced
error voltage
Induction due toloop generation
Figure 2-8Measured value distortions caused by electromagnetic fields
Measures used to avoid this problem:
Keep line loops small. Twist feed and return conductors tightly together.
Provide large distances between different current circuits.
Select low signal frequencies.
Provide shielding.
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2.4.2 Shielding as a Method of Reducing Undesired InterferenceCoupling
Use of shielded cables between measured value encoders and analog input
modules reduces the effects of interference.Provide a good shield connection to ground potential (i.e., local ground). We
will now describe two possible methods of shielding. Keep the connection of
the shielding bar to the central grounding point (i.e., local ground) in the
switching cabinet short and provide sufficiently large line cross sections (i.e.,
2 6 mm2
).
Shielding withcable clamps
Figure 2-9 shows the shield connection of the shielded cable provided from the
system. The analog input modules are wired with the single cores of this cable.
hb_
ai_vs
GND
E0
E1E2
E3
PS CPU AI32
Cable from measured value encoder
Closed cabinet or housing
SIMATIC S7-400 frame
Local ground
Shield bar
( Cable retainer bar)
Cable
Shieldbar
Shielding
Cable clamp
As short a distance
as possible
Bus
Figure 2-9 Suggestion for shielding the measuring lines using wiring with
cable clamps
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Shielding withintermediateterminals
Figure 2-10 shows how an effective shield connection can be made with series
intermediate terminals.
hb_
ai_vr
GND
E0
E1E2
E3
PS CPU AI32
Grounding terminalswith shield connection
via mounting rack
Cut shield braidingto < 3 cm
Cable from measured value encoders
Local ground
Mounting rack
SIMATIC S7-400 frame
Bus
Figure 2-10 Suggestion for shielding the measuring lines using series
intermediate terminals
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2.4.3 Connection of Floating Measured Value Encoders
For AI32
hb_
ai_at
+
-
=
+
-
=
=
+
-
GND
E31
E0
E1
AI 32
Analogportion
Digitalportion
Multi-plexer
Signal encoder, floating
(Cable retainer bar)
Shield bar
Local ground
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
1-of-32
U 250 Viso
UE0
UE1U =0Viso
S7systemb
u
Figure 2-11 Connection of floating measured value encoders to the AI32
For AI16
hb_
ar_at
+
-
=
+
-
=
=
+
- E1N
E1P
E0P
E0N
AI 16
E15P
E15N
Analogportion
Digitalportion
Multi-plexer
Signal encoder, floating
Local ground
U 125 Viso
(Cable retainer bar)
Shield bar
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
UE0
S7systemb
us
1-of-16
UE1
U 250 Viso
Figure 2-12 Connection of floating measured value encoders to the AI16
Note
Keep in mind the voltage immunity of the connection cable used.
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2.4.4 Connection of Non-Floating Measured Value Encoders
For AI32
hb_
ai_ab
+
-
=
+
-
=
=
+
-
GND
E31
E0
E1
AI 32
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
Analogportion
Digitalportion
Multi-plexer
Signal encoder, non-floating
(Cable retainer bar)
Shield bar
Local ground
UE0
S7systemb
u
1-of-32
U 250 Viso
UE1
U =0 Viso
System
ground potential
Figure 2-13 Connection of non-floating measured value encoders to the AI32
For AI16
hb_
ar_ab
+
-
=
+
-
=
=
+
- E1N
E1P
E0P
E0N
AI 16
E15N
E15PPotentialisolation
2.5 kV
Analogportion
Digitalportion
Multi-plexer
1-of-16
Signal encoder, non-floating
Local ground(Cable retainer bar)
Shield bar
UE0
S7systemb
us
UE1
U 250 Viso
U 125 Viso
Systemground potential
Figure 2-14 Connection of non-floating measured value encoders to the AI16
Note
Common system ground potential cancels out the floating potential of the inputs.
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3-1
3 Functions of the Analog Input Modules
Functions of the Analog InputModules 3Introduction The AI32/16 analog input modules are microprocessor-controlled function
modules from the SIMATIC S7-400 system. They are used to acquire and
condition analog process signals.
Preliminary processing includes functions which meet the requirements of
telecontrol technology.
Purpose of thischapter
This chapter covers the representation and processing of analog values. This
information will give you a functional understanding of the analog input
modules and their parameterization.
Contents of thischapter
This chapter contains information on the following topics.
