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1. Genuine desire to make a lasting peace.

2. Commitment to peace agreements.

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agreement.

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the 2008 State Constitution, Our Three Main National

Causes, and the essence of democracy.

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(409)

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rEÅav; Zlvdkif 12Regal Hospitality Co.,Ltd. rS jrefrm

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(402)

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6/ 15;30 uAsmO,smOf7/ 16;00 First Step

8/ 17;20 *kPf,ltvGrf;9/ 19;20 Love Dictionary

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Page-12.indd 1 7/12/2015 11:46:41 PM

1313-7-2015 aqmif;yg;ESifh jynfwGif;owif;

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(100)

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(100)

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Knowledge & Science News18 13-7-2015

Florida July 12

Sea levels could rise by at

least six metres (20 feet) in the

long term, swamping coasts

from Florida to Bangladesh,

even if governments achieve

their goals for curbing global

warming, according to a study

published on Thursday.

Tracts of ice in Greenland

and Antarctica melted when

temperatures were around or

slightly higher than today

in ancient thaws in the past

three million years, a U.S.-led

international team wrote in

the journal Science.

And the world may be

Milan July 12

Female bosses make men

feel threatened and this fear

can even trigger a power stru-

ggle, new research has claimed.

Having a woman supervi-

sor or manager causes men to

become more assertive com-

pared to if their boss was a

man.

Even men who believe in

gender equality feel their

masculinity is under threat, the

study by Bocconi University

in Milan said.

And because the concept

of masculinity is embedded

within societies, changing

men's behaviour may prove

impossible, experts warned.

While more women have

Seas could rise 6 metres even IF governments curb

global warming

Battle of the sexes in the workplace: Men feel threatened by female bosses and act more

aggressively as a result, study claims

At 4 am sharp before the sun

comes out the northeast-

bound up-train starts leaving Man-

dalay railway station the second

busiest rail network in Myanmar

after its counterpart in Yangon in the

darkness and enters into one of the

“must do” railway journeys of the

world. Many parts of the railroad that

ends in Lashio not far from the Chinese

border in the northern Shan State are

the magnifi cent accomplishment of

British engineering. In fact, the British

after annexing upper Myanmar built

the Mandalay-Lashio railroad with

the aim of putting local chieftains

under their control through trade

and administration.

The train after travelling several

miles eastward started climbing up

the table mountains which we call

the Shan plateau. Ascending through

a chain of zigzags up the steep

mountain slope the train reaches the

top where Pyin Oo Lwin (formally

known as Maymyo) lies. The view

of the plains at the mountain foot

during the train going backward and

forward slowly along the zigzagging

tracts is so much spectacular. As

the train goes up higher, the sunrise

view of the plains becomes broader

with everything becoming smaller

and smaller.

After a short travel on the mountain

top the train reaches Pyin Oo Lwin,

A wonderful train ride

Hsipaw seen from afar.

a hill station with many names,

and renowned for its waterfalls,

fair weather, serenity, fl owers and

beauty. The town was once the

summer seat of the colonial rulers.

So, one- or two-day stay in Pyin Oo

Lwin is recommendable.

The train leaves Pyin Oo Lwin

after stopping there for about 15 min-

utes, and continues its mountainous

journey winding through the pleasant

landscape till reaching Nawngpeng

a small market town in Shan State.

Later the train stops for a while

at Gokteik station in Nawnghkio

township before starting to cross

over the legendary Gokteik viaduct

spanning a deep gorge under it. The

Gokteik viaduct was designed and

fabricated by the Pennsylvania Steel

Company of America. When built

in 1901, it had the highest span of

any bridge in the British Empire,

and was the only American-built

bridge in the Empire. Stretching

2,260 feet (689 meters) from end to

end, the viaduct has 14 towers that

span 40 feet (12 meters) along with

a double tower 80 feet (24 meters)

long. These 15 towers support 10

deck truss spans of 120 feet (37

meters) along with six plate girder

spans 60 feet (18 meters) long and

an approach span of 40 feet (12

meters). Many sources have put

the height of the bridge at 820 feet

(250 meters). This is supposedly a

measurement to the river level as it

fl ows underground through a tunnel

at the point it passes underneath the

trestle. The true height of the bridge

as measured from the rail deck to

the ground on the downstream side

of the tallest tower is 335 feet (102

meters).