The process image of the inputs (PAE)
Expanded image management in the event buffer (EPE)
The operating modes of measured value acquisition
Threshold value processing
Representation of the analog value in the process image
Measurement of current and voltage values
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3-2
3.1 Processing Principle
The AI32/16 analog input module uses two different methods to process the
acquired measured value changes in parallel.
The difference between these two methods lies in the time at which processing
takes place (i.e., cyclic/spontaneous) and how the data is transferred to the CPU
(i.e., via process image/event buffer).
The PAE is always cyclically updated regardless of the utilization of other
functions.
The following figure shows the relationship between functions and processing
principle.
hb_
ae_
fl
00 1 0 0 01 1
01
11
00 0 0 01 10
Status acquisition
Event
buffer
Cyclic
Spontaneous
Processing Function Data transmission
Threshold valueprocessing
Processimage
Figure 3-1 Relationship between function and processing
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3-3
3.1.1 Process Image
The process image of the inputs (PAE) contains the current raw measured
values of all activated analog inputs.
In the process image of the inputs, each input from I0 to I31 or I15 is assigned one
word of memory. The required memory area (i.e., 64 bytes) is located in the user
data area of the analog input module where it can be addressed directly by the CPU
and read with I/O accesses within a user program.
Status acquisition This function cyclically enters the raw measured values read in the processimage of the inputs. Cyclic updating of the process image of the inputs is always
performed regardless of the other functions used.
The following figure shows a flow chart of this function.
hb_
ai_fz
00 1 0 0 01 1
01
11
00 0 0 01 10
Data
Data
Cyclicprocessing
Spontaneousproce
ssing
Controller
Process interrupt
Measuring values
Filtering, interference suppression, evaluation
1-msec time stamp
S7 system bus
CPU
Data
Threshold value processing
EventbufferProcess
image
Controljobs
Continuous cyclic conversion of allactive measuring value inputs
Figure 3-2 Flow chart of cyclic processing
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3-4
3.1.2 Event Buffer
The event buffer (EPE) contains the raw measured values acquired by the
spontaneous threshold value processing function, and supplementar
information.
The function collects the measured values into data blocks and enters them in
the event buffer at 1-msec intervals in the order in which they occurred. The
layout of these data records is described in chapter 4.2.3. The event buffer can
contain 100 events.
The AI32/16 module uses a process interrupt (PRAL) to cause the CPU to fetch
the data waiting in the event buffer (EPE). A system function call (SFC) is used
to read the event buffer.
The following figure shows a flow chart of the spontaneous processing function.
The process image of the inputs is also updated parallel to this.
hb_
ai_fs
00 1 0 0 01 1
01
11
00 0 0 01 10
Data
Data
Cyclicprocessing
Spontaneousproces
sing
Controller
Process interrupt
1-msec time stamp
S7 system bus
CPU
Data
Threshold value processing
Event
bufferProcessimage
Controljobs
Measuring values
Filtering, interference suppression, evaluation
Continuous cyclic conversion of allactive measuring value inputs
Figure 3-3 Flow chart of spontaneous processing
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3-5
3.2 Measured Value Acquisition
The analog process signals on the inputs are called measured values.
The measured values are selected sequentially via the multiplexer, converted andwritten to the process image (PAE). The measured values can be converted
continuously (asynchronous) or started at specified times (synchronous).
If parameterized, the measured values can also be entered in the event buffer
together with supplementary information when a threshold is exceeded. See
section on threshold value processing below. The measured values are entered
in the event buffer at 1-msec intervals in the order in which they occurred.
Threshold valueprocessing
Before the measured values are made available in the event buffer, the AI32/16
module has already processed the measured values in accordance with threshold
value criteria. See Figure 3-4.
During the additive threshold value processing, the measured value entered lastin the event buffer remains stored as the "old value".
Each "new value" created when the measuring signal is converted is compared
with the "old value" stored. Differences from the "old value" are added in the
addition memory with the correct sign. If the amount in the addition memor
exceeds the parameterized threshold value, an event is generated with time
stamp and entered in the event buffer. This value is then stored as the new "old
value", and the addition memory is set to "0".
Even small but long-lasting changes in the measuring signal will cause an entr
in the event buffer after the parameterized number of conversions has been
exceeded.
hb_
ai_fi
Meas. value prog.
Meas. value (absol.)
"Old value"
Threshold value set
Time ofevent generationMeas. valueentered in EPE
Contents ofaddition memory
Diff. from"old value"
Grid ofscan times
t
+
-
1.0
0
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.2
1.0
2.0
3.0
1.0
0.0 -0.8 -0.4 0.0 0.6 1.4 1.8 2.2 2.6 2.9 1.2 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.0
-0.8
-0.3
0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
-0.4 0.0 1.00.2 0.6
-0.7 -0.7-0.5 0.1 1.1 0.4
1.0
0.4
1.0
0.8
1.2
0.0 1.0 1.8
0.0 1.8
0.4 0.8
1.8
0.4 1.2 0.3
2.6
0.3
2.6
-1.4
-1.1
2.6 1.2
1.2
-0.8
-0.8
1.2
-0.9
-1.7
-0.2
-0.2
0.0
-0.3
0.3
0.3 0.3 0.3
-0.3
0.0
0.3
-0.3
-0.5 -0.8 -1.1
0.0
Figure 3-4 Principle of the additive threshold value function
Synchronousmeasured valueprocessing
With synchronous measured value processing, encoding is started at specified
(absolute) times (synchronous). This permits the respective first measured value
of several AI modules to be recorded simultaneously at the set time (measured
value snapshot).
When the threshold is parameterized as "0," the measured values are transferred
spontaneously regardless of a change. Remember this may overload the system.
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3-6
3.3 Description of Analog Value Representation
3.3.1 Analog Value Representation in the Process Image of the Inputs
(PA
Analog input modules convert the analog process signal into a digital format.
The AI32 and AI16 modules represent the digitized analog value the same for
the same input and measuring range.
Left-justified, fixed point numbers in dual complement are used for
representation in the process image of the inputs. The 3 least significant bit
numbers contain the status bits OV, IV and NT.
The following table shows analog value representation by the AI32/16 in the
process image of the inputs.
Table 3-1 Analog value representation in the process image of the inputs
Analog ValueHigh Byte Low Byte
Bit number 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Significance of the
bits
VZ 211 210 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 NT IV OV
Abbreviations used:
OV : "Overflow" status bit
IV : "Invalid" status bitNT : "Not topic" status bit (i.e., invalid)
VZ : Sign
Status bits The status bits of the analog value are always located in bits 0 to 2.
* OV = "1 Means the measured value is in the overflow area.
* IV = "1" Means that the AI32/16 has detected an error applicable to
this measured value.
* NT = "1" Means that the measured value in invalid (i.e., is not activated
and will not be updated).
Sign The sign of the analog value is always located in bit 15.
* VZ = "0" Means + (i.e., positive).
* VZ = "1" Means - (i.e., negative). The measured value is represented in
dual complement. See Table 3-3.
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3-7
3.3.2 Analog Value Representation in the Event Buffer (EPE)
Entries in the event buffer triggered spontaneously by threshold value
processing are made in the format used by the TP1 communications processor
for telecontrol telegrams.
The AI32 and AI16 use the same representation for the same input and measuring
range.
Left-justified, fixed point numbers in dual complement are used for
representation in the event buffer. The most significant bit contains the sign. A
status byte contains the status information. See chapter 4.2.3 for the transfer
format of the data record.
The following table shows the analog value representation used by the AI32/16
modules in the event buffer.
Table 3-2 Analog value representation in the event buffer
Analog ValueHigh Byte Low Byte
Bit number 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Significance of the
bitsVZ 211 210 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 0 0 0
Abbreviations used:
VZ : Sign
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3-8
Measured valueresolution(Representation inthe process imageof the inputs)
The resolution of the analog values is not dependent on the input and measuring
range parameterized.
Table 3-3 lists the binary, decimal and hexadecimal representation of the
measured value resolution.
Table 3-3 Representation of the measured value resolution
Range Units Analog Value
% Decimal Hexadec. High Byte Low Byte
215 214 213 212 211 210 29 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20
120 32760 7FF8H 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 OV
Overflow * : : : :
119.03 32496 7EF0H 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 OV
Over- 119 32488 7EE8H 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0load : : : :
area 100.03 27312 6AB0H 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
100 27304 6AA8H 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
: : : :
75 20472 4FF8H 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
: : : :
50 13648 3550H 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
: : : :
0.12 32 0020H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
0.09 24 0018H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
0.06 16 0010H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
Nom. range 0.03 8 0008H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
0 0 0000H 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
-0.03 -8 FFF8H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0
-0.06 -16 FFF0H 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0
: : : :
-75 -20472 B008H 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
: : : :
-100 -27304 9558H 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0
Over- -100.03 -27312 9550H 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0load : : : :area -119 -32496 8110H 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
-119.03 -32504 8108H 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 OV
Overflow * : : : :
-120 -32768 8000H 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 OV
* When a measured value is in this range, bit 20 ("OV") is set and the AI32/16 modulereports the "overflow" error. See chapter 5.3.2.