After experiencing the most

breathtaking moment at the bridge,

the train carries on its journey to

Kyaukme, a business town and one

of the major stopovers of the route.

Another major stopover is

Hsipaw, a rustic town on the bank of

Duthawadi. It was once the seat of

the local chieftains. Another stunn-

ing view of Mandalay-Lashio line

is the Mansam falls that is located

in the deep jungle between Hsipaw

and Lashio.

After travelling for about 11 hours

the train arrives at its destination

Lashio, the largest major town in

northern Shan State, that is becoming

a popular tourist spot. Lashio itself

has many attractions including natural

hot springs, Thatana (Sasana) 2500

pagoda, Mansu Shan monastery,

QuanYinShang Chinese temple,

central market, Linnoe (bat) cave,

YanTineAung Pagoda. Besides, it

is on the way to Chinese border.

Anyhow, the journey from Mandalay

to Lashio will be a wonderful and

memorable train ride for every

passenger. Nadi Naing

headed for a repeat even if

governments cut greenhouse

gas emissions to limit global

warming to a United Nations

goal of 2 degrees Celsius

(3.6 Fahrenheit) above pre-

industrial times.

“Present temperature targets

may commit Earth to at least

six metres sea level rise,” the

authors at the Past Global

Changes project wrote. Some

greenhouse gases can linger for

centuries in the atmosphere.

Such a thaw would threaten

cities from Beijing to London,

and swamp low-lying tropical

island states.

Lead author Andrea Dutton,

of the University of Florida, said

it could take many centuries for

a six-metre rise, despite some

ancient evidence that more

rapid shifts were possible.

Mail Online

gained senior positions within

organisations, there still exists

a glass ceiling to the most

senior management positions

in the US. But women increas-

ingly occupy lower and middle

management posts.

To combat this, female

bosses may want to appear

more proactive and less

power-seeking to maintain

smooth relationships in the

workplace.

In three experiments,

researchers discovered men

feel more threatened when

they answer to female bosses.

Mail Online

Knowledge

P-18.indd 1 7/12/2015 11:58:11 PM

Local News 1913-7-2015

Yangon July 12

A century-old colonial building

on Merchant Street is being repaired,

funded by Tour Gate Mountain.

The director of the construction

project said: “The repair work is

funded by Tour Gate Mountain, a

donor organization from Scotland.

It has offi ce in Myanmar. The buil-

ding will be restored its former

design.”

The wiring and drainage will be

replaced completely and structures

added to the original building will

also be removed.

The residents of the building

will be allowed to reside in the

building after repair and be taught

about conservation of the building.

“We will keep in contact with the

residents even after repair is carried

out and conduct regular checks. We

will also teach the residents dos and

don’ts,” said the director.

The repair is estimated to last

eight months and be complete in

2016.

H.O

Yangon July 12

Ministry of Livestock, Fisheries

and Rural Development will provide

those wishing to engage in beekeeping

business with fi nancial and technical

assistance in an effort to boost honey

production.

The aid is aimed to export in-

creased volume of honey to foreign

markets as Myanmar’s honey is on

higher demand and fetching good

prices while the production fails to

Yangon July 12

Tour operators based in foreign

countries are selling Myanmar’s

tour packages online, said local

tour operators.

Foreign travel agents link with

tour operators and middlemen in

Myanmar and sell package tours to

foreign travelers, which means the

revenues go to those foreign tour

operators, incurring a loss to both

national tour operators and foreign

investors in Myanmar’s tourism

industry, said local tour agencies.

“(Foreign tour operators) selling

tours of Myanmar online cause a

fi nancial loss not only to local travel

agencies but also to the government,”

said Daw Thatoe Thuzar Aung, the

managing-director of Authentic

Myanmar Travel & Tours.

As the online sale is not popular

in the country, foreign tour operators

are taking this advantage to sell tour

packages on internet in partnership

with hotels in Myanmar. Local tour

operators are losing their market

shares as a result. There is still no

clear rules and regulations as

regards online selling at present,

said technician Ko Ei Maung.