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Assignment of themeasuring ranges
Tables 3-4 to 3-6 contain the digitized analog values for the various measuring
ranges of the AI32/16 module.
Since the binary representation of the analog values is always the same and
these have already been listed in Table 3-3, these tables only contain the
measuring ranges and the units.
Input rangeCurrent 24 mand voltage 6 V
Table 3-4 Resolution of the measuring ranges for input range of current
24 mA and voltage 6 V
Measuring Range
Range Units 1.5 mA 3 mA 6 mA 12 mA 24 mA
% Decimal Hexadec. 1.5 V 3 V 6 V
120 32760 7FF8H 1.8 3.599 7.198 14.397 28.794
Overflow : : : : : : :119.03 32496 7EF0H 1.7844 3.570 7.141 14.280 28.562
Over- 119 32488 7EE8H 1.784 3.569 7.139 14.277 28.555load : : . : : : :area 100.03 27312 6AB0H 1.5004 3.0009 6.0017 12.003 24.007
100 27304 6AA8H 1.5 3 6 12 24
: : : : : : :
75 20472 4FF8H 1.125 2.25 4.5 9 18
: : : : : : :
50 13648 3550H 0.75 1.5 3 6 12
: : : : : : :
0.12 32 0020H 0.0017 0.0035 0.0069 0.014 0.028
0.09 24 0018H 0.0013 0.0026 0.0052 0.010 0.021
0.06 16 0010H 0.0009 0.0017 0.0035 0.007 0.014
0.03 8 0008H 0.0004 0.0009 0.0017 0.003 0.007
Nom. range 0 0 0000H 0 0 0 0 0
-0.03 -8 FFF8H -0.0004 -0.0009 -0.0017 -0.003 -0.007
-0.06 -16 FFF0H -0.0009 -0.0017 -0.0035 -0.007 -0.014
: : : : : : : :
-75 -20472 B008H -1.125 -2.25 -4.5 -9 -18
: : : : : : :
-100 -27304 9558H -1.5 -3 -6 -12 -24
Over- -100.03 -27312 9550H -1.5004 -3.0009 -6.0017 -12.003 -24.007load : : : : : : :
area -119 -32496 8110H -1.784 -3.569 -7.139 -14.277 -28.555
-119.03 -32504 8108H -1.7844 -3.570 -7.141 -14.280 -28.562
Overflow : : : : : : :
-120 -32768 8000H -1.8 -3.599 -7.198 -14.397 -28.794
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Input rangeCurrent 20 mand voltage 10 V
Table 3-5 Resolution of the measuring ranges for input area of current
20 mA/4 to 20 mA and voltage 10 V
Measuring Range
Range/ Units 2.5 mA 5 mA 10 mA 20 mA 4 - 20 mA
% Decimal Hexadec. 1.25 V 2.5 V 5 V 10 V
120 32760 7FF8H 1.5 2.999 5.998 11.997 23.994 23.195
Overflow: :
: : : : : :
119.03 32496 7EF0H 1.488 2.975 5.950 11.901 23.802 23.042
Over- 119 32488 7EE8H 1.487 2.974 5.949 11.898 23.796 23.038load : : : : : : : :area 100.03 27312 6AB0H 1.2504 2.5007 5.0015 10.003 20.006 20.005
100 27304 6AA8H 1.25 2.5 5 10 20 20
: : : : : : : :
75 20472 4FF8H 0.9375 1.875 3.75 7.5 15 16
: : : : : : : :
50 13648 3550H 0.625 1.25 2.5 5 10 12
: : : : : : :
0.12 32 0020H 0.0015 0.0029 0.0058 0.012 0.023 4.019
0.09 24 0018H 0.0011 0.0022 0.0043 0.009 0.017 4.014
0.06 16 0010H 0.0007 0.0015 0.0029 0.006 0.012 4.009
0.03 8 0008H 0.0004 0.0007 0.0015 0.003 0.006 4.005
Nom. range 0 0 0000H 0 0 0 0 0 4
-0.03 -8 FFF8H -0.0004 -0.0007 -0.0015 -0.003 -0.006 3.995
-0.06 -16 FFF0H -0.0007 -0.0015 -0.0029 -0.006 -0.012 3.991
: : : : : : : :
-25 -6824 E558H -0.3125 -0.625 -1.25 -2.5 -5 0
: : : : : : : :
-75 -20472 B008H -0.9375 -1.875 -3.75 -7.5 -15
: : : : : : :
-100 -27304 9558H -1.25 -2.5 -5 -10 -20
Over- -100.03 -27312 9550H -1.2504 -2.501 -5.0015 -10.003 -20.006load : : : : : : :
area -119 -32496 8110H -1.487 -2.974 -5.949 -11.898 -23.796
-119.03 -32504 8108H -1.488 -2.975 -5.950 -11.901 -23.802
Overflow : : : : : : :
-120 -32768 8000H -1.5 -2.999 -5.998 -11.997 -23.994
Disregard
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Input rangeCurrent 1 mAand voltage 1 V
Table 3-6 Resolution of the measuring ranges for input range of current
1 mA and voltage 1 V
Measuring Range
Range/ Units 0.5 mA 1 mA
% Decimal Hexadec. 0.5 V 1 V
120 32760 7FF8H 0.5999 1.1997
Overflow: :
: :
119.03 32496 7EF0H 0.5950 1.1901
Over- 119 32488 7EE8H 0.5949 1.1898load : : : :area 100.04 27312 6AB0H 0.5001 1.0003
100 27304 6AA8H 0.5 1
: : : :
75 20472 4FF8H 0.375 0.75
: : : :
50 13648 3550H 0.25 0.5
: : : :
0.12 32 0020H 0.0006 0.0012
0.09 24 0018H 0.0004 0.0009
0.06 16 0010H 0.0003 0.0006
0.03 8 0008H 0.0001 0.0003
Nom. range 0 0 0000H 0 0
-0.03 -8 FFF8H -0.0001 -0.0003
-0.06 -16 FFF0H -0.0003 -0.0006
: : : : :
-75 -20472 B008H -0.375 -0.75
: : : :
-100 -27304 9558H -0.5 -1
Over- -100.03 -27312 9550H -0.5001 -1.0003load : : : :
area -119 -32496 8110H -0.5949 -1.1898
-119.03 -32504 8108H -0.5950 -1.1901
Overflow : : : :
-120 -32768 8000H -0.5999 -1.1997
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3.4 Current or Voltage Input
Input resistance AI32/16 analog input modules are available with either current or voltageinputs. Voltage inputs are high ohmic. Current inputs have measuring resistorsfor high accurac . Due to the low ohmic measuring circuit termination, current
inputs are not as sensitive to interference and should be used if possible.
Selection of the inputs of the analog input modules has nothing to do with the actual
measured variable. Conversion is handled by a measuring transducer installed in
between. See Figure 3-5.
hb_
ar_ai
+
-
1
2
+
-
1
2
Converter Fronconnector
Analog input AI 16with current inputs
N L
K
L
k
Measuringtransducer
Process Cabinet
N L
U
V
u
v
UH
-+
UH
-+
AE
AE
Measured quantity U
+
-
=
Potentialisolation
2.5 kV
Multiplexer
1-of-16
E1N
E1P
E15N
E15P
E0P
E0N
Analogportion
MW0I
MW1I
O
Measured quantity I
Figure 3-5 Connection of measuring converters on current inputs
Input range /measuring range
Several related measuring ranges are combined into one input range. A special
reference voltage is fed to each input range to optimize measuring accuracy.
Measuring ranges from different input ranges cannot be parameterized on one
module because the required recalibration would increase coding time
considerably
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3-13
3.5 Overlapping Function
An overlapping function is implemented on the AI32/16 module which is
available during cyclic and spontaneous processing.
Zero pointsuppression
Every measured value is subjected to a parameterizable zero point suppression.
For more information, see the menu tree in chapter Fehler! Verweisquelle
konnte nicht gefunden werden.. Zero point suppression is used to stabilize the
converted value when it approaches zero. The lower value range which can be
parameterized in percentages is specifically set to zero.
Wire break The AI32/16 module with current inputs has a measuring range of 4 to 20 mA.The inputs which are parameterized with this measuring range permit wire break
monitoring in the measuring circuit.
The measured value encoders used here already supply a current of 4 mA for themeasured value 0 mA. The AI32/16 module calculates this offset value and then
enters the measured value of 0 mA in the data record. See Table 3-5.
When the current drops below 3.8mA, the AI32/16 module recognizes "wire
break" and reports this with an entry in the event buffer (see chapter 5.3.1) and
with additional diagnostic data in data record 1 (see chapter 5-11).
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4 Operation and Use
Operation and Use 4Introduction Before data communication can take place with the analog input modules, the
must be configured in the SIMATIC S7 system and parameterized if necessary.
Communication of the AI32/16 modules with the CPU is handled by the
SIMATIC S7 system bus.
Purpose of thischapter
This chapter provides you with information on parameterization of the modules
and linking them to applications. Examples are provided to illustrate this
information. Data communication with the analog input modules is described.
Contents of thischapter
This chapter contains information on the following topics.
Linking the AI32/16 modules to a SIMATIC project
Data assignment in the process image of the inputs (PAE)
Data assignment in the event buffer (EPE)
Control jobs (e.g., synchronization of the time)
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4-2
4.1 Configuring and Parameterizing
To configure the AI32/16 in a SIMATIC S7-400 system and provide it with
parameters, use the hardware configuration of the SIMATIC Manager. You canperform the following with HW Konfig.
Arrange the modules in a configuration table based on the planned setup
Specify the parameters for the modules
Generate system data blocks (SDB) containing the specified parameters
Transfer system data blocks to a CPU or read them from a CPU
Print out the configuration and parameters
See the manual on using the tools with STEP7 for detailed information on ho
to proceed and the scope of tools available.
Note
The "SICAM plusTOOLS for RTU (HW Konfig)" must be installed so that the
AI32/16 can be added to the module catalog in HW Konfig.
This tool is not included with the AI32/16 and must be ordered separately. See
"Accessories and Replacement Parts" on page Appendix-2.
Configuring The term "configuring" means the arrangement of modules in a configurationtable. The allocation of the module rack slots is specified here. The S7 configuration
tool automatically assigns an address to every analog input module in this table.
This address cut be modify on every time.
The following figure shows the menu window of the S7 Configuration tool inwhich AI32/16 assignment is performed.
Figure 4-1 Menu window for the configuration
After an AI32/16 module has been entered in the menu shown in Figure 4-1,
you can double click inthe menu line to open the window shown in Figure 4-2for parameterization of the AI32/16 module.
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Parameterizing The term "parameterizing" means the setting of parameters for the digital inputmodule. This adapts the hardware and firmware to the specific functions.
Default parameters After the supply voltage is turned on and the system has booted, the AI32/16 is
in the following state. Cyclic status acquisition (only updating of the PAE process image).
All inputs are active.
Greatest input and measuring range: 24 mA or 10 V
Interference voltage suppression: 50 Hz
No zero point suppression
No spontaneous event generation (i.e., threshold value processing disabled)
Generalparameters
The two menu windows below are used to enter non-standard module
addressing and interrupt processing. In addition, a commentary can be assigned
to the AI32/16 module.
Figure 4-2 Menu window for general parameters
Figure 4-3 Menu window for the logical addressing of the AI32/16 module
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Basic parameters The following figure shows the menu window in which the basic parameters ofthe AI32/16 module are specified.
Figure 4-4 Menu window for entry of the basic parameters
Parameters formeasured valuechannels
The following figure shows the menu window in which the channel-related
parameters are entered.
Figure 4-5 Menu window for channel-related parameters
Menu tree The menu tree for parameterization is structured hierarchically as shown inFigure 4-6 and Figure 4-7. One hierarchical level contains all branches of that
level.
The menu items of one level are used to set the parameters related to this level.
These parameters are valid for all subordinate hierarchical levels of this
particular menu item.
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Menu Tree for Parameterization of theAI32/16with Current Inputs
hb_ai_m1
AI32
Interference suppression
Input area
Input currents
Measuring areas (for input area 24mA)
Input active (yes / no)
Event generation (yes / no)
Frequency (50Hz / 60 Hz / 16/Hz)
Current value (24mA / 20mA / 1mA)
Menu start (see figure 4-2)
Valid for all inputs
AI
16withcurrent
Input
Zero point suppression(0=off, 1 to 128 in steps of 0.1%)
(+1,5 / 1,5 / +3 / 3 / +6 / 6 / + 12 / 12 / +24 / 24mA)
Input voltages
Measuring areas (for input area 20mA)
(+2,5 / 2,5 / +5 / 5 / +10 / 10 / +20 / 20 / +4 - +20 mA)
Input voltages
Measuring areas (for input area 1mA)
(+0.5 / 0.5 / +1 / 1mA)
Threshold value(0=off, 1 to 128 in steps of 0.1%)
Valid for all inputs
Yes: Data transfer to PAEThe number of activated inputsdirectly influences the updatingtime of the measured value.
Different measuring ranges
can be parameterizedwithin a module.The shortest measured valueupdating time results for onlyone measuring range.
Data transfer: EPEinterrupt-controlled with time
inputs
Percentage of raw value.
Menu tree Remarks
Can be selected for everysingle current input
Seconds value for start of encoding
Start time of encoding
Figure 4-6 Menu tree for AI32/16 with current inputs
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Menu Tree for Parameterization of theAI32/16with Voltage Inputs
hb_ai_m2
AI32
Interference suppression
Input area
Input voltages
Measuring areas (for input area 10V)
Input active (yes / no)
Event generation (yes / no)
Frequency (1 to 100 Hz in steps of one and 16/Hz)
Voltage value (10V / 6V / 1V)
Menu start (see figure 4-2)
Valid for all inputs
AI
16withvoltage
Input
Zero point suppression(0.0 to 128.7% in steps of 0.1%)
(+1.25 / 1.25 / +2.5 / 2.5 / +5 / 5 / +10 / 10 V)
Input voltages
Measuring areas (for input area 6V)
(+1.5 / 1.5 / +3 / 3 / +6 / 6 V)
Input voltages
Measuring areas (for input area 1V)
(+0.5 / 0.5 / +1 / 1V)
Threshold value(0.0 to 12.7% in steps of 0.1%)
Valid for all inputs
Yes: Data transfer to PAEThe number of activated inputsdirectly influences the updatingtime of the measured value.
Different measuring rangescan be parameterizedwithin a module.The shortest measured valueupdating time results for onlyone measuring range.
Data transfer: EPEinterrupt-controlled with time
inputs
Percentage of raw value.
Menu tree Remarks
Can be selected for everysingle voltage input
Start time of encoding
Seconds value for start of encoding
Figure 4-7 Menu tree for AI32/16 module with voltage inputs
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4.2 Data of the AI32/16
4.2.1 Reading Out the Process Image of the Inputs (PAE)
The analog input modules keep the measured values of all 32 or 16 analog
inputs in the process image of the inputs. The values are arranged in ascending
order.
The process image of the inputs of the analog input modules is located in the
user data area of the I/O which can be addressed directly. The CPU can read
out the measured values during each freely programmable user cycle.
The address is based on the slots and is specified when the system is configured.
Assignment of the process image:
Address ( analog input n ) Basic address + 2 Fn
Example:
Address ( analog input 3 ) Basic address + 6
4.2.2 Reading Out the Event Buffer (EPE)
The data records of the changes in measured values detected by threshold
processing are stored intermediately in the event buffer.
A data entry in the event buffer contains the measured value with sign, the
status bits and the time with a resolution of 1 msec. If several data records have
been entered in the event buffer before it is read out, the AI32/16 module
combines these recordsinto a data block. See chapter 4.2.3 for a description of
the transfer format. The event buffer works on the first-in-first-out principle.
The buffer can hold up to 100 events. A buffer overflow is identified by a data
record in the event buffer. See chapter 5.3.2 for more information on buffer
overflows.
Reading outprocess data
The AI32/16 analog input modules trigger a process interrupt (PRAL) to the
CPU as soon as data entries are made in the event buffer. The related data
record, which may contain several entries depending on the number of process
changes, is then ready to be fetched by the CPU.
The process interrupt triggers an interrupt routine on the CPU. The syste
determines which module has triggered the interrupt. The data record can then
be read from the module with a system function call (SFC59) and stored
intermediately in a data block (DB). After the AI32/16 module recognizes that
the data record reported by the process interrupt has been read, it is ready to
generate additional process interrupts again.
Note
Selecting a very low threshold value (e.g., 0.1%) causes measured values to be
entered very frequently in the event buffer. The module also generates process
interrupts very frequently.
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Additionalinformation withthe processinterrupt
The AI32/16 module provides additional information within the start information
block to the interrupt OB.
Table 4-1 shows the layout of the section of the start information block (local
data of alarm OB) applicable to this addi