Local tour operators have

called for collaboration between

the government, technicians and

themselves to prevent foreign-based

tour operators selling tours online,

crying over the underdeveloped

i-banking system in the country.

“Technology has just started to

develop in our country. We have yet

to have access to better technology

to prevent such,” said Daw Sabe

Aung, managing-director of Nature

Dream Travel & Tours. 443

Yangon July 12

One Map Myanmar—a Swiss-

backed project for creation of an

open access spatial database on

land-related information –will be

implemented under the management

of central resources management

committee, announced the Ministry

of Environmental Conservation

and Forestry.

A seminar between 25 departments

and teams engaged in establishing

the map, partner organizations

and experts from Switzerland was

held last month and the project

will be funded by Swiss Agency

for Development and Cooperation

(SDC) and Switzerland Embassy

in Myanmar.

Center for Development and

Environment (CDE) and Bern

University from Switzerland will

provide technical assistance with

the project and Land Core Group

will serve as local partner organi-

zation.

Outcomes include increased

public availability of quality data,

improved capacities for generating

and analyzing information, and better

evidence for decision-making on

land governance and development

planning. AD Moe

Yangon July 12

The urban cultural heritage

conservation draft law for Yangon

has yet to be fi nalized as related

surveys drag on, said Yangon Heri-

tage Trust, a lobbying group working

for conservation of cultural heritage

in the former capital.

According to the survey of

Yangon City Development Commi-

ttee (YCDC), the municipality of

Yangon, there are 189 colonial-era

Colonial building restored to former glory

Finalization of urban cultural heritage

conservation draft law delayed

One Map

Myanmar in

implem-

entation

process

Ministry to help private beekeepers Local tour operators suffer from

online package tour sales

buildings in Yangon.

Daw Shwe Yin Mar Oo, the press

offi cer of YHT, said: “It is true that

there are 198 buildings. But, they

are just on the list and there is no

clear defi nition of them. The survey

started two years ago and now

it is being done in suburban town-

ships.”

Around 30 percent of colonial-

era buildings in downtown Yangon

has been changed some what since

1990s to tune to the urbaniza-

tions as YHT is seeking ways to

restore them into their former

glory now.

“We need to learn how historic, big

and splendid a building is before it

is handed over to private companies

(to use for commercial purpose). If

we are to renovate a building, we

need to systematically draw a plan,”

said Daw Shwe Yin Mar Oo.

Two (or) three years ago, people

are less interested in conserving the

cultural heritage of Yangon, said

YHT. H.O

meet the demand.

Honey also on high demand on

the local market, resulting in fake

honey being sold on the market. The

ministry is planning to take actions

against fake honey producers. Bees

are mainly kept in upper and central

Myanmar.

Varieties of honey products are

exported to China, Japan, India,

South Korea, Thailand and European

countries. Myanmar produces more

than 6,000 tons of honey per year,

of which around 4,500 tons are

exported for foreign markets.

Private sector constitutes just a

small proportion of entire beekee-

ping industry which is dominated

by the government. The ministry

aims to promote the part of private

sector in beekeeping business by

providing them with essential input.

Soe Moe

Yangon city hall includes one of old colonial-era buildings in Myanmar.

This photo shows a beekeeping farm in Myanmar.

Page-19(13-7-2015).indd 1 7/12/2015 11:59:48 PM

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Miss Myanmar World 2015

First Runner up Maureen Lu SannDruNydKifyGJawG wpfcgrSrNydKifzl;ygbl;/ 'DNydKifyGJu yxrqHk;

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Miss Myanmar World

2015 Second Runner up

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22 13-7-2015jynfytEkynmowif;

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aqmifEdkifcJhaom trsKd;orD;abmvHk; toif;udk aEG;axG;pGmBudKqkdMuyg[k aw; vmu Instagram pmrsufESmrSwpfqifh *kPf,l0ifh<um;pGma&;om;cJhonf/

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Myawady Digital Set Top Box

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MRTV - 4

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MYANMAR

